Extensions of Re:Marks

January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 687 TRIBUTE TO AN OUTSTANDING ciding many cases of conflicts between Since his admission to the bar in 1945, AMERICAN: CHARLES T. MANATT the circuits. I am informed that all he has played an active and major role Mr. CRANSTON. Mr. President, on Members of the Senate have received a in his professional organizations and pro January 12 the California Demorcatic copy of this report. bono work. Party will host a dinner honoring This is a comprehensive report analyz­ In public affairs, he has demonstrated Charles T. Manatt, chairman of the ing the nature and dimensions of the similar public spirit, working to help the party for the past 2 years. I would like problems which arise from the burgeon­ Community Chest, Red Cross, United to share with my colleagues a few words ing caseload of the Supreme Court. Rec­ Jewish Appeal, and Optimist Club. He is about the unique contribution Chuck ognizing the many reports which we re­ also well known for his contribution to has made not only to the political life ceive, I would suggest that each of us the religious life of his community. He is of California but to the Nation as well. take the time to read this one. The dis­ a charter member and past president of Chuck has worked long and hard­ tinguished study group headed by Prof. the Burbank B'nai B'rith Lodge. and I should add, effectively-to promote Paul Freund should be complimented for I think Frank Fishkin stands as a sym­ the interests of the Democratic Party the thoroughness of its efforts. bol for his neighbors in the San Fer­ and the two-party system as well. He The Subcommittee on Improvements nando Valley of the kind of contrib1i­ organized a registration drive which in Judicial Machinery, which I am priv­ tions we all should make for the better­ added 2.2 million Democrats to the reg­ ileged to chair, has been greatly inter­ ment of our community, our brothP.MI istration roles. He instituted several new ested in the growing caseload in our Fed­ and our Nation. and innovative programs to increase the eral courts, including the Supreme level of citizen participation in our polit­ Court. The subcommittee plans to hold ical process. His tremendous effort in hearings during the 93d Congress on PROGRAM various proposals to assist the Supreme California has been recognized in other Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, States as well, as evidenced by his elec­ Court in meeting the demands created by a caseload which has risen from the program for Thursday next is as tion as chairman of the Western States follows: Democratic Conference in 1972. 1,460 cases to 4,515 in the past 25 years. However, based upon the early com­ The Senate will convene at 12 o'clock Chuck has an extensive background meridian. After the recognition of the in the political life of the Nation since ments which have appeared in the press since release of this report, lt is apparent two leaders or their designees under the he earned the post of national college standing order, the following Senators chairman for the Young Democratic that congressional consideration of the creation of a new appellate court would will be recognized, each for not to exceed Clubs of America in 1959. He is a dis­ be greatly enhanced if hearings were 15 minutes, and in the order stated: tinguished lawyer and a man deeply delayed until the bench, bar, and legal Senators Moss, ABOUREZK, and HARRY concerned with the welfare of his com­ scholars of this country have had the F. BYRD, JR. munity. For these and many other rea­ opportunity to study, analyze, and com­ At the conclusion of the remarks by sons, he was named one of the five out­ ment upon the report and the various the three aforementioned Senators, standing men of California for 1972 by alternative solutions which were consid­ there will be a period for the transaction the California Chamber of Commerce. ered by the study group. of routine morning business for not to Chuck is a good friend and I am pleased exceed 30 minutes, with statement.a that I will be able to join with his many therein limited to 3 minutes. other friends and admirers to honor him FRANK FISHKIN, AN OUTSTANDING Friday evening in Los Angeles. EXAMPLE OF PUBLIC SPffiIT Mr. CRANSTON. Mr. President, on ADJOURNMENT UNTIL THURSDAY, January 18 a testimonial dinner will be JANUARY 11, 1973 PROPOSAL FOR A JUNIOR SUPREME held in Los Angeles to honor Frank COURT Mr. ROBERT c. BYRD. Mr. President, Fishkin for his community service and if there be no further business to come Mr. BURDICK. Mr. President, late in professional activity. before the Senate, I move, in accordance December the Federal Judicial Center I have known Frank Fishkin for many, with the previous order, that the Senate released a report by a select study group many years. He is a well-educated and stand in adjournment until Thursday which recommended the creation of a extremely perceptive attorney. Both in next at 12 o'clock meridian. ''National Court of Appeals" to serve in private practice and in his work for the The motion was agreed to; and at 2: 02 an auxiliary fashion in the screening of State of California and the Federal Gov­ p.m. the Senate adjourned until Thurs­ "all petitions for review now filed in the ernment he has demonstrated insight, day, January 11, 1973, at 12 o'clock Supreme Court" and in hearing and de- sincerity, and compassion. meridian.

EXTENSIONS OF RE:MARKS THE FOSTER GRANDPARENT Government programs can be, I ask to the editor were ordered to be print­ PROGRAM unanimous consent to insert in the ed in the RECORD, as follows: RECORD at this point two letters to the SENIOR CITIZENS ARE GREAT PEOPLE editors of Montana newspapers concern­ Editor, Helena Independent Record: HON. LEE METCALF ing the Rocky Mountain Development With my eyes I see love, and beauty and OF MONTANA Council's foster grandparent program. goodness. I see a crippled child finally able IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES These letters provide eloquent testimony to walk. I see a deaf mute struggle to talk with her hands. Who will respond? Tuesday, January 9, 1973 of the benefits of such programs. Not With my eyes I see movement in a child's only does this program provide much deformed body where there was none be­ Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, I, like needed financial assistance to our elderly fore. Who will care? I see a little tot twist many of my distinguished colleagues in poor, it provides large measures of love her drooling mouth to speak. But who will this body, wait eagerly yet with a sense and feelings of usefulness to both the listen? of impending disappointment, for the foster grandparents and the retarded With my eyes I see the frustrations of a President's budget message. My concern children they help. blind infant groping for sight--for light in is the fate of programs designed to help the darkness. Who is that light? Surely this Nation must never allow With my eyes I see a lonely child with people-the young, the elderly, the poor, this kind of truly "creative federalism" out-stretched arms seeking love and com­ the disabled, the hungry. Lest this ad­ to slip from the top rank of national fort--security in a lonely frightening place. ministration or any Member of this body priorities. Who will notice? forget how significant in human terms There being no objection, the letters I see an old man shuffle to her. I see the 688 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 child comforted as never before. I see him Moore, Mrs. Lydia Holzworth, Mrs. Dora proving the professional environment in the dry her eyes and wipe her nose. I see the Granite, Mr. Milford Sampson, Mrs. Esther Federal service in order that it might be a care he takes as he changes her. Picks her Konigg, Mr. Milford Sampson, Mrs. Mary Si­ far more productive and satisfying experience up and hugs her. I see love. verts, Mrs. Lena Howe, Mrs. Mabel Elpel, Mrs. for all Federal employees. With my eyes I see a foster grandparent. Ethel Krogness, Mrs. Elizabeth Billman, Mrs. He recognized the role of Federal employee With all of my emotions I see this and Mary Osmundson. labor unions and demonstrated in many ways much more as I observe the daily routines Sincerely, his support for many of their activities, but of the foster grandparent at the Boulder JERRY R. HOOVER, he was outspoken in his view of the urgent River School and Hospital. Eastmont Training Center. need of professionals to be represented by The courage to accept "those kind peo­ their own organization, and not by a labor ple." The courage to love them as you would union. Time and time again in speeches, the your own. The willingness to dedicate your last one at FPA's reception for Members of life to their happiness. The little things that the Congress in June, he urged FPA mem­ you share-a smile, a hug, touch. This is ROBERT RAMSPECK bers to take some of their time daily to pro­ the courage of the senior citizen. mote FPA membership among their profes­ We can belittle the senior. Laugh at them. sional colleagues. He believed sincerely in the Make fun of this "over the hill gang." But person-to-person approach for increasing don't discredit them for the service they are HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE FPA membership and pleaded with us to doing for that group of people we chose to OF TEXAS spread the word and personally sign up new ignore, the mentally retarded. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES members. They built our city, these seniors gave us Bob opened many doors for the FPA on life. Now they love the retarded. They all are Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Capitol Hill and among the departments and deserving of recognition for their gratuitous agencies. He assured that FPA would get re·· service to these children, the Institution, the Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, spected attention, and inspired us to greate1· community and self. the Federal Professional Association, in effort in developing our presentations of the: The senior is love and beauty and goodness. their newsletter of recent date chose to issues and our recommendations for theil It is for these reasons and many others memorialize one of our former colleagues, resolution. The significant successes tha.1 you will never know without a foster grand­ the late Honorable Robert Ramspeck. FPA has had over the past ten years can be parent that I thank them for their service. Mr. Ramspeck served with distinction attributed in large measure to the counsel HOLLY LUCK, in this body, the U.S. Congress from 1929 and presence of Bob Ramspeck at the witness Assistant Director, Foster Grandparents to his retirement in 1945. He served as table, in person or in spirit. Program. He w111 always be by my side in the de­ the Democratic whip from 1942 to 1945. velopment and presentation of positions or Subsequent to his retirement he served issues. I am a far better and more effective LETTER TO THE EDITOR, GLENDIVE RANGER, with greater distinction as Chairman of persons because of my long exposure to his SEPl'EMBER 1972 the U.S. Civil Service Commission from honesty, integrity, and dedication. FPA offi­ Foster Grandparents: Good Kews I March of 1951 to n,~cember of 1952. cers, pa.st and present, share in the loss that Close your mouth and imagine not being He was a most affable man whose we all feel, just as we all benefitted from able to talk. Think of being thirteen and having known and worked with him. imagine not having a friend. Shut your doors doors in his congressional office were and pull the window shades, turn off your open to anyone. He guided many fresh­ ACHIEVEMENTS television and imagine your house as your man Members, myself included, in mat­ During the ten years plus that Bob was only world. ters pertaining to Federal service and substantially involved in the affairs of the The outlook of one who ts developmentally other matters. Under leave to extend my FPA, he served officially with distinction as retarded ts almost impossible to imagine. Not Legislative Consultant. In so many other only does this person find himself-very remarks in the RECORD I wish to in­ ways though, he was our general advisor. often-with a fully developed body and an clude the article referred +,o above;: Specific FPA accomplishments that were underdeveloped system of thought, but also ROBERT RAMSPECK, DEDICATION, PROFESSION­ substantially advanced by Bob's wise counsel, with a stigma that separates him from the ALISM, EFFECTIVENESS telephone ca.Us, and personal letter writing included Congressional acceptance of the community in which he lives. (By Vincent Jay) During the past year there have been pio­ principle of pay comparab111ty, enacted in the neers who have sought to break this bar­ The passing of former Congressman Robert Federal Salary Act of 1967; the review and Ramspeck ends the FPA, a close and bene­ rier-to change the outlook of the retarded. improvement of Civil Service Commission ficial relationship that dates back to the appeal procedures; the liberalization of Fed­ When the Foster Grandparent Program was early days of the Founding Committee meet­ announced, it was GOOD NEWS for the re­ eral retirement laws, the expansion of higher ings at Brookings Institution. It also ends a education and training opportunities, in the tarded. When Ea.stmont Training Center an­ warm, personal relationship for the writer. nounced its involvement in the program, it All who knew Bob could not help but be form of advancement of the Federal Execu­ was more good news! impressed by his dedication to the principle tive Institute concept; far more equitable per Forty retarded children and the entire of a true, career merit system and all that diem during periods of official travel; ad­ Eastmont staff looked forward to the return that stands for in the Federal service. His vancement of the man-in-the-job concept; of ten foster grandparents to Ea.stmont long and productive years of service; in the and protection from invasion of privacy. Training Center. These ten grandparents a.re Congress, as Chairman of the U.S. Civil Much still remains to be done in all of these truly the pioneer representation of the Glen­ Service Commission, and on many Presiden­ areas, but a sound foundation has been es­ dive Senior Citizens. tial committees, commissions, and councils tablished thanks to Bob's wise counsel and What do they do? They help a boy or girl was notably marked by the demands he personal efforts. learn how to talk. They become a friend to a ma.de on himself and his search for dedica­ It is my strong conviction that the FPA needing thirteen year old. They open the tion in others. He inspired and brought out wlll grow and prosper as a living tribute to doors, let the light tn the windows, and be­ the very best in people. Every task with this great statesman who deeply loved the come a television, with a new wide world for which he was ever involved benefltted from United States, who suffered acutely from the a retarded person. his participation. His ideal was an efficient, problems besetting this grea.t Country, and The value of the foster grandparent pro­ effective Federal service that would keep who giave of himself unstintingly to improve gram cannot be over-emphasized. It has given waste of all sorts to a bare minimum, and it. He believed deeply that working together the children an additional opportunity to en­ thus bring a.bout reduced Federal expendi­ within the framework of the FPA, profes­ joy life, to gain self-confidence, and develop tures. sionals could substantially contribute to the mentally and physically. He dreamed of a general manager of the stab111ty, prosperity, and strength of this Take some time, go visit a foster grand­ Executive Branch, reporting directly to the Nation. As .one of the largest, most knowl­ parent. Ask them about their job. Find out President who would exercise control over edgeable, articulate and potentially influ­ what retarded children can do. You w111 be the vast Federal establishment and hold ential groups in our country, Federal career surprised! And while you are there, thank a managers at all levels accountable. He professionals can make Bob's dream become very wonderful person, a person who society dreamed, also, of professionals, from the en­ a reality. I believe that increasing numbers of has declared over the hill, for unselfishly pre­ tire range of professional disciplines in the us wm continue to work for this ideal and paring retarded children for a richer, more Federal service, uniting within the FPA for will make it come to pass for the welfare productive life. the achievement of greater efllciency in Gov­ of the United States, for Bob, for our loved List of foster grandparents: Mrs. Beulah ernment, for enhancing the value of the pro­ ones, and for those who follow us in the Mitchell, Mrs. May Alrick, Mrs. Augusta fessional service to the Nation, and for im- years a.head. January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 689 A PHILOSOPHER SPEAKS war which it is asserted you could have dom and the democratic organization of so­ stopped four years ago under the same con­ ciety. When you threaten the rights of the ditions of your peace proposals today. It ts lowliest citizen, you lay the foundation for feared that under the power imposed by the destruction of the rights of the strong­ HON. BELLA S. ABZUG Congress at your suggestion to limt.t na­ est. Just as no human organism is healthy, OF NEW YORK tional expenditure to 250 billion dollars one of whose organs is diseased, so no nation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES annually, your prejudices and priorities may can endure with large groups of discontented prompt you to deny monies from government and those denied opportunity. No political, Tuesday, January 9, 1973 agencies which should be supported, or even social, or economic order is in itself sacro­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Stan­ to withhold monies Congress appropriated sanct. It e_ndures so long as it makes for ley Markson of New York, a supervisory for necessary work. You are charged with human well being, happiness, and progress. support of increasing defense appropria­ A force is rising out of the depths of our social worker, has called to my attention tions which many authorities deem unneces­ national life, rising in the sullen silence of a remarkable item which appeared in sary for our national security. These are millions-little people and great people-a. the New York Times on December 31, grave accusations. force which will not be denied. That force is 1972. Appropriately, on the last day of You have been elected president by a 2 to 1 the power of the social conscience. It gathers the year, the item was an appeal to majority of the votes cast. But only 45 per­ impetus each day; it is a mystic power, not President Nixon, from Rabbi Morris S. cent of the eligible voters voted. That means ourselves, which makes for righteousness and Lazaron of Palm Beach, Fla. that over one-half of the people who could justice as the foundation of enduring human is 85- have voted, did not vote, and of the 45 per­ relations. We must move forward to meet it. So thoughtful this letter from an cent who did vote, 28 million people voted There are influences among us working to year-old philosopher, and so well does he against you. That is no small number. There­ destroy this rising social conscience. Espe­ express the thoughts of millions of Amer­ fore, you are a minority president. cially great is the temptation of the rich and icans, that I at this point place the letter This substantial number opposed you, some powerful to defeat the just needs for social in the RECORD: because they did not like what you were do­ betterment, and a greater share in the bless­ [From the New York Times, Dec. 31, 1972] ing, many others because of your many un­ ings of our affiuent society. But if our lead­ kept promises. How can you win the confi­ ers play the harlot to the god of things as To THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES dence and indeed-if you want it--the affec­ they are, we are doomed and we deserve to PALM BEACH, FLA., tion of the people? How can you obtain the go the way of Rome and Carthage. We cannot, December 12, 1972. place in history you surely must desire? Now we may not, we dare not divorce government MR. PRESIDENT: With all due respect to you have four more years to prove your critics from the wrongs and the injustices of the your office will you read these words from an wrong! day, from the poverty and misery of our old man approaching 85? I have no axe to (1) Even a reshuffiing of the Cabinet, a few times, from the fate of the unfortunate, the grind; no favor to ask. Life has been good to new faces in the administration and declara­ oppressed, and the disinherited. The only me. I wish to talk to you out of the experi­ tion of change, will not be enough to con­ lasting peace for any people is the peace of ence of many years, to tell you what I have vince your fellow citizens that there will be a righteousness. I come from an ancient people learned about human nature and what his­ change. (2) For all the statistics of organiza­ whose faith has proclaimed that integrity and tory has taught me. I wish to talk to you tions and commissions controlled by you, truth, justice and righteousness, are the about your future and the future of our housewives know that food costs more. (3) foundations of life and that man flouts them country. I speak to you out of the frustra­ The reported decrease in unemployment may to his peril. tion which millions of your fellow citizens well be temporary due to an increase in the I believe a conviction is growing in our feel. I believe I voice the feeling not only of need during the holidays. (4) And despite land. It is manifest not only among our those who voted against you, but of many the phenomenal rise in the stock market, youth, so often decided, it is manifest in of those who voted for you. I beg you to there are very many knowledgeable people in many of the most important figures even in read and consider. that area who realize that underneath the your own party. It is manifest in the mil­ · No man elected to the awesome office of surface optimism there are uncertainty and lions who voted against you. It ts manifest in the presidency can be unmindful of what unspoken fears for the future. (5) Contrary the mllltons who did not vote at all. his place in history will be. Will he be re­ to the implications that all people on welfare This conviction reveals an increasing feel­ membered for good? Will his name be blessed are lazy and looking for handouts to support ing that none of us can prosper at the ex­ by his contemporaries and by the generations them, I firmly believe, and most statistics pense of others. That_human rights cannot be that follow him? Surely these thoughts have show, that most people able to work will ruthlessly trampled upon. That no man, entered your mind. choose work rather than charity. They must woman, or child can be permitted to suffer You have by your courageous contacts with be given incentive through education, train­ undernourishment, that our vast material China. and Russia opened doors of communi­ ing, and retraining. Pride is not an exclusive wealth and our intellectual and physical cation which hold good, even great, possibili­ possession of the fortunate! energies must be devoted to the service of all. ties for the future of the world. These are The people know what the issues are. No A tide is moving in the hearts of millions of indeed historical events for which you are propaganda, however well financed, can hide Amertcans--it cannot be held back. It wlll justly to be praised. the facts. rise to its crest and beat upon the shores On the other hand, you are accused Those who voted for you deeply hope that of the lives of every one of us. rightly or wrongly of many things: of cater­ in your second administration you will dissi­ Mr. President, I do not believe that the ing to the rich and powerful, of ignoring the pate some of the hesitancy and mistrust problems which face you-and they are poor, especially the 20 million or more black which still, unfortunately, surround you and many, complex and terrifylng--can be solved citizens, of weakening the rights they have by techniques of organization or by the me­ won after years of effort. You are accused of your associates. They wish you well. They look chanics and power of government agencies. attempting to destroy the advances in social hopefully to you to bring back confidence in They are not only problems of wages, condi­ service legislation made these last years. their executive, they wish to see a concern tions of labor, housing, hours of employment, You are accused of attempting to violate the for the unfortunate, they long for the crea­ and the general welfare. The problems that constitutional provision that guarantees tion of a new spirit among our citizens. face us are spiritual problems. We must feel freedom of speech, press, and assembly. You How can you prove that your critics are a. passionate resentment at the injustice and are accused of threatening the privacy, the wrong or have misunderstood you? How can suffering visited upon huge groups of indi­ very basic liberties of the individual citi­ you convince the millions of your fellow viduals. We must sincerely and vigorously zen and of using the power of the Federal Americans that you are sincerely interested face up to oppression, unrighteousness, and government to spy upon mlllions of your in their welfare? How can you win back the corruption among us. Wherever prejudice, fellow citizens. You are accused of packing respect and love for our country, so much of hate and wrong lift their head, wherever the Supreme Court with some men who will, which we have lost these latter years? How there is a lack of sympathy or understand­ by their decisions undermine our democracy can you lift the nation from its apparent ing, we must try '.;o feel and to understand. as conceived by the founding fathers. You apathy? Wherever there Is no brotherhood, we must are accused of lack of sympathy for the poor, Mr. President, may I now put before you say, "my brother we are here." the needy, and even the innocent children of some ideas, hopes, even prayers, that are Mr. President, we a.re waiting for spiritual our country by witholding monies appropri­ shared by many of our fellow citizens? The leadership as well as administrative efficiency. ated by' the Congress to help feed the hun­ Issues before us are clear. They are not po­ We need and want a leadership that fearlessly gry and the undernourished. You are said to litical. They are deeper even than the serious declares thait when the rights of property be a. man without compassion, interested pri­ economic problems which face us, more fa.r­ conflict with the rights of human beings, marily in the furtherance of your personal rea.ching than the burning question of gov­ human rights come first, a leadership that ambitions rather than the welfare of your ernment's relation to business, finance, the not only proclaims these things, but acts country. You are held responsible for the great corporations, or the average citizen, im­ upon them. We need a leadership that is death of over 20 thousand young Americans portant as these are. The issues are the pres­ brave enough to declare that the economic and unnumbered thousands wounded in a. ervation of the American tradition of free- and industrial orders a.re not only for the 690 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 creation of profits. We need a leadership that HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO MR. DEMOCRAT to negotiate and work out a settlement acts upon that declaration. We long for a No Northern California election year would guaranteeing a separate and distinct leadership that has courage enough io dis­ be complete without the celebration of South Vietnamese nation. Simply stop­ turb the smug content of them who "sit at "James Everett Morrow Day" in honor of ping the bombing will not bring peace. ease in Zion." Butte County's "Mr. Democrat." Experience should have taught us a bit­ Will you give us this leadership? Will you The affair has become a biennial highlight renew the old spirit of our people, the old not only for persons interested in politics but ter lesson about bombing halts: The strength of heart that conquered a conti­ for citizens of all walks of life who have come Communists either withdraw or drag nent because it was compounded of moral to know and respect Mr. Morrow for his con­ their feet at the peace talks while using courage, compassion, and faith. You have it tributions in education, the church, agricul­ the bombing halt to reconsolidate the in your power, Mr. President, to see to it that ture and general service of his fellow man. North Vietnamese military efforts, thus no basic human right shall be destroyed, to Happily, the "James Everett Morrow Day" bringing increased pressure on the South see to it that we shall continue to live in tradition will be maintained here tomorrow Vietnamese Government. freedom, to think what we please, to write when Mid-Valley Democrats will be joined by what we please, to say what we please, to do friends and admirers of other political amlia­ The Communists realize that their one what we please so long as the greater social tions in helping Mr. Morrow celebrate his goal-the subjugation of the Vietnamese welfare is not menaced. You have it in your 95th birthday. people under Communist domination­ power to see to it that none shall be forced As set forth in a special "James Everett can be accomplished in either of two to take charity, to see to it that all who Morrow Day" proclamation issued by Chico ways: At the conference table in Paris, want work shall find it, and that one's labor Mayor Eric Ba.then, the birthday affair will or simply by refusing to negotiate and shall bring adequate return. be held in the Democratic campaign head­ waiting until their friends in America Mr. President, I adjure you in the name of quarters at Second and Main Streets from have forced public opinion to call for im­ all that your forebears held sacred to bear 2 to 4 p.m. It wm be open to everybody and these things in mind, to build these eternal the cake and other refreshments will be free. mediate and unilateral withdrawal by values into the structure of our society so Over the yea.rs, Mr. Morrow has been the United States. Why should the Com­ that your "Four More Years" may be years joined in celebrating his birthday by high­ munists negotiate peace when they are of which future generations may say-under ranking public officials and dignitaries rang­ being told by their American friends that him, America regained a new birth of free­ ing from former Gov. Pat Brown through they can get what they want and on dom :for all its citizens and under him the Rep. Harold T. "Bizz" Johnson, Sen. Alan their terms by simply refusing to nego­ nations laid the foundations of an enduring Cranston and San Francisco Mayor Joseph tiate and waiting on the opinion makers peace. Alioto. He has received special personal greet­ Rabbi MORRISS. LAZARON. ings from Presidents, former Presidents and in America to force unilateral with­ leaders of both houses of Congress. And at drawal by the United States. his 90th birthday party in 1967, one of the Everyone wants peace, but we cannot surprise features was the following telegram: allow good intentions to mislead us. The "It is with a great deal of pleasure that I fate of both the U.S. prisoners of war and J. EVERETT MORROW­ congratulate you on the occasion of your the South Vietnamese people is depend­ MR. DEMOCRAT 90th birthday. Your early service as a school ent on our maintaining a constant posi­ teacher, your many years of leadership in the U.S. Plant Introduction Field and your long tion-peace in Vietnam and U.S. with­ lifetime of work on behalf of the party of drawal can be accomplished if and only HON. HAROLD T. JOHNSON your choice mark you as a man of whom if our prisoners of war and missing in OF CALIFORNIA America and California can be proud. I wish action are returned and accounted for IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES you many more years of good health and and the Communists recognize the in­ endeavor in the cause of good citizenship. tegrity of the South Vietnamese Govern­ Saturday, January 6, 1973 Sincerely, Ronald Reagan, Governor of Cali­ ment as distinct from that of the Com­ fornia." munist-dominated North Vietnam. Mr. JOHNSON of California. Mr. In this week's proclamation, Mayor Ba.then Speaker, a few days after the ~nal ad­ said, "An outstanding trait Mr. Morrow has Those Americans of the silent majority journment of the 92d Congress I was always displayed is the fact that while he would do well to ask, "which action is privileged to join the people of Butte respects the past, he always looks forward to more detrimental to the cause· of peace County in northern California in honor­ the future and how he may continue to play in Southeast Asia: the resumption of the ing one of our most active community a role in shaping future events." bombing of North Vietnam by the Pres­ workers on his 95th birthday. Under such circumstances, we at The En­ ident, or the activities of misguided and J. Everett Morrow is an outstanding terprise-Record say again as we have in th.,. exploited Americans who would mobilize past: It is a real pleasure to wish a "Happ1r their own countrymen against the Pres­ man. He has made many contributions 95th Birthday" to Butte County's "Mr. Demc · to his community and to the State. He crat" and we look forward to his partict"" ident's plan to bring America peace with has served with distinction on numerous tion in many future campaigns. honor?" public boards and agencies. He has been an active leader in the continuing quest for good government at local, State and COLUMNIST SAYS ONLY THE PRESI­ Federal levels. He has been an outstand­ THE GREATEST THREAT TO DENT CAN END THE WAR-WORLD ing member of his church. Mr. Morrow PEACE NEGOTIATIONS OPINION FAVORS ENDING WAR is a Democrat I am proud to say and in NOW fact in Butte County he is generally known as Mr. Democrat. The observ­ ance of his 95th birthday while it was HON. JOHN R. RARICK HON. JOE L. EVINS OF LOUISIANA spansored by the Democrats of the com­ OF TENNESSEE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES munity went far beyond a partisan rec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ognition. In fact the city of Chico in Saturday, January 6, 1973 which he lives designated his birthday Saturday, January 6, 1973 as "James Everett Morrow Day" and Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, thinking Americans should realize that the goal Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, people from all walks of life and all of the United States both in the Vietnam columnist Mary McGrory of the Wash­ political affiliations joined in paying their war and at the Paris peace talks is and ington Star-News concluded in a recent respects to this outstanding citizen. has been the preservation of South Viet­ article that in the final analysis the I consider it a privilege and a pleasure nam as an independent nation separate President "is the only man in Washing­ to share with my colleagues the thoughts and distinct from the North Vietnam ton, or anywhere else, who can stop the which were expressed by the commu­ Communist Government. war." nity's hometown paper-the Chico En­ Critics of the President's decision to In her view world opinion is over­ terprise Record-in an editorial pub­ resume bombing of North Vietnam fail whelmingly opposed to the continuation lished on the day before his birthday and to realize that this is the only means by of the unfortunate conflict in Vietnam. I ask unanimous consent to insert this which the United States can induce the Because of the interest of my col­ editorial in the RECORD at this point: Communists to remain at the peace talks leagues and the American people in this January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 691 most important matter, I place the forgiven him. The President regards him as Representatives, but the Congress ad­ column by Miss McGrory in the RECORD the shrewdest politician in the Senate, and journed before the other body had the his access is so constant that other excluded herewith. moderate Republicans send messages to the opportunity to take final action. I do The article follows: Oval Room through him. hope that during the 93d Congress, ex­ WAR STILL HAUNTS CONGRESS Since his senior colleague, Kennedy, tripped peditious action will be taken by both the (By Mary McGrory) over the olive branch, Brooke could be­ House and Senate in order to afford this If it's up to Congress to end the war, it come the leader of the antiwar forces in the long overdue recognition to the Italian could go on for another hundred years. Senate. While it seems unlikely that he American War Veterans. Once again, Congress is being importuned, could rally those timid souls to stand firm prayed to, marched at and lobbied to do on a cutoff, he could deeply embarrass Rich­ something. Congress has the power, but not ard Nixon-and at the same time enhance his the stomach. own national ambitions. During the last four years, as one bloody But Richard Nixon is the only man in LEGISLATION TO HELP SMALL "decisive" step after another has been taken Washington, or anywhere else, who can stop BUSINF.SS "to shorten the war," Congress, under pres­ the war, and he has made it a matter of prin­ sure from the country, has been at the point ciple never to yield to Congress. of gathering up its courage and voting to cut So the only hope that many Americans are off the money. In the end, it takes the "easy ciutching as the New Year dawns over the HON. TOM RAILSBACK popular course" of supporting the President rubble and the despair is that he will bow to OF ILLINOIS which always means continuing the war. world opinion, take to heart the disapproval IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE..~ of his new friends in Russia and China and The Democrats, who might be expected to Tuesday, January 9, 1973 lead the way to push the war over the cliff, finally, and too late for honor, let go. have been cowed by the mandate. Sen. Ed­ Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, the ward M. Kennedy, a foremost critic, in a mir­ need for financial help for small busi­ acle of bad timing said he wanted to do busi­ ness has existed for many years, but it ness with the President four days before ITALIAN AMERICAN WAR has grown particularly acute in the last Henry Kissinger announced that peace had VETERANS died a-horning. few years. The number of business fall­ In the second week of the worst bombing ures is very high. Small businesses ex­ in history, Sen. Hubert H. Humphrey chirped perience extreme difficulty in retaining a plea for Inauguration unity over the tele­ HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO adequate earnings for their business vision. OF ILLINOIS needs. External sources of funds are not "The genius of the American political sys­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES always available to small business; and, tem," he said, "is that all Americans unite when they are, the sources of funds are following national elections." This was at a Tuesday, January 9, 1973 moment when the country was walking the either costly or unsatisfactory in terms. floor over the horrors being committed in its Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr .. Speaker, last Since small business plays a crucial name by a President who did not trouble to week I introduced in the Congress a bill to role in our society, I am convinced we explain. provide for printing as a House document should do everything in our power to Majority Leader Mike Mansfield of Mon­ certain proceedings of the Italian Ameri­ sustain a vigorous and healthful en­ tana is the chronic nice guy on Capitol Hill. can War Veterans of the United States, vironment for small business. Therefore, A foe of Vietnam, he nonetheless is prone, Inc., and I am delighted to have my I am today reintroducing a small busi­ when matters come to a boil, to puff on his pipe and allow that the President is doing distinguished colleagues, Hon. CHARLES ness tax simplification and reform meas­ his best. J. CARNEY of Ohio and Hon. JOHN H. ure which was originally sponsored by The House is worse. Speaker Carl Albert DENT of Pennsylvania, join me as co­ Congressman JOE EVINS, chairman of the is merely the first among many in whose anx­ sponsors of this legislation. House Select Committee on Small Busi­ ious breasts the dilemma of supporting the It is an honor for an individual's ac­ ness, and Senator ALAN BIBLE, chairman President while opposing the war has never tivities or the proceedings of one's orga­ of the Senate Select Committee on Small been resolved. nization to be recorded among the official Business. As America's good name was being blasted This legislation evolved over a num­ away under the impact of 10 mlllion pounds documents associated with the House of of bombs a day, Albert cautioned the House Representatives. It is an honor we have ber of years after intensive consultation not to be hasty about anti-war legislation. accorded to veterans organizations since with small business organizations and He asked to hear the administration's case 1931. We have done this as one of the many tax and economic experts within tor the holocaust. symbols of high esteem a grateful nation and outside of the Government. It is a In the December bombings, the President bestows upon its veterans. To be included bipartisan, comprehensive bill which once again brought ,the question back .to among official Government papers is to provides relief to small businesses not ground zero. Congress is easily diverted into be accorded a certain symbolic immor­ only at one point of their development, a discussion of ending the bombing rather than the war. Simple souls on Capitol Hlll tality. but during their entire economic life may hall the latest cessation as a victory for It is certainly appropriate for the cycle. peace, and if the talks in Paris break down Congress to extend this recognition, In order to facilitate the early fi­ again, the B52s can take to the skies again. which is now enjoyed by other veterans nancing of small business concerns, in­ · The White House did not "tabulate" its organizations, to the Italian American vestors are assured liberal tax treatment mail on the bombing, which means it was War Veterans of the United States of any losses that are incurred on the bad. Good tallies are always volunteered. whose members have done their share stock. Further encouragement to the Republican senators are bearing the burden to uphold and preserve the freedom original investors is provided by grant­ of the country's revulsion. They are being deluged with mail from Republicans who say and security of our beloved country. It ing small business corporations a Fed­ "I voted for Richard Nixon-but not for this." is only fitting that they and their ac­ eral income tax exemption on taxable This being bombs away around the clock over tivities should survive as long as the income up to $1 million during each of downtown Hanoi. Republic itself. It is fitting that we re­ the first 5 years of operation. Two Republican senators spoke out last member their sacrifices for the perpetu­ The 5-year exemption will assist the week against the bombing. Ohio Sen. Wil­ ation of national ideals. newly created small businesses to com­ liam 0. Saxbe's observation that the Presi­ This outstanding veterans organiza­ pete more successfully against estab­ dent "appears to have lost his senses" did not tion is a nonprofit and nonpolitical lished firms. This will help them meet jar the White House. He is regarded as errat­ group made up wholly and without ex­ ic, and not difficult to coax back into the stiff competition from larger establish­ fold. ception of honorably discharged Ameri­ ments which have been able, over the Sen. Edward W. Brooke of Massachusetts, can war veterans. They are devoted citi­ years, to build up adequate reserves to who demanded an explanation and an end, zens who have demonstrated splendid finance their business needs. is another story. He is the only dissenter who patriotism and dedication to the cause The legislation recognizes that even is welcome and indulged at the White House. of freedom. when a small business becomes estab­ He comes from the most dovish and the only During the 92d Congress, I introduced lished, its :financial troubles ar.e far from anti-Nixon state in the Union, and much is a similar bill which passed the House of over. A serious problem in operating a 692 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 small business is the inability to obtain Since that time, I have received simi­ imperative that we restore the right to external funds, particularly through bor­ lar letters from businessmen who hope voluntary prayer in our public schools. rowing. As the Small Business Adminis­ something can be done in the way of Fortunately, I am not alone in my posi­ tration stated in its 1971 annual eco- simplifying tax forms and in decreasing tion on this issue. Surveys conducted na­ nomic review: the tremendous number of Government tionwide by George Gallup have shown Historically, small businesses are among forms they are required to fill out. that over 70 percent of our citizens want those that find credit ava1lab111ty severely Mr. Speaker, the Small Business Tax to see this basic right restored. In March restricted and obtainable only at compara­ Simplification and Reform Act will help of last year, the people of my home State tively high costs and under other terms that simplify the tax laws pertaining to small of Florida registered their support of a are not the most desirable. business, and, hopefully, relieve small constitutional amendment such as mine business of some of their problems. by a 4-to-1 margin. Obviously, these In addition to the tax exemption fea­ The current provisions of the Internal people are calling for a return to the ture contained in the bill, it also has pro­ rights they thought were guaranteed visions designed to aid small business in Revenue Code that pe'l'tain to small busi:­ retaining additional funds which will be ness are scattered throughout the Code. them in the Constitution and it is up to available for growth. One such provision The bill requires that these sections be us as their duly elected representatives is the proposed corporate tax rate reduc­ consolidated into one chapter or other to see that this change is made. tion for corporations with small and appropriate subdivision. This would The 92d Congress came very close to modest levels of taxable income. Under greatly simplify the identification of approving -a measure similar to Hous~ this provision, the current rate struc­ these provisions which apply to small Joint Resolution 128. By a vote of 240 ture which consists of a 22-percent rate business. yeas to 162 nays, the House fell only 2~ on the first $25,000 would be replaced by An Office of Small Business Tax Anal­ short of the two-thirds vote necessary a graduated rate schedule ranging from ysis would be established in the Office of to approve a constitutional amendment 20 to 50 percent. the Secretary of the Treasury, with the Hopefully, the 93d Congress will be thF• Besides providing necessary tax relief objective to make a continuing study of one to approve this greatly needed revt·· to small business and other provisions the effect of Federal, State, and local sion. designed to assure the preservation of taxes on small business, and the prob­ small business, this legislation is also lems caused to small business in comply­ written to simplify the tax laws pertain­ ing with the reports and procedural re­ COST OF LIVING BOOST FOR ing to small business. quirements of the various governments. FEDERAL WORKERS Small business is excessively burdened In addition, a Committee on Tax Sim­ by the complexity of the tax laws and plification for Small Business would be the forms it must fill out to comply with established. The committee, which would consist of officers from the Treasury De­ HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL these laws and other legal requirements OF NEW YORK of operating a business. Even though a partment, Office of Management and business manager is highly competent in Budget, Small Business Administration, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES operating his business, he is beset with so and the Internal Revenue Code toward Tuesday, January 9, 1973 much redtape that it diverts a consider­ simplifying the Code as it pertains to small business. Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, I rise able part of his valuable time away from today in behalf of more than 1.6 million company work. This is usually costly to I am convinced the Small Business Tax Simplification and Reform Act de­ civil servants who live and work in the him, and, in some instances, leads to the major metropolitan areas of our coun­ destruction of the business. The small mands immediate attention. Small busi­ try. I am introducing legislation to pro­ businessman cannot afford to hire an ex­ ness deserves tax relief and simplifica­ vide for the establishment of a special pert accountant or other professional in­ tion now. cost-of-living pay schedule containing dividual to fulfill all his commitments increased pay rates for these Federal em­ to the Federal, State, and local govern­ ployees in areas of a half million or more ments. He must fill out numerous forms RETURN PRAYERS TO OUR PUBLIC population to offset the extraordinary relating to withholding of Federal and SCHOOLS cost of urban living. State income and employment taxes Private industry and some State gov­ from his employees, excise taxes collect­ ernments already pay higher salaries and ed from consumers, Ucensing, census HON. L. A. (SKIP) BAF ALIS wages to employees in large cities than studies, and an endless list of other gov­ they do for the same kind of work in ernment forms. OF FLORIDA other areas where living costs are not The deep concern over the ever-in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as high. creasing amount of paperwork required Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Evidence of the necessity for this leg­ by the Federal, State, and local govern­ islation can be found in recent job ac­ ments prompted the Senate Select Com­ Mr. BAFALIS. Mr. Speaker, as one of my first acts in Congress, I have intro­ tions by Federal employees seeking mittee on Small Business to conduct a higher pay, most notably postal work­ study on Government reports and sta­ duced a constitutional amendment House Joint Resolution 128, which wni ers, who are no longer covered by the tistics. At the end of October 1968 their civil service pay schedules as a result findings were published. The report ac­ reinstate prayers in our public schools. There is little need for me to elaborate of the Postal Reorganization Act. Such knowledged that the small business com­ on why such legislation should be ap­ actions were centered in the big cities munity is justly concerned about the and high cost-of-living areas. prolifera ti on of reports and paperwork proved. Since the decision of the Su­ preme Court in the Engle case, which for Elsewhere, workers seem more satis­ they are required to furnish. Most of the all intents and purposes has prohibited fied with Federal pay scales. In fact in complaints involved tax returns, census praying as a daily part of the school many rural and suburban areas, Federal reports, and wage· and earnings reports. salaries are actually higher than State Last year I inserted in the CONGRES­ routine, I have been deeply concerned over the limitations placed on our reli­ and local government and private in­ SIONAL RECORD a letter from a good friend dustry pay for similar work. of mine, Jim Rosborough, president of gious freedoms. Every major national employer has the Moline Tool Co. in Illinois. Jim America was founded by God-fearing resolved this issue-everyone that is ex­ men and women, and we must adhere to wrote: cept th~ Federal Government, which is our moral principles if we are to survive. We would certainly appreciate some re­ the Nation's largest employer. Nearly 78 lief from this fast-growing burden of Gov­ This is not and never has been a Godless percent of Uncle Sam's 2.1 million em­ ernment redtape. Much of 1t, we feel, 1s un­ Nation. Morality and religion are a vital ployees live in metropolitan areas of a necessary, burdensome, and of no benefit to part of our national heritage and I half million or more population. anyone except those who prepare the forms strongly believe that if these are to con­ There are some signs, however, that and compile endless statistics therefrom. tinue being a part of our heritage, it is the Federal Government is aware of the January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 693

problem. Per diem rates for servants are D.C., San Francisco, Chicago, Los An­ employees instead of losing them to pri­ larger when they visit certain large cities, geles, Boston, Honolulu, or Seattle. vate industry. Government service in recognition of the higher costs there. The starting salary for a GS-1 appoint­ should not be viewed as a training The school lunch program is another ex­ ment, which is a clerical job, is $4, 798- ground for more lucrative jobs in the ample. Eligibility standards permit high­ nearly $2,000 below BLS's lower budget private sector; it should be considered as er income levels in urban industrial level for smaller cities, and almost $3,- a career occupation. centers than in rural nonindustrialized 000 below the level for large metropoli- Under my legislation, the Civil Serv­ areas. tan areas. · ice Commission would establish a special It is the job of this committee and this In fact, even a GS-5, who must have cost-of-living pay schedule for employ­ Congress to extend that recognition to 4 years of college or equivalent experi­ ees and positions located in metropolitan where it counts, the worker's pay enve­ ence, would not reach the minimum areas with a population of 500,000 or lope. budget for most large cities. His starting more. Three out of every four Federal When an employee in private industry pay is $7,695. That, however, is above employees would be affected. transfers to New York City from another the small city requirement. Mr. Speaker, this bill has been en­ part of the country, he will receive an This same relative disadvantage for dorsed by the American Federation of automatic 10- to 20-percent increase in big city workers holds true across the Government Employees, one of the ma­ pay, even though he continues to do the board. jor unions representing Federal work­ same kind of work. A typist, file clerk, Let us look at the mid-level civil serv­ ers; by the AF~CIO through its New laborer, or white collar employee of a ant, the GS-9. To get this far, he needs a York City Labor Council; and by the Na­ large national corporation in New York master's degree, a law degree or com­ City receives a higher salary or wage parable experience. Starting pay is $11,- tional Federation of Federal Employees. than his counterpart in the same com­ 614. That is just above the intermediate The figures and charts referred to pany in other areas of the country. budget level for the average large city follow: Even the State of New York pays em­ and even further below what is needed FAMILY OF 4 BUDGET REQUIREMENTS 1 ployees who work in New York City a in New York, Washington, D.C., Seattle, higher salary than those State workers Houston, Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, Inter­ with comparable jobs in other parts of and San Francisco. But it is more than Lower mediate Higher the State where the cost of living is not $1,800 over and above the small city re­ so great. Municipal salaries of city em­ quirement. All U.S. cities ______$7, 214 $10, 971 $15, 905 ployees in New York rank among the To maintain a higher budget level, the Cities 2,500 to 50,000______6, 694 9, 805 13, 657 highest in the country, mostly in recog­ family of four would need $13,657 in a Cities 50,000 and up______7, 330 11, 232 16, 408 nition of the higher cost of living in New city of 50,000 or fewer, but in some major York City. metropolitan areas that need exceeds Gs-12 GS-9• GS-13' We are the Nation with the highest $19,000. However, a senior level civil standard of living in the world, and yet servant, GS-13, starts at $19,700. AB Starting Federal pay ______$4, 798 $11, 614 $19, 700 the Federal Government pays many of you can see, that is more than enough to its employees in the New York City area live very comfortably in a small city, and 1 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. salaries which are less than they could 2 GS-1 is starting pay for clerical workers with no experience. just what is required in the large metro­ a GS-9 is a middle-level managerial position that requirEs a receive if they collected welfare. politan areas. master's degree or equivalent experience. Under current Federal pay scales, a These figures and the charts I am in­ • GS-13 is a senior level Government worker. GS-1 appointee starts at $4,798; a GS-2 serting following these remarks clearly NEW YORK CITY appointment pays $5,432; a GS-3 salary show the disadvantage our current civil is $6,128. In comparison, a family of service pay system puts on the million [Metropolitan area population, 11,529,000; Federal workers, four on welfare in New York City re­ or s-0 Government employees who live 128,6821 ceives the equivalent of $4,840. and work in the Nation's largest cities. Those higher grade Federal classified As we have seen, public assistance in Inter- employees who do receive more in salary some places pays more than public em­ Lower mediate Higher than they would on welfare still, in most ployment. cases, receive less than the incoµie re­ Increased salaries through regional Family of 4 budget leveL _____ $7, 578 $12, 585 $19, 238 quirements for a family of four to main­ differentials would not only be more tain a modest standard of living. equitable to Federal employees, but GS-1 GS-9 GS-13 Studies by the Labor Department's Bu­ would be of great benefit to the Govern­ reau of Labor Statistics show the typical ment as well. If the Federal Government Starting Federal pay ______$4, 798 $11 , 614 $19, 700 family of four needs $6,694 to maintain paid its classified workers salaries which Welfare, family of 4 ______14,840 ------a lower budget level in a small city, but are competitive with private industry in about $1,000 more for the same standard 1 Source: Mayor's office. This figure represents the cash that locale, it would be able to recruit and equivalent of the annual welfare payment. Public assistance. of living in New York City, Washington, retain more qualified and better trained $3,840; food stamps, $360; medicaid, $540; and clinic visits, $100,

