Memorials of the Earl of Stirling, and of the House of Alexander
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The Earl of Stirling Fro K AM ENGRAVING BY WlLLTAM MARSHALL .— P, 167, MEMORIALS EARL OF STIRLING AXD OF THE HOUSE OF ALEXANDER Eev. CHAELES ROGERS, LL.D. HISTORIOGRAPHER TO THE ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY ; FELLOW OF THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF SCOTLAND; MEMBER OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF QUEBEC; AND CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF NEAV ENGLAND VOL. I. EDINBUEGH WILLIAM PATEESON, 67 PEINCES STEEET 1877 : EDINBURGH PRINTED BY M'FARLANE AND ERSKINE {late Schenck dj M'Farlane), ST JAMES SQUARE. " JHajor^ General SEilltam l^nxton (Bntm ^Uxmtitv. My deae Sir, After a long and honourable career in India, in which you attained distinction, more especially as commander of " Alexander's Horse " during the mutiny, you have been privileged to retire from the perils and anxieties of military service. Your desire to perpetuate the history and celebrate the achievements of your ancestors and of the other members of your House, has led to the production of these " Memorials ; for witliout your encouragement and substantial assistance, the work would not have been proceeded with. Of the family of Alexander in Ulster, which derives origin from the common ancestors of the Scottish House, you are a senior representative. That you may be spared to crown " a youth of labour by an age of ease," is the wish and hope of. My dear General, Your most obedient faithful servant, CHARLES ROGERS. PREFACE. In preparing these '* Memorials," the Author has been less indebted to family papers and private documents than to materials procured after a per- severing search in the public archives. During a period of nine years he has prosecuted his researches in the public offices at London, Dublin, Edinburgh, and elsewhere. In the course of several journeys in central Scotland, and in the province of Ulster, he has collected materials from district registers. What- ever interest may attach to the work, he is conscious that he has spared no exertion to effect its com- pleteness, by securing the accuracy of its details. The accounts of existing families have been revised by competent persons belonging to each. Respecting the career of Sir William Alexander of Menstry, latterly Earl of Stirling, the Author has, among other principal sources of information, been VI PliEFACE. mainly indebted to his ''Register of Royal Letters." That register embraces three folio volumes, of which two, containing transcripts of state documents from February 1626 to June 1635 (with a blank from July 1627 to July 1630), are deposited in the Advocates Library, while the third volume, containing tran- scripts of letters from January 1626 to December 1631, is preserved in the General Register House. The modern history of the volumes in the Advocates Library is unknown. The volume in the Register House came into the possession of William Trumbull of East Hampstead, a lineal descendant of Lord Stir- ling, who in December 1759 presented it with other papers to Major William Alexander, the American claimant of the title. In a letter to Major Alexander, Mr Trumbull describes it as '' a book of Sir William Alexander's correspondence, while he was Secretary of State for Scotland."