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Tutorial 2 FORMULAS, PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION
T-6 Tutorial 2 FORMULAS, PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION, AND THE MOLE FORMULAS: A chemical formula shows the elemental composition of a substance: the chemical symbols show what elements are present and the numerical subscripts show how many atoms of each element there are in a formula unit. Examples: NaCl: one sodium atom, one chlorine atom in a formula unit CaCl2: one calcium atom, two chlorine atoms in a formula unit Mg3N2: three magnesium atoms, two nitrogen atoms in a formula unit The presence of a metal in a chemical formula indicates an ionic compound, which is composed of positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions). A formula with only nonmetals indicates a + molecular compound (unless it is an ammonium, NH4 , compound). Only ionic compounds are considered in this Tutorial. There are tables of common ions in your lecture text, p 56 (cations) and p 57 (anions). A combined table of these same ions can be found on the inside back cover of the lecture text. A similar list is on the next page; all formulas needed in this and subsequent Tutorial problems can be written with ions from this list. Writing formulas for ionic compounds is very straightforward: TOTAL POSITIVE CHARGES MUST BE THE SAME AS TOTAL NEGATIVE CHARGES. The formula must be neutral. The positive ion is written first in the formula and the name of the compound is the two ion names. EXAMPLE: Write the formula for potassium chloride. The name tells you there are potassium, K+, and chloride, Cl–, ions. Each potassium ion is +1 and each chloride ion is -1: one of each is needed, and the formula for potassium chloride is KCl. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0027386 A1 Kurihara Et Al
US 20110027386A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0027386 A1 Kurihara et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 3, 2011 (54) ANTMICROBAL. ZEOLITE AND (30) Foreign Application Priority Data ANTMICROBAL COMPOSITION Feb. 22, 2006 (JP) ................................. 2006-045241 (75) Inventors: Yasuo Kurihara, Nagoya-shi (JP); Kumiko Miyake, Nagoya-shi (JP); Publication Classification Masashi Uchida, Nagoya-shi (JP) (51) Int. Cl. Correspondence Address: AOIN 59/6 (2006.01) NIXON & VANDERHYE, PC COB 39/02 (2006.01) 901 NORTH GLEBE ROAD, 11TH FLOOR AOIP I/00 (2006.01) ARLINGTON, VA 22203 (US) (52) U.S. Cl. .......................... 424/618; 423/701; 423/700 (73) Assignee: Sinanen Zeomic Co., Ltd., (57) ABSTRACT Nagoya-Shi (JP) The present invention relates to antimicrobial zeolite which comprises zeolite whereina hardly soluble zinc salt is formed (21) Appl. No.: 12/923,854 within fine pores present therein and an antimicrobial com position which comprises the foregoing antimicrobial Zeolite (22) Filed: Oct. 12, 2010 in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 80% by mass. The antimi crobial Zeolite according to the present invention can widely Related U.S. Application Data be applied, without causing any color change, even to the (63) Continuation of application No. 1 1/705,460, filed on goods which undergo color changes with the elapse of time Feb. 13, 2007. when the conventional antimicrobial zeolite is added. US 2011/002738.6 A1 Feb. 3, 2011 ANTMICROBAL. ZEOLITE AND 3. An antimicrobial composition comprising the foregoing ANTMICROBAL COMPOSITION antimicrobial zeolite as set forth in the foregoing item 1 or 2 in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 80% by mass. -
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,253,711 Mondshine (45) Date of Patent: Oct
