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Thesis Proposal: Title: Supervisor: Date of Submission
Name: Taderera Hebert Chisi Student Number: 612C7065 Department: History Thesis Proposal: Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Rhodes University. Title: Transformations in Hlengwe Ethnicity in Chiredzi, Zimbabwe, 1890 to 2014. Supervisor: Professor Enocent Msindo Date of Submission: 8 November 2017 0 CONTENTS Illustrations .................................... iii Dedications .................................... .iv Acknowledgements ....................... v Abstract .......................................... viivtH- Acronymns ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF EARLY HLENGWE SOCIETY ..........................................................................................................................................................5556 CHAPTER 3: HLENGWE AND THE COLONIAL ENCOUNTER IN MATIBI 2 AND SENGWE COMMUNAL AREAS, 1890s-1940s....................................................................... 99 CHAPTER 4: AFRICAN SETTLERS, COLONIAL ADMINISTRATORS AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF HLENGWE ETHNICITY, 1950s-1960s..................................... 154 CHAPTER 5: THE ROLE OF THE FREE METHODIST CHURCH MISSIONARIES IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF HLENGWE IDENTITY, 1950s-1960s.............................. 185 CHAPTER 6: ZAPU NATIONALISTS AND HLENGWE ETHNICITY: 1964-1975.......207 CHAPTER 7: REVOLUTIONARY ARMED STRUGGLE AND THE HLENGWE IDENTITY, 1975-1980................................................................................................................. -
Provisional Constitutional Referendum Polling Stations 16 March 2013 Matabeleland South Province
Matabeleland South Provisional Constitutional Referendum Polling Stations 16 March 2013 Matabeleland South Province DISTRICT CONSTITUENCY LOCAL AUTHORITY WARD# POLLING STATIONS FACILITY Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 1 Chikwalakwala Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 1 Chipise Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 1 Chitulipasi Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 1 Lungowe Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 1 Malabe Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 2 Chabili Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 2 Chapongwe Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 2 Dite Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 2 Lukumbwe Dip Tank Tent Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 2 Panda Mine Tent Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 2 Lukange Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 3 Chaswingo Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 3 Fula Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 3 Madaulo Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 3 Makombe Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge East Beitbridge RDC 3 Mandate Primary School Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge West Beitbridge RDC 4 Jopembe Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge West Beitbridge RDC 4 Mgaladivha Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge West Beitbridge RDC 4 Manazwe Area Tent Beitbridge Beitbridge West Beitbridge RDC 4 Matshiloni Primary School Beitbridge Beitbridge -
Changing Hydroclimatic and Discharge Patterns in the Northern Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe
Changing hydroclimatic and discharge patterns in the northern Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe David Love1, 2*, Stefan Uhlenbrook3,4, Steve Twomlow2 and Pieter van der Zaag3,4 1WaterNet, PO Box MP600, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe 2 ICRISAT Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, PO Box 776 Bulawayo, Zimbabwe 3 UNESCO-IHE, Westvest 7, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands 4 Department of Water Resources, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands Abstract Changing regional and global trends in climate and discharge, such as global warming-related declines in annual rainfall in south-eastern Africa, are likely to have a strong influence on water resource availability, and to increase livelihood risk. It is therefore important to characterise such trends. Information can be obtained by examining and comparing the rainfall and runoff records at different locations within a basin. In this study, trends in various parameters of temperature (4 stations), rainfall (10 stations) and discharge (16 stations) from the northern part of the Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe, were statistically analysed, using the Spearman rank test, the Mann-Kendall test and the Pettitt test. It was determined that rainfall and dis- charge in the study area have undergone a notable decline since 1980, both in terms of total annual water resources (declines in annual rainfall, annual unit runoff) and in terms of the temporal availability of water (declines in number of rainy days, increases in dry spells, increases in days without flow). Annual rainfall is negatively correlated to an index of the El Niño – Southern Oscillation phenomenon. The main areas of rising risk are an increasing number of dry spells, which is likely to decrease crop yields, and an increasing probability of annual discharge below the long-term average, which could limit blue-water availability. -
