World War I-Results (1919) You Mean the War Ended in a Royal Palace in France?

FCPS World II SOL Standards: WHII 10a and 10b World War I-Results (1919) You Mean the War Ended in a Royal Palace in France?

The Fighting Stops 2Q1RYHPEHUDW$0WKH¿JKWLQJRI World War I stopped. Over 16 million people had been killed. Almost $200 billion dollars had been VSHQW0XFKRIWKH¿JKWLQJRQWKH:HVWHUQ)URQW was in France, and it had destroyed homes, EXVLQHVVHVIDUPODQGDQGHQWLUHWRZQV7KH 5XVVLDQ$XVWUR+XQJDULDQDQG2WWRPDQ(PSLUHV KDGIDOOHQ7KH$OOLHG3RZHUV¶UHSUHVHQWDWLYHVIURP Britain, France, the United States, and Italy met at WKH3DODFHRI9HUVDLOOHVLQ)UDQFHWRGHFLGHZKDW ZRXOGKDSSHQQH[W7KH)UHQFKUHSUHVHQWDWLYHZDV YHU\DQJU\DW*HUPDQ\DQGZDQWHGUHYHQJH2Q WKHRWKHUKDQG3UHVLGHQW:RRGURZ:LOVRQRIWKH United States hoped to establish permanent peace, and that World War I would be “the war to end all ZDUV´3RSXODWLRQVIURPWKH$OOLHV¶FRORQLHVKRSHG Versailles Peace Conference. President Wilson is on the right. WKH\ZRXOGEHJLYHQLQGHSHQGHQFH Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles#mediaviewer/File:Big_four.jpg

Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the League of Nations :LOVRQ¶VSODQIRUWKHHQGRI:RUOG:DU,ZDVFDOOHGWKHFourteen Points. Each point was a step that, he hoped, would HQGFRQÀLFWVDQGSUHYHQWIXWXUHZDUV7KHVHSRLQWVLQFOXGHGWKHHQGRIVHFUHWDOOLDQFHVIUHHGRPRIWKHVHDVDQG LQGHSHQGHQFHIRUFRORQLHV7KLVJDYHKRSHWRFRORQLHVOLNH,QGLDDQG9LHWQDPWKDWKDGKHOSHGWKHLUFRORQLDO masters to win the war. :LOVRQ¶V¿QDOSRLQWZDVDOVRKLVPRVWLPSRUWDQWWKHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRID League of Nations7KH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQVZRXOGEHDQinternational cooperative organizationDJURXSRIQDWLRQVZRUNLQJWRJHWKHUWRNHHS SHDFH:LOVRQKRSHGWKDWFRXQWULHVZRXOGVHWWOHWKHLUFRQÀLFWVE\ QHJRWLDWLQJLQWKH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQVLQVWHDGRI¿JKWLQJHDFKRWKHU

The Treaty of Versailles ,QWKHHQG:RRGURZ:LOVRQ¶V)RXUWHHQ3RLQWVZHUHODUJHO\LJQRUHG7KH Treaty of VersaillesWUHDWHG*HUPDQ\YHU\KDUVKO\*HUPDQ\ZDVIRUFHG WRVLJQD³war guilt clause´VD\LQJWKDWWKHZDUZDV*HUPDQ\¶VIDXOW *HUPDQ\ZRXOGKDYHWRSD\UHSDUDWLRQVWRWKH$OOLHG3RZHUVWRKHOSUHSDLU WKHGDPDJHGRQHE\WKHZDU7KHVHreparationsFULSSOHGWKH*HUPDQ HFRQRP\7KHVL]HRI*HUPDQ\¶VPLOLWDU\ZDVDOVRJUHDWO\UHGXFHGWR SUHYHQWLWIURPVWDUWLQJPRUHZDUV7HUULWRULHVDQGFRORQLHVFRQWUROOHG E\*HUPDQ\ZHUHJLYHQWR%ULWDLQDQG)UDQFH Blocking the Way! 7KHRQO\RQHRI:LOVRQ¶V)RXUWHHQ3RLQWVDGRSWHGLQWKH7UHDW\RI9HUVDLOOHV Source: http://hti.osu.edu/sites/hti.osu.edu/files/styles/raw-image/ public/14Points_39.jpg?itok=qN1Z0pba ZDVWKH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQV)RUW\WZRQDWLRQVMRLQHGLQLWLDOO\EXWWKH8QLWHG 6WDWHVUHIXVHGWRMRLQ7KH866HQDWHZKLFKKDGWRDJUHHWRMRLQWKH/HDJXHUHMHFWHGPHPEHUVKLS,QDGGLWLRQWR WKHDEVHQFHRIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVWKH/HDJXHZDVZHDNEHFDXVHLWKDGQRSRZHUWRHQIRUFHLWVGHFLVLRQVRUDFWZLWK PLOLWDU\IRUFH

