Bibliographical Notes on the Issues of the Continental Congress. 1775
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CONFEDERATION CONGRESS CALLS the CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION, 21 February 17871
C. CONFEDERATION CONGRESS CALLS THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION, 21 February 17871 Congress assembled as before. The report of a grand committee2 consisting of Mr. [Nathan] Dane, Mr. [James M.] Varnum, Mr. S[tephen] M[ix] Mitchell, Mr. [Melancton] Smith, Mr. [Lambert] Cadwallader, Mr. [William] Irwine, Mr. N[athaniel] Mitchell, Mr. [Uriah] Forrest, Mr. [William] Grayson, Mr. [William] Blount, Mr. [John] Bull, and Mr. [William] Few to whom was referred a letter of 14 September 1786 from J[ohn] Dickinson written at the request of commissioners from the states of Virginia, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York assembled at the city of Annapolis together with a copy of the report of the said commissioners to the legislatures of the states by whom they were appointed, being an order of the day was called up and which is contained in the following resolution, viz: “Congress having had under consideration the letter of John Dickinson, Esquire, chairman of the commissioners who assembled at Annapolis during the last year, also the proceedings of the said commissioners and entirely coinciding with them as to the inefficiency of the federal government and the necessity of devising such farther provisions as shall render the same adequate to the exigencies of the Union do strongly recommend to the different legislatures to send forward delegates to meet the proposed convention on the second Monday in May next at the city of Philadelphia.” The delegates for the state of New York thereupon laid before Congress instructions3 which they had -
The United States and the Articles of Confederation: Drifting Toward Anarchy Or Inching Toward Commonwealth?*
The United States and the Articles of Confederation: Drifting Toward Anarchy or Inching Toward Commonwealth?* On June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee proposed to the Second Con- tinental Congress "[t]hat these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States," and "[t]hat a plan of confederation be prepared and transmitted to the respective Colonies for their con- sideration and approbation."' Lee's resolution reflected the linkage between independence and confederation in the public mind.2 The result was the Articles of Confederation, drafted in 1776-1777 and fi- nally ratified on March 1, 1781, which remained in effect until 1789 and represented the first American experiment with a written na- tional charter.3 The conventional view of this period is that it was dominated by deep factional conflict concerning the amount of power that should be vested in the national government. 4 The text of the Articles, ac- cording to this view, represented a victory for the group favoring minimal national authority, 5 and as a result the Articles government * The author acknowledges with gratitude the assistancc of Professor William E. Nelson of the Yale Law School in providing critical guidance and granting permission to make use of unpublished research materials. 1. 5 JOURNALS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 425 (W. Ford ed. 1906) [hereinafter cited without cross-reference as JOURNALS]. 2. See NEw JERSEY IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 1763-1783: A DOCUMENT.ARY HISTORY 402 (L. Gerlach ed. 1975) (issues of independence and confederation were inseparable) [hereinafter cited as DOCUIENTARY HISTORY]; cf. Jensen, The Articles of Confederation, in FUNDAMENTAL TESTAMENTS OF TilE AMERICAN RLvoI.UTIoN 62 (Library of Congress Sym- posium on the American Revolution 1973) (politicians who opposed confederation did so because they saw it as step toward independence) [hereinafter cited as Jensen, TESTA ENTS]. -
Notes and Documents
