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Wanderings in New South Wales, Batavia, Pedir Coast, Singapore Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2010 http://www.arcliive.org/details/wanderingsinnew01benn AUSTRALIANA FACSIMILE EDITIONS No. 115 The Libraries Board of South Australia is indebted to the Trustees of the State Library of Victoria for permission to reproduce this facsimile from an original copy in their possession. Adelaide Libraries Board of South Australia 1967 WANDERINGS IN NEW SOUTH WALES, BATAVIA, PEDIR COAST, SINGAPORE, AND CHINA; BEING THE JOURNAL OF A NATURALIST IN THOSE COUNTRIES, DURING 1839, 1833, AND 183*. BY GEORGE BENNETT, Esq. F.L.S. FELLOW OF THE BOYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, &C. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. I. LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET. Vutltefter in ©rtrtnarg to tw jftilajfstg. 1834. :s>v3 PREFACE. The Work now given to the Public is the result of a series of recent excursions into the interior of the Colony of New South Wales, at intervals of disengagement from professional duties, and at periods of the year best calculated for obser- vations in natural history. To this are added a detail of such incidents as appeared to the Author worthy of notice, while visiting Batavia, Singapore, China, &c. on his return to England. The writer in his narrative has limited himself principally, if not entirely, to the notes taken at the instant of observation, his object being to relate facts in the order they occurred ; and, without regard to studied composition, to impart the information he has been enabled to collect in simple and unadorned language, avoiding, as much as possible, the technicalities of science. London, June, 1834. — CONTENTS THE FIRST VOLUME. CHAPTER I. Island of Porto Santo—Madeira—The Desertas Islands Town of Funchal —The Physalia, or Portuguese man of war—Description of that animal — An experiment— Ef- fects of the Physalia's sting—Method of preserving the animal —Land in sight— Approach to the Cape Verd Islands —Islands of Mayo and St. Jago—Anchor at Porto Praya—The town— Famine — Novel method of Fishing Tropical trees and other plants— Valley of St. Trinidad The monkey bread-tree — Springs of water — Severe drought—Negro Huts—Plantations—The gigantic boa- bab-tree—Residence of Don F. Melo—The Orchilla weed —Date palms—Leave the island .... 1 CHAPTER II. Enter the tropics— Flying fish—Luminosity of the ocean Magnificent scene—Phosphoric light — Interesting facts in elucidation of that phenomenon—Albicores and Bo- nitos—A colossal whale—Sea birds— Gigantic species of Albatross—Description of those birds—Their manner of flight 28 —— Vm CONTENTS. CHAPTER III. Sombre appearance of the Australian coast—Feelings of an emigrant on approaching it—Improvement of Sydney Fruits produced in the colony—Extent of the town—Cul- tivation of flowers and culinary vegetables—House-rent The streets—Parrots—Shops—Impolicy of continuing the colony as a penal settlement-The theatre—Aspect of the country in the vicinity of Sydney—The grass tree—Floral beauties— Larva of a curious insect—The colonial mu- seum—Visit to Elizabeth Bay—Valuable botanical speci- mens in the garden of the Honourable Alexander Mac^eay —New Zealand flax—Articles manufactured from that vegetable—Leave Sydney—Residence of Mr. M*Arthur Forest flowers—Acacias—Paramatta—Swallows . 50 CHAPTER IV. Road from Paramatta to Liverpool— Arrival at Raby Farm— The opossum—Prisoners and free men—Advantage of being sentenced to an iron gang—London pickpockets converted into Shepherds— Suggestion with regard to the convicts—Leave Raby—Mr. Jones's farm— Cultivation of the vine—Sameness of the forest scenery in Australia Lose our way—Journey resumed—Gloomy appearance of the Australian vegetation—The tea tree—Colonial farms Emu-ford — Blue Mountain range— The Pilgrim Inn View from Lapstone Hill—Variety of flowering shrubs — A beautiful garden—Road over the Blue Mountains Picturesque prospects—A mountain station—Bleak air of the place—Our supper 84 —— CONTENTS. IX CHAPTER V. Our journey resumed—The new road—Road-side flowers— Blackheath—^The pass through Mount Vittoria—Talent and perseverance of Major Mitchell, the surveyor-general —Appearance of an iron gang—Leave the Blue Mountain range—Arrive at Collet's Inn—Resume our journey to- wards Dabee—New line of road—Aspect of the country Arrival at Mr. Walker's farm—Residence of Mr. Dal- hunty—Huge mounds of clay—Blackman's Crown—Gum- trees—Bush travelling—Encamp for the night—Caution to travellers — Cherry-tree Hill —A deserted station Encampment of Aborigines—The musk duck—Produce of Mr. Cox's dairy-farm — Mount Brace—Infanticide Custom of native women relative to their dead offspring Native practice of midwifery—Animal called the Cola Belief in the doctrine of metempsychosis . .104 CHAPTER VI. Cross the country to Goulburn Plains — A road-gang stockade—Splendid view—The old Bathurst road—Sid- mouth valley — Brisbane valley — Squash field — Bolam Creek — Turril, turril — Gum resin — Swampy country- Mr. Cowper's farm—Anecdotes—Distant view of Goul- burn