12 MAJOR CONCENTRATIONS OF FEDERAL WORKERS

Family of 4 budget• Consumer Price Metropolitan area Federal workers Population Index 1 Lower Intermediate Higher

Washington, D.C ______------______-----______: 295, 385 2, 861, 000 2 124. 7 7, 500 11, 252 16, 345 New York City ______------______122, 934 11, 529, 000 130. 3 7, 578 12, 585 19, 238 San Francisco ______------______------______74, 300 3, 110, 000 8 122. 9 7, 971 11, 683 16, 906 Philadelphia ______80, 921 4, 818, 000 126. 0 7, 406 11, 404 16, 583 Chicago ______11, 460 16, 487 Los Angeles ______72, 998 6, 979,000 123. 3 7, 536 Boston ______69, 337 7, 032, 000 121. 3 7, 671 10, 985 16, 225 St. Louis ______39, 725 2, 754, 000 126. 2 7, 825 12, 819 19, 073 35, 531 2, 363, 000 3 120. 8 7, 238 10, 944 15, 733 Detroit_ ___ : ______. __ 29, 957 4, 200, 000 125. 0 7, 074 10, 754 15, 665 Honolulu ______------______------______25, 692 1, 631, 000 a 122. 4 8, 990 13, 108 19, 700 Pittsburgh ______----- ______18, 282 2, 401, 000 124. 7 7, 078 10, 686 15, 475 Seattle ______------______16, 497 1, 422, 000 2 119. 0 7, 666 ll, 124 15, 786

1 April 1972 fisures unless otherwisa noted. a March 1972. 2 February 1972. •Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. 694 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973

FEDERAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT IN METRO AREAS OF 500,000 AND MORE

Metropolitan Federal workers Population Metropolitan Federal workers Population

Akron, Ohio ...... ------2, 595 679, 000 18, 198 1, 814, 000 Albany-Schntdy-Troy , N.Y. ______••••• _. _•• _. ______8, 555 721, 000 ~!~~~iir~.nf~~~-~a_u_1 ~ -~~~~ =: :::::::::: ::::::::::: :: ::: :: , 6, 520 541, 000 Allntn-Beth-Eastn , Pa .- N.J.. •••• ___ _•• ___ ------•••••• __ 1, 863 544, 000 New Orleans, La ______------______------______13, 130 1, 046, 000 1 8, 783 1, 420, 000 New York, N.Y_ ___ _------___ _------. 122, 934 11, 529, 000 Newark , N.L ______• ___ ------____• ______~tl:~~~~G~~~~--~~~ ~:~ -~~ ~'-·:::::::::::::: : : : : : : : : : :: : : : : 27 , 341 l , 390, 000 21 , 866 1, 857, 000 Baltimore , Md •.•.•••• _. ___ ••••. ___ •• _____ •.•.• ______••. 52, 941 2, 071, 000 Norfolk-Portsmouth, Va_ . ____ ------•• __------__ _ 32, 349 681, 000 Birmingham , Ala •• •••••• _. _____ •.• ______.• ••• 7, 448 739, 000 Oklahoma City, Okla __ _• ______• ______33, 497 641 , 000 Boston, Mass. __••• ______••• 39, 725 2, 754, 000 Omaha, Nebr.-lowa ______------•• ______------8, 145 540, 000 9, 850 1, 349, 000 Patersn-Clif-Passaic, N.J •• ______• ______5, 949 1, 359, 000 ~~~~~o. ~i1~ ::::: ::::: ::::::::::::::: :: ::::::: ::::::::: 72, 998 6, 979, 000 Philadelphia, Pa.-N.L __ _• • ___ _------______• ______80, 921 4, 818, 000 1 13, 407 1, 385, 000 Phoenix, Ariz______------______10, 230 968, 000 20, 805 2, 064, 000 Pittsburgh , Pa . ______------______18, 282 2, 401 , 000 11 , 945 916, 000 Portland, Oreg.-Wash . ___ __------. ___ _ 14, 667 1, 009, 000 gi~~~~~tDallas, Tex ••8~i~~~~= ------= -;t=·======___ ••• __ ._------======--- •.•..======___ .• ___ == • 14, 519 1, 556, 000 Prov-Paw-Warwck, R.1.-Mass. ------______5, 467 911 , 000 Dayton, Ohio ••••• _. ___ •• _____ • ___ • ____ ••.•. _.•.•..•.••• 25, 973 850, 000 Richmond, Va •• ______------______. 8, 705 518, 000 Denver, Colo .•• ______•• ____ ••.•.• _• . •.• ___ ••.• ------•• 26, 499 1, 228, 000 Rochester, N.Y. ______. _. ----- __•• ______3, 817 883, 000 Sacramento, Calif ______------______Detroit, Mich ••••• __ •••••• _•• . •.•. ----•..• ----•••• ------29, 957 4, 200, 000 27, 567 801, 000 Fort Laudrdale-Hol-wd , Fla •• _. ______•• ______•.••••• 2, 431 620, 000 St Louis , Mo.-111 ..• -- --- ___ ------______35, 531 2, 363, 000 Fort Worth, Tex. __ ••••••• _._ •. •• ____ ••.•• ___ .••. . ------9, 348 762, 000 23, 639 558, 000 1, 707 633, 000 ~:~t k~t:nf~~YT e~~a-~: : : : : : : : : ::: : : : : : : : : :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 39, 799 864, 000 San Bern-River-Ont, Calif.. __ - --- ______• ___ _ 13, 073 l , 143,000 8~~~;r~~Pi~s~~i~ah~~ ·- ~ ~~= ::: :: ::::: :::::::: :: :: :: :::::: 2, 133 539, 000 San Diego, Calif. . ___ ._. ______• ______Grboro-Wins-Sal-H.Pt. N. C.•• • _•.••• _------•• _. ___ •• ____ _ 3, 578 604, 000 30, 898 1, 358, 000 San Francisco-Oakld, Calif ______• __ __ 74, 300 3, 110, 000 Hartford, Conn. ____ . •.•. ____ • __ .------•. -- - -- 5, 744 664, 000 San Jose , Calif. •• ______• ______Hanoi ulu , Hawaii. ••.•••• _•. ___ •. __• •••••••••••••.. ---•• 25, 692 629, 000 9, 105 1, 065, 000 Houston , Tex •••• __ •.•• __ _•• ------•• ----••• 17 , 580 1, 985, 000 Seattle-Everett, Wash ______.------______16, 497 1, 422, 000 Indianapolis, Ind _•• __• __ ••.•. ______•••• ___ . ___ ._----- __ 17 , 155 l , 110, 000 Sprng-Chicopee-Holy , Mass-Conn .... ___ _._ •••• ______•• _._ 4, 075 530, 000 Jacksonville, Fla••.• ___ • ___ . ____ • __ _••• • ______•• ______._ 10, 314 529, 000 Syracuse, N. Y• •• _•••• __ • ______------___ 4, 315 636, 000 Tampa-St. Petersburg, Fla ______7, 259 1, 013, 000 Jersey City, N.Y •• __•.•••• _. ______• _-- •••••••••••• --- 5, 095 609, 000 Toledo, Ohio-Mich ••• __• ______• ••• ___ _• ______._ Kansas City, Mo.-Kans. _. ______------____ ------••• 22, 966 l , 254, 000 2, 736 693, 000 Los Angeles-L. Beach , Calif.. ______69, 337 7, 032, 000 Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va ••• ------. _. _••• •• ______295, 385 2, 861, 000 Louisvi lie, Ky.-lnd ••. _. _. __ • _. _.•.•.• __ •••••••••.• ___.• _ 10, 536 827, 000 Youngstown-Warren, Ohio ___.------•• _. ______2, 139 536, 000 Memphis, Tenn-Ark ._------12, 627 770, 000 ~~~~~~~~~~- Miami , Fla •••. ______• ______------___ _ 12, 737 1, 261, 000 Tot aI. ... . -. - ----. ------. ------1, 605, 355 ------Milwaukee, Wis •• __ _• ______• __ -- __•• ------•• ------. 10, 166 1, 404, 000

Note: Th is figure represents 60.8 percent of 2,639,825 total Federal employees listed by the Civil Service Commission as of Dec. 31, 1971.