NOTES AND DOCUMENTS Thomas Paine's Response to Lord North's Speech on the British Peace Proposals Thomas Paine, whose book Common Sense proposed the formation of a "declaration for independence'* and stirred thousands to the cause of inde- pendence in 1776, supported the cause throughout the war effort with his American Crisis series of pamphlets and numerous newspaper publications. The newspapers played a crucial role in the American Revolution by supply- ing a war of words, which kept the colonists focused on their goal of inde- pendence. The printers had become active participants early in the war par- tially due to their anger at the British Stamp Act, which taxed newspapers.1 Writers, using multiple pseudonyms to mask their identities and produce an appearance of greater numbers, produced poems, essays, and letters for the newspapers to combat loyalists as well as the pernicious effects of fear and ignorance among the colonists.2 Paine's use of pseudonyms kept some of his newspaper contributions from being identified for many years. In 1951 A. Owen Aldridge identified a number of pieces, including an article written by Paine in York, Pennsyl- vania, on June 10,1778, and published in the Pennsylvania Gazette on June 13, 1778, signed "Common Sense," which had not been included in the published canon of Paine's writings.3 Similarly, it appears that Paine contrib- uted a letter and associated commentary in the April 25,1778, "Postscript" edition of the Pennsylvania Packet^ published in Lancaster, which has also been overlooked. Addressed to "R. L." and signed "T. P.," there is ample 1 Philip Davidson, Propaganda and the American Revolution 1763-1783 (Chapel Hill, 1941), 226. -
1046-The Declaration of Independence
THE DECLAR AT ION OF INDEP ENDENCE The First Newspaper Printing The Second Publication in Any Form The First to Closely Follow Thomas Jefferson’s Style SALE 1046 –TUES DAY,JUN E 25, 2013 ROBERT A. SIEGEL AUCTION GALLE RIES , INC. AND SETH KALL ER, INC. RARITIES OF THE WORLD TM The world’s rarest stamps and postal history Tuesday-Thursday, June 25-27, 2013 ßenjamin Franklin’s “B. Free Franklin” free frank as British colonial postmaster — Estimate $15,000-20,000 Collectors of autograph and manuscripts who wish to learn more about collecting rare stamps and postal history are welcome to call us at 212-753-6421 or go to siegelauctions.com/stamps Sale 1046 (Lots 101-102)—Tuesday, June 25, 2013, at 1:00 p.m. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE The First Newspaper Printing, the Second Publication in Any Form and the First to Closely Follow Thomas Jefferson’s Style Offered in collaboration with Seth Kaller, Inc. Live auction to be held at Siegel Auction Galleries, 60 East 56th Street (Park/Madison), 4th Floor, New York City Lots are sold subject to a 15% buyer’s premium and any applicable sales tax (or customs duty for non-U.S. buyers) AUCTION GALLERIES, INC. 60 EAST 56TH STREET, 4TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10022 Phone (212) 753-6421 • Fax (212) 753-6429 • E-mail: [email protected] Catalogues, internet bidding, resources, archives and the Siegel Encyclopedia at siegelauctions.com AUCTION GALLERIES, INC. 60 EAST 56TH STREET, 4TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10022 Phone (212) 753-6421 • Fax (212) 753-6429 • E-mail: [email protected] siegelauctions.com Scott R. -
Attendees at George Washington's Resignation of His Commission Old Senate Chamber, Maryland State House, December 23
Attendees at George Washington’s Resignation of his Commission Old Senate Chamber, Maryland State House, December 23, 1783 Compiled by the Maryland State Archives, February 2009 Known attendees: George Washington Thomas Mifflin, President of the Congress Charles Thomson, Secretary of the Congress Other known attendees: Members of the Governor and Council of Maryland. Specific members are not identified; full membership listed below Members of the government of the City of Annapolis. Specific members are not identified; full membership listed below Henry Harford, former Proprietor of Maryland Sir Robert Eden, former governor Those who attended who wrote about the ceremony in some detail: Dr. James McHenry, Congressman and former aide to Washington Mollie Ridout Dr. James Tilton, Congressman There was a “gallery full of ladies” (per Mollie Ridout), most of whom are unknown Members of the Maryland General Assembly The General Assembly was in Session on December 23, and both houses convened in the State House on December 22 and on December 23. It is difficult to identify specific individuals who were in the Senate Chamber GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF 1783 William Paca, governor November 3-December 26, 1783 SENATE WESTERN James McHenry EASTERN Edward Lloyd SHORE SHORE George Plater Daniel Carroll, Matthew John Cadwalader (E, president ' Tilghman Dcl) Thomas Stone Richard Barnes ' (DNS, R) Robert Goldsborough (DNS) (E, Charles Carroll of Benedict Edward Hall John Henry DNS) Carrollton, Samuel Hughes William Hindman William Perry (E) president ' John Smith Josiah Polk (DNS) HOUSE OF DELEGATES ST MARY'S John Dent, of John CECIL Nathan Hammond William Somerville BALTIMORE Archibald Job Thomas Ogle John DeButts Thomas Cockey Deye, Samuel Miller HARFORD Edmund Plowden speaker William Rowland Benjamin Bradford Norris Philip Key Charles Ridgely, of Benjamin Brevard John Love William KENT John Stevenson ANNAPOLIS John Taylor (DNS) Peregrine Lethrbury Charles Ridgely Allen Quynn Ignatius Wheeler, Jr. -
