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Evaluation Des Recoltes De La Saison 2017B Et De La Mise En Place De La Saison 2017C

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Evaluation Des Recoltes De La Saison 2017B Et De La Mise En Place De La Saison 2017C EVALUATION DES RECOLTES DE LA SAISON 2017B ET DE LA MISE EN PLACE DE LA SAISON 2017C Stock de maïs et haricot de la Coopérative NAWENUZE, Province Kirundo, Commune Busoni, juin 2017. Septembre 2017 Table des matières Liste des abréviations et acronymes .............................................................................................. 3 INTRODUCTION GENERALE ................................................................................................... 4 PARTIE I: EVALUATION DES RECOLTES DE LA SAISON 2017B ......................................... 5 I.1. PRINCIPAUX FACTEURS AYANT INFLUENCÉ LA SAISON 2017B ........................... 6 I.1.1. La pluviométrie et aléas .............................................................................................. 6 I.1.2. La disponibilité des intrants agricoles ......................................................................... 7 I.1.3. Les maladies et ravageurs des plantes ......................................................................... 8 I.2. NIVEAUX DES PRODUCTIONS POUR LA SAISON 2017B ......................................... 17 I.2.1. Productions vivrières par groupe de cultures ............................................................ 17 I.2.2. Production vivrière estimée par habitant ................................................................... 22 I.2.3. Comparaison de la production de la saison 2017B avec les saisons B antérieures (2012- 2016) ............................................................................................................................ 24 I.3. IMPACT DE LA SAISON 2017B SUR LA SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE ....................... 25 I.3.1. La disponibilité des produits alimentaires ................................................................. 25 I.3.2. Les productions vivrières de la saison 2017B vs les besoins alimentaires ............... 25 I.3.3. Offre des principaux produits vivriers sur les marchés ............................................. 29 I.3.4. Les prix des produits alimentaires ............................................................................. 30 I.3.5. Principales sources de revenus contribuant à la sécurité alimentaire des ménages au cours de la saison 2017B ......................................................................................................... 31 I.3.6. Les stratégies d’adaptation des ménages au cours de la saison 2017B ..................... 34 I.3.7. Profil des ménages les plus à risque d’insécurité alimentaire ................................... 35 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 37 PARTIE II. EVALUATION DE LA MISE EN PLACE DE LA SAISON 2017C ........................ 38 II.1. État des lieux des labours au début de la saison 2017C ........................................................ 38 II.2. Disponibilité et accessibilité des intrants agricoles pour la saison 2017C .............................. 39 II.2.1. Semences tout venant au niveau des ménages .................................................................. 39 II.2.2. Semences/matériel végétal améliorés ............................................................................... 39 II.2.3. Engrais chimiques et fumure organique ........................................................................... 40 II.3. Perspectives de récoltes pour la saison 2017C ........................................................................ 42 CONCLUSION GENERALE .................................................................................................... 42 Page 1 of 93 ANNEXES .................................................................................................................................. 43 Annexe 1: Aléas climatiques de mars à juin 2017 ...................................................................... 44 Annexe 2: Communes et régime pluviométrique observé par les agronomes communaux de mars à juin 2017 .......................................................................................................................... 46 Annexe 3: Maladies et ravageurs des cultures et effectifs des communes touchées en saison 2017B .......................................................................................................................................... 50 Annexe 4: Maladies et ravageurs des cultures de la saison 2017B ............................................. 51 Annexe 5: Variations par commune des productions vivrières par groupe de cultures de la saison 2017B par rapport à celles de 2016B (en %) ................................................................... 56 Annexe 6: Collines ayant enregistré de bonnes ou de mauvaises productions par commune en saison 2017B ............................................................................................................................... 59 Annexe 7: Productions vivrières des saisons B depuis 2012 en tonnes EC ................................ 68 Annexe 8: Productions vivrière par habitant de la saison B depuis 2012 ................................... 68 (en kg EC/habitant) ..................................................................................................................... 68 Annexe 9: Durée de consommation de la production totale et des productions par groupes de cultures de la saison 2017B ......................................................................................................... 69 Annexe 10: Effectif des communes selon la provenance et les quantités en % des produits alimentaires vendus sur les marchés des communes en juin 2017 .............................................. 70 Annexe 11: Liste des communes selon l’importance de la part du café, thé, coton et du palmier à huile dans le revenu des ménages en saison 2017B .................................................................... 71 Annexe 12: Ménages ayant du gros bétail ou du petit bétail par commune(en%) ...................... 74 Annexe 13: -Communes selon la part du gros bétail ou du petit bétail dans le revenu des ménages en saison 2017B ........................................................................................................... 77 Annexe 14:Disponibilité des semences et materiel vegetal de plantation en saison 2017C (communes en %) ........................................................................................................................ 79 Annexe 15: Liste des communes selon la disponibilité des semences et de matériel végétal en saison 2017C ............................................................................................................................... 80 Annexe 16: Semences et matériel végétal amélioré disponible au début de la saison 2017C .... 82 (Quantité par province) ............................................................................................................... 82 Annexe 17: Intervenants par commune ayant contribué à la disponibilité des semences et matériel végétal de plantation pour la saison 2017C ................................................................... 83 Annexe 18: Disponibilité des engrais chimiques au début de la saison 2017C .......................... 88 Annexe 19: Disponibilité des engrais chimiques et de la fumure organique au début de la saison 2017 C ......................................................................................................................................... 88 Annexe 20: Prix des engrais chimiques par commune au début de la saison 2017C ................. 91 Page 2 of 93 Liste des abréviations et acronymes AVEDEC Agence villageoise d'entraide et de développement communautaire BBTD Banana bunchy top disease BXW Banana xanthomonas wilt COPROSEB Coopérative de producteurs de semences du Burudni CRS Catholic relief service CUFORE Centre Universitaire de Formation et Recherche en Entrepreneuriat DAP Di-ammonium phosphate DGA Direction générale de l'agriculture DPAE Direction provinciale de l'agriculture et de l'élevage ECOFO Ecole fondamentale ENAB Enquête nationale agricole du Burundi FAO Food and agriculture organization FBu Franc du Burundi FFS Field farmer school FIDA Fonds international de développement agricole FLM Fédération luthérienne mondiale GIZ Agence allemande de coopération intarnationale ISABU Institut des sciences agronomiques du Burundi ISTEEBU Institut des études statististiques et économiques du Burundi KCl. Chlorure de potassium kg kilogramme MINAGRIE Ministère de l'agriculture et de l'élevage NPK Azote phoshore potassium ONG Organisation non gouvernementale OPA Organisation de producteurs agricoles PNSADR-IM Programme national de sécuriité alimentaire durable de l'Imbo Moso PNSEB Programme national de subvention des engrais du Burundi PRODEFI Programme de développement de filières agricles PROPAO Projet pour accélérer l'atteinde de l'OMD1c au Burundi RBu 2000 Résau Burundi 2000+ SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SRDI Société régionale de développement de l'Imbo T EC Tonne équivalent-céréales % Pourcent Page 3 of 93 INTRODUCTION GENERALE (i) Contexte et motivation La mission d’évaluation des récoltes est effectuée régulièrement au Burundi après chacune des deux grandes saisons A et B dont la contribution à la production annuelle est en moyenne de 29% et 45% respectivement1. La saison C contribue à environ 26% pour les ménages qui ont accès aux marais (environ 65% des ménages ruraux). Cette année, la saison 2017B a démarré dans un contexte caractérisé par des
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