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2021 CDE School Bus, Multifunction, and Motor Coach Operator Guide

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2021 CDE School Bus, Multifunction, and Motor Coach Operator Guide 1 School Bus, Multifunction, and Motor Coach Operator Guide May 2021 SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION UNIT 201 East Colfax Avenue, Denver, CO 80203 303-866-6655/303-866-6656 [email protected] http://www.cde.state.co.us/transportation 2 3 Introduction The Colorado Department of Education (CDE) School Transportation Unit issued these guidelines to assist public school districts, charter schools, service providers and Boards of Cooperative Educational Services (BOCES) with developing policies and procedures for the safe transportation of students. These guidelines provide interpretations, suggestions, options, industry standards, best practices and ideas that are consistent with the Colorado Minimum Standards Governing School Transportation Vehicles, 1 CCR 301-25; the Colorado Rules for the Operation, Maintenance and Inspection of School Transportation Vehicles 1 CCR 301-26, which promote safe transportation integrity in school transportation departments. It is hoped that this publication will serve as a resource to assist transportation providers as they work toward compliance with legislation and regulations. Acknowledgements Colorado Department of Education School Transportation Unit Susan M. Miller Supervisor, School Transportation Unit [email protected] Colorado State Pupil Transportation Association (CSPTA) Trainer Committee http://www.cde.state.co.us/transportation 4 5 Table of Contents Introduction Unit 1 – Driver Role and Responsibility The Transportation Team Page 15 Laws, Rules, Regulations, Policy and Recommendations Page 17 The Professional School Bus Driver Page 19 Your Personal Pre-Trip Page 19 What is My Job? Page 20 Regulations CDE School Transportation Vehicle Operator Requirements 1 CCR 301-26 Page 21 Pre-trip/Post-trip Vehicle Inspections Page 23 Other Important information Page 24 Emergency Evacuation Drills Page 26 FMCSA – Mobile Phone Restriction Rules Page 26 Colorado Texting Law Page 27 Unit 2 – District/Charter and Service Provider Responsibilities – Regulations District/charter and Service Provider Requirements Page 29 CDL Overview Page 31 Medical Documentation Requirements Page 34 Self-Certification Choices Page 34 Driver Licensing Requirements Page 35 Drug and Alcohol Regulations (FMCSA) Page 36 Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse (FMCSA) Page 38 FMCSA- Mobile Phone Restriction Rules Page 38 Colorado Texting Law Page 39 Unit 3 – Vehicle Familiarization What is a School Transportation Vehicle? Page 41 What is a School Bus? Page 41 What is a Small Vehicle? Page 42 6 What is a Multifunction Bus? Page 42 What is a Motor Coach? Page 42 Length Page 42 Width Page 43 Height Page 43 Characteristics/School Bus Vehicle Type Page 44 Blind Spots and Danger Zones Page 45 Mirror Laws/Guidelines for Mirror Adjustments Page 47 Unit 4 - Vehicle Inspections Why Should I Perform Inspections? Page 49 Model Traffic Code for Colorado Page 49 CDE Regulation for Pre-trip/Post-trip Vehicle Inspections Page 50 Department of Revenue – Commercial Driver’s License Page 50 Safety of Passengers Page 50 Prevent Breakdowns Page 51 Reduce Delays Page 51 Prolong Vehicle Life Page 51 Types of Vehicle Inspections Page 52 Preventative Maintenance Page 53 School Transportation Assistance Review Vehicle Inspection (STAR) Page 54 Unit 5 – Vehicle Operations Standard Operating Procedures Page 57 Starting the Engine Page 57 Shifting an Automatic Transmission Page 58 Shifting a Standard Transmission Page 58 Safety Restraints and Safety Belt Use Page 60 7 Prohibition against tobacco/controlled substances Page 61 Food and Drink Page 62 Who and how many can ride on the school bus? Page 63 School Bus Seat Capacity Position Paper 1999 Page 63 Use of Hazard Warning Lights Page 64 Strobe Lights Page 65 Basic Speed Law Page 65 Speed Limit when not posted Page 67 Reduced Speed Zones Page 67 Commercial Driver Manual Page 68 Right Turn Page 68 Left Turn Page 69 Crossing Intersections Page 71 Lane Use and Position on the Roadway Page 71 Changing Lanes Page 71 Turning Around Page 72 Executing a Back-Up Turnaround Page 72 Backing in a Straight-Line Page 72 Following Distances Page 73 Heavy Vehicle Formula Page 73 Managing Your Space Page 74 Turns Page 75 Starting and Stopping on a Hill Page 77 Standard Transmission Page 74 Stopping on a hill (upgrade) Page 74 Starting on a hill (upgrade) Page 74 Stopping on a hill (downgrade) Page 74 8 Automatic Transmission Page 78 Stopping on a hill (upgrade) Page 78 Starting on a hill (upgrade) Page 78 Stopping on a hill (downgrade) Page 78 Overtaking and Passing Page 78 Roundabouts Page 79 Stopping and Parking the Vehicle Page 80 Railroad Crossing Procedures Page 81 Light Rail Track Crossing Procedures Page 82 Six Major Causes of car collisions and crashes Page 83 The Three A’s of Defensive Driving Page 84 A Defensive Driver Has These Five