DOCSLIB.ORG

Child Labour in Ghana: a Study of Law and Policy in a Global Context

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Child Labour in Ghana: a Study of Law and Policy in a Global Context Child Labour in Ghana: A Study of Law and Policy in a Global Context George Nii Armah Clerk PhD Thesis Submitted April 2008 Department of Sociological Studies University of Sheffield Acknowledgement I am indebted to my supervisor, Bob Deacon, without whom this research would not have been a possibility. His tireless efforts and guidance throughout this research is well appreciated. I would also like to thank my family who have been supporting me in diverse ways. They include my parents whose vision gave me ~he impetus to keep going even in the face of adversity and my brothers, sisters, special friends and relations who have played significant roles in my life to enable me complete this noble research. I thank the children and adults who were interviewed in Ghana for consenting to be part of this research and for the assistance received from well wishers in assisting me in the field. List of Tables 3.1 Employment of Family Children in Cocoa producing Households, 2002 102 3.2 Illustrating Regional Gender and Age Variations, 2003 113 5.1 Occupations of Parents of Child Prostitutes, 2003 169 List of Figures 1.1 Major Export Items in Ghana 31 1.2 Major Imports Items in Ghana 32 3.1 Ghana Poverty and Locality Profile 117 1 List of Acronyms ACC Area Co-ordinating Committee AFL American Federation Labor BGMEA Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers Exporters Association BoG Bank of Ghana CD Compact Disc CDF Comprehensive Development Framework CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child CWAC Community Welfare Assistance Committee ERP Economic Recovery Program FCUBE Free Compulsory Basic Education GoG Government of Ghana GDP Gross Domestic Product GCLS Ghana Child Labour Studies GNCC Ghana National Commission for Children GSS Ghana Statistical Service GTZ German Technical Co-operation HDR Human Development Report HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICSCR International Covenant on Social and Cultural Rights IITA International Institute for Tropical Agriculture IMF International Monetary Fund 11 ILO International Labour Organisation 10M International Organisation of Migration IPEC International Program for the Elimination of Child Labour IRIN Integrated Regional Information Network LIC Low Income Country MDBS Multi Donor Based Support MDG Millenium Development Goals MOESS Ministry of Education Sports and Science NBC National Broadcasting Corporation NEPAD New Partnership for Africa's Development NFL National Liberation Front NGO N on-Governmental Organization NLCD National Liberation Council Decree OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OSCE Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe PAMSCAD Program for Action to Mitigate the Social Cost of Adjustment PNDC Provisional National Defense Council SAP Structural Adjustment Program SAPRIN Structural Adjustment Participatory Review Initiative SMO Small and Medium Organization STCP Sustainable Tree Crops Program UHDR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UK United Kingdom III UN United Nations UNICEF United Nations Children's Emergency Fund UNESCO United Nations Educational Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization UNDP United Nations Development Program USSR United Soviet Socialist Republic WHO World Health Organization WTO World Trade Organization 1111 Contents Acknowledgements Child Labour in Ghana: A Study in the Context of Globalization. List Tables and Figures i Acronyms ii An Overview 1 Chapter 1 Child labour in Global Context 4 1.1 The Globalisation of the Child Labour Problem 4 1.2 Globalisation 11 1.3 Globalising Policies; the Human Rights Agenda 17 1.4 The Globalising Economy and its Effects on Africa 29 1.5 Globalising Policies, Politics and African Sovereignty 36 1.6 Conclusion 43 Chapter 2 Child Labour; Global Views, Local Perspectives 45 2.1 Contending Conceptualisations of Child Labour 45 2.1.1 History of Child Labour 45 2.1.2 Theoretical Ideas 46 2.2 Emergence of Rights 51 2.2.1 Human Rights 51 2.2.2 Children's Rights 54 2.3 Universalism and Cultural Relativism 69 2.4 Notions of Childhood 74 2.5 Childhood in An African Setting 80 2.6 Conclusion 89 Chapter 3 Child Labour in Ghana; Causes and Consequences 90 3.1 Child Labour in Ghana 90 