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Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
MASTERING EVERY INTERVIEW IS THE INVESTIGATIVE INTERVIEW: A CONSTANT FIGHT FOR CONTROL Unmasking the Truth During the Covid Pandemic With Julian Sher
www.juliansher.com twitter: @juliansher email: [email protected]
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The challenge of every interview: In sports, you are lucky if you control the ball Who is in control of the ball? 50% of the game… In interviews you need to be in control 100% of the time This class will teach you how to aim for 100%
AND HOW DO YOU SCORE IN SPORTS? 3 4
For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 1 Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
THE GOAL TODAY IS TO GET YOU TO RADICALLY CHANGE How do you prepare for THE WAY YOU LOOK AT INTERVIEWS BY LOOKING AT the tough interview? THE ABCS OF GOOD INTERVIEWS:
• A: THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTERVIEWS
• B: THE FIVE RULES OF GOOD INTERVIEWS (AND HOW TO BREAK THEM)
• C: WHAT TO DO TO WHEN YOU GET INTO TROUBLE
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We focus on research, facts… but too often we ignore strategy
BEFORE YOU RUSH OFF TO YOUR INTERVIEW: You have to figure out what kind of interview you are doing 7 8
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A:/ What type of Interview are you doing? Imagine you are covering this story: Covid “Unprotected Nurses treating ACCOUNTABILITY patients die in hospital” EMOTION
INFORMATION
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Some interviews are mainly emotion, Some interviews are mainly information with some information [for example, experts] [usually your main character, the victim, the protagonist]
90% INFORMATION. 10% EMOTION 70% EMOTION. 20% INFORMATION 10% ACCOUNTABILITY
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For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 3 Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
Interviews with THE BEST INTERVIEW HAVE ALL THREE, the powerful are IN THIS ORDER: almost all accountability ACCOUNTABILITY TRUMP ON LACK OF TESTS? How guilty do you feel because you refused to supply masks and other protection? EMOTION What did the deaths of the nurses you PUTIN ON DOCTORS DYING? knew so well mean to you? INFORMATION When did you first learn about the Covid outbreak at your hospital? 80% ACCOUNTABILITY. 10% EMOTION 10% INFORMATION
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Gayle King follows the three steps with R. Kelly: Watch as Gayle King of CBS follows the three steps Information, Emotion, Accountability…. with accused sexual molester R. Kelly:
• INFORMATION: WHY ARE YOU SITTING DOWN WITH US TODAY? • EMOTION: WHAT ARE THE LIES THAT DISTURB YOU THE MOST? • ACCOUNTABILITY: -HAVE YOU DONE ANYTHING THAT YOU REGRET, HAVE YOU DONE ANYTHING WRONG? -ARE YOU SAYING EVERYBODY WAS NOT TELLING THE TRUTH? -WHY WOULD ALL THESE WOMEN TELL THESE STORIES ABOUT YOU?
Watch full interview: http://tinyurl.com/yxunxczu 15 16
For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 4 Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
SO BEFORE YOU RUSH OFF TO YOUR NEXT INTERVIEW, DECIDE WHAT PERCENTAGE OF YOUR QUESTIONS WILL FALL INTO EACH CATGEORY: ACCOUNTABILITY B.The Basic EMOTION Rules for Good INFORMATION Interviews
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1. ASK OPEN-ENDED NOT CLOSED QUESTIONS: • ALWAYS ASK THE 5 Ws:
WHO? WHAT? WHERE? You get the answers you deserve WHY? WHEN? • Don’t blame the interviewee • AVOID YES/NO ANSWERS • Ask a stupid question, you get a stupid answer So how can we ask smarter questions? 19 20
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2. DON'T GIVE PEOPLE WATCH WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A BOY WHO NEARLY DIED FROM E COLI ANSWERS EVERY YES OR NO QUESTION WITH… A YES OR NO EASY ESCAPE ROUTES:
• ASK ONE QUESTION ONLY • DON’T GIVE THEM EASY CHOICES • WATCH FOR THE UNNEEDED ADJECTIVE • OR PHRASE OR THE UNNEEDED FACT
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Not keeping your eye on the ball…
• QUESTION: IS THERE EVER A POINT AT WHICH YOU DON’T THINK YOU CAN COME BACK? AND WHAT’S YOUR MINDSET?
WHAT IS WRONG WITH THAT QUESTION? IT IS NOT A QUESTION – IT’S TWO QUESTIONS!!!
