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Study of Oral Tradition of Deli Javanese in the Fading Process of Javanese Culture to the Community in Binjai City

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Study of Oral Tradition of Deli Javanese in the Fading Process of Javanese Culture to the Community in Binjai City International Journal of Research and Review Vol.7; Issue: 9; September 2020 Website: www.ijrrjournal.com Research Paper E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Study of Oral Tradition of Deli Javanese in the Fading Process of Javanese Culture to the Community in Binjai City Nila Afningsih1, Debbi Chyntia Ovami2, Dewi Nurmala3 1Department of Language Education and Indonesian Literature, Faculty of Education and Teacher Science Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah, Indonesia 2Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah, Indonesia 3Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah, Indonesia Corresponding Author: Dewi Nurmala ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION At the present time the young The oral tradition of Javanese culture in North generation, especially in Binjai is in a Sumatra is undergoing a shift that the Javanese "blind" position to the original values of in the area can no longer afford. This shift their culture. Our generations do not realize occurs not only because it is carried away by the that they do not preserve their original current changing times, but also family and environmental factors have great potential in its values, forget the past life and their movement. For example, their family or their beginnings and like people who lose their parents did not introduce Javanese oral memories ignoring their history. As the traditions to them. Especially at the present time effect, they are alienated and eliminated that teenagers are much more interested in from the original cultures (Supriatin, 2012). technological developments and continue to be The shift of Javanese cultural trapped in it. As a result, the future generations traditions in this city occurred not only of this country begin to lose their view of life as because of the changing times but the a culture as their identity. This is the biggest factor was family and environmental background for conducting this research. The factors which did not introduce them to the purpose of this research is to examine the Deli oral traditions of Javanese culture. In Javanese oral tradition and the process of fading Javanese culture in the community in the city of addition, our youth are more interested in Binjai. This type of research is descriptive technological developments. It is so broken qualitative. This research used triangulation our hearts when we see the next generation technique. The results of this study indicate that of this country began to lose sight of life in after the emergence of a second generation culture (Afningsih et al., 2019) called Heredity Javanese or Deli Javanese. In This Javanese oral tradition has general, these Heredity Javanese descendants existed since our ancestors did not know began not to use the original Javanese traditions. letters and writing. Establishing a The emergence of the Deli Javanese or Javanese relationship with the community directly Heredity began to diminish the values of the with the culture of the previous people is a original Javanese oral tradition and this finding very valuable. We can see in it, there are strengthens the statement that the Javanese oral tradition from generation to generation even cultural codes that have values and now in North Sumatra has experienced fading meanings that are so high in his era and is threatened with extinction. (Damono, 1984). Javanese cultural tradition of oral Keywords: Javanese Oral Traditions, Culture, form is divided into 2 aspects, namely: Community aspects of the process and aspects of the International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 354 Vol.7; Issue: 9; September 2020 Nila Afningsih et.al. Study of oral tradition of deli Javanese in the fading process of Javanese culture to the community in Binjai city product. Oral tradition in the form of a The interviews were aimed at product is an oral message from the community leaders and residents around of ancestors. Whereas oral tradition as a Binjai city and also at the youths of the city. process is a form of inheritance of messages Interviews were conducted using interview through word of mouth all the time until the instructions prepared by the researcher. The message disappears. questions that have been made by If we look at it from a different researchers in the interview guidelines can perspective, in general the Javanese always be developed according to the information see that respect and harmony have values needed at the interview so that the interview and meanings that are very important and can run openly but still focus on the valuable to their interaction. All processes research problems. are based on noble values in Javanese expressions that read: sepi ing pamrih, rame 2. Observation ing gawe, memayu hayuning bawana Direct observation and passive observation become the choices that will be METHODS used in the research. According to This research is a descriptive study (Prof.Dr.Sugiono, 2010), passive with an ethnographic qualitative approach. participation means "in this case the This research seeks to describe and create researcher come to the place observed, but social and cultural structures in society. At the researcher does not get involved in the this stage, it will apply descriptive and activity". With direct observation, survey methods directly to the field. This is researchers make observations to find data because the Javanese oral tradition must that will later become sources of data and explore, discover, express, and explain the then it can be processed into analytical meaning and patterns of oral traditions that material. In this activity the researchers will be examined. In this way, the Javanese observed the development and use of oral tradition researcher must be close to the Javanese oral cultural traditions in Binjai, oral tradition he is investigating. especially the Javanese ethnics. Researchers will explore or photograph social situations that will be examined 3. Documentation thoroughly, broadly, and deeply According to (Prof.Dr.Sugiono, (Prof.Dr.Sugiono, 2010). The technique 2010) "the document is a record of activities used to collect the data in this research is by that have passed". The notes can be written, interview, observation and documentation. photographed, or the works of someone. (Prof.Dr.Sugiono, 2010) explains that 1. Interview research results from observations or Interview is a conversation in interviews will be more reliable if supported searching of information. Usually by the existence of documents. interviews are conducted by two parties, Triangulation itself is a cross- namely the interviewer, one whose job is recheck or cross-checking process for the asking questions and the interviewee is the correctness of data and the process of one who gives the answers to these managing data. Cross-rechecking like this questions. And semi-structured interviews must be done in order to see the truth of became the technique chosen as interviews research. One way that can be done by in the study (Moleong, 2012).The purpose researchers is to use different informants; of the semi-structured interview according this is to get the truth of the information or to (Prof.Dr.Sugiono, 2010) is "to find the data. problem in a more focused manner, where The data analysis in this study uses the the interviewees are asked for their opinions following techniques: and ideas". International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 355 Vol.7; Issue: 9; September 2020 Nila Afningsih et.al. Study of oral tradition of deli Javanese in the fading process of Javanese culture to the community in Binjai city 1. Data Collection who do not know the size from social itself, In this stage the activities carried out are because of context their cultures, all call searching, recording, and collecting data themselves coming from the same degree. through the results of interviews, We can see from the use of language in documentation, and observations related to social activities among Javanese the oral traditions of Javanese culture, themselves, namely the habit of using ngoko especially in the community and language, which is a language commonly adolescents. used for fellow lower class (Afningsih. 2. Data Reduction 2019) Reducing data means summarizing. Javanese from this group do not Choosing the main things that are important want to leave the culture that is already things, then looking for themes and patterns. attached to them and still carry the cultural Thus the results of the data that has been value of the pure oral tradition of Java. In reduced will present a clear picture, and his life as a plantation laborer who had lived greatly assist researchers in carrying out in plantation settlements for decades, the further activities, and find other data if Javanese of Deli no longer had the deemed necessary (Prof.Dr.Sugiono, 2010). opportunity to carry out their own cultural activities. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Even economically they are also History of the Birth of the Deli Java helpless so the opportunity to carry out The movement of the Javanese to the cultural activities both related to life circles North Sumatra region occurred within four and other ceremonies is very unlikely. In steps. The first step, namely the Majapahit addition, they do not have a cultural figure era, invaded the Haru kingdom. Many to maintain the culture itself. These Javanese settled in North Sumatra; The Javanese contract laborers came from second step, namely the Dutch Indies various regions in Java that had different carried out colonization. Javanese ethnic cultural characteristics, but they were all groups were forcibly invited by the from proletarian groups in Java who were Colonialist as contract workers on a Dutch mostly poor and unemployed. And life on plantation in the North Sumatra area with a plantations that are shackling causes them to large number of people. However, the be less concerned with their Javanese movement of Javanese tribes in the third symbols.
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