HON. MAURICE H. THATCHER KENTUCKY OFFICIAL His wife, the former Anne Bell Chinn of He began practicing law in Frankfort, Ky., Frankfort, Ky., died ln 1960. At one time she in 1898 and later that year began serving as was a member of the governing boa.rd of the assistant attorney general of Kentucky. He League of Republican Women of the District. HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD moved to Louisville next and from 1901 to Services will be held at 1 :30 p.m. tomor­ OF PENNSYLVANIA 1906 was assistant U.S. attorney for the west­ row at the Lee Funeral Home, 4th Street and Massachusetts Avenue NW. It ls re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ern district of Kentu~ky. From 1908 to 1910 he was the state examiner and inspector for quested that expressions of sympathy be in Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Kentucky. the form of contributions to the Scottish Rite Foundation, 1733 16th St. NW, for an Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I am sad­ President William Howard Taft appointed Mr. Thatcher to the Isthmian Canal Com­ educational fund. dened by the passing of a distinguished mission in 1910 and also as head of the de­ former Member of the House of Rep­ partment of civil administration of the Canal resentatives, the Hon. Maurice H. That­ Zone. The canal opened ln 1914. The only cher c! Kentucky. Congressman Thatcher bridge over the canal carries his name. died at the age of 102 and remained to Mr. Thatcher next returned to his law SOCIAL SECURITY INCREASES the end an active and concerned Ameri­ practice in Louisville, where he later served can. I submit for printing in the RECORD on the boa.rd of public safety and as de­ the obituary from the Washington Star partment counsel for Louisville. While in Congress, Mr. Thatcher was ac­ HON. RICHARD G. SHOUP which illuminates the long and produc­ tive in supporting legislation providing Canal OF MONTANA tive life of our remarkable former col­ area improvements. He returned to the Canal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES league. Zone on a number of visits, including a 1956 Tuesday, January 9, 1973 MAURICE THATCHER DIES; trip and another in 1958 that was held on Ex-CONGRESSMAN, 102 the 100th anniversary of the birth of Theo­ Mr. SHOUP. Mr. Speaker, the 92d Former Rep. Maurice H. Thatcher, 102, the dore Roosevelt. Congress passed legislation which pro­ only surviving member of the Isthmian Canal Mr. Thatcher also sponsored legislation vided social security increases of 20 per­ Commission and once civil governor of the that expanded the foreign and domestic air­ cent. This measure was enacted into law Panama Canal Zone, died Saturday at his mail services, converted Camp Knox, Ky., of World War I into the permanent m1litary and recipients looked forward to a larger home on 16th Street NW. check in October. In many cases the in­ Mr. Thatcher also was the oldest surviving post there, created the Mammoth Cave Na­ former member of Congress. A Republican, tional Park and expanded the Abraham Lin­ crease proved to be a myth. coln Birthplace National Historical Site and State and local governments noted the he represented the Kentucky district that the Zachary Taylor National Cemetery. included Louisville from 1923 to 1933. He was social security increases as increases in He also sponsored legislation establishing individual income and used this as an nominated for reelection to the House in 1932 a free ferry across the Pacific entrance of the but gave up that nomination to seek his Panama Canal and a highway connecting lt excuse to slash welfare benefits, medi­ party's nomination for the Senate instead. to the Panama. road system. caid, aid to the blind, disabled, depend­ He failed to win the Senate nomination. Mr. Thatcher was the author of legislation ent children and others. It was not the After leaving Congress he practiced law in 1928 that established and continued oper­ intent of Congress to cut these essential here until a.bout two years a.go. ation of the Gorgas Memorial Laboratory in benefits but to provide social security Mr. Thatcher was born ln Chicago, but Panama City. Named for his friend, Col. Wil­ recipients with a much needed increase when he was 4 years old his family moved to liam C. Gorgas, a pioneer in yellow fever in benefits. Butler County, Ky., and settled near Morgan­ work, the laboratory is prominent in tropical It is incompr~hensible to think that town. disease research. After working a.s a farmer he was employed Mr. Thatcher served seven terms as presi­ our hard pressed senior citizens are by a newspaper and by several county omces. dent of the District ·Society of Mayflower being deprived of benefits that are right­ From 1892 until he resigned in 1896 to study Descendants and also was counselor and fully theirs. At best many of these citi­ law, he was clerk of the Butler Oounty Cir­ deputy governor of the General Society of zens who have contributed so much are cuit Court. Mayflower Descendants. living with modest means. More often January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 695 their financial status is precarious, often JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET nues, and this is one of the big reasons desperate. for continued big deficits. I am reintroducing this bill to assure As you know, when we change admin­ that thousands of our fellow citizens will HON. HAROLD RUNNELS istrations every 4 or 8 years, each new receive the benefits that Congress in­ OF NEW MEXICO President brings in people who assist him tended them to have. My bill will assure in projecting revenue estimates and pre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES paring a Federal budget. that the increase in social security bene­ Tuesday, January 9, 1973 fits does in fact go to the recipient as a It is time to change our entire ap­ real, net 20-percent increase. Mr. RUNNELS. Mr. Speaker, there has proach to this problem by having Con­ been considerable debate in regard to the gress come up with its own revenue esti­ Mr. Speaker, I include my bill dealing mate and budget and then provide each with social security benefits in the REc­ role of the Congress in establishing na­ tional spending priorities. In recent and every Member with a monthly bal­ o"in at this time in its entirety: years, the trend has been for the execu­ ance sheet indicating how the legislation H.R. 1685 tive branch of Government to encroach is affecting that budget. A blll to require States to pass along to pub­ upon the responsibility that should be left If Congress adopts this proposal, it lic assistance receipients who are entitled to the Congress. should be able to come up with budgets to social security benefits ~e 1972 increase Some would argue that administra­ more accurate and realistic than those in such benefits, either by disregarding it tions, both past and present, have im­ we have been getting from the executive in determining their need for ·assistance pounded various Federal funds which branch. Congress will then be able to or otherwise have been duly appropriated by the Con­ take the necessary steps to avoid the defi­ Be it enacted by the Senate and HO'U8e gress because the Congress has acted ir­ cit spending which has plagued this Na­ of Representatives of the United States of responsibly in matters of the Federal tion in recent decades. America assembled, That in addition to the budget. I do not propose that we replace the requirements imposed by law as a condition Other Presidents have held up the ex­ budget-making role of the executive, but of approval of a State plan to provide aid or penditure of appropriated funds' in the only that we supplement it with a con­ assistance to individuals under title I. X, past, but this practice has reached new gressional budget. Such a system would XIV, or XVI, or part A of title IV, of the heights under the present administra­ provide its own checks and balances. Social Security Act, there is hereby imposed tion, which has chosen to terminate the This joint responsibility on matters of tlie requirement (and the plan shall be rural environmental assistance pro­ the budget is a practice that has worked deemed to require) that, in the case of any gram-REAP-abolish 2-percent loans effectively in my own State of New Mex­ individual found eligible (as a result of the to the Rural Electric Administration­ ico, where legislators have two budgets to requirement imposed by this Act or other­ REA-and curtail emergency loans to compare-one from the executive branch wise) for aid or assistance for any month farmers and rural homeowners by the and one from their own Legislative Fi­ after August 1972 who also receives in such Farmers Home Administration. nance Committee. month a monthly insurance benefit under There may be arguments pro and con Under this method of operation, New filtle II of such Act which is increased (or is on these agricultural programs, as well Mexico legislators usually wind up ap­ greater than it would otherwise be) by rea­ proving parts of both budgets, but in the ot the enactment of section 201 of Pub­ as the many other programs which the son President has seen fit to curtail, but the end the taxpayers get a better break. lic Law 92-336, the sum of the aid or assist­ The State, this year, ended the year with ance received by him for such month, plus individual merits of these programs is not the real issue at the moment. a $41 million surplus. A surplus at a time the monthly insurance benefit received by when many State governments across him in such month, shall not be less than At stake, I feel, is the ability of the tbe sumof- Congress to exercise its constitutional au­ this Nation are experiencing deficits. (1) the aid or assistance which would have thority on matters of Government spend­ By having its own committee on the been received by him for such month under ing. Federal budget, Congress would be in a the State plan as in effect for Augusf .1972, If the Congress is relinquishing its re­ better position to vote on matters of Fed­ plus sponsibility to the executive branch, eral spending and the economy. I think (2) the monthly insurance benefit which either by design or its inability to cope it is time the Congress took a long, hard was or would have been received by him for with the problem, I feel that the time look at such a proposal and accepted the August 1972, plus the amount by which such has come jor us to establish the machin­ responsibility of better controlling the benefit (effective for months after August ery which would enable us to adequately financial affairs of this Nation. This leg­ 1972) was or would have been increased by do the job. islation, Mr. Speaker, would provide Con­ such section 201, Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I am today in­ gress with the tool it needs to do the job. whether this requirement is satisfied by dis­ troducing legislation to establish a Joint regarding a portion of his monthly insurance Committee on the Federal Budget. The benefit or otherwise. primary function of this committee will be to estimate Federal revenues and pro­ "ON PEACE IN OUR TIME," AN AD­ vide Congress with a recommended Fed­ DRESS BY MR. FORBES MANN, eral budget each fiscal year. It will also SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT, THE provide Congress with a monthly balance LTV CORP. BEFORE THE SAN MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN­ sheet on appropriations. FRANCISCO CHAPI'ER OF THE HOW LONG? This joint House-Senate committee AMERICAN ORDNANCE ASSOCIA­ would consist of 26 members, including TION the chairmen of the House Appropria­ HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE tions Committee, the House Ways and HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE OF IOWA Means Committ'ee, the Senate Appropri­ OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ations Committee, the Senate Finance Committee, and 11 more Members ap­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, January 9, 1973 pointed from both the House and Sen­ Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child ate. Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: It is my intent that the efforts of this Mr. Forbes Mann, senior vice president "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my committee will be directed toward the re­ LTV Corp., Dallas Tex., presented the husband alive or dead?" duction of huge Government deficits such main address before the San Francisco Communist North Vietnam is sadisti­ as the $23 billion deficit incurred in fiscal Chapter of the American Ordnance As­ cally practicing spiritual and mental year 1972. sociation, an organization of American genocide on over 1,757 American prison­ Historically, we find that almost all ad­ citizens dedicated to peace through in­ ers of war and their families. ministrations-Democrat and Republi­ dustrial preparedness for national de­ How long? can-have overestimated Federal reve- fense. 696 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 Mr. Mann has had a long tenure of The world still obeys, unfortunately, cer­ of the fact that the total mmtary expendi­ tain of the laws of the jungle. It has now tures by all nations equals the Income pro­ service with LTV and spent several of been over 40 years since an expert on such duced by the 1.8 blllion people in the poorer those years of service here in Washing­ matters of no less stature than Joseph Stalin, half of the world's population. The real ton. He is well known to many in this speaking of the exploiters who had caused so tragedy is that unilaterally to disarm one­ body, and in my estimation one of the much suffering in old Russia, pointed out: self is, however, likely only to bring greater finest corporate executives that I know. "You are backward, you are weak-therefore misery into the world. Under leave to extend my remarks in the you are wrong; hence, you can be beaten and The point of view that the mllitary power of the U.S. is already more than adequate to RECORD, I wish to include the text of Mr. enslaved. You are mighty-therefore you are right; hence, we must be wary of you." assure our survival is a difficult one to assess, Mann's address and commend its read­ It ls tragic indeed that the world should for in essence one must decide-how much ing to all of the Members of this body: spend 6.4 percent of its total output on its is enough? The one thing that does seem ON PEACE IN OUR TIME mllltary forces. But is is even more tragic to clear is that although 10 percent too much (By Forbes Mann) recall the price paid by those who in the past m111tary force might be considered wasteful, have too sorely tempted the appetites of 10 percent too little might be fatal. THE QUEST FOR PEACE would-be aggressors. We should perbaps re­ The end goal of our m111tary forces is to It has now been 34 years since Neville mind ourselves that the price paid by each provide sufficient strength to deter any po­ Chamberlain's triumphant return from American to maintain our nation's mmtary tential aggressor from initiating either an Munich to tell the world that it was to enjoy strength comes to about one dollar per day. all-out strategic exchange or a more limited "peace in our time." Unfortunately, as these Stated in a somewhat lighter vein, our tactical conflict. Clearly, in the latter case very words were spoken, preparations were goal is to avoid the situation which was we do not now have-nor do we know how to being made for the overthrow of Czecho­ recently reported in the weather forecast of achieve-a high confidence deterrent. In the slovakia ... and, eventually, of Hungary, an Iowa newspaper, "There is a 60 percent former case, we appear to be in a much Poland, Norway, Holland and France as well. chance of tomorrow and the next day!" stronger position; although what is adequate In the years that have intervened, the people A QUESTION In this sense depends not upon what we con­ of America have enjoyed not peace but rather sider to be adequate but rather upon what have suffered 20 years of tension and the But one must ask, "If strength is indeed a sina qua non In assuring peace, why then the USSR and People's Republic of China agonies of fourteen years of outright war. consider to be an inhibitant. One impor­ Beyond World War II, the world has seen does such a large body of citizenry oppose expenditures for our military forces?" I sus­ tant--and often neglected-point is that fighting in such diverse places as Israel and one's strategic deterrent must be sufficient Egypt, North and South Korea, North and pect the answer is manifold, but the principal arguments go something like the following: to provide unacceptable punishment to an South Vietnam and Cambodia and Laos and enemy after having absorbed a surprise at­ Cuba and India and Pakistan and Hungary First, it ls argued that the military power of the United States is already awsome. In tack by that enemy, and after having en­ and, once again, in Czechoslovakia. countered the defenses of that enemy. If this The people of America have come to hunger addition, there is no reason for anyone to attack the United States, as evidenced by the is not the case, one may place a potential for peace more than anything else in the enemy in the highly dangerous position of world. They are tired of conflict. They are ex­ fact that even tensions with the Soviet Union and the People's Republlc of China seem to being able to win if he initiates the confiict­ hausted with war. These views are shared by and, possibly, only if he initiates the conflict. all Americans, the young and the old, the be relaxing. It is said that we no longer can afford to be, or need to be, the world's As measured in terms of our strength, in wealthy and the poor, and by the people who relation to that of the USSR, it would seem make up our military and defense industry police force. We have urgent needs for our limited resources right here at home-where that we do not provide for ourselves any­ too. They want peace, not only in our time, where near the capability that the Soviets but also in our children's time, and in their pollution threatens our very ability to breathe, where crime is rampant, where our have considered necessary for themselves. children's time. The Soviets have 3,100 home defense inter­ The disagreement that exists is over how inner cities are crumbling and where our highways kill more people than all our wars ceptor aircraft. We have 400. The Soviets have one achieves this much sought peace. It ls 10,000 surface-to-air misslle launchers for about this topic that I plan to talk with you combined. Further, even if we did spend more money on defense, it would surely be home defense. We have 600. The Soviets have this evening. I would like to suggest that the three times as many tanks as we, more artil­ path to peace ls in part through the achieve­ squandered by the ineptitude of the defense officials. And, finally, the real threat to our lery, more armored combat vehicles and over ment of mmtary streng·th . .. and that, in a million more uniformed men. They have contrast, it is the path to war that is paved country's well being is not some distant for­ with mllitary weakness. eign power, but is our own military industrial operational ballistic missile defenses, anti­ This ls not, of course, a new notion. George complex-which is already so powerful as ship mlsslles and orbital bombardment sys­ Washington warned us "There is nothing so to endanger the very economic survival of tems and several other systems of which, we likely to produce peace as to be well pre­ our country's social programs. as yet, have none. Over half the ships of the I would like to take a few moments to U.S. Navy are over 20 years old, as compared pared to meet an enemy." The Durants in with one percent for the USSR. reviewing The Lessons of History noted that address these viewpoints. Many, of course, "Pea{)e ls an unstable equilibrlum, which have degrees of merit, and, unfortunately, The USSR seems, in fact, dedicated to can be preserved only by acknowledged none are truly satisfactorily answered in a clearly and decisively surpassing the U.S. In supremacy or equal power." few words. All, however, would seem to have virtually all aspects of mmtary strength. Four Babylon was the largest and richest nation suffered in the past from the absence of a years ago, Russia had 550 ICBMs. Today they of its time, but Its complacency easily per­ balanced presentation of the facts. I bel!eve have 1500. Four years ago the U.S. had 1056 mitted the Medes and Persians to overrun it there can be little question that some seg­ ICBMs. Today we have 1056. Four years ago and enslave its people. Rome, too, was the ments of the media have been much quicker the USSR had 5 advanced strategic missile extraordinary power of its age, yet It too was to criticize the fa111ngs of those who are submarines. Today they have 34, with num­ destroyed. Perhaps the strongest nation in responsible for our nation's defense than to ber 42 now in the shipyards. Four years ago the Americas before our own time was that publicize their successes. the U.S. had 41 strategic misslle submarines; of the Incas, but it collapsed in the face of The problem with the press, it might be today we still have 41. The payload of the better armed invaders. Turning to more worth nothing in passing, is not unique to USSR strategic ballistic mlsslle force, under recent times, one can speculate what would the defense complex. You may have read in the relationship essentially frozen by the have been the fate of Israel had it embraced connection with a recent visit by Queen SALT agreement, is about four times that a policy of cutting m111tary expenditures and Elizabeth to France that she, too, was shocked of our own. This enormous "throw-weight" relying upon diplomacy to assure survival. to learn of her image, as projected by the advantage provides the basis for major capa­ History would indeed seem to suggest that· press. It seems that the French media, In this b111ty upgrading, should the Soviets elect to weakness ... weakness in military power or case, had over the years reported her as being pursue this avenue. In fact, it ls only In the in wlll ... is itself the greatest threat to pregnant on 92 separate occasions, having areas of aircraft carriers, attack helicopters, peace. suffered 149 accidents and having nine mis­ heavy bombers and multiple independently There is much insight in the warning of carriages. Further, she had abdicated 63 targeted reentry vehicles that the U.S. has Santayana that "Those who do not remember times, been on the verge of breaking up with not already relinquished clear military su­ the past are condemned to repeat it." But it Prince Phllip 73 times, been on the edge of premacy. is not necessary to search the pages of his­ a nervous breakdown on 32 occasions and Turning for a moment to space, the Soviets tory to learn that regardless of how intensely had endured fully 27 ·attempts on her life, are continuing to increase the number of one may cherish peace, no one nation can, by And I thought the defense industry had a space launches they conduct, adding about itself, assure peace. The arithmetic is quite bad press! 8 more each year than were conducted the simple. It takes two to make peace ... but THE OTHER smE OF THE COIN previous year-an unwaivering course they only one to make war. Ask any boy in a big It should be said at the outset that the ex­ have maintained ever since the days of Sput­ city whether or not the best way to stay out tent of military expenditures in the world nik. In contrast, the U.S. annual rate of of a fight is by being the smallest kid on the today ls one of the most saddening testimo­ launches has decreased by 10 per year since block. nials to our time. One should never lose sight the U.S. space effort first began its d~Une January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 697 in 1966. These trends still appear to be largely frontiers of technology--enduring all the nomic slump which prevails in America." unchecked. risks attendant thereto. In spite of all the This speaker was not the president of some Let us turn now to the point which is so publicity given to the defense industry in American university ... nor even the pres­ often heard that we must reduce our ex­ recent years, few people realize that fully 52 ident of the aerospace firm. It was none other penditures on defense . . . so that we can percent of the aerospace industry's sales next than Nikita Khruschev. increase attention to much needed social year w1ll come from products that did not The current economic plight of our na­ programs. This shifting of funds has, in fact, even exist in 1969. In the case of the space tion's engineers and scientists is indeed seri­ already been accomplished to such an extent program, it has been said that its current ous and unfortunate. However, engineers and that the questions today is only one of degree. problems i;tem not from repeated failure, but scientists have no special right to pursue The defense share of the total federal, state rather from brilliant success. their field any more than any other group and local budget is the lowest it has been It is particularly important to rectify the unless they can contribute usefully to so­ since 1940 ... the year before our weakness common misconception that the aerospace ciety. The underlying concern is simply that invited Pearl Harbor. In fa.ct, the Department industry is soaking up in profits much of scientific knowledge has in the past formed of Health, Education, and Welfare has now what is being devoted to our national de­ a. major element in the foundation of our surpassed the Department of Defense as the fense. A few statistics should suffice. Accord­ country's ab111ty to assure its freedom and to government's number one spender. In the ing to the Federal Trade Commission report compete successfully in world markets. Al­ eight yea.rs since the beginning of the Viet­ for the first three quarters of last year, aero­ though it takes only months to dismantle a nam war, the number of defense employees space net profits amounted to 1.9 percent of nation's technical fibre, it takes many, many has actually decreased by about 150,000. In sales, as compared with 4.2 percent for manu­ years to build it anew. contrast, other federal, state and local em­ facturing industries as a whole. Based on In the case of the aerospace industry, em­ ployment has grown by 4,000,000 in this same equity capital, aerospace profits amount to ployment of scientists and engineers has in­ time period. 6.2 percent, as compared with 9.6 percent for deed declined precipitously-by over 81,000 There is a common misconception that if manufacturing as a whole. If profits are in­ from the peak of 235,000 just five years ago. we were only to reduce our defense budget, deed as lucrative as one is often led to be­ Overall employment in the industry has we would then be able to solve all those prob­ lieve, it is particularly difficult to explain why dropped by about one-third of the 1,450,000 lems of our society which have heretofore over half the aerospace firms in Forbes list­ total labor force that existed that same year. escaped solution. To test the validity of this ing for 1971 ended the year selling for less The overall number of jobs created by de­ belief, assume for a moment that we were than book value. fense spending has likewise dropped by 2,- in fact to change our basic philosophy on Again, one should not draw the conclusion 486,000 in the corresponding time period. The the need for national defense and that the that there is no further room for improve­ average jobless rate for professional and United States' defense budget were thereby ment. There is much room. For example, it technical workers last year, according to the cut to, say, the level expended by the Somali is particularly disquieting that the notion Department of Labor, was the highest since Republic. Would this then make possible the has come into vogue that massive paperwork unemployment statistics first began to be rebuilding of our cities, the elimination of systems can become adequate substitutes for collected in 1948. poverty, the cleansing of our environment, good management. There simply is no sub­ As a result, it is not surprising that fresh­ and the elimination of crime? The answer stitute for capable people in management. man enrollment in U.S. enginering schools is that in the years ahead it would make The Blue Ribbon Defense Panel noted that declined 16.8 percent this year alone. Among possible only a 15 percent increase in non­ documentation requirements cost the De­ aeronautical engineering undergraduates, the defense public spending. Many perhaps would fense Department an estimated $4.4 billion drop has been even more precipitous. This argue that a 15 percent increase in the effec­ in 1969 alone. If this figure could even have trend, if unchecked, cannot help but portend tiveness of our public spending might al­ been halved, it would have been possible to great difficulty in recovering world leadership ternatively be achieved merely through the procure five squadrons of fighter aircraft, 20 in the aerospace field ... a field wherein the improvement of the efficiency with which battalions of tanks and two destroyers with average engineer is already 42 years of age. those programs are administered. But, be the funds saved that year alone. A WORLD wrrHOUT SCIENCE assured that if the United States were to The paperwork plague, incidentally, has cut its defense budget to this degree, there not been limited to defense matters. The The growing disaffection of many Ameri­ is a very high probability that air pollution, United Nations, for example, was recently cans with military research and development, traffic congestion and aging buildings would estimated to have spent at least one-seventh as is often reported in our nation's media, indeed be reduced to the lesser of our prob­ of its entire budget to generate documents. has expanded in the minds of many to en­ lems. Such important matters as how to determine compass all research and development. There This is not to suggest, however, that we a tiger's sex from its paw print have been can be no question that modern technology can afford to neglect those problems which recorded. Important-if you happen to be a has immensely complicated the world in affiict our society today. Rather, it is to sug­ tiger! Things reached such a point that a which we live, producing the automobiles gest that we can, and must, solve those prob­ 31-nation committee spent a year studying which pollute our atmosphere and the ships lems without dismembering our capab111ty to how to reduce paperwork. It is reassuring which pollute our seas. Nonetheless, I doubt defend ourselves. Recall that we as a nation to know that its 219 page report has now very much that there are many who, after a now have an annual gross national output been released. few moments thought, would really wish to which exceeds one trillion dollars. Remem­ The Defense Department also is struggling return to a world without the benefits of ber that we still spend half as much on dog to reduce paperwork. One recent request for modern technology. It is worth considering and cat food, for example, as on the entire proposals limited the offeror's response to that perhaps one-third of the people in this space program. Or, that we spend half as 1,250 pages. Unfortunately, the government's audience would not even be alive today were much on toys and accessories for our dogs request for proposals filled 935 pages! it not for the advancements in medical sci­ and cats as we spend on defense research The last of the assertions about our na­ ence, which together with improvements in and development. Thirty percent of our tion's military capability that I would like the distribution of health care, have contrib­ households own two or more cars, 95 percent to examine is that the defense industry has uted to the striking increase in life expect­ own at least one television set, 45 percent such immense financial power that it is able ancy achieved since the turn of the cen­ possess air conditioning, a third have freez­ to exert unhealthy pressures for the pro­ tury. In 1900, for example, an American en­ ers and one in five has a dishwasher. Yet, curement of unneeded weapons. Consider for joyed a.n average lifespan of about 47 yea.rs. without adequate defense, all this wealth a moment the fact that the total market Today the figure has surpassed 70 years and could become incidental. value of the five largest aerospace firms all is still growing. We have a story in Texas about a rancher added together is about three-fourths that Without science we would have none of the who had almost taught his horse to eat saw­ of the Schering-Plough Company. The com­ luxuries of life which we have now come to dust instead of expensive oats ... when the bined figure for these aerospace companies accept as essentials. There would be no air horse went and died. does, however, manage to match Schlum­ conditioning, no stoves, and no electric lights. Let me now turn to the belie! that the gov­ berger, Inc. But just barely. So much for No vaccines, radios or telephones. The Presi­ ernment and the defense industry are so financial power. dent has reminded us that American science inept that additional expenditures to assure in recent years has found a way of preventing our m111tary strength would merely be squan­ SIDE EFFECTS polio, placed men on the moon, and sent tele­ dered away in bureaucratic inefficiency ... One of the more serious long-term conse­ vision pictures across the ocean. a belief which, unfortunately, is not un­ quences of the decline of the defense indus­ try has been its effect on student enrollment This same technology, which has taken commonly held. Clearly, there is always room man to the frontiers of space, has also pro­ for improvement in the execution of the de­ in engineering and the natural sciences in fense program. Yet, there are reasons why our colleges and universities. One must won­ duced many down-to-earth benefits. A few the defense industry has had, and is having, der at the foresight of the individual who, years ago, for example, information from a such great difficulties, in even so basic a speaking in 1958, foresaw that ". . . in the weather satellite provided warning of hurri­ matter as controlling cost. Aside from its United States the number of engineers and cane Carla, triggering one of the largest mass probably unequalled position in the public's technologists graduated every year is not evacuations ever to take place in the United eye, there is the fact that the industry tra­ more than 25,000 to 26,000, and these grad­ States. Over 350,000 people were moved from ditionally has had to perform on the very uates have no work to do owing to the eco- the path of the storm-with a saving in lives 698 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 the magnitude of which can only be conjec­ social security as an important factor [From the Hudson Dispatch, Nov. 20, 1972) tured. in their plans for providing for their re­ JUDGE ROSEN, 62, SUCCUMBS, WAS ON And just as weather satellites ·can provide CIRcurr BENCH warning of impending storms, so too can tirement years. These citizens, who work other satellites provide warning of growing hard and pay a lifetime of contributions Judge James J. Rosen of the U.S. Third pollution or of crop diseases. It has been esti­ into the social security fund, rightfully Circuit Court of appeals, died Saturday of an look forward to the day when they can apparent heart attack at his home, 6600 mated that fire, insects and disease cause Boulevard East, West New York. He was 62 from 13 to 20 billion dollars of agricultural retire and begin to receive the fruits of years old. damage each year in the United States alone. their labors. Sadly, all too many persons Judge Rosen, who began his public career If warning and localization of these threats approaching retirement find out that re­ as chairman of the Weehawken Republican could be provided at a sufficiently early time tirement, instead of being a time of ful­ Party, was sworn in Nov. 1, 1971 as judge to prevent even 20 percent of this damage, fillment, will actually mean deprivation, of the Third Circuit Court, one rung below this in itself would pay for the space program the United States Supreme Court. in its entirety. since social security is not a retirement or pension system in that contributions He was nominated for the post at the urg­ The under-estimation of the benefits of ing of his longtime friend and fellow Repub­ scientific change, and the generation of an to this fund d-0 not automatically build lican, Sen. Clifford P. Case of New J·ersey. attendant desire to resist it is a well estab­ equity. Under certain circumstances, Tall, soft-spoken and traditionally gray, the lished human phenomena. Some years ago, persons can pay some 40 years worth of jurist frequently exhibited a humanistic ex­ then New York Governor Martin Van Buren contributions to social security and yet pressed belief in spankings for errant younP'~ wrote to President Andrew Jackson to warn be able to leave nothing to their families. sters and misgivings about reforming gur-­ of the ominous threat posed by one new tech­ men. nology of his day: "The canal system of this Furthermore, a person can pay into country," he wrote, "is being threatened by a social security for a lifetime only to find AN ARMED ROBBER new form of transportation known as rail­ himself ineligible at the age of 65 to And yet, as a Hudson County judge as­ roads. The Federal Government must pre­ collect one thin dime's worth of benefits signed to the criminal section, he once braved serve the canals for the following reasons: If should he or she continue to work at a an open meeting of the Weehawken PTA canal boats are supplanted by railroads, salary of a certain amount. Not only that, while county law officials provided him with serious unemployment will result. Captains, an armed guard against an escaped convict cooks, drivers, hostlers, repairmen and lock the same person who chooses to work to whom Rosen had given 15 to 21 years in tenders will be left without means of liveli­ after age 65 must continue paying social the state prison. hood, not to mention the numerous farmers security tax on his or her earnings. I He hadn't requested the guard against the now employed in growing hay for horses. Boat find these facts tragic and shocking. convicted armec.. robber but officials even ex­ builders would suffer and towline, ship and In an attempt to bring greater justice tended it around his home. harness makers would be left destitute. Canal to the social security law, I am today in­ It was on this occasion that Rosen re­ boats are absolutely essential to the defense marked that men who carried guns are the troducing a bill to abolish the limitation lowest in the annals of crime and he felt no of the United States." placed on the amount of outside income We are indeed fortunate that this nation hope of rehab111tatlon for gunmen. did not then, or at any time since then, an individual may earn in order to con­ On other occasions he would chide par­ subscribe to such a policy of resisting scien­ tinue to receive his or her social security ents for failing to spend time with their tific change. One cannot forever defend hiS benefits. It is my hope that the Congress children or resorting to child psychology country using canal boats, anymore than he will act quickly to pass this legislation. when an "old fashlonec. spanking" would be can guarantee employment to lock tenders. The time has come for the American more appropriate. The problem, then, is not one of preventing people to receive the benefits of their At the outset of his judicial career, which change, but rather is one of adapting change hard work-no longer should a person began with an appointment to the Hudson to serve man. And in the all-important area County Court by then Democratic Gov. Rob­ of assuring our nation's defense, one can be who at age 65 chooses to continue work­ ert Meyner in 1959, Judge Rosen advocated absolutely certain that to stand stlll is to ing be penalized for his initiative or ef­ innovative reforms for prisons and court fall backward. forts, both past and present, by not being sentencing of criminals. He was in the post less than a year when IF PAST IS PROLOG able to collect that money which is right­ he was to announce. that something should Thus, if that which is past is indeed pro­ fully his. be done about building detention and treat­ logue, we can ill-afford to repeat the errors ment centers for drug addicts, alcoholics and of Nevllle Chamberlain's era. As former Sec­ mental incompetents. retary of State Dean Rusk recently sug­ He felt that some social rehabilitative ef­ gested to the young people of our nation, one THE LATE HON. JAMES J. ROSEN forts should be done for persons "whose does not enhance himself by criticizing the problems and actions bring them into crim­ errors of his father-only to repeat the er­ inal courts but who probably (do not) bene­ rors of his grandfather. fit from imprisonment." We must avoid the fate of the Free World HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS of the 1930's, which talked of peace in its OF NEW JERSEY FROM COUNTY COURT time, practiced appeasement and reaped IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He also considered the policy of allow­ war. Such is the legacy of those who would ing one man to impose a. major sentence on believe that peace is founded on aspirations Tuesday, January 9, 1973 a convicted criminal as something inferior to rather than vigilance. Mr. DOMINICK V. DANIELS. Mr. the European practice of leaving ;the deci­ It is responsible people, like this audience, sion to a panel of judges. who have got to carry the message to the Speaker, it is with deep regret that I He argued that the practice reduces the public and make them understand the vital announce the untimely passing of my number of court appeals and offers differ­ relationship of strength to security. Given good friend and a good friend of every ing insights and opinions while minimiz­ the facts, 1 am confident the majority wlll citizen of New Jersey, the Honorable ing human error in judgment. prevail and make themselves heard. It is up James J. Rosen of the U.S. Third Circuit From the county court Judge Rosen was to you and me to see that they get the facts! Court of Appeals. to move up into the state's Superior Court. Let it be the legacy of the '70's that we did Another Democratic governor, this time, not merely hope for peace, but that we back­ Judge Rosen embodied all the charac­ Gov. Richard Hughes, was to offer his name ed that hope with the strength-both of teristics of an exemplu.ry judge. He un­ in nomination to the state senate in August capab111ty and wlll-to transform desire into derstood that justic~ was a combination of 1964. The senate confirmed the nomina­ reality. For then, and only then, may it some­ of strict discipline mitigated by measured tion. day be said that the :s<'ree vt_orld of the 70's reason and mercy. REPLACES HASTIE shunned the appeasement of an earlier time, There he stayed until Nov. 1, 1971 when ended t.he war of its time, and did in fact He was a strong and early believer in he was sworn in as a Third Circuit Judge ::iarvest an enduring peace. the rehabilitative process in the prison by Judge ColUns J. Seltz of the same court. system and worked hard during and prior He replaced Judge William J. H. Hastie, who THE NEED FOR JUSTICE IN to his tenure on the bench for prison re­ retired. form. He understood that men who had As a Superior Court Judge, he once ruled SOCIAL SECURITY out Hoboken's mayoral election on June 25, run up against the law cannot merely be 1965 when current Mayor Louis DePascale hidden away behind barren walls with­ had defeated Edward J. Borrone for the post. HON. ROBERT PRICE out returning to society as criminals. DePascale ultimately won the Nov. 16 run­ OF TEXAS Mr. Speaker, the Jersey Journal and off election as ordained by Judge Rosen in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Hudson Dispatch have both eulogized his decision. Saturday, January 6, 1973 Judge Rosen was also credited with CIVic, Judge Rosen on their front pages and in . charitable and social contributions. Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, the editorials. I include those articles in my Following the successful Republican American people have come to accept statement today, and they follow: election of 1949 when Charles Krause January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 699 was elected mayor, Judge Rosen was ap­ Sen. Clifford Case to President Nixon for the "It was Judge Rosen's dedication that in­ pointed Township attorney, a. post he held post. spired the Hudson County Bar Foundation's until his appointment to the county court. Despite his rise to prominence, the late building of its law library and home. That Preceding and during that period, he had jurist never lost his community interest. building was the achievement of his lifetime, served as president of the Hudson County Whatever his schedule, he made it a practice the fulfillment of his dream," Ruvoldt added. Bar Assn., Exalted Ruler of the Weehawken to be at Weehawken Elks' annual newspaper Charles F. Krause 3d, president of the North Elks and state deputy attorney general in dinner to strongly defend the free press of Hudson Lawyers' Club, called Judge Rosen charge of investigating the waterfront. America. "a. lawyer's lawyer, and after he ascended to Testimonials came from such organizations "Jim" Rosen was a good friend to Hudson the bench, a judge's judge.'• as the Jewish Community Center of North County, its lawyers, newsmen, political lead­ Krause's father, Charles F. Krause Jr., who Hudson of which he was a past president; ers and civic activists. His kind don't pass served as mayor while Mr. Rosen was town Temple Beth-El in North Bergen dedicated our way often enough. attorney, was out of town, but his wife told a Friday night service to him; and the newsmen the elder Krause would be "shocked Palestine Histradrut Committee singled him [From the Jersey Journal, Nov. 20, 1972] and dismayed" to learn of Judge Rosen's out. JUDGE ROSEN FUNERAL RITES SLATED TODAY death. BORN IN BROOKLYN Meanwhile, Mayor Stanley Iacono, the Expressions of shock and sorrow came from tewn's present mayor, said, "Weehawken is He once served as Red Cross Fund Drive all parts of the state today at the death of chairman and with the State Law Enforce­ proud and honored that Judge Rosen had his Judge James A. Rosen, who rose to the U.S. beginnings here--we feel it would only have ment Council he investigated the banking Third District Court of Appeals from meager and insurance industry in 1955. beginnings in Brooklyn. been a matter of time before he reached the He was affiliated with B'Nai B'rith, Israel Supreme Court.'' Judge Rosen, 63, who was appointed to the Rabbi Sidney Nissenbaum, who presided at Bonds, United Jewish Appeal, North Hudson nation's second highest court last November, Farband, Jewish Hospital of New Jersey, died of a heart attack at his home, 6600 the wedding of Judge Rosen to the former Yeshiva of Hudson County and the North Boulevard East, West New York, on Saturday. Mrs. Moses Sandler in 1966, caught his breath Hudson Lawyer's Club. West New York police reported that at and told a reporter he felt a deep personal Born in Brooklyn, he moved with his about 11 :20 a.m. Saturday, they received a loss as well as a loss to the Jewish and civic family to Union City in 1914. In 1929 he call to dispatch an ambulance crew to the community at the judge's demise. "He was a moved to Weehawken. He was graduated from home of the stricken judge. By the time they man for all seasons-he really was," the rabbi Union Hill High School, Union City attended arrived, however, Dr. Milton Blum and several said. New York University and graduated with other physicians who live in the building had Rabbi Nissenbaum will preside at the serv­ honors from New Jersey Law School, now pronounced him dead. ices for Judge Rosen, which are set for Tem­ Rutgers Law School. Before being elevated to the Court of ple Beth-El, 75th Street and Hudson Avenue, He began his law practice in 1931 and in Appeals, Judge Rosen had been a state Su­ at 1 :30 p.m. today. 1939 was admitted to practice law before the perior Court judge. He was selected for the After the service at Temple Beth-El, Judge U.S. Supreme Court. Rosen's body was to be interred in Beth-El latest promotion by President Nixon, and Cemetery in Paramus. SURVIVORS LISTED sponsored in that nomination by Sen. Clifford P. Case. Judge Rosen also is survived by Mrs. Jane His first wife, Mrs. Pearl (nee Heyman), Judge Rosen attended Union Hlll High Feder and Mrs. Linda Hyman, his two daugh­ died July 27, 1964. School and New York University before grad­ ters by his first wife, Pearl, who died in June, Surviving are his wife, Charlotte, widow uating Rutgers University Law School and 1964; a brother, Daniel; a sister, Mrs. Sally of Dr. Moses Sandler of Fort Lee; being admitted to the bar in 1932. Kaplan; and four grandchildren. two daughters, Mrs. Jane Feder and Mrs. He served as township attorney for Wee­ Linda Human; a sister, Mrs. Sally Kaplan; a hawken, his former home, and became deputy [From the Jersey Journal, Nov. 20, 1972) brother, Daniel and four grandchildren. state attorney general 1952, in which post he JUDGE ROSEN Funeral services will be held at 1 :30 p.m. was well-known for his handling of water­ James Rosen was the kind of a man who today from Temple Beth El, North Bergen. front probes. Rabbi Sidney Nissenbaum, his personal could rise from the Weehawken Township He was named county court judge by Gov. attorney's office, through the county and friend of 30-yea.rs, will offer the eulogy. Robert B. Meyner in 1959, and five years Cantor Irving Obstbaum wi11 chant the state courts, to the second highest ranking later, Gov. Richard Hughes appointed him to court · our nation has-and still seem as memorial prayer. I nterment will be in Beth the Superior Court. El Cemetery, Washington Township. though he had never left the neighborhood. Judge Rosen was noted for his common He will be remembered as a most able judge Gutterman-Musica.nt Funeral Home, Hack­ sense approach to law. Many of the leaders ensack is handling arrangements. by the lawyers who appeared before him who paid tribute to the jurist cited the ease and as a fine legal scholar by his associates with which reporters, defendants, and other (From the Hudson Dispatch, Nov. 20, 1972) on the appellate bench. laymen could understand the rulings he Away from the courts he had a quiet, pol­ HIS PRESENCE WILL BE MISSED handed down. ished charm and a people empathy that Unfortunately, there have not been too Long before ecology became a popular might have made him a most successful many public figures from Hudson County cause, Judge Rosen, as Weehawken township candidate for office had that been his bent. in recent years you ca.red to talk about in attorney, took on the powerful New York It is significant that his judicial appoint­ mixed company outside the county. But no Central Railroad in a case centering on smoke ments came from both political parties. one ever had to apologize for Judge James pollution from coal-burning locomotives and Two of his legal exploits while Weehawken Rosen, who passed away Saturday. forced the corporate giant to switch to diesel Township counsel demonstrated how hard he As a member of the U.S. Circuit Court, engines in the Weehawken yards. worked for people. He saved about a mlllion Judge Rosen was the highest ranking jurist Judge Rosen's career as township attorney dollars for the township taxpayers by his ne­ from a county which has made many con­ was remembered also for his successful fight gotiations with the Port Authority when the tributions to the bench. But not too many to secure local gains from the Port of New third Lincoln Tunnel was built. And, at a combined "Jim" 's rare qualities of love for York Authority's construction of a third tube time when_"ecology" was a word best known justice and common sense. to the Lincoln Tunnel, a victory which ob­ to diotionary readers he fought the then In 41 yea.rs as an attorney, most of them servers say netted the community more than mighty New York Central Railroad on air right here in Hudson Dispatch Building, $1 million worth of added projects. pollution and forced it to replace smoky Judge Rosen was the highest ranking jurist On the Superior Court, Judge Rosen han­ steam engines with cleaner diesels in its prudence. As Weehawken township attorney, dled much of the litigation which resulted Weehawken yards. he carried the community's fight against the in the order to Hudson municipalities to Each of his advances was greeted with a construction of the third tube of the Lincoln re-assess all properties, industrial and resi­ universal cheer; all of Hudson shared pride Tunnel to the New Jersey Supreme Court dential, at an equal 100 per cent ratio. in him. That is the measure of Hudson's loss. and won a "David and Golia.th" upset which Many in the crowd of mourners also re­ forced the giant agency to make financial called his decision which abolished as un­ concessions to the small township in return constitutional the Hudson County Boulevard POLICE SLAYINGS AND FEDERAL for the land it was ta.king for the third tube. Commission, which had existed for more LEGISLATION It was the kind of case only a. top attorney than 60 years. could handle, and Judge Rosen proved to "He was an outstanding jurist," said re­ be that man. tired state Superior Court Judge Peter Ar­ taserse, "and his passing is a loss to both the HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON Weehawken ls stlll enjoying many of the OF ILLINOIS fruits of that victory. New Jersey and the U.S. judiciary." In 1959, he was nominated to the bench Harold Ruvoldt Sr., former president of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by then Gov. Robert B. Meyner, and brought Hudson County Bar Assoolation, over which Tuesday, January 9, 1973 his grace and friendship to the judiciary. On Judge Rosen also had presided, echoed Judge the New Jersey Superior Court, he was called Artaserse's comments: "Judge Rosen will be Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. upon to settle cases of international im­ remembered . , . as a jurist who gave the law Speaker, today six persons, including portance. When the federal court vacancy the breadth a.nd understanding of the true three policemen, lie dead and 15 others lie opened up in 1971, he was recommended by values of life: kindness and understanding. wounded in New Orleans in the after- 700 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 math of the tragic shootout at the How­ wife, Dorothy, she commented sympatheti­ assistant to President Abraham Lincoln, ard Johnson Motor Lodge. And there is cally on the plight of former President Harry Ambassador to England and Secretary of Truman who, at that moment, was dying State under Presidents William McKinley some evidence to indicate that the inci­ slowly in a. Missouri hospital. "You know, and Theodore Roosevelt. dent was deliberately contrived to lure Dorothy," she said. "When my time comes, President and Mrs. Calvin Coolidge were policemen and firemen into the area to I want to go fast. I have no desire to linger among the guests when Evie married Stuart kill them. Whether this is the work of one on." Symington on March 1, 1924. This was at St. or two deranged individuals or part of a Mrs. Cannon does not believe that Evie John's Church, across the street from the · nationwide conspiracy to ·kill police, the Symington had a. premonition of imminent Hay house. fact remains that there has been a tragic death. She and her husband later assured Symington's ushers had given him a silver in Sen. Symington they'd noticed no signs of bowl engraved with their names. On the spiral in police slayings the last few illness or discomfort in his wife. "We were all morning of Evie's death, as she and her years. In the decade from 1961 to 1971, feeling so fresh and nice and happy that husband sat in the library of their home 759 law enforcement officers were killed day," said Mrs. Cannon. "It truly was one of with the Cannons prior to leaving for the on duty, and in 1971alone,126 were mur­ the most delightful days I've ever spent." Redskins game, Sen. Cannon noticed the dered--a 46-percent increase over 1969 Essentially, Evie Symington was classifiable bowl and asked about its significance. This when 86 were slain. The time has clearly as a "homemaker," or any of the other brought forth a fiood of wedding reminis­ come to reverse and halt this spiral, and euphemisms used to describe the woman who cences. Eve laughed about the problem because these senseless acts of violence stays home and tends her family. Hers was "those great big ushers had going down a family of notable men: she was the grand­ those narrow church aisles." And the Sena­ have reached national proportions, I daughter of a Secretary of State, the daughter tor observed with satisfaction, "In 14 think Federal legislation is required. of a Senator and Representative, the wife of months, we'll celebrate our 50th wedding I am, therefore, today reintroducing a Senator and the mother of a Congressman. anniversary." two bills which I introduced in the last Many women, particularly of Evie's gen­ Sen. Symington is a man of sentiment. In Congress, one to make the killing of a eration, assure their role as keeper of the 1969, an illness necessitated two · operations policeman or fireman in the line of duty hearth by default. They take for granted for Evie and the Senator asked her at that a Federal offense, and another to provide that they have no other destiny. Mrs. Sym­ time to write out four lines of poetry she'd a $50,000 Federal payment to the sur­ ington had to make a choice. written for him before they were married. A rising star as a supper club singer in (She wrote poetry all her life, though many vivors of policemen, firemen, and correc­ New York's best hotels in the mid-1930s, she close friends never knew it.) Sen. Symington tions officers killed or totally disabled in was earning $1,700 a week, was deluged with has the poem still, on a small piece of sta­ the performance of duty. Hollywood offers and had passed a Para­ tionary with a cheerful red apple at the top. I was disappointed when, in the last mount screen test. She was planning to go It has been folded and refolded so many Congress, we failed to complete action on to California to make a movie in 1938, when times that it has come apart at the creases: similar legislation in the final days of the her husband, then a drivingly successful New York businessman, received an offer to "Oh, wm the heart be rover? session. But it is my hope that the tragic become president of, and rejuvenate, the Life, sad surprise? happenings in New Orleans this week will Emerson Electric Manufacturing Co. in St. Turn your sweet head, discover impress upon us the urgency and impor­ Louis, Mo. My steady eyes." tance of enacting this legislation early in Soon after these developments, Stuart He had brought her to Rochester, N.Y .. this session. Symington received a call from Evie's agent, where he worked first in his uncle's busi­ Sonny Werblin (later owner of the New York ness as an iron moulder, and where their Jets) who wanted to know, "What's going sons were born; Stuart Jr., who is now a St. on? She's cancelled everything." Louis attorney, in 1925, and Jimmy, in 1927. EVELYN WADSWORTH SYMINGTON That evening, Evie told her husband, "I'm The Senator remembers how in those days either going to be a singer or I'm going to be Evie used to sing at charity functions and a wife and mother. I've decided to be a wife with her family. Evie's father was a. tenor; and mother." her mother, a soprano; her brother James HON. RICHARD BOLLING A young woman who later became known J. Wadsworth (who in 1960 and 1961 was OF MISSOURI as "the incomparable Hildegarde" took over U.S. Representative to the United Nations), IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the singing contract. If Evie ever had any was a bass. Evie was a contralto. regrets about giving up fame and fortune, One evening in 1934, a few years after Tuesday, January 9, 1973 she never told anyone. Her husband, her sons, the Symingtons had moved to New York Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, there her .friends never heard her mention her City, the Senator recalls, "We were at a bene­ follows a very pleasant essay on one of career again. fit at a ritzy place called the Place Pigalle Younger son, Jimmy (Rep. James Wads­ where there were a lot of professional sing­ Missouri's and our Nation's loveliest and worth Symington, D-Mo.) says, "I don't know ers and somebody said, 'Let's have a song most charming ladies. It was written by what women's lib would have to say about it, from Evie.' She sang 'The Very Thought Judy Flander and appeared in the Wash­ all I know is she did what her heart prompted of You' which became her theme song­ ington Star-News on January 8, 1973. her to do. Dad's needs for her had always and brought down the house. She could sing. The essay follows: been tremendous-as a listener, a helper, a Golly, she could sing. She had a voice that WHERE THE THREAD LEADS counselor and a refuge." could break your heart." Jimmy adds that Evie knew what kind of Two weeks later, the owner of the Place (By Judy Flander) a man she had married. He had entered the Pigalle called Evie and asked if she'd like "The thread of life is filling with the hours Army in World War I as a private and come to work there as a professional singer. It Each one a. slipping, multicolored bead. out as a second lieutenant-the year he was was fine with her husband, but he sug­ Who knows what lies beyond the clasping, 17. He'd alread ~ · made a considerable fortune gested she'd better ask her father. Or where the slender, shining threat will when he took over the Emerson Co. In 1945, "Is the place East or West of Broadway?", lead? President Truman offered him the chairman_ Wadsworth wanted to know. (West of Broad­ We only know we strive to make them per­ ship of the Surplus Property Board. Over the way was "what you'd call the wrong side of fect, years Stuart Symington rose from one pres­ the tracks," Sen. Symington explained later.) Each symmetric, full and gay, tigious position to another. He served suc­ "It's two doors West," said Evie. Well knowing that beyond the radiant cen­ cessively as Assistant Secretary of War for "Well, then I guess it's okay," said Wads­ ter Air, Secretary of the Air Force, chairman of worth, who evidently didn't think a matter The other half will dwindle fast a.way." the National Securities Board, and adminis­ of 24 feet would tarnish the family reputa­ -Evelyn Wadsworth Symington trator of the Reconstruction Finance Com­ tion. On the day before Christmas, while she pany. Sen. Symington remembers the night his was attending the Redskins-Green Bay Pack­ He was first elected to the Senate in 1952 wife, as Eve Symington, society singer, ers playoff game with good friends, Evie and was a serious contender for the Presi­ opened at the Place Pigalle: "A close rela­ Symington's shining thread of life received dency in 1956 and 1960. tive turned to a friend and said, 'Let's clap its la.st few g,ay beads. Minutes after she re­ "In a way, Washington was Evie's town," like the dickens and then get out of here. turned home to the Wadsworth house on N said Sen. Symington the other day, recalling The best amateur isn't as good as the worst Street, she was stricken with an aneurysm how he had met her at a dance in 1920 at professional' Evie sang 'The Very Thought of the aorta from which she died less than what is now the Sheraton-Park Hotel. In of You' and halfway through, the man burst an hour later at Georgetown University Hos­ 1915, when she was 12, Evie's father, James into tears." pital. The life she looked a.head to, in .a. poem W. Wadsworth, was elected Republican Sen­ Another time, the Senator brought along she wrote 51 years ago when she was 18, was ator from New York. The family moved to his friend, boxer Gene Tunney. The two men over. the Hay house, across Lafayette Park from sat at the bar. According to the Senator, That was the way she had wanted it to the White House where the Hay-Adams "Gene suddenly noticed that the bartender end. Driving to RFK. Stadium that day with Hotel now stands. was Jack Renault, the French fighter he'd her husband, Sen. Stuart Symington, D-Mo., The house was built by Evie's grandfather, beaten in 1923. They went over the fight and Sen. Howard Cannon, D-Nev., and his John Hay, who served in turn as special blow by blow. Then Gene said, 'By the way, January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 701 my friend's wife sings here and you just this was; normally she wore an old dress, days, for most, were filled with holiday ac­ watch out for her'." then changed for dinner." tivity, but the letters, telegrams and personal "Are you Eve Symington's husband?" Evie was a good cook. That night she messages poured in to the house on N Street asked Renault. I said, yes, and he said, served "baked chicken in cream sauce ·with in a flood that has not crested yet. seriously, 'Anybody displeases that lady, we halves of black olives looking like little truf­ One Washingtonian said he rarely has kill him.'" fles and a marvelous sort of mixed salad," written let·ters of condolence in the past, but During the next four years Eve Symington Sylvia recalls. on this occasion somehow found himself also sang at rthe St. Regis Hotel, the Sert Next morning, it being Sunday, Evie got impelled to write both the Senator and Room of the Waldorf and the Persian Room up early and fixed the Senator breakfast. Jimmy. He had never met Mrs. Symington. of the Plaza, accompanied by such orches­ Then she packed a football lunch of boullion, He told the Senator that as a boy in boarding tras of the '30s as those of Leo Reisman and and ham and cheese and chicken sandwiches school, he and his dormitory mates had been Emile Coleman. for the two of them and the Cannons. (The smitten to their adolescent souls by one of Mrs. John Sherman Cooper, the wife of Symingtons had four seats in their box at Evie's songs. It taught them, he said, what the former Republician Senator from Ken­ RFK Stadium and always took friends to the a real woman was supposed to sound like. tucky, remembers: "The room would be per­ Redskins games.) "I can't remember the name of the song," he fectly dark and then out Evie would come The two couples had been planning the wrote, "but if I heard it again today I would like a waft of fresh air, a spotlight on her, outing for a month, ever since they had been know in an instant.'' her blonde hair glowing. She had a lovely together for a trip to the Iron Curtain coun­ There were several songs he might have laughing face. She had magic. It's the thing tries after the North Atlantic Assembly in had in mind: "My Romance", possibly, or that held you. She had an intimate,'caressing Bonn. "We decided right then, if the Red­ "Hands Across The Table", or "Just One of quality as if she was singing only to you." skins got into a playoff, we'd all go to the Those Things.'' It could well have been "The Mrs. Cooper was an acquaintance and fan game together," says Sen. Cannon. Very Thought of You." But one of Eve of Evie in those days. "When I began to know Mrs. Cannon also remembers, "I've lived Symington's numbers, pretty much forgotten her as a friend," Mrs. Cooper says, "she be­ that last day we spent with her in retrospect since she popularized it in 1934, was called came my heroine. As a Senate wife, she was dozens of times," she says. "Evie was In such "Be Still My Heart." The last four lines the way we all wanted to be.'' a lovely mood.'' went: When the Symingtons first came to Wash­ Sitting next to Evie at the game was Marlo ington in 1945, they had an apartment at F. Escudero. He and his wife had adjoin­ "Be still my heart, the Shoreham Hotel. But in 1952, just be­ ing seats with the Symingtons for 10 years. Even though our love has fore Symington was elected to the Senate, Escudero, an attorney with Morgan, Lewis gone away Evie's father died, and the couple moved in and Bockius of Washington, says Evie was "a He'll be coming back to us with her mother on N Street where they very devout Redskins fan. She knew every­ someday- lived ever since. (Evie's mother, who re­ thing about football. That day, I lit two Be still my heart.'' married, died in 1960.) cigarettes for her which isn't much for a The Senator has not expressed an opinion It is a five-story house filled with antiques three-hour game. She cheered a lot. on this, but Jimmy Symington thinks it and paintings by Botticelli and Sir Joshua "They left about 3:03, there were about not unlikely that "Be Still My Heart" was Reynolds and some of the things Evie col­ three minutes to go and we were winning the song in question. lected such as figures of lions and Battersea 16 to 3. The Senator said to me, 'Esky, we've boxes. Portraits of ancestors hang on all the got it won, we're leaving.' Twenty minutes walls, and John Hay presides over the formal later she had the attack." dining room downstairs. Just before the game started, Dorothy THE SOVIET EDUCATION TAX Carrie Williams, who has been doing Cannon remembers that Evie lost her gloves. housework for the Symingtons for five days It was a common occurrence for her and the a week for 16 years-"and I only missed two Senator teased her about it. He gave her one days in that time"-last saw Evie on Satur­ of his gloves so they ·each wore one glove and HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON day. It was like every other morning. "I'd kept the other hand in a pocket. OF ILLINOIS come in and she would have her bedroom On the way home, Evie turned to her hus­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES door open and I would put her paper inside band who was driving and said, "I did so ap­ and ask her what she wanted for breakfast. preciate your lending me your glove." He Tuesday, January 9, 1973 After breakfast, we would have our little said, "I hope you didn't lose it." "No, I Mr. ANDERSON of IDinols. Mr. Speak­ chat.'' didn't" she said, handing it back to him. er, I am today introducing a sense of What about? Oh, the weather mostly. And "Thank you, darlln'," said Stuart Symington. we laughed a lot. That last day I said to her "I just happened to look at her when he Congress resolution relating to the re­ in fun, "Are you going to fire me?" And she said that," Mrs. Cannon says. "She had that strictive emigration policies of the Soviet said, "No, I'm not going to fire you. I want special twinkle in her eyes. Later I told Union. Specifically, my resolution calls you to work for me as long as I live.'' the Senator, 'If you could only have seen upon the President to "take immediate "She was the sweetest lady I ever met in her face at just that moment.' She was and determined steps to persuade the the world.'' happy all the way home.'' Soviet government to permit its citizens Georgia Winters also did housework and When they arrived at the N St. house, Evie the right to emigrate to the countries of some cooking for Evie for many years and asked the Cannons in. "But we said no she says, "She was so nice and so gentle. She because we knew they were getting ready to their choice without the imposition of liked to come into the kitchen and we'd do leave on the 5: 10 plane for St. Louis; their more than a nominal emigration fee" by things together. She wanted to fix everything bags were packed and waiting in the hall," utilizing formal and informal contacts the way the Senator liked it.'' says Mrs. Cannon. with Soviet officials, by raising in the On Thursday, Evie patted Mrs. Winters on As Sen. Cannon started up his car across U.N. General Assembly the Soviet Un­ the shoulder and said, "Just do your work the street, Evie, at her open door, turned ion's transgression of the right to emi­ little by little, don't get too tired.'' Then she and waved goodbye. grate as affirmed by the Declaration of added, "I'll count on you for next week.'' Inside, Sen. Symington had started up­ Mrs. Winters heard about Evie's death on stairs to see about their plane tickets when Human Rights, and by focusing world the 11 o'clock news Christmas Eve. "I he heard Evie cry out. Sylvia tells the story attention on the Soviet Government's re­ couldn't sleep. It took so much out of me, as she heard it from him. "She had a sudden strictive emigration Policies and exces­ the same as my mother's death.'' sharp pain in her back, but she s~id she sive fees. The resolution further affirms Saturday night, the night before Evie died, didn't think it was her heart. Almost imme­ the right of the Congress to withhold Jimmy and Sylvia came to dinner. Jimmy diately, she became unconscious and my final action on any legislation which says. "We'd only go over about once a month father-in-law called the ambulance and then would extend special trade benefits to so it was great we got to see her the night he called us.'' any nation which denies its citizens the before. In every gesture she seemed to be The sirens brought the neighbors to their expressing the fulfillment of her life. She was doors, Mrs. Herman Wouk, wife of the author right to emigrate. about to go to St. Louis to see young Stuart on one side, and Mrs. McCook Knox, who Mr. Speaker, last August the Soviet and Janey and their children. Our son had been living on the other side since the Union imposed a harsh new "education Jeremy was here and our daughter, Julie, Wadsworths' time. Mrs. Knox saw the ambu­ tax" on its emigrating citizens, ranging wao about to arrive from Paris and she knew lance pull up and watched as Evie was from $4,000 to $25,000, depending on she'd see them all. carried "oh, so carefully on a cot down the their level of educational attainment. "I remember when we arrived at the house. little curve of her stairway. I saw her face. This was correctly interpreted as being You know, she'd always give me a hug and She was in no pain. She looked very beau- · this time she gave me a particularly warm tiful. aimed at Soviet Jews since they do com­ hug. I noted it at the time.'' "Even though she's been gone since Christ­ prise the largest number of emigrants as Jimmy is silent for a few moments. Then mas Eve, I always think I'll see her walking well as being a highly educated class of he continues: "That night she wore a good down those steps again.'' citizens. This is but one more instance dress when she went downstairs to cook Most people learned of Evie's death when of the Soviet Union's persecution of reli­ our dinner. And I remember that Dad com­ they glanced quickly at the paper, as most gious minorities, and these abuses of hu­ mented the day after she died how strange people do on Christmas day. The next few man and minority group rights con- 702 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 tinue to be a real sore point between the I concluded that it was little wonder that There is some evidence that the Soviets thousands of Soviet Jews had requested per­ may already be responding to the impressive United States and U.S.S.R. at a time mission to emigrate in order to maintain show of Congressional support for the Jack­ when we are attempting to improve their religious and cultural identities. And son-Vanlk amendment. During the last week relations. yet here too they are confronted with re­ in October the Soviet government informed At this Point in the RECORD, Mr. Speak­ strictive and discriminatory policies; the So­ 190 Jewish families that they could leave the er I include the full text of my resolu­ viet record to date on emigration has been country without having to pay the "diploma. ti~n and a copy of an article I wrote for abysmal and token-in clear contravention tax." The waivers were seen as an attempt a Jewish publication in my district last of Article XIII of the Universal Declaration to mo111fy Congressional opposition to th,e of Human Rights which affirms the right to Trade Relations Act, and, a Soviet police offi­ month on this subject: emigrate. Those who even apply for emigra­ cial was quoted as saying they did not rep­ H. CON. RES. 45 tion risk losing their jobs or even imprison­ resent a basic change in Soviet policy. At the Whereas the Government of the Soviet ment. same time, reports comi~g out of the Soviet Union has denied or restricted the :rights The first small crack in the Soviet emigra­ Union indicate that harassment of Jews by of its citizens to emigrate to the countries tion wall came in March of 1971. Apparently police and hooligans is on the increase. News­ of their choice, in clear contravention of the responding to world pressure, the Soviets be­ week quoted one Jewish citizen as saying, United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, gan to loosen up on their restrictive emlgra­ "Everything here in Moscow is worse than and has imposed an exorbitant "education gration policy. Whereas in 1970 only 1,000 ever. The police constantly harass us so that tax" on those citizens wishing to emigrate: Soviet Jews were permitted to leave the those of us who have lost our jobs for want ­ Now, therefore, be it country, in 1971 nearly 15,000 were allowed ing to emigrate cannot even starve in peace." Resolved by the House of Representatives to leave, and, in the first eight months of One thing is certain: Congressional sup­ (the Senate concurring) , That it is the sense 1972, 20,000 Jews were permitted to emigrate; porters of the Jackson-Vanik amendment will of the Congress that the President of the and, by the end of this year, that figure is not be impressed or persuaded by token waiv­ United States of America should take imme­ expected to reach 30,000. But, on August 15, ers of the "diploma tax," and the amendment diate and determined steps to persuade the 1972, the Soviet government imposed a harsh will still be a central focus of attention dur­ Soviet Government to permit its citizens the new "diploma tax" on emigration. In addi­ ing hearings and debate on the Trade Rela­ right to emigrate to the countries of their tion to paying the normal 900 ruble ($1,100) tions Act in the 93rd Congress. The Admin­ choice without the imposition of more than visa fee, emigrants were required to pay an istration has already expressed its opposition a nominal emigration fee, such steps to in­ additional levy of 1between $4,000 and $25,- to the Jackson-Vanik approach. In late Sep­ clude, but not limited to- 000, depending on their level of education. tember, President Nixon told Jewish sup­ (1) uttlizing formal and informal contacts The official explanation for the new "diploma porters in New York that the problem of with Soviet officials in an effort to secure an tax" is that it is designed to "reimburse" the emigration tax wm not be solved by ·end to discriminatory emigration policies; the State for the education costs of those "entering into harsh confrontation"-that (2) calling upon the State Department to wishing to emigrate, even though the amount this approach would be "counterproductive" raise in the General Assembly of the United of the levy bears little relation to actual and that he preferred instead the "quiet Nations the issue of the Soviet Union's trans­ costs. diplomacy" approach to Moscow. gression of the right to emigrate as affirmed The public outcry against this harsh new Expanding on this theme, the Los Angeles by Article 13 of the United Nations Declara­ tax was immediate, spontaneous and uni­ Times editorialized: "There is no evidence to tion of Human Rights; and versal, and the U.S. Congress was no excep­ indicate that the Soviet leadership, in a con­ (3) focusing world attention on the Soviet tion. On September 27, 1972, Senator Henry frontation over the trade agreement, would Governn:ent•s restrictive emigration policies M. Jackson (D-Wash.) announced on the yield on an issue of this sort. . . . It ls the and excessive emigration fees; and be it fioor of the Senate that he intended to growing mutual confidence between the two further introduce an amendment to the East-West nations, not threats, that ls most likely to Resolved, That the Congress reserves the Trade Relations Act which would deny the make persuasive the American protest against right to withhold final action on any legisla­ "most-favored-nation treatment" to any the degrading treatment of Jews in the tion which extends special trade concessions, country which forbids its citizens the right Soviet Union." credits or other benefits to any nation which to emigrate to the country of their choice or And the New York Times made a similar denies or restricts the rights of its citizens to which imposes a more than nominal levy on point in its editorial on the subject: "While emigrate to the countries of their choice, or emigration. neither the necessity for peace nor the desire which imposes more than a nominal emigra­ A week later, on October 4th, Senator for trade makes any less abhorrent to most tion fee. Jackson introduced that amendment along Americans various aspects of the Soviet sys­ with 73 cosponsors, or three-fourths of the tem-specifically this new form of legalized Senate membership. An identical amendment blackmail against Russian Jews-we do not CONGRESS AND THE PLIGHT OF SOVIET JEWS was introduced in the House of Representa­ (By Congressman JOHN B. ANDERSON) believe it is productive to try to enforce po­ tives on the same day by Representative litical changes in the Soviet (or any other) The plight of Soviet Jewry has long been Charles A. Vanlk (D-Ohlo) with 134 cospon­ system through the unilateral use of eco­ a matter of grave concern to Members of sors. Congressman Vanik had already suc­ nomic pressure. The results a.re likely to be Congress who a.re committed to the uni­ ceeded on September 21st in getting the the opposite of those intended." versal preservation and extension of human House to pass by a voice vote a similar These comments raise the very tough and rights. In the first 16 months of the 92nd amendment to the Foreign Assistance Ap­ real question as to whether the Jackson­ Congress, for instance, 162 Members of the propriation b111-an amendment which Vanik amendment ls the answer. Of the 73 House introduced 48 bills and resolutions would prohibit the use of those funds to Senate cosponsors, 27 are also cosponsors of concerning the status of Soviet Jews and provide loans, credit or other assistance to the East-West Trade Relations Act, and many their right of emigration. I felt especially any nation that imposes exit fees in excess of them have expressed the sincere hope that honored, therefore, when the House Foreign of $50 on its citizens. But the amendment the Soviets would rescind the "diploma tax" Affairs Committee chose to report out a res­ was viewed as a symbolic moral outcry since before a confrontation becomes necessary. olution coauthored by Congressman Thomas there was no money for the Soviet Union in There ls an awareness in the Congress that P. O'Ne111, Jr. (D-Mass.), and myself, and theblll. more ls at stake here than just the trade cosponsored by over 100 House Members. Our That same blll earmarked not less than agreement, as important as that is. What ls resolution urged the President to call upon $350 mllllon in aid and mllltary credit sales involved here is the whole climate of rap­ the Soviet Government to permit the free for Israel and another $50 mllllon to assist prochement that has been achieved over the exercise of religion in the Soviet Union and Israel in resettling Soviet Jewish emigrants. last four years between the U.S. and the the right to emigrate, and to raise the issue But both the foreign aid authorization and Soviet Union. Should this climate be thrown of Soviet transgression of the Declaration of appropriation b111s died in the 92nd Con­ into jeopardy over a single issue, as impor­ Human Rights, particularly with regards to gress because the House and Senate could tant as it ls, especially when there may be Soviet Jews and other minorities, in the not reconcile their differences, and these pro­ less opportunity for resolving the problem in U.N. General Assembly. The measure over­ grams are now operating on a continuing a more hostile climate? The whole theme of whelmingly passed the House by a vote of resolution until the new Congress can re­ the Nixon Administration's "strategy for 360-2 on April 17, 1972. consider the measures. peace" has been to move from an era of In testifying for our resolution before the The new Congress wm also be considering confrontation to an era of negotiation. House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Eu­ the advisa.bUlty of attaching the Jackson­ Should the Congress precipitate a direct con­ rope on November 10, 1971. I related the ex­ Vanik amendment to the East-West Trade frontation which could not only imperil fu­ tent of minority group persecution in the Relations Act--a measure which, in effect, Soviet Union, particularly that directed ratifies the u.s.-soviet trade agreement ture negotiations but endanger the structure against its Jewish population. Official re­ .signed in October. So, if the Soviets do not of peace which has been built to date? strictions against Jewish religious and cul­ rescind their "diploma tax" by the time the It is my sincere hope that we can avoid tural life have been amply catalogued in Trade Relations Act is taken up in the Con­ such a direct confrontation, with all the risks recent years; these include inadequate re­ gress, and, if the Jackson-Vanik amendment involved, by persuading the Soviets to permit ligious facllities, the prohibition against is adopted, it could mean a delay in the im­ free emigration without excessive fees before publication of religious materials, pressures plementation of the agreement until there is this legislation is taken up in the Congress. against synagogue attendance, and the re­ an emigration policy change, or a complete This wm require a concerted diploma.tic ef­ fusal to allow rabbinical training. breakdown in the agreement. fort by the Administration utilizing formal January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 703 and informal contacts with Soviet officials, would like that same spirit carried through the short, eye-catching headline . . . quite and focusing world attention on the problem our colorful heritage to today's young people, often changes from the exception to the rule. through the U .N. and other forums sensitive the best hope of our country. As young men Ladies and gentlemen, whatever our media to the pressures of public opinion. If these in 1776 saw dreams beyond their own cen­ influenced feelings--we must keep in mind efforts are not successful, the words of Sen­ tury, maybe our young men and women w111 as we live and work and think about the ator Jackson will come back to haunt the see a continuing American dream beyond our future that there is a lot right about Amer­ Soviets: "It ls important that the Russians own. ica. But we need not worry that we will grow understand that they are dealing not only Unfortunately, faith and hope in the spirit complacent over the problems which face us. with the Administration but also with Con­ of America have been corrupted by modern We live in a society increasingly concerned gress." wars, poverty, crime and impersonal politics, about the water we drink, the food we eat, as well as by our own preoccupation with the air we breathe, the fuel we burn. We live individual wants and needs. I am hoping that in a society worried about the way we travel, OUR NATION'S 200TH ANNIVERSARY through better public education in the next exercise, work, live and love. We exist in an three years our young people, and all of us, environment in which we feel we need im­ may meet 1976 with a new outlook on the mediate solutions to every problem that con­ HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI future of the USA. As a young tree needs fronts us. But we are unfortunately quite OF WISCONSIN roots to thrive, people too. need to cherish w111ing to ignore our past efforts. the roots of a common heritage to grow and In the opinion of some analysts today, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES build a nation. we had the Russians all wrong after World Tuesday, January 9, 1973 I ask you to personally keep an eye on the War II. They tell us that we really should activities and spending of the American Rev­ have trusted them a bit more and thus could Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, in recent olution Bicentennial Commission. It cer­ have avoided the Cold War-they say we months many persons have expressed tainly has great possibilities but time is al­ took counsel of our fears too quickly. Greater concern that plans for the celebration of ready running short. commitment to peace would have kept our the American Revolution bicentennial Thank you. defense budgets low and kept the world at have lost sight of the original goal of Sincerely, peace. The facts of history do not bear this Mr!. JOAN WISKOWSKI, out--we have been asked to swallow a great that celebration-to convey a sense of P.S.