USOO525371 1A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,253,711 Mondshine (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 19, 1993 54) PROCESS FOR DECOMPOSING 2,268,215 12/1941 Kerr ...................................... 127/33 POLYSACCHARDES IN ALKALINE 3,167,510 /1965 Alter ..... sa as A8 a X8 a P. 252/8.551 3,655,644 4/1972 Durand ........................... 106/21 X AQUEOUS SYSTEMS 3,935,187 1/1976 Speakman ........................... 536/102 75 Inventor: Thomas C. Mondshine, Houston, 4,202,795 5/1980 Burnham et al. ............... 166/308 X Tex. 4,552,668 11/1985 Brown et al. ................... 166/300X Lachenal et al. ..................... 162/25 Assignee: Texas United Chemical Corp., 4,787,959 11/1988 (73) Primary Examiner-George A. Suchfield Houston, Tex. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Roy F. House 21 Appl. No.: 844,167 57 ABSTRACT 22 Filed: Mar. 2, 1992 Alkaline earth metal or transition metal peroxides are (51) int. Cli.............................................. E21B 43/26 used as a delayed breaker in alkaline aqueous fluids 52) U.S. C. .................................... 166/300; 166/308; containing a water soluble hydrophilic polysaccharide 252/8.551; 252/326 polymer hydrated therein. The peroxide is activated by (58) Field of Search ............................... 166/300, 308; increasing the temperature of the fluid. The invention is 252/8.551, 326,358; 536/41, 80, 88 particularly useful for the delayed break of hydraulic 56) References Cited fracturing fluids containing hydroxypropyl guar poly c. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS i,953,398 4/1934 Eskew ................................... 536/41 10 Claims, No Drawings 5,253,711 1. 2 G. W. Hawkins, and H. D. Brannon, Feb. -
Diaminomaleonitrile
PREBIOLOGICAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS BY CLIFFORD N. MATTHEWS AND ROBERT E. MOSER CENTRAL RESEARCH DEPARTMENT, MONSANTO COMPANY, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI Communicated by Charles A. Thomas, July 18, 1966 A major concern of chemical evolution research1 4 is to find an answer to the question: How were proteins originally formed on Earth before the appearance of life? A widely held view stimulated by the speculations of Oparin,5 Haldane,6 Bernal,7 and Urey8 is that the formation of polypeptides occurred via two essential steps, a-amino acid synthesis initiated by the action of natural high-energy sources on the components of a reducing atmosphere, followed by polycondensations in the oceans or on land. The results of a dozen years of simulation experiments1-4 appear to support this view. Experiments in which high-energy radiations were applied to reduced mixtures of gases have yielded many of the 20 a-amino acids commonly found in proteins. The pioneering research of M\iller9 showed that glycine, alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid were among the products obtained by passing electric discharges through a refluxing mixture of hydrogen, methane, ammonia, and water. Exten- sions of these studies by Abelson10 and others'-4 showed that a-amino acid synthesis could be effected by almost any source of high energy so long as the starting mix- ture contained water and was reducing. Since mechanism studies by Miller9 indicated that aldehydes and hydrogen cyanide were transient intermediates during the course of the reaction, it was concluded that the a-amino acids were formed by the well-known Strecker route involving hydrolysis of aminoacetonitriles arising from the interactions of aldehydes, hydrogen cyanide, and ammonia. -
Elemental Impurities: Standards-Setting Record
Elemental Impurities: Standards-Setting Record December 20, 2012 I. Purpose Current official standards expressed in General Chapter <231> Heavy Metals were last updated in USP 28. This document summarizes the standards-setting activities relative to USP’s new Elemental Impurities (EI) standards, which are designed to replace <231>. The document is divided into four sections: work done prior to 2000, and work in each of the three revision cycles of the 21st century. II. Prior to 2000 Prior to 2000, there were a number of publications which appeared in Pharmacopeial Forum (PF) relating to compendial testing for EI, some of which related to <231> and others of which related to the USP monograph for Magnesium Stearate. These are summarized below. PF Stimuli article [1975] page 861(Attachment 1) This publication made the following