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N 4P/? J Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE-. (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland COUNTY: NATIONAL REG ISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Baltimore City INVENTOR Y - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY D \TE ^-^i . j lO"^ (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) FP 1 7 IQT&y^ iv -A 'v - COMMON: ^c/ ~"^' vc.ij \o\ Westminster Preshyterian Church and Cemfitfvrv n 4p/? j AND/OR HISTORIC: WAStnrinstftT Pv<=»shv1"pTjan, Church 3nd West^rp Buryins Gro STREET ANQ NUMBER: ^"^ /'"" -"<^C 509 We»* Fayette Street Xx^me^-o-f ^reen^-StreBtV-^- ^^L1 1 \\^ CITY OR TOWN: CONGRESSlONAU DISTRICT: Baltimore Seventh STATE CODE COUNTY: CODE Maryland 24 Baltimore Pity 51Q CATEGORY . TAT1I . ACCESSIBLE OWNERSHIP 5 (Check One) >TATUS TO THE PUBLIC [3 District Q Building 1 1 Public Public Acquisition: (^] Qc< :upied Yes: j C Restricted n Site Q Structure (3 Private Q In Process Q y n<3c cup led A^J | | Unrestricted D Object | | Both | | Being Considered r i p re servation work i n progress ' ' 'PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Q Agricultural Q Go vernment H] Park Q Transp >ortation 1 1 Comments [[] .Commercial CH ' ne ustrial Q Private Residence [^ Other ('SoecJftr) O Educational CH Mi itary [3Q| Religious C6met [~] Entertainment Q Mu seum ( | Scientific ...xrrm....:. OWNER'S NAME: , , church: Trustees of the Westminster Presbyterian Church Maryland STATE- cemetery: Trustees of the First Preshyteri an rhnrrh STREET AND NUMBER: church: 509 West Fayette Street r.emfit.fvry! ?nn ]fl&*t M*»rH<:nn Str^t CITY OR TOWN: * STATE: CODF ...Baltimore MS TV i an H o/i COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: OJ PH-1 COUNTY: Li^nd Record Office of the Superior Court of Baltimore City r+ STREET AND NUMBER: * ' ' """" ~J imor Room 610 Baltimore City Court House CITY OR TOWN*: J STATE CODE CD H-n ~rt |MI Baltin}Qr§ Maryland 74 T1TUE OF SURVEY: NUMBERENTRY Commits] on for Historical and Architectural Preservation •""•urv^y Tl DATE OF SURVEY: 1965 D Federal O State (_] County ' ££] Local ( O O r| 73 DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: \ Z t3» Tl 1— * C/l C Commission fn-r Historical and Architectural Prps^rv^tiirai———————————————— </> STREET AND NUMBER: -a m O Room 402. City Hall r~Z CITY OR TOWN: ' STATE: CODE -< s DATE Baltimore Maryland 24 (Check One) Excellent D Good %% Fair d Deteriorated d Ruins d Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) (Check One) O: Altered d Unaltered Moved (XjXOriginal Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (iI known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Westminster Presbyterian Church,, located at the southeast corner of Fayette and Greene^Sfreets, was designed in the perpendicular English style of early Gothic Revival by Thomas and James Dixon and Thomas Balbirnie. The church is constructed of brick, with brownstone trim and very little ornamentation. The recessed stone entryway has two lancet panelled doors with transoms, set in a pointed arch surrounded with stone. There are three bays with pointed arch windows surrounded by projecting stone and by lancet mullions. There is a cornice of simple projecting stone moulding several feet below sloping aisle roofs of shingle A one hundred forty-two foot high tower with battlemented top is located above the central bay of the facade. This bay projects slightly, and the projecting pilasters rise the entire height of the tower, broken at four intervals by gabled buttresses and string courses. The church building is ninety feet long and sixty-three and a half feet wide; originally planned to be narrower, the design had to be widened to avoid interference with the graves. The windows are glazed with obscured glass, having finely stained heads. A balcony is located along the inside wall above the entrance, and an organ dominates the opposite wall. The church is built directly over part of the graveyard; some of the burial vaults and tombs are preserved intact in the church basement. Out­ side the church, the graveyard is surrounded by a brick wall (built about 1815). The Greejf classic iron-work gate was designed by the French archi­ tect Maximilien Godefroy, who also designed the Battle Monument and the St. Mary's Seminary Chapel; the two neo-Egyptian sandstone posts are toppec by a gorge and roll cornice. The Egyptian motif is continued in several oi the large vaults, lending variety to the headstones and table gravestones. The vault of James Calhoun is constructed of huge granite blocks; it is built in the shape of a perfect pyramid, in imitation of the tomb of Caius Cestius near the Porto St. Paola, where it forms a part of the wall of Rome. Another large Egyptian-style crypt is that of merchant John O'Donnell. The sealed entrance, with a triangular pediment in the center, is flanked by caryatids which are topped with a gorge and roll cornice and an ornamental