Chemical Alarm Signaling by Reticulate Sculpins, Cottus Perplexus
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Index INDEX Note: page numbers in italics refer to fi gures, those in bold refer to tables and boxes. abducens nerve 55 activity cycles 499–522 inhibition 485 absorption effi ciency 72 annual patterns 515, 516, 517–22 interactions 485–6 abyssal zone 393 circadian rhythms 505 prey 445 Acanthaster planci (Crown-of-Thorns Starfi sh) diel patterns 499, 500, 501–2, 503–4, reduction 484 579 504–7 aggressive mimicry 428, 432–3 Acanthocybium (Wahoo) 15 light-induced 499, 500, 501–2, 503–4, aggressive resemblance 425–6 Acanthodii 178, 179 505 aglomerular 52 Acanthomorpha 284–8, 289 lunar patterns 507–9 agnathans Acanthopterygii 291–325 seasonal 509–15 gills 59, 60 Atherinomorpha 293–6 semilunar patterns 507–9 osmoregulation 101, 102 characteristics 291–2 supra-annual patterns 515, 516, 517–22 phylogeny 202 distribution 349, 350 tidal patterns 506–7 ventilation 59, 60 jaws 291 see also migration see also hagfi shes; lampreys Mugilomorpha 292–3, 294 adaptive response 106 agnathous fi shes see jawless fi shes pelagic 405 adaptive zones 534 agonistic interactions 83–4, 485–8 Percomorpha 296–325 adenohypophysis 91, 92 chemically mediated 484 pharyngeal jaws 291 adenosine triphosphate (ATP) 57 sound production 461–2 phylogeny 292, 293, 294 adipose fi n 35 visual 479 spines 449, 450 adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 92 agricultural chemicals 605 Acanthothoraciformes 177 adrianichthyids 295 air breathing 60, 61–2, 62–4 acanthurids 318–19 adult fi shes 153, 154, 155–7 ammonia production 64, 100–1 Acanthuroidei 12, 318–19 death 156–7 amphibious 60 Acanthurus bahianus -
Does Gray Squirrel (Sciurus Carolinensis) Response to Heterospecific Alarm Calls Depend on Familiarity Or Acoustic Similarity?
Ethology RESEARCH PAPER Does Gray Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) Response to Heterospecific Alarm Calls Depend on Familiarity or Acoustic Similarity? Cynthia M. Getschow, Pearl Rivers, Samantha Sterman, David C. Lumpkin & Keith A. Tarvin Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, USA Correspondence Abstract Keith A. Tarvin, Department of Biology, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, In habitats in which multiple species are prey to the same predators, indi- Oberlin, OH 44074, USA. viduals can greatly benefit from recognizing information regarding preda- E-mail: [email protected] tors that is provided by other species. Past studies have demonstrated that various mammals respond to familiar heterospecific alarm calls, but Received: January 28, 2013 whether acoustic similarity to a familiar call can prompt a mammal’s Initial acceptance: May 14, 2013 recognition of an unfamiliar call has yet to be shown. We presented alarm Final acceptance: August 2, 2013 calls to free-ranging eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) and (D. Zeh) recorded behavioral changes in vigilance and antipredatory response. Playbacks included alarm calls of a sympatric bird (American robin, Turdus doi: 10.1111/eth.12145 migratorius), an allopatric bird with a call structure similar to that of the robin (common blackbird, Turdus merula), and an allopatric bird with a distinct call structure (New Holland honeyeater, Phylidonyris novaehollan- diae). Squirrels responded significantly more frequently to squirrel alarm calls (positive control) than to robin song (negative control) or honeyeater calls. Squirrel response to robin and blackbird alarm calls was statistically similar to their response to squirrel alarm calls, indicating that squirrels responded to those alarm calls as if they provided information about the presence of predators. -
Aspirating Smoke Detection APPLICATIONS GUIDE: ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTION Aspirating Smoke Detection
APPLICATIONS GUIDE Aspirating Smoke Detection APPLICATIONS GUIDE: ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTION Aspirating Smoke Detection Contents Aspirating Smoke Detection ...............................................................................3 Design Best Practices .......................................................................................21 Codes and Standards .......................................................................................4 More on Hot Aisle/ Cold Aisle Configurations .................................................22 Definitions ............................................................................................................4 Coordination and Interface with other Systems ..............................................26 United States Definitions and Requirements .....................................................4 Common Issues / Application Troubleshooting .............................................26 Requirements of SFD systems according to NFPA 72 .....................................4 Telecommunications .......................................................................................28 Requirements of EWFD systems according to NFPA 76 .................................4 Application Overview.........................................................................................28 Requirements of VEWFD systems according to NFPA 76 ...............................5 Benefits of Aspirating Smoke Detection ..........................................................29 European EN 54-20 Requirements -