Synopsis and Case Studies
AN EVALUATION OF CLIMATE AND RUNOFF VARIABILITY AND ASSOCIATED LIVELIHOOD RISKS IN THE MZINGWANE CATCHMENT, LIMPOPO BASIN, ZIMBABWE# David Love1,2*,Stefan Uhlenbrook3, Elisha Madamombe4, Steve Twomlow2 and Pieter van der Zaag3 1 WaterNet, PO Box MP600, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe 2 ICRISAT Bulawayo, Matopos Research Station, PO Box 776 Bulawayo, Zimbabwe 3 UNESCO-IHE, Westvest 7, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands 4 Research and Data Department, Zimbabwe National Water Authority, Harare, Zimbabwe ABSTRACT Climate change occurs over relatively long time scales, although some acceleration in changes can also be seen in data of the last twenty years. The reasons for the current changes in the climatological variables might be anthropogenic (e.g. greenhouse gas emission) or natural (e.g. solar variability etc.), or most likely a combination of both reasons. An increasing body of evidence shows that greenhouse gas emissions are changing our climate significantly. Climate change is projected to substantially reduce available water (as reflected by projected runoff from a catchment) in many of the water- scarce areas of the world A statistical analysis was carried out of over fifty years of precipitation, temperature and runoff data from several locations in the Mzingwane Catchment – the portion of the Limpopo Basin that falls within Zimbabwe. The trends show declines in precipitation and runoff and increases in maximum and minimum temperatures, across the catchment. The trends observed are comparable to those predicted from some of the global circulation models (GCMs) based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emission Scenarios (IPCC (SRES)). Regression analyses show the relationships between climate variability and change and decreasing runoff. -
Water Resources Strategies to Increase Food Production in the Semi-Arid Tropics with Particular Emphasis on the Potential of Alluvial Groundwater
Water resources strategies to increase Food Production in the semi-arid troPics With Particular emPhasis on the Potential oF alluvial groundWater david love WATER RESOURCES STRATEGIES TO INCREASE FOOD PRODUCTION IN THE SEMI-ARID TROPICS WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE POTENTIAL OF ALLUVIAL GROUNDWATER WATER RESOURCES STRATEGIES TO INCREASE FOOD PRODUCTION IN THE SEMI-ARID TROPICS WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE POTENTIAL OF ALLUVIAL GROUNDWATER DISSERTATION Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the Board for Doctorates of Delft University of Technology and of the Academic Board of the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education for the Degree of DOCTOR to be defended in public on Thursday, 12 September 2013, at 12.30 hrs in Delft, the Netherlands by David LOVE Bachelor of Science, University of Zimbabwe Bachelor of Science Honours and Masters of Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa born in Lusaka, Zambia. This dissertation has been approved by the supervisors: Prof. dr. S. Uhlenbrook Prof. dr. ir. P. van der Zaag Composition of Doctoral Committee: Chairman Rector Magnificus TU Delft Vice-Chairman Rector UNESCO-IHE Prof. dr. S. Uhlenbrook UNESCO-IHE / Delft University of Technology Prof. dr. ir. P. van der Zaag UNESCO-IHE / Delft University of Technology Prof. dr. ir. H.H.G Savenije Delft University of Technology Prof.dr.ir. N.C van de Giesen Delft University of Technology Prof dr. C. de Fraiture UNESCO-IHE / Wageningen University Prof. dr. D. Mazvimavi University of the Western Cape, South Africa Dr. ir.T.N. Olsthoorn Delft University of Technology, reserve member CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2013, David Love All rights reserved. -
MIDLANDS PROVINCE - Basemap
MIDLANDS PROVINCE - Basemap Mashonaland West Chipango Charara Dunga Kazangarare Charara Hewiyai 8 18 Bvochora 19 9 Ketsanga Gota Lynx Lynx Mtoranhanga Chibara 2 29 Locations A Chitenje 16 21 R I B 4 K A CHARARA 7 Mpofu 23 K E 1 Kachuta 4 L A 12 SAFARI Kapiri DOMA 1 Kemutamba Mwami Kapiri Chingurunguru SAFARI Kosana Guruve AREA Mwami Kapiri Green Matsvitsi Province Capital Mwami Mwami Bakwa AREA Valley 5 Guruve 6 KARIBA 26 Kachiva 1 Doro Shinje Nyaodza Dora Kachiva Shinje Ruyamuro B A R I Masanga Nyamupfukudza 22 Nyama A Nyamupfukudza C e c i l m o u r 22 Town E K Kachekanje Chiwore 18 Nyakapupu K Masanga Doma 2 7 L A Gache- Kachekanje Masanga 23 Lan Doma 3 Gatse Gache lorry 5 Doma Gatse Masanga B l o c k l e y Chipuriro 2 Maumbe Maumbe Rydings GURUVE Bumi 16 Maumbe Hills Gachegache Chikanziwe 8 Kahonde Garangwe Karoi 15 Place of Local Importance Magwizhu Charles Lucky Chalala Tashinga Kareshi Crown 5 Mauya 10 11 Clarke 7 10 3 Mauya Chalala Charles Nyangoma 11 1 Karambanzungu Chitimbe Clarke Magunje 8 Nyamhondoro Hesketh Bepura Chalala Kabvunde KAROI URBAN Mugarakamwe Karambanzungu Magunje Magunje Hesketh Nyangoma Mhangura 9 Kudzanai Army Government Ridziwi Mudindo Nyamhunga Sikona ARDA 9 Mission Nyamhunga Mahororo Charles Chisape HURUNGWE Mhangura Sisi MATUSADONA Murapa Sengwe Dombo Madadzi Nyangoma Mhangura 12 Clack Karoi Katenhe Arda Kanyati Nyamhunga Enterprise Tategura Mhangura NATIONAL 17 Kapare Katenhe Karoi Mine Mhangura Sisi Mola Makande Nyadara Muitubu Mola Nyamhunga 10 Enterprise 14 Mola PARK Makande 11 Mhangura Ramwechete 11 -