recommendations with respect to <231>: a. It is recommended that all articles now tested by Method I be evaluated by the three-tube monitor procedure to confirm the suitability of the method (i.e., no complexation due to the sample, no interfering colors, and no precipitation) or use with each article. Note: It is hoped that each producer of the articles involved will look at his products and report directly to the appropriate Director of Revision (Dr. D. Banes for NF and USP articles; Mr. Duarward Dodgen for FCC articles) concerning the suitability, or lack of suitability, of the method for use with his products. b. It is recommended that the three-tube monitor procedure, with or without the zirconium modification, be given consideration as a replacement for the current Method I procedure. -
Chemical List
1 EXHIBIT 1 2 CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION LIST 3 4 1. Pyrophoric Chemicals 5 1.1. Aluminum alkyls: R3Al, R2AlCl, RAlCl2 6 Examples: Et3Al, Et2AlCl, EtAlCl2, Me3Al, Diethylethoxyaluminium 7 1.2. Grignard Reagents: RMgX (R=alkyl, aryl, vinyl X=halogen) 8 1.3. Lithium Reagents: RLi (R = alkyls, aryls, vinyls) 9 Examples: Butyllithium, Isobutyllithium, sec-Butyllithium, tert-Butyllithium, 10 Ethyllithium, Isopropyllithium, Methyllithium, (Trimethylsilyl)methyllithium, 11 Phenyllithium, 2-Thienyllithium, Vinyllithium, Lithium acetylide ethylenediamine 12 complex, Lithium (trimethylsilyl)acetylide, Lithium phenylacetylide 13 1.4. Zinc Alkyl Reagents: RZnX, R2Zn 14 Examples: Et2Zn 15 1.5. Metal carbonyls: Lithium carbonyl, Nickel tetracarbonyl, Dicobalt octacarbonyl 16 1.6. Metal powders (finely divided): Bismuth, Calcium, Cobalt, Hafnium, Iron, 17 Magnesium, Titanium, Uranium, Zinc, Zirconium 18 1.7. Low Valent Metals: Titanium dichloride 19 1.8. Metal hydrides: Potassium Hydride, Sodium hydride, Lithium Aluminum Hydride, 20 Diethylaluminium hydride, Diisobutylaluminum hydride 21 1.9. Nonmetal hydrides: Arsine, Boranes, Diethylarsine, diethylphosphine, Germane, 22 Phosphine, phenylphosphine, Silane, Methanetellurol (CH3TeH) 23 1.10. Non-metal alkyls: R3B, R3P, R3As; Tributylphosphine, Dichloro(methyl)silane 24 1.11. Used hydrogenation catalysts: Raney nickel, Palladium, Platinum 25 1.12. Activated Copper fuel cell catalysts, e.g. Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 26 1.13. Finely Divided Sulfides: Iron Sulfides (FeS, FeS2, Fe3S4), and Potassium Sulfide 27 (K2S) 28 REFERRAL -
Ehealth DSI [Ehdsi V2.2.2-OR] Ehealth DSI – Master Value Set
MTC eHealth DSI [eHDSI v2.2.2-OR] eHealth DSI – Master Value Set Catalogue Responsible : eHDSI Solution Provider PublishDate : Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 1 of 490 MTC Table of Contents epSOSActiveIngredient 4 epSOSAdministrativeGender 148 epSOSAdverseEventType 149 epSOSAllergenNoDrugs 150 epSOSBloodGroup 155 epSOSBloodPressure 156 epSOSCodeNoMedication 157 epSOSCodeProb 158 epSOSConfidentiality 159 epSOSCountry 160 epSOSDisplayLabel 167 epSOSDocumentCode 170 epSOSDoseForm 171 epSOSHealthcareProfessionalRoles 184 epSOSIllnessesandDisorders 186 epSOSLanguage 448 epSOSMedicalDevices 458 epSOSNullFavor 461 epSOSPackage 462 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 2 of 490 MTC epSOSPersonalRelationship 464 epSOSPregnancyInformation 466 epSOSProcedures 467 epSOSReactionAllergy 470 epSOSResolutionOutcome 472 epSOSRoleClass 473 epSOSRouteofAdministration 474 epSOSSections 477 epSOSSeverity 478 epSOSSocialHistory 479 epSOSStatusCode 480 epSOSSubstitutionCode 481 epSOSTelecomAddress 482 epSOSTimingEvent 483 epSOSUnits 484 epSOSUnknownInformation 487 epSOSVaccine 488 © eHealth DSI eHDSI Solution Provider v2.2.2-OR Wed Nov 08 16:16:10 CET 2017 Page 3 of 490 MTC epSOSActiveIngredient epSOSActiveIngredient Value Set ID 1.3.6.1.4.1.12559.11.10.1.3.1.42.24 TRANSLATIONS Code System ID Code System Version Concept Code Description (FSN) 2.16.840.1.113883.6.73 2017-01 A ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM 2.16.840.1.113883.6.73 2017-01 -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,645,535 B2 Zyck Et Al