CONDITIONED ALARM BEHAVIOR in FATHEAD MINNOWS (Pimephales Promelas) RESULTING from ASSOCIATION of CHEMICAL ALARM PHEROMONE with a NONBIOLOGICAL VISUAL STIMULUS
Journal of Chemical Ecology, Vol. 25, No. 12, 1999 CONDITIONED ALARM BEHAVIOR IN FATHEAD MINNOWS (Pimephales promelas) RESULTING FROM ASSOCIATION OF CHEMICAL ALARM PHEROMONE WITH A NONBIOLOGICAL VISUAL STIMULUS WARREN K. YUNKER, DAN E. WEIN, and BRIAN D. WISENDEN* Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9 (Received April 20, 1998; accepted July 31, 1999) Abstract—Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) adopt antipredator (alarm) behavior when they detect alarm pheromone released from an injured conspecific. This is an adaptive response since alarm pheromone is generally released only in the context of a predation event. Alarm reactions may also occur in response to chemical and visual stimuli that minnows learn to associate with release of alarm pheromone. Here, we tested if fathead minnows can learn to associate a nonbiological, visual stimulus with predation risk. Minnows were simultaneously exposed to red light and conspecific alarm pheromone, inducing an alarm reaction. When retested using red light alone, small shoals of minnows displayed an antipredator response: dashing movements and disorganized swimming followed by decreased height in the water column and increased shoal cohesion. This resulted from a single-trial exposure to the combined cues and demonstrates a robust ecological mechanism by which minnows learn to recognize indicators of predation risk that may vary in space and time. However, learning to associate risk with biologically irrelevant stimuli may be an ecological liability. How minnows discern between relevant and irrelevant stimuli in nature is not known. Key Words—Fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, alarm pheromone, Schreckstoff, learned recognition of predation risk, red light. * To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Biology, Moorhead State Univer- sity, 1104 7th St. -
Wednesday, March 14
Antipredator behavior Antipredator behavior Nonsocial species may rely on crypsis, aposematism or mimicry scorpionfish lonomia moth katydid Antipredator behavior Testing adaptations Nonsocial species may rely on We presume these are crypsis, aposematism or mimicry adaptations to predation, but how to be sure? against conspicuous background Catocala spp. Detection index Detection against cryptic background Müllerian mimicry: unpalatable species converge Batesian mimicry: palatable Trials mimic unpalatable model Testing adaptations What about the aposematic hindwings of Catocala spp.? Blue jays trained on: Then presented with: Result: Cryptic hindwings Aposematic hindwings Startled! Aposematic hindwings Aposematic hindwings Not startled Aposematic hindwings Different aposematic hindwings Startled! How does this affect hindwing coloration across the genus? 1 Scarlet kingsnake, Lampropeltis triangulum Eastern coral snake, Micrurus fulvius Scarlet kingsnake, Lampropeltis triangulum Eastern coral snake, Micrurus fulvius Non-venomous Highly venomous Hypothesis Bright coloration with striking Bright coloration with striking Kingsnakes are protected from predators banding patterns banding patterns because they mimic venomous coral snakes (red + black) (red + yellow) Kingsnakes ONLY Kingsnakes Coral snakes Coral snakes and Hypothesis Kingsnakes Kingsnakes are protected from predators because they mimic venomous coral snakes Scarlet kingsnake, Lampropeltis triangulum Eastern coral snake, Micrurus fulvius Scarlet kingsnake, Lampropeltis triangulum -
Multimodal Alarm Behavior in Urban and Rural Gray Squir-Rels Studied By
Current Zoology 56 (3): 313−326, 2010 Multimodal alarm behavior in urban and rural gray squir- rels studied by means of observation and a mechanical robot Sarah R. PARTAN*, Andrew G. FULMER, Maya A. M. GOUNARD, Jake E. REDMOND Hampshire College School of Cognitive Science, Amherst, MA 01002 Massachusetts, USA Abstract Urbanization of animal habitats has the potential to affect the natural communication systems of any species able to survive in the changed environment. Urban animals such as squirrels use multiple signal channels to communicate, but it is un- known how urbanization has affected these behaviors. Multimodal communication, involving more than one sensory modality, can be studied by use of biomimetic mechanical animal models that are designed to simulate the multimodal signals and be pre- sented to animal subjects in the field. In this way the responses to the various signal components can be compared and contrasted to determine whether the multimodal signal is made up of redundant or nonredundant components. In this study, we presented wild gray squirrels in relatively urban and relatively rural habitats in Western Massachusetts with a biomimetic squirrel model that produced tail flags and alarm barks in a variety of combinations. We found that the squirrels responded to each unimodal component on its own, the bark and tail flag, but they responded most to the complete multimodal signal, containing both the acoustic and the moving visual components, providing evidence that in this context the signal components are redundant and that their combination elicits multimodal enhancement. We expanded on the results of Partan et al. (2009) by providing data on sig- naling behavior in the presence and absence of conspecifics, suggesting that alarm signaling is more likely if conspecifics are present. -