DCP Situation Report 11.Pdf
SITUATION REPORT NO. 11 4th March: MAJOR INCIDENTS / ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE RAINFALL SEASON 1. Zimbabwe Hydrological Update as at 4th March 2013 - Zinwa Flows in the country’s major rivers have been increasing and decreasing in response to the rainfall activities in the country. A decrease in dam levels was recorded during the past week. There are moderate chances of flooding in the flood prone areas of Muzarabani, Gokwe, Middle Sabi, Tsholotsho and Chikwalakwala at the moment. The Zambezi River flows have been increasing as a result of the rains being experienced within the country and the Zambezi upstream countries. As of today (4 March 2013) the flows are averaging 3490m3/s which is above the expected flows of 2018m3/s at this time of the year. The Limpopo River levels remain low (2m) at the moment. Lake Kariba is now at 72.2% full after gaining 1.3% volume since the 25th of February. The current lake level is well above the 45.3% level expected at this time of the year. A Press Release notifying stakeholders of the intention to spill the dam in March was issued two weeks ago and the exact dates of spilling would be notified in due course. The national dams have decreased by 0.3% on average since the 25th of February 2013. The current level stands at 64.6% full on average. In the Gwayi Catchment which covers greater parts of Matabeleland North Province, there has been a decrease in dam levels by 0.4% since the 25th of February 2013. -
Guerrilla Veterans in Post-War Zimbabwe Symbolic and Violent Politics, 1980–1987
This page intentionally left blank Guerrilla Veterans in Post-War Zimbabwe Symbolic and Violent Politics, 1980–1987 Zimbabwe’s guerrilla veterans have burst into the international media as the storm troopers in Mugabe’s new war of economic liberation. In this book,Norma Kriger gives the unfolding contemporary drama a historical background,and shows continuities between the present and past. Between 1980 and 1987,guerrilla veterans and the ruling party colluded with and manipulated each other to build power and privilege in the army,police, bureaucracy,and among workers. Both relied chiefly on violence and ap- peals to their participation in the anti-colonial liberation war as they sought to vanquish their then political opponents. Today,violence and a liberation war discourse continue to be salient as Mugabe’s party and its guerrilla veterans struggle to maintain power through land invasions and purges of a new po- litical opposition. This study gives a critical review of guerrilla programs and the war-to-peace transitions literatures, thus changing the way we view post-conflict societies. norma kriger was on the political science faculty of the Johns Hopkins University for twelve years. Since then she has been an independent scholar. Her first book, Zimbabwe’s Guerrilla War: Peasant Voices (Cambridge University Press,1992),drew attention to the widespread use of guerrilla violence to mobilize peasants who were more interested in their own agendas than the nationalistic agenda of the guerrillas. African Studies Series 103 Editorial Board -
Sites and Species of Conservation Interest for the CESVI Project Area
SPECIES and SITES of CONSERVATION INTEREST for the CESVI PROJECT AREA, SOUTHERN ZIMBABWE edited by Rob Cunliffe October 2000 Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 7 SPECIES AND SITES OF CONSERVATION INTEREST FOR THE CESVI PROJECT AREA, SOUTHERN ZIMBABWE R. N. Cunliffe October 2000 Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No. 7 Biodiversity Foundation for Africa P.O. Box FM730, Famona, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Species and Sites for Conservation in the Southern Lowveld i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................1 2. APPROACH ...........................................................1 3. SPECIES LISTS ........................................................2 3.1 Patterns of Diversity ...............................................2 4. SPECIES OF INTEREST .................................................3 5. SITES OF INTEREST....................................................3 6. FURTHER WORK REQUIRED............................................4 7. DISCUSSION ..........................................................4 7.1 Sites of Conservation Interest ........................................4 7.2 The Need for a Broader Overview.....................................5 8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................5 9. REFERENCES .........................................................5 10. TABLES ..............................................................7 Table 1. Numbers of species of various taxa listed..............................7 Table 2. Numbers of species of -
