Solid Waste Leader and Innovator in Solid Waste St

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Solid Waste Leader and Innovator in Solid Waste St. Louis Park has continued to expand efforts to promote Solid waste includes garbage, recyclable materials, organic waste reduction and reuse and increase the materials materials, yard waste, appliances, bulk waste and other collected for recycling, including: solid waste from residences or commercial properties. »» Being an early adopter of organics collection when it Disposal of this enormous amount of waste has the added residential curbside service in 2013 and organics potential to negatively impact the environment and public drop-sites for multifamily residents in 2017. health. Waste reduction, reuse and recycling practices »» Adopting a Zero Waste Packaging ordinance to reduce hold the greatest potential to reduce the amount of waste waste generated by food and beverage containers sold being disposed. St. Louis Park is committed to helping its in restaurants and other food establishments. residents reduce waste and increase recycling. »» Adding events to promote the reuse of clothing, Management of solid waste involves the collection, gardening supplies and building materials. transport, recycling or disposal of waste materials in an »» Expanding the types of materials collected for recycling effort to reduce their effect on public health and protect at annual cleanup events. public safety and the environment. The Minnesota State »» Contracting for residential curbside collection of textiles Legislature has set an aggressive recycling goal of reaching and small household goods. 75% recycling by 2030. The city has placed growing »» Being the first city in the state to set a minimum emphasis on reducing the amount of solid waste generated capacity requirement for recycling in multifamily by the city by implementing programs and activities that buildings support reuse, recycling and organics and yard waste Single-stream Recycling composting. In 2013 the city’s residential recycling program made the Where We Have Been switch to single-stream recycling. This program allows residents to commingle their recyclable paper, bottles and History of Solid Waste Program cans in a wheeled cart. Previously the city used dual-stream »» 1940s- City began contracting for garbage collection recycling, where cans and bottles were collected separately service for single family homes. from papers in plastic totes. This change to single-stream »» 1982 – Curbside recycling pilot began with 2,200 recycling followed an industry trend to switch because of participating households. improved technology at the material recovery facilities »» 1984- Citywide recycling program implemented for (MRF) that accept, sort and market recyclable material. The single family homes. change brought about several benefits, including allowing »» 1997 – City began the organized collection process for the city to switch to every-other-week recycling collection, solid waste collection services. reducing collection truck traffic, idling and wear and tear on »» 2008- City expanded the curbside program to allow city streets. Placing recyclables in lidded carts also greatly smaller businesses and multifamily residential buildings reduced litter. to participate in the program if their waste could be handled with garbage carts and recycling bins. Organics »» 2013- City rolled out a residential curbside organics The city implemented a curbside residential organics program for the collection of food scraps and other program at the end of 2013 for the collection of food compostable material, and also switched to a single- scraps, papers such as tissues and paper towels, and stream recycling program, which allows cans, bottles certified-compostable food and beverage containers. and paper to be comingled in a single cart. Initially there was an additional fee to participate. However in 2017 it was included in the solid waste rates and participation doubled from 15% in December 2016 to 30% in November 2017. Figure 4-20 shows organics participation by neighborhood.

4-97 | Environmental Stewardship Figure 4-20. Organics Participation by Neighborhood (Jan 2018)

Organics Participation by Neighborhood Shelard Park SF: 0 January 2018 OC: 0 169 0% 394

WAYZATA BLVD

GENERAL MILLS BLVD WAYZATA BLVD

394

13TH LN W Westdale 13TH LN W ZARTHAN AVE S M 13 1/2 ST W

E R SF: 107 14TH ST W 14TH ST W Kilmer Pond V

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A H UTICA AVE S AVE UTICA V R OC: 26 A SF: 247 SAVE DAKOTA W

E U K T D S 16TH ST W SF: 315 I S T

S SF: 516 P H

A TEXAS CIR T 100 E L 16 H V 16TH ST W A

24% A C

OC: 65 A 16TH ST W

V A

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S E OC: 150 B

K MORELA N T N L WES I

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FORDRD W SAVE DAKOTA R Westwood Hills AVE S BLACKSTONE

view T AVE SMARYLAND K S SF: 63 E R RD H 18T COLORADOAVE S OC: 24 W SF: 328 S AVE PENNSYLVANIA FRANKLIN AVE W F VE SF: 69 HAMPSHIRE AVE S RANKLIN A OC: 13 FRAN KLIN AVE W PARKDALE DR W 25%