Redalyc.Egg-Guarding Behavior of the Treehopper Ennya Chrysura
Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN: 0034-7744 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica Miranda, Ximena Egg-guarding behavior of the treehopper Ennya chrysura (Hemiptera: Membracidae): female aggregations, egg parasitism, and a possible substrate-borne alarm signal Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 64, núm. 3, septiembre, 2016, pp. 1209-1222 Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44946472023 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Egg-guarding behavior of the treehopper Ennya chrysura (Hemiptera: Membracidae): female aggregations, egg parasitism, and a possible substrate-borne alarm signal Ximena Miranda Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio, 2060 San José, Costa Rica; [email protected] Received 03-VI-2015. Corrected 09-II-2016. Accepted 09-III-2016. Abstract: Treehoppers are known for their substrate-borne communication and some of them also for their subsocial behavior. Following a more general study of the natural history and substrate-borne signal repertoire of the treehopper Ennya chrysura, the objective of this paper was to explore in greater depth the signals and other behaviors associated specifically to egg-guarding. Theese were studied both in natural and laboratory conditions between July, 2000 and March, 2004. The spatial distribution of egg guarding females was studied in the natural population; recording equipment and playback experiments were used in the laboratory and then analyzed digitally. -
Diversity and Phylogeny of Neotropical Electric Fishes (Gymnotiformes)
Name /sv04/24236_u11 12/08/04 03:33PM Plate # 0-Composite pg 360 # 1 13 Diversity and Phylogeny of Neotropical Electric Fishes (Gymnotiformes) James S. Albert and William G.R. Crampton 1. Introduction to Gymnotiform Diversity The evolutionary radiations of Neotropical electric fishes (Gymnotiformes) pro- vide unique materials for studies on the evolution of specialized sensory systems and the diversification of animals species in tropical ecosystems (Hopkins and Heiligenberg 1978; Heiligenberg 1980; Heiligenberg and Bastian 1986; Moller 1995a; Crampton 1998a; Stoddard 1999; Albert 2001, 2002). The teleost order Gymnotiformes is a clade of ostariophysan fishes most closely related to cat- fishes (Siluriformes), with which they share the presence of a passive electro- sensory system (Fink and Fink 1981, 1996; Finger 1986). Gymnotiformes also possess a combined electrogenic–electroreceptive system that is employed for both active electrolocation, the detection of nearby objects that distort the self- generated electric field, and also electrocommunication, the signaling of identity or behavioral states and intentions to other fishes (Carr and Maler 1986). Active electroreception allows gymnotiforms to communicate, navigate, forage, and ori- ent themselves relative to the substrate at night and in dark, sediment-laden waters, and contributes to their ecological success in Neotropical aquatic eco- systems (Crampton and Albert 2005). The species-specific electric signals of gymnotiform fishes allow investigations of behavior and ecology that are simply unavailable in other groups. Because these signals are used in both navigation and mate recognition (i.e., prezygotic reproductive isolation) they play central roles in the evolutionary diversification and ecological specialization of species, as well as the accumulation of species into local and regional assem- blages. -
In Praise of Fishes: Précis of What a Fish Knows (Balcombe 2016)
Balcombe, Jonathan (2016) In praise of fishes: Précis of What a fish knows (Balcombe 2016). Animal Sentience 8(1) DOI: 10.51291/2377-7478.1112 This article has appeared in the journal Animal Sentience, a peer-reviewed journal on animal cognition and feeling. It has been made open access, free for all, by WellBeing International and deposited in the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Animal Sentience 2016.095: Balcombe on Fishes Know [Editorial Note: Multiple invited reviews of this book will be appearing in upcoming issues of Animal Sentience, together with the author’s Response.] Multiple Book Review: Animal Sentience publishes multiple reviews of selected books whose Précis is published in the journal along with the reviews and the author’s response(s). Most of the multiple book reviews are invited individually by the Editor but freely submitted reviews of the selected books whose Précis has appeared can also be considered for publication: Please write to the editor to request a review copy. Books can also be nominated and reviewers can be proposed by writing to the Editor. Instructions: http://animalstudiesrepository.org/animsent/guidelines.html In praise of fishes Précis of What a fish knows (Balcombe 2016) Jonathan Balcombe Humane Society Institute for Science and Policy The Humane Society of the United States Abstract: Our relationship to fishes in the modern era is deeply problematic. We kill and consume more of them than any other group of vertebrates. At the same time, advances in our knowledge of fishes and their capabilities are gaining speed. -