Rhodesiana Volume 12
PUBLICATION No. 12 SE_PTEMBER 1965 ~==-- ~-:-~--- -- - -- -·-··-.-- ---~ ~.- ~-- -- ----- · . -.· ---- -::=__--_~--=--~ -~--- --:-_..:.: :...: ·_.:.__ ··;-· _- - ~~~---i;:£~ _-:--=::~':-::~o~'- ' .. - - - - ----- - •-• -- ------ - --- ----- ------- ----- _. ·:.:~:~;.:.:.. - . __..!-• i;::.:.·:.::-:..;:;: . .. - ~~- - . :,"'":=$:,_-= _._~-:-__ "' - _=- ~*- ~ - 1910 T ' t . .- -f~ _,.. 'f ' ... The Standard Bank, Umtali. 1965 ,, .... ....,..,..,• ]]))• . 151,4.sl>/l.~D 8A1' K 1111·· ; f ·. ,},~ ··· ■ ! :n . LlL~ ~ ,.,. --#..... ,.,-.... ~ WANKIE 1897-1965 - .,.. .; f I I ,' \,. .... • "' . , -·~ ;~~f! ~ l~ .~ ·::,t-~ . if~ ~;t.~~ ~;~ 1· ' .• -:.- -?"",,.,~.&f -~ ..:.,. ,~~..r~,~ •i : ""'~~-- _afa.: •-1 . • \ • ....,..,.,.., ~ L .. :,:;_• ,:.JI)'~~~-~ ~ ..... ,...... ,.. ..;- ... ~ ~ ' -:r:: !! -~ f;; '~:~;- . ·- j ,>- ·<;· ~ • ~ ~ -~~~-:~":1..-·. ~ ~ ~.,:-::,- ~= ~~- -_ _~:-:i -:.~- The first exploratory shaft was sunk at Wankie in 1897 after Albert Giese had pegged 400 square miles of claims on behalf of the Mashonaland Agency Limited. The first production and dispatch of coal by rail took place in 1903. {Anglo American Corporation) The coke works and by-products plant at Wankie Colliery Company Limited, today. The company first began operations in this area at No. 1 Colliery which is now on a caretaker basis with large areas worked out. After 1953, when administration of the company was taken over by Anglo American Corporation, mechanised mining methods were introduced at No. 2 Colliery and a third colliery, No. 3, was established west -
Zimbabwe Brief Hydrological Update 18 March 2013.Pdf
Zimbabwe Hydrological Update as at 18 March 2013 Flows in the country’s major rivers have been increasing and decreasing in response to the rainfall activities in the country. There was decrease in dam levels in the past week. There are moderate chances of flooding in the flood prone areas of Muzarabani, Gokwe, Middle Sabi, Tsholotsho and Chikwalakwala at the moment. The Zambezi River flows have been increasing as a result of the rains being experienced within the country and the Zambezi upstream countries. As of today (18 March 2013) the flows are averaging 3630m3/s which is above the expected flows of 2018m3/s at this time of the year. The Limpopo River levels remain low (1.4m) at the moment. Lake Kariba is now at 75.8% full after gaining 0.9% volume since the 11th of March. The current lake level is well above the 45.3% level expected at this time of the year. The Zambezi River Authority (ZRA) opened two spillway gates discharging a total of 1500m3/s as from the 16th of March 2013 at 1200 hrs. The national dams are at 64.9% on average since the 11th of March 2013. In the Gwayi Catchment which covers greater parts of Matabeleland North Province, there has been a decrease in dam levels by 0.1% since the 11th of March 2013. The current dam levels stand at 82.6% full on average. In the Mzingwane Catchment (mainly Matabeleland South Province), zero flows are still been recorded in the Bubye River at Bubye Bridge (B59). -
The Miracle of Lundi Mission in Zimbabwe
1 Photo by Jonathan Houser TRIBUTE TO HAPPYSON WILLIAM MATSILELE CHAUKE 1952 - 2009 Tillman Houser It is not often that men meet great men that influence their lives. Happyson Chauke was one of those in my life. Born and reared in a humble home near Lundi Mission in Zimbabwe, he never flaunted his royal ancestry. My wife and I spent thirty-five years as missionaries in Zimbabwe with our first assignment at Lundi Mission. Our two sons played with Happyson while learning his language. Happyson attended the local primary school and secondary school managed by the missionaries. Later on he returned to teach in 1976 at Lundi Mission. Missionaries were evacuated from the mission because of the danger in the area of the guerilla-type warfare when the Africans struggled to gain their independence. In the 1990s, while staying with Happyson’s family at their home in Harare, he told me that he had documented the events that had occurred at Lundi Mission in the four years until independence in 1980. I asked him to send me the account as well as other papers he had written. I immediately saw their high quality and sensed the importance of preserving them. Certainly they should be published for readers worldwide. That is the reason I have compiled the documents into the following book format. Which leads me to the observation I have often made of the distinctive qualities I have seen in those of royal blood. There was displayed a characteristic fineness in the life of Happyson. I saw pride accompanied by a natural humility in his relationships toward others.