-1 am 25 years old, a wife and mother, deal of such nonsense in recent years. But, our American heritage through local ob­ a journalism and history graduate of Mar­ ladies and gentlemen, never have we been servances of our Nation's 200th anniver­ quette University, and a former newspaper asked to swallow so much so quickly. The sary. Therefore, I was pleased to hear reporter. United States has never been, is not now, from a young woman who has a clear and will never be-a country dedicated to idea of the aim of our bicentennial cele­ imperialist expansion, and military or ideo­ bration. At this time I would like to share logical dominance. When I entered the ranks GEN. WILLIAM C. WESTMORELAND'S of the Army 36 years ago--our Army was with my colleagues the letter I received only the 9th largest in the world-our Navy from Mrs. Joan Wiskowski, a 25-year-old ADDRESS BEFORE THE ANNUAL sailed obsolete ships and our Air Force was mother, in the hope that it will empha­ BANQUET OF THE OAK CLIFF, hopelessly outclassed. We had an all-volun­ size the importance of increased local TEX., CHAMBER OF COMMERCE teer Army then. It was under-equipped, un­ participation and involvement in bicen­ derpaid and unappreciated. It accomplished tennial observance plans. only one thing in the pre-World War II era. Mrs. Wiskowski's letter follows: HON. OLINE. TEAGUE It convinced the Axis mmtary planners that OF TEXAS we would be a negligible threat to their plans NEW BERLIN, WIS. for world conquest. January 1, 1973. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As you know, in World War II this nation Hon. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Tuesday, January 9, 1973 accomplished a military, industrial and logis­ U.S. House of Representattves, Washington, tical miracle-increasing our forces ten fold­ D.C. Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, crushing the Axis, and supporting our Allies DEAR CONGRESSMAN ZABLOCKI: The first in my many years in the Congress, I have with our super-abundant production. news some years ago that this country was been acquainted with a great number of We did not plan for the Cold War. We to celebrate its 200th birthday with special military men. I have been close to many, set up no Iron Curtain. Neither did we amass and official commemorations excited me with territory or seek military control over zones an old-fashion patriotism I am proud to but not nearly as close as I have been to Gen. William C. Westmoreland, dating or spheres of influence. claim as part of my heritage. On the contrary, we disarmed. We threw Since then, I have been following through back to his days as superintendent of billions of dollars of war equipment into the press and ARBO newsletters the progress, the U.S. Military Academy. I regard him the sea, let it rust, sold it, or gave it away. if it can be called that, of the American as a personal friend. Delegations of American mothers pounded Revolution Bicentennial Commission. It is At my request, he agreed to fit into on General Eisenhower's desk in Europe. And my feeling that the celebration of our inde­ his busy schedule after retirement, a again, we sent the boys home and stripped pendence and the birth of our nation be speech to the Oak Cliff Chamber of the Services bare---because we hoped ... celebrated with dignity, truth, simplicity, and Commerce, Oak Cliff, Tex. Under leave and belleved . . . ln the promises of peace popular involvement. made by our wartime a111es at Yalta and But as I see it now, plans for 1976 are to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I Potsdam. Together with these allies we found­ caught up in foollsh spending $35,130 to de­ wish to include the text of ~hat address: ed the United Nations in San Francisco in sign the symbol!) , grandiose schemes for new ADDRESS BY GEN. WILLIAM CHILDS WESTMORE­ 1945 in the hope of forming a world order programs and more spending in the name of LAND, U.S. ARMY, RETIRED, AT THE ANNUAL capable of resolving future differences be­ the centennial, and Uttle grass roots involve­ INSTALLATION OF OFFICERS FOR THE OAK tween nations without the use of arms. Turn­ ment• True, many of the programs planned CLIFF CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AT THE STAT­ ing our efforts to peace, we allowed our mili­ in the areas of historic preservation and res­ LER HILTON HOTEL, DALLAS, TEX., ON THURS­ tary might of World War II to dissipate. By toration, art heritage and educational re­ DAY, OCTOBER 26, 1972 1947 hardly a combat ready unit remained search are well-intended. But I do believe Ladies and gentlemen: in the Army, and by 1948 its strength had that a number of programs and their costs From the perspective of thirty-six years of declined from a high of six million to the could be cut, eliminated, or supported by service in uniform and with the deep and half million figure which had existed just local or private funds, not by federal tax abiding love I have for the people, the laws prior to the war. Instead of military pursuits, money. Too often, the latter becomes en­ and institutions of our country-it is my we applied our efforts and resources to re­ meshed in a hierarchy of committee expenses, pleasure this evening to share with you a construction of the war-torn world through study groups, transportation expenses and statement of my confidence in our great na­ the Marshall Plan. What military forces we salaries. tion and my hope for its future. had were devoted principally to supporting I think that most of us, including you, Such confidence and hope, some people say, this effort and aiding our former enemies to Congressman Zablocki, know very well what are eroded by much of what we experience in lift themselves out of the ashes of defeat. we would Uke the centennial celebration to the mass media. Certainly, all of us are daily But our aspirations of world tranqumty and impart to Americans. We would like to ex­ and painfully aware of the effect of the media balanced mutual prosperity were not shared perience again the new world of 1776, when on our lives. But whatever our cries of alarm, by all. It was the events of the late 1940's­ this land was fresh and good, seeded with or our calls for its reform, we are, I suppose, not any American desire for imperial gran­ hope and the promise of real freedom, when calling for a reform of human nature . . . deur or world domination-that caused us the ideas of the founding fathers were alive and that, as you know, is always a difficult to rearm and once again resort to a position with faith in this young country. And we undertaking. It is difficult because good news of miUtary strength in the 1950's. is always no news. And bad news-the ex­ Coexistence was not in the Russian diplo­ *Refer to the Milwaukee Journal story ception to normal and good human behav­ matic vocabulary. As the dust of Wo.rld War "Probers Call US Birthday Plans a Bust" ior ... repeated often enough in the special II settled, the Soviets threw a cordon of Saturday,December30,Page8. context of the daily 30 minute broadcast or m111ta.ry control around the countries or 704 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 Ea.stem Europe they had occupied in the balance of payments problem. Again, what tional fiber, which has infused viril1ty into closing days of the war. They then sys­ are the facts? In FY 1956-59, foreign ex­ the Armed Forces and kept it closely identi­ tematically deposed the free and independent penditures by the Defense Department were fied with our citizenry, their aspirations, and governments of these countries or, in cases equivalent to 24.4 % of imports into the their sentiments. The loss of this close as­ such as Poland, barred the return of the United States. In FY 1972, foreign expendi­ sociation would weaken our Armed Forces. legitimate government from exile. In their ture for Defense fell to less than 10 % of our Conversely, many of our citizens, who other­ places, Moscow substituted puppet Commu­ imports. wise would serve their country, will not have nist regimes, fabricated in the Soviet Union. The figures cited to "prove" these allega­ the advantage of this experience. This lack Thwarted in Czechoslovakia, they resorted to tions remind us of the saying that there are of direct association and personal involve­ assassination of the president of that demo­ three types of falsity-"Ues," "damn lies," ment with our national interest, I feel, may cratic country to bring down the elected gov­ and "statistics." But the facts don't lie­ well have a weakening effect on the national ernment and fold it into the Soviet domain. and the conclusions are there if one searches dedication of our citizenry. In addition, there As their advance crept forward, Iran to the out the facts and takes the trouble to do is a real danger that we cannot economically south and Greece to the west were threat­ some careful addition. attract a sufficient number of quality per­ ened with Communist takeovers and Soviet Yes, adding up the overall sums, it is true sonnel to meet our minimum requirements. domination. In Germany, the land corridors, that we have spent a lot of money on de­ The number of such personnel who have an wb.ich the Russians had solemnly agreed to fense in the past twenty-seven years since avocation for m111tary service and who will respect, were closed . . . all of this in the the close of World War II. But we can be volunteer is not unlmited, and we may find face of almost complete American disarma­ proud of what that money has bought. It that to provide the incentives and pay the ment and m111tary impotence. When in 1950 represents an investment in freedom-free­ price to attract that last measure of man­ North Korea-at Russian instigation and dom to choose one's form of government­ power to meet our minimum needs may with her support-attacked her neighbor to freedom from foreign domination and con· simply be too clostly. the south, we were finally moved to act. trol, and freedom to pursue our way of life. A concept that would reverse this trend in Many have forgotten these chapters of the It would be a great advance in the history the United States today is being talked about past, and it all sounds out of tune with our of mankind if good will alone would sustain a great deal in Government. It argues that present state of affairs. We have recently the United States in the days and years we should not be killing the draft but rather signed a treaty with the Soviets which all ahead. Peace would be assured at very little we should be establishing a National Service of us can applaud as a positive, forceful step cost. But I think that we will all agree that­ Corps-with a required commitment for all toward peace. We have also arrived at a de­ human nature and national interests being of our young people-commitment that gree of understanding with the Chinese. But, what they are-such Utopian dreams are un­ would take them beyond their personal con­ ladies and gentlemen, these treaties-these realistic. Though we ourselves have no ter­ cerns to the commitment of a common cause. undertakings-any experienced observer wm ritorial ambitions nor desire to forcibly im­ Whatever is decided, I know that our Armed agree ... would not have been possible if pose our way of life or some ideology on Forces will support the public's decision. the United States had been dealing from a other nations, it remains clear that-until Ladies and gentlemen, we are a great position of disarmed weakness. human and national nature change-we will democracy and still very much an example Let me clarify that last term. We are not continue to need a strong Armed Forces. We of freedom and justice to the rest of the a country weak in resources. Neither are we have never believed in large standing Armed world. We have problems, but-thank God­ a country weak in industrial or m111tary Forces and in peace time we have always cut we have the resources to solve them. strength when such strength is needed. But them to the minimum-frequently well be­ We must at all cost maintain our will and we may very well be a country in danger of low that minimum. And this we have done determination to solve our problems and becoming weak in the will and determina­ once again as our participation in the Viet­ maintain our strength. For without this tion to maintain our strength. We have a nam War has wound down. But we now have strength our national security and the secu­ history to be proud of-a form of govern­ just about reached that minimum strength rity of the free world will soon erode. Other ment dedicated to justice-a way of life that, consistent with the world situation and our powers with other interest will be quick to in its potential benefit for all, is both a national interests. The Army, for example, take over our position of leadership, and, not precious possession and the envy of the now stands at just over half its strength at only ourselves, but the world will be the loser. world. If we are to maintain this reputa­ the heighth of the Vietnam War and at the tion-to continue to succeed-we must be lowest level since the days of complacency strong. just after World War II. But I do think you wm agree that we We are now moving toward an all-volun­ POSTAL SERVICE REPORTS CUT IN have been listening too much recently to teer Army-away from the concept of na­ our home-grown Cassandras and Jerima.hs. tional service-but this entails a social risk. LOSSES Their voices chant myths that grow more It is foolish to say that we may be creating credible each time they are repeated. They a m111tary elite dangerous to democracy by HON. WILLIAM 0. MILLS would convince us that the Defense budget moving to an all-volunteer force. But we dominates public spending, that our Nation should be concerned that in killing the draft OF MARYLAND is on a wartime economy footing, that the we may klll the concept that all citizens owe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Armed Services squander billions on cost a debt of service to their country. I would re­ Tuesday, January 9, 1973 overruns and that what they call the peace mind you that the concept of the citizen­ dividend has been stolen. Facts belie these soldier has historically been a valuable one. Mr. MILLS of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, myths-but these myths have been accepted This concept is not new. The ancient Greek I would like to share with my colleagues by many. historians saw the demise of that concept as Let's look at the record. Let's review the a recent article which appeared in the the beginning of the end of the great de, New York Times and gives a picture of facts. The Defense shares of the gross na­ mocracy of Athens. Demosthenes speaking tional product and the total national budget before the Athenian Assembly echoed their the improved operations of the Postal are at the lowest point today than in more concern when he said that the one source of Service during the last 18 months. than 20 years. Manpower devoted to national defeat of the Greek Army was that its citi­ I include the article at this time for defense is the lowest since 1950. With any zens had ceased to be soldiers. "Disband your the consideration of my colleagues: statistical juggling-if we compare Fiscal mercenary armies," he said, "Man your fleets Year 1972 with any of the past 22 years--we [From the New York Times, Jan. 5, 1973 J with the best of your free-born citizens." POSTAL SERVICE REPORTS CUT IN LOSSES will see that little of our real economic History records that the Assembly voted growth has been allocated to national de­ against the proposal of Demosthenes. It also WASHINGTON, Jan. 4.-The United States fense. In fact, the portion of our gross na­ records that the last vestige of Greek inde­ Postal Service, which took over mail opera­ tional product devoted to national defense pendence vanished shortly thereafter under tions from the old Post Office Department has now dropped to a low of just over 6 % . the Roman swords in the hands of an all­ 18 months ago, released figures today show­ The facts are there-the record is open citizen Arm-· at Corinth. ing a 14 per cent smaller net loss in the for inspection-but the myth makers don't The decline of Rome-under the same con­ last fiscal year than in the year before. give up. They continue to maintain that we ditions-came when she too gave up the tra­ It also reported a 34.8 per cent drop in still are on a wartime economy. Let's take dition that the responsibility of protecting Government appropriations for the past fiscal another look at the facts and compare to­ and defending the state was the inherent year. Both figures had been climbing sharply day's spending with 1945. Then, in the last duty of every citizen. Both Greece and Rome the last few years. year of World War II, we were spending five The quasi-public Postal Service's first an­ times as much on national defense as we historically demonstrate that personal, in­ dividual liberty and the safety of the state nual report shows that the agency paid 84 were on our social and economic needs. That were highest during their periods of citizen­ per cent of its total costs during its first year was truly a wartime economy. Today these soldier obligation and lowest during that pe­ of operation. The service has a Congressional proportions have been reversed, with social mandate to make the operation virtually free and economic spending three times that of riod when citizen involvement in the na­ of subsidies by 1984. national defense. This can hardly support tional defense came to an end. In submitting the report, Postmaster Gen­ the contention that we are still living on a We are tending in this direction in the eral Elmer T. Klassen said the Postal Service wartime economy. United States today. With the absence of had taken on problems "decades in the mak­ Another persistent allegation 1s that de­ the draft the Armed Forces will no longer ing," and he stated two goals for the agency. fense spending is a dominant factor in our be composed of a cross section of our na- The first goal is improved service, an area January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 705 in which Mr. Klassen believes performance that arose late in the last session of the GOVERNMENT REFUSES TO PROS­ remains "uneven" but in which he thinks 92d Congress regarding the proposal to ECUTE IN CHICAGO TRIBUNE improvements have been made. earmark $800 million of the highway An example of improved service cited by GUN-BUYING CASE Mr. Klassen ls a 94 per cent next-day-delivery trust fund for urban transportation average for local first-class mall deposited by needs. If this provision had been enacted HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES 5: 00 P .M. He also reports a decrease from into law, I seriously doubt whether that 1.7 days to 1.6 days of the average delivery amount of funds would actually have OF FLORIDA time for the 8.9 bllllon first-class letters been made available for urban mass IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES malled during the report period. Total mall transportation needs. I believe most of Tuesday, January 9, 1973 volume was 87.2-bllllon. those funds would have gone for urban The second goal Mr. Klassen hopes to highway systems, improvement of exist­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, I am one of a:1.chleve ls a reduction 1n costs. Since 85 ing highways within urban areas, and many who have been concerned by the per cent of the Postal Service's costs are Government's handling of international labor-related, a freeze, stlll partly in effect, other such similar purposes. I am fur­ was imposed on new hiring and a special ther convinced that the use of highway ·1iolations of the Federal Gun Control policy was put into effect to encourage early trust funds under the existing highway 'Act of 1968 by Chicago Tribune report- retirement. trust fund structure would not provide ers. The Government has now refused to These steps, along with normal attrition, adequate funds for urban mass transpor­ prosecute in this case. From Gun Week reduced the postal labor force by 22,511 em­ tation needs unless the expansion of the of January 5 I submit a news article ployes to 706,400 by the end of the fiscal year. interstate highway program is either which outlines the story in detail and an Current employment figures shows 680,000 sharply curtailed or abandoned. editorial from the same publication en­ employes. titled, "Justice's Double Standard." The report also states that productivity The highway and the automobile have has risen, with a 2.4 per cent increase 1n the been relied on heavily in the past while These are well worth the attention of number of pieces of mall handled per man­ little attention has been given to other my colleagues in the Congress. The items hour. The report credits this increase to new modes of transportation. The President follow: mall handling systems and better manage­ cited in the revenue-sharing message on GOVERNMENT REFUSES TO PROSECUTE IN ment by local postmasters, who now have transportation, March 18, 1971, the CHICAGO TRmuNE GUN-BUYING CASE responsiblllty for their own budgets for the astonishing fact that approximately 94 The Federal Government has refused to first time. percent of all travel in urbanized areas prosecute one of the Chicago Tribune news­ Mr. Klassen credits "the commitment by is by automobile, yet 25 percent of our paper reporters involved in self-admitted postal managers, especially in the field" with violations of the 1968 Gun Control Act last holding down costs enabling the Postal Serv­ people-especially the old, the very June. ice to avoid a planned postage rate increase young, the poor, and handicapped-do On Dec. 19, a Federal Grand Jury in Des that had been scheduled for this month. not drive a car. This alone shows the in­ Moines, Iowa, returned an indictment Even with commitments to salary increases adequacy of our transportation program. against Robert Harland Enstad, 34, of Chi­ in 1973, Mr. Klassen has said he does not Our urban centers are constantly grow­ cago, charging him with making false state­ foresee a rise 1n the postage rate in the ing, both in geographical size and pop­ ments to two Des Moines gun dealers while near future. ulation. In just a few decades, the num­ gathering information for a news story. This first year-end report of the Postal However, U.S. Attorney Allen Donielson Service breaks away from the traditionally ber of people living in and close to the refused to sign the indictment, which means drab government report. It resembles a cor­ cities is expected to double. The problem no prosecution wm be forthcoming. Doniel­ poration's report to its stockholders and uses of moving people and goods around and son said his actions in refusing to sign the large numbers of pictures and other graphics. through our urban places is already crit­ indictment were "approved" by the Justice ical. And unless we make full provi­ Department in Washington. sions for a program to meet and solve Donlelson said Enstad's alleged false state­ the urban transportation snarl, it will ments to obtain handguns from Jay's Sales Co., and Ted's Shooters' Supply in Des URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION grow progressively worse, and I fear that Moines were "not a criminal misuse" of fed­ TRUST FUND the only alternative being offered to us eral gun laws. Enstad "intentionally violated is bigger, better, longer, and wider con­ the laws to write a story-but not to commit crete highways. There is still time to a felony," Donielson said in an interview. HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO act-but it must be now. Donielson added that he felt Enstad OF ILLINOIS All too often today we find a city that showed "an atrocious lack of judgment" and was "totally irresponsible" in allegedly vio­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has lost a park to an expressway; the elderly dying of respiratory diseases be­ lating a law to do a story. Tuesday, January 9, 1973 The story, which appeared in the Chicago cause the air is polluted; our children Tribune on June 27, described how Enstad Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, I am becoming statistics--55,000 fa tali ties on and another reporter, W111iam Currie, 31, also today introducing a bill to provide for the our highways each year and those who of Chicago, bought handguns 111egally in establishment of an urban mass trans­ do not have cars or choose not to use Iowa, Florida and Virginia in an attempt to portation trust fund to be funded by an them do not have access to a decent show the ineffectiveness of existing gun con­ amount equal to 40 percent of the total mass transit system. trol laws. received annually in the highway trust The job facing us today is to make our Under provisions of the Gun Control Act it is mega! for anyone except federally li­ fund. urban transit systems efficient and ac­ censed dealers, importers and collectors to I am convinced that the only way we cessible to more people, to charge fares acquire handguns outside their state of resl­ are going to be able to provide a known which are conducive to increased pa­ de;nce. It also ls a felony violation, punish­ and adequate source of funds for urban tronage, and to provide equipment and able by five years' imprisonment and a $5,000 mass transportation is to set up a sep­ service attractive and convenient enough fine, to knowingly make false statements to arate trust fund solely to finance_ the to encourage people to depend on mass a dealer in order to obtain a firearm. needs of urban mass transportation. transit for a substantial part of their According to the Tribune's June 27 article, Since there is no adequate users tax urban travel. which was part of a lengthy series on gun controls, Enstad visited Jay's Sales Co., where upon which revenues can be received for My propooal would simply have 40 he purchased a Colt automatic by using a this urban mass transportation trust percent of all highway trust fund re­ fictitious address in Des Moines, although he fund, I am proposing this bill to have 40 ceipts each year transferred to the urban admitted being told by the clerk, Mrs. Russell percent of all the highway trust funds mass transportation trust fund which LaVine, that sales to out-of-state residents annually be earmarked and transferred would then provide for the direct grants were 1llegal. Enstad said he used his Social from the highway trust fund to the new to the local communities for the exclu­ Security number as identification on the proposed urban mass transportation sive use of urban mass transportation 4473 Form required by federal law to be trust fund. I do not believe that this pro­ needs. filled out by gun buyers. (See July 14 and July 28 issues of Gun Week.) posed use of highway trust fund moneys I urge my colleagues to give their bi­ Later in the Tribune story, Enstad de­ is any way contrary to .the purpose of the partisan support in the 93d Congress to scribed how he used an Illinois driver's highway trust fund. We are providing legislation which would provide efficient, license-along with the fictitious Des Moines here transportation users tax not just for pollution-free mass transportation at a address-to obtain another handgun at Ted's the highways, but for the whole broad reasonable cost in order that a meaning­ Shooters' Supply in Des Moines. :Spectrum of urban mass transportation. ful solution to the problem may be ef­ "Another contraband weapon was on the We all recall the serious controversies fected. street. The next day both weapons arrived in CXIX-45--Part 1 706 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 Chicago via parcel post," the Tribune article Department was saying when It allowed the situations in the Federal Government where said. prosecutor in the case to refuse to sign the firearms controls are involved. The Tribune, which has a long record of indictment against Robert Harland Enstad, If the Justice Deartment chooses to excuse supporting restrictive gun control laws, drew 34, of Chicago. (See story on Page 1) . the GCA68 felony violations committed by irate responses from many Midwest gun deal­ Item: Enstad, in a June 27 by-lined article the Chicago Tribune reporters, then it ers and gun owners as a result of the article. in the Tribune, admitted falsifying his ad­ should free everyone sent to prison for viola­ "They must think they are above the law," dress to two gun dealers in order to buy tion of the act. Those who have been fined said one Midwestern dealer, who urged that handguns lllegally in Des Moines, Iowa, and for v·iolations should receive immediately re­ those responsible be prosecuted for violating shipping the guns through the mall back to funds, plus interest. Also, no future pros­ federal law. Chicago. Both acts constitute federal viola­ ecutions of anyone should be undertaken In answer to the sportsmen's protests, Trib­ tions. for violation of GCA68. That's what should une City Editor Dave Halvorsen told Gun Item: William Currie, 31, another Tribune be done! But, we all know it won't be! The Week, "We don't feel the Tribune is above reporter from Chicago, admitted in the same Justice Department's double standard will the law. The Tribune has traditionally es­ article that he purchased handguns !n Flor­ prevent it !-ADJ poused the importance of abiding by the law. ida and Virginia in violation of GCA68. Ad­ We sent two reporters out to demonstrate ditionally, he admitted to Gun Week staff the ineffectiveness of the law. members in a telephone interview that he Although the reporters admitted in their knew such purchases were lllegal. END THE WAR story that they violated several provisions of Item: Both Enstad and Currie signed the the 1968 Gun Control Act, Halvorsen at­ required 4473 Forms when they made their temµted to justify t heir actions by saying : illegal purchases. HON. BELLA S. ABZUG "We feel that they acted in the interests Item: Several persons are currently resid­ OF NEW YORK of a very crucial issue now present in the ing in federal prison, or have been convicted country. This is the pros and cons of gun and fined, because they broke the same law. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES controls. Sometimes you have to take some Therefore, we must conclude there is a Tuesday, January 9, 1973 ext raordinary measures to demonstrate what special brand of justice that applles to Chi­ can and cannot be done. It would have to be cago Tribune newspaper reporters. Appar­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, many of us our rationale in putting together the whole ently they are exempt from prosecution for are shocked to hear the interpretation package." violating GCA68, if they do it to "demon­ Mr. Nixon seems to have put upon his The "whole package" referred to by Hal­ strate the ineffectiveness of the law." reelection. Rather than a mandate to vorsen included a 10-part series of anti-gun We realize that prosecutors are sometimes make peace-which it certainly was-he articles printed periodically in June and justified in not going to trial in particular seems to feel that he was given a free July. Other reporters involved in compiling criminal cases, because of extenuating cir­ hand to bomb and destroy as he pleases. the series were identified by the Tribune cumstances or lack of evidence. But, this is as George Bliss, director, and Ph111p Caputo not one of those cases. Those who criticize are called "irrespon­ and Pamela Zekman. For one thing, it is grossly unfair to expect sible." Following Donielson's refusal to sign the average citizens to comply with the restric­ One of the administration's most per­ indictment aigalnst Enstad, Grand Jury fore­ tions contained in the 1968 Gun Control Ac·t sistent and reliable critics, the New York man Barbara Whitmer indicated that sev­ or any current law, if a certain select few a.re Times, expressed dismay in an editorial eral members of the jury were "upset" about allowed to boast about having broken it with which I insert in the RECORD: impunity. It is one thing to commit a felony the U.S. Attorney's action. She said the [From the New York Times, Jan. 9, 1973) Grand Jury made a "very thorough investiga­ through ignorance of the law, which has hap­ tion" and their efforts were "a waste of pened many times to unknowing gun owners, THREAT TO CONGRESS time" if the government declined to prose­ and yet another to plot and conspire to The lecture read to the President's Con­ cute. knowingly break the law for the purpose of gressional critics by Herbert G. Klein, the Commenting on his refusal, Donielson said writing a newspaper story. White House Director of Communications, "the Grand Jury has a responsib111ty to de­ It ls a sad day in American jurisprudence spells out Mr. Nixon's determination not to cide whether they have probable cause to when a U.S. Attorney, in this instance Allen brook interference with his conduct of either indict. I have a responsib111ty to decide Donielson, who is pledged to protect the in­ the war or the peace negotiations. In the whether to prosecute." terests of all citizens, simply refuses to pros­ process, political facts at home and mllltary The separation of the powers of the Grand ecute, saying the reporters involved "in­ reaUties in Vietnam are to be bent to the Jury and the prosecutor act as a check and tentionally violated the laws to write a President's wlll. If the truth stands in the balance, assuring "that neither may arbi­ story-but not to commit a felony." For Mr. way, the White House communicators trarily yield the awesome power to indict a Donlelson's information, any violation of the bllthely revise it. person of a crime," Donielson said. Gun Control Act is felony and all of his No other Interpretation can explain Mr. "It is indeed appalling when a member semantical maneuvering cannot change the Klein's complaint that "irresponsible" Con­ of society, simply because of his profession, facts. gressional critics of the President's· course . can intentionally violate a statute of his There are some, for various reasons, who have forgotten that the election gave Mr. country and then call for stronger laws in disagree with Gun Week's position in want­ Nixon "a. very clear mandate to proceed the this area because the present laws are too ing justice done. Some believe that the Gun way he has on Vietnam." weak," Donielson added. Control Act is an unconstitutional law and What precisely was the course that had Despite Donielson's claims, many gun own­ should not be enforced, while others say no been presented to the voters? On the battle­ ers viewed the De3 Moines outcome as a re­ harm was done to anyone, and the matter field, it was a course of steady disengage­ sult of polltical maneuvering between the should be allowed to drop. However, we see ment. The bombing of the North had been Tribune and the Justice Department. it from another viewpoint. In our July 14 halted. Peace was "at hand.'' The prisoners Although it is not common practice for editorial on the subject we said: were thought to be within sight of returning prosecutors to refuse to prosecute if a grand "If they (the Tribune reporters) are not home. jury hands down an indictment, it happens charged and prosecuted, it wlll be an open That was the course on which the President occasionally when the prosecutor feels he invitation for other newspapers and other had "a very clear mandate to proceed." It has insuftlcielllt evidence to warrant going individuals to violate other laws 'to demon­ bears no resemblance to the course since to court, Gun Week learned from legal ex­ strate the ineffectiveness of the law.' It 1s taken-the apparent reopening of the ques­ perts. However, when there is a self-ad­ conceivable that some newspapers would tion of Saigon's sovereignty, implying a per­ mitted violation, such as was contained in choose to import heroin 'to demonstrate the manently divided Vietnam; the terror bomb­ the newspaper article, along with the signed ineffectiveness of the drug laws.' Or others ing; the tragic rise of American casualties 4473 Forms, evidence would not seem to be might choose to violate gambling laws, or tax and prisoners. lacking in this instance. laws, or a myriad of other unpopular laws, To the question whether t he course for Gun Week also learned that it is highly simply to demonstrate that they can be which he asked Congressional support might unusual for a prosecutor to present evidence violated. Eventually there would be total dis­ include renewed carpet bombing, Mr. Klein of a crime to a grand jury without expect­ respect for all laws and our civilized society replied: "I would not rule out any tact ic ing to go to trial if an indictment is handed would revert into nothing more than a jun­ that is necessary to protect American lives down. gle." or to carry out the military objectives which One lawyer speculated that Donielson may We see no reason to alter that opinion! are essential." have been directed by the Justice Depart­ But, at the same time, our opinion has By no stretch of the imagination could the ment to hand the case to the Grand Jury, been changed, and we fear the opinions of recent terror raids have been t ermed neces­ hoping it wouldn't indict. When it did, he many law-abiding gun owners have been sary to protect American lives. It was the had no other alternative than to refuse to changed, regarding the fairness of the Jus­ bombing that want·only destroyed lives-of sign the indictment. tice Department's criteria for enforcing gun American airmen and Vietnamese civilians. The threat to use "any tactic" to carry out control laws. There seems to be a double Mr. Nixon's undefined "military objectives" JUSTICE'S DOUBLE STANDARD standard-one standard for the average man must seem to the American people and the It's okay to violate the Federal Gun Control and another one for reporters representing world as an awesome and unacceptable exten­ Act of 1968-if you're a Chicago Tribune powerful big-city newspapers. It's a rotten sion of Presidential power. It is an extension reporter. This seems to be what the Justice situation, but then there are a lot of rotten that is not rendered palatable by Mr. Klein's January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 707 ) vague assurance that Mr. Nixon considers A scant three yea.rs later, another move 2. SENIOR CITIZENS COMMUNITY CENTERS himself fully accountable and will offer an was under way, this time to Jersey City, v;here AND SERVICES ACT explanation when he considers the time to be the publication was then called Hudson In severa~ right in the best interest of peace. County Dispatch. the last years it has become Such an open-ended extension of the Pres­ The then weekly newspaper continued its .all too clear that the special needs of ident's powers should clearly be unacceptable trek and wound up in old Union Hill and the older Americans are often overlooked. to Congress. To block rather than merely to first edition for the North Hudson area came These needs include community and so­ criticize such a usurpation of power is­ off the press in 1890. cial services designed primarily to allow so far from being irre.:;ponsible-a constitu­ In 1912, other major changes came about. senior citizens to realize their full po­ tional responsibility the Congress has The paper went from a North Hudson after­ tential of their retirement years . . evaded long. The terror raids have stripped noon publication to a morning daily, cover­ all credibility from the White House spokes­ ing Jersey City and Hoboken as well. This bill, the "Senior Citizens Com­ men's protestations that the President knows This capacity, as Hudson County's only munity Centers and Services Act," would best and that not to let him have his way morning newspaper, continues to this day, tackle some of these problems by provid­ will jeopardize the negotiations. although the presidents, publishers, editors ing not only financial assistance for con­ Last year, Mr. Nixon impugned the and other staff members have changed, along struction and oper.ation of senior citizens' patriotism of the nation's opinion-makers with its physical size, the presses, its build­ community centers, but transportation to and business leaders for their failure to rally ing and other equipment. centers as well. to such "difficult" Presidential decisions as Expansion continued and in 1924, a Bergen mining the harbors and bombing the cities County edition was added and it still meets 3. RESOLUTION ESTABLISHING SELECT of North Vietnam. Now Mr. Klein has applied the needs of both the reading and shopping COMMITl'EE ON AGING the same faulty doctrine to the nation's segments of that area. The time is long overdue that the elected representatives by calling for "less And so it has gone, change upon change to House of Representatives should formally rhetoric and more support in the Congress." meet the changing public it services. To heed such a false warning would be tanta­ So, although a new name-The Dispatch­ recognize the special problems of our mount to surrendering the Government of greets the new year, it is still your newspaper. senior citizens by establishing a House the United States to one-man rule. Select Committee on Aging. Such a com­ mittee will provide a constant forum in LEGISLATION TO PROTECT THE PO­ which the problems of the elderly in America can be discussed and studied, CONGRESSMAN DOMINICK V. DAN­ LITICAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC WELFARE OF ALL AMERICANS and compassionate solutions formulated IELS HAILS "THE DISPATCH'S" 100 to the many dilemmas facing older YEARS OF SERVICE TO THE PEO­ Americans. PLE OF NORTHERN NEW JERSEY HON. H. JOHN HEINZ III Without infringing upon the jurisdic­ OF PENNSYLVANIA tion of any existing standing committee, HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS IN THE HOUSE OF REP:ft.ESENTATIVES this resolution would provide formal rec­ ognition to the problems of senior citi­ OF NEW JERSEY Tuesday, January 9, 1973 zens. It should be passed by this body IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. HEINZ. Mr. Speaker, as we begin with all haste. Tuesday, January 9, 1973 a new Congress, I am introducing several TAXES AND GOVERNMENT SPENDING AND Mr. DOMINICK V. DANIELS. Mr. bills of particular importance to both my EFFICIENCY Speaker, on January 1, 1973 the Hudson constituents in southwest Pennsylvania 1. GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES CEil..ING Dispatch of 400 38th Street, Union City, and, I believe, to all Americans. ACT N.J., a great journalistic institution in These bills, all of which I have intro­ In the area of fiscal responsibility, we northern New Jersey, has changed its duced or supported in the past are de­ in Congress have a dual responsibility. name. The Hudson Dispatch has become signed to protect the political, s~cial, and In light of repeated budget deficits and known as merely "The Dispatch" re­ economic welfare of all Americans. To continuing in:fiation, we must assert our :fiecting the fact that this leading news- this end, I am proposing legislation cov­ responsibility to limit Federal expendi­ 1paper's in:fiuence extends far beyond ering a broad area of concerns, with par­ tures during the present fiscal year. But the borders of Hudson County. ticular emphasis on the problems of sen­ we must accomplish this expenditure Mr. Speaker, on this occasion I would ior citizens, taxes and Government limitation through legislation which does spending, control of pollution of all types, like to extend my best wish~s to the Dis­ not further enhance Presidential power patch and my hope that it will continue and personal safety and liberties of at the expense of congressional authority · to serve the people of northern New Jer­ citizens. and prerogatives. sey as it has for the past century and to SENIOR CITIZENS My bill would limit Federal spending publisher Robert L. Boyle, the bearer of 1. SOCIAL SECURITY FOR THE WAGE EARNER in the current fiscal year to $250 billion. a proud Jersey City name, and editor Clearly we must make some basic But it does not provide the President Henry G. Avery for the many improve­ changes in our social security program with the power to selectively cut pro­ ments they have brought to th~s fine old to guarantee workers that their invest­ grams as he sees fit. Rather, to the ex­ newspaper. ment in the form of social security taxes tent that congressional appropriations A statement which appeared on Jan­ paid will give them an adequate return exceed $250 billion, this bill would re­ uary 1, 1973 in The Dispatch announcing when they retire, not a life of poverty quire pro rata reduction in all appropria­ the change follows: after retirement. tions other than interest on the public The bill I am introducing goes far to­ debt and social security. IT'S "THE DISPATCH" This approach provides an acceptable The top of today's front page looks dif· ward removing the threat of a bleak re­ ferent. tirement for working people by ·e:ff ectively short-term solution to the complex and Why? Because the name of this newspaper insuring the relative standard of living continuing problem of improved con­ today officially becomes The Dispatch, in­ for those who have worked hard all their gressional control over the appropria­ dicating its future concept of interest for lives. This bill would provide higher ben­ tions process. the problems of North Jersey. efits to those working people who have 2. TAX POLICY REVIEW ACT OF 1973 This paper will no longer be known as paid the most into the program over the Hudson Dispatch, just as it ls no longer I have long believed that tax policy called Hudson County ::::>ispatch or Harrison longest period. Surely such a change in can be and should be used as a selective Dispatch, other names it has borne during the present program is reasonable and instrument of Government policy pro­ its almost 100 years of service to the people of equitable. viding incentives or disincentives for this area.. I believe we must guarantee minimum various activities in the private sector. A lot has changed since the post-Civil War income support for aged Americans, the But past congressional actions on tax years when The Dispatch first hit the streets, disabled, and for dependent survivors. bills have slowly eroded the income tax the work of an unknown founder, out East We also must help moderate the decline base by providing and maintaining nu­ Newark way. And that was a one-page pub­ lication. in earning standards when the earnings merous tax preferences, many of which The first real records of the newspaper's of the family head drop or are lost demand critical reexamination. The time history go back to 1874 when the paper through retirement, disability, or death. has come for us to examine carefully and moved to a nearby community and became I believe this bill will help bring true comprehensively the complete package known as the Harrison Dispatch. "social security for the wage earner." of tax preferences with the intention of 708 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 eliminating or modifying those which sites across the country for the purpose my colleagues an editorial broadcast on can no longer be justified. of demonstrating different maintenance January 4, 1973, by WEEI, a CBS radio The Tax Policy Review Act of 1973 techniques for all the States. The sites affiliate in Boston. would assure careful congressional as­ selected will be determined by choosing This editorial has given enthusiastic sessment of each tax preference by pro­ those States that will provide various endorsement to our colleague and friend viding now for their termination over a classes of highways, types of pavements, Congressman THOMAS P. O'NEILL upon 3-year period. bases, and subbases, and those with dif­ his unanimous election to the position of 3 . INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION ACT OF ferent terrain, topography, and climatic House majority leader. 1973 conditions. I and other members of the Massa­ If we are to be effective in holding This demonstration project will pro­ chusetts delegation take particular pleas­ down Government expenditures ulti­ vide to the States the most recent infor­ ure in the concluding sentence of the edi­ mately we must ferret out all waste and mation on the best and most economi­ torial where WEEI congratulates Con­ inefficiency in Federal agencies and pro­ cally feasible techniques for maintaining gressman O'NEILL's "colleagues for seeing grams. This bill is designed to start us our Nation's highways. in the Massachusetts lawmaker the at­ on the road to the reduction of such With almost 272,000 deaths caused by tributes his constituents at home have waste and inefficiency by taking several accidents on our Nation's highways in the recognized for decades." courses of action. These include provi­ past 5 years, there should be no further The WEEI editorial follows: sions improving financial management proof required to show that our high­ THOMAS P. O'NEILL, MAJORITY LEADER of Federal assistance programs and fa­ ways safety must be improved. I believe Accepting the post of House Majority cilitating the consolidation of such pro­ we can do so without additional costs Leader, Massachusetts Congressman grams; strengthening further congres­ by improving construction and mainte­ Thomas P. O'Netll quoted remarks made by sional review of Federal grants-in-aid; nance. Sam Rayburn 20 years ago. After he had been 3. PRIVACY BILL voted House Minority Leader, Rayburn said, providing for a catalog of Federal assist­ "Any jackass can kick down a barn, but it ance programs, and extending and Many people find today that the pri­ takes a carpenter to build one." Said O'Neill amending the law relating to intergov­ vacy of their own home will not protect the other day: "We intend in the 93rd Con­ e.!_nmental cooperation. them or their children from receiving gress that the Democrats be the carpenters." POLLUTION CONTROL TAX ACT OF 1973 mail that is unsolicited, unwanted, ob­ In WEEI's opinion, Washington needs car­ This legislation would amend the U.S. jectionable, and in some cases obscene. penters very badly-especially on Capitol H111. This is a type of invasion of privacy that Recent years have seen a tremendous build­ Tax Code by imposing a tax on the dis­ up of power in the executive branch of the charge of pollutants into our Nation's air can and must be put to a stop. federal government. This concentration of and water. Most important, this bill The bill I present today is designed to power at the White House has clearly been would place the burden of pollution con­ protect the individual's right of privacy at the expense of Congress. And don't rush to trol where it belongs-on the polluter, by prohibiting the sale or distribution of blame President Nixon. The deterioration of not on each and every taxpayer irrespec­ certain personal information. This par­ Congressional muscle began before Mr. Nixon tive of whether or not he pollutes. ticular bill, in effect, would give the in­ moved into the White House. Another important feature about this dividual the right to control what is Majority Leader O'Neill says several goals known about him or her and insure that can be accomplished if House Democrats be­ bill is that it provides an incentive to re­ come carpenters-or builders-of the nation's duce pollution below the standards con­ information collected for one purpose present and future. He says: "We can bring tained in the Water Pollution Control will not be used for another. the war in Vietnam to an end. We can stop Act and the Clean Air Act, as well as pro­ The right to privacy is one every Amer­ the erosion of the powers of Congress by the viding revenue to help pay for the Fed­ ican should enjoy. To deprive anyone of President. We can improve the image which eral share of pollution abatement con­ this right by denying control over what the public has of Congress." tained in these acts. he or she receives through the mail Those three goals represent a rather large I believe the Pollution Control Tax Act should be illegal. target for a new Majority Leader but WEE! is I hope the House will give this bill the confident that Congressman Thomas P. of 1973, which I introduce today, is a O'Neill is the right man for the job. Through reasonable, effective, and nondiscrimina­ immediate attention it deserves. his years of public service on Beacon Hill and tory mechanism for dealing with the Mr. Speaker, these are the bills which in Washington, he has demonstrated a great threats and problems posed by the pol­ I introduce at the beginning of this, the ab111ty to lead others toward worthy goals. lution of our air and water. I hope my 93d Congress. Particularly in the fields WEE! congratulates Congressman "Tip" colleagues will assist in the speedy enact­ of special security, pollution control, and O'Neill on his new position of leadership, and ment of this bill. Federal spending control, I plan to do we congratulate his colleagues for seeing in all I can to see that the ideas in these the Massachusetts lawmaker the attributes PERSONAL SAFETY AND LIBERTIES bills will receive a full hearing both in his constituents at home have recognized for 1. THE SAFE STATES ACT OF 1973 and out of Congress. My intention is to decades. Between 1960 and 1970, major disas­ generate as much public discussion, ters were declared in 44 States. Yet only political analysis and, hopefully, support 14 of the 50 States have taken even mini­ through speaking, writing, and otherwise IN SUPPORT OF LEGISLATION IN­ mal steps to prepare for disasters. exposing to interested groups and the CREASING THE PERSONAL EX­ This legislation strengthens the Dis­ public the fundamentally and strategi­ EMPTION FROM $750 TO $1,200 aster Relief Act of 1970 to insure that the cally different approaches in each of citizens of this country will be protected these areas. from natural disasters to the fullest pos­ I am not particularly interested in see­ HON. TOM RAILSBACK sible extent. It provides, in part, for: ing a bili with my :::iame on it become law, OF ILLINOIS First, the establishment of minimum and this is not my objective. What is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Federal standards for disaster prepared­ more important is that these ideas are Tuesday, January 9, 1973 ness; examined and debated and enacted into Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, I am Second, the development and mainte­ law when their time comes. It is my hope nance by States of disaster preparedness to hasten that time by working as hard cosponsoring legislation with Congress­ plans in accordance with Federal stand­ as I am able to insure their early and full man QuILLEN to amend the Internal ards; exposure. Revenue Code of 1954 to increase the Third, increase in the Federal contri­ personaJ, exemption from $750 to $1,200. bution to States for development and The personal exemption was set at maintenance of disaster plans; and THOMAS P. O'NEILL $750 for 1973 by the Tax Reform Act of 1969. Prior to the 1969 act the personal Fourth, the cancellation of all Federal exemption was $600, which was set in disaster relief assistance to any State not 1948. Since the cost of living had risen meeting Federal disaster preparedness HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN OF MASSACHUSETTS over 50 percent between 1948 and 1969, standards. obviously the 25-percent increase to $750 2. HIGHWAY SAFETY MAINTENANCE DEMONSTRA- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES scheduled by the 1969 act was sadly lack­ TION PROJECT Tuesday, January 9, 1973 ing in achieving any sort of equality with I am again introducing a bill that Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I am de- the increased cost of living. The Revenue would create ten project demonstration lighted and honored to make available to Act of 1971, which advanced the e:ffec- January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 709 tive date for the $750 exempt.ion, did not student is approximately $2,084 a year. corn and more soybeans last spring? You provide a remedy either since the cost For students attending college in their don't think we're stupid, do you?" cracked an own States, the median charge is $1,376. Illinois farmer as a CBS camera crew was of living rose 6 percent in 1970 and shooting "The Great Rain Scandal" to be another 4 percent in 1971. These figures include basic charges only. aired next week. However, the authors of the Revenue They do not include incidentals such as A big farmer in Indiana did admit under Act of 1971 did recognize the straits the travel, recreation, laundry, and clothing. heavy questioning that his first-cousin who ordinary consumer was in. When they I will not pretend my recommended works at the Des Moines, Iowa airport phoned reported the bill, the tax writing com­ increase to $1,200 in the personal exemp­ him one Saturday to say it was raining there, mittees stated that advancing the effec­ tion will assure that every child who "but my decision to work on Sunday to finish tive date of the increased personal wants a college education can afford it. harvest was my own idea," he testified. A NFO official militantly told the same exemption-coupled with other tax re­ However, in some cases, the additional sub-committee, "We need a real dirt farmer duction provisions for individuals-was money could mean the difference be­ Secretary who knows farmers' plight and will desirable because of the need to increase tween a family providing its members do something about the weather." consumption to stimulate the economy with a higher education or having them While Farm Bureau ofilcials strongly ob­ and to aid those already severely bur­ seek employment with only their high jected to any government action against t.he dened by inflation. school education. weather, Farmer's Union called for a massive There is disagreement among tax t.he­ Sylvia Porter reported in August 1972 federal program for better weather control because "bad weather hurts small farmers a. oreticians about the role the personal that at existing price levels, it will cost lot more than those dastardly corporate exemption is supposed to play in our nearly $100,000 to raise one child and giants." tax la.ws. However, historical evidence send him through college. The yearly points to the intent of Congress to allow cost of rearing one child will be roughly a taxpayer sufficient income tax free to 15 to 17 percent of the family income. VIETNAM CHILDREN'S CARE cover minimum living costs for himself The cost of feeding one child to age 18 AGENCY and his dependents. Naturally, there is will total $8,500. The costs of support­ a problem in deciding just what consti­ ing an 18-year-old will be roughly 30 tutes sufficient income for Americans to 45 percent higher than those for a HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER whose standard of living has risen stead­ 1-year-old. OF WISCONSIN ily over the years. These are awesome figures. We, as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Let us examine one of the guideposts Members of Congress, must make sure Tuesday, January 9, 1973 available to determine what is neecled to that inflation and taxes do not force maintain different standards of living Americans to lower their standard of Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, on in America today. The Department of living. We must recognize that in an in­ January 3, I introduced H.R. 61, to estab­ Labor has updated to autumn 1971 its flationary economy, such as ours has lish the Vietnam Children's Care Agency. four-person urban family budgets. These been in recent years, the effect of a per­ In the 92d Congress, both the House and budgets are based on a survey of 39 met­ sonal exemption that stays at a constant the Senate accepted the Vietnam Chil­ ropolitan areas, four nonmetropolitan amount is equivalent to a tax increase. dren's Care Agency proposal, which I regions, and Anchorage, Alaska, to de­ My proposal to increase the personal sponsored, as an amendment to the For­ termine how much is required for a fam­ exemption to $1,200 is, I believe, fiscally eign Assistance Act of 1972. Unfor­ ily of four to maintain different stand­ responsible, and is an important step tunately, due to various differences be­ ards of living. The family of four is a toward alleviating the great burden im­ tween the House and Senate versions of hypothetical one consisting of a 38-year­ posed on the American taxpayer by the the foreign aid bill which could not be old man with a steady job, a wife who ever-rising cost of living. I urge immedi­ resolved; the measure died when the 92d does not work, a 13-year-old son, and an ate and favorable action on this legisla­ Congress adjourned. 8-year-old daughter. The budgets are tion. The need for the Vietnam Children's illustrative of three different levels of Care Agency still exists. It is estimated living and provide for different specified that there are about 700,000 children in types and amounts of goods and services. THE GREAT RAIN SCANDAL South Vietnam who are orphaned or The budgets pertain to the urban family abandoned as a result of the war. These only, which has, for each budget. level, HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL children have suffered terribly during the average inventories of clothing, house course of the conflict, and man'y are vic­ furnishings, major durables, and other OF ILLINOIS tims of our military operations in South equipment. The average cost of a ·'lower" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Vietnam. They will continue to suffer budget for this family was $7,214; the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 even more as our servicemen withdraw cost of the "intermediate" budget was Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, as I was from that nation. The problem of caring $10,971; and the cost of the "higher" looking through this month's issue of the for these youngsters is immense, far be­ budget was $15,905. Consumption Farm Journal, I came across the follow­ yond the capabilities of the present items-food, housing, clothing, trans­ ing article which I conunend to the at­ South Vietnamese Government, and to portation, medical care, et cetera-came tention of my colleagues without further abandon these young victims of the war to 81 percent of the total lower level comment. The article speaks for itself: would be cruel and inhumane. Thus, it is budget, 70 percent of the budget at the both necessary and appropriate that our intermediate level, and 75 percent of the THE GREAT RAIN SCANDAL Government begin to assume the moral higher level budget. The USDA knew that we'd have a rainy obligation to help care for these children. fall, but they kept it under their hat, con­ These budgets are not intended to rep­ gressmen are charging. Farmers who har­ The Vietnam Children's Care Agency resent a minimum or subsistence level of vested late claim those who beat the bad legislation authorizes $5 million, most of living. But it is clear that since such a weather had unfair advantage and reaped which will be allocated for the establish­ large proportion of each budget is allo­ higher soybean prices. ment, improvement, and expansion of cated to the family's basic needs and Mud is flying in and out of the fields. South Vietnamese day care centers, or­ most of the remainder goes to employ­ USDA officials are accused of being "cozy" phanages, hostels, school feeding pro­ ment and income taxes, there is little with the Weather Bureau, and of having ad­ grams, and related programs in health, vance information that this would be a wet­ welfare, and education for South Viet­ room for those items which enhance the ter-than-normal harvest season. quality of living. Yet instead of sharing that information namese children. A second purpose of Since the children in this hypothetical with farmers, USDA ofilcials (allegedly) let this bill is directed toward those South family are under college age, the budgets the weather unfold a day at a time. Vietnamese children who have no family contain practically nothing for hirrher Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz insists or guardians, and are, therefore, eligible education expenses. According to fig~res he had no idea how extensive or heavy the for adoption, and for whom an accept­ from the 1972-73 college costs survey rains would be until he found water in the able home can be found in the United conducted by the Life Insurance Agency basement of his Indiana homestead. But in­ States. While emphasis will be focused on side sources say Butz bought 5-buckle boots Management Associ~tion, covering near­ in September. facilitating the adoption of the thou­ ly 1,250 U.S. colleges and universities Farmers who got their soybeans harvested sands of orphaned or abandoned chil­ the median cost for basic charges-tui~ early, before the price rise, maintain they dren of American fathers, by no means tion, fees, room, and board-at a publicly had no prior knowledge of late-fall rains. "If does this exclude the adoption of all­ supported school for an out-of-State we had, why wouldn't we have planted less Vietnamese children who are homeless. 710 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 In the past, those Americans wishing to ing today in Waukesha to help the Southeast wounded when a New Year's celebrant fired adopt Vietnamese children experienced council make recommendations in fund allo­ a gun in the direction of her window. Radisa cations for the broad areas. Colligan has been Vojinov, 30, was found shot, killed, and interminable delays and were required police chief of Elkhorn since being appointed robbed at a Douglas Park elevated station. to pay exorbitant fees. This measure July 1, 1969. Formerly he had been with the A suspect was later arrested, carrying a .22 would seek to untangle the bureaucratic Wisconsin motor vehicle department. caliber pistol and Mr. Vojinov's wallet. An­ snarl that has developed in the United An organizational meeting of the south­ tonio Loza, 36, was shot and killed during States-Vietnamese adoption process and east area was held last week in Racine, at an argument over a woman. Henry Judkins, would serve to expedite procedures when which Lt. Roger Schoenfeld, of the Kenosha 37, sitting alone in a bar, shot and killed any complications arise. county sheriff's department was named himself. chairman of the agency. The chairman, Lake Robert Ellis, 36, convicted robber and ac­ Mr. Speaker, the enactment of this Geneva Police Chief Robert Clapper and Col­ cused "Friday night rapist" of the Near North legislation will represent the beginning of ligan comprise three of the five law enforce­ Side, was shot and killed by Ann Leybourne, the commitment the United States must ment officers on the South east council. Other a policewoman trainee. Ellis was free from make in acknowledging our contribution members include a judge, a juvenile court the rape charges because of a questionable to the suffering of these youngsters, and administrator, a social worker, a mayor, a ruling by Criminal Court Judge Earl Stray­ in assuming our responsibility to help county board chairman , a county board horn that identification of Ellis in a police these innocent children. member, a district attorney and five citizens. lineup was inadmissible because there was The new planning council is also expected no other person in the lineup with Ellis' to make committee appointments over the hairline. POLICE CHIEF NAMED TO PLANNING next f ew months for specialized program Ellis was killed with his own gun. Accord­ COUNCIL areas. ing to Miss Leybourne, he had abducted her in her car at gunpoint. When his attention was distracted, she was able to shoot him HON. LES ASPIN ACTION NEEDED TO PREVENT once with her gun. When he knocked that DEATHS FROM SMALL ARMS away, she seized his gun and shot him three OF WISCONSIN more times. IN 'r¥E HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It was worth noting that all of the identi­ Tuesday, January 9, 1973 HON. ROBERT McCLORY fied guns in these shootings were handguns; that Miss Leybourne, as a member of the Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, Police Chief OF ILLINOIS police department, was the only one author­ Bernard Colligan, a constituent of mine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ized to carry a gun [most of them apparent­ from the First District of Wisconsin was Tuesday, January 9, 1973 ly were not even registered]; and that the recently named by Gov. Patrick Lucey to shooting in which she was involved was the be a member of the Southeast Wisconsin Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, the sub­ only justifiable one in 'the bunch. ject of gun control is one which has pro­ The lesson here is inescapable. If the pos­ Criminal Justice Planning Council. This vided great controversy and frequent session of handguns were limited to those council is responsible for distributing misunderstanding in the U.S. Congress with a legitimate use for them, a great many Federal funds in the State and for im­ unnecessary and senseless deaths might be proving the criminal justice system. and our State legislative bodies. While prevented. And this will never be achieved i! With the experience that Chief Colligan I have been sensitive to the need to pre­ we don't start now by imposing strict con­ has had in this field, I am sure that he serve our constitutional right to possess trols on the availability of handguns and by and bear arms, I have become convinced more diligent application of existing stop and will make a valuable contribution to this that some national criteria should be es­ frisk laws. council. I would like to call to the atten­ tablished for identification and for the While guns are praised for their useful­ tion of my colieagues an article con­ possession and use of pistols and ness in hunting and self-defense, they con­ cerning Chief Colligan and the council revolvers. tinue to be used for murder, roberry, sui­ to which he has just been appointed: Mr. Speaker, another shocking in­ cide, and even New Year's noise-making. P OLICE CHIEF NAM ED TO PLANNING COUNCIL These tragic shootings were among the first cident was reported in the New York of ·the year, but we're afraid they will not be Police Ch ief Bernard Colligan is one of 18 Times of January 2, 1973, about a the last. persons in a six county area t o be appointed to the Southeast Wisconsin Criminal Justice woman of 30 years of age who attempted Planning council. to park her car and became enraged The non-partisan district appointment was with a man driving another car who was ADMINISTRATOR TOM KLEPPE CON­ made by Gov. Patrick Lucey earlier this trying to take the same parking space. TINUES AS ADMINISTRATOR OF month and is a part of the Wisconsin Coun­ This woman proceeded to fire at the per­ SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRA­ cil on Criminal Justice that was created un­ sons in the other car, killing one person TION, ASSURING CONTINUITY IN der the omnibus crime control and safe and wounding two others. She then sped street s act to distribute federal funds in the SMALL BUSINESS ASSISTANCE stat e and to improve the criminal justice away with her male companion. This PROGRAMS syst em. incident was one of four such shootings Presently the st ate council and its 10 af­ which occurred during the early evening filiated district councils have 46 projects in hours of January 1, 1973, in New York HON. JOE L. EVINS 10 program areas involved in upgrading law City. 01<' TENNESSEE enforcement personn el; prevention of crime A recent editorial in the Chicago IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with emphasis on p u blic education, narcotics Tribune of Wednesday, January 3, 1973, and dangerous drug education, prevention recounts several fatal experiences with Tuesday, Januar y 9, 1973 and t reatment; prevention and control of juvenile delinquency; improvement of detec­ handguns which might have been Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, tion an d apprehension of criminals through avoid~d by the enactment of some ap­ I was pleased to note in the press recent­ improved police communications, technology propriate statutory regulation. The New ly that our former colleague, the Honor­ and equipment; educational programs on Year's holiday deaths attributable to able Tom Kleppe, will continue as Ad­ judicial and prosecution procedures and legal small arms are reported in the attached ministrator of the Small Business Ad­ defense, and increase the effectiveness of cor­ editorial: ministration. One of the great problems rect ions and rehabilitation, and reintegra­ SHOOTING IN THE NEW YEAR which our Small Business Committee has t ion of the offender into the community. noted with respect to the operation of As mentioned previously, t h e state coun ­ The National Rifle Association and other cil has $11 ¥:! million in funds to allocate to opponents of strict gun control often remind SBA has been the frequent changes in these specific areas. The district councils us of the many justifiable uses of guns. We Administrators-SBA has had 11 Ad­ such as the one comprising Walworth, Ra­ invite them to examine the grim uses to ministrators since 1953. cine, Kenosha, Ozaukee, Washington and which police say these weapons were put in Tom Kleppe is an able, energetic, and Waukesha counties, will have responsibilities Chicago during the New Year holiday. dedicated Administrator and champion in studying funding requests from public Six-year-old Elva Cano was shot and killed of small business, and certainly I wel­ and private agencies as well as initiating by her own father, who explained he was try­ come the prospect of continuing to work projects as needs are seen or planning ing to unjam his .25 automatic when it acci­ dictates in the future. The district councils dentally fired. Ivan Manqual, 3, was shot and with him and cooperaite with Adminis­ will be helping the state planning agency to wounded by his father, who was firing a gun trator Kleppe in the years ahead. His decide on the allocations, which must be ap­ to celebrate New Year's Eve. reappointment will assure continuity and proved by the federal government. Mrs. Miyoka Holley, 23, was shot and killed experience in the office of SBA Adminis­ Colligan, who is one of two appointees during a New Year's argument with her hus­ trator, which is needed in the public in­ from Walworth county, is to attend a meet- band. Jacqueline Nobel, 14, was shot and terest. January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 711 I ZAUBER ON FREEDOM across the border starts shooting or explod- PROCLAMATION ing bombs, self-defense or annihilation are Whereas, the youth of the City of Berkeley usually the options. are seldom offered inspiration for achieve­ A Department of Peace, by logic and nec­ ment in a public forum, and HON. JAMES M. COLLINS essity, would attract pacifists. A Department Whereas, public recognition of talent and OF TEXAS of Freedom should attract patriots. value generates such inspiration, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES One department would be projecting a Whereas, Philip Chenier, a native of the dream; the other would be offering practical City of Berkeley, has exemplified himself in Tuesday, January 9, 1973 programs for maintaining peace through the field of professional sports and has a strength. history of concern for and involvement with Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, out in Surely the citizens of the world must be the Oak Cliff suburb of Dallas, we have young people in the City of Berkeley, and cognizant of America's compassion and no­ Whereas, a broad spectrum of Berkeley citi­ a progressive editor named Ray Zauber. bility. We have started no wars. We have zens have urged that such recognition be He has an innovative mind and a strong helped our defeated enemies. We are Santa given to Philip Chenier for his athletic and. belief in the principles that built our Claus to the entire globe. scholastic achievements, as evidenced by his Republic. But unless we remain free, a philosophy being the recipient of 63 trophies and 204 Zauber writes a well-read column in of government which is headed by tyrannical scholarship offers at the age of 17. his Oak Cliff Tribune. In a December 1972 despots wm eventually gain control of all Now, therefore, be it resolved, that I, issue he headlines a column called "De­ men. The slavery of communism provides a Warren Widener, Mayor of the City of Berke­ very bleak future for the history of mankind. ley, do hereby proclaim January 12, 1973 partment of Freedom Our Proposal." It The United States--almost standing Philip Chenier Day in recognition of his is a timely suggestion as Congress con­ alone--is the final bulwark between freedom talent and achievement in the field of pro­ tinues to build a more autocratic, all­ and slavery. fessional sports and in recognition of the powerful Federal Government, which A Department of Freedom, properly or­ dearth of opportunities for motivation of takes away individual liberties. It is time ganized and purely motivated, could be the Berkeley youth in a public forum. that the cause of freedom had more out­ greatest legacy Richard Nixon could leave spoken friends in Washington. Here is to future generations of America. . the stimulating proposal from Ray Zau­ ber in the Oak Cliff Tribune: AMERICAN HUNGARIAN FEDERA­ DEPARTMENT OF FREEDOM OUR PROPOSAL BERKELEY PROCLAIMS "PHIL CHE­ TION SHOWS DEEP CONCERN FOR (By Ray Zauber) NIER DAY" TO HONOR OUTSTAND­ THE PROBLEMS OF EAST CENTRAL Scratchpad read somewhere last week that ING RESIDENT EUROPE President Nixon is seriously considering the establishment of a Department of Peace. Even though the Chief Executive has made HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS HON. GERALD R. FORD many recent headlines about his determina­ OF MICHIGAN tion to start hacking at the mammoth fed­ OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral bureaucracy, the Peace Department pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES posal certainly strikes a responsive chord. Tuesday, January 9, 1973 At first blush. Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr.- Speaker, The Vietnamese conflict has created deep Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, !'rom time fissures in our great society and has been a on November 4, 1972, the American Hun­ cause celebre for academe, the intelligentsia, to time, amidst the turmoil and con­ garian Federation at its quadrennial con­ the pacifists and the ultraliberals. troversy that centers around the coming vention in Philadelphia unanimously That determined minority of American of age of each generation, a figure adopted a resolution calling for support voters who so often exercise control far be­ emerges who, for various reasons, stands of the administration's policies on freer yond their actual numbers would undoubted­ out among peers, and who through sheer movement of ideas and true reciprocity of ly find a peace secretariat providing a tempt­ effort, dedication and hard work­ ing target. cultural relations with East Central through the dent of unusual character, Europe and the Soviet Union. Imagine such a government division, head­ personality and personal perspective, ed by some egg-head of the George McGov­ The resolution also referred to the ern stripe an d dedication, creating interna­ raises a symbol of hope and inspiration principles laid down for international tional headlines with idealistic and that cannot fail to attract our attention. relations by the United States and the impractical suggestions for brotherly love In the city of Berkeley, in recent years, Soviet Union and reminded us that we among nations and races. such a young man emerged in the pres­ must be watchful lest U.S. policy be mis­ With our own tax funds to defray the cost, ence of Mr. Philip Chenier. He was born, construed by the Soviets for the purpose such a department could attract the largest raised, and educated in Berkeley, the son congerie of kooks and oddballs ever assem­ of preventing free political development of proud parents, Gene and Peggy Che­ in East Central Europe. bled by any government of any nation. And nier,• who themselves are symbolic of we are the first to admit that Washington, With this caution in mind, I think it D.C., has already attracted its share of what a family can do despite the dis­ can be said that developments in recent weird ones. appointments of our social problems and years have created such a degree of Instead of a utopian agency which would the shortcomings of our urban environ­ mutual recognition of essential interests change directions abruptly in the event of ment. Phil always displayed a passion for between East and West that East-West Ted Kennedy's election to the presidency, work, commitment, and later, profes­ relations can be put on a quantitatively why not opt for a Department of Freedom? sional performance, that was truly re­ new level by expanding the areas of co­ Peace without freedom isn't worth the price markable. He excelled in basketball at unless the reader happens to sympathize operation. These new conditions have with the "better red than dead" theory. Berkeley High School and the University been created both at the level of the A Secretary of Freedom could be charged of California, and in one and a half short superpawers and by West European di­ with a gigantic educational program to purge years, has become an outstanding profes­ plomacy. American history books. He could direct his sional performer with the Baltimore Bul­ Besides mutual force reductions and energies toward rebuilding American ideal lets. possibly an enlarged SALT II, a future and reconstructing America's Jncomparable Phil Chenier means something special history. European Conference for Security and to the city of Berkeley. Cooperation is now at the center of at­ American children could be taught that He should mean something to all the tention as a possible means to initiate in­ freedom is very dear and that the price is people of this country as they have an extremely costly. He could repeat the awe­ stitutionalized East-West cooperation in some chapters of America's great battles for opportunit~ · to learn of his signal various fields. independence and the never-ending vigilance achievements. It is to this end that I There is little doubt that the chances which freedom has demanded. place in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a for immediate steps in East-West coop­ President Nixon's thirst for peace is noble. proclamation offered by the city of eration have improved cignificantly. But The President's motives cannot be faulted, Berkeley through its mayor, the Honor­ only concrete negotiations based on the even if he has an eye cocked at the history in books. able Warren Widener, hopes that I realities of the situation in East Central But peace is elusive. One nation, no matter may do my part in commending this Europe will show whether the rising how oowerful or how well-intentioned, can­ young man, Mr. Phil Chenier, to the hopes can be fulfilled. not maintain peace by itself. If the fellow Nation: I share the deep concern of the Amer- 712 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 I lean Hungarian Federation f.or the prob­ By the end of 1930, South Gate's pop­ [Translation from Lithuanian] lems of East Central Europe. We must be ulation had grown to 19,632 and possessed A BOOK ON THE PANAMA CANAL-"THE PAN­ ever mindful of the consequences of any a taxable wealth of over $14.5 million. AMA CANAL: HEART OF AMERICA'S SECURITY" actions we may take concerning that New industry continued to move into the This book has been written by Mr. Jon P. area. city, and practically all of the streets Speller, editor of the East Europe magazine. were well paved and studded with orna­ The book contains six chapters, enclosures, mental light standards. and bibliography. The author exposes the COMMEMORATING THE 50TH ANNI­ following basic ideas: (a) The United States Due to the progressive leadership, of America have the sovereign rights to Pan­ VERSARY OF SOUTH GATE, CALIF. favorable and pleasant surroundings, and ama Canal; (b) Joining two oceans-the At­ dedicated, hardworking citizens, the city lantic with the Pacific-the Panama Canal is of South Gate has prospered and has the heart of America's security. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON continued to lead the way for other cities. Supporting his thesis by numerous docu­ OF CALIFORNIA The beautiful parks, balanced industrial, ments, the author is proving the legal and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES commercial and residential growth, su­ practical aspects of this important problem. If the administration of the Canal falls into Tuesday, January 9, 1973 perior schools, and the active and talent­ some other hands, there is no doubt that the ed residents have brought South Gate, Soviet Navy will start demonstrating in the Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. with a background of romance and ad­ Speaker, on January 20, the city of South areas of the South American continent, too. venture, into an era of impressive suc­ The book is illustrated, hard cover, beau­ Gate, Calif.-the Azalea CitY.