UTAH AVE S

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FLAG AVE S AVE FLAG VIRGINIA CIR N 2 HAMPSHIRE AVE S AVE HAMPSHIRE

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A O 27TH ST W S AVE PRINCETON V XYL SF: 996 OC: 203 OC: 163 E S CEDAR LAKE AVE VICTORIA WAY Texa Tonka Fern Hill 28% 28TH ST W OC: 297 30% OTTAWA PL

A SF: 1030 S AVE INGLEWOOD Q SF: 490 28TH ST W U 30% 28TH ST W IL A OC: 344 A OC: 125

V 29TH ST W S AVE UTICA KENTUCKY AVE S AVE KENTUCKY E S AVE ALABAMA 28TH ST W S AVE TOLEDO

QUENTIN AVE S AVE QUENTIN

BRUNSWICK AVE S AVE BRUNSWICK

BLACKSTONE AVE S AVE BLACKSTONE COLORADO AVE S AVE COLORADO

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VERNON AVE S AVE VERNON 29TH ST W S AVE SUMTER 26% SALEM AVE S AVE SALEM 29TH ST W

RALEIGH AVE S AVE RALEIGH ZARTHAN AVE S AVE ZARTHAN

WEBSTER AVE S AVE WEBSTER

XENWOOD AVE S AVE XENWOOD YOSEMITE AVE S AVE YOSEMITE S

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S 32 1/2 ST W SF: 861 A N SF: 493 A L S AVE RALEIGH OC: 31 C A I L I T OC: 286 33RD ST W U U

Q OC: 159

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HAMILTON ST AQUILA AVE S AVE AQUILA 100 Wolfe Park

33% S AVE ZINRAN 35TH ST W 35TH ST W REPUBLIC AVE 19% SUMTER AVE S AVE SUMTER 35TH ST W SF: 118 AQUILA CIR S CAMERATA WAY 35TH ST W

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3 W OC: 92 CAMBRIDGE ST 32% Minikahda Vista TEXAS AVE S AVE TEXAS ST KE PARK COMMONS DR LA 30% OXFORD ST PRINCETON AVE S SF: 821 39TH ST W KIPLING AVE S AVE KIPLING S VALLACHER AVE

E EXCELSIOR BLVD 39TH ST W OC: 310 LYNN AVE S AVE LYNN

V EDGEBROOK DR Brooklawns A

LOUISIANA AVE S Meadowbrook S 40TH ST W 38%

SF: 164 E

ALABAMA AVE S AVE ALABAMA

XENWOOD AVE S AVE XENWOOD SF: 0 W POWELL RD 40TH LN W

OC: 48 S AVE YOSEMITE OC: 0 QUENTIN AVE S WOODDALE AVE 29% WE

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COLORADO AVE S AVE COLORADO OC: 91 SF: 174 42ND ST W MEAD OW 28% Browndale B R OC: 58 O O

K SF: 552 B VERMONT ST 33% L V D OC: 182 43 1/2 ST W VERNON AVE S AVE VERNON WOOD LN 33%

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44TH ST W

Date: August 3, 2017 O:\Geo\Projects\Pbwks\SolidWaste\Organics\OrganicsCustomers20170726/CustomersPerNeighborhood.pdf

SF: Single-family homes with city solid waste services OC: Homes with organics service. %: Percent of households participating

4-98 | Environmental Stewardship Guidance and Goals from Hennepin County The current 2017-2020 SCORE funding policy will continue to fund city recycling programs, but will gradually shift to St. Louis Park works with Hennepin County to reach support organics. The collection of food scraps and other recycling goals set by the Minnesota State Legislature. organic material for composting has been identified as The city works regularly with the county to standardize the greatest opportunity to reduce trash coming from educational messages and provide feedback to the County households in the city. In 2017, 20 percent of funding was on its Solid Waste Management Master Plan. allocated to organics programs. By 2020, half of the funding Program Funding will be dedicated to supporting organics. The Select Committee on Recycling and the Environment (SCORE) was established by Governor Perpich to provide Where We Are Today a funding source for solid waste programs throughout Collection System Minnesota. SCORE funds are derived from a state tax on residential and commercial garbage collection and Residential Solid Waste History disposal fees, set at 9.75% and 17% respectively. These The city has organized collection through contracts with funds are distributed to counties for solid waste programs, private haulers for residential collection of garbage, particularly recycling collection. Since 1988 the city has recycling, organics and yard waste for single family homes received annual grants from Hennepin County as an aid through four-unit residences. in supporting the residential curbside recycling program Figure 4-21 shows that the amount of garbage collected that serves all single family through four-unit residential through the city’s residential solid waste program over the structures. The County’s share of SCORE funds is divided past ten years has decreased by 2%. During that same time between cities on a proportional basis by the number of frame the residential recycling rate has grown by one-third households. of one percent as a result of adding the organics program in 2013, which provides for the collection of food scraps for composting.