3.1.1 The Economy of Ghana 93 3.2 Type of Child Labour 99 3.2.1 Agriculture 99 3.2.2 Sales 107 3.2.3 Mining 108 3.2.4 Child Domestics 109 3.2.5 Street Children 111 3.2.6 Child Soldiers 115 3.3 Causes of Child Labour 115 3.3.1 Poverty 115 3.3.2 Culture 118 3.3.3 Child Abuse and Neglect 119 3.3.4 Poor Access to Education 119 3.4 Consequences of Child Labour 121 3.4.1 Cycle of Poverty 121 3.4.2 Poor Educational Attainment and Socialization 122 3.4.3 Health Problems 126 3.5 Conclusion 129 Chapter 4 Child Labour in Cultural Context: Researching the Reality 131 4.1 Hypothesis, Methodology and Framework 131 4.2 The Research Question Restated 131 4.3 Method and Methodological Approach: Qualitative Study and Interpretative Sociology 133 4.4. Preparing for Ghanaian Fieldwork: Context and Access Issues 135 4.5 Research Design and Methodological Considerations 136 4.5.1 Researching Children 138 4.6 Ensuring Reliability and Validity 139 4.7 Child Labour: Locating and Choosing the Sample 141 4.7.1 Three Child Labour Markets 141 4.7.2 Method of Sampling 143 4.7.3 The Adult Population: Setting Up Focus Groups 144 4.7.4 Selected Locations for Research 146 4.8 Fieldwork with Children in Practice 148 4.8.1 Challenges and Ethical Considerations 151 4.8.2 Analysing Child Labour 155 4.9 Researching Adults and Officials 158 4.9.1 Interviewing Adults 158 4.9.2 Ethical Considerations 160 4.9.3 Interviewing Officials and Ethical Considerations 162 4.10 Generating Hypothesis 163 4.11 Conclusion 163 Chapter 5 The Mismatch of Child Labour and Child Labour in Practice 164 5.1 Characteristics of Child Workers 164 5.1.1 Ethnic Origins and Residential Arrangements 166 5.1.2 Educational Background and Occupation of Parents 168 5.2 Why Children Work 170 5.2.1 Working in the Market 170 5.2.2 Working in the Mines 175 5.2.3 Working in Prostitution 181 5.3 The Livelihoods of Child Labourers 184 5.3.1 Household/Family Living Arrangements 184 5.3.2 Poverty and Deprivation 186 5.3.3 Child Work or Child Labour 189 5.3.4 Speaking the Language of Rights 194 5.3.5 Religious Heritage 199 5.4 Conclusion 201 Chapter 6 Poverty, Policy and Child Labour in Ghana 206 6.1 History and Practice of Social Policy relating to Child Labour in Ghana 206 6.1.1 Addressing Child Labour through Education Policy 206 6.1.2 The Laws Protecting Children from Child Labour 211 6.1.3 Anti Poverty Policy and Social Development 224 6.1.4 Multilateral and Non-Governmental Agencies and the Child Labour Agenda 228 6.2 Some Shortcomings in the policies on education, labour and poverty 230 6.2.1 Redefining Ghanas Objectives on Child Labour 232 6.2.2 Redefining Concepts 233 6.2.3 Child Poverty and Poverty Reduction 235 6.3 Alternative Approaches to Child Labour 237 6.3.1 Making Poverty History 242 6.4 Conclusion 244 Bibliography An Overview Child labour is a well-known problem around the world that is gaining more and more attention with efforts being put in place at all levels to help improve the lot of children caught in this phenomenon. Having gained international concern lately, child labour is no more a local issue for countries around the world but a global issue because of the growing realisation that there are common problems and concerns among countries in the world. The world economy in particular has reached a high level of interdependency, which has also led to a high level of interaction between people of various cultures and races. As a result, various ideas and concepts, values and norms are shared commonly among all people of the world. However, because of the influence of Northern rich industrialised countries on the rest of the world due to their economic, political and cultural influences, a lot of ideas have flowed from the north to the south. This has often resulted in the globalisation of ideas, beliefs and practices which are different from local beliefs and practices in poor developing countries. As a result, some norms and cultural practices about children's welfare in peripheral countries like Ghana are being questioned today because they seem to fall below the global standards being set by international/multilateral organisations which are largely influenced by core countries in the rich industrialised north. With the growing use of welfare indicators in comparative analysis of the well being of the citizens of countries around the world, nothing is being taken for granted now, as common standards are set and governments are being forced from above