-Will cele­ cess. tifully printed. It was published by Robert brate its 50th anniversary as an incor­ Under the watchful eye of their dedi­ Speller & Sons Publishers, Inc., 10 East 23rd porated city. cated mayor, Frank Gafkowski, Jr., and Street, New York, N.Y. 10010. Price $5.95. Formerly a part of the old Rancho San Vice Mayor Don Sawyer, with the guid­ America's security is of a paramount im­ Antonio, with caballeros, vaqueros, In­ ance of a talented city council, composed portance to all people of this country, among dians, and cowboys, South Gate's mete­ of Ruth E. Wakefield, Harold Prukop, and them to Lithuanians. The same publishers oric rise has been phenomenal. For this are to print also the documentary history of Bill L. Cox, and with devoted public the Soviet-Russian and Nazi-German con­ area contained only vast fields of cauli­ servants, such as City Clerk Dorothy Mc­ spiracy against Lithuania, prepared by the flower and barley until December 14, Ga:ff ey, and Treasurer Flora McClure, Supreme Committee for the Liberation of 1917, when Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Tope South Gate's future is as bright as her Lithuania and edited by Dr. Bronis Kaslas. moved into the first house of what is now past. DARBININKAS. a thriving community of over 58,000 resi­ Mr. Speaker, it is with great p1'ide that dents. I take note of the great accomplishments By December 1919, over 125 homes had of the people of South Gate, and I salute BALDWIN AND ROBERTS HEAD LAW been constructed, and the population her for her 50 years of progress which had grown to approximately 500 resi­ ENFORCEMENT YOUNG ADULT have led to a community that combines PROGRAM dents. In addition, the residents estab­ the best qualities and advantages of Cali­ lished a local school which had an en­ fornia living. rollment of 52 students. HON. LES ASPIN The early settlers soon organized the OF WISCONSIN South Gate Improvement Club, which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES met every 2 weeks. Two of its members, PANAMA CANAL: HEART OF AMERI­ Mrs. Tope and Mrs. Shook, felt that a CA'S SECURITY-REVIEWED IN Tuesday, January 9, 1973 church was needed in the community, LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE NEWS­ Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, two constit­ and on July 18, 1921, the South Gate PAPERS uents of mine were recently elected tem­ Gardens Community Presbyterian porary copresidents of the newly orga­ Church was organized, composed of 30 or nized young adult program of the 40 members, representing 12 denomina­ HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD Evansville Police Department in Wiscon­ tions. OF PENNSYLVANIA sin. I commend these men for their par­ By autumn of 1922, the local citizens IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ticipation in this program. Communica­ felt that their infant community had Tuesday, January 9, 1973 tion and understanding between youth reached the stage of incorporation. A pe­ and law enforcement officials is greatly tition for incoporating the town of South Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, those who needed and hopefully this organization Gate, signed by more than 50 qualified have followed my addresses in the Con­ can help fill this need. electors, was presented to the board of gress know that over many years two of I would like to call to the attention of supervisors. To determine the will of the my major interests have been capti~e na­ my colleagues an article which details voters, an election was held on Janu­ tions and the interoceanic canal ques­ more fully this new organization and the ary 2, 1923, and a majority favored incor­ tion. It was, therefore, most appropriate positions these fine men will hold in it: poration. that the prominent Lithuanian language [From the Evansville Review, Dec. 28, 1972} A newspaper Darbininkas published a re­ board of trustees was elected, consist­ BALDWIN AND ROBERTS HEAD LAW ENFORCE- ing of I. W. Lampman, J. H. Woods, C. A. view of the important 1972 book by Jon MENT YOUNG ADULT PROGRAM Shaw, Frank A. Moore, and Agnes W. P. Speller on "The Panama Canal: Heart Paul Baldwin and Roger Roberts were Foster. Mr. G. H. Hurd and Mr. James W. of America's Security." elected temporary co-presidents of the newly Shope were South Gate's first city clerk In addition to his years of study of organized young adult program of the Evans­ and city treasurer, resp·ectively. problems of hemispheric defense and ville Police Department. However, the city's official birthday is Panama Canal, Mr. Speller, r.,c:; the per­ Thirteen youths attended the first organi­ January 20, 1923-the day Frank C. Jor­ sonal secretary to the late Comdr. zational meeting Monday evening at the local dan, the secretary of the State of Cali­ Sergius M. Riis, former League of Na­ municipal building. Several more youths are known to ha,ve interest in joining this unique fornia, certified South Gate, with 2,500 tions adviser to the Baltic States, has group. residents, as an incorporated city. had a very active interest in those coun­ To assist youths not at Monday's meeting During the first year of incorporation, tries. He is now executive editor of the to still be eligible for charter membership the growing community established its international magazine, East Europe. a followup meeting has been set for Thurs­ own form of public transportation, con­ The review of the Speller volume was day, Dec. 28 at 7: 30 pm. at the municipal sisting of an antiquated Maxwell, driven written by former Litl)uanian Minister building. Charter registration fee is $2.50 by Mrs. Nina Murray, who cruised south of Agriculture Juozas Audenas, vice per year. president of the Supreme Committee for At Monday night's session Police Chief on Seville Avenue to Liberty Boulevard, Richard Luers explained the relationship be­ east on Liberty to Otis Avenue, and re­ the Liberation of Lithuanic. Dr. Bronis tween his department and Exploring B.S.A., turn. J. Kaslas mentioned in the review is pro­ through which the national charter is The following year, 1924, South Gate fessor of history, Wilkes College, Wilkes­ granted. He likewise explained many aspects organized its first police department, and Barre, Pa. of law enforcement as future programming dedicated the South Gate City Hall, at A translation of the indicated review ideas, as well as how he and his own officers Post and Victoria. follows as part of my remarks: are involved in this program. January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 713 Explorer Post 501, specializing in Law En­ FACTS CONCERNING AMNESTY FOR America, with its free speech and democratic forcement is now a reality. The following DRAFT DODGERS system, there were ways to correct bad laws young adults attended the first meeting and and bad policies without breaking the law, voted to fully organize this on-going pro­ and that both duty and honor compelled gram: Baldwin Roberts, Pamela Scidmore, HON. 0. C. FISHER them to serve if called. Amnesty would indi­ Brad Shoemaker, Gerald Lange, Don Miller, cate to them-those who survived, anyway­ Bill Olson, Dan Jones, Rich Neuenschwander, OF TEXAS that they need not have risked their lives, William Olmsted, Don McNamer, Barry Lange IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that there was nothing dishonorable about and Randy Crans. Tuesday, January 9, 1973 deserting or evading the draft, that they The group is open to any youth 15-20 years should feel free to ignore the policies of their of age. Those interested are asked to attend Mr. FISHER. Mrs. Speaker, the issue country. In addition to its effect on them, the Dec. 28 meeting. concerning amnesty for draft dodgers what kind of precedent would amnesty set and deserters may be projected again. for those future generations that might be The American people have made it clear called upon for similar sacrifices. Third, and I inject this into the discussion they want no part of amnesty for those only because those advocating amnesty seem THE RIGHT TO TRAVEL who chose other lands instead of serv­ to think it a major consideration, there re­ ing their own country. main many in this country who do not con­ As evidence of public opinion on this sider the war immoral or indefensible, and I HON. BELLA S. ABZUG subject, in response to a question-"Do think this includes many who would like to OF NEW YORK you favor amnesty for draft dodgers?" see the U.S. withdraw from Vietnam post­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES submitted to every registered voter in my haste. One can reach that conclusion-the district, 9.1 percent registered approval conclusion that Vietnam is not worth the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 sacrifices of blood and treasure-and still and 88.7 percent gave a negative answer. believe that our motives there were moral; Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, I rise to Under leave to extend my remarks, I that the South Vietnamese would be better take note of what I deem a most unfor­ include an excellent statement on am­ off if the Communists lost than if they won; tunate use of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. nesty by Wayne J. Thorburn, executive that America. has not made atrocities a pol­ Recently, the senior Senator from Mis­ director of Young Americans for Free­ icy, while the other side frequently has; that sissippi inserted into the RECORD a list dom, presented to the Democratic Na­ our position in the world will be weakened, of Americans who had allegedly traveled tional Convention Platform Committee as John Kennedy was aware, by Communist to Cuba to cut sugar cane and to meet domination of Indochina. In sum, to say that last June. It fallows: most Americans now believe that Vietnam the Cuban people. This list was broken STATEMENT BY WAYNE J. THORBURN was a mistake is not to say that they accept down by States, and included the names The membership of Young Americans for the reasons offered by deserters and draft and addresses of the individuals said to Freedom includes many veterans of the Viet­ dodgers as to why it was a mistake, or want have taken this trip. nam War. While YAF has not taken an offi­ those deserters and draft dodgers to be for­ We are all living together on this cial position on amnesty for deserters and given. earth-Americans, Cubans, Russians, draft dodgers, I believe that the following Finally, the argument is made that am­ Chinese, French, Indian, Congolese, statement accurately reflects the sentiments nesty was granted after some previous wars. of those veterans and most of our mem­ We would note, first, that the Civil War was women, men, young and old. People from bers: We would not favor amnesty. just that, a civil war, unique and not to be different nations, different political and The reasons for our position are several. compared with Vietnam. We would note, sec­ economic systems, and different walks of First and most important, to permit am­ ond, that in neither World War I or World life should take every opportunity to meet nesty is, in effect, to say, "If you think a law War II was the question one of forgiving and to try to bridge the gaps that sepa­ is immoral, break it, because you may very thousands of men who of their own volition rate them from one another. I have sup­ well find that society changes its mind, for­ fled their country. We would note, third, that ported the efforts of our Government to gives you and does not punish you." More President Truman had an elaborate mecha­ open lines of communication with the simply it says, "You were completely right to nism to decide amnesty on the basis of indi­ disobey the law." vidual cases. We would note, fourth, the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of As conservatives, we in YAF believe in question is not whether it was done in the China, and I also support those who are individual freedom, yet we are also aware past but, whether it should have been done seeking to open lines of communication that the concept of government becomes then or now. with Cuba. meaningless if individuals are free to pick In conclusion, for a variety of reasons, but We are very proud of our democracy and choose those laws they wlll obey and primarily because for a democratic govern­ and often boast that it is the best polit­ those they will disobey. While those who have ment to be viable its citizens cannot pick ical system around. If we are really decided that the Vietnam War is totally im­ and choose what laws they will obey and moral and indefensible may brush this argu­ what laws they will ignore, most of us in sure of that, we should allow our citizens ment aside. I suggest they ask themselves if Young Americans for Freedom oppose to travel to all the countries of the world they would so readily forgive a white racist amnesty. without fear that they will scmehow be who follows his conscience and blows up a tainted by the experience. black church, or on a more mundane level, Senator EASTLAND'S insertion into tee excuse those whose consciences told them a RECORD constitutes a deliberate attempt given government program was immoral and WILLIAMSPORT MAN RISKS LIFE TO to punish these individuals for their in­ therefore refused to pay the taxes to support SAVE DROWNING WOMAN it (in which case we as conservatives would terest in visiting a country with an eco­ be paying very few taxes indeed.) To permit nomic system different from ours. It this is to permit a. government of whim, not seeks to chill their exercise of their right law. HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON to travel and their desire to learn about What I am suggesting then, 116 not that am­ OF MARYLAND other countries of our world. nesty is right or wrong depending on whether IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Vietnam War is right or wrong, but that I am one American who believes in the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 ultimate wisdom of the people, and I be­ -it ls wrong because it makes a mockery of lieve that the people must have free the concept of law and government. It is one Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, occasionally thing to disobey a law because one feels it is an example of heroism comes to light access to knowledge about the state of immoral, but it is quite another to expect the world, not only as spoon fed to them the society thait made the law not to punish that shows a deep concern for human by the public relations offices of the one for that disobedience. Henry David life and involves actions of great resolu­ White House, the Department of State, Thoreau and Martin Luther King expected to tion and strength. Recently in Williams­ and the Department of Defense, but also go to jail when they violated the law; their port, Md., John W. Martin rescued a through firsthand access and observa­ concept of civil disobedience was not that woman who had jumped from a bridge tion. of those who request amnesty, nor could it into the Potomac River. I would like to be if we are to have a society of order rather commend him for his courage and his I regret this attack on the group who than anarchy. visited Cuba and hope that it will not Second, one must consider the effect of concern for human life. deter other Americans from making amnesty on the more than two million men The fallowing article from the Hagers­ their own :firsthand observations of our who obeyed the law and served in Vietnam. town Daily Mail by Tom Ferraro gives neighbor nation and other nations all I believe that all but a very vocal, and very the dramatic story of this successful res­ over the world. small minority of these men felt that in cue: CXIX--46-Part 1 714 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 MAN RESCUES WOMAN FROM RIVER RESIGNATION OF ROBERT M. BALL of their constituents' problems sets a high (By Tom Ferraro) standard not only for his successor but for John W. Martin strolled by the Potomac other agencies of the Executive Branch. River bridge at Williamsport early Wednes­ It w111 be essential in the coming months HON. CLARENCE D. LONG and years to have a man a.t the helm of the day afternoon on his way to help his uncle OF MARYLAND repair a. car. Social Security Administration with the His walk was interrupted, however. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wisdom, experience and expertise of Robert stopped to save the life of a woman who Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Ball. He has given thirty very productive apparently tried to commit suicide by jump­ years to his country in the Federal civil serv­ ing from the span. Mr. LONG of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, ice, but I am sure you join me in the hope "I saw this red flash plunge off the bridge the President has accepted the resigna­ that he will continue to use his experience and in.to the water ... I could hear it smack," tion of Robert M. Ball from his post as in the pension and social welfare field to the he recalls. advantage of us an. He is one of the talented Commissioner of Social Security. Mr. people who are a scarce national resource; I "I thought, 'my God, did someone jump Ball has spent 30 years in the service of off?'" wish you well in finding as capable and tal­ Martin, 26, ran onto the bridge, some 100 our Federal Government. ented a man to succeed him. feet above the cold, fast water, and spotted He earned his baccalaureate degree in Warm regards, the 52-year-old woman below. 1935 and his master of arts in 1936, both CLARENCE D. LoNG. "I saw her arms flash up twice. She bobbed in economics, from Wesleyan University up and down in the water . . . and then in Connecticut. In 1939, Mr. Ball joined went under." the old Social Security Board as a field The rural Williamsport man raced to the representative. By 1953, he had advanced MASON ELECTED ASSOCIATION river bank, pulling his shirt and boots off to the position of Deputy Director, Bu­ PRESIDENT on the way. "I just started swimming. The only thing reau of Old Age and Survivors' Insur­ I thought about was saving her Ufe. She ance. HON. LES ASPIN must need help." When the Social Security Administra­ The current was strong, but Martin, an tion was created in 1962, Bob Ball became OF WISCONSIN able swimmer, churned through the water. its first Commissioner. He has served in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Finally, after battling the cold and current his present position for almost 11 years. Tuesday, January 9, 1973 for a.bout 10 minutes, he reached her. I wrote President Nixon to let him "She was ·mumbling. She seemed terrified," know of my deep regret that he had ac­ Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, a constituent he says. cepted the Commissioner's resignation. I of mine, David J. Mason was recently He grabbed her and started for the shore. would like to share my letter with you, as elected president of the Greater Beloit They quickly began drifting downstream Association of Commerce. Mr. Mason has toward the waterfall located about 300 feet I feel it expresses the admiration of many away. of us for the outstanding job Mr. Ball been active in civic and community af­ "I saw out of the corner of my eye the tall has done as Commissioner: fairs for many years and I congratulate trees that told me we were getting near the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, him on his recent election. I am sure he falls. I recalled from my childhood that many Washington, D.O., January 9, 1973. will be a great contributor to this or­ people died from it." Hon. RICHARD M. NIXON, ganization. I am happy to brin·g to the Martin's wind grew short. His back ached. The White House, attention of my colleagues an article His arms and legs seemed like dead weight. Washington, D .O. which details Mr. Mason's accomplish­ "I thought I was going to die," he says, DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I have learned with ments: recalling the event in a quiet voice. "I didn't great regret that you are accepting the resig­ MASON ELECTED ASSOCIATION OF COMMERCE think we were both going to make it. I was nation of Robert M. Ball, Commissioner of PRESIDENT Social Security for almost 11 years, effec­ scared. Real scared. David J. Mason is the 1973 president of the "I decided to leave her and save my own tive upon the naming of his successor. During the 11 years Commissioner Ball has Greater Beloit Association of Commerce. life. But then I changed my mind. I couldn't headed up the Social Security Administra­ Mason, a Beloit native, is assistant to the let her die." tion, its workload has grown remarkably. The president and secretary of Beloit College and The woman didn't struggle. She only mum­ workforce of 33,000 in 1962 is now at 52,000. has been active in civic affairs of the com­ bled and cried. Checks went to 18.l million people in 1962; munity. Martin pushed, pulled and shoved her 140- they now go to 24.8 m11lion individuals each He is one of the few educators ever to serve pound frame toward shore. Despite the cur­ month. Those checks totalled $1.2 b11lion as president of the GBAC. rent, he was beginning to make progress. each month in 1962; today $3.9 billion is Directors of the association chose Mason paid out each month ·under Commissioner to succeed Donald P. Goiffon as president After 20 minutes of struggling, he saw the during their annual meeting Friday at bank only 20 feet away. Breathless, he tried Ball's supervision. The physical expansion of Social Security Headquarters in Baltimore Rocco's Supper Club. to stand, but the water was too deep. Goiffon, district manager of the Wisconsin He kept on, finally pushing the woman echoes the expansion of the Social Security program, to encompass such major new de­ Power & Light Co., will :::-emain active in asso­ within an arm's length of land. ciation leadership as immediate past presi­ velopments as Medicare and such ongoing dent. Two men who had witnessed much of the programs as disab111ty insurance and Spe­ rescue yanked both ashore. cial Age 72 payments for the elderly who did Officers serving with Mason, who comprised "They had her up first . . . and then me. not have the opportunity to gain Social se­ the Association's executive committee, are I fell to the ground. I couldn't walk and Joseph DeNucci, general manager of Univer­ curity coverage, to name just a few. sal Foods, president-elect; Richard Reul, could hardly move. All of a sudden I realized Throughout his tenure, Commissioner Ball general manager of the Beloit exchange of the how cold the water must have been. My arms, has kept the operation of the Social Secu­ Wisconsin Telephone Company, vice presi­ hands and toes began stinging." rity Administl'b.tion at an admirably high dent; James Cleary, Beloit State Bank vice Within moments, an ambulance arrived. level. The payments his Administration president, treasurer; Larry Raymer, secretary Martin and the woman were rushed to Wash­ makes and the cases it adjudicates touch the lives of every citizen who has an older - and executive vice president, and Goiffon. ington County Hospital. or disabled relative. The Commissioner's per­ MEETING JANUARY 18 On the way, the woman leaned over and sonal contribution to the high calibre of this The new officers wm be introduced at the said to Martin, "Why didn't you let me die?" service has been marked by the Rockefeller association's annual membership dinner Martin didn't reply. He said he thought, Public Service Awa.rd and the praises of the Jan. 18 at the Plantation Motor Inn. Tickets "She must need help. She must need mental National Civil Service League, which have for the 7 p.m. event are on sale, and a turn­ attention. I hope she's cured so some day, commended him not only for his acknowl­ out of upwards of 450 is expected. perhaps, she'll want to live again." edged expertise in the pension and social Seated as new directors following their Martin and the woman were treated at the welfare field but for his administrative election by the Association membership in a hospital for cold and shock. Martin was re­ prowess. rp.ail vote are Carl Lund, executive vice presi­ leased in good condition. The woman was In addition, the Commissioner has earned dent of Kantor Pepsi-Cola Bottling Com­ the respect and admiration of those Members pany; Everett Haskell, president of the Has­ also reported in good condition and then of Congress who have worked with him kell Agency; Richard Oster, an administrator transferred to a state hospital in Baltimore. through the past two decades in writing the with Blackhawk Tech, and Harold Tower, Police said the woman was released from significant legislation of our Social Security treasurer of Beloit Corporation. the hospital hours before her attempted sui­ program. His readiness to a.id Members of Retiring directors a.re William Schmitz, cide. They said she had been sent there after Congress and the Senate in their understand­ president of Freeman Shoe Company; Tom an earlier suicide attempt. ing of these programs and in the resolution Burke, Beloit Corporation executive; Attor- January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 715 ney Leo H. Hansen, and Dr. Edward Jones. commemorate the contributions which which the Poor Richard Club has made in Each has served twO' terms of two years. Benjamin Franklin made to this country. the field of communications and commu­ Named to the board as ex-officio members The members of the Poor Richard Club, nity service throughout all of these years.. are H. Herbert Holt, Beloit city manager; which is the oldest and most widely rec­ This club merits recognition for its ini­ Gary Pierce, Mayor of South Beloit; Arthur tial sponsorship of the Franklin Insti­ Kind, chairman of the Town of Beloit; Chris­ ognized organization of men and women tie Thomson, president of the Women's Divi­ in the communications arts and indus­ tute, the formation of. the better busi­ sion of the GBAC, and Richard Konicek, ex­ try-joined by a representative of the ness bureau, and their work in the pres­ ecutive director of the Greater Beloit Eco­ President of the United States, the Gov­ ervation of the historic shrines in Phila­ nomic Development Corporation. ernor of Pennsylvania, the mayor of delphia including their contribution to DIRECTORS LISTED Philadelphia, and a number of the his­ Christ Church. Holdover directors, comprising the remain­ toric and learned societies of Philadel­ der of the GBAC board, include Ted Steven­ phia will visit Benjamin Franklin's grave, son, Fairbanks Morse vice president; Mary Christ Church, the memorial to Benjamin Divine Leindorf, president of First Savings Franklin at the site of the first fire sta­ ABOLITION OF THE ELECTORAL and Loan in South Beloit: W. Richard Ger­ tion in Philadelphia, Independence Hall, COLLEGE hard, CPA; Virgil Waelti, Beloit Memorial -and the Franklin Institute-carrying out Hospital administrator; Carl Yagla of Yagla's Camera and Television; Bill Bryden, chair­ a program of historic tribute to this great man of Bryden Motors, Inc.; Bob Cox of A. B. statesman. HON. CHARLES A. VANIK Cox & Son, and Paul Anderson of Anderson's On the evening of January 17 the OF OHIO Jewelry. Poor Richard Club will hold its 67th an­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Gordy Wermager, manager of Weise's de­ nual banquet at the Bellevue-Stratford Tuesday, January 9, 1973 partment store; Dr. H. Daniel Green, Victor Hotel in Philadelphia at which time they Emilson, an account executive with The Be­ will present their Gold Medal of Achieve­ Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, once again, loit State Bank; Bill Storm. president of the ment to a truly distinguished citizen of as Members of Congress, we were con­ Jaycees, and Jack Brusberg, president of the Philadelphia. fronted last Saturday with the archaic DownTown Council and of Brusberg's Fur­ task of supervising the vote of the elec­ niture. This award is one of the prize awards During the last year, Mason was vice pres­ of many years in the field of communi­ toral college. The narrow margin of vic­ ident of the GBAC and cochairman of the cations and communications media tory in the presidential election of 1968 association's legislative committee. He has throughout the United States. Previous provided clear insights into the weak­ been active over the years in many other recipients include President Richard M. nesses of our system of presidential elec­ community service programs and civic and Nixon; Generals Dwight D. Eisenhower, tors. The time appeared ripe for electoral cultural organizations, including service as Douglas MacArthur, Henry M. "Hap" reform. A proposal which would have an officer or director of the American Red Arnold, and a number of figures in the done away with the system of electors Cross, Beloit Area Council of Churches, altogether, passed the House in 1970 but American Cancer Society, Beloit Festival, Inc., industrial world, including Henry Ford, the Downtown Gallery, Beloit PTA Council, Clare Booth Luce, John Knight-exec­ died in the Senate. Boy Scouts of America, and Beloit's All­ utive editor of the Knight newspapers­ The need for change has only grown America City committee. A former secretary Gen. David Sarnoff and his son, Robert; more real with the passage of time. We of the Calvary Lutheran Church, he presently Walt Disney, and Bob Hope. must look not only toward the abolition is secretary-treasurer of the Beloit Coopera­ This year's recipient is Mr. John T. of the electoral college, but also to the tive Ministry. Gurash, chairman of the board and pres­ streamlining of the procedures of choos­ Prior to being named to his present posi­ ing candidates through the establish­ tion at Beloit College, Mason was the school's ident of the INA Corp. director of public relations and a member of Mr. Gurash's responsibilities, apart ment of a national primary. the English department faculty. He formerly from INA, call for his efforts as director The inequities of the electoral process was a member of the editorial staff of the or trustee of the Compagnie Financiere are perhaps the most serious shortcom­ Beloit Daily News. In addition to holding the de Suez, the Adela Investment Co. S.A., ing that the American Constitution-one B.A. degree from Beloit College, he has a of the world's finest political docu­ master's degree from Columbia University. the Girard Co. of Philadelphia Savings Fund Society, the Thomas Jefferson Uni­ ments-contains. The provision for the He is a member of the American College electoral college is contrary to the spirit Public Relations Association, Phi Beta Kap­ versity Hospital, the national council of pa, and the Sigma Chi fraternity. During Pomona College, the Citizens Conference and the letter of the heart of democ­ World War II, he was twice wounded in ac­ on State Legislatures. racy-the principle of one man, one tion while serving with the infantry in Philadelphia benefits from his service vote. Europe. with the crime commission of Philadel­ The Constitution presently provides Mason and his wife, Gloria, live at 2110 W. phia, the Philadelphia Orchestra Asso­ that each State, "shall appoint-a num­ Collingswood Drive. They have two children, ciation, the Greater Philadelphia Move­ ber of electors equal to the whole num­ Holly, 17 and Keith, 14. His pa.rents are Mr. ber of Senators and Representatives to and Mrs. R. V. Mason, 1152 Eaton Ave. ment, the World Affairs Council, the Navy League. which the State may be entitled in the His leadership of the distinguished Congress." This scheme can only distort civic group which studies and reported the integrity of the electoral process. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN the financial needs of schools in the For example, in my own State of Ohio, Philadelphia Archdiocese in 1927 has 10 million citizens control 26 electoral votes. But if you add up similar totals been nationally recognized as the most for the 16 least populous States, you find HON. JOSHUA EiLBERG definite study of the relationship between that their aggregate of 10 million people OF PENNSYLVANIA private elementary and secondary control the votes of 58 presidential elec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES schools and their contribution to the community. tors. In essence, one citizen's vote can Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Mr. Gurash has been previously hon­ weigh twice as much in a national elec­ Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, on ored with the Gold Medal of the Nether­ tion as another citizen's vote. Wednesday, January 17, 1973, our fellow The cumbersome electoral college can lands Society, the American Jewish Com­ lead to other more nightmarish happen­ citizens will observe the 267th anniver­ mittee, and an honorary degree by Vil­ sary of the birth of Benjamin Franklin, ings. In 1968 a largely sectional third lanova University. party candidate came within a hare's the first major diplomat and member of He merits, deservedly and richly, to a foreign service of our country, our first breadth of collecting enough electoral Postmaster General, founder of hospitals take his place among the illustrious re­ votes to stalemate the election of a can­ and universities in Philadelphia, and cipients of the Gold Medal of the Poor didate from one of the two major parties. truly a citizen of the world. Richard Club. The system of presidential electors en­ Again, on this date, the Poor Richard I believe, Mr. Speaker, it is fitting for ables such third party candidates to ex­ Club of Philadelphia will conduct its an­ us to recognize both the contributions of ercise political power-to make political nual Franklin Pilgrimage to the historic Mr. Gurash to this country and, at the deals-without any relation to the shrines of colonial Philadelphia which same time, the tremendous contributions strength of their popular appeal. 716 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 I expect to reintroduce and support a The establishment of a more rational nurtured him: charity, thrift and perse­ Constitutional amendment to dispose of democratic process is an important step verance. the present barnacle blocking popular in that direction. Blll Fremd received high praise when he decided to retire. The U.S. Commissioner of elections. Besides providing for the di­ Education congratulated him for his "stead­ rect election of President and Vice Pres­ fast service to the schools and youth of ident, the proposed amendment would re­ Palatine." Honors were given him by the quire the winning slate to total at least GOODBY, BILL FREMD Imnois General Assembly. 40 percent of the total votes cast. If this In all, he remained much the same person result did not occur, a runoff election who came to a school board meeting in 1928 between the candidates having the high­ and found himself elected to the board. He est number of votes would be held. HON. PHILIP M. CRANE stayed on that elementary district board OF ll.LINOIS until 1946 and was instrumental in the con­ The elimination of the electoral col­ solidation of several rural districts into what lege will not only remove the complica­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is now Dist. 15. His service on the High tions that exist between the day of the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 School Dist. 211 board often coincided with popular election and the day the Presi­ his other board work. dent is legally elected, but maverick Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, residents of He was a remarkable man with great depth third parties will be prevented from ex­ Palatine and Schaumburg townships and love for the schools he built. ercising power out of keepil'.lg with their in the 12th Congressional District of We have a.11 lost something with his pass­ actual popular appeal. Illinois were saddened recently by the ing. In addition, the shift to the popular death of William Fremd, for years a election of President and Vice President dedicated servant of elementary and sec­ ondary school students. FRANK STARR'S OPEN LETTER will act to revitalize the two-party sys­ TO RALPH NADER tem. No longer will one-party strongholds Mr. Fremd spent 44 of his 70 years on be an important determinant of national school boards in the area, giving his office. There will be, instead, a strong time in a salary-less, often thankless, HON. ROBERT McCLORY stimulus to broader voter participation position for the good of the students. OF n.LINOIS He was a farmer who watched his once in the electoral system, in all regions of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the country. rural countryside blossom into one of But doing away with the cumbersome the fastest growing suburban areas of Tuesday, January 9, 1973 electoral college is only a necessary first the Nation. Yet as the area changed, he Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, the ob­ step. Our present system of protracted maintained his values and the result was vious efforts of Ralph Nader to endeavor State primaries has long since failed to a sound education for thousands of stu­ to find scapegoats among American serve any constructive end. The events dents. manufacturers is indicated nowhere of this past year provide dramatic evi­ An editorial in the Herald, a newspaper more prominently than in his continuing dence of the corrosive impact of a series published in my district, accurately re­ attacks against the automobile industry. of degrading State primaries. Twenty­ flects the loss to the area of William The increased number of consumers-­ two months of presidential politics con­ Fremd. I would like to extend my dncluding particularly purchasers of sumed ideas, money, and the patience of sympathies to his family and friends and new automobiles--are becoming disillu­ every American. By November, the elec­ share the editorial with my colleagues: sioned by the expensive, mischievous, and torate was weary. Pollsters had taught us [From the Herald (Ill.), Dec. 29, 1972] sometimes dangerous safety gadgets that what to think, how to react, and which GOODBY, Bn.L FREMD are being loaded on to consumers. I have way to vote. There's been too much passing away lately, yet to hear Nader take on the careless, The establishment of a national pri­ there's been too much loss and too much sad­ reckless or drunken driver or the dope mary would eliminate the piecemeal ness. There's been too many good-byes and addicts or alcoholics who contribute to process by which the parties choose their too many ended journeys. the vast majority of the accidents on our Harry Truman died this week and his pass­ candidates for national office. National ing signaled the worldwide eulogies to highways. debate on issues would be elevated. which this former President was entitled. The chief of the Washington Bureau I am introducing today a constitu­ But preceding Mr. Truman in death was of the Chicago Tribune, Frank Starr has tional amendment that will not only another gentleman of firm and honest repu­ presented a convincing and illuminating eliminate the electoral college but would tation whose accolades will not be as far expose of Ralph Nader's dangerous line also replace our present primary system reaching but whose passing will . be just as in an open letter which appeared in the with a national primary. deeply felt in the Northwest suburbs. Chicago Tribune for Monday, December Dead at age 70 is Wlllia.o Fremd, a man 18, 1972. With a nationwide primary election who devoted virtually all his life to helping held on the third Tuesday in August all the chtldren of Palatine and Schaumburg I am attaching Frank Starr's letter party candidates for national office could Townships obtain a bette:i." education. for the edification of my colleagues and demonstrate the strength of their can­ W1lliam Fremd served a total of 44 years the American public. didacies on equal footing. Additionally, on elementary and secondary school boards. OPEN LETTER TO RALPH NADER the selection at the same time of dele­ He became a board member in Palatine (By Frank Starr) gates to the party conventions will do Township when there were only a half dozen schools serving mostly farm fam111es in the DEAR MR. NADER: I'm writing not just to away with the fragmented selection area. wish you Merry Christmas-tho I certainly processes that now exist in each State. Now, the educational systems in Palatine do--but because you are known as a con­ The task of conducting and regulating are regarded as some of the best in the sumer advocate, a defender of the rights of the primary election shall fall to the consumers. state, including a high school named after Being a consumer [who isn't?], it seems States, subject to the overview of Con­ Fremd, the friend of the chtldren. to me some of my rights are being infringed, gress. Party conventions would follow on Like many of his generation, Wllliam particularly concerning the automobile, one the first Tuesday after Labor Day. This Fremd saw this area blossom from farmland area of your particular expertise. And the will establish a clearly defined political to suburbs. He kept pace with these changes damage is being done in the name of us con­ over the years and contributed his deep sumers. season of 7 weeks in which the presi­ understanding of this area to the better­ dential candidates of each party would ment of the school systems he served. The automobile is a principal means of present their positions to the electorate. transportation. We spend a disproportionate Although he was termed an educator in amount of our waking hours in them and a With such a time schedule the people later years, Mr. Fremd did not possess the disproportionate amount of our net earn­ will come to demand a coherent presen­ degrees accredited educators bestow on each ings on them. tation of the issues and a more respon­ other to convince the outside world of their sibly conducted campaign. expertise. Instead, Wllliam Fremd continued TOO MUCH TO ASK? to run a fa:.:m until as late as 1963 when he It is not too much to ask, therefore, that Cynicism has dampened the spirit of retired from the soil which had been his they be made as pleasant, safe, and efficient this country at a time when vitality in home. as possible. Partially at your behest a series Government was never more needed. To Fremd's worth to the Northwest suburbs of federal regulations has been enacted, and restore confidence in the politics of this could not be measured in degrees on the more are promised, that seem designed to country-its institutions and its leader­ wall, anyway. He was a simple man with achieve the opposite. ship-is our ultimate responsibility. logical and rock harc.i principles. His values The net effect of these regulations has There can be no more important task. were those of the rural community which been to make the 1973 models less attrac- January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 717 tlve, more heavy, less powerful, more ex­ the Middle East was fairly quiet during STRATEGIC AND POLITICAL INTERESTS pensive, and less etficient. 1972, I think it is correct to assume that Our strategic interests in the Middle East In what might appear to be a response during 1973 the United States will have include: to an insurance company's propaganda cam­ to focus more attention on two problem 1. The maintenance of the right of access paign to lower its actuarial costs by convinc­ to the area, its international waterways, and ing the public that rebounding bumpers are areas of American policy in this re­ air routes. good, the auto companies have been forced gion-the continuing no war-no peace 2. The maintenance of a viable military to hang on the front of the 1973 models a• stalemate of the Arab-Israeli conflict and presence in case that access ls threatened. heavy and expensive device designed to re­ our policies toward the Persian Gulf This presence need not be permanent. At sist a crash into a solid wall barrier at area. I would like to bring to the atten­ present, the United States sells or gives 5 m.p.h. tion of my colleagues a few remarks on substantial military aid to Israel, Jordan, I am not persuaded that such a hypo­ U.S. Middle East policy which I made Turkey, Iran and Saudi Arabia. In addition, thetical crash is likely to occur or that, 1:f we maintain communications facilities in it did, it would damage more than some before the Southern Council on Interna­ Iran and Ethiopia and have naval units un­ chrome doodles. Neither am I persuaded that, tional and Public Affairs in Atlanta on equal in size stationed on either side of the if I had a crash endangering life or limb, November 10, 1972 and which focused Middle East; a small unit called MIDEAST the bumper would reduce the danger. on these two areas of concern. FOR stationed at Bahrayn Island in the In the name of air cleanliness-about My remarks follow: Persian Gulf and the Sixth Fleet in the which I am no less concerned than you­ PERsPECTIVES ON U.S. INTERESTS AND POLICIES Mediterranean. makeshift methods have been devised which IN THE MIDDLE EAST TODAY Our political interests in the Middle East sharply reduce the power of my engine, make include: the engine more complicated, and sharply By intent or by practice, United States 1. The social and political development of increase the fuel consumption-and that in policy in the Middle East can best be un­ the entire area and all its people. We ignore a time of energy crisis. derstood not as a comprehensive policy or the 100 million people of the Middle East There are nearly no manufacturers--only strategy but as several interests which it and North Africa at our own peril: Their a European maker comes immediately to strives to promote and protect by a variety well-being is in our interest and in the in­ mind-who have met pollution standards of methods. The dilemma of ·the policy is terest of peace and stability throughout the without drastically cutting power in the that steps taken to promote one interest do region. process. not necessarily advance another interest. The 2. Reducing Arab dependence on the Soviet While engine power is being reduced, overall success of the United States policies Union. While there is much disagreement weight is also being added by building steel in the Middle East, then, depends on our over the means of carrying out this interest, beams into the doors, again making the au­ ability to carry out several policies somewhat there is no challenge to the validity of the tomobile less responsive and more expensive. independent of each other, and on different objective. One day soon, I am to be burdened with track&; United States Middle East policy In this discussion, an important distinc­ the greatest nightmare of all, an air bag that tends to fail when several tracks become so tion should be drawn between the need for will instantaneously immobilize me on per­ interrelated that the lack of success in one the United States and the Soviet Union to ceived contact with unintended objects and area affects all policies. recognize each others' legitimate interests in which, if an accident hasn't occurred, will Today, for example, the no war-no peace the Middle East and our interest in denying surely cause one. stalemate of the Arab-Israeli con:flict affects the Soviet Union dominance in the area. On Friday I learned that Douglas Toms, all our interests and policies in the area. 3. A commitment to the continued exist­ the greatest advocate of this device as head Our support of Israel on one track does not ence of Israel within secure borders. While of the National Highway Traffic Safety Ad­ necessarily promote our interests in certain· we may have disagreement with Israel over ministration, has resigned, tho he once prom­ Arab countries such as Egypt, Jordan and what constitutes secure borders, we have no ised to stay until the air bag was wrapped Lebanon and the development of our ties disagreement with Israel over the goal of up. And you, Mr. Nader, have criticized Mr. with these states on a second track is not peace and defined and recognized boundaries. Toms for not being vocal enough in criti­ necessarily compatible with the promotion of our relations with Israel under present cir­ ECONOMIC INTERESTS cism of carmakers' progress toward such de­ Our economic interests in the Middle East vices. cumstances. The third track of our current policy, involving our relations with the oil are signtficant today, and they could be­ Not wishing to offer unconstructive criti­ come vital in the next decade. These in­ cism, may I suggest that the area of tratfic rich states around the Persian Gulf, is not totally separate from or unaffected by the terests-freedom of trade, access to Middle safety that needs more attention is the hap­ East oil and freedom of oil transport-are hazard and reckless licensing of unqualified other two tracks and the present stalemate. This multi-track characterization of U.S. prime economic considerations for the Unit­ drivers. ed States. A member of my family recently passed policy in the Middle East has not always the test in Washington, D.C., on first appli­ been applicable. From the very vague, anti­ At present, American trade and invest­ cation after completing a drivers' school communist policy of the Truman Doctrine, ment in the Middle East and North Africa training course, only to discover that she which was designed to shore up the govern­ produce a net annual inflow of almost $2 ments of Turkey, Iran and Greece after billion into the United States-no small con­ literally had not yet learned how to control tribution at a time when the United States her vehicle. She was, by her own admission, World War II, the United States tried to de­ a licensed road hazard. velop a comprehensive Middle East defense balance of payments deficit is greater than treaty organization in the 1950s. When such at any time since World War II. Oil is re­ A LICENSING PROPOSAL umbrella policies as the Baghdad Pact or sponsible for much of this inflow, and Amer­ Serious students of the problem have pro­ Eisenhower Doctrine proved unable to pro­ ican oil companies have invested over $4 posed far stiffer driver licensing require­ tect our interests or promote our policies, billion in Middle East and North African oil ments which would test, in practice, each the United Sta.tes sought in the 1960s to ventures. driver's capacity to meet and overcome un­ develop specific policies of protecting and While given less publicity, the United expectied dangers such as sudden skidding helping friendly governments and particular States trade surplus in the Middle East and on a wet curve. interests. Turkey and Greece aside, these North Africa is, nonetheless, significant. In According to gradations of proven skill, policies have increasingly concentrated on 1970, for example, this trade surplus was drivers with different classes of licenses relations with five countries: Israel, Iran, about $1.4 billion. The importance of this would be allowed to drive only under differ­ Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Lebanon and figure ls apparent when it is compared to ent and appropriately determined restric­ probably in that order. the worldwide U.S. trade surplus of $2.69 tions and would be required to display their Although a cynic might argue that this billion. American products, technology and classes on their vehicles. policy only reflects increasing distrust of the machinery continue to be popular through­ I for one would feel far safer with a re­ United States, more fundamentally, our out this vast area. duced probability of accidents than with one policy is related to our interests and specific Since only about five percent of U.S. of Mr. Toms' tanks. And driving might be a concerns with particular issues. petroleum consumption needs come from good thing again. U.S. INTERESTS the Middle East, the present economic im­ portance of Middle East oil for the United Two interests of the United States in the States could be seen largely in terms of its Middle East are paramount: contribution to our balance of payments, but First, we do not want to see local conflicts U.S. INTERESTS AND POLICIES IN that would be an error. and rivalries develop into major wars, per­ Though our need for Middle. East oil and THE MIDDLE EAST haps involving the great powers: natural gas wm never equal Japan and West­ Second, we do not want any outside power ern Europe's dependence on it for over three­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON to dominate the region. These two interests fourths of their fuel needs, government and underlie our concern over Soviet intentions private estimates indicate that by 1980 the OF INDIANA in the area. United States may have to obtain over 35 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Peace and stab111ty are our overriding ob­ percent of its projected oil needs from the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 jectives in the Middle East but several other Middle East, almost all of it coming from significant interests combine to place this the Persian Gulf. The figures are staggering. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, al­ region high on any agenda of foreign policy The non-communist world currently con­ though many observers have argued that priorities. sumes a.bout 40 million barrels of oil a day; 718 EXTENSIONS OF REMARK_S January 9, 1973 the United States consumes about 18 mil­ We helped negotiate UN Resolution 242 in velopments have been emerging in the last lion barrels of that. November 1967 which has provided a frame­ year or so. In 1980, it is estimated that the non­ work for peace. 1. Jordan is more stable and stronger. Its Communist world will consume between 80 In 1970 and 1971 Secretary of State William military victory over the guerrillas and its and 100 million barrels and the United States Rogers and Assistant Secretary Joseph Sisco increased confidence have raised the pos­ 24 of that figure. At the present rate, the were constantly talking to Israel and Egypt sib111ty of a separate Jordanian-Israeli peace. United States can get only 12 million barrels and seeking to narrow the differences be­ 2. Israel's policy of open bridges is im- from domestic sources, including Alaska. Of tween them. •proving the economic situation in the Oc­ the remaining 12 million barrels needed, For nearly two years, there has been no cupied Territories of the West Bank and about nine will have to come from the Mid­ sustained fighting and talks progressed on Gaza. Over 40,000 Arabs from these terri­ dle East, and that figure will then represent two fronts. Dr. Jarring, representing the tories now work in Israel and ea.ch day new between 35 and 40 percent of total United United Nations, was working for a total relationships are developing. States consumption needs. settlement while the United States was work­ 3. The end of the honeymoon between Without question, the economic impor­ ing for a partial settlement. Both sets of certain Arab States and the Soviet Union, tance of the Middle East for the United indirect talks focused on Egypt and Israel. especially the Soviet withdrawal from Egypt, States wm increase sharply in the near In many respects, the United States initiative can help defuse the Middle East conflict. future. was more successful. It arranged a ceasefire 4. Throughout the region, states and lead­ CULTURAL INTERESTS in August 1970 which ts still in effect along ers are looking inward toward coping with the Suez Canal despite violations. It almost the problems of economic and social devel­ The United States also has many cultural opment. While Iraq, Libya and Syria may interests throughout the Middle East: succeeded in producing proximity talks be­ Some represent a legacy of American mis­ tween Israel and Egypt a year ago. be exceptions to this rule, Jordan, Israel, sionary and philanthropic enterprises which A great opportunity for moving toward Egypt, Lebanon a.re not. have played a crucial role for decades in the some reconciliation and a limited peace These hopeful signs must, however, be preparation of Middle East elites. The Ameri­ agreement in the Middle East was lost in juxtaposed with other, disturbing signs: can Universities of Beirut and Cairo and 1971. Both the Jarring Mission and the 'U'.S. 1. Terrorism. is still part of the Middle Robert College in Istanbul are three ex­ peace initiative were stymied at critical junc­ East. Most states do, and all states should, amples. Several newer educational institu­ tures. Although everyone shares the blame, condemn acts of violence. tions in Israel, the Hadassah Hospital and perhaps no one can be blamed. Bad timing 2. King Hussein of Jordan remains a the Weizmann Institute, in particular, have may have been the reason for the missed prime target of some Palestinian guerrillas strengthened and fostered the natural ties opportunities. and even the possiblllty of his assassination between many Americans and the State of The timing of 1971 diplomatic maneuvers ls a disturbing sign. Israel. failed to synchronize with the timing of the 3. Prospect of the status quo remaining in More generally, the Middle East is recog­ parties, causing both the Jarring Mission the occupied territories for a long time could nized throughout the world as the cradle of and the U.S. peace initiative to flounder. be destabilizing. As attractive as the present civilization, the birthplace of the Judeao­ The U.S. peace initiative failed principally situation might be for Israel, it cannot go on Christian heritage and the preserver of the because the United States could not get both indefinitely. Israel, if it is to build on its Greco-Roman tradition long after the Greek Egypt and Israel to agree to proximity talks economic miracles and gain respect among and Roman civ111zations had faded into dark at the same time: When Egypt appeared residents in the West Bank and Gaza, must ages. willing to enter into such talks, Israel was eventually drop its "occupation" rule and For Jews and Christians of this country not interested and when Israel finally permit these Palestinians a greater voice in peace and open borders in the Middle Ea.st, agreed to these talks, at the end of the year, their own affairs. especially in Palestine, means access to the Egypt had lost interest. It ts possible that 4. The Soviet Union's uneven policies re­ origins of their faith, and they cannot con­ the United States did not push hard enough main. It seems to be holding on strong in ceive that the land where that faith was at the proper time, but, perhaps also, no Iraq and Syria while letting go a little in nurtured should be in a state of war. The timing was opportune. Egypt. The Soviet Union also continues to intensity of feeling in the United States for Dr. Gunnar Jarring's mission also raised play politics and blackmail with its own Jew­ Israel and other countries in the region ts peace hopes in early 1971, only to dash them. ish minority. only one manifestation of the strength of our In the eyes of some, he pushed too hard, too 5. The policies of Syria, Iraq and Libya cultural interests there. quickly. He sought in February and March tend to counter the hopeful signs mentioned of 1971 a commitment of both Israel and earlier. To persuade moderation on these ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT Egypt to fairly precise guidelines of the states will not be easy, even for Egypt. Given these important interests, United eventual agreement as ground rules for THE PERSIAN GULF States policy in the Middle East focuses on further mediating talks between the two United States efforts to deal with the other two problem areas: the quest for a solution parties. Egypt accepted these guidelines, but of the Arab-Israeli conflict and a developing major problem area in its Middle East pol­ Israel felt such parameters of a peace agree­ icy-the Persian Gulf-have probably been concern for the Persian Gulf. ment with Egypt could be worked out only The decision was made in the United in negotiations. more successful, but there remains the po­ States in June 1967 at the time of the Six tential for conflict in this newly-independent, Day War that a real peace in the Middle East WHERE DO WE STAND TODAY? vastly wealthy, potentially unstable area. was essential to preserve our interests in This two-track pollcy of the United States U.S. efforts have been successful largely be­ maintaining a position in the Arab world and in the Middle East--the policy of even­ cause we have been able to keep this fast in guaranteeing Israel's sovereignty. hanaedness toward the Arab-Israel con­ developing third policy track separate from The Arab-Israeli conflict complicated and flict-had always had bipartisan support here the Arab-Israeli conflict. How long this can jeopardized our ability to follow a two-track but i;oday it remains a tattered fiction at be done in the absence of peace is an impor­ _policy toward the Arab world and toward leaist in the eyes of most Arabs, and especi~lly tant consideration. Israel. Evenhandedness, in its essence, was in the eyes of the Egyptians. The year 1972 saw the three states-Bah­ never really that--it was an effort to main­ Arabs compare our aid or credits to Israel rayn, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates tain a two-track policy without one track over the last several years--in the billions of (U.A.E.)-join Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iraq becoming involved with the other. President dollars-with small but not inconsequential and Iran as independent entities. In the same Kennedy had been supremely successful in aid to them. Some point to the Jordanian year, Oman, long an independent state, this regard. The problem with the Arab-Is­ Government as a quisling, pro-American emerged from centuries of isolation. raeli conflict was that it put United States clique and call for the overthrow of King These eight states are, by no means, equal. policy under scrutiny and tended to force Hussein; they chide United States officials Of the some 47 million people livin~ around this two-track policy to be a one-track pol­ for their duplicity and they point to the the Persian Gulf, 30 million are in Iran and icy. This tension in our relations came at a lack of progress on talks and say the United another 10 million in Iraq. Iran's population, time in the late 1960s after the June 1967 States likes the status quo. together with its longer period of indepen­ war when the Soviet Union was pouring more But that is not so. Peace in the Middle dence, larger oil industry, stronger armed than $2 b1llion worth of military hardware East-to reiterate--is essential to the pres­ forces and long established leadership, give into Egypt. The United States responded by ervation of United States interests. While that country the abllity to play an important selling Israel the military technology and Egypt does not trust the United States, it political and m1Utary role in the Gulf area. equipment, principally aircraft, to meet this does respeot the United States and knows The most significant political fact of recent Soviet threat. that a U.S. peace initiative remains the most Gulf history has been the relative tran­ qullity which characterizes the several transi­ Today, fortunately, that Soviet threat is important vehicle for peace. If the United somewhat diminished as several thousand tions that have taken place, transitions, Soviet military advisers have le!t Egypt. But States initiative is now to be revived, and I From non-oil to oil economics, hope it Will be, we must regain the trust because peace remains elusive and so much of Egypt. From dependence on a formal British role attention focuses on our aid to Israel our to greater independence, policy appears increasingly one-track. ' HOPEFUL AND DISTURBING SIGNS And from long periods of conflict to a new The successes o! the United States in deal­ Events are occurring, in the Middle East, period of cooperation. ing with the Arab-Israeli conflict since 1967 that make no headlines but do help the The ability of the Gulf States to maintain are well known and insubstantial. peace we urgently seek. Four positive de- this present relative stability will depend on January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 719 several factors. Some of the more important THE PARTICIPATION OF THE TENA­ Mr. Speaker, the .statement on the ones are: FLY HIGH SCHOOL BAND IN THE Tenafly Band and its participants follow: A continued realization by all states of the TOURNAMENT OF ROSES PARADE STATEMENT CONCERNING THE TENAFLY HIGH necessity for cooperation among riparians; ON NEW YEAR'S DAY SCHOOL MARCHING BAND'S PARTICIPATION IN The peaceful resolution of several out­ THE TOURNAMENT OF ROSES PARADE AT THE standing disputes; ROSE BOWL IN PASADENA, CALIF. The ability to cope with social, economic The Tenafly High School Marching Band, and political development; HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI under the direction of Edward M. Stochowicz, And the prevention of the Gulf from be­ OF NEW JERSEY coming an area of great power competition or participated in the Tournament of Roses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES parade at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, Cali­ rivalry. fornia on January 1, 1973. The 161 member The United States has maintained excellent Tuesday, January 9, 1973 band was the only representative of the diplomatic and political relations with most northeast section of the United States, and countries of the Persian Gulf and Arabian Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, it was with great pride and admiration that I one of nine high school bands in the country, Peninsula. Moreover, there is throughout the to do so. area a reservoir of good will towards Ameri­ watched on television, along with mil­ Dedicated public service and outstanding cans in general. American technology and lions of other Americans, the participa­ musical achievement have marked the band's diplomatic and m11itary strength are re­ tion of the Tenafly High School March­ career. Activities leading up to the Tourna­ spected although almost all the Arab States ing Band in the Tournament of Roses ment of Roses parade include exchange trips of the Gulf take· strong exception to what parade on New Year's Day. with high school bands from Toronto and they consider to be the United States im­ Montreal, Canada; two performances at Army balanced position on the Arab-Israeli conflict. The outstanding 161-member band, under the direction of Mr. Edward M. games a,t West Point; participation in the Our low key and cautious diplomatic and Cherry Blo.ssom Festival in Washington, D.C.; political policies have met with some success. Stochowicz, was the only representative and an appearance before Vice President The area has been treated separately from of the Northeast section of the United Spiro T. Agnew at the annual convention of the rest of the Middle East and we have States-and one of nine high school the American Association of School Adminis­ emphasized the practicality of mutually bands in the country-to be so honored. trators in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Tenafly beneficial economic and political relations, I know how proud the young men and Superintendent of Schools John B. Geis­ and we have stressed the need for Persian women, along with their parents, felt in singer, then AASA president, presided at that Gulf States to cooperate with each other. This being accorded this distinction. They convention. has led the United States to seek to export In addition, the band took part in a benefit its technology to this developing area and have exhibited the highest level of musi­ concert for the New York Public Library at to urge these states to rely on the West in cal achievement that can be accom­ Bryant Park in New York City; and was host the international arena. plished with hard work, precision, loyal­ band at the twenty-fifth anniversary of the DILEMMAS FOR THE UNITED STATES ty, dedication, and team spirit. Indeed, Herald News Band Festival in Clifton, New In 1973, the United States will face many these young people, under the tireless Jersey. Band Director Edward M. Stachowicz dilemmas as it tries to pursue its essentially and excellent direction of Mr. Stochowicz, was guest conductor of the mass band finale three-track policy to deal with the two prin­ embody the ideals and ideas of our next at that festival. The band most recently com­ cipal areas of concern-the Arab-Israeli con­ generation of leaders, and certainly the peted in the Glen Ridge Interstate Marching flict and the Persian Gulf. faith we have in our youth. Band contest, a competition which included In the former area, many questions deserve After having distinguished themselves bands from New Jersey, New York and Penn­ our attention: sylvania. What role should the United States play in various concerts throughout the When, in October 1972, the Tenafly band in promoting peace and should it revive its United States and Canada, the Tenafly received an invitation to participate in the peace initiative? band was invited .to participate in the Tournament of Roses parade, the Board of What pressure can or should the United Tournament of Roses parade. Dr. Samuel Education passed a resolution in support of States apply in order to promote peace and, K. Elster, president of the board of edu­ the proposed trip and authorized the forma­ if peace results from pressure, how durable cation, along with the board members, tion Of a committee to raise funds for it. can it be? passed a resolution in support of the pro­ Superintendent of Schools John B. Gels­ What are the benefits and the drawbacks posed trip and authorized the formation singer voiced his approval, as did High School of the way we are formulating our policy Principal Daniel P. Knueppel. toward the Arab-Israeli conflict and our at­ of a committee to raise funds. Superin­ Mayor Walter M. Hartung proclaimed the tempted even-handedness or balanced policy? tendent of Schools John B. Geissinger week of November 12 to 18 as Band Week, What will happen if the present state of and High School Principal Daniel P. and an intensive community effort, involving no-war no-peace continues? Kneuppel gave their strong support, and both the Borough of Tenafly and areas With regard to the Persian Gulf, we might Mayor Walter M. Hartung proclaimed throughout the northeastern United States, be asking the following questions: be~. Contributions were received, for in­ the week of November 12-18 as Band stance, from a high school band member in What, precisely, are the U.S. interests in Week. the Persian Gulf? Pennsylvania, from a senior citizens' group How can the United States best assure its An intensive community effort began, in Sheepshead Bay, Long Island, from a future access to Persian Gulf oil and stabi11ty not only in the borough of Tenafly, but former coal miner in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in that area? throughout the Northeastern United from Fishklll, New York, Stanford, Connecti­ How w111 the relationship between interna­ States in order to raise the necessary cut, and Hendersonville, North Carolina. tional oil companies and oil exporting coun­ funds. A good deal of this outside interest was tries change in the next decade? What are The effort and contributions made by created by Rolland Smith's CBS coverage of the implications of these changes for the various people and organizations can be the band fund campaign. JAYCAP, a drug United States-? noted by the statement I will place in rehabilitation group from Jamaica., Queens, Does our support of the bigger states of the saw the initial program, and responded, can­ Gulf, particularly Iran and Saudi Arabia, en­ the RECORD following my remarks, along vassing its area for the Tenafly band. When courage those states to dominate the area with the names of the young people who JAYCAP completed its canvass, the group and is such domination in our interest? played in the Tenafly Band. came to a Tenafly High School Football game Should the United States continue to Mr. Speaker, I am most honored to and presented the funds to band representa­ maint ain its small naval force stationed on represent the borough of Tenafly in Con­ tives at half time. This moving experience, the island of Bahrayn? gress, and I know.that my colleagues join the touching of different worlds, was perhaps Can the United States pursue policies with me in congratulating the Tenafly the most exciting development of the entire which protect our interests but which also period. Band and. the many people who made Industry in the area also responded to the help keep this potentially unstable area out­ their participation in the Tournament side the arena of great power competition? band's requests. And within the community, of Roses possible. organizations, businesses and individuals co­ These questions and others form the stage These young people and their band for discussion of United States policy to­ operated fully. A Brownie troop held a. garage ward the Middle East in the next administra­ director can be looked upon as ambassa­ sale, needlepoint kits of the Tenafly Tiger tion. For different reasons, the stakes are dors of good will who have accorded their were designed and sold, taste testing sessions high in both problem areas confronting the town and the State of New Jersey a great for a consumer research firm were conducted, United States. My main hope is that with honor. They will long remember this and all monies were contributed to the band Vietnam fading somewhat from the foreign unique experience and I have no doubt fund. policy limelight, more attention can be de­ that they will strive for even higher Climaxing the campaign was a parade voted to these issues. achievements. through the center of Tenafly, led jointly by 720 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 the Mayor and Council and the Board of Neil Parker, Mr. and Mrs. Daniel, 47 Wind­ Dana Vaughn, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel, 23 Education. Following the para.de, band mem­ sor Rd. Inness Road. bers broke up into pre-arranged groups to Jeff Plum, Mr. and Mrs. Russell, Robin Richard Witzig, Mr. and Mrs. Fred, 9 West canvass the town door-to-door. In six short Lane, Alpine. Ivy Lane. weeks the money was raised. Maryanne Polk, Mr. and Mrs. Mervin, 2 llTH GRADE This could not have been accomplished Inness Rd. without the full cooperation of Mayor Walter Steven Saydah, Mr. and Mrs. Ferris, 40 Karen Albertsen, Mr. and Mrs. Torkild, M. Hartung and Council members Phillip Joyce Rd. 8 Glenwood Road. B. R. Ba.as, Jr., Robert Bucher, Stephen Daniel Segal, Mr. and Mrs. Norman, 26 Ken Birne, Mr. and Mrs. Alvin, 43 Berkeley Capkovitz, Eleanor Dendy, Joseph Phillips Cherry St. Drive. and Richard K. Van Nostrand. William Sellek, Mr. and Mrs. Davis, 76 Bob and B111 Blohm, Mr. and Mrs. Willard, The encouragement of Board of Education LeRoy St. 105 Sussex Rd. President Samuel K. Elster, Vice President Tom Silber, Mr. and Mrs. Frank, 87 Glen­ Neil Bressler, Mr. and Mrs. Sidney, 125 E. Kirby Warren and trustees Adrienne wood Rd. Sussex Rd. Berenson, Albert H. Dwyer, Dorothea. C. For­ Mark Terminello, Mr. and Mrs. Dominic, Donna Grodjesk, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 169 sythe, Arthur W. Foshay, Morton E. Kiel, 7 N. Browning Ave. Elm St. Alan G. MacDonald and Anne L. Ra.tner was Naida Wharton, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph, 68 Mal Hargrave, Mr. and Mrs. M. Bates, 41 of inestimable value. Knickerbocker Rd. Joyce Rd. Superintendent of Schools John B. Geis­ Emmy Whitlock, Mr. and Mrs. Robert, 330 Beth Hegelein, Mr. and Mrs. W1111am, 166 singer gave unstinting support, as did High Engle St. Westervelt Ave. . School Principal Daniel P. Knueppel. Debbie Wismer, Rev. and Mrs. Eli, 18 Wil­ Gunnar Hexum, Mrs. Gretha Hexum, 35 The fund raising steering committee com­ kins Place. Elm St. West Hiorth, Mrs. M. Hiorth, Dubois Ave .• posed of Mr. and Mrs. W. Gerould Clark III, lOTH GRADE Maria Davis, Bartley Eckhardt, Mr. and Mrs. Alpine. Robert Fuller, Barbara Krehely, Geraldine Carl Adamec, Mr. and Mrs. John, Litch­ Richard Jaffe, Dr. and Mrs. Ernst, 9 Krumholz, Marguerite Lindemann, John field Way, Alpine. Orchard Place. Moxham, Mr. and Mrs. E. Granger Ottley, Ted Anton, Mr. and Mrs. Gus, 108 Surrey Barbara Kelly, Mr. and Mrs. William, 24 Mattie Palamara, Betty Plum and Barbara. Lane. Midwood Rd. Soyster and Suzanne Srour mounted a mas­ Cori Beychok, Dr. and Mrs. Sherman, 61 Ann Lindeman, Mr. and Mrs. Richard, 144 sive and highly successful campaign. Lylewood Drive. W. Clinton Ave. But it could not have been done without Leslie Deeb, Mr. and Mrs. Edward, 31 Oak Brian Majeski, Mr. and Mrs. John, 31 Dog­ the band members themselves and their di­ Street. wood Lane. rector Edward M. Stochowicz. Their musical John Duncan, Mr. and Mrs. John, 60 Wood­ George Palamara, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 43 achievement led to the event, and their full land Park Dr. Palmer Ave. and enthusiastic participation allowed it to Bartley Eckhardt, Mr. and Mrs. Bartley, 98 Betty Small, Dr. and Mrs. Bernard, 109 happen. They had a most rewarding educa­ Dean Dr. Thatcher Rd. tional experience, both throughout the cam­ Jayson Forsythe, Mr. and Mrs. Henderson, 12TH GRADE paign, and in Pasadena, where they had the 204 Elm Street. George Andrae, Dr. and Mrs. Eric, 31 Stony opportunity to meet with, and work with, Richard Goldner, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph, 166 Brook Rd. high school band members from North Caro­ Riveredge Road. Carol Bertges, Mr. and Mrs. Walter, 114 lina, Texas, Indiana, California, Michigan Cathy Hatfield, Dr. and Mrs. Wendell, 124 Sunset Lane. and Oklahoma.. Leroy Street. Al Bolognin!, Mr. and Mrs. John, 104 Elm William Hayes, Mr. and Mrs. W1lliam, 26 St. 1972-73 TENAFLY BAND MEMBERS, THEIR Royden Road. Dick Chaldler, Mr. and Mrs. Charles, 35 PARENTS, AND ADDRESSES Alan Harari, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 86 Louise Lane. Churchill Rd. 9TH GRADE Bill Goldner, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph, 168 Andrew Jacobson, Mrs. Leonard Jacobson, Riverside Rd. Richard Adler, Mr. and Mrs. Bela, 16 Mal­ 85 Buff Road. Chris Hatfield, Dr. and Mrs. Wendell, 124 colm Ct. Kathy Kane, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred, 128 Co­ Leroy Street. Elizabeth Athos, Dr. and Mrs. William, 7 lumbus Drive. Howard Jacobson, Mrs. Leonard, 85 Bu.fl' Huguenot Ct. 9. Beth Katzman, Dr. and Mrs. Merle, 101 Road. Lisa Bloch, Mr. and Mrs. Norton, 33 Green­ Coppell Drive. Debbie Jones, Mr. and Mrs. W. K., 20 tree Terrace. Mary Pat Kelly, Mr. and Mrs. Wllliam, 82 Creston Ave. Lisa Bloom, Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth, 26 Ever­ Norman Place. Dave Kaplow, Dr. and Mrs. Edward, 66 green Place. Don Kiel, Mr. and Mrs. Morton, 65 Richard Surey Lane. Ashley Clark, Mr. and Mrs. W. Gerould, Street. Bob Krehely, Mr. and Mrs. John, 36 Oak 176 Westervelt Ave. David Klinges, Mr. and Mrs. David, 70 Street. Steven Cohen, Mr. and Mrs. Jerry, 236 Forest Road. Matt Kovner, Mr. and Mrs. E., 118 B. High wood Ave. Jane Kornfeld, Dr. and Mrs. Peter, 64 Dean Dr. Stephen Davis, Mr. and Mrs. George, 144 Creston Ave. Wayne Lilley, Mr. and Mrs. T. R., 25 South Highwood Ave. Beth, Laitman, Mr. and Mrs. Danield, 213 Park Dr. Judith Eckhardt, Mr. and Mrs. Louis, 31 Serpentine Road. Ray Monroe, Mr. and Mrs. Raymond, 78 Jewett Ave. David Lefkowith, Dr. and Mrs. Edwin, 98 Mackay Dr. Jim Falk, Mr. and Mrs. Albert, 67 Walnut Walnut Dr. John Nastuk, Mr. and Mrs. William, 103 Drive. Phil Levin, Mr. and Mrs. Berna.n:I, 45 H1llside Ave. Robert Fuller, Mr. and Mrs. Robert, 300 Mayflower Dr. Jim Olsen, Mr. and Mrs. J. A., 6 Porter Ri veredge Rd. Ross Lilley, Mr. and Mrs. T. R., 25 South Ave. Steven Gerst, Mr. and Mrs. Pe.ul, 141 Park Dr Don Plum, Mr. and Mrs. Russell Plum. Tekening Dr. Kay Marshall, Mr. and Mrs. John, 49 Wal­ Robin Lane, Alpine. Betty Harrison, Mr. and Mrs. Bernard, 1 nut Dr. Bob Schults, Dr. and Mrs. John, 237 W. Knoll Rd. Leslie Neal, Mr. and Mrs. Rollin, 14 Park Clinton Ave. Robert Hersh, Mr. and Mrs. Charles, 237 St. Mark Sorensen, Mr. ·and Mrs. Holger, 5 Hickory Ave. Hank Ottley, Mr. and Mrs. Granger, 38 H11lcrest Road. Jon Hexum, Mrs. Gertha, 35 Elm St. Edgewood Road. Jay Stephan, Mr. Joseph, Sussex Road. Lisa Kaufman, Mr. and Mrs. Edward, 53 Alison and Chris Rufiley, Mr. and Mrs. Ray, Bill Zimmerman, Mr. and Mrs. Bernard. Ha.mil ton Pl. 55 Inness Road. 15 Elkwood Terrace. William Krehely, Mr. and Mrs. John, 36 Liam Schwartz, Mrs. Ca.role, 120-B Dean Oak St. Drive. COLOR GUARD David Krumholz, Mr. and Mrs. Alan, 104 Bernie Sell1ng, Mr. and Mrs. Ignatz, 65 N. Connie Blickenderfer, Mr. and Mrs., 40 Walnut Drive. Lyle Ave. Roberts Ct. Michale Lang, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred, 122 Lee Shaouy, Mr. and Mrs. Ph111p, 66 Essex Debbie Barrows, Mr. and Mrs. Robert, 71 Columbus Dr. Dr. Downey Drive. Ann Lefkowith, Dr. and M.1'8. Edwin, 98 George Snyder, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 29 Diane Darrow, Mr. and Mrs. James Church Walnut Drive. Kenwood Road. Street, Alpine. Scott Mlller, Mr. and Mrs. Ira, 10 Green­ Jeff Soule, Dr. and Mrs. William, 29 Glen­ Sue Dunbar, Mr. and Mrs. Howard, 86 tree Terr. wood Road. Churchill Road. Mary Nastuk, Dr. and Mrs. W111ia.m, 103 Danielle Srour, Mr. and Mrs. Soly, 6 White­ Judy Enders, Mr. and Mrs. Howard, 93 Hlllside Ave. wood Road. Surrey Lane. Paul Palamara., Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 43 Rick Steele, Mr and Mrs. Joseph, 101 Wal­ Cindy Finetto, Mr. and Mrs. Frank, 17() Palmer Ave. nut Drive. Hickory Avenue. January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 721 Nancy Goodman, Mr. and Mrs. Phllip, 502 Laurie Graziani, Mr. and Mrs. Richard, 80 WASHINGTON POST WOULD IM­ Knickerbocker Rd. Cortlandt Place. POSE ON ASSISTANCE TO EARTH­ Missy Holmes, Mr. and Mrs. Edward, 175 Winnie Kelley, Mr. and Mrs. Edward, 129 Westervelt Ave. Westervelt Ave. QUAKE VICTIMS IN NICARAGUA Phylis Hutloff, Mr. and Mrs. Harry, 58 N. List Moore, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph 49 Browning Ave. Rockingham Rd. Darleen Hillard, Mr. and Mrs. Harry, 37 Pat Andrews, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 1'11 HON. JOHN R. RARICK Jewett Ave. Hickory Ave. OF LOUISIANA Jane Heely, Mr. and Mrs. Roy, 22 Kenwood Sue Lorentsen, Mr. and Mrs. C. Roy, 10 Road. Floral Terrace. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mary Hickey, Mr. and Mrs. John, 224 Tuesday, January 9, 1973 Hickory Ave. Carol Khoury, Mr. and Mrs. John, 9 Hugue­ Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, judging not Ct. WORLD WAR I PENSION ACT from the scathing editorial on the gov­ Carol Krehely, Mr. and Mrs. John, 36 Oak OF 1973 erning official of Nicaragua, one can only Street. assume that the powers that guide the Laurie LaViola, Mr. and Mrs. Michael, Washington Post do not like the con­ Litchfield Way, Alpine. Pam and Tory Lerner, Mrs. Constance, 1 HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON trolling class of Nicaragua. Lindley Ave. OF CALIFORNIA To hit at a power structure and seek Judy Maragliano, Mr. and Mrs. Carl, 183 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to exploit the victims of the earthquake County Road. . must entitle one to a Nobel Prize for Nancy Miller, Mr. and Mrs. Olsen, 142 Tuesday, January 9, 1973 yellow journalism. Magnolia Ave. Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. The Post people dislike American­ Sue Nelson, Mr. and Mrs. Melvin, 28 Rob­ Speaker, no group of patriots has been educated Senor Somoza because he is a erts Ct. so often overlooked and so long neglected general and runs Nicaragua with a Kathy Palamara, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 43 Palmer Ave. as those Americans who served, and strong and firm hand. Perhaps the peo­ Marie and Madeline Postolakis, Mr. and served valiantly, during World War I. ple at the Post fear describing the con­ Mrs. George, 4 Day Ave. A number of factors have led to this ditions in devastated Nicaragua if a man Francie Prosser, Mr. and Mrs. F. Wood­ unfortunate and unjust situation: like General Somoza were forced to sur­ ward, 27 Laurel Ave. The education of a veteran of World render his power to the masses. Over­ Sue Renaud, Mrs. Barbara, 175 Highwood I averaged that of about a sixth grader, looked is the proximity of Nicaragua to Ave. yet no Government educational assist­ Castro Cuba, the constant threat by in­ Nancy Redard, Mr. and Mrs. W. Lee, 23 Dogwood Lane. ance was waiting for him when he laid filtration from communism, and the un­ Wendy Rogers, Mr. and Mrs. Ronald, 20 down his arms. mistakable fact that General Somoza­ Roberts Ct. The Government did not help him as well as most Nicaraguans-are close Terry Schnaars, Mr. and Mrs. Cha.rtes, find employment, as is the case of more friends and allies of the United States. 135 Columbus Drive. recent veterans. Nor were the veterans Even General Somoza's most bitter po­ Nancy Selling, Mr. and Mrs. Ignatz, 65 N. hospitals available as they are today. litical opponents concede that there had Lyle Avenue. Pension systems, such as social secu­ been great changes in Nicaragua that Sue Soyster, Mr. and Mrs. Stuart, 24 Ben­ rity, were not created until long after jamin Road. were benefiting the small landowner, the Chris Spaulding, Mr. and Mrs., 1 Spruce World War I ended, and by then most peasants, and the average citizens. Un­ St. veterans of the First World War were too mistakably, the earthquake will set back Barbara Steele, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph, 101 far along in life to build up maximum many of the reform programs to the Walnut Drive. social security benefi~. detriment of the poor. But it must be Sue Trnka, Mr. and Mrs. Jack, 15 DeMott As a result, today we find that approx­ considered a grave disservice to human­ St. imately 700,000 World War I veterans, ity to judge other American people and Joanne Young, Mr. and Mrs. James, 246 as well over half of their total numbers, their government by U.S. standards. Who Riveredge Rd. Monique Srour, Mr. and Mrs. Soly, 6 White­ are scraping out a meager existence on does lose the most in a calamity like an wood Rd. less than $2,500 per year. earthquake? The poor who are cast into Mae Trimarchi, Mr. and Mrs. Carmen, 40 The pension system that is in effect is other standards of poverty but who have N. Browning Ave. a type of welfare that is beneath the learned to live in their class, or the af­ Sue Moxham, Mr. and Mrs. John, 153 Sun­ dignity of those who have contributed fluent and ruling class who have invested set Lane. greatly to our country-not only by their their wealth, ingenuity, and initiative to MAJORETTES war service--but also through the years improve the welfare of their fellow man Debbie Carter, Mr. and Mrs. Elwood, 165 as private citizens. but have lost all through no fault of Engle St. For example, a married veteran of their own? The answer can only be that Sue Kane, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred, 128 Colum­ bus Drive. World War I, whose annual income is all have lost-relevancy can only · be Alison Klenk, Mr. and Mrs. Robert, 21 $500 or less, is entitled to $140 a month measured in worth. Lawrence Parkway. pension. No pension is payable to such As one American, I feel it highly repre­ Yvonne Lang, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred, 122 a vet:eran whose annual income exceeds hensive for a major newspaper in our Columbus Drive. $3,800, even though the Government de­ Nation's Capital to even suggest that be­ Barbara Marana, Mr. and Mrs. Al, 54 Co­ fines "poverty" as an income of less than fore we use the enormous funds and lumbus Drive. $4,200 per year. programs of our country to help the Janet Nunez, Mr. and Mrs. Frank, 35 Sun­ The veteran without dependen~ is destitute victims of Nicaragua we re­ set Lane. Claire Rauscher, Mr. and Mrs. Edwin, 100 eligible for pension only if his annual in­ quire strings on our charity requ'iring the Columbus Drive. come is less than $2,300. recipient to remake the country to please Nancy Rosenberger, Mr. and Mrs. Walter, To correct the injustice that has led some newspaper editorial writer. 11 Woodmere Lane. to the financial plight of the World War Russia, Red China, North Vietnam Suzanne Sharer, Mr. and Mrs., 73 Lyle­ I veteran, I am today reintroducing a and a myriad of other Communist na~ wood Drive. proposal which would provide a $150 tions are also headed by strong men or Patty Teagno, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur, 99 a month pension for either the veteran dictators. Some may wonder whey the Westervelt Ave. or his widow. This pension would be paid Post writes only glowing stories of our Adrienne Watson, Mr. and Mrs. Dirk, 85 to the veteran-not on a welfare basis­ trade and relief to these countries. Norman Place. but because he earned it defending our As one average American, my opinion TIGERETTES country. of General Somoza as a leader of his Gall Bradley, Mrs. W. Bradley, 363 Knicker­ Mr. Speaker, of this 5 million who people has been enhanced by this un­ bocker Rd. served our country in uniform during fortunate and certainly untimely misuse Jane Davidson, Mr. and Mrs. John, 6 Brad­ World War I, only 1.2 million are still of the free press in our country. ford Ct. alive and their average age is almost 78. The full text of the editorial from the Barbie Fehrle, Mr. and Mrs. Karl, 30 Ken­ They deserve a pension-not only as a January 9, 1973, Washington Post fol­ wood Road. matter of need, but as a matter of right. lows: 722 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973

