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Guía De Los Ácaros E Insectos Herbívoros De México Vol. 3 Ácaros E Insectos Dendrófagos De Importancia Agrícola Y Forestal

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Guía De Los Ácaros E Insectos Herbívoros De México Vol. 3 Ácaros E Insectos Dendrófagos De Importancia Agrícola Y Forestal GUÍA DE LOS ÁCAROS E INSECTOS HERBÍVOROS DE MÉXICO VOL. 3 ÁCAROS E INSECTOS DENDRÓFAGOS DE IMPORTANCIA AGRÍCOLA Y FORESTAL José Francisco Cervantes Mayagoitia | Aurea Hilda Huacuja Zamudio UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA Casa abierta al tiempo UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA Unidad Xochimilco Rector General Dr. Eduardo Abel Peñalosa Castro Secretario General Dr. José Antonio de los Reyes Heredia UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA-XOCHIMILCO Rector Dr. Fernando de León González Secretaria Dra. Claudia Mónica Salazar Villava DIVISIÓN DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Y DE LA SALUD Director Mtro. Rafael Díaz García Secretaria Académica Dra. Leonor Sánchez Pérez Responsable del Programa Editorial Lic. Zyanya Patricia Ruiz Chapoy Comité Editorial M. en C. Dorys Primavera Orea Coria Dr. Edgar Jarillo Soto Dr. Ernesto Sánchez Mendoza Dr. José Alfredo Arévalo Ramírez Dr. José Arturo Granados Cosme Dra. María Angélica Gutiérrez Nava Dra. Patricia Castilla Hernández Dr. Román Espinosa Cervantes “Guía de los ácaros e insectos herbívoros de méxico, Vol. 3 Ácaros e insectos dendrófagos de importancia agrícola y forestal” Primera edición: 2017 ISBN PDF: 978-607-28-1302-1 Epub: 978-607-28-1303-8 D.R. © UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA Unidad Xochimilco Calzada Del Hueso 1100 Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán C.P. 04960, Ciudad de México, Tel.: 5483 7000 ext. 3783 Impreso y hecho en México ÍNDICE I. Prólogo 9 II. Presentación 11 III. Resumen 17 IV. Listado taxonómico de ácaros e insectos dendrófagos 25 Subclase Acari 25 1. Trombidiformes 25 a. Eriophyidae 25 b. Tetranychidae 26 Clase Hexapoda 28 2. Orthoptera 28 a. Romaleidae 28 b. Acrididae 30 c. Pyrgomorphidae 31 d. Tettigoniidae 32 e. Gryllidae 32 3. Hemiptera 33 a. Miridae 33 b. Cydnidae 36 c. Pentatomidae 37 d. Lygaeidae 40 e. Largidae 42 f. Alydidae 42 g. Coreidae 43 h. Cercopidae 48 i. Clastopteridae 50 j. Aethalionidae 51 k. Membracidae 52 l. Cicadellidae 54 m. Flatidae 57 n. Nogodinidae 58 ñ. Psyllidae 59 o. Aleyrodidae 60 p. Aphididae 60 q. Margarodidae 68 r. Orteziidae 69 s. Pseudococcidae 70 t. Putoidae 75 u. Kermesidae 75 v. Dactylopiidae 75 w. Asterolecaniidae 78 x. Cerococcidae 78 y. Coccidae 79 z. Diaspididae 85 4. Thysanoptera 98 a. Rhopalothripidae 98 b. Thripidae 99 5. Isoptera 102 a. Kalotermitidae 102 b. Termopsidae 105 c. Rhinotermitidae 106 d. Termitidae 110 6. Coleoptera 113 a. Melolonthidae 113 b. Buprestidae 118 c. Bostrichidae 126 d. Lyctidae 129 e. Anobiidae 130 f. Coccinellidae 130 g. Tenebrionidae 131 h. Cerambycidae 132 i. Chrysomelidae 167 j. Brentidae 173 k. Apionidae 173 l. Dryophthoridae 174 m. Curculionidae 180 n. Curculionidae: Platypodinae 191 o. Curculionidae: Scolytinae 197 7. Lepidoptera 325 a. Hepialidae 325 b. Gracillariidae 325 c. Depressariidae 326 d. Batrachedridae 326 e. Blastobasidae 327 f. Gelechiidae 327 g. Sesiidae 328 h. Cossidae 330 i. Tortricidae 331 j. Pterophoridae 335 k. Pyralidae 335 l. Crambidae 343 m. Megathymidae 348 n. Noctuidae 348 o. Arctiidae 353 8. Diptera 355 a. Cecidomyiidae 355 b. Pantophthalmidae 355 c. Anthomyiidae 356 d. Lonchaeidae 357 e. Ulidiidae 357 f. Agromyzidae 358 h. Chloropidae 359 9. Hymenoptera 360 a. Argidae 360 b. Siricidae 360 c. Eulophidae 362 e. Eurytomidae 363 f. Apidae 363 g. Formicidae 363 V. Listado de especies de plantas hospederas por orden alfabético con las especies de herbívoros asociados 369 VI. Listado de plantas hospederas por familias 491 VII. Listado de ácaros e insectos dendrófagos por entidades federativas 529 Aguascalientes 529 Baja California 530 Baja California Sur 532 Campeche 533 Chiapas 535 Chihuahua 540 Ciudad de México 542 Coahuila 546 Colima 547 Durango 549 Guanajuato 552 Guerrero 554 Hidalgo 558 Jalisco 562 México (Estado de) 567 Michoacán 572 Morelos 576 Nayarit 582 Nuevo León 584 Oaxaca 588 Puebla 593 Querétaro 597 Quintana Roo 599 San Luis Potosí 600 Sinaloa 603 Sonora 605 Tabasco 608 Tamaulipas 610 Tlaxcala 614 Veracruz 615 Yucatán 622 Zacatecas 623 VIII. Índice de las especies de ácaros e insectos dendrófagos 625 IX. Bibliografía 667 I. PRÓLOGO En México, la diversidad de ácaros e insectos fitófagos asociados a las plan- tas cultivadas y a los bosques es enorme. Sin embargo, la información se encuentra dispersa o las referencias existentes son escasas, por lo que re- sulta indispensable tener información, que permita conocer la distribución de éstos artrópodos en los diferentes estados de la República, así como los registros que existen sobre los hábitos alimenticios y sus hospederos. La actualización del conocimiento de estos organismos, permite definir las ac- ciones de