If You Seek Better Health Through Nutrition, and You Appreciate Cutting-Edge Have to Wait for Weeks to Was a Body Known As Congress
The sole governing authority presiding over the tumultuous John Locke and the events of the American Revolution between 1774 and 1789 Continental If you seek better health through nutrition, and you appreciate cutting-edge have to wait for weeks to was a body known as Congress. With no power to regulate philosophers. What culinary artistry, microgreens are the perfect addition to your kitchen. get an edible result. commerce or lay taxes, and with little ability to enforce any Jefferson did was to Microgreens are tiny, young leafy vegetables grown from seeds and harvested Because they are small and of its decisions, this group, representing the thirteen summarize this when they are only one to two inches tall. They’re not just cute and delicious; harvested in an immature colonies, declared independence, conducted a war that philosophy in “self- they also contain higher levels of essential nutrients than their full-grown state, you can easily grow them indoors. defeated one of the greatest military powers of its day, and evident truths” and set counterparts. Popular microgreen varieties include lettuce, radish, Chinese No Space? No Problem! invented a new political entity that became a sovereign forth a list of cabbage, spinach, mustard, kohlrabi, kale, beet, chard and various herbs. If you live in an apartment home with little or no outdoor space, growing independent nation. Its members pondered everything from grievances against the How to Use Your Microgreens microgreens indoors could become a fun, healthy and cost-effective hobby. All the rightness of independence to the number of flints King of Great Britain in Microgreens are perfect additions to healthy gourmet salads, but there are you need to get started are a few shallow containers, a sunny window or a needed by the armies–sometimes with the enemy not far order to justify before many other ways to use them. -
Ulster-Scots and the Declaration of Independence
Ulster-Scots and the Declaration of Independence US and Dec of Ind BK4 AW.indd 1 17/12/09 12:16:20 Ulster-Scots and the Declaration of Independence Ulster-Scots and the Declaration of Independence The influence of Ulster-Scots Presbyterians was heavily stamped on the American Declaration of Independence of July 4, 1776 and in the unfolding events which led to the establishment of the United States as a nation. The historic Declaration contained sentiments closely identified with the aspirations of the Presbyterian immigrant stock from the north of Ireland who settled in the American colonies during the 18th century. A significant assertion was: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator, with certain inalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness”. The 56 men from the 13 colonies who signed the Declaration were almost entirely of British family origin. Thirty eight were firmly established as being of English extraction, eight Irish (at least five of whom had direct Ulster family connections), five Welsh, four pure Scottish and one Swedish. One account from Ulster writer the Rev W. F. Marshall records the far-seeing contribution of the Scots- Irish (Ulster-Scots) in the struggle for American independence, with General George Washington reportedly stating: “If defeated everywhere else I will make my last stand for liberty among the Scotch-Irish of my native Virginia”. British Prime Minister at the time Horace Walpole was less flattering, with a jibe to King George 111 and the British Cabinet: “Cousin America has run off with a Presbyterian parson . -
Charters of Freedom - the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, the Bill of Rights