Function of Note Strings in Japanese Tit Alarm Calls to the Common Cuckoo
Yu et al. Avian Res (2017) 8:22 DOI 10.1186/s40657-017-0080-7 Avian Research RESEARCH Open Access Function of note strings in Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Common Cuckoo: a playback experiment Jiangping Yu1, Weiwei Lv2, Hongwei Xu1, Nehafta Bibi1, Yangyang Yu1, Yunlei Jiang1,3, Wei Liang4 and Haitao Wang1,2* Abstract Background: Birds produce alarm calls to convey information about threats. Some Passerine alarm calls consist of several note strings, but few studies have examined their function. Previous studies have shown that Japanese Tits (Parus minor) can alter the calling rate and number and combination of notes in response to predators. We previously found the combinations of note types in Japanese Tit alarm calls to be signifcantly diferent in response to the Spar- rowhawk (Accipiter nisus) and Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus). Methods: Through playback experiments, we tested whether the note strings in Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Com- mon Cuckoo have diferent functions in conveying information. The note strings of selected alarm calls were divided into the categories of C and D, and diferent calls were then constructed separately based on the two note string categories. Original alarm calls (C–D), C calls and D calls were played back to male Japanese Tits during the incubation period. Results: Male Japanese Tits had a signifcantly stronger response to C calls than to C–D calls, and they showed a signifcantly stronger response to both C and C–D calls than to D calls, suggesting that Japanese Tits discriminated between the C and D calls. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the C- and D-category note strings of Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Common Cuckoo have diferent functions, which supports the previous fnding that diferent note strings in an alarm call can provide diferent information to receivers. -
12 Electroreception and Electrogenesis
2022_C012.fm Page 431 Tuesday, June 7, 2005 4:03 PM Electroreception and 12 Electrogenesis James S. Albert and William G.R. Crampton CONTENTS I. Introduction to Electroreception and Electrogenesis ........................................................432 II. Phylogeny of Electroreception and Electrogenesis...........................................................433 III. Passive Electroreception ....................................................................................................437 A. Electroreception and Mechanoreception: Vertebrate Laterosensory Systems..........438 B. Electroreception in Lampreys....................................................................................438 C. Electroreception in Gnathostomes.............................................................................439 1. Electroreception in Chondrichthyans ..................................................................439 2. Passive Electroreception in Electric Skates and Rays ........................................440 3. Nonteleost Bony Fishes.......................................................................................441 D. Electroreception in Teleosts ......................................................................................441 1. Passive Electroreception in Weakly Electrogenic Siluriformes..........................442 2. Transition from Electric Communication to Active Electroreception................442 IV. Active Electroreception......................................................................................................443 -
Heterospecific Alarm-Call Recognition in Two Warbler Hosts of Common Cuckoos Jiangping Yu, Hailin Lu, Wei Sun, Wei Liang, Haitao Wang, Anders Pape Møller
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archive Ouverte en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication Heterospecific alarm-call recognition in two warbler hosts of common cuckoos Jiangping Yu, Hailin Lu, Wei Sun, Wei Liang, Haitao Wang, Anders Pape Møller To cite this version: Jiangping Yu, Hailin Lu, Wei Sun, Wei Liang, Haitao Wang, et al.. Heterospecific alarm-call recogni- tion in two warbler hosts of common cuckoos. Animal Cognition, Springer Verlag (Germany), 2019, 22 (6), pp.1149-1157. 10.1007/s10071-019-01307-9. hal-02390276 HAL Id: hal-02390276 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02390276 Submitted on 3 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Animal Cognition (2019) 22:1149–1157 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-019-01307-9 ORIGINAL PAPER Heterospecifc alarm‑call recognition in two warbler hosts of common cuckoos Jiangping Yu1,2 · Hailin Lu1,3 · Wei Sun2 · Wei Liang4 · Haitao Wang1 · Anders Pape Møller5,6 Received: 6 May 2019 / Revised: 1 September 2019 / Accepted: 5 September 2019 / Published online: 10 September 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Species facing similar selection pressures should recognize heterospecifc alarm signals.