Figure 4-21. Comparison between Garbage & Recycling Generation (pounds per household per year)

Recycling & Organics

4-99 | Environmental Stewardship The reduction in traditional recycling of cans, bottles, paper, Organics drop-sites for residents of and boxes is due to the fact that solid waste is tracked by multifamily buildings weight. Recyclables in general are now manufactured with In July 2017, the city piloted an organics drop-site program fewer and lighter materials. For example, products that for residents living in multifamily buildings. The program were once packaged in heavier glass bottles and jars have was successful and became permanent in October 2017. switched to lightweight pouches or cartons. Also, changes Residents of apartments, condominiums and townhomes in consumer behavior, such as the switch from newspapers without city collection service can drop off organics at one to online news have affected recycling rates. of the collection sites around the city. The organics and expanded recycling programs have helped to reduce the total amount of garbage from 10,000 tons in Disposal 2000 to 7,425 tons in 2017 (Table 4-29). Where does the garbage go? Approximately one-half of all residential solid waste generated in St. Louis Park is recycled or composted. The Table 4-29. Annual generation by ton for material remaining garbage is either incinerated or put in landfills. collected through the city’s Residential Solid Waste There are no active landfills in St. Louis Park, but several old Program landfill sites are within its boundaries. GARBAGE RECYCLING YEAR ORGANICS (TONS) St. Louis Park’s residential garbage goes to the Hennepin (TONS) (TONS) Energy Recovery Center (HERC), a waste-to-energy facility. 2000 10,004 4,033 0 The HERC burns garbage and uses the heat to produce 2007 9,300 3,861 0 steam. The steam is used to generate electricity, which is 2017 7,425 3,510 476 sold to Xcel Energy, and powers 25,000 homes each year. In addition, HERC provides steam for heating and cooling to the downtown Minneapolis district energy system and In addition, recycling, organics and yard waste now account Target Field. HERC also reclaims 11,000 tons of ferrous for approximately 51% of the total waste generated, which metal from garbage each year. Bulk items that cannot be represents an improvement over the figure of 43% from recycled or burned are put in landfills. ten years earlier. Where do the recyclables go? Textile Recycling Recyclables collected through the city’s program are A surprising amount of textiles are thrown in the trash delivered to Waste Management’s Recycle America each year. In addition to encouraging donations to the material recovery facility (MRF) where they are sorted, local charities and holding clothing swaps, the city provides baled and marketed for recycling in Minnesota, the curbside collection of textiles and small home goods for United States and internationally. Textiles and small home reuse and recycling. The current program began in 2017 goods collected through the textile recycling program are when the city entered into a contract with Simple Recycling. delivered to a consolidation facility in Michigan where the Yard waste collection and brush site material is sold, with approximately 20% going to thrift organizations, 50% going to be recycled as rag, absorbents, Yard waste, such as leaves, grass clippings, branches, brush, and insulation, 25% is exported as secondhand clothing and and garden waste, are collected separately from garbage about 5% is identified as unusable and unrecyclable. through the residential solid waste program (it has been illegal to put yard waste in the trash since 1992). Yard waste collected in bags must be placed in either paper or certified compostable plastic bags. The city’s brush site became available to residents in 2013 for discarding branches, brush or logs that were too big for pickup through the residential collection program. The city also provides free compost, mulch and screened black dirt to residents at the site.