Plains— Mr. Bradley's estate— Cross the plains- Hospitable reception at Cardross— The Manna tree— Failure in rearing the tulip tree . • .132 — CONTENTS. CHAPTER VII. Appearance among the natives of a disease resembling the small-pox—Origin and progress of that malady among the aborigines —Medical investigations — Plan of treatment Variety of forms assumed by the disease—Its duration The critical period—Dr. Mair's report . .148 CHAPTER VIII. Breadalbane Plains — Forest country— Cockatoos and parrots —Peculiar species of the lizard tribe—Medicinal trees- Bark of the wattle trees—Mr. Manton's farm—Picturesque view—Yas Plains— Encampment of natives — Stringy bark, or box tree— Use of that tree— Native method of cooking —The Australian negro— Game— The flying squirrel Human chimney ornaments—Cloaks of opossum or kan- garoo skins—Barbarous ceremonies—Women not admitted to the confidence of the males . .162 CHAPTER IX. Perch, and other fish—An elegant couple—Kangaroo dogs- Black and white cockatoos—Vegetable productions—Mr. O'Brien's farm—Herds of cattle—Bush life—Proceed to- wards the Murrumbidgee river—A bush track— Romantic country— Arrive on the banks of the Murrumbidgee— Cross the river— Swamp oaks, and other trees—Remark- able caves — Return to Yas— Superstitious ceremonies- Crystal used in the cure of diseases—Mode of employ- ing it 179 ——A CONTENTS. XI CHAPTER X. Leave Yas Plains for Sydney— Mr. Shelley's farm — Splendid new road—Mr. Barber's farm— Shoalhaven gullies—Inte- resting spot—Mr. Campbell's farm—Journey resumed Settlement of Bong, Bong — Bargo Brush — Profusion of flowering shrubs—View from the summit of Mount Prud- hoe—The cow pasture road—Farms of Mr. M'Arthur, and Captain Coghill—Flowers—The white cedar—Government hospital at Liverpool 195 CHAPTER XI. Second Journey into the interior commenced — Land of roses—The grape-vine— Foreign grain —Missionary re- wards —Bargo brush— Small species of Lobster—Another species— Snakes—Leeches— Mr. Button's farm— Proceed on the journey to Gudarigby— Native plants—Magnificent mountain view — Our repast—The laughing jackass — spacious cavern— Its interior—Black swans and other birds ...... 208 CHAPTER Xn. Native dogs—Their tenacity of life— Return to Yas Plains The Australian raspberry— Native cherry-tree^—The sum- mer season —Tree hoppers—Their clamour—Gannets Country about the Tumat river— Bugolong—The Black range—A storm — Vicinity of rivers—Native blacks Their costume and weapons—Wheat-fields— Destructive birds—Winding course of the Murrumbidgee . 231 —— XU CONTENTS. CHAPTER XIII. Devoted attachment of Women—Remarkable instance of this, exempUfied in the tale of an Australian savage Journey resumed—Botanical productions—The Munne- munne range—Luxuriant Plain— Mr. Warby's farm —The bell bird —Junction of the Murrumbidgee and Tumat rivers—Native names of rivers— Soil — River cod—Aquatic fowl—The Tumat country—Fertility of the plains—As- signed servants—A mountainous range—The Murrum- bidgee Pine— Geological character of the vicinity—Mr. Rose's cattle station 247 CHAPTER XIV. Wooded hills —Base of the Bugong mountains—Multitudes of the Bugong moths —Timber trees and granite rocks Snow mountains—Method of collecting the moths Use of these insects —Crows—Height of the Bugong mountains—The aborigines—Dread of ridicule in the females—Native fine arts —Lyre-bird of the colonists Destruction of kangaroos and emus—The station of Been —Sanguinary skirmishes —A fertile plain—Cattle paths Shrubs on the banks of the Tumat . 265 CHAPTER XV. Kangaroo hunt—Ferocity of that animal—Use of its tendons —The culinary parts— Haunts of the kangaroo—A death struggle— Dissection of a kangaroo—Preservation of hu- ——— CONTENTS. XUl man fat—Ascent of trees in pursuit of game— Parrots and cockatoos—The emu—The native porcupine — Species of ophthalmia, termed the blight — Leave the Tumat country—Banks of the Murrumbidgee — Aborigines Water gum-tree—Kangaroo-rat—The fly-catcher—The satin bird—Sheep stations —Colonial industry . 283 CHAPTER XVI. Flocks of pelicans and grey parrots—Arrive at Jugiong A busy scene—^The harvest—Quails and Hawks—Mr. Hume's farm—Domestic life among the settlers—Miss my way in the forest—Mr. Reddal's farm—Disease called the Black Leg—Mr. Bradley's residence at Lansdowne Park—Drooping manna trees—Christmas festival—Mr. F. M'Arthur's farm—Aboriginal tribes—Native costume Noisy revelry—Wild ducks and pigeons— Spiders . 310 CHAPTER XVn. Arrive at Wombat Brush—Animals called Wombat—Parched country—Road-side houses — Colonial English—Column to the memory of La Perouse—Death of Le Receveur Sydney police-office—The Bustard—Botanic garden —The aborigines —King Bungaree—The castor-oil shrub —Dis- eases of Australia—New Zealanders—Australian ladies- Prejudice against travellers from Botany Bay—Anecdote A fishing excursion—Cephalopodous animals—Conclusion of the author's researches in this colony . 329 ——A Xiv CONTENTS. CHAPTER XVIII. Leave Sydney — Rottenest Island — Colonial prospects — Voyage to Batavia— Prince's Island—The Java coast—An- chor in Batavia roads—The river—Alligators — Streets of Batavia—M.
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