to adopt some of these ideals that have been propagated by the countries of the North. This is the current state of affairs for child labour and child labour issues around the world. The globalization of law through the adoption of new international conventions at the global level through multilateral organizations such as the UN, ILO and other regional bodies has set a new trend in dealing with national and domestic issues such as child labour. Child labour is not taken for granted as a regular and normal practice in many poor countries anymore because all countries are expected to abide by the conventions that they are signatories to, and the situation is being monitored constantly from above. In many countries in Africa there are efforts, some of which could be described as cosmetic to protect children from exploitation and abuse.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Tomato Industry in Ghana Today: Traders' Perspective
    THE TOMATO INDUSTRY IN GHANA TODAY: TRADERS’ PERSPECTIVE The Ghana National Tomato Traders and Transporters Association (GNTTTA) is a key informal economy player in Ghana. It is also a key player in regional integration because of its trade links with Togo, Benin and Burkina Faso, as well as the consequent massive flow of people and resources among players, partners and participating States, in line with ECOWAS protocols. The Association is predominantly female. Partnered by its transport wing, which is strategically located in Kumasi, buyers use the services of cargo truck drivers owned by Ghanaian transporters to buy from farm gates in Ghana during the rain-fed period from June 15 to December 15. From December 15 to May 30, the lean season/cross border trade takes place, with supplies coming from farm gates in Burkina Faso and the Upper East. The Upper East harvest periods run from December 15 to March 15, whilst production by Burkinabe producers run from the same period in December beyond May 15. In fact, this year, Burkina Faso stepped up production up to June 30. Regrettably, since 2006, supplies from the Upper East have been running low, until last year, when the Region failed to supply even a single crate to the GNTTTA market, owing to production and marketing challenges. This is in spite of a DFID UK intervention to step into SADA’s shoes and revamp production in SADA Zones nationwide and a media campaigns in that regard. Consequently, they have switched to soya, rice, maize etc. For the local trade, the GNTTTA collects its supplies for the various markets in Ghana from farm gates in Nsawam, Suhum and communities in the Fanteakwa District, also in the Eastern Region.
    [Show full text]
  • 20727 Report
    AA CivilCivil SocietySociety ForumForum forfor AnglophoneAnglophone WestWest AfricaAfrica onon PromotingPromoting andand ProtectingProtecting thethe RightsRights ofof StreetStreet ChildrenChildren 21-24 October 2003 - Accra, Ghana 00Organised by Consortium for Street Children In partnership with Street Child Africa (SCA) and Catholic Action for Street Children (CAS) Working collaboratively with its members, the Consortium for Street Children (CSC) co-ordinates a network for distributing information and sharing expertise around the world. Representing the voice of many, we speak as one for the rights of street children wherever they may be. Formed in 1993, the Consortium for Street Children (CSC) is a network of non-governmental organisations, which work with street-living children, street working children, and children at risk of taking to life on the streets. CSC’s work is firmly rooted in the standards enshrined in the 1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Its efforts are focused on building its member agencies’ capacity to work with street children and on advocacy in the areas of child rights, poverty alleviation and social exclusion. Acknowledgements Consortium for Street Children (CSC) wishes to thank our donors: Comic Relief (UK) and Plan Netherlands, and our partners: Commonwealth Foundation (UK), the Foreign & Commonwealth Office (FCO) of the British High Commission and Plan Ghana, for supporting participants to attend the forum. We extend our appreciation to Catholic Action for Street Children (CAS) for organising and facilitating the field study during the forum and for providing the valuable opportunity for all participants to have first hand experience of street work in Accra, Ghana. Our thanks also go to Taysec Gh.