* The volume, which was probably sent to London to be used in the House of Lords in prosecuting Major Alexander's claim to the peerage, came into the hands of Mr John Caley, who in May 1792 presented it to Mr Thomas Astle, the well-known archaeologist, who in December 1793 granted it, as an inscription bears, to Lord Frederick ' Duer's Life of Major-Geueral William Alexander, Earl of Stirling, \). 42. PHEFACE. Vll Campbell, Lord Clerk Kegister, for preservation in the Register House. A history of the Scottish House of Alexander would be incomplete without a narrative of the pro- ceedings of Mr Alexander Humphrys or Alexander, and his eldest son, as successive claimants of the earldom of Stirling. A narrative of the case, drawn up from law papers and other documents, is presented in the Appendix. Among the very many persons to whom he has been indebted for information, the Author may not fail to record his special obligations to Major-General Sir James Edward Alexander of Westerton ; Colonel Boyd Alexander of Swifts ; Alexander John Alex- ander, Esq. of Woodburn, Kentucky ; Henry M. Alex- ander, Esq., New York ; Henry Alexander, Esq. of Forkill; Miss Jane Alexander, Fivemiletown, Tyrone; and Joseph Alexander, Esq., Enniskillen. From Archibald Campbell Swinton, Esq. of Kimmerghame, he has obtained special assistance, both in matters of pedigree and in the use of materials illustrative of an important trial. To the late Rev. Robert Alex- ander, rector of Aghadoey, county Londonderry, he was indebted for many genealogical particulars. For varied assistance he desires to name, with senti- Vlll PREFACE. iiients of esteem, his friend, Mr David Laing of Edinburgh, whose acquaintance with ancient Scottish lore is not more remarkable than is his desire to render his information serviceable to others. GuAMi'iAN Lodge. Fokest Hill, S.E. Decciiihcr 1876. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. vxav. FAMILIES OF MACALEXANDEE OF KINTYRE, ARGYLESHIRE, AXD ALEXANDER OF MENSTRY, CLACKMANNANSHIRE, . 1 CHAPTEE II. MEMOIR OF SIR WILLIAM ALEXANDER OF MENSTRY—EARLY HISTORY, 32 CHAPTER III. :MEM0IR of SIR WILLIAM ALEXANDER OF MENSTRY—ORIGIN AND EARLY HISTORY OF HIS CONNECTION WITH NEW SCOTLAND, 58 CHAPTER IV. MEMOIR OF SIR WILLIAM ALEXANDER—FROM THE SAILING OF HIS SECOND EXPEDITION TO NEW SCOTLAND TO THE ABANDONMENT OF PORT ROYAL, 98 CHAPTER V. MEMOIR OF SIR WILLIAM ALEXANDER, VISCOUNT STIRLING —FROM THE ABANDONMENT OF PORT ROYAL TO THE COINING OF THE COPPER MONEY, .... 130 CHAPTER VI. MEMOIR OF SIR ^VILLIAM ALEXANDER, EARL OF STIRLING FROM HIS LATEST ATTEMPT TO ESTABLISH A SCOTTISH COLONY IN CANxVDA TO THE CLOSE OF HIS PUBLIC ENTERPRISES, 157 X CONTENTS. CHAPTEE VII. PAGE MEMOIR OF THE EAEL OF STIRLING—HIS EMBARRASSMENTS, DEATH, AND FUNERAL—HIS CHARACTER, , . .176 CHAPTEE VIII. WILLIAM, LORD ALEXANDER, ELDEST SON OF THE EARL OF STIRLING, AND THE DESCENDANTS OF HIS ELDER DAUGHTER, CATHERINE, LADY TORPHICHEN : MENZIES OF CASTLE MENZIES ; AND SHIRREFF OF FITZRAY, UPPER CANADA, 205 CHAPTEE IX. MARGARET, LADY SINCLAIR, YOUNGER DAUGHTER OF WILLIAM, LORD ALEXANDER, AND HER DESCENDANTS : HAMILTON OF BARGANY, DALRYMPLE OF NORTH BERWICK, DUCHESS DE COIGNY, KEITH OF RAVELSTONE, SIR PATRICK KEITH MURRAY, BART., SWINTON OF THAT ILK, CAMPBELL SWINTON OF KIMMERGHAME, SIR WALTER SCOTT, BART. OF ABBOTSFORD, AND SWINTON OF SWINTON BANK, . 