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Social Worker's Experiences of Working with Women in Sex

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Social Worker's Experiences of Working with Women in Sex Social worker’s experiences of working with women in sex work and their children A qualitative study conducted in the organization Saheli Sangh SUBJECT: Social work AUTHORS: Amenaghawon Ogbomo, Ida Jardstedt and Olivia Gran JÖNKÖPING 2019 January Acknowledgement First, we would like to give our thanks to our mentor, Mary McCall, whose support, guidance and enthusiasm has been of great value to us throughout this paper. We want to say thank you to Lakshmi Kumar, and her family. Without you we would have been lost - literally. SIDA also deserves an acknowledgment for giving us the extraordinary opportunity to go on this trip. Lastly, we want to direct the biggest of thank you-s to Saheli Sangh and everyone we met at the organization. You are all an inspiration for us, and we are so grateful for your participation. Amenaghawon, Olivia, Ida i Abstract Title: Social worker’s experiences of working with women in sex work and their children – A qualitative study conducted in the organization Saheli Sangh Authors: Amenaghawon Ogbomo, Ida Jardstedt and Olivia Gran Tutor: Mary McCall Examinator: Monika Wilinska In India, the estimated number of people in sex work is high - figures show an appraisal of three million female sex workers. Most women who enter sex work tend to be very young and do so due to severe economic circumstances. The situation is considered especially severe in some parts of India due to a combination of poverty and the low status of females, which contribute to their exploitation in the sex industry. This vulnerability often leads to women being marginalized and stigmatized from society. The aim with this thesis is to investigate how social workers, at an organization in Pune, India, work with women in sex work and their children. What motivates the social workers to pursue work with this group? How do they feel about their work and their clients? Further questions we wanted to answer were how the organization worked to secure good and sufficient living conditions for the children. Our initial goal for this study was to examine how the staff members at Saheli Sangh work to prevent the children from entering sex work. While doing so, we gained knowledge about the social worker’s own thoughts, values and experiences of doing social work with this group. Hence, this newfound knowledge became our main focus throughout our study. The results showed that education and safe housing were the primary interventions offered to prevent children from entering sex work. It also showed that the staff in the organization forms a special bond with the children and women with whom they work. To provide the needed interventions, the organization needs more resources and more support to combat negative perceptions and stigma from the society of women who do sex work and the social workers who help them address their needs. Key words: Women in sex work, children of sex workers, attachment, stigma, marginalization, social constructionism, social worker’s perspective of sex work ii Sammanfattning Titel: Socialarbetares upplevelser av att arbeta med kvinnor i sexarbete och deras barn – En kvalitativ studie gjord i organisationen Saheli Sangh Författare: Amenaghawon Ogbomo, Ida Jardstedt och Olivia Gran Handledare: Mary McCall Examinator: Monika Wilinska I Indien är det uppskattade antalet personer i sexarbete högt - siffror visar en uppskattning på tre miljoner kvinnliga sexarbetare. De flesta kvinnor som börjar med sexarbete tenderar att vara väldigt unga och gör det på grund av svåra ekonomiska omständigheter. Situationen anses särskilt svår i vissa delar av Indien. Detta på grund av en kombination av fattigdom och kvinnornas låga ställning i samhället, vilket bidrar till deras utnyttjande i sexindustrin. Denna utsatthet leder ofta till att kvinnor marginaliseras och stigmatiseras. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur socialarbetare, i en organisation i Pune, Indien, arbetar med kvinnor i sexarbete och deras barn. Vad motiverar socialarbetarna att arbeta med denna grupp? Hur upplever de sitt arbete och sina klienter? Ytterligare frågor vi ville ha svar på var hur organisationen arbetade för att säkerställa goda och tillräckliga levnadsvillkor för barnen. Vårt ursprungliga syfte med denna studie var att undersöka hur socialarbetarna i organisationen arbetar för att förhindra barnen från att börja med sexarbete. Under processens gång fick även kunskap om socialarbetarens egna tankar, värderingar och erfarenheter av att arbeta med denna grupp. Därigenom blev denna nyfunna kunskap vårt huvudfokus under resten av vår studie. Resultaten visade att utbildning och tryggt boende var de primära insatserna som erbjuds för att förhindra att barn börjar med sexarbete. De visade även på ett starkt band mellan personalen och de kvinnor och barn som de arbetar med. För att kunna erbjuda nödvändiga insatser behöver organisationen mer resurser samt stöd från samhället för att bekämpa den rådande negativa uppfattningen som finns om kvinnor i sexarbete. Nyckelord: Kvinnor i sexarbete, barn till sexarbetare, anknytning, stigma, marginalisering, social konstruktionism, socialarbetares perspektiv av sexarbete iii Index Acknowledgement .................................................................................................... i Abstract .................................................................................................................... ii Sammanfattning ...................................................................................................... iii Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 Notes on terms utilized .................................................................................................... 2 Purpose and research question ................................................................................. 3 Background ............................................................................................................... 4 Sex work in India ............................................................................................................. 4 Legislation regarding sex work in India .......................................................................... 4 Saheli Sangh ..................................................................................................................... 5 Previous research ...................................................................................................... 6 Vulnerabilities faced by children of sex workers ............................................................. 7 Mother-child relationship ................................................................................................ 8 Interventions needed - education, healthcare and safety................................................ 10 Social work and sex work ................................................................................................ 11 Theoretical framework ............................................................................................ 13 Social constructionism .................................................................................................... 13 Stigma and marginalization ............................................................................................ 14 Attachment ...................................................................................................................... 15 Method .................................................................................................................... 17 Establishing contact and field visits ............................................................................... 17 Sampling and conducting the interviews ........................................................................ 19 Processing the empirical data ........................................................................................ 20 The trustworthiness of our study .................................................................................... 21 Ethical considerations .................................................................................................... 22 The name of the organization ........................................................................................ 24 Results and analysis ................................................................................................ 24 Safety and security.......................................................................................................... 25 Improving children’s living conditions ............................................................................................ 25 Education as a form of security ........................................................................................................ 26 Preventive work ................................................................................................................................... 27 Analysis – Safety and security ........................................................................................................... 28 Social construction of sex workers ................................................................................. 30 Stigma and discrimination .................................................................................................................. 30 Terminology ........................................................................................................................................
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