    [Show full text]
  • LJH Vol. 29 Issue 1
    Ansah, G. N./ Legon Journal of the Humanities 29.1 (2018) DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ljh.v29i1.3 Acculturation and integration: Language dynamics in the rural north-urban south mobility situation in Ghana Gladys Nyarko Ansah Senior Lecturer Department of English University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Submitted: November 13, 2017/Accepted: March 20, 2018/Published: June 8, 2018 Abstract This paper examines the role acculturation plays in the acquisition of Akan as L2 among young female migrants of northern Ghana origin (Kayayei), in their host communities in the south. While the literature is replete with studies on the migration of Kayayei to urban markets in the south, many of these studies are concerned with either sociological factors or economic ones or even health. Very little research has focused on the linguistic dimension of rural-urban migration in Ghana. Under the basic assumptions of Schumann’s Acculturation Model, a socio-psychological model of L2 learning, this paper employs mixed methods (structured interviews, participant observation) to investigate Akan as L2 acquisition among Kayayei in three highly multilingual urban markets in Ghana. The analysis of the data revealed that whereas social dominance patterns do not seem to aff ect acculturation among Kayayei in Akan acquisition and use in the selected urban markets, other social and psychological factors, e.g. size of immigrant group, residence, and length of period of stay/hope of return to home origin which tend to result in limited/full integration, do. The fi ndings of this paper resonate with Hammer’s (2017) fi nding about the relationship between sociocultural integration of migrants and the extent of their use of L2, i.e., that L2 learners with higher levels of acculturation tend to have higher levels of profi ciency in the L2.
    [Show full text]
  • An Urban Assemblage View of Flooding in an African City
    Planning Theory & Practice ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rptp20 Becoming Vulnerable to Flooding: An Urban Assemblage View of Flooding in an African City Clifford Amoako & Emmanuel Frimpong Boamah To cite this article: Clifford Amoako & Emmanuel Frimpong Boamah (2020): Becoming Vulnerable to Flooding: An Urban Assemblage View of Flooding in an African City, Planning Theory & Practice, DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2020.1776377 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2020.1776377 Published online: 18 Jun 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 41 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rptp20 PLANNING THEORY & PRACTICE https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2020.1776377 Becoming Vulnerable to Flooding: An Urban Assemblage View of Flooding in an African City Clifford Amoakoa and Emmanuel Frimpong Boamahb aDepartment of Planning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana; bDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Community for Global Health Equity, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Assemblage thinking has emerged over the last two decades as an important Received 28 July 2019 theoretical framework to interrogate emerging complex socio-material phe­ Accepted 27 May 2020 nomenon in cities. This paper deploys the assemblage lens to unpack the KEYWORDS vulnerability of informal communities to flood hazards in an African city. Flood vulnerability; urban Focusing on Agbogbloshie and Old Fadama, the largest informal settlements assemblage; informality; in Accra, Ghana, this paper employs multiple methods including archival Accra; Ghana analysis, institutional surveys, focus group discussions, and mini-workshops to study the processes of exposure and vulnerability to flood hazards in these two communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Accepted Version
    Citation for published version: Agyei, YA, Kumi, E & Yeboah, T 2016, 'Is better to be a kayayei than to be unemployed: reflecting on the role of head portering in Ghana’s informal economy', GeoJournal, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 293-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-015-9620-z DOI: 10.1007/s10708-015-9620-z Publication date: 2016 Document Version Peer reviewed version Link to publication University of Bath Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact: [email protected] General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 06. Oct. 2021 GeoJournal DOI 10.1007/s10708-015-9620-z Is better to be a kayayei than to be unemployed: reflecting on the role of head portering in ghana’s informal economy Yaa Ankomaa Agyei • Emmanuel Kumi • Thomas Yeboah Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 Abstract The implementation of neoliberal eco- standard of living of these young girls through nomic reforms with its resultant effects on rural improved access to income, health care and asset agricultural economies has facilitated the migration of accumulation while their families benefit from remit- young girls from northern to southern Ghana to seek tances.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration: Community Consequences and Individual Migrant Experiences in Agbogbloshie
    MIGRATION: COMMUNITY CONSEQUENCES AND INDIVIDUAL MIGRANT EXPERIENCES IN AGBOGBLOSHIE BY YAJALIN EBOTUI JOHN (B.A. POLITICAL SCIENCE) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING, KWAME NKRUMAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, KUMASI IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES JUNE, 2015. DECLARATION I, Yajalin Ebotui John, do hereby declare that this thesis is my own submission towards the Master of Philosophy in Development Studies and, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published by another person nor material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree of the university or any institution of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. YAJALIN EBOTUI JOHN ………….………… ……………… (PG8379812) SIGNATURE DATE CERTIFIED BY: DR. RONALD ADAMTEY ……………………. ……………... (SUPERVISOR) SIGNATURE DATE CERTIFIED BY: DR. DANIEL K. B. INKOOM ……………………. ……………... (HEAD OF DEPARTMENT) SIGNATURE DATE i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I owe the highest gratitude to the creator of all things who I personally believe has seen me through to the successful completion of this thesis. I thank Him for favour of life and the grace to conduct this work in spirit of humility against many odds. I want to render my sincerest thanks and deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Ronald Adamtey for his immense support in my journey. Without any form and shape, Dr. Ronald’s comments and responses pushed the limits of my thinking to enable me arrive at this destination. I acknowledge with sincerest appreciation Prof. K. K. Adarkwa’s input and contribution to the success of this thesis project.