diversos programas fitosanitarios y el manejo integrado de plagas. La “Guía de los ácaros e insectos herbívoros de México” en su tercer volumen “Ácaros e insectos dendrófagos de importancia agrícola y forestal”, incluye registros de 7 especies de ácaros y 1132 de insectos, de cada una de ellas se menciona sus hospederos y su distribución por Estado. Una de las aportaciones de este trabajo, es la recopilación de 613 citas bibliográficas de las cuales, 504 son del año 2000 a la fecha. Adicionalmente, en el documento se incluyen citas de revistas internacionales; con datos sobre los insectos y ácaros de importancia agrícola en México. Otra de las aportaciones del do- cumento es un listado de 826 especies de plantas hospederas que pertenecen a 107 familias; con sus nombres científicos y comunes. Finalmente, la publicación de este texto, permite completar y actualizar la información ya existente sobre la distribución y hospederos de insectos y ácaros asociados a las plantas cultivadas y forestales y será de gran ayuda en el campo de la acarología y entomología agrícola y forestal. II. PRESENTACIÓN Los listados de ácaros e insectos considerados plagas agrícolas de impor- tancia económica en la agricultura en México, tienen una historia que inicia a principios del siglo veinte. Los dos más recientes son: la Guía de insectos nocivos para la agricultura en México elaborada por MacGregor y Gutiérrez en 1983 y el Catálogo de insectos y ácaros plaga de los cultivos agrícolas de México editado por Deloya y Valenzuela en 1999; el primer texto está caracterizado por diversos listados de ácaros e insectos considerados plagas agrícolas con sus plantas hospederas en México y el texto más reciente está elaborado por diferentes taxónomos investigadores especialistas de varios grupos de ácaros e insectos herbívoros de importancia agrícola. Para elaborar los listados de esta guía, se inició primeramente con la revisión de los dos textos antes mencionados, se prosiguió con la con- sulta de textos básicos sobre ácaros e insectos de importancia agrícola y forestal: Pacheco-Mendívil (1985), Anaya-Rosales et al. (1987), Morón y Terrón (1988), Pacheco-Mendívil (1994), Cibrián et al. (1995), Morón et al. (1997), Saunders et al. (1998), Anaya-Rosales y Romero-Nápoles (Eds.) (1999), Pacheco-Mendívil y Pacheco-Covarrubias (1999), Anaya-Rosales et al. (2000), Salas-Araiza et al. (2002), Bautista (2006), Arredondo-Ber- nal y Rodríguez-del-Bosque (Eds.) (2008 y 2015), Fontana et al. (2008), Cibrián-Tovar (2009), Marín-Jarillo (Ed.) (2012), Barrientos-Lozano et al. (2013) y Cibrián-Tovar (2013). Entre los textos que se consultaron, estu- vieron los cuatro volúmenes de “Biodiversidad, taxonomía y biogeografía de artrópodos de México: Hacia una síntesis de su conocimiento” editados por II. Presentación Llorente-Bousquets y colaboradores en 1996, 2000, 2002 y 2004. También se revisó literatura técnica editada por inifap de 1998 a 2016. Se analizaron las memorias de cuatro eventos nacionales: los simposios de Parasitología Agrícola, Parasitología Forestal y los congresos de Entomo- logía y Control Biológico entre 1992 y 2016. Las principales revistas científicas nacionales que se consultaron fueron: Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.), Agricultura Técnica en México, Agro- ciencia, Dugesiana, Entomología mexicana, Folia Entomológica Mexicana, Revista Chapingo, Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas y Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales con fechas entre 1993 y 2016; La revista Entomología mexicana de 2002 a 2016 es la que tiene más referencias en este texto, ya que es la publicación que edita la Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología, con los trabajos que se presentan anualmente desde 2002, en los Congresos Nacionales de Entomología, sien- do una publicación muy completa en el ámbito de la entomología en México. Las principales revistas internacionales que se consultaron fueron: Co- leopterists Bulletin, Entomotrópica, Environmental Entomology, Fitosani- dad, Florida Entomologist, Neotropical Entomology, Revista Colombiana de Entomología, Southwestern Entomologist, The Pan-Pacific Entomolo- gist, ZooKeys y Zootaxa editadas principalmente entre 2000 y 2016. Finalmente se revisaron cuatro colecciones de insectos con especies de importancia agrícola y forestal; la del Colegio de Postgraduados, que se revi- só vía su “Catálogo de insectos de la colección del Instituto de Fitosanidad” (Romero-Nápoles et al., 1996); la Colección Entomológica de la Dirección General de Sanidad Vegetal, Sagarpa “ColEnt-dgsv” que se visitó en pri- mera instancia en los primeros meses del año 2014 y la segunda vez el mes de agosto de 2016; la del inifap “Colección Nacional Entomológica Forestal del cenid-comef” visitada el mes de mayo de 2016 y la “Colección Cientí- fica de Entomología Forestal”. Chapingo, México. dcf, UACh, visitada en julio de 2016 y revisada via su catálogo (UACh, 2016). En dichas colecciones se revisaron tanto las especies
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