USOO6645535B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,645,535 B2 Zyck et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Nov. 11, 2003 (54) METHOD OF MAKING COATED CHEWING FR 2 635 441 2/1990 GUMPRODUCTS CONTAINING WARIOUS FR 2 706 771 6/1993 ANTACIDS GB O 934,596 8/1963 GB O 963 518 7/1964 GB 1489,832 10/1977 (75) Inventors: Daniel J. Zyck, North Riverside, IL GB 2181646 A 4/1987 (US); Michael J. Greenberg, IT O2173487 7/1997 Northbrook, IL (US); David G. IT O1293655 3/1999 Barkalow, Deerfield, IL (US); Scott W. JP 1991-112450 5/1991 Marske, LaGrange, IL (US); Philip G. JP 1991-251533 11/1991 Schnell, Downers Grove, IL (US); JP 1994-303911 11/1994 Philip Mazzone, Griffith, IN (US) JP 1996-19370 1/1996 JP 86/242561 10/1996 (73) Assignee: WM. Wrigley Jr. Company, Chicago, KR 94-2868 4/1994 WO WO 84/02271 6/1984 IL (US) WO WO 90/12511 11/1990 WO WO 90/12583 11/1990 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this WO WO 92/06680 4/1992 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 WO WO95/OOO38 1/1995 U.S.C. 154(b) by 53 days. WO WO95/OOO39 1/1995 WO WO95/10290 4/1995 This patent is Subject to a terminal dis WO WO 96/OOO70 1/1996 claimer. WO WO 96/03975 2/1996 WO WO 97/21424 6/1997 WO WO 97/24036 6/1997 (21) Appl. No.: 09/747,323 WO WO 98/231.65 6/1998 (22) Filed: Dec. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,359,162 B1 Wilms (45) Date of Patent: Mar
USOO6359162B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,359,162 B1 Wilms (45) Date of Patent: Mar. 19, 2002 (54) METHOD FOR PRODUCING OTHER PUBLICATIONS GLUFOSINATES AND INTERMEDIATE Mundy, Bradford P.; Ellerd, Michael G. “Name Reactions PRODUCTS FOR THE SAME and Reagents in Organic Syntheses'; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1988: p. 244.* (75) Inventor: Lothar Wilms, Hofheim (DE) Ivan A. Natchev, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin. Trans. 1, pp. (73) Assignee: Hoechst Schering AgrEvo GmbH, 125-131, 1989. Berlin (DE) * cited by examiner (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Primary Examiner Fiona T. Powers patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Frommer Lawrence & U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Haug LLP (21) Appl. No.: 09/486,031 (57) ABSTRACT (22) PCT Filed: Aug. 8, 1998 Glufosinate and the 2-methyl analog thereof can be prepared in a multi-step Synthesis from methylphosphorus com (86) PCT No.: PCT/EP98/05053 pounds (II) with unsaturated keto compounds (III) via adducts (IV), Subsequent reaction under the conditions of a S371 Date: Feb. 17, 2000 Strecker synthesis and finally hydrolysis of the aminonitrile S 102(e) Date: Feb. 17, 2000 (V): (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO99/09039 Step 1: PCT Pub. Date: Feb. 25, 1999 (30) Foreign Application Priority Data HC-P -- 21 Aug. 20, 1997 (DE) ......................................... 19736 125 (51) Int. Cl." .............................. C07F 9/30; CO7F 9/32; (II) (III) (IV) CO7F 9/6571 (52) U.S. Cl. ......................... 558/82; 558/179; 558/346; 558/386; 562/11; 562/24 Step 2: (58) Field of Search ......................... -
A Chemical Study of the Water Extract of Meat
WILLIAMS Chemical Study of the Water Extract of Meat »**• 5 , J^*—J* . fA fee Chemistry B. S. - v. * 1902 Of w * * * * * * * * * * I > f I * * * * f • " sfglf * * % % .* * * * * H* * f 1 * , , * * * ^ * * * * ^ * ^ ^ ' * * * > ^ + :«t ^ * * , * '/-l^^K' * * * * f ^^^^^^ ^ * * * * * " * * ** * * * * «* i * * * * * * ^ * ^ % ^ m e * * * * * W Criniung anb JTabor. f LIBRARY Illinois. | University of li CLASS. BOOK. volumi;. IBn i ^ Accession No. ' ** ' * S ! H 1 HE* Si * * * * * * * * * .* * * % * * * # * ^ y + ^^^8 1 4 * % * ^ ^ % •- ^ ^ ^» i| **** *** ** ^ * >f t- * + f 4 4* 4v 4k , *fk , • 4 / ^pk 4 s^^^^l^^fc^^lfe7 4 4 4 * * * * i^M^Kv^^r** 4 4» 4 4 * 4 4 ' * JmS^ % 4 * 4 * >ffe^j^|k Us 4 4 , 4* 4 4 4 * >f 4, * *** * || II ^ * * * ^l^i^i^ ^ f ^.4 4. * S^7^fe' * * 4 * 4 fc, 4*-. 4 4- 4 4 * @4 ^444 * 4 «f 4k ' % 4- 4 -4 ^4 ^flPfc ^K; *, 4. 4. 4» * 4 4 *. 4 4 4' 4*' 4* lpl^'4/. vf,:, ... % * 4* 4= 4* 4* 4. * 4 4 . 4- * 4 -4~4^^4%4>4* * * * **** 4 4 4 4 % " 4 4* 4- * * ^ 4 4 4 4 , 4 |^y^p^;>^ 4^.*,- ^,-.4, ,,4 -* ^ 4 4. * * ' * * % I t i 4 # 4- * 4 4 "4 4 * . * ^fV"'^ 1 * * * 4 4- * 4-: * 4* 4 4 % * 4* * * * * 4 4 4 4- . 4 4 * * * 4- 4 % 4 ,". ^H^jw I * 4 * * f * 4 4 4 4 * 4 ; * 4 4^ 4. <** 4,,. 4^ 4 4* 4. 4* 4 4* * 4* 4" ' * 4 * * 4 4. * 4 * * 4 4 * 4 ^ * ^ --4 4v -4 4-4 4 4-4^- % ? 4 4 + ^ 4 4-4 # -A % 4*. 4 4* 4* * . 4- 4 4 4 4 * 4 4'* ^ -4- ^ 4 * * + 4 ^ 4 4 * * *• * ^-^-^^ 4 % * *- * 4* * * ********* % % 4- 4^ 4 4^-^- * * + * ^ % % 4* ^ %^4-%^4.*4 ¥ % * * * * ; 4s '#4^ >|, 4^ 4, : -% * 4, * % 4*4 4^ 4 * 4 ^ 4 4 * 4k 4 4, 4. -