AN OPENING FOR CHANGE IN NICARAGUA? expressing the sense of Congress against times that those ethnic groups and mi­ As the international community ponders production and distribution of films that norities who have managed to retain a the forms in which to offer special assistance degrade racial, religious, and ethnic vestige of their original national iden­ to earthquake-stricken Nicaragua, it would groups. This resolution had a total of 72 tity-while at the same time assimilating seem not only fair but necessary to ask why cosponsors in the 92d Congress demon­ the best concepts·of democratic society­ the victim of a natural disaster should get more sympathy and aid than a country whose strating a deep-seated concern over the should be made to suffer most acutely by misfortune stems in large part from its gov­ intolerable situation which has been per­ motion pictures and television programs ernment's misrule. The first and easy petuated by our mass media. Because of which demean their identity. answer-that earthquakes are non-political the continuing need for the Congress to Italian-Americans, Polish-Americans, and deserving of a humanitarian response­ express itself on this urgent matter, I Greek-Americans, Mexican-Americans, undeniably has a certain appeal; the Nica­ am bringing this problem before the at­ black Americans, and members of every raguan government, notoriously il,ldifferent tention of my colleagues again in this ses­ other minority and ethnic group, who by to matters beyond its own narrow leader­ their vigor and pride have contributed ship's enrichment and power, has been plug­ sion. ging it hard. As Nicaragua moves out of the As an American and the son of Italian so much to America's strength and great­ canned-milk and tent-city stage of imme­ immigrants, I am only too well acquaint­ ness-have every right to be free from diate relief requirements, however, the ques­ ed with the innuendoes, the guilt-by-as­ the harm directed at them by thought­ tion becomes more real. sociation techniques, the sick jokes, and less panderers of hatred and discord. Plainly, no one concerned with the over­ the countless other vicious, contemptible Every minority group is justifiably proud all welfare of Nicaragua could countenance and cruel methods employed by our mass of its ancestry, its accomplishments, and withholding relief in the expectation of forc­ media to degrade members of ethnic and its contributions to the advancement of ing political change: the Somoza family world civilization. When we destroy this would loudly protest, cushioned by its wealth, minority groups. while the poor suffered. At a certain point, It is high time that a halt is called to pride in ''self"-we destroy the very qual­ though, it becomes possible to stop thinking the scurrilous portraits of ethnic Ameri­ ity Americans possess that has made of Nicaragua merely aB' the sc~ne of an earth­ cans which the media not only allow but America great. quake and to regard it instead as a country seem to encourage. Everyone knows that For too long the intolerable situation whose woeful under-development has been Polish-Americans are no less lacking in of defaming minority groups in mass exposed and deepened by the current crisis. intelligence than other Americans, that media has been allowed to exist, and the At this point, the focus of outside effort Italian-Americans are no more hoods time is long overdue for the movie and turns from "rebuilding" and making the television industries to do much more earthquake victims whole-a focus bound to and crooks than other Americans, just serve, say, such major owners of damaged as Mexican-Americans are no lazier or than the little they have done in the past business-district property as the Somoza devious than the rest of us. to eliminate the discord, racial strife, and family-to "development" and the general Such inexcusable slurs upon the dignity hatred they are peddling, and to reunite welfare. and integrity of ethnic minorities are not our country and rededicate us to the Development is coming increasingly to be only an affront to the fundamental spirit of brotherhood in which our understood as improving the lives of poor American concept of fairplay but more Founding Fathers established our great people: getting to them more income, more importantly, constitute a destructive at­ democracy. services, more jobs. Why should not the in­ ternational lending agencies, especially those tack upon many of those very individuals I want to make it clear that this resolu­ lending tax-provided funds, design projects who have contributed in lasting and tion has not been introduced for the which serve these particular goals? Such tangible ways to the building of this Na­ purpose of censuring the motion picture projects-aimed specifically at relieving pov­ tion-a nation which by its very defini­ and television industries. We all know erty rather than just encouraging a statis­ tion is comprised of immigrants from that they are fully protected by the Con­ tical increase in economic growth-need not every corner of the globe. stitution and the Supreme Court of the and should not be limited to Nicaragua. But Indeed, Mr. Speaker, such revered United States which guarantee the free­ Nicaragua is a good place to have a go at it, if only because its form of government is names as Christopher Columbus, the doms they enjoy, but at the same time, a what it is. great Italian navigator who discovered serious question has been raised in the Now, for an agency like the Inter-Amer­ America; Dr. Enrico Fermi, the Italo­ minds of millions of Americans about the ican Development Bank, for instance, to American who is regarded as one of the abuse of their privilege of informing the work in this way is not particularly conge­ greatest physicists of our time and the public and disseminating information nial or simple. Since General Somoza has father of nuclear energy; Gen. Casimir and news. asked for special help, however, he ts open Pulaski, the eminent Polish nobleman The press, radio, and television have to some reciprocal requests in turn. He might who first established our American cav­ been derelict in their responsibility to consider what it would do for his family's alry and gave his life for our freedom help create a society in which people are reputation to be seen as a st~tesman who used his nation's latest natural crisis as a in the American Revolutionary War; proud to make a contribution to their lever for improving the lot of its poor. He Thaddeus Kosciuszko, the Polish patriot country, and are proud to respect their could consider how embarrassing it would be who fought in our Revolutionary War own heritage and their institutions. In to him, and how harmful to public confi­ and engineered the fortification of West America, the lack of respect that exists dence in hemispheric cooperation, if it were Point; and so many others too numerous today for family, for the church, and for later found that he had manipulated inter­ to mention without whose contributions our institutions, has undermined our peo­ national sympathy chiefly for his family's America, the greatest democracy on and friends' benefit, The general might be­ ple as well as our confidence in the direc­ gin by publicizing a list of the family's hold­ earth, would perhaps never have :flour­ tion our Nation is taking. One reason ings-those damaged by the quake and those ished. this situation continues to exist is be­ not. He might then report what portion of The most remarkable aspect of Amer­ cause we have permitted the mass media these holdings he intends to devote to na­ ica is its diversity. That composite of to ridicule and to stereotype our minority tional reconstruction. That done, he could cultures which has gone into the making groups by using such repugnant words, proceed by inviting his people, in a real elec­ of America has produced one of the rich­ as "wop," "kike," "nigger,'' and "polack." tion, to sanction a new and somewhat more est, most exciting, most vital societies in When such derogatory terminology is responsive style of rule. history. It is from this diversity that the used, it can only encourage dissension, greatest of America springs, and it is and as a result, today we have blacks the triumph of America that, out of fighting whites, and one ethnic group TO STOP DEGRADING VARIOUS such diversity, has come that mingling pitted against another. The day of reck­ ETHNIC GROUPS IN THE MEDIA of traditions, temperament, and cultures oning is finally upon us. Mass media must which personifies the American Union. evaluate its policies and honestly answer Assimilation does not necessarily re­ these questions: Are they causing con­ HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO quire elimination of ethnic attributes, fusion and frustration? Are they abusing however. Much of the ethnic flavor intro­ their privilege and responsibility of in­ OF ILLINOIS duced by thousands of immigrants is of a forming the people? Are they encourag­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lasting and enduring nature, and the ing the type of struggle that pits one Tuesday, January 9, 1973 people from faraway lands change Amer­ human being against another simply be­ Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, last ica, even as America changes them. cause of their racial or ethnic origin? week I reintroduced a House Resolution It is a tragic commentary upon our The power of the press, televisio~ and January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 723 motion pictures over mass behavior and one plant that has an added loveliness. This spirit less hardy than his own. It was an un­ public attitudes is manifest in many is why. forgetable lesson to all of us who sometimes ways. This "power" was recognized Last week when I returned to my room moan and groan over some much less trying I found it on the coffee table along with this difficulty of either spirit or fiesh. many decades ago, even before the ad­ note, which I quote verbatim. "We are stu­ Perhaps this is why he was so gentle to vent of television and motion pictures, dents at St. John's Law School and we want everyone. Aware of his own internal and psy­ when Napoleon I said, to remember Professor McNiece in a special chical anguish he seemed determined neve1 Three hostile newspapers are more to be way this Christmas. Since the Professor won't to add to another's burden by an unkind feared th.an a thousand bayonets. be able to be at Mass in his own church this word or deed. That is why he could for all season we thought maybe you would place his manliness be so tender and compassionate And even more recently, our Vice Presi­ these flowers on the altar in his name. We to others whether the other be someone as dent, Spiro Agnew, is quoted as saying, realize the church will be banked with point­ close to him as his sister Florence during her The power of the networks (are) equal to settia.s, but if you wouldn't mind maybe you sickness, or his little twelve year old friend, th.at ... of local, state, and federal govern­ could see that this one goes right on the Matthew Thornton, who although doomed ments all combined. altar. to die, spent some of the happiest and la.st We send this flower not only as a prayer hours of his short life with just Harold in his Such statements are good indications of for his recovery, but in thanksgiving for waterfront apartment, or perhaps one of his the vast power of today's media to influ­ having had the privilege of his wit and wis­ many students whose problems were his prob­ ence public attitudes. dom in the classroom and the contact with lems and whose anxieties were lessened be­ With ,open conflict and mistrust all his good and gentle nature. If you could do cause they knew someone cared. over the world, it is imperative that the this we would be very grateful." One time a very famous man was being leaders who help to mold and develop It was signed by nine of his students. buried from St. Patrick's Cathedral which Unfortunately, due to the mysterious de­ was jammed to the doors with an overfiow public opinion in the United States as­ signs of Divine Providence, he did not re­ crowd. Someone approached a policeman on sume the responsibility for creating cover. Therefore we are here to mourn our duty and said they just had to get in because unity here at home so that we can be­ loss but not in a spirit of inconsolable they were a friend of the deceased. The come strong and united as a nation to anguish or bitter sorrow but rather as the policeman replied, Sorry I can't help you meet our obligations abroad. We must students put it so well, in thanksgiving for because everyone is a friend. And I think this show the world that our democracy has being enriched by knowing him whether as is true this morning. We all share this gentle real meaning, that we are a nation of na­ a relative, teacher or friend. Every life 1n this man's friendship and believe that- church and every life he touched in any way tions, that we revere and respect our in­ was enabled by that experience and it was "Two things upon this changing earth stitutions, and that we are ready to enabled exactly as the letter s.aid by his Can neither change nor end: defend ourselves and our principles of wisdom, wit, goodness and gent111ty. The splendor of Christ's humble birth democracy anywhere in the world. His academic achievements testify to his The love of friend for friend." Congress must speak out forcibly on scholarship. A B.S. Cum Laude, and an L.L.S. The last quality his students alluded to in behalf of our ethnic groups and our mi­ Summa Cum Laude and a Doctor of Juris­ their note was his goodness. This was a qual­ nority groups which have contributed so prudence. As the fruit of the combination of ity that was obvious in his countenance, in much to the greatness of this country, a brilliant mind and a thorough training and his devotion to the Eucharist, in his complete grasp of his profession he produced at least faith. Father John Flynn, former President and in return, deserve nothing less than three books and thirty-eight articles in vari­ of St. John's once said to me that he admired its respect. ous learned periodicals and publications. Harold's childlike faith. Notice he said child­ There is no doubt that those indi­ But as St. Thomas once said, wisdom is like, not childish. By this I believe he meant viduals who control the media are to a more than mere knowledge. It ls the ab111ty that once he convinced himself, by rigorous great extent abusing the protection of to use what you know in a pragmatic, prac­ self-analysis that the motives of credibility the first amendment, and in so doing, tical and useful way. And in a science such for his faith were sound, he believed with they are undermining the very principle as Law, wisdom is the indispensable ingre­ unswerving fidelity. of respect for individual rights which is dient to make it an instrument of Justice Because belief is the motive and well-spring whereby the rights of all men are not only of morality, he could then live up to his guaranteed to every American as his protected but revered and respected. Evi­ Christian ideals sincerely, persistently, and birthright. dence of his wisdom can be found in many without hesitation or doubt. I, therefore, urge that this resolution and varied places but most of all in the The philosophers and theologians tell us be favorably considered as promptly as monument he built to the value and worth that goodness has a tendency to diffuse itself possible in order that the Congress may of the law in our society. It is constructed and thus the good man will help all who have the opportunity to go on record as not of marble or bronze but much more come in contact with him refiect in some way vigorously opposing all defamatory activ­ precious material, the living stones of his that goodness also. That, I believe, is the final ity directed against America's dedicated myriad of students during the twenty-six legacy of this gifted and rare spirit we now years as Professor and Dean of St. John's commit to God's mercy and judgment. minority groups by the news media in Law School. May I conclude with a quotation from an­ the United States. This same wisdom was utilized and ex­ other letter I received this week from a panded also in a number of quasi-judicial woman I knew 1n Arizona whose brother had assignments, legislative commissions and just died. She wrote: "Jim had been in ad­ DR. HAROLD F. McNmCE special committee works. Plus an extraordi­ vertising. The priest who knew Jim well nary amount of work for the Bar Association ended his funeral eulogy with these words­ L. and on Boards of Trustees for educational, 'The advertisement read, Wanted: a man of HON.HUGH CAREY philanthropic and charitable institutions. God. Position filled.' " OF NEW YORK To him the law was not merely a sword to And as we continue to pray together for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cleave through the inequities of the world him in this Mass we offer our sincere and heartfelt condolences to his family, especially Tuesday, January 9, 1973 but more importantly a shield to protect the innocent, the poor, the alienated and the for­ his sister Florence, his brothers George and Mr. CAREY of New York. Mr. Speaker, gotten and neglected segments of our society. John, and all his friends, particularly his it is with deep regret that I call to the However, what made him such a delight to alter ego, Kevin Fogerty, his colleague in the attention of my colleagues the untimely be with was his lack of pretense and absence Law School, and legal profession. We also death of Dr. Harold Francis McNiece, of all pedantry. He was as much at home should remember in our sorrow the words on with any one of his many god-children as his memorial card, his life is but changed, professor and former dean of the St. he was with the outstanding members of his not ended. Therefore in the words of another John's University School of Law. In his profession be they lawyers, judges, professors great lawyer, Thomas More, as he went to his lifetime, Dr. McNiece distinguished him­ or legislators. This pleasure of his company death, "May we merrily meet in Heaven." self as an outstanding author, educator, was further enhanced by his wit. A wit that Amen. and humanitarian. was sharp but never hurtful, that was clever I insert at this point the eulogy deliv­ but never derogatory or harmful. As a matter BIOGRAPHY OF DR. HAROLD F. McNIECE, 1923-72 ered by Rev. Msgr. Charles E. Diviney, of fact, it was a means whereby he was able Dr. Harold Francis McNiece, Professor and V.G., pastor of Saint Charles Borromeo to conceal the amount of physical and psy­ former Dean of St. John's University School chical suffering he had to cope with for years. Roman Catholic Church, 21 Sidney Place, of Law, died on ~.vednesday, December 27, For the pa.st twelve yea.rs he underwent a 1972 in Brooklyn Hospital. Brooklyn, N.Y., on December 30, 1972. series of physical catastrophes that would In Dr. McNiece was born in New York on addition, I insert a short biography have crushed a weaker spirit. Yet no word of March 20, 1!;)23, graduated cum laude from of the distinguished gentleman's life: complaint ever crossed his lips. St. John's University in 1944 and summa cum EULOGY FOR HAROLD MCNIECE, This was but the crown of a lifetime of laude from the Law School in 1945. He DECEMBER 30, 1972 psychic hurt that he must have had to en­ received a Doctor of Juristic Science degree All the flowers on the altar today have an dure but to which he never alluded, because from New York University in 1949. He joined intrinsic beauty of their own. But there 1s of an infirmity that would have engulfed any the Law School faculty in 1946 after being 724 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 an associate with the law firm of Davis, Polk for the Nation. Yet, I believe there is large but even among its own Members. and Wardwell for 1 year following his grad­ something peculiarly and indefinably Repeatedly, less than a quorum ap­ uation. American about our inaugurations. Down peared; this meant one adjournment Named a Professor in 1951, he became an Assistant Dean in 1954, an Associate Dean through all of our history, from George after another without any business, and in 1957 and Dean in 1960. He was on the Washington's in 1789, they had had ele­ this went on for a month. Board of Trustees of Cathedral College of ments of drama, tragedy, and comedy Not until April 6 did a quorum show the Immaculate Conception, a past president that paint some of the brightest dashes up, after the country began to complain. of the Brooklyn Society for the Prevention of color on the pages of our American The next day couriers sped to notify of Cruelty to Children and a past president annals. Washington and Adams of what both had of the Catholic Lawyers Guild of Brooklyn. It basically makes no difference which known for a month. Dr. McNiece was a member of the American Bar Association, New York State Bar Asso­ party won when it comes to viewing the Like the first observance of anything, ciation, Association of the Bar of the City ceremony for what it is, what it has there was confusion, and it all began of New York, Brooklyn Bar Association, Fed­ come to mean to us as a people, and over a title for the new Chief Executive. eral Bar Association and American Judicature the symbolism we have invested it with. John Adams held out for "His Most Be­ Society. It makes no major difference whether nign Highness." The Senate favored "His In the early 1960's, he served as vice chair­ the ceremony is strictly traditional, nor Highness, the President of the United man of the Joint Legislative Committee to whether it sees innovations never known States of America." Fortunately for the Implement Court Reorganization, as chair­ man of the advisory council of the Joint before. It is ours, exclusively ours, and country, the House of Representatives, Legislative Committee on Matrimonial and it always has been. whipped into line and nudged by the Family Law and as a member of the Execu­ I spoke of tradition in the ceremonies; sharp-tongued frontier Representative tive Committee of the State Conference on there is one that actually goes back cen­ William Maclay, from Pennsylvania, said Legal Education. He had also served as Ex­ turies. "Hail to the Chief!" is familiar what was in the Constitution was ecutive Director of the Judiciary Committee to all of us, not only on Inauguration enough: "President of the United States.'• of the New York Constitutional Convention Day but at other ceremonies to herald Washington did not want any title at all. and as a. member of the Advisory Council of the City Board of Pulblic Welfare. the arrival of the President. But the For the record, some other suggested In 1962, he received the highest award con­ tune is old, centuries old, so far back it titles: "Excellency"; "His Highness, the ferred on faculty members, the President's cannot be traced. It was first heard in President of the United States and Pro­ Medal of St. John's. He also won the Dis­ the rant and skirl of Scottish pipes and tector of Their Liberties"; "His Serene tinguished Service Award of the Brooklyn must have, over the centuries, sounded Highness"; "His Mightiness". Chamber of Commerce, a Distinguished across the length and breadth of that On the appointed day, Thursday, April Achievement Award from the Brooklyn Bar land they call the Lion of the North, 30, 1789, the Senate still wrangled over Association and the Human Rights Award over the Isles of Skye and across the of the State Division of Human Rights. protocol. How should Washington be re­ In 1963, Dr. McNiece acted as special master waters of Loch Rannoch, around the ceived? Should he be invited to take a in taking testimony on the 1960 air collision summit of Ben Lothian and down the chair? Where? John Adams looked at the of United and Trans World Airline planes in slopes of the Great Glen, as it was played crimson chair that symbolized his office. New York. All 128 persons aboard the two to announce the arrival of the Chieftain Two men could not sit on it, obviously, planes and six persons on the ground were to a clan council. so should he give it to Washington? killed. And there are words; they come from Adams, in frustration, turned to the The author of case books on torts and on Sir Walt.er Scott's "The Lady of the security transactions, Dr. McNiece, in col­ Senate: laboration with Dr. Paul Dudley White, wrote Lake," Canto II, Stanza 19: Gentlemen, I feel great difficulty how to "Heart Disease and the Law", under a grant Hail to the Chief who in triumph advances I act. I am Vice President. In this I am noth­ from the U.S. Public Health Service. Honored and blessed be the ever-green pine I ing, but I may be everything. But I am Long may the tree in his banner that glances, president, also, of the Senate. When the Flourish, the shelter and grace of our line. President comes into the Senate, what shall Heaven send it happy dew; I be? I wish, gentlemen, to think what I shall Earth lend it sap a.new; be. HAIL TO THE CHIEF-OUR PRES­ Gally to bourgeon and broadly to grow. IDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS While every highland glen, Then someone suggested maybe Wash­ Sends our shont back a.gain: ington would not want to sit down. After Roderigh Vich Alpine, Dho! Ho! Ieroel all, he was coming to make a speech and he would probably do that standing up. HON. WILLIAM G. BRAY "The Lady of the Lake" was first pub­ The Senate passed to weightier mat­ OF INDIANA lished in 1810. The first recorded use of ters. What about the House of Repre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Hail to the Chief!" during an Inaugural sentatives, when they came into the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 was for James Knox Polk, on March 4, Senate Chamber? Should they stand, as 1845. James Sanderson, an American of Mr. BRAY. Mr. Speaker, in 1969 the the House of Commons stood in the whom absolutely nothing else is known, House of Lords, for a joint session of late Senator Everett M. Dirksen wrote put the words and music together. But of presidential inaugurations: England's Parliament? Then someone John Philip Sousa, the March King, who remembered Commons stood because It is entirely appropriate then, that when should have known if anyone would have, the people have made their choice that the there were not seats for them in Lords, transfer of governmental responsi'b111ty take always said it was impossible to de­ and for no other reason. place publicly, and with the dignity and termine when Sanderson did this, or All right, then, but how do we receive solemnity commensurate with the investi­ when the melody was first played in con­ the Speaker of the House? Easy-send ture of leadership "of the people, by the nection with an American President. the Sergeant-at-Arms to the door of the people, for the people." The inauguration The Polk Inauguration was the first of Senate with the mace. Then they re­ is visible and demonstrative public evidence which we know for sure. membered they had neither Sergeant-at­ of the unity of the people of this great na­ Our first Inaugural, Washington's in Arms nor mace. tion of ours and of the continuity of orderly 1789, had about it elements of confusion patterns of government. · About then, the door to the Senate and at times almost of comedy that have Chamber opened and the Speaker fol­ A presidential inauguration may be a never been duplicated since. To begin lowed by the Representatives pushed his transfer of power from one administra­ with, the First Congress of the United way in. He had his own problems. Ac­ tion to another. If the Chief Executive States dawdled about getting enough cording to schedule, the congressional succeeds himself, then it is a symbol of Members together for a quorum to even escort was to meet Washington at Frank­ continuity of government. No matter make the election of Washington, as lin House at 11 a.m. to accompany the occasion, I still believe that basical­ President, and John Adams, as Vice him to Federal Hall for the inauguration ly the American people view an inaugu­ President, an official matter. at noon. It was now well after 11. Do ration in the same sense as the litieral The last act of the Continental Con­ you not think, gentlemen ... ? Due to translation of the word itself from the gress specified that its successor should jammed streets, the escort got there 1 Latin: "to consecrate or install under convene in New York March 4, 1789, to hour and 10 minutes late. But they man­ good auspices or omens." take the results of the Electoral College. aged to get back with Washington. The auspices and omens have not al­ There was a negative feeling toward the He was led to the second ft.oor; John ways been good, either for the man, or Congress, not only among the public at Adams was waiting for him inside the January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 725 Senate door. He accepted the applause parted not only was the East Room in in. Women fainted; fights broke out; of the joint Congress, unsmiling, then a shambles but the tools used by the car­ children were handed out of windows. there was silence. Washington looked penters and painters had disappeared. Jackson was pushed back into a corner; around for a place to sit down, spotted Not until 1817 were inaugurals-ex­ a flying wedge of men rescued him, then Adams' crimson chair, and took it. He cept Washington's first-held outdoors; a frantic White House staff began mov­ became aware the Congress was waiting they were all indoors, either in the Sen­ ing the punch tubs out onto the lawn. for him, so he said to Adams, "I am ate or the House. They might be there to The crowd followed; the tubs went far­ ready to proceed." this day, except for the pique of Henry ther and farther away until they were But no one had arranged anything Clay. outside the gates. So followed the crowd. further. Washington realized this, so he After the city had been burned by the Every inauguration had attracted walked to the doors to the balcony at the British in August 1814 the residents of crowds but Martin Van Buren's in 1873 far end of the room. Adams fell in be­ Washington feared the seat of Govern­ set a record for the time. For the first hind, with Chancellor Robert R. Liv­ ment might be moved. To head this off time in history various political clubs ingston of the New York judiciary, fol­ they raised money to build a temporary sent delegates. Every possible bed was lowed by Secretary of the Senate Samuel Capitol building at First and A Streets, full with as many occupants as could be Allyne Otis. The congressional escort Northeast. Known as Congress Hall, the crammed into it. Enterprising stables fell in behind; this group jostled for two-story red brick building went up in rented bales of hay; one group of Bos­ space on the balcony while the rest of 4months. tonians paid to take turns dozing in the the Congress scrambled for a view from President-elect Monroe indicated he chairs of a barbershop. the windows. would take his oath in the House Cham­ Zachary Taylor, inaugurated in 1849, He took the oath; Livingston paused ber, since it was larger than the Senate's. had been a soldier all his life and was a moment, then, softly, said, "It is done." Henry Clay, Speaker of the House, irked proud of it. His inaugural parade had He then turned to the watching crowd because he had not been named Secre­ a distinctly military ftair, with the odd below and shouted "Long live George tary of State, said Congress Hall wa.S not addition of a band of Chippewa Indians. Washington, President of the United built strongly enough to take the weight Taylor had once given their tribe a fear­ States." The crowd cheered; church bells of the expected crowd. Monroe did not ful thrashing, but they seemed to have rang; cannon thundered from ships in argue about it; he knew what had moved forgotten it. The crowds were entranced; the harbor. There would be more cele­ Clay, so he announced he would take the the Chippewas, getting into the spirit of bration that night, with a week of par­ oath outdoors. Also, this was the first things, got up at dawn on Inauguration ties, and America's first Inaugural Ball time the Marine Band was to play. Day and began a victory dance in Tay­ on May 7-Martha Washington missed In 1825, John Quincy Adams' inaugu­ lor's honor. Their own enthusiasm, plus it, as she was still in Virginia, but George, ration saw several firsts. Outgoing Pres­ the approval of the crowd, kept them who loved dancing, was always first on ident Monroe escorted Adams to the going; they leaped, chanted and the ftoor. America's first inauguration Capitol, starting a precedent which con­ screeched for hours. was over. tinues to this day. Adams was also the Taylor's main event for the day, the John Adams' inauguration, in 1797, first President inaugurated in long pants. Grand Inauguration Ball, had 230 spon­ was quite drab. Adams loved pomp and And, another first, probably never to be sors who were among the crowd that ceremony, but there was not any. No repeated, was former President John cheered wildly when Taylor entered. One show of any kind. Not even a band. No Adams, now 90, coming down from Mas­ of the sponsors was a young Whig Con­ one escorted him from his lodgings. Not sachusetts to see his son sworn into the gressman from lliinois named Abraham even a member of his family was there. office. Lincoln. Taylor stayed until 1 in the He did buy a new carriage; Adams felt Andrew Jackson's election as President morning; the ball roared on until 4. it was "simple but elegant enough" but in 1828 did not please a lot of people. As Then, when the weary guests went to the Philadelphia press-where the seat the city filled for the inauguration, they get their coats and hats, they found the of the Federal Government has moved­ made no secret of their displeasure: servants had fted. A mammoth mound sniffed at it because it was drawn by Daniel Webster: lay piled in the middle of City Hall lob­ only two horses. I have never seen such a crowd here before. by. There had already been flurries of There were more trials for Adams. Persons have come five hundred miles to fights over the food; the sight of a George Washington showed up and stole see General Jackson, and they really seem to Gibraltar of clothing led to a fresh out­ the show. Adams had no reception, no think that the country is rescued from some break, punctuated by curses of men and banquet, no ball. Everything was cen­ dreadful danger I weeping of women. Somewhere, outside, tered around Washington. So, after his One observer said, "it was like the trudging to his rooming house, bare­ inauguration, John Adams went back inundation of northern barbarians into headed in the blizzard, was Abraham to his boardinghouse for lunch, as usual, Rome," gazing in disgust at the small Lincoln. His hat was somewhere in the at the head of the table. He then went to farmers and backwoodsmen who bought pile but he did not care to stay around his rooms. His only caller was Washing­ Jackson-style neckties, and patronized and fight for it. ton, who stopped to say goodbye. Adams barbers advertising Jackson-style hair­ Allan Pinkerton, the Illinois detective, had dinner, as usual, and went back to cuts, sleeping five to a bed or on pool caught up with Abraham Lincoln in a his rooms, and to bed early, but could not tables. Philadelphia hotel room near the end of sleep so got up and sat down to write his "The reign of King MOB seemed February 1861. The President-elect was wife a letter that began: triumphant," growled Supreme Court on his way to Washington; Pinkerton My Dearest Friend: Your dearest friend Justice Story. added his warnings to one the new Secre­ never had a more trying day. "The country is ruined past redemp­ tary of State, Seward, had sent the day tion," moaned John Randolph of Vir­ before, as well as a letter from Gen. Win­ Neither of Jefferson's inaugurations ginia. field Scott. There was a plan afoot to had any special ceremony about them, The sky had clouded over, but at the kill Lincoln when he went through Balti­ but during the second an incident oc­ exact moment Jackson's party stepped more and Pinkerton wanted Lincoln to curred that was a prelude of what was to out onto the inaugural platform, the head for Washington at once on a one­ come. Jefferson knew hundreds poured sky cleared and a brilliant sun broke car special train. into Washington for the event; he rea­ through. This was too much for the Lincoln refused; he was scheduled to soned that this was the only chance they crowd; they sent up a prolonged roar address the Legislature and raise the flag had to see the new Executive Mansion, that kept up until Jackson had made over Independence Hall for Washing­ so he told the Washington press that it his way to the podium. ton's Birthday. Lincoln brushed them would be open on Inauguration Day for The White House reception that fol­ aside; Jefferson Davis' inaugural ad­ anyone who wished to inspect it. Mis­ dress had just been released, and he take: by the time the hordes of visitors lowed is legendary. It is said the White wanted to read it. poured in, they were much the worse for House had the worst mess since the Brit­ Pinkerton left, got the services of John wear from Washington's numerous bars. ish invasion in 1814. Crowds poured into Nicolay, Lincoln's secretary, and cooked The East Room was not yet finished; the the East Room; the punch was faced with up a plan which, with some difficulty on cry went up that there was a good place whiskey and as one sodden mob was their part, Lincoln agreed to. The fiag­ to get souvenirs, and when the mob de- pushed out, a fresh batch shoved its way raising in Philadelphia and the legisla- 726 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, .1973 ture visit in Harrisburg went as sche~ - ence him on a bill he did not approve. feels it was staged by the Fates, and that uled. Then, Lincoln was hustled to the One Representative, sponsor of a partic­ somewhere, overhead, the flapping of the Governor's mansion, dressed in a Scot­ ular reconstruction measure on his desk, wings of the Furies could have been tish shawl and tam, and taken by serv­ kept hovering around the door. Lincoln faintly heard. For Abraham Lincoln, the ant's door and back alleys to the rail lost his patience: "harry of midnight cavalry" was still yards. A special train for Philadelphia I told you twice, goddammit--no. riding the wind. There, in the crowd, was waiting; the moment it left, men cut One of the ugliest incidents on record caught by the camera with thousands the telegraph wires out of Harrisburg dealing with inaugurations came when of others-and historians have now made and stopped all railway traffic. If anyone Vice President Andrew Johnson of Ten­ positive identification of the faces-were knew the President-elect was on his way, nessee was sworn in in the Senate cham­ John Wilkes Booth and four other con­ they could not tell anyone else. bers. He was still recovering from typhoid spirators of the Lincoln assassination. In Philadelphia the train stopped in fever and at first had not wanted to come Grant's first inauguration in 1869 gave the outer yards and Lincoln was led to at all. Lincoln insisted; it would, he said, many people a chance to see, for the first the regular Washington sleeper. A sec­ be safer. time in person, a man who was nearly tion for three had been reserved under Johnson had come in to Washington legendary to the country at large. His false names. Lincoln took the middle; on Friday evening and spent the evening composure impressed everyone; he knew either side two Pinkerton men, drawn drinking with friends. Saturday morn­ every eye was on him. He read his speech revolvers in their laps, sat awake. The ing, before he took the oath, he had a bad in about 10 minutes, in a voice so low train passed through Baltimore safely hangover, and knew it. Thinking the it could not be heard over 15 feet away, and at 6 in the morning Lincoln was in hair of the dog would help, he asked but the crowd did not mind. They were Washington. A wire went to Mrs. Lin­ for some and was given brandy. By the more interested in something else. As he coln in Harrisburg: "Plums delivered time his ceremonies were ready he was came to the end of each page, he care­ nuts safely.'' shambling drunk, and the performance fully wet his thumb and forefinger before There were more stories to come. A ruined him forever. turning it; the crowd was delighted with secret organization of Carolinians, known Lincoln's party crossed · through the the sign that their President was just a as the Minute Men, had sworn to be in rotunda of the Capitol toward the plat­ plain, simple man. Washington on March 4 with rifle and form. As they did so, a young man broke But there was one other incident as revolver to prevent inauguration of an police ranks and almost grabbed him. A well, probably one of the most touching abolitionist President. There was an Ala­ would-be assassin? The police questioned in all inaugural history. Little Nellie bama conspiracy to burn the Capitol and him, then let him go. It was John Wilkes Grant, his daughter, was on the plat­ the Treasury. Twenty-five Texans, armed Booth, who proceeded to find himself a form, wedged in with the rest of the with knives, were going to stab the Presi­ sPot to view the proceedings outside on family behind the Supreme Court. Just dent in his carriage. the Capitol steps. as her father was finishing, Nellie left Oddly enough, Lincoln was more or It had been raining all morning her seat, walked to her father's side, and less left on his own in the city until Mon­ but the crowd was large and in good stood there holding his hand as he read day morning, March 4. Then someone humor. It was right at 1 o'clock when the last words. At the end of his speech, remembered; mounted couriers dashed Lincoln stepped onto the platform and the crowd roared its approval for Nel­ through the city and within the hour the approached the lectern. What happened lie as well as for her father. tramp, tramp, tramp of a contingent of next was, for many. like during Jackson's Grant's second inaugural was the cold­ Federal troops was heard in the vicinity Inauguration, a sign of good fortune: the est on record-winds of 40 miles an hour, of the Capitol. clouds broke and a shaft of sunlight and the temperature at 16 above. This President Buchanan planned to call for flared down onto the Capitol building. led to the most mammoth failure of an Abraham Lincoln at Willard's Hotel at The next day was Sunday, so festivities inaugural ball ever known. noon, but was late. When the two came were put off until Monday, when the of­ Past inaugurals had meant traffic out, there was Buchanan's closed car­ ficial inaugural ball was scheduled in the jams, confusion, crowding, so this time riage waiting for them. Lincoln de­ new Patent Office Building. A grand buf­ the inaugural committee had a tempo­ murred; he wanted an open carriage to fet was promised, with tickets at $10 rary building erected on where Judiciary see the crowds and so they could see him. apiece, and a man could bring as many Square is now located, at $40,000. They Parade officials muttered; a six-horse women guests as he wished. The Lincolns were determined to do everything right; barouche was brought up; more orders arrived at 10: 30; the supper buffet was nothing was spared for decorating, nor went out, and as soon as the carriage scheduled for midnight in the west room, for food; the list is worth repeating: moved a way from the hotel, Federal which could accommodate about 400 at a Ten thousand fried oysters; 8,000 scalloped cav~lry units moved down upon it from time. The idea was good: the guests oysters; 8,000 pickled oysters; 63 boned each side. would come in groups of 400 each, eat, turkeys; 75 roast turkeys; 150 capons stuffed The procession moved up Pennsylvania with truffies; 15 saddles of mutton; 40 pieces then leave. of spiced beef, each weighing 40 pounds; 200 Avenue. Cavalry patrols were at each It did not work that way. When the cross-street as they passed, the men dozen roast quail; 100 50-pound game pates; doors were opened all 4,000 tried to storm 300 tongues and 200 hams, ornamented with heavily armored. As they pulled up in the door at once. The President and Mrs. jelly; 30 baked salmon; 100 chickens; 400 front of the Capitol, muzzles of sharp­ Lincoln viewed the scene, amazed. "It partridges; 25 stuffed boars' heads; 40 10- shooters' rifles gleamed from the Capitol looks," said Mrs. Lincoln, "like a scram­ pound pates de foie gras; 2000 head-cheese windows. Barely visible over the rise of a ble.'' "Well,'' her husband responded, sandwiches; 3000 ham sandwiches; 3000 beef­ hill opposite was a battery of artillery. "it appears to be a very systematic tongue sandwiches; 1600 bunches of celery; No one was taking chances on anything. scramble." They left, with the help of a 30 barrels of salad; 2 barrels of lettuce; 350 Vice President Hannibal Hamlin was chickens and 2000 pounds of lobster and 6000 friendly waiter who took them out the eggs, all boiled for salad; 1 barrel of beets; sworn in, with ceremonies in the Senate back way. 2500 loaves of bread; 8000 rolls; 24 cases of chambers. The dignitaries moved toward Lincoln's second inauguration at the Prince Albert crackers; 1000 pounds of but­ the door, but no one wanted to be flrst Capitol was recorded by the camera and ter; 300 17-pound charlotte russes; 200 on the p1atform. Finally Senator Stephen what we have today is a photo that surely moulds each of wine jelly and blanc mange; Douglas, of Illinois, loser in the election, must rank as one of the most mor­ 300 gallons of ice cream; 200 gallons of headed the line. Lincoln was the last to bidly fascinating of all time. The shadow flavored ices; 400 pounds of pastry; 150 large appear. of peace was on the country, yet, the cakes; 60 pyramid cakes; 25 barrels of Malaga Five weeks later the country was fight­ shadow of death hovered over Abraham grapes; 15 cases of oranges; 5 cases of apples; ing itself. 400 pounds of mixed candles; 10 cases of Lincoln. He himself sensed something, raisins; 200 pounds of shelled almonds; 300 In 1865 the Civil War was still on but and had told friends and relatives of gallons claret punch; 300 gallons of coffee; the worst was over, and the end was in 200 gallons of tea; 100 gallons of chocolate. sight. It was clear it would last only a strange dreams. In one, he found him­ short time. The evening before, Friday, self in the White House, and was told the There were even live canaries, singing March 3, Lincoln was in his office until President was dead. In another, he had in their cages. But no one had thought past midnight, studying and signing leg­ dreamed of a ship putting out into the to provide a heating system for the islation, and was at it again in the morn­ darkness. building. Those who came could not even ing of Inauguration Day. He was touchy Looking, today, at that picture record­ take off their coats. The musicians were about this; he allowed no one to influ- ing an event now over a century old, one too cold to play. No one felt like danc- January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 727 ing. The food went untouched. By mid­ tiness or its shadows of tragedy, to be Even if funds are restored to the levels night, the hall was empty. The canaries? sure. But before another inauguration is reflected in congressional appropriations They froze to death. observed, we will have passed the 200th after 18 months, planning and develop­ Grover Cleveland's inauguration in anniversary of our establishment as a ment for new construction will have 1885 was the first for the Democrats in nation, making us the world's oldest lapsed during the moratorium and it will 28 years. Cleveland celebrated by not republic, other than Switzerland. This take a number of months to get moving using a manuscript for his speech, bring­ alone says much for us and our insti­ again. Furthermore, sponsors and build­ ing from Senator John Ingalls the re­ tutions. ers will have lost faith in the program's mark: Let us, then, reflect on this, during this continuity and will be hesitant to com­ God, what a magnificent gambler! inaugural period, a time for both sol­ mit time and money when the possibility emnity and celebration, for both humility of another severe cutback may still exist. It was also marked by the inaugural and pride. For our end is not yet in sight, In New York City alone, the Nixon ad­ ball being held for the first time in the and many pages of our annals are yet to ministration's actions will halt planning Pension Building, a mammoth structure be covered before the book is closed if and development of about 30,000 units which could, and did, accommodat~ indeed, that time is ever to come. ' ' of new housing in the next 18 months 18,000 guests. This time, to avoid the representing some $1 billion in construc­ confusion at past balls, letter sorters tion activities. Not only will planning for from the Post Office were detailed to THE PRESIDENT'S HOUSING virtually all new housing for low-, mod­ operate the cloakrooms, and traffic was MORATORIUM erate-, and middle-income families be strictly controlled. One entrance for stopped, but as existing commitments are guests on foot, or hacks; another for completed thousands of jobs in construc­ those with their own vehicles; those who HON. EDWARD I. KOCH OF NEW YORK tion and housing related industries will were staying only a short while, yet a be lost. third. Two supper rooms: $1, and eat IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In combination with the announced all you wanted, with no more than 500 Tuesday, January 9, 1973 freeze on new commitments for such at a time in either one. Wine in separate community development programs as rooms, to keep drunks out of the way. Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, in 1949 the Congress established as a national goal water, sewage, and open space grants, Theodore Roosevelt's inaugural ad­ and public facility loans, the moratorium dress in 1905 contained a strangely the provision of "a decent home and a suitable living environment for every on assisted housing is a clear indication prophetic cl~use, applicable in 1905, and of the President's lack of concern for the equally applicable today: American family." For 20 years this goal was largely unmet. In 1968, the Congress problems of America's metropolitan We have become a great nation, forced by reaffirmed this goal in more specific areas. If the White House is using these the fact of its greatness into relations with cutbacks as a blackmail weapon to force other nations of the earth, and we must be­ terms in projecting a 10-year national have as beseems a people with such respon­ housing effort of 26 million new or re­ the Congress to hurriedly pass its special sibilities. Modern life ls both complex and habilitated units, including 6 million revenue sharing program for community intense, and the tremendous changes units of publicly assisted housing. Yes­ development, then millions of families wrought by the extraordinary industrial de­ terday, Secretary George Romney in a through the Nation will become needless velopment of the last half-century are felt speech to the National Association of victims of this attempted power grab. in every fibre of our social and political Certainly, the Federal housing and com­ being.... If we fail, the cause of free self­ Home Builders in Houston confirmed a series of rumored White House plans to munity development programs need to be government throughout the world will rock continuously reviewed and revised where to its foundations, and therefore our respon­ place a freeze on new commitments for sibility is heavy, to ourselves, to the world publicly assisted housing and related necessary. The White House's strategy of . as it is today, and to the generations yet community development activities. These massive cutbacks under the guise of re­ unborn. actions threaten to destroy the hope to form and preserving existing funding lev­ els will not help achieve this aim and So, what to make of these quadrennial provide a decent home-for every Ameri­ can family. can only result in the most drastic events in the overall picture and pattern consequences. of American history? Some aspects of our Initially under the leadership of Secre­ Last week, I sent a letter to President inaugurations have had splendor and tary Romney, the Nixon administration Nixon protesting the rumored moratori­ pomp and glitter that would compare fa­ used a variety of programs and devices to um. Now that the White House has de­ vorably with the Court of Versailles under stimulate housing production and in­ crease the number of units for low- and cided to proceed with a housing mora­ Louis X~V. And, in contrast, there have torium, I pledge my full efforts as a mem­ been incidents of humble, touching sim­ moderate-income families. In fiscal year ber of the Banking E..nd Currency Com­ plicity as well. These things have been 1970, HUD-assisted new housing starts mittee to restore and improve the pro­ known in the past and I am sure we will reached 365,090 and in fiscal year 1971, grams which the President has so cal­ experience them in the future, in varying 341,400. Although these magnitudes were lously cast aside. degrees. insufficient to meet the pressing needs My letter to President Nixon of Jan­ I would think, though, that the most of the Nation, they did represent a signifi­ cant increase over previous efforts. How­ uary 4 follows: significant thing about them-past, pres­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ent, and future-is the pattern of con­ ever, by calendar year 1972, the number Washington, D.C., January 4, 1973. tinuity and stability that th~y convey not of such starts fell off to 250,000 simply as President RICHARD M. NIXON, only to the citizens of our American Re­ a result of administrative flat and not be­ The White House, public, but to the world at large. A major cause of a lack of appropriated funds. Washington, D.C. political question, one with effects rang­ This decrease represents in toto the loss DEAR PRESIDENT NIXON: On December 21st, of a city large enough to shelter 500,000 the National Housing Conference issued a ing far beyond our shores, has been de­ news release indicating that the White House cided for the next 4 years. It is possible persons. In his speech, Secretary Romney an­ was planning an eighteen month mora­ with certain allowances, to know the gen~ torium on the HUD subsidy programs as well era! direction in which the American Re­ nounced that the 250,000 level will be as substantial cuts in the Model Cities and public will move. maintained for the next 18 months Urban Renewal efforts. Although the various Those, then, are the two prime colors through the utilization of projects which federal housing programs should be continu­ in the picture. Surrounding them com­ a;re already well into the processing pipe­ ously reviewed and revised where necessary, lme. The proposed level will prove to be such a broad gauged cutback will result plementing them, adding those b~illiant increasingly insufficient as the existing in the most dire consequences and severe facets that mirror human behavior and housing stock ages and as more families dislocations. human hope and human failing, are the The Congress in the 1949 Housing Act put myriad of incidents I have only briefly are priced out of the unassisted housing forth as a national goal the provision of "a begun to recount here. market due to continued price increases decent home and a suitable living environ­ And, the overall picture should be estimated at twice the rate of the ment for every American family." This goal economy in general. has been reaffirmed in numerous legislative taken by us, this Republic's citizens, and actions and supportive appropriations. With­ by the rest of. the world, as what we have Beyond these considerations the White out federal housing subsidies, there will be a been, what we are, and what we strive to House's actions represent a break of virtual halt to the construction of new hous­ become. For myself, I find it bright and faith with congressional intent as ex­ ing for low and moderate income families. honorable; not without its touches of pet- pressed in legislation and appropriations. The projected ten year national housing goal 728 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 of twenty-six million units, including six tion disputes almost simultaneously with the gust 18, in response to an inquiry from the million units of publicly assisted housing, Teamster endorsement. Although Senator American Jewish Congress, Mr. Nixon stated will simply not be realized. McGovern had the most endorsements from his views on "quotas": I share the views of Not only will the proposed moratorium labor (eight of the major unions backed the American Jewish Congress in opposing destroy the intent of every Housing Bill since him-among them the UAW, Retail Clerks, the concepts of quotas and proportional rep­ 1949, but it will cause substantial losses of Machinists, and State, County & Municipal resentation.... I do not believe that these jobs in construction and housing related Employees), the erosion of traditional una­ are appropriate means of achieving equal­ industries. Certainly, the nation can not nimity damaged the Democrats. employment opportunities." More signif­ afford additional unemployment and the Mr. Brennan explained the position of ap­ icantly, a week later the President ordered dampening of economic activity in a key proximately thirty New York City unions, the Civil Service Commission to undertake a sector at the present time. Further, the including the Patrolmen's Benevolent Asso­ "complete review" of all agencies to deter­ moratorium will work a hardship on the ciation, the Fire Fighters and the Sanitation­ mine that no "quota" systems were in effect. many non-profit sponsors, private developers men's unions at 'fihe formation of the Labor And former Secretary of Labor Hodgson and governmental entities who have invested Leaders Committee for the Re-election of simultaneously circulated his own "review time and funds on housing projects based on Nixon: "We put our country first." A day memo" along the same lines-thus applying the expectation of federal assistance. earlier in Washington, seventeen building the same inhibiting principles to the govern­ I can only urge that the proposed mora­ trades internationals, accounting for 3.5 mil­ ment's efforts which require contractors to torium be reconsidered and rejected. Instead, lion of the AFL-CIO's 13.6 million member­ take positive steps to recruit minorities into let us work together to provide more viable ship, had denounced the McGovern policies their work forces. and responsive housing programs. as "unacceptable" and said: "We are con­ In any event, the hometown plans are now Sincerely, vinced that the election of President Nixon completely discredited by most objective ob­ EDWARD I. KOCH. will serve the interests of our members as servers. The reason is evident. The approach Americans and building tradesmen." is predicated on the dubious proposition that Accordingly, the Brennan appointment is the construction unions and contractors can a straightforward attempt to serve those monitor their own commitments to abide by interests-and to serve them at the expense the law-even though they have been among A PROFILE OF PETER BRENNAN of the more progressive industrial and public the principal offenders in the past. employee unions (like the UAW and State, Moreover, the plans do not even purport County & Municipal Employees union), as to deal with any of the institutional barriers HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS well as minority groups traditionally ex­ which the crafts have thrown in the way of cluded from the five almost exclusively white minority applicants. None of the plans re­ OF CALIFORNIA mechanical trades in construction. (These vises union-employer apprenticeship require­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are the plumbers and pipefitters, electrical ments as to the number of people to come Tuesday, January 9, 1973 workers, sheet metal workers, ironworkers into the program, the type of entrance exam­ and operating engineers.) ination that is to be given, the curriculum Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Wil­ When Brennan was questioned at a press that ts provided once an apprentice is in­ liam Gould, a professor of labor law at conference after his nomination about bring­ dentured, or the duration of the program Stanford Law School, has been writing ing minorities into the building trades, he itself. On the basis of most of the evidence for some time on government, minorities, said "I'm all for it." But he cited as proof available from litigated discrimination cases, his support for the Department of Labor's neither the content of examinations nor the the labor movement, and the role of law Outreach project-a program which admira­ nature or. duration of the training seems in securing full employment opportuni­ bly demonstrates the policy of "tokenism" as geared to the actual needs of the job. The ties. He recently wrote ar. incisive article practiced by both government and the crafts. effect ls to let in primarily those minority in the Nation magazine. I include this (According to AFL-CIO estimates less than 5 youngsters whose formal education and article in the RECORD: per cent of the apprentices selected by Out­ work attitude qualify them for college­ LABOR AND NIXON-MOVING THE HARD-HATS IN reach in areas where it operates are from whereas many ghetto high school dropouts the minorities-and in the mechanical trades who lack a background in algebra and trig­ (By William Gould) these workers are still three to five years onometry, but who could do the work, are President Nixon's appointment of Peter away from journeyman status.) Brennan's excluded. Brennan, head of New York City's building real attitude seems to be reflected by a state­ Finally, even in cities where voluntary pro­ trades, as Secretary of Labor is not merely a ment that he made, according to The New grams have been relatively successful as, for "political payoff." To be sure, Mr. Brennan's York Times, in response to the 1963 civil example, in Boston, the government has not oft expressed enthusiasm for the President's rights demands: "We won't stand for black­ issued reports or audits to show whether domestic and foreign policies demonstrated mail. We had that from the Communists and employees who are being counted as success­ sufficient political fealty. Brennan first the gangsters in the thirties." ful minority group recruits were actually gained national recognition when he led More indicting, however, is Brennan's working on a regular basis. demonstrations in lower Manhattan to sup­ antagonism toward policies devised to inte­ Nevertheless, despite all these deficiencies port the Nixon war policy in Indochina­ grate the trades by the Nixon Administra­ and the obvious willingness of most craft demonstrations in which a number of stu­ tion itself-e.g., the Philadelphi9. Plan. (Ac­ unions to devise such programs as a hedge dents holding contrary views were beaten up. tually this approach was conceived under against legal action that might be taken But much more is involved. The Nixon Ad­ Johnson but implemented by Nixon.) This against them, Brennan vociferously objected ministration is attempting to establish a is hardly surprising in light of the AFL-CIO's to the introduction of a watered-down home­ firmer foundation for its newly won blue­ position on the 1969 plan. Its concept, now town plan in New York City. One Depart­ collar constituency. In so doing, it has clev­ embodied in procedures established by the ment of Labor official said of his position erly widened the cleavage between the in­ Department of Labor for Atlanta, San Fran­ two years ago: "We couldn't get that guy to dustrial unions-whose leaders piously cisco and St. Louis, provided for hiring black accept anything-and finally when he de­ praised Brennan for the record-and the tradesmen in accordance with "goals and cided that some kind of plan was necessary, more conservative crafts, whose social vision timetables" devised by the Department. Al­ he shoved his .,pwn version down our throats does not extend further than the next wage most from the start, the AFL-CIO's civil through the White House." . increases for their white memberships. rights department has declared war on this The plan for New York that was finally For the first time since the Roosevelt New policy, choosing to characterize it as the accepted by the Department of Labor had Deal coalition formed forty years ago, the adoption of "lllegal quotas." Because of this no minimum wage, ran for only one year, unions in 1972 deserted the Democratic resistance, the Administration began a steady and did not oblige the unions to admit any Party in significant numbers. And for the retreat in 1970, relying on a so-called "home­ black employees at any time. However, the first time, the workers themselves deserted town plan" approach for construction work, firms which adhered to this plan were the Democratic standard bearer as well. A re­ rather than the governmentally imposed deemed "automatically" in compliance with cently released Gallup poll shows that 54 Philadelphia program. One obvious advance the Executive Order that prohibits discrim­ per cent of union fammes voted for Nixon--' was to be that the crafts would now begin ination by contractors and requires affirma­ 56 per cent supported Senator Humphrey in to permit minorities, as well as whites, to tive action to include minorities in the work 1968. come in as trainees rather than only as ap­ force. The defection of organized labor's leader­ prentices. (Actually more than 70 per cent Further, the Secretary of Labor-designate ship from the McGovern-Shriver campaign of construction tradesmen enter the industry is predictably antediluvian when it comes was heralded by the announced neutrality of through the "back door,'' i.e., routes other to any question of revising apprenticeship AFL-CIO President George Meany and I. W. than the formal apprenticeship system. The programs. A prominent liberal vice president Abel of the Steelworkers. These gestures were followed by active support for President only gateway for minorities is the more rig­ of an industrial union expressed his amaze­ Nixon's candidacy provided by the Interna­ orous apprenticeship program.) ment when Brennan stood up at a recent tional Brotherhood of Teamsters. Teamster Yet in early 1972, the chief of the agency Washington meeting of the Bureau of Ap­ President Frank Fitzsimmons was the only supervising this Labor Department pro­ prenticeship and Training to defend a fl.ve­ labor member of the Pay Board not to resign gram-the Office of Federal Contract Com­ year apprenticeship program for the painters last March; by a coincidence, the White pliance-resigned because of what he charac­ (Brennan is a member of that union). Said House announced withdrawal of compulsory terized as "illusionary and cosmetic policies •• Brennan: "When you see a worker painting arbitration legislation aimed at transporta- The retreat became a rout when on Au- a ceiling and you can see the paint running January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 729 down his arm, then you know that he hasn't more important, the AFL-CIO itself, which a nation that fails to meet the security been through a five-year apprenticeship they have dominated so successfully, will measures at or above the minimum program." make a significant contribution. Peter Bren­ standards of that convention. This Accordingly, while one can expect appro­ nan's appointment makes the question loom priate gestures, such as the establishment larger. power, like that given to the President, of more hometown and Outreach apprentice­ is permissive. ship plans, the possible appointment of a My bill also provides for civil penalties black trade unionist to the Department of THE ANTIHIJACKING ACT OF 1973 up to $1,000 per day for violations of Labor, and the announcement of a sUghtly suspensions imposed by the President beefed-up New York City Plan before Bren­ and authorizes the Attorney General to nan comes up for Senate confirmation, the HON. HAROLD R. COLLIER seek judicial enforcement of such sus- man is essentially hostile to equal-employ­ OF Il.LINOIS ment opportunity. Moreover, Brennan's op­ pensions. . position to the Philadelphia Plan, like that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Air Transportation Security Act of George Meany, apparently means the end Tuesday, January 9, 1973 of 1973, which is another title of my bill, of any imposed plan even where the crafts provides for the screening of passengers deliberately flout their legal obligations. Mr. COLLIER. Mr. Speaker, one of in air transportation and for an air (This, of course, assumes that responsibility the most important matters of unfin­ transportation security force, besides in this .area is not transferred from the De­ ished business from the last Congress is dealing with such matters as authority partment of Labor to some other agency, the problem of aircraft piracy. In an to refuse transportation-to those who perhaps the Office of Management and Budg­ effort to deal with this problem, last week et--although even if OMB got control, the refuse consent to searches of their per­ results would probably not be any better.) I introduced H.R. 99, the Antihijacking sons or property-and carrying weapons Indeed, it is interesting to note that the Act of 1973. aboard aircraft. While I respect the Chicago Plan, once hailed by both Meany Aircraft hijacking is a supercrime that views of those who have legitimate 9-nd .and Secretary of the Treasury George Shultz embraces several crimes: Murder, steal­ reasonable objections to such searches, as the hometown answer to the Philadelphia ing, kidnapping, extortion, piracy, and often based on constitutional grounds, I Plan, has floundered for three years and has sabotage. This highly dangerous activity invite their attention to the screening just recently been restarted from scratch. must be stopped and the criminals who One can properly assume that a policy of and searching to which people who con­ voluntarism will once again be the signal to engage in it must be promptly and in­ duct business or travel inside and outside avoid legal obligations. evitably brought to justice, be they hard­ the _country are already subjected. Another effect of the Brennan appoint­ ened criminals, youthful adventurers, Visitors to the U.S. Capitol and the ment will be to rescue those unions which publicity seekers, revolutionaries, or psy­ House and Senate Office buildings, the have been somewhat beleaguered because of chopaths. Supreme Court building, the White their performance on issues other than race. Ever since the hijacking of aircraft be­ House, a.nd the numerous buildings that After all, it is designed to please that segment gan, I have felt that stronger laws, stiffer of the labor movement most often attacked serve the executive branch are subjected both for its resistance to productivity and penalties, and rigid enforcement would to screening and searching. Americans work rules and for its jurisdictional squab­ be necessary if we were going to put a who cross international boundaries are bles. The establishment of wage restraint halt to this crime. The problem was com­ not only screened and searched· when machinery for construction in advance of plicated by the fact that seizures of air­ they enter other countries, but must be Phases I and II acknowledged the fact that craft owned and operated by American screened and searched upon their return inflationary wage demands in that industry airlines and the consequent danger to to their own land. While they may not were being emulated throughout the econ­ American citizens could occur while the like it, they submit more or less willingly omy by industrial unions and others. planes were flying over foreign countries Attempts to form a new blue-collar con­ as they realize its necessity. stituency do not stop with the construction or over the oceans, thus being beyond the Air travel has become less hazardous trades. Frank Fitzsimmons of the Teamsters jurisdiction of the United States. The in recent years as planes have been im­ was offered the Secretary of Labor position measure that I dropped into the hopper proved mechanically, safety devices ha.ve before it went to Brennan. He has switched shortly after the House of Representa­ been perfected, and pilots have been bet­ his Washington law business from the Ed­ tives organized for business is an effort to ter trained. Why not make it even safer ward Bennett Williams law firm, which repre­ remove some of the complications. sents the Democratic Party in the Waitergate by doing everything possible to prevent litigation, to a law firm soon to be joined by In a serious effort to curtail aircraft hijacking? White House assistant Chuck Colson, a prin­ hijacking, many nations have become Mr. Speaker, let us do all in our power cipal sponsor of the Nixon trade-union parties to international agreements that as the people's representatives to speed alliance and also involved in the Watergate are designed to deal effectively with the the day when aircraft piracy will be a matter. Fitzsimmons' dismissal of Harold problem. These include the Convention thing of the past. A stronger law is im­ Gibbons from the Teamster executive board for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure perative if we are going to prevent more because of the latter's support for Senator of Aircraft, also known as the Hague and worse crimes in the air. Legislation McGovern is another lli'ajor step toward Convention, which became effective on making the Nixon-Teamster relationship with teeth in it should be sent to the more permanent. October 14, 1971, and the earlier Con­ White House at the earliest possible op­ One by-product of this new Nixon-labor vention on International Civil Aviation, portunity. alliance is tha.t black trade unionists-­ also known as the Tokyo Convention. alarmed by the AFL-CIO's "neutrality" to­ Besides incorporating the security pro­ ward an Administration that is appropriately visions of the Tokyo Convention into the A TIME FOR CANDOR regarded as anti-black-rushed to the side legal code of the United States, my bill of Senator McGovern during the past cam­ would, if it becomes law, strengthen do­ paign under the stimulus of a newly formed mestic statutes on the subject of air Coalition of Black Trade Unionists. This or­ HON. ROBERT McCLORY ganization, though engendered by the 1972 piracy. The President of the United OF Il.LINOIS elections, is intended to be permanent. Ac­ States will have the power to suspend the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cording to William Lucy, the youthful and right of any domestic or foreign air car­ extremely able secretary-treasurer of the rier to operate to and from a foreign Tuesday, January 9, 1973 American Federation of State, County & country that is acting in a manner in­ Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, it is dif­ Municipal Employees union and one of the consistent with the Hague Convention. ficult for me to express opposition to most prominent black trade unionists in the The Chief Executive will also have the country, the group will try to work within the President in the handling of any the trade-union movement. But the going power to suspend the operations of any subject relating to our domestic or for­ will be difficult because the white unionists foreign air carrier between the United eign affairs. However, the President's de­ who switched to Nixon in such large numbers States and a foreign country which con­ cision to authorize extensive bombing of are upset by the r.acist issues which he used tinues air commerce between itself and North Vietnam above the 20th parallel­ so skillfully-that is, quotas and bussing. a country which is acting inconsistently following suspension of negotiations in The question of whether all this will undo with that convention. Paris-has puzzled, and disappointed what forty years have put together cannot yet The bill which I have introduced pro­ be answered. While Democrats can easily me. bounce back in 1976-certalnly the UAW and vides that the Secretary of Transporta­ Mr. Speaker, while there may have AFSME, as well as some other industrial and tion will, if he secures the approval of been justification for this type of violent public employee unions will remain part of the Secretary of State, have power to and destructive military action, I have the coalition-it remains to be seen whether withhold, revoke, or impose conditions no information upon which to condone the construction and building trades, and on operating authority of the airlines of this step. 730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973 Mr. Speaker, it is most unfortunate announcements are made, they tend to be pension plans were employed by the four that the President has felt unwilling or inadequate or inept, as the effort to blame largest corPorations: American Tele­ the bombing of a hospital in Hanoi on North unable to consult with the leaders and Viet Nam's own weapons. phone & Telegraph Co., the New York Members of Congress regarding this ac­ The White House Ir understandably irked Central Railroad, the Pennsylvania tion. A wide gap has developed between by the attitude of the more vindictively lib­ Railroad, and United States Steel. the White House and the Congress as a eral publications and broadcasters who seem Not until the 1940's did pension plans result. to think that Mr. Nixon is wrong whatever really emerge as a major economic and This gap appears to be widening and he does. But its reaction cmacks of vindic­ social force in our economy. When wage would suggest the desirability of prompt tiveness, and is alienating other newsmen and salary controls were imposed during communication on the subject of recent who might normally support the President. World War II, many companies began At home as in Viet Nan . Mr. Nixon has actions in Vietnam as well as the cur­ done what he thought was right even tho he giving pensions instead of raises to their rent status of negotiations, looking to­ knew his action would be unpopular. For employees, and used their wartime ward a final termination of this dreadful the good of the economy, he has vetoed bills profits to finance the plans. The num­ and seemingly endless conflict. and cancelled programs even tho he knew he ber of persons covered by pension plans Mr. Speaker, a most enlightening edi­ wou1d be denounced for doing so. Many of increased from 4 million in 1940 to 1O torial appeared in Saturday's Chica.go his appointments stress his determination million in 1950. Tribune-a newspaper which has given to hold down federal spending no matter In 1949, there was a tremendous surge President Nixon generous support whose toes may be stepped on. For this polit­ ical courage he deserves credit, not abuse. in the number of pension plans. That throughout his public career. The mes­ But unless he is more communicative and year, the Supreme Court upheld the Na­ sage of this edirorial suggests the desira­ candid with the people, the merits of his tional Labor Relations Board's decision bility of prompt communication between position will mean little. He will be like the that pensions were a proper issue for the President and the Congress--as well motorist who was right, dead right, as he collective bargaining. Also, the steel in­ as the American people. The editorial sped along-but is just as dead as if he dustry's fact-finding committee con­ follows: were wrong. The suspicion which now exists cluded that the industry had a social A TIME FOR CANDOR on both sides is not likely to vanish by it­ obligation to provide workers with pen­ Wherever President Nixon looks, he sees self, no matter how successful next week's peace talks prove. sions. erstwhile supporters dropping a.way, sympa­ Presently, private pension plans cover thetic columnists beset by doubts, and habitual critics ma.king increasingly wild over 30 million workers, nearly one-half charges. November's landslide majority ap:­ of all persons who work in commerce and pears to be wilting under January's freeze. PENSION REFORM industry, and have assets of at least $150 The White House seems isolated from the billion. These funds will probably in­ rest of government, the press, and the people, crease by another $15 billion this year. and the climate ts one of mutual suspicion. HON. TOM RAILSBACK However, such facts tell us very little The source of Mr. Nixon's present troubles, OF ILLINOIS about the ultimate benefits the em­ of course, is Viet Nam. The resumption of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ployees actually receive. While pension the bombing, since Dec. 18, has brought distress to friend and foe alike around the Tuesday, January 9, 1973 plans have been expected to perform a world, and now threatens to bring a con­ major service to millions of Americans, frontation with Congress which could be dis­ Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, every they serve far fewer than is commonly astrous not only for our foreign policy but American-regardless of education, in­ assumed and will continue to fall short for future relations between the White House come, profession, race-is confronted by of expectations unless greatly improved. and Congress. The situation cries for candor the same perplexing problem: How will The U.S. Senate Special Committee on on the part of the President, and for ex­ I support myself in my old age? One Aging predicted that only one-third ro planations which have been lacking. answer is to be covered by a pension two-fifths of all aged persons in 1980 will It isn't that there are no explanations for plan-a plan established by an employer, receive incomes from private group pen­ the administration's actions. Quite the con­ union or both, which provides cash ben­ trary. Mr. Nixon has achieved remarkable sions, and virtually none of their plans successes during his first term. In foreign efits for life to the qualified worker upon take into account cost-of-living in­ relations he has bridged gaps that existed for retirement. Usually benefits are financed creases. a generation. In Viet Nam he has reduced by regular contributions by the employer, The House pension study task force our ground troop strength to nearly zero. At and, in certain cases, by the employee reported that employees with long serv­ home he has tamed an inflation that was himself. ice, high earnings, and union member­ rampant when he took office. The campus The rationale behind providing pension ship who work in manufacturing, trans­ revolution of the Johnson dP.ys has s~bsided. plans is that the security they provide In view of this recc ~d. one can logically as­ portation, finance, and public utilities are sume that there are plausible explanations will encourage persons to be better em­ most likely to participate in a pension for the new bombing and for its ferocity. ployees. The production level will be plan. The persons who have a relatively Some have been hint ed at. Hanoi may have raised and morale improved because older short service, wl}o are unskilled and semi­ reneged on agreements m ade last fall. There employees will be able to retire. skilled, nonunionized, and who earn low m ay be a reason to know that a sudden and The first industrial pension plan in wages are those least likely to participate forceful jolt would persuade Hanoi that we the United States was established in in a pension plan. In other words, those are not to be toyed with. The resumption of 1875. At that time, the American Ex­ in greatest need in old age will probably talks, set for next week, suggests that this press Co. developed a pension plan which not benefit by pension plans. may have worked. There may be good reason provided retirement benefits to employees to urge Congress to keep quiet while the Just as discouraging are the findings who had reached the age 60 and who of the Senate Labor Subcommittee. The negotiations continue. Maybe there will be had dedicated 20 years of service to the an agreement by Jan. 20, the end of Mr. company. · following information which the subcom­ Nixon's first four years in office and a dead­ mittee released in the last Congres~ line by which he obviously hopes to have Railroads followed the American Ex­ clearly points out the fact that far too peace. press Co.'s lead and adopted pensions many pension plans are as evanescent as But in the present frigid atmosphere, these as a convenient way of mustering out the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. maybes may be irrelevant. Congress is enginemen and trainmen who were too aroused. It has been told before to keep In examining 11 terminated pension old for their jobs. By the turn of the plans which affected 22,000 persons, the quiet during negotiations, and the negotia­ century, unions began financing their tions fell thru. Sen. Saxbe, once a supporter own plans. In the 1920s, some local and subcommittee learned: of the President, has deserted. Sen. Mans­ Most participants in the plans have no idea field, sometimes a mild critic and often a sup­ State governments acted similarly on behalf of their workers. Passage of the that benefits might or could be reduced or porter of the President, now speaks in eliminated. They thought they were guaran­ threatening terms. Revenue Act of 1921, allowing tax ex­ teed. When the plans terminated, most o! the For all these reasons, :\Ir. Nixon has every emptions for employer payments to trust reason to want to bridge the biggest gap of funds, encouraged still other employers participants found that they could not get all-the com;munications gap at home-and any information about what pension rights to set up their own plans. they had remaining, or even if they had any to welcome closer contact with the press, However, as late as 1925, only 400 Congress, and other government agencies rights at all. which have felt left out. Instead, the process pension plans actually existed in the In nearly every case, the employers shut of withdrawal persists. There has not been United States. Further, about one-third down operations following a merger or acqui­ a ~ress conference since last October. When of the 4 million persons covered by sition, leaving many workers jobless. January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 731 Owing to the advanced age of many of the My bill also directs that a portability will be taken in the immediate future. newly jobless, employment opportunities, and study be undertaken. Portability is the 1973 rr.ust usher in an era of pension subsequent pension opportunities, were se­ system whereby a worker can accumu­ reform. verely curtailed. Further in-vest igation by the subcommittee late pension credits from job to job, and revealed that since 1950, only 4% of the eventually combine them into qualifica­ nearly seven million people covered under tion for one single pension. CLOSED TRIALS 51 pension plans had received any kind of The proponents of portability stress its retirement benefits. need in a mobile society. As one advo­ HON. BELLA S. ABZUG Another analysis of 36 plans covering cate explained: OF NEW YORK nearly three million workers, showed that, The possibility of small, perhaps miniscule since 1950, only 8% of the people under the benefits, the incompatibility of benefit pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plans had received any benefits. These fig­ visions, disproportionately high administra­ Tuesday, January 9, 1973 ures indicate an extremely high rate of tive costs, attrition of fixed benefits by in­ forfeiture. flation, withdrawal of contributions, their Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, last June, lack of utility for the disabled, and the non­ the Committee on Civil Rights of the It is obvious that pension plans are not participation of vested deferred benefits in Association of the Bar of the City of New subject to thorough regulation by the plan improvements, all argue for the desira­ York adopted a report dealing with the Government. Administrators need only bility of collecting the bits and pieces of em­ relationship of the constitutional rights to report. yearly on the structure and op­ ployees' vested pension credits into one more of public trial and free press. The report eration of their funds. There is no re­ adequate benefit, a benefit based upon con­ has been published in the November quirement for plans to be audited or in­ tributions which have earnings and growth up to the date of retirement. 1972 issue of The Record, the associa­ sured against loss. Workers' rights to tion's official publication, and I include litigate are virtually nonexistent. The opponents of portability base their its text at the conclusion of my remarks. The argument for pension regulation argument primarily upon the complex­ The question of closed trials has re­ was excellently illustrated by a Labor ities of establishing such a system. For cently received much public notice due Department official: example, how will the credits from plan to the closing of several trials of "politi­ In all too many cases, the pension prom­ to plan be transferred? How will their cal" or "underworld" defendants. Much ise shrinks to this-If you remain in good ultimate value be determined? healt h and stay with the same company has been made of a supposed conflict until you are 65 years old, and if the com­ The extensive hearings conducted by between the sixth amendment guarantee p any is still in business, and if your depart­ the Senate Labor and Public Welfare of a public, impartial trial and the first ment has not been abolished, and if you have Committee concluded that it is the right amendment guarantee of freedom of the n ot been laid off for t oo long a period, and of an employee to carry his pension press. This excellent report considers if there is enough money in the fund, and credits with him; but this is too complex the possibilities for such conflict, dis­ if t h at money h ad been prudently man­ an area, requiring exhaustive considera­ cusses alternatives to physically barring aged, you will get a pension. tion, to attempt any solutions at this newsmen from attending and reporting In the last Congress, I introduced a point. Because I agree with the commit­ on a trial, concludes that an actual con­ bill to strengthen and improve the pro­ tee's recommendations, my bill directs flict will rarely, if ever occur, and closes tection of participants in and benefici­ that a portability study be undertaken. by suggesting that-- aries of employee welfare and pension I also recognize the problem of fund­ we cannot foresee any combination of benefit plans under the Welfare and ing. Through the input of contributions, circumstances which would justify either Pension Plans Disclosure Act. The bill funding must catch up with accrued pen­ closing a criminal trial or placing involun­ had provisions regarding the duty of dis­ sion liabilities within a specified period tary publication restrictions upon the press. closure and reporting, and fiduciary re­ of time. My bill will require funding of liabilities over 40 years for plans in ex­ The full text of the report follows : sponsibility. [From The Record of the Association of the I also introduced legislation which istence, and 30 years for those plans Bar of the City of New York, November 1972] would permit an individual to set aside created after enactment. A classic example of the need for ade­ CLOSED TRIALS certain amounts of his income for his (By the Committee on Civil Rights) own personal retirement account, and quate funding requirements was that of receive a corresponding tax deduction. the Studebaker Corporation plan which The question of whether a criminal trial 1 began in 1950 and which came to an may be closed to the press and/or the pub­ Individuals would be able to provide, for lic has recently received considerable atten­ the first time, for their retirement where abrupt halt in 1964, when the company tion due to the closing of the trial in People their employer or their union does not stopped manufacturing automobiles in v. Persico.2 Indeed, the dramatic closing o! already do so, or in instances where the the United States. It was a liberal plan­ this trial almost immediately prompted (at individuals wish to provide additional vesting at age 40, after 10 years of serv­ least until the closing was severely criticized retirement benefits because the plan un­ ice. Of the 11,000 persons covered, 3,600 by the New York Court of Appeals) the clos­ der which they are covered does not pro­ were already receiving pensions or were ing of other trials across the state. eligible to do so. An additional 4,500- The question orf closed trials is but one vide sufficient benefits. aspect of a larger issue-the right of a de­ Finally, I sponsored a comprehensive with average service of 23 years-had fendant to an impartial trial versus the right bill on pension plans which is similar vested rights. When the plan terminated of the press to publish (and the public to to the Javits proposal which has re­ and the available money was distributed, know) information about a case. The in­ ceived so much attention. If enacted, my there was not enough money to meet the creased public interest in a growing crime proposal will establish a reasonable and company's liabilities. Only the 3,600 in­ rate, together with the expansion and pro­ fair basis for making pension credits dividuals eligible or already receiving liferation of the news media, has tended to pensions received their full share. The underscore this issue and dramatize the nonforfeitable. Under it, pension credits need of our courts to come to grips with it.8 will vest at 10 percent a 'Year starting 4,500 vested employees, including some Whenever an individual is charged with with the sixth year of service. Thus, after nearly 60 years of age, received an aver­ a crime which receives substantial news an individual has worked 15 years, he age of $600 a piece-approximately 15 coverage, there arises the potential for col­ will be entitled to a 100-percent vested percent of the value of their rights. And lision between the right to an impartial right in the benefits he accumulated over the remaining 2,900 employees received trial, guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment to that period of time. If he decides to leave absolutely nothing. the Constitution,' and the right to a free the company, or if his employment is Mr. Speaker, the 92d Congress is now press, guaranteed by the First Amendment.• to While some limitations upon the press have terminated, the employee will be entitled history. Theoretically, we are now off been required, permitted, or cited ap­ to some form of pension benefit when he a new start. However, since the last Con­ provingly in order to protect the right to reaches the retirement age specified in gress did not enact any of my bills-bills an impartial trial,6 we can find neither prec­ the particular plan under which he was which would have come to grips with the edent nor justification for so sweeping a covered. For example, if a worker re­ serious problems facing far too many curtailment of so basic a constitutlon&l mained with an employer for only 9 Americans regarding pension plans-I right as ls Inherent in closing a trial or plac­ years, he will still have a 40-percent am today reintroducing each of these ing publication restrictions upon the press. vested right in the pension credits pieces of legislation, with the hope and earned over those 9 years. expectation that more favorable action Footnotes at end of article. 732 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 9, 1973