Characteristics Page 84 Basic Rules of Defensive Driving Page 86 On the Road Page 87 Highway Signs Page 88 Right- of-Way Page 89 42-4-108 C.R.S. Public officers to obey provisions - exceptions for Emergency vehicles. Page 89 42-4-224, 5 (b) C.R.S. Horns or warning devices (excerpt) Page 90 Vision Page 91 Hazards of the Road Page 92 Communicating Page 95 Emergencies Page 96 Steering to Avoid a Crash Page 97 Stopping Quickly and Safely Page 97 Tire Failure Page 98 Managing Space Page 99 Space Ahead Page 99 Space Behind Page 100 Space to the Sides Page 100 Space Overhead Page 101 9 Space Below Page 101 Controlling Speed Page 101 Proper Braking Techniques Page 103 Driving at Night Page 104 Unit 6 – Adverse and Mountain Driving Wind Page 107 Tornados Page 107 Microbursts and Macro Bursts Page 108 Lightning Page 108 Water on Roadways Page 108 Slippery Surfaces Page 109 Skids Page 110 Winter Driving Page 111 Reduced Visibility Page 112 Mountain Driving Page 113 Target Speed Page 113 Maintaining Control Page 113 Engine Compression/Transmission Page 114 Retarder Page 114 Types of Retarders Page 114 Electromagnetic Page 114 Hydraulic Page 115 Engine/Exhaust Brakes Page 115 Service Brakes Page 116 Pass Checks Page 117 Pullouts Page 117 Pitch and Grade Page 117 Curves Page 117 10 Pitch and Grade Page 117 Speed Page 118 Lane Position Page 118 Overhead Page 118 Chains Page 118 Automatic Chains Page 119 Conventional Chains Page 119 Chaining Steps Page 120 Removal Steps Page 121 Additional Tips Page 121 CDOT Fact Sheet – Traction Law and Passenger Vehicle Chain Law Page 121 Delineators Page 122 Emergency Stops Page 124 Every Which Way Simulation Page 124 Full Four-Wheel Lock Simulation Page 124 Retarder Stop Simulation Page 124 Park Brake Simulation Page 124 Ride-It-Out Simulation Page 124 Escape Ramps Page 125 Destination Pre-Trip Page 125 Crashes Page 125 Other Motorists/Bicycles Page 126 Passenger Well-Being Page 126 Driver Care Page 127 Unit 7 – Safety Equipment Crashes Page 129 Emergency Vehicles Page 129 Emergency Equipment Page 130 11 Emergency Triangles Page 130 Fire Extinguisher Page 134 Contents of First Aid Kid/Body Fluid Cleanup Kits Page 135 Emergency Procedures Page 137 Mechanical Failure/Breakdown Procedure Page 137 Crash Procedures Page 138 Unit 8 Evacuations School Bus Emergency Evacuations Page 141 General Procedures for Evacuations Page 142 Front door Evacuation Page 142 Rear Door Evacuation Page 143 Front and Rear Doors (Combined) Page 144 Side Door Evacuation Page 144 Side and Front Doors Page 144 Students with Special Needs Page 145 Emergency Evacuation Drills Required Page 145 Unit 9 – Transporting Students Loading and Unloading Procedures Page 147 Proper uses of the alternately flashing red lights Page 147 Improper uses of the alternately flashing red lights Page 147 Route Planning 1 CCR 301-26 Page 148 Section 42-4-1903 -School buses – stops-signs-passing Page 151 Section 42-4-1904 Regulations for school buses – regulation on discharge of Passengers – penalty- exception Page 154 Loading Procedure Steps Page 155 At the Bus Stop Page 157 Unloading Procedure Steps Page 158 Stop Arm Violators Page 159 12 Report Route Hazards Page 160 Field/Activity Trips Page 161 New Trip Driver Training Page 161 Storage of large and oversized equipment Page 162 Resources for the Trip Page 170 Roadway vs. Highway Page 172 School Bus Loading Stops Not Crossing the Road - Paved with paved shoulder Page 173 Not Crossing the Road – Paved without a shoulder Page 174 Not Crossing the Road – Dirt road without a shoulder Page 175 Crossing the Road – Paved without a shoulder Page 176 Crossing the Road – Paved with paved shoulder Page 177 Crossing the Road – Dirt road without a shoulder Page 178 Prohibited Stops – More than 2 lanes Page 179 Prohibited Stops – Median Page 180 Unit 10 – Student Management The Role of the Schools Page 181 The Role of the Transportation Department Personnel Page 182 The Role of Students and Parents Page 184 The Role of the General Public Page 184 Student Safety and Behavior Rules Page 184 Reporting Unacceptable Behavior Page 187 Take Control of Passengers Page 189 Unit 11 – Activity Trips Route Planning Page 191 The Chaperone/Sponsor Responsibilities Page 193 13 Behavior Problems and Concerns Page 193 Unit 12 - Addendum Certification of Receipt and Understanding Page 195 School Transportation Vehicle (School Bus) STU-9 Page 197 Colorado Rules for the Operation, Maintenance and Inspection of School Transportation Vehicles Page 201 License and Training Matrix Page 221 14 15 Unit One – Driver Role and Responsibility Do you remember one of your school bus drivers by name? Interesting how many of us can recall their names isn’t it? School bus drivers have had significant impact and influence in many of our lives during our adolescent years and you may not have recognized it until this very minute. Learning to drive a vehicle the size of a school bus is an extremely difficult task, involving knowledge of related information, visual skills, judgments, decisions, and accurate responses.
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