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 10.0 Index 1. General Notices
EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 10.0 Index 1. General notices......................................................................... 3 2.2.66. Detection and measurement of radioactivity........... 119 2.1. Apparatus ............................................................................. 15 2.2.7. Optical rotation................................................................ 26 2.1.1. Droppers ........................................................................... 15 2.2.8. Viscosity ............................................................................ 27 2.1.2. Comparative table of porosity of sintered-glass filters.. 15 2.2.9. Capillary viscometer method ......................................... 27 2.1.3. Ultraviolet ray lamps for analytical purposes............... 15 2.3. Identification...................................................................... 129 2.1.4. Sieves ................................................................................. 16 2.3.1. Identification reactions of ions and functional 2.1.5. Tubes for comparative tests ............................................ 17 groups ...................................................................................... 129 2.1.6. Gas detector tubes............................................................ 17 2.3.2. Identification of fatty oils by thin-layer 2.2. Physical and physico-chemical methods.......................... 21 chromatography...................................................................... 132 2.2.1. Clarity and degree of opalescence of -
Evidence of Ammonium Salts in Comet 67P As Explanation for the Nitrogen Depletion in Cometary Comae
Evidence of ammonium salts in comet 67P as explanation for the nitrogen depletion in cometary comae Authors: K. Altwegg1*, H. Balsiger1, J.-J. Berthelier2, C. Briois3, M. Combi4, H. Cottin5, J. De Keyser6, F. Dhooghe6, B. Fiethe7, S. A. Fuselier8,9, T. I. Gombosi4, N. Hänni1, M. Rubin1, M. Schuhmann1, I. Schroeder1, T. Sémon1, S. Wampfler2 Affiliations: 1Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. 2Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Sidlerstr. 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. 2LATMOS/IPSL-CNRS-UPMC-UVSQ, 4 Avenue de Neptune F-94100, Saint-Maur, France. 3Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), UMR CNRS 7328 – Université d'Orléans, France 4Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. 5 LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, Université de Paris, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Créteil, France 6Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, BIRA-IASB, Ringlaan 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium. 7Institute of Computer and Network Engineering (IDA), TU Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer- Straße 66, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. 8Space Science Directorate, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Rd., San Antonio, TX 78228, USA. 9Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249 Cometary comae are generally depleted in nitrogen. The main carriers for volatile nitrogen in comets are NH3 and HCN. It is known that ammonia readily combines with many acids like e.g. HCN, HNCO, HCOOH, etc. encountered in the interstellar medium as well as in + - cometary ice to form ammonium salts (NH4 X ) at low temperatures.