    [Show full text]
  • From Europe, to the Agbogbloshie Scrapyard
    Peace and Development Studies 2FU33E From Europe, to the Agbogbloshie Scrapyard By: Simon Strand C Thesis Supervisor: Lennart Wohlgemuth Abstract The challenge of sound e-waste treatment is something that is a global concern when relating to good business practices, safe working conditions, information security and environment. This research applies a holistic view of the illegal trade of e-waste from Europe to Ghana by aiming to highlight some of its drivers. By applying an adapted RV-model to identify the actors engaged in smuggling and rational choice theory to analyse market incentives this research identifies legal and procedural weaknesses that enable the illegal shipment of e- waste. The actors identified to target West Africa was in general smaller groups. These groups have established routes and transit points that complicate the international coordination of enforcers and inhibit their capacity to build strong cases against criminals. They target countries within the EU with limited enforcement capacity, high shipping volumes and low penalty rates for environmental crimes to exploit the domestic responsibility of enforcement and sentencing. They also mask e-waste as used electronics which is not heavily regulated and for which there is a strong Ghanaian market demand and employs a large number of workers in the informal sector, with the supply chain with an estimated 200,000 people employed. The main problems identified was enforcement procedures, international and domestic coordination, relative cost for formal recycling, lack of alternatives for workers and officials as well lack of deterring sentencing. This has led to secondary effects such as poor environmental and health protection as well as physical- and data-security.
    [Show full text]
  • The Avenues of Social and Economic Empowerment for Women in Ghana’S Poor Urban Settlements
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Master's Theses Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects Winter 12-14-2018 The veA nues of Social and Economic Empowerment for Women in Ghana's Poor Urban Settlements Comfort Amoah University of San Francisco, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes Part of the Africana Studies Commons, Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Amoah, Comfort, "The vA enues of Social and Economic Empowerment for Women in Ghana's Poor Urban Settlements" (2018). Master's Theses. 1179. https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/1179 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Avenues of Social and Economic Empowerment for Women in Ghana’s Poor Urban Settlements. In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS in INTERNATIONAL STUDIES by [Amoah Comfort] November 20, 2018 UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO Under the guidance and approval of the committee, and approval by all the members, this thesis project has
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Accra and Kumasi, Ghana
    The Informal Sector in Ghana under Siege Abst rac t In order to develop effective policies to improve conditions for people working in the informal sector of the economy, it is crucial to understand how that sector arises, operates and relates to the state. This paper analyses the informal sec tor in Ghana from this perspec tive, drawing insight from a wide range of sources such as radio and newspaper accounts to overcome the dearth of official information on the subject. The analysis shows the limits of various approaches that have aimed at revamping the informal sector. It puts the case for a more comprehensive approach to the informal sector than has been evident in previous policies towards the urban economy. Key words = Urban, Slum, Informal economy, forc ed evic tion, Ghana 2 The Local Context The roar of bulldozers, the clutter of the hammer, the rant of armed policemen, the screams of women, the wails of men and the tears of children – these are the ima ge s o f forced eviction1 in urban Ghana. Mayors looking on unconcerned and journalists assaulted for trying to report on the evictions s o me t ime s complete the picture. The massive number of people who live in slums and work in the informal economy in Ghana live in constant fear of forced eviction. Outside their homes, they are chased away from the streets and sidewalks where they eke out a living. At work and at home, those in the informal sector are under recurrent attack. The precarious existence of these marginalised people deserves careful study because it has become chronic, attained pandemic proportions and has implications for governance in Ghana.