4-100 | Environmental Stewardship Where do the organics and yard waste go? Commercial Recycling Organics and yard waste collected through the city’s In 2018, the city adopted the state law into city code for program are delivered to Specialized Environmental recycling at existing commercial buildings. More specific Technologies’ (SET) facilities in the Twin Cities metro for requirements were also set for new construction, including composting. Organics are composted at SET’s commercial the requirement that any building with a licensed food composting facility in Dakota County. Yard waste is establishment will be required to provide organics recycling. composted at SET’s commercial composting facility with organics or at its yard waste facilities in Burnsville or Zero Waste Packaging Ordinance Shakopee. The city receives some of the finished compost, St. Louis Park’s Zero Waste Packaging Ordinance took which is free to residents and community gardens. effect January 1, 2017, and requires that licensed food establishments use packaging that is reusable, recyclable City Policy and Initiatives or compostable when serving food and beverages that are intended for immediate consumption, regardless of Solid Waste Ordinance (Chapter 22) where the item is consumed (on site or taken to-go). If The city’s solid waste ordinance was revised in 2017. the packaging is used to serve food on-site, appropriate The revised ordinance modernizes definitions, brings the recycling and/or organics recycling receptacles and hauling city curbside program requirements in line with current service must be in place. practices, clarifies and improves recycling requirements for multifamily buildings, adds recycling requirements Parks Recycling for commercial buildings, revises standards for backyard The city received a Hennepin County Public Space Recycling compost bins and updates bulk material container Grant in 2016 to improve recycling in city parks. Recycling (dumpster) requirements. carts were added to 41 parks, and recycling collected increased by 204% during the first year. Standard signage Multifamily Recycling was also added, which included images of recyclable For some time the city has required multifamily building materials that can be placed in the cart. In 2018 the city will owners to provide their residents with the opportunity be expanding recycling education for park users that rent to recycle. In 2017, changes were made to the specific spaces for special events to increase recycling and decrease requirements for these programs. Most significantly, a contamination in recycling carts. minimum recycling capacity requirement was set to help ensure that sufficient recycling capacity is available in buildings. In addition, an educational requirement was created to address issues of contamination and confusion for multifamily residents. Going forward, property managers will need to provide recycling information to all residents on an annual basis. In 2017-2018, the city was selected to host a Minnesota GreenCorps member through the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. This allowed the city to do extensive outreach to multifamily properties, gather data on existing recycling services and provide educational materials to property managers.

4-101 | Environmental Stewardship Event Recycling Winter Mini-Cleanup Staff supports event recycling whenever possible. Events The city held its first winter cleanup event in 2018. This can include large celebrations such as Parktacular and small was a mini version of the regular cleanups both in time and gatherings such as neighborhood block parties. Resident scope. Residents were able to drop off confidential papers volunteers trained through the Recycling Champions for shredding, batteries and holiday lights and electrical program have been mobilized to assist event attendees cords. These items are all problem materials in the curbside with sorting recyclables and compostables from the trash. recycling program. Providing convenient opportunities In 2018 the city was awarded a Minnesota Recreation and for residents to properly discard these items helps reduce Parks Association Award of Excellence for this volunteer contamination in recycling. mobilization effort. Education and Outreach City Programs Public works staff provides information and education In addition to curbside collection programs, the city is through various media to encourage waste reduction and directly involved in events and educational activities to recycling. Educational efforts focus on reducing waste, promote waste reduction and recycling as well as special increasing recycling and organics, properly disposing of collection events for problem materials. problem materials and encouraging backyard composting. Education is provided through the city’s website, social Reuse Events media, Park Perspective newsletters, the Sun Sailor In 2017 the city began hosting clothing and gardeners’ newspaper, ads in the City-School calendar and individual swap events as a way to promote reuse. Anyone was mailings. Staff members also host workshops and open welcome to participate, free of charge. The city plans to houses, visit with residents, attend public events, and host more reuse events in the coming years. meet with school children to teach them about garbage and recycling. Most recently, staff leveraged social media using Facebook and Instagram accounts to share images CLOTHING SWAPS of common and not-so-common items and how to recycle In the two clothing swap events: or dispose of them. The photos are accessible through the • 210 people participated city’s Facebook page photo album called the “Know Before You Throw Guide.” • 2,700 pounds of clothing and accessories were brought Recycling Champions -- 1,555 swapped The Recycling Champions program was launched in 2017 -- 965 pounds donated to charities to engage residents who are interested in learning more about recycling. Residents serve as ambassadors in the Spring and Fall Cleanup Days community and share what they learn with family, friends Twice a year, the city provides a cleanup day event for and neighbors. residents. At these events the city charges a fee to accept In the first year of the program, 70 residents signed up material for disposal, recycling or reuse. Such events and 50 attended training to serve as Recycling Champions highlight the city’s commitment to the environment by in the community. Several volunteered at events, shared providing convenient disposal options to discourage illegal resources at neighborhood parties and educated fellow dumping and collecting items that have limited recycling residents on topics related to recycling. City staff continues options. to work with these enthusiastic volunteers to promote quality recycling and waste prevention in the city.