THE PERSICO CASE did state that if such an action could ever However, sequestration, where necessary, is The trial of Carmine Persico on charges on be justified, only a showing that "it was nec­ preferable to the curtailment of freedom of conspiracy and extortion began in Supreme essary to meet •a serious and imminent the press. Court, New York County, on November 8, threat' to 'the integrity of the trial'" would Agreement by the press to observe "volun­ 1971. Shortly after the trial began, the New support it. The court stated that the stand­ tary restraints" in their coverage of the crime York Times, New York Post, and New York ard for closing a trial altogether (if this could and trial. Such agreements have been en­ Daily News, New York City's three major ever be done) was "similar to that required to tered into in a number of areas, among newspapers, published articles discussing sustain a contempt order," thus implying them Oregon, Kentucky, Massachusetts, and the defendant's criminal record, alleging that if circumstances surrounding a trial Toledo, Ohio.21 The Massachusetts agreement, that he was connected with organized crime were such as to justify closing it, they would which was made in 1963, states that "to pre­ and noting that his nickname was "Carmine also justify placing strictures upon the right serve the individual's rights to a fair trial, the Snake." The next day, claiming that of journalists to publish information on it news stories of crime should contain only a these news items would prejudice his client's and render them subject to contempt charges factual statement of the arrest and attending right to an impartial trial, defense counsel if they violated such limitations. The deci­ circumstances," 22 and goes on to list the moved for a mistrial. The trial judge denied sion recognized the need to protect the right following as behavior to be a:voided by the the motion after polling the jury and deter­ of the defendant to a fair trial, but stated news media: (1) publication of interviews mining that no juror had been exposed to that this can be accomplished "in most in­ with subpoenaed witnesses after an indict­ the articles; at the siam.e time, however, he stances" by warning jurors to avoid exposure ment is returned; (2) publication of the stated that he considered thE.' articles unfair to publicity about the trial and by instruct­ criminal record or other questionable acts and intimated that contempt charges might ing them to ignore it if it did come to their of the defendant after the indictment is be visited upon any journalist who published attention, and that "in extreme situations," returned (unless testified to in court); (3) information about the case other than what sequestration of the jury might be neces­ publication of confessions or purported con­ occurred in the courtroom. sary.18 fessions after an indictment is returned Immediately thereafter, all three newspa­ ALTERNATIVES TO CLOSED TRIALS unless admitted into evidence); (4) publica­ pers published stories and/or ed1torials about The benefits of public trials flow to the tion of testimony ordered stricken (unless it the judge's warning. These items also recapit­ public as well as to the defendant. The fact is identified as having been ordered stricken); ulated the content of the prior articles that our courtrooms are open to any per­ (5) editorial comment before or during a which had precipitated the warning. On No­ son who wishes to observe the proceedings trial which would tend to inflQence vember 15th, the next court day, the de­ therein is an important source of public con­ judge or jury; (6) publication of names of fendant again moved for a mistrial: alter­ fidence in the legal system. Constant and un­ juveniles without the consent of the court; natively, he asked for the closing of the trammeled scrutiny of the judicial process and (7) publication of any statements or trial to the public and the press, expressly by the public and the press helps to assure suggestions originating with pollce or counsel waiving "his First Amendment rights to a fair and diligent administration of that proc­ as to the guilt or innocence of the defendant. public trial in order to insure his Sixth ess, and to assure correction of it should that As was noted earlier, there have been three Amendment's [sic) right to a fair trial." The be in order. Not only does a public trial tend significant proposals made in recent years to court considered the second application first to protect the defendant from the evils of try to resolve this conflict between the rights and, over the objection of the government, "star chamber" proceedings, but also to pro­ of the defendant and the rights of, and pub­ granted it "in toto." s tect the citizenry from any possib111ty of lic necessity for a free and unhindered press. A group of journalists instLtuted a pro­ collusion between a defendant and an un­ These proposals were embod1ed in the Rear­ ceeding under Article 78 of the New York scrupulous prosecutor or judge. In addition don Report, the Medina Report, and the Civil Practice Law and Rules in the Appel­ witnesses will be less inclined to lie if their Kaufman Report. late Division, First Department, of the Su­ testimony is open to public view and thus The Reardon Report, which was adopted preme Court, seeking a judgment directing subject to possible contradiction, and pre­ by the House of Delegates of the American the trial judge to reopen the proceedings.9 viously unknown witnesses may be prompted Bar Association in early 1968, recommended The Appellate-Division, relying primarily up­ to come forward as the result of the public­ that pretrial hearings be closed on the on the 1954 decision of the Court of Ap­ ity attendant upon a case. The public has a. motion of the defendant upon a showing that peals in Matter of United Press Assns. v. valuable stake in the open courtroom, and material will be disclosed in such hearings Valente,10 dismissed the petition on the the defendant cannot be the sole judge of which will be inadmissible at trial, and which ground that the right to a public trial does when that courtroom shall be closed to the should therefore not be publlshed to a com­ not belong to either the public or the press, public view. munity which includes the potential mem­ but to the defendant.11 In a lengthy dissent, Moreover, there are many substantial and bers of the jury. In addition, it recommended Justice Murphy argued that the right to a. effective remedies, short of closing a trial, the use of the contempt power against any public trial did not belong only to the de­ which can be employed to give full and ade­ individual who publlshes an extra-judicial fendant, but instead required "the state in quate protection of the Sixth Amendment statement going beyond the public record a criminal trial to conduct the trial in a rights of the defendant without interfering with wlllful intent to affect the outcome of forum open to any member of the public with the First Amendment rights of the press the trial (if the statement seriously threatens 1 who wishes to attend." 2 He further stated and the public. The use of one or more of to have such effect) and against any indi­ that a trial might be closed only where these less severe devices should fully protect viduru who violates a judicial order prohibit­ "strict and inescapable necessity" 13 so re­ the defendant without in any way threaten­ ing the disclosure of information adduced quired, that this test had not been met in ing freedom of the press. in a closed pretrial hearing. the case at bar, and that the action of the Among those remedies are: The Medina Report, which was published trial judge constituted a needless and un­ Strict limitation of the extra-judicial re­ by this Association in 1967, took the view constitutional limitation upon freedom of marks of lawyers-prosecution as well as that neither the legislatures nor the courts the press. defense-witnesses, parties, and court at­ could limit freedom of the press with regard Before the appeal of the Article 78 case was tendants. to criminal trials and stressed the need for heard by the Court of Appeals,1' the Persico Delay or change of venue where pre-trial the Fourth Estate to put its "house in order" trial itself ended in a verdict of acquittal on publicity has been prejudicial. by adopting voluntary codes to assure that 5 all counts.1 The Court of Appeals neverthe­ Careful scrutiny and control of the jury, the impartiality of trials will be protected. less considered the journalists' appeal on its by voir dire and judicial admonition. Jurors The Kaufman Report, which was submitted merits and decided that the action of the should be instructed to disregard any preju­ to the Judicial Conference of the United trial judge in closing the trial had been in 16 dicial extra-judicial material which does come States in February 1968, made no recom­ error. to their attention and, if the court entertains mendations "at' this time" with reference to The court failed to reach the Sixth Amend­ any doubt as to the continued impartiality either restraints upon freedom of the press ment issue, finding instead that the action of one or more jurors, it should declare a or exclusion of journalists from pretrial hear­ of the judge had been designed to punish mistrial. ings and other proceedings held outside the the press rather than to protect the defend­ Jury sequestration to protect jurors from presence of the jury. ant, and that there had been no showing exposure to harmful extra-judicial material. CONCLUSION that the closing would, or was necessary to We agree with the suggestion of the Court protect the defendant's right to an impartial of Appeals 19 that this action be ta.ken only The Sixth Amendment right to an im­ trial. The decision distinguished United in extreme circumstances, for, as Justice partial trial and the First Amendment right Press Assns. on the ground that the action Kupferman noted in the Appellate Division to freedom of the press will rarely come into of the Persico trial judge had been directed opinion, sequestration means that members conflict. Even when a potential conflict im­ at the news media and designed to punish of a. jury (plus alternates) [citation omitted] pends, we cannot conceive of an instance in and chill their right to freedom of the press, who are performing a public service, many which the judicious application of the alter­ whereas this had not been the case in the times against their wlll but in the exercise natives and voluntary guidelines discussed earlier decision.11 of their citizenship [citation omitted], wlll above would not provide adequate protection The decision did not foreclose the possibil­ be taken from family and friends for possibly of the Sixth Amendment right of the defend­ ity that a future trial could be closed, but it long periods of time at considerable cost and ant to an impartial trial, and we cannot inconvenience. • • • Getting people to serve foresee any combination of circumstances Footnotes at end of article. on juries is not an easy task.20 which would justify either closing a criminal January 9, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 733 trial or placing involuntary publication what is essentially the right of the particular Polish diplomat, wryly reports that the am­ restrictions upon the press." accused into a privilege for every citizen, a bassador has had better luck with crime in June 12, 1972. privilege which the latter may invoke in­ the str.eets than with the wild dogs of Rock Respectfully submitted. dependently of, and even in hostllity to, the Creek Park. THE COMMITTEE ON CIVIL RIGHTS rights of the accused. A moment's reflection "Those dogs snap, lunge and bark feroci­ is enough, we suggest, to demonstrate that ously at us every morning until we out-gal­ Robert M. Kaufman, Chairman; Charles P. that cannot be, for it would deprive an ac­ Bergo:ffen, Eastman Birkett, Raymond S. lop them," says Weintal, adding that com­ cused of all power to waive his right to a plaints to the police have been futile. "They Calamaro, Michael Cardozo, Porter Chandler, public trial and thereby prevent him from Jack David, John R. Fernbach, Stephen J. insist they can't do a thing because the D.C. taking a course which he may believe best Humane Society won't permit them to shoot Frideman, Simen Golar, Murray A. Gordon, for his own interests." 308 N.Y., at 81. the dogs with tranquilizing guns." William Greenawalt, Eric L. Hirschborn, s. 11 Matter of Oliver v. Postel, 37 A.D.2d 498 On the side of wild dog diploma.my, Egidio John J. Kirby, Jr., Alfred J. Law, Marla L. (1st Dept., 1971). Marcus, Alan U. Schwartz, Donald S. Shack, Ortona came to Washington the first time 12 37 A.D.2d, at 504. Donald J. Sullivan, Susan F. Telch, Paul L. in October, 1944, when World War II was 13 37 A.D.2d, at 505. Tractenberg, and Milton L. Williams. still raging with ferocity, although Italy had 1' Argument took place on January 3, 1972, surrendered in 1943. Assigned to an economic FOOTNOTES and the decision of the Court of Appeals was mission seeking assistance in rebuilding 1 This report is addressed solely to criminal handed down on March 22, 1972. Italy after the war, Ortona also was negotiat­ proceedings against adults, and is not con­ 1~ New York Times, December 8, 1971, p. 57. ing a return of prisoners. He had intended cerned with juvenile proceedings. 16 Matter of Oliver v. Postel, 30 N.Y.2d 171 to stay two months but remained eight years. 2 New York Times, November 16, 1971, p. 1, (1972). He won over hard-bolled State Department col. 5. 17 30 N.Y.2d, at 179. negotiators almost immediately. 8 See, e.g., Sheppard v. Maxwell, 384 U.S. 18 30 N.Y.2d, at 182-183. "He is a professional," says one of the top 333 (1966); Estes v. Texas, 381 U.S. 532 19 Ibid. career men at State. "We rate him right be­ (1965): "Standards Relating to Fair Trial and :ao 37 A.D.2d, at 501. side the ambassador of the Soviet Union, Free Press," Advisory Committee on Fair Trial 21 "Prosecution and the Press," by Vincent Dobrynin, who has been the top professional and Free Press of the American Bar Associa­ Doyle and Hoyt Gimlin, 2 Editorial Research here for 10 years. tion Project on Minimum Standards for Crim­ Reports 481, 496 (1967). "He came here when relations between the inal Justice (1968) (hereinafter, "Reardon 22 Hearings on Free Press and Fair Trial Be­ United States and Italy were deeply strained. Report"); Freedom of the Press and Fair fore the Subcommittee on Constitutional He has remained to cement the friendship Trial, Special Committee on Radio, Tele­ Rights and the Subcommittee on Improve­ between the two countries and to win un­ vision, and the Administration of Justice of ments in Judfoial Machinery of the Senate told personal friends for himself as well as the Association of the Bar of the City of New Committee on the Judiciary, 89th Cong., 1st Italy." York (1967) hereinafter, "Medina Report"): Sess., p. 2, at 532-535 (1965). A small, wiry man, gray-haired and volatile Report to the Judicial Conference of the 23 This conclusion is not meant to question with a gift for rapid Italian-accented Eng­ United States by the Committee on Operation the right of the court to limit journalistic lish, Ortona is one of the best-known fig­ of the Jury System on the "Free Press-Fair activity within the courtroom to the extent ures on Washington's social front. Observers Trial" Issue (1968) (hereinafter, "Kaufman reasonably necessary to preserve decorum. say that he and his tall, silver-haired wife, Report"). Estes v. Texas, supra. Gullia, probably give and go to more parties ' In all criminal prosecutions, the accused than any other diplomatic couple in town. shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public They are special favorites of Washington trial, by an impartial jury of the State and charities and are often asked to be benefit district wherein the crime shall have been HONORABLE EGIDIO ORTONA patrons as they were for the Washington Per­ committed, which district shall ha.ve been AMBASSADOR OF ITALY forming Arts Society's recent "Salute to previously ascertaiined by law, and to be in­ Italy" fund-raiser concert at Kennedy Cen­ formed of the nature and cause of the ac­ ter. cusation; to be confronted with the wit­ HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO But when the Ortonas leave Washington nesses against him; to have compulsory proc­ to return to Rome, they may be best re­ ess for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and OF ILLINOIS membered by some for Ambassador Ortona's to have the Assistance of Counsel for his de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES single-handed confrontation with crime here fense." Tuesday, January 9, 1973 and the aftermath of that encounter. 5 "Congress shall make no law respecting In April, 1969, while Ortona was walking an establishment of religion, or prohibiting Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, I would in Meridian Hlll Park near his embassy, two the free exercise thereof; or abridging the like to call the attention of my colleagues men, their hands stu:ffed in their pockets as freedom of speech, or of the press; or the to an article written by Dorothy McArdle if holding guns, stopped him and demanded right of the people peaceably to assemble, in the Sunday, January 7, Washington money. and to petition the Government for a redress Instead of running or reaching for hls of grievances." Post about the distinguished Ambassador wallet, the slim, nimble diplomat began to 8 Estes v. Texas, supra (no constitutional of Italy, Honorable Egidio Ortona. shout in his heavily-accented English at the right to televise courtroom proceedings); I have had the occasion, during the men who turned and fled. Sheppard v. Maxwell, supra (number and lo­ last 8 years as a Member of Congress, The State Department called to congratu­ cation of reporters in the courtroom xnay be to observe his work, and he has been a late him immediately. Privately, however, limited) (dictum). steadfast champion for America and for word got back to Ortona that the State De­ 7 New York Times, November 16, 1971, p. 48, his own country, Italy. He has fought partment felt he had been "brave but fool­ col. 3. vigorously to cement the great friendship hardy." s Ibid., col. 6. Two days later · at Rock Creek Stables 9 A similar suit was brought in the United that exists between the United States where Ortona was preparing for his morning States District Court for the Southern Dis­ and Italy. He is a gentleman, a scholar, canter, a call came through from the White trict of New York, but it was dismissed as and an accomplished musician, as well House. moot subsequent to Persico•s acquittal and as a truly outstanding diplomat. This time it was President Nixon ready has not been the subject of any further pro­ The article follows: with praise and a promise. He assured or­ ceedings ais of this writing. EGIDIO 0RTONA: Wn.n DOGS AND DIPLOMATS tona that new measures of protection would 10 308 N.Y. 71 (1954). This case, which was be taken immediately to provide greater also an Article 78 proceeding against a trial (By Dorothy Mccardle) security for all diplomatic missions and per­ judge, arose out of the trial in People v. Jelke, It has been said . that diplomacy ts the sonnel in Washington. 308 N.Y. 56 (1954), a Cl'liminal case involving fine art of taking the wild dog syndrome out Sometime later, Ambassador Ortona was compulsory prostitution charges against the of international relations; of taming the war­ summoned to the White House. He and the scion of a prominent family. In that instance, like impulses between nations. dean of the diplomatic corps, Nicaragua's the trial judge closed the courtroom over the Italian Ambassador Egidio Ortona, who at Ambassador Guillermo Sevllla-Sacasa were objection of the defendant in the interest of 62 has spent 23 of his 41-year diplomatic the only two foreign diplomats present when ( 1965) ; "Standards Relating to Fair Trial and career in the United States, knows first-hand the President signed the blll creating the • • • the interests of good morals." about the wild dog syndrome both literally Executive Protective Service. In the direct appeal of the criminal case, and figuratively. "I don't know how much credit I deserve the Court of Appeals held that the de­ As one of Washington's most athletic am­ for these measl,lres," Ortona says with fendant's Sixth Amendment right to a pub­ bassadors, he starts hls day on horseback modesty. "But I do know that the new serv­ lic trial had been violated. The Court of Ap­ in Rock Creek Park where every morning a ice has been highly successful. There have peals decided the appeal of the Article 78 dozen homeless dogs snap at the hoofs of been very, very few incidents since it was proceeding on the same day, ruled that it hlsmount. created. Before that, there was some kind was moot, and went on to state that "pe­ Ortona's riding companion, Edward Wein­ of incident at least once a week." titions [journalists] are seeking to convert tal, a prominent newspaperman and former Washington's music lovers and musicians 734 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE January 11, 1973 hold Ortona in high regard for his contribu­ Ortona, playing along, escorted the children The handsome Italian Embassy, built years tions in that field. to his Fiat, drove them all around Newport before to resemble an elegant palazzo, was He plays the piano though he says that it's and made every stop demanded. "He thought closed during war years. So he worked at the debatable just how well. When he arrived this a huge joke," says Buchanan.) Shoreham Hotel. in Washington five years ago as Italy's am­ As the father of two grown daughters and a "The American government had decided to bassador, the press described him as "a son and the grandfather of three, Ortona have an Italian mission come to Washington musician." Soon he was called "a pianist." dotes on children. to discuss postwar economics and rebuilding Finally, he learned through the press that "When my first grandchild was born, I after the war's destruction," he says. "I and "I am a concert pianist." started the best career of my life," he says. four other members of the mission were en­ ln his delightfully inverted English, he When his diplomatic career ends in three gaged 1n problems of economic assistance for sums up his talents this way: years (Italy's foreign service has mandatory Italy." "I just know to play badly the piano." retirement at age 65), Ambassador Ortona. The longer Ortona stayed in Wash ington, But former Supreme Court Justice Abe will have the satisfaction of knowing that the more reasons he found to remain. The Fortas, who often fiddles to Ortona's piano he was the guiding light behind the proposed work was fascinating and chaUenging-"It accompaniment at Sunday night get-togeth­ new Italian embassy-chancery complex, to was a most interesting thing to try to en­ ers in the Fortas home or at the Italian be built on a five-acre, $1 million tract at the hance relations between the United States embassy, disputes such modesty. corner of Massachusetts Avenue and White­ and Italy. The results of the Marshall Plan "He's a true lover of music, an absolutely haven Street, NW. in Italy between 1948 and 1952 were so irresistible man-musicians both here and American architects will supply the tech­ good." in New York owe him a great deal. In fact," nical expertise but Italian architects will Ortona became a secretary, then counselor, says Fortas, "music in this country owes draw -qp plans that will include incorporation then minister counselor an d finally minister an enormous debt to Ortona." of all works of fine art now in the present of the reopened Italian embassy. His eco­ Fortas says that Ortona, "more than any embassy at 16th and Fuller Streets, NW. nomic skills were so valued by his govern­ other ambassador in Washington, has con­ Ortona is completing negotiations now and ment that he often represented Italy at such sistently held musical evenings at the em­ will go to Rome next week to confer with conferences as the International Monetary bassy. Sometimes he plays, and he plays well. architects. Fund and the International Bank for Recon­ Sometimes he invites American or Italian Egidio Ortona was born on Sept. 16, 1910, struction and Development. musicians to play. He has encouraged young in the small Piedmont hill country town of In 1958, he was assigned to the United musicians in New York as well as in Wash­ Casale Monferrato in northern Italy. Nations in New York as Italy's ambassador. ington." His father was a cavalry officer in the Ital­ He stayed in that post until 1961 when he He also has seen to it that his country ian army and close friend of Caprilll, inventor was called home for a prime spot in the for­ showed its appreciation to musicians by con­ of "the forward seat," a modern method of eign ministry as director general of economic ferring decorations upon such distinguished riding horseback. Predictably, young Egidio affairs. ones as pianist Artur Rubinstein and Eugene took to the saddle very young. He held that post until 1966 when he was Ormandy, conductor of the Philadelphia His musical education began at age 8 and made secretary general of the Foreign Min­ Orchestra. despite the seemingly interminable drilling istry, the top career spot equal to U.S. Under Ortona's next public musical appearance to learn his scales, he developed a crush on Secretary of State. will be Jan. 31 when he and his favorite com­ his music teacher. In 1967 he was assigned to Washington, panion at a double keyboard, former Assist­ At age 16, when he was a student at the again, this time as ambassador plenipotenti­ ant Secretary of Defense Robert LeBaron, local lyceum, he met tall, voluble Gullia ary and extraordinary. sit down at the embassy's baby grand pianos Rossi. He was two years ahead of her in school While he has logged up an impressive repu­ to entertain for Peggy LeBaron's Interna­ and so far ahead of her in music that she tation as a skilled and serious diplomat, he tional Neighbors Club. finally gave up playing herself. and his wife have made an equally dramatic His love of music has sometime been a "He was just too good for me," says Gullia impact on the social front in Washington. In challenge to hosts who don't happen to have Rossi Ortona. "It's uncanny how he can read fact, their social calendar ls so packed that a piano. any piece of music at sight." Mrs. Ortona said rather helplessly the other Former U.S. Ambassador to Luxembourg Music, tennis and dancing, which both day that "there is simply no time to sleep." and the U.S. Chief of Protocol during the enjoyed, created a strong community of Ambassador Ortana does not think in Eisenhower administration, Wiley T. Bu­ interest and in 1935 they were married. terms of missed sleep. In addition to his dip­ chanan Jr., whom Ortona visits every sum­ But before that, during the nine-year in­ lomatic duties and his music, horseback rid­ mer at Newport, found the ambassador dis­ terval between their first meeting and their ing and vigorous daily swim at the University appearing every day. marriage, Egidio Ortona packed considerable Club he has plans for still another activity. "We had no piano," says Buchanan, "so education into his young life. "If circumstances permit," he says, "I he went around to homes of our friends who He spent a year at the University of Poil­ may try fiying. I am always trying to do did. There he would be lost at the keyboard tiers, another year at the London School of everything I can." for two hours at a time." Economics and finally got his law degree at "Oh, no!" says his wife who had not heard The Buchanans ordered a piano so that the University of Torino (Turin) in 1931. of his interest in fiying. "I hate :flying. It the Italian diplomat could find all the musi­ He never practiced law but, instead, entered makes me sick." cal comforts he missed right inside their the Italian foreign service. He was just 21. Chances are that Guilia Ortona, who has front door. At the bottom of the diploma.tic career never been able to talk her husband out of (The Buchanans' grandchildren, some­ ladder, he started his climb by serving in anything he wants to do, will go right along what confused by the ambassador's informal posts at Cairo, Johannesburg, London and with this latest idea, just as she has done for attire, once mistook him for a new chauffeur. finally Washington. nearly four decades.