motif. J.E.P. Boulden, M.D., The Presbyterians of Baltimore; Their Churches and Historic Graveyards, Baltimore; Wm. K. Boyle and Son, 1875, p.67. ERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) G Pre-Columbian | D 16th Century BJ3 18th Century G 20th Century [X] 19th Century n 15th Century D 17th Century PECIFIC DATE(s) (If Applicable and Known) REAS OF SIGNI FICANCE (Check One or More as Appropriate) || Urban Planning Aboriginal G Education G Political G Other (Specify) Q Prehistoric G Engineering ££] Religion/Phi- 0 Historic G Industry losophy | 1 Agriculture I I Invention | | Science LJ Architecture G Landscape ^ Sculpture U Art Architecture G Social/Human- [ | Commerce S Literature itarian [~1 Communications G Military G Theater | | Conservation [ | Music | | Transportation TATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Westminster Presbyterian Church was built in 1852 directly over the old Western Burying Grounds of the First Presbyterian Church, after a city ordinance was passed prohibiting cemeteries which were not adjacent to a church building or chapel. The construction of a new church was first planned in 1850, and was organized by members of the First Presby­ terian Church and the Franklin Street Presbyterian Church, under the guidance of Reverend J. C. Backus, pastor of the First Presbyterian I- Church. The first worship service in the Westminster Presbyterian Church U was held on July 4, 1852; the first pastor was Reverend William T. Hoge. On July 16, 1852 the church was formally organized by the Presbytery of Baltimore, and the elders were installed on July 28. The church itself is of secondary historic importance since it exists mainly to preserve the graveyard. A history of Baltimore Presbyterians published in 1875 states, "There is no doubt but what Westminster Church has been the means of saving the honored and historic graves which lie under and around it from desecration, and of retaining that hallowed spot for the sacred purposes for which it had been consecrated."^ The grave­ liJ yard dates back to the 18th century; it is the remaining area of the lot LJ purchased by the congreation of the First Presbyterian Church (through a committee consisting of William Smith, John Boyd, and William Patterson) from Colonel John Eager Howard in January, 1787. A great number of famous Marylanders are interred here, including many Revolutionary patriot and veterans of the War of 1812. The most widely known person buried in the cemetery is the internationally famous literary figure, Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849). Poe's grave is a major tourist attraction in front of the church, with a monument financed by Baltimore schoolichildren. His grandfather, David Poe (1743-1816), is also buried here in the family plot he served as Washington's Assistant Quartermaster General in the Conti­ nental Army. Some of the other noteworthy persons, civilian and military, buried in the Westminster Cemetery may be listed: (see continuation sheet) J.E.P. Boulden,M.D., The Presbyterians of Baltimore; Their Churches and Historic Graveyards, Baltimore: Wm. K. Boyle and Son, 1875, p.56. o J. Thomas Scarff, History of Baltimore City and County, Maryland, Baltimore; 1881, p.549. Arnett, Earl. "A Quiet Island of History." The Sun, Baltimore: April 7, 1969. p. Bl. Boulden, J.E.P. ,M.D. The Presbyterians of Baltimore; Their Churches and Historic Graveyards. Baltimore: Wm. K. Boyle § Son, 1875. pp. 54-70. Curtis, Bernard. "Crash Damages Historic Gates." The Evening Sun, Baltimore: September 19, 1967. (see continuation sheet #2) LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES LATITUDE ANJ2 LONGITUDE CQO_RJDJN A_T£S J DEFINING THu. CtNTER POINT OF A PrtOPERTY DEFINING- A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY 1ROF LESS THAN TEN ACRES CORNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds NW ° ° NE o , „ o . , „ 39 ° 17 ' 23 " 76 ° 37 ' 25. 5* SE ° ° SW » • . • '..° . L APPROXIMATE AC RE AGE O F NOMIN AT ED PROPERTY: ———————— one acre ————— — ^ —— =- ——————— «A |LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COU*f1\Y i^UN/&A«l .ES STATE: CODE COUNTY XT \3''^V^~jil~^^^/ ^ CODE rn m STATE: CODE COUNTY: ,L *"**"/ •"- "-"-!»«- u \^- \( CODE 1P/ * ^\ APR 3 1974^ff * V-| i«.*d \) STATE: CODE COUNTY: \ \ ^Tl CODE CS NATIONAL M tx» STATE: CODE COUNTY: Vv\ nLUI ° ' LU <\J/ CODE H \//x- -^x 70 <= NAME AND Tl TLE: O Joy<^ Mr^-lay flr>d Catharine Rlack ORGANIZATION * DATE H M?Ty1anH Hi ^tm"! m 1 Trust August 29, 1973 STREET AND NUMBER: O — 2525 Riva Road ——————————————————————————————————————————— z CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE CO Anna.no 1 is .............Maryland, -„„„„„„„ 24 As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na­ I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion National Register. in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the c-iteria and procedures set {S • J t/L- \^jf>-^^^* ^.
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