212 CHAPTEE X. SIR ANTHONY ALEXANDER—HENRY, THIRD EARL OF STIR- LING, AND HIS DESCENDANTS: FAMILIES OF PHILLIPS LEE OF BINFIELD, AND TRUMBULL OF EAST HAMP- STEAD ; THE MARQUIS OF DOWNSHIRE, . 228 CHAPTEE XI. YOUNGER CHILDREN OF SIR WILLIAM ALEXANDER, EARL OF STIRLING : JEAN, VISCOUNTESS MONTGOMERY ; MARGARET, LADY MURRAY OF DUNEARN ; LADY ELIZABETH ALEX- ANDER ; LUDOVICK AND ROBERT ALEXANDER, AND JOHN, CHARLES, AND JAMES ALEXANDER, AND THEIR DE- SCENDANTS, 249 CHAPTEE XII. FAMILY OF SIR WALTER ALEXANDER, 259 CONTENTS. XI CHAPTEE XIII. PAGE FAMILIES OF ALEXANDER AT STIRLING, , . .268 CHAPTEE XIV. FAMILIES OF ALEXANDER IN MIDDLETON OF MENSTRY, AND OF NEW JERSEY, UNITED STATES, .... 27^ CHAPTEE XV. FAMILIES OF ALEXANDER OF WESTERTON OF MENSTRY, MAINS OF MENSTRY, VILLAGE OF MENSTRY, BUENSTONES OF MENSTRY, INCLONEY, LONGCARSE OF BLAIRLOGIE, MYRE- SIDE OF MENSTRY, LOGIE, BLAIRLOGIE, WEST CAMBUS, TULLIBODY, OVER GOGAR, ALVA, TILLICOULTRY, BAL- HARTY, DOLLAR, AND ALLOA, 286 CHAPTEE XVI. FAMILIES OF ALEXANDER OF CLACKMANNAN AND KINCAR- DINE-ON-FORTH, 297 CHAPTEE XVII. FAMILY OF ALEXANDER OF MANOR NEUK AND WESTERTON, BRIDGE OF ALLAN, 303 CHAPTEE XVIII. FAMILIES OP ALEXANDER OF DRUMELDRIE, SKEDDOWAY, INNERGELLIE, ANSTRUTHER, AND PITTENWEEM, FIFE- SHIRE, 314 ILLUSTRATIONS. PAGE PORTRAIT OF SIR WILLIAJI ALEXANDER, EARL OF STIRLING, {Frontispiece) LETTER IN THE HANDWRITING OF THE EARL OF STIRLING, 1 ARMORIAL ESCUTCHEON OF THE EARL OF STIRLING, . 148 MANSION-HOUSE OF MENSTRY, 149 ARGYLE HOUSE, STIRLING, THE RESIDENCE OF THE EARL OF STIRLING, 151 THE COIN "TURNER," ISSUED BY THE EARL OF STIRLING, . 155 1 ^ ^^ ^^^< I ' 4 ri iI # 1 ifHt i MEMORIALS THE EARL OF STIRLING. CHAPTER I. FAMILIES OF MACALEXANDER OF KINTYRE, ARGYLESHIRE, AND ALEXANDER OF MENSTRY, CLACKMANNANSHIRE. A Norwegian settlement was early established in Arran and Bute, and other islands in the west of Scotland. This settlement was effected under the viking Conn Chead Chath of the Hundred Battles. His descendant in the middle of the twelfth century- was the renowned Somerled, who exercised a power- ful authority in the Western Isles, disputing the sovereignty with David I. When, in 1135, David expelled the Norwegians from Arran and Bute, Somerled was allowed to retain a sort of depute sovereignty in the subjugated territories. Subse- quently rebelling, he in 1164 entered the Firth of Clyde with a fleet of one hundred and sixty vessels, intending to usurp the Scottish crown; he was de- •i MEMORIALS OF THE EARL OF STIRLING. feated at Eenfrew, and there slain (Cliron. Man., a.d. 1104-64). Somerled was twice married. By his first wife he had a son, GiUicolane, who fell with him at Renfrew (Chron. de Melros, p. 74; Fordun's Scotichron.,vol. viii., cap. 2). He married, secondly, about the year 1140, Effrica, daughter of Olave the Red, King of Man, by whom he had three sons, Dougal, Ranald, and Angus. On the death of their father, Dougal obtained as his share of sovereignty the islands of Mull, Coll, Tiree, and Jura ; Ranald, Isla and Kintyi^e ; and Angus, the isle of Bute. From Dougal sprang the MacDougals of Lome, who styled themselves De Ergedia, or, of Argyle. His branch is represented b}^ the Ducal House of Argyle. On the death of Dougal, the isles which he ruled, instead of descending to his children, were acquired by his brother Ranald, to whom were born two sons, Donald and Roderick. Roderick was celebrated for his piratical exploits.