SENATE-Thursday, January 11, 1973 The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian those whose hearts are at peace with Maine, to perform the duties of the Chair and was cailed to order by Hon. WILLIAM Thee and their fell ow man. during my absence. JAMES 0. EASTLAND, D. HATHAWAY, a Senator from the State We pray in the Redeemer's name. President pro tempore. of Maine. Amen. Mr. HATHAWAY thereupon took the PRAYER chair as Acting President pro tempore. The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward APPOINTMENT OF ACTING L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT prayer: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk Almighty God, Creator, Preserver, will please read a communication to the Messages in writing from the President Redeemer and Judge, cleanse us of all Senate from the President pro tempore of the United States were communicated that obstructs knowing and doing Thy (Mr. EASTLAND) . to the Senate by Mr. Marks, one of his will. Give us clean hands and pure hearts The assistant legislative clerk read the secretaries. which fit us for service to Thee and to following letter: all people. Equip all who serve here with U.S. SENATE, a full measure of grace and strength and PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, PROPOSED EXTENSION OF ECO­ Washington, D.O., January 11, 1973. NOMIC STABILIZATION ACT­ with a wisdom beyond our own. Make To the Senate: us ministers of a righteous government Being temporarily absent from the Senate MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT and servants of the common good. And on official duties, I appoint Hon. WILLIAM D. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- when the day is done, give us the rest of HATHAWAY, a Senator from the State of pore (Mr. HATHAWAY) laid before the