    [Show full text]
  • Members' Profile
    MEMBERS’ PROFILE The Leading Voice of the private sector MEMBERS’ PROFILE The Leading Voice of the private sector Members’ Profile | 3 1 DANPONG HEALTHCARE LTD 67 Nungua Link, Spintex Road, Baatsona, Accra-Ghana COMPANY PROFILE What has grown to become the Danpong Group of Companies started as Danpong Pharmacy (GH) Ltd in September 1989, when Dr. Yaw Adu Gyamfi (Dr. Danpong) formed his initial pharmacy supply company. He launched his first pharmacy shop at Nungua in 1991 with only eight workers, toiling from 7am to 11pm – and often after hours – to build a community pharmacy that was loved by the people of Nungua. In October 1999, Dr Gyamfi expanded his business and set up a bigger pharmacy, a 15-bed clinic, and a modern medical lab at Baatsona, on Spintex Dr. Yaw Adu Gyamfi Road. CEO Through hard work, the sale of quality drugs and high health standards, the Danpong Group became widely known, with loyal customers coming from the nearby community and even further afield, with many referrals from various clinics and hospitals in Ghana. In 2005, Dr Gyamfi also started Danadams Pharmaceuticals Ltd, which focused on manufacturing and selling antiretroviral agents for HIV treatment, and anti-malarial medications. 4 | Members’ Profile Throughout its existence, the Danpong Group has As a company, we are committed to a vision of been committed to promoting good health. In the raising the standard of healthcare in Ghana, where past few years, the company has organized various our services are motivated by quality, affordability, health campaigns and medical screenings for the accessibility, and excellence in all we do.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Report 2014/2015
    ORIDOffice of Research, Innovation & Development UNIVERSITY OF GHANA RESEARCH REPORT 2014/2015 University of Ghana Research Report 2014/2015 1 CONTENT 2 University of Ghana Research Report 2014/2015 CONTENT 3 FOREWORD 75 MAJOR RESEARCH INITIATIVES 4 VICE CHANCELLOR, PROFESSOR ERNEST 75 UG Four Research Centres of Excellence ARYEETEY’S MESSAGE 79 University of Ghana Readers Series 5 PRO-VICE CHANCELLOR, PROFESSOR JOHN GYAPONG’S MESSAGE 81 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WITHIN INSTITUTES AND CENTRES 6 UG RESEARCH SNAPSHOT 81 Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research 10 OFFICE OF RESEARCH, INNOVATION AND (NMIMR) DEVELOPMENT (ORID) 91 West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious 11 Research and Grant Management Services Pathogens (WACCBIP) 32 Capacity Building 92 West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI) 46 Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer 94 Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research 49 Ethics and Research Dissemination (ISSER) 51 External Funds 102 Institute of Applied Science and Technology (IAST) 105 Institute of African Studies (IAS) 54 INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH AND PLANNING OFFICE 106 Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies (IESS) 54 Policy and Planning Analysis 108 Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS) 55 Institutional Research 113 Centre for Migration Studies (CMS) 55 Institutional Assessment 116 Centre for Social Policy Studies (CSPS) 119 Legon Centre for International Affairs and Diplomacy 56 FELLOWSHIPS (LECIAD) 56 Post-Doctoral Fellowships 119 Centre for Tropical Clinical Pharmacology
    [Show full text]
  • Horizontal Price Transmission in Ghana: - an Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM)
    Horizontal Price Transmission in Ghana: - An Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM). Ing Bangmarigu Emmanuel, PhD Candidate, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra (Corresponding Author) [email protected] Department of Economic policy Trieda Andreja Hlinku 609, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic Jan Pocrivcak, Professor, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra Miroslava Rajcaniova, Professor, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra Artan Qineti, Professor, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra Abstract The objective of this paper is to (i) Examine the statistical relationship between world food prices and domestic food prices in Ghana. (ii) Investigate how price transmission changes before and during the Planting for Food and Jobs programme. To ensure self-sufficiency in food production and to reduce the vulnerability of Agricultural commodity price volatilities, the government of Ghana introduced the flagship programme the Planting for Food and Jobs (PFJ) programme in 2017, to revamp the declining growth of the agricultural sector in Ghana. Using Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM), we employed monthly time series data of World and local retail market prices of Maize and Rice (local and import) from the World bank source and the Statistics, Research and Information Directorate (SRID) of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in Ghana for the period 01st January, 2009 to 31st, December 2019. Our empirical findings revealed a heterogeneous long run causality with respect to positive and negative shocks. We experienced a long run relationship among local and world rice prices in the period before the PFJ, while the times series in the period during PFJ are much more interconnected and we find three cointegration relationships.
    [Show full text]