4-102 | Environmental Stewardship Community Partnerships Source Separated Organics In 2018, the city partnered with the Recycling Association In 2019 the city began collecting organics and yard waste of Minnesota (RAM) to increase awareness and separately. This new collection method allows organics to participation in the city’s organics program. RAM worked be processed more efficiently and reduces the space that in the city to educate residents through presentations at the city’s material takes up in the processing area at the neighborhood meetings and educational workshops for commercial composting facility. This collection method new and existing organics participants. RAM’s work was also allows the city to more accurately track the amount of funded through a Hennepin County Green Partners Grow food scraps and other organics that are collected through Grant. City staff continues to work to identify community the program and better address contamination issues. The partners as well as other innovative ways to reach residents organics program has had a very low contamination rate with information on waste reduction, reuse and recycling since the program began in 2013, and has maintained a opportunities. 1.5% contamination rate for the past two years. Where We Are Headed Support Deconstruction Construction and demolition are sources of large volumes Future Initiatives of waste, however it is not often included in discussions Optional Every-Other-Week Garbage of recycling and reuse. Most often when a building is Collection taken down, it is bulldozed and much of the material is landfilled, though metal and concrete are often recycled. The city conducted an every-other-week garbage pilot from Deconstruction of homes and businesses can preserve September 2017 – March 2018 to test the use of an every the value of materials for future use. Windows, doors, other week garbage collection frequency for residents that fixtures and even lumber can be carefully removed such produce small amounts of trash. The city added this service that they can be repurposed by others. The city has begun option for garbage collection beginning January 2019. partnering with Hennepin County and others to support Compost Use deconstruction in St. Louis Park. The city will work to lead by example by considering and opting for deconstruction The city promotes the use of compost to residents because when possible on publicly owned structures. In addition, it builds healthy soils through increasing water and staff will educate residents and the private sector on nutrient holding capacity and reducing erosion, among deconstruction options. In partnership with local non- other benefits. Beginning in 2018, the city’s contract for profits, the city will host a new event to collect usable composting organics and yard waste includes a requirement building materials in fall 2019. for finished compost to be made available to residents, community gardens and special events each year. The city’s climate action plan includes using compost as a soil amendment for public and private construction projects as one of many actions to support the plan. The city will also consider adding compost use to the Environmental Purchasing Policy and will explore further use of compost in construction projects through the city’s Storm Water Management Plan.

4-103 | Environmental Stewardship Solid Waste Goals and Strategies 4. Increase Recycling & Organics Recycling 1. Continue to Provide Education and Outreach Strategies to Community A. Increase residential organics recycling participation to 50% by 2030 and 80% by Strategies 2040. A. Incorporate innovative or non-traditional outreach methods to educate community members on B. Continue to support multifamily recycling by recycling and waste reduction. identifying properties to include in residential collection program and research the feasibility B. Create and provide multi-lingual education. of incorporating small dumpster service in future C. Focus education on event recycling for users of city contracts for small to mid-sized multifamily city-owned properties. buildings. D. Identify opportunities for internal education. C. Educate and enforce the commercial and multifamily recycling requirements of the Solid 2. Support and Increase Waste Reduction Waste Ordinance. Strategies A. Continue to improve and enforce the D. Improve public space event recycling through city’s zero waste packaging ordinance. increasing availability of recycling containers, improving signage, mobilizing volunteers and other B. Adopt a waste reduction plan to achieve a 50% best management practices. reduction in garbage, citywide, by 2050. C. Continue to adjust city solid waste rates to support pay-as-you-throw rate model. D. Continue to explore deconstruction opportunities in residential and commercial demolition projects.

3. Support Repair/Reuse/Recycling/ Composting Markets Strategies A. Ensure that city purchases include recycled content. B. Work toward a requirement that approved compost is used for city parks, roads, private development and construction projects. C. Develop and implement a soil management policy for any construction projects (public/private) to improve organic content of soil through the use of compost.

4-104 | Environmental Stewardship