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Nærmest En Leg. En Undersøgelse Af Sprog Og Interaktion I Dansk Webchat

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Nærmest En Leg. En Undersøgelse Af Sprog Og Interaktion I Dansk Webchat Nærmest en leg En undersøgelse af sprog og interaktion i dansk webchat © Tina Thode Hougaard Ph.d.-afhandling Nordisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet Vejleder: Ole Togeby, Nordisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet Bivejleder: Jakob Steensig, Institut for Antropologi, Arkæologi og Lingvistik, Aarhus Universitet Indleveret til bedømmelse maj 2004 i FORORD Inden man går i gang med at læse denne afhandling om sprog og interaktion i dansk webchat, vil det være en fordel at have prøvet at chatte. Jeg forklarer ganske vist hvad chat er, men som med så mange andre fænomener, vokser også forståelsen af chat i takt med at man som deltager gør sine erfaringer. Jeg citerer flittigt i afhandlingen fra datamaterialet, men en papirudgave af chat gengiver kun i ringe grad den oplevelse det er at chatte. Om mine eksempler kan jeg desuden anføre at det alle stammer fra Opasiachat.dk i 2000, men ikke fremtræder ens. Som en del af mit pilotprojekt loggede jeg selv chatten i logfilerne AS 31.3, 5.5, 12.5 og 24.5 direkte fra skærmen. Som en form for læservejledning vil jeg derfor forklare at eftersom et nyt indlæg placeres øverst på skærmen, bevirker det at indlæggene i disse logfiler står i omvendt rækkefølge og altså skal læses bagfra. Jeg har dog, når jeg citerer disse logfiler inde i afhandlingen, vendt dem om, så de der optræder kronologisk rigtigt, men linjenummereringen er bevaret, så det første indlæg har det højeste nummer og så fremdeles. Disse logfiler fremtræder i øvrigt som de gjorde på skærmen på logningstidspunktet, mens de øvrige logfiler, dvs. AS.18.10, 13.11, 28.11 og AU 18.10, 13.11, 28.11, i datamaterialet optræder med koder for farver, skrifttyper og markering med fed og kursiv. Disse koder er ligeledes konverteret til det rigtige udtryk inden i afhandlingen. Da det er en afhandling rig på eksempler og henvisninger til disse eksempler har jeg i nedenstående tegnforklaring kort redegjort for hvilken henvisningsnotation jeg har anvendt: Følgende tegn anvendes i denne afhandling med en bestemt betydning: kursivering foruden til markering af titler på bøger og tidsskrifter til at markere at det kursiverede står materialiter og er hentet fra eksempelmaterialet. Deltagernes nicks er udelukkende kursiveret når deres lingvistiske materiale er genstand for analyse. anførselstegn ”” 1. til markering af at det anførte står materialiter, men ikke er hentet fra eksempelmaterialet. 2. til markering af citat i brødteksten (efterfølges af forfatter, årstal og sidetal). 3. til markering af forbehold over for brugen af bestemte ord. ii Når jeg nu sætter punktum efter godt 3 års arbejde, sker det med hjælp fra flere forskellige som jeg her gerne vil benytte lejligheden til at takke. Tak til De chattere på Andre Seniorer og Andre Unge der velvilligt har ladet sig udspørge og udforske, specielt Quims, Gitte38 og JIK, der har indviet mig i en ny virtuel verden. Mine vejledere, Ole Togeby og Jakob Steensig, for konstruktiv kritik og forståelse. Også tak for at sende mig ud på dybt vand – med en redningskrans i baghånden. Nordisk Institut for i godt tre år at have stillet mange gode faciliteter til rådighed. Sproglærerne på Nordisk Institut for på sproglærermøderne at lytte og inspirere. Ph.d.-ere og vejledere i Forskerskole Nord for gang på gang at lægge øre til nye problemstillinger. Henrik Jørgensen for læsning af råmanuskript. Mette Velling og Ditte Laursen for korrekturlæsning af den endelige afhandling. Mine børn, Gunvor, Freja og Asbjørn, der længe og tålmodigt har glædet sig til at se ”den bog mor er ved at skrive” - og til at se lidt mere til hende. Min mand, Leif, der alle årene tålmodigt og kærligt har bakket mig op - og sørget for at jeg ikke gået fra forstanden i denne skrivemaraton. Århus 19. maj 2004 Tina Thode Hougaard iii I INDLEDNING – LOG ON ........................................................................................................... 1 I.1 Undersøgelsesspørgsmål ................................................................................................... 3 I.2 Problemfelt ........................................................................................................................ 4 I.2.1 Metodevalg ...................................................................................................................... 4 I.2.2 Teorifelt ........................................................................................................................... 5 I.3 Afhandlingens opbygning ................................................................................................. 7 II TEORETISK RAMME ................................................................................................................ 9 II.1 Computermedieret kommunikation ................................................................................. 9 II.1.1 CMC og sociale handlinger ......................................................................................... 10 II.1.2 CMC og mediering ...................................................................................................... 14 II.1.3 CMC og sproget som aktør .......................................................................................... 16 II.2 Interaktionssituationen i chat ......................................................................................... 20 II.2.1 Ny teknologi – nye vilkår ............................................................................................ 22 II.2.2 Den spatiotemporale udfordring .................................................................................. 25 II.2.3 Refrænet er frit ............................................................................................................. 32 II.3 Vibrerende brudflader .................................................................................................... 35 II.3.1 Et hybrid eller et tredje medium? ................................................................................ 35 II.3.2 Virtualisering og anonymitet ....................................................................................... 42 II.3.3 Chat som leg ................................................................................................................ 46 II.4 Opsamling ...................................................................................................................... 49 III. UNDERSØGELSESDESIGN ................................................................................................. 51 III.1 Metode .......................................................................................................................... 51 III.1.1 Pilotprojektet .............................................................................................................. 51 Chattyper ........................................................................................................................... 52 Indsamling ......................................................................................................................... 52 Etik og jura ........................................................................................................................ 53 Orientering i metoder og teorier ....................................................................................... 57 Analysekategorier .............................................................................................................. 58 Evaluering af pilotprojektet ............................................................................................... 58 III.1.2 Indsamlingen .............................................................................................................. 60 III.1.3 Undersøgelsesmetode ................................................................................................. 62 III.2 Empiri ........................................................................................................................... 68 III.2.1 Skema over datamængde og -art ................................................................................ 68 III.2.2 Kvantitativ sammenligning af data ............................................................................. 69 iv III.2.3 Generaliseringsmuligheder ......................................................................................... 71 III.3 Opsamling ..................................................................................................................... 72 IV INTERAKTION PÅ OPASIACHAT.DK ................................................................................ 73 IV.1 Deltagerorganisering og dynamik i Opasiachat.dk ....................................................... 73 IV.1.1 Deltagerorganisering .................................................................................................. 74 IV.1.2 Sociogrammer ............................................................................................................ 75 IV.1.3 Rollepositioner ........................................................................................................... 82 IV.1.4 Chatrummet som en encounter ................................................................................... 86 Nicks .................................................................................................................................. 88 Dynamik i AU og AS .......................................................................................................... 89 IV.2 Interaktionsstruktur ......................................................................................................
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