Charters of Freedom - The Declaration of Independence, The Constitution, The Bill of Rights Making of the Charters The Declaration The Constitution The Bill of Rights Impact of the Charters http://archives.gov/exhibits/charters/[3/13/2011 11:59:20 AM] Charters of Freedom - The Declaration of Independence, The Constitution, The Bill of Rights Making of the Charters The Declaration The Constitution The Bill of Rights Impact of the Charters When the last dutiful & humble petition from Congress received no other Answer than declaring us Rebels, and out of the King’s protection, I from that Moment look’d forward to a Revolution & Independence, as the only means of Salvation; and will risque the last Penny of my Fortune, & the last Drop of my Blood upon the Issue. In 1761, fifteen years before the United States of America burst onto the world stage with the Declaration of Independence, the American colonists were loyal British subjects who celebrated the coronation of their new King, George III. The colonies that stretched from present- day Maine to Georgia were distinctly English in character although they had been settled by Scots, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, Swedes, Finns, Africans, French, Germans, and Swiss, as well as English. As English men and women, the American colonists were heirs to the A Proclamation by the King for thirteenth-century English document, the Magna Carta, which Suppressing Rebellion and Sedition, established the principles that no one is above the law (not even the August 23, 1775 learn more... King), and that no one can take away certain rights. So in 1763, when the King began to assert his authority over the colonies to make them share the cost of the Seven Years' War England had just fought and won, the English colonists protested by invoking their rights as free men and loyal subjects. -
Golden Letters: James Wilson, the Declaration of Independence, and the Sussex Declaration
Golden Letters: James Wilson, the Declaration of Independence, and the Sussex Declaration Danielle Allen and Emily Sneff Final Draft (June 29, 2018) Forthcoming, Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy, January 2019 1 Golden Letters: James Wilson, the Declaration of Independence, and the Sussex Declaration Danielle Allen and Emily Sneff1 I. Introduction In Allen and Sneff (“The Sussex Declaration,” Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, fall 2018), we describe, analyze and date to the 1780s a previously unknown parchment manuscript of the Declaration of Independence, housed at the West Sussex Record Office in the United Kingdom and now known as the Sussex Declaration (figure 1). At 24” x 30.5” this parchment is on the same ornamental scale as the only other known contemporary manuscript of the Declaration of Independence on parchment, the engrossed parchment at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. (the “Matlack Declaration”), which was signed by the delegates to Continental Congress. In contrast, the Sussex Declaration lists the signatories, but with all the names written in the hand of a single clerk. Most importantly, the Sussex Declaration departs from all other 18th century preparations of the Declaration in dispensing with state-by-state groupings for the list of signatories; indeed, the only 19th century text that also dispenses with state-by-state groupings derives from the Sussex Declaration. This detail is the single-most anomalous feature of the Sussex Declaration. [Figure 1: Sussex Declaration] 1 We thank the West Sussex Record Office in Chichester, including Wendy Walker, Jenny Mason, Simon Hopkins and Frances Lansley (who passed away in 2016). -
June 20 Newsletter
ProjectProject LifesaverLifesaver NewsletterNewsletter || JuneJune 20202020 Project Lifesaver 2020 Conference Project Lifesaver is offering both remote and limited on-site attendance for this year's conference! In compliance with CDC and State of Florida COVID-19 guidelines, there is limited space available for on-site attendance. All attendees (both remote and on-site) must register in order to participate, so that we may accommodate accordingly. Check out the conference website for more details at the link below. We hope to see you there! https://projectlifesaver.org/conference/ Monday, August 31, 2020 10:00am – 10:30am Opening Ceremonies 10:30am – 10:50am U.S. Army Telemedicine Technology Research 10:50am - 10:55am Meet Our Ambassadors: Candi Spritz 10:55am – 11:40am Gary Barg, Fearless Caregivers & Caregiver Panel Discussion 11:40am – 11:55am "A Sports Legend's