The Mandate System 6KRUWO\DIWHULWZDVHVWDEOLVKHGWKH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQVFUHDWHGWKH Mandate System.7KLVV\VWHPGLYLGHGXSWKHWHUULWRULHVRIWKHIDOOHQ &HQWUDO3RZHUVDQGZHUHJLYHQFRQWUROWRWKH$OOLHV VHHPDS )RU H[DPSOHWKH2WWRPDQ(PSLUHZDVVHFWLRQHGRIIEHWZHHQ%ULWDLQDQG )UDQFH%ULWDLQWRRNFRQWURORI,UDT7UDQVMRUGDQDQG3DOHVWLQH)UDQFH WRRNFRQWURORI6\ULDDQG/HEDQRQ7KHVWDWHGJRDORIWKH0DQGDWH System was that Britain and France would prepare these territories to UXOHWKHPVHOYHV2WKHUPDQGDWHVZHUHFUHDWHGLQ$IULFDDQG$VLD 7KHPDMRULW\RIWKHFRXQWULHVLQWKHPDQGDWHV\VWHPZRXOGJDLQWKHLU LQGHSHQGHQFHGXULQJWKHVHFRQGKDOIRIWKHWKFHQWXU\

Key Vocabulary War guilt clause: WKHVHFWLRQRIWKH7UHDW\RI League of Nations: An international Fourteen Points: President Woodrow 9HUVDLOOHVWKDW*HUPDQ\KDGWRVLJQDGPLWWLQJ FRRSHUDWLYHRUJDQL]DWLRQZKHUHUHSUHVHQWDWLYHV :LOVRQ¶VIRXUWHHQSDUWSODQIRUHQGLQJ:RUOG WKDW:RUOG:DU,ZDVWKHLUIDXOW RIFRXQWULHVZRXOGPHHWWRSUHYHQWZDUVRQHRI :RRGURZ:LOVRQ¶V)RXUWHHQ3RLQW :DU,SHDFHIXOO\DQGSUHYHQWLQJIXWXUHZDUV Reparations:SD\PHQWVIRUGDPDJHVWKDWRFFXU Mandate System:GLYLVLRQRIIRUPHU GXULQJDZDUXVXDOO\SDLGE\WKHORVLQJVLGH International cooperative organization: DQDOOLDQFHRIPDQ\GLIIHUHQWFRXQWULHVZRUNLQJ Ottoman territories between Britain and Treaty of Versailles: the treaty that ended WRJHWKHUWRUHDFKDFRPPRQJRDO )UDQFHGHYHORSHGE\WKH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQV :RUOG:DU,,WEODPHGDQGSXQLVKHG*HUPDQ\ IRUWKHZDUDQGFUHDWHGWKH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQV

Quick Review 1. Which of Wilson’s Fourteen Points was the most important? 2. In the political cartoon, Germany is crushed $(QGLQJVHFUHWDOOLDQFHV under World War I reparations. %$OORZLQJIUHHGRPRIWKHVHDV What does the cartoon suggest? &*UDQWLQJLQGHSHQGHQFHWRDOOFRORQLHV $7KHUHSDUDWLRQVZHUHMXVW '&UHDWLQJD/HDJXHRI1DWLRQV B. France demanded reparations. &7KH/HDJXHRI1DWLRQVGHFLGHG the reparations amount. '*HUPDQ\ZRXOGQRWEHDEOHWR pay the reparations.

Source: New York World, 1921 Source: http://rulersandleaders.com/pol_cartoons/pc_NYWorld_reparations.htm

3. According to the map of the Mandate System, which 4. Do you think the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany? mandate is INCORRECTLY matched? Why or why not? Use at least two vocabulary terms in your answer. $7UDQVMRUGDQĺFrance %,UDTĺBritain C. Lebanon ĺFrance D. Palestine ĺBritain

Connection to Today Resources What treaties do you know that exist today? Are the treaties economic, ABC-CLIO PLOLWDU\HQYLURQPHQWDORUSROLWLFDOWUHDWLHV":KRVLJQHGWKHP"$UH Ɣ3DULV3HDFH&RQIHUHQFH WKH\EHLQJHQIRUFHG" http://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/ 'LVSOD\"WHUPV WUHDW\RIYHUVDLOOHV Marshall Cavendish Ɣ,QGLDWKH0LGGOH(DVWDQG&KLQDDIWHU KWWSZZZPDUVKDOOFDYHQGLVKGLJLWDOFRPDUWLFOHGLVSOD\UH- sult/27/6269/64036