View" with Dale Neuburger 11:55am - 12:00pm Meet Our Ambassadors: Max Gail 12:00pm – 12:40pm Fireside Chat on "Sensory Inclusive Training for First Responders" with Dr. Julian Maha M.D, CO-Founder of KultureCity; & Noah Wyle, film, television, & theater actor 12:40pm - 12:45pm Meet Our Ambassadors: Haley Moss 12:45pm – 1:00pm Closing Comments & Review Tuesday, September 1, 2020 10:00am – 10:15am Opening Comments & Announcements 10:15am – 11:00am Panel Discussion on "The High Incidence of Dementia Among Native Americans" 11:00am – 11:15am North Dakota State Patrol Statewide Program 11:15am – 11:45am Technology Updates 11:45am – 12:45pm Keynote: Kim Campbell, Alzheimer's Advocate, Best-Selling Author, and widow of Grammy Hall of Fame Musician Glen Campbell 12:45pm – 1:00pm Closing Comments The Declaration of Independence The Ambassador's Column Ron Yeaw I. -
Image Credits__
BECOMING AMERICAN: The British Atlantic Colonies, 1690-1763 PRIMARY SOURCE COLLECTION Becoming American: The British Atlantic Colonies, 1690-1763 __Image Credits__ AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. Worcester, Massachusetts. WEBSITE Images in AAS collections retrieved in digital collection, Early American Imprints, Series I: Evans, 1639-1800, American Antiquarian Society in collaboration with Readex, a division of NewsBank. Items in chronological order. Reproduced by permission. Francis Makemie, A Narrative of a New and Unusual American Imprisonment of Two Presbyterian Ministers . , 1707, title page. #1300. Cotton Mather, Theopolis Americana, 1710, title page. #1469. Cotton Mather, A Man of Reason, 1718, title page, details. #1976. Benjamin Colman, Some Observations on the New Method of Receiving the Small Pox by Ingrafting or Inoculating, 1721, title page. #2211. William Cooper, A Letter to a Friend in the Country, Attempting a Solution of the Scruples . against the New Way of Receiving the Small Pox, 1721, title page. #2247. Jeremiah Dummer, A Defence of the New-England Charters, 1721, title page. #2216. Cotton Mather, Some Account of What Is Said of Innoculating or Transplanting the Small Pox, 1721, title page. #2206. John Williams, An Answer to a Late Pamphlet Intitled A Letter to a Friend in the Country . , 1722, title page. #2407. Benjamin Colman, God Deals with Us as Rational Creatures, 1723, title page, detail. #2421. James Allin, Thunder and Earthquake, A Loud and Awful Call to Reformation, 1727, title page, detail. #2833. Cotton Mather, The Terror of the Lord. Some Account of the Earthquake That Shook New- England . , 1727, title page, detail. #2919. Thomas Prince, Earthquakes the Works of God, and Tokens of His Just Displeasure, 1727 (1755 reprint), title page, detail. -
The American Revolution
CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED FORTY-FIVE The American Revolution WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue celebrates the publication of two new bibliographies by William Reese. The Revolutionary Hundred covers key works of the American Revolution from 1763 to 1783, and The Federal Hundred describes great printed works of the period from 1783 to the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. These two bibliographies are available for sale from us (see the last page of this catalogue for details). This catalogue is made up almost entirely of new material recently acquired. Most notable is a manuscript map of Yorktown from the collection of the Comte de Rochambeau, which would have been used by him at the fateful battle; and a re- markable letter from Thomas Jefferson to French second-in-command, the Marquis de Chastellux, about the 1783 peace treaty among other topics. Important atlases and maps by Jefferys, Le Rouge, Des Barres, Pownall, and Sayer and Bennet are included as well. There are many extremely rare political works including those by Thomas Paine, Journals of the Continental Congress, and important broadsides issued in the course of the Revolution. There are also many important laws from the colonies and states in the Revolutionary period, and important histories by Stedman, Fanning, Clinton, Weems, Godon, and others. q A portion of our stock may be viewed at www.williamreesecompany.com. If you would like to receive e-mail notification when catalogues and lists are uploaded, please e-mail us at [email protected] or send us a fax, specifying whether you would like to receive the notifications in lieu of or in addition to paper catalogues.