Watch bad sports interviews: http://tinyurl.com/y9wh75ah AND WHICH ONE DO YOU THINK HE WILL ANSWER? 23 24
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A basketball team was losing the game badly until the last minute… Your interview subject We want to know how the players felt -- and how they managed to win victory at the last minute? will always go for the easiest shot
• QUESTION: IS THERE EVER A POINT AT WHICH YOU DON’T THINK YOU CAN COME BACK? AND WHAT’S YOUR MINDSET? • PLAYER: NO. • QUESTION: SO TELL ME ABOUT THAT – • PLAYER: THANK YOU
THIS IS THE ANSWER WE WANT – WHAT WERE YOU YOU THINKING WHEN THE GAME LOOKED HOPELESS?? BUT HE GOES FOR THE EASY ANSWER – DID YOU Watch the interview: http://tinyurl.com/y9wh75ah EVER THINK YOU WOULD LOSE?
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When a question mark comes out of 3. BASIC IS BEAUTIFUL - KEEP IT your mouth… CLEAN AND SIMPLE
AVOID LOADED OR CONTROVERSIAL WORDS…
• STOP TALKING!!!!
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OBAMA IS OBAMA SEIZES ON ONE WORD: QUESTIONNED ABOUT HOSTAGES IN IRAN:
QUESTION: As you well know, there are four Americans in Iran - three held on trumped up charges according to your administration, one, whereabouts unknown. Can you tell the country, sir, why you are content, with all of the fanfare around this [nuclear] deal to leave the conscience of this nation, the strength of this nation, unaccounted for, in relation to these four Americans?
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OBAMA SEIZES ON 4. THE WORST QUESTION IS NOT ONE WORD TO ESCAPE: ASKING ONE • AVOID MAKING STATEMENTS, OPINIONS • DO NOT GET INTO A DEBATE – YOU WILL QUESTION: As you well know, there are four Americans in Iran - three held on trumped up ALWAYS LOSE charges according to your administration, one, whereabouts unknown. Can you tell the country, sir, why you are content, with all of the fanfare around this [nuclear] deal to leave the conscience of this nation, the strength of this nation, unaccounted for, in relation to these four Americans? WHY WILL JOURNALISTS WILL ALWAYS LOSE? (EVEN IF YOU ARE SMARTER…) WATCH VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/ybl47zx4 31 32
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BECAUSE IT’S AN UNFAIR FIGHT. DEBATES CAN BE FUN TO WATCH BUT WE DON’T LEARN ANYTHING THEY CAN LIE, DEFLECT AND MAKE STUFF UP. YOU CAN’T
WATCH VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/mvuklfn
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A debate means they turn the tables and start asking YOU the questions. Watch what happens Morgan Freeman vs Mike Wallace: when Morgan Freeman takes on Mike Wallace over Black History Month:
MORGAN FREEMAN’S ANSWERS ARE ALL QUESTIONS:
Ø You going to relegate my history to a month? Ø Which one is yours? Ø Which month is white history month? Ø Which month is Jewish history month?
WATCH FULL VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/ztfk4u3 Ø Do you want one?
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For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 9 Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
5. LISTEN, LISTEN, LISTEN Anderson Cooper listens to every word • GRAB THEIR WORDS, from the Mayor of Las Vegas - and is MAKE THEM YOURS AND ready to jump and push back THROW THEM BACK
• AND LISTEN NOT JUST TO THE WORDS, BUT TO THE MEANING – WHAT ARE THEY REALLY SAYING?
WATCH FULL INTERVIEW: https://tinyurl.com/ya5qpfnl
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Anderson Cooper vs Mayor of Las Vegas
He listens to what her words MEAN and also what she SAYS:
Ø She never says “I have no plan” but Cooper exposes that is the meaning of her words Ø She does say Las Vegas could be a “control group” and Cooper jumps on that Ø She never says she herself would not go to the casinos but Cooper makes it clear that’s the result of her words
WATCH FULL INTERVIEW: https://tinyurl.com/ya5qpfnl
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C:/WHAT TO DO WHEN YOU GET INTO RECAP: Five Basic Rules of Interviews TROUBLE • 1. ASK OPEN-ENDED NOT Because face it - you are going to lose CLOSED QUESTIONS more than you will win… • 2. DON'T GIVE PEOPLE ANY EASY ESCAPE ROUTES • 3. BASIC IS BEAUTIFUL - KEEP IT CLEAN AND SIMPLE • 4. THE WORST QUESTION IS NOT ASKING ONE • 5. LISTEN, LISTEN, LISTEN
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WHAT TO DO : TROUBLE TIP #1: WHEN THE INTERVIEW TURNS Fight Back - Don’t be afraid to stand up INTO AN ARGUMENT for yourself
Be Firm – By Cutting it off, By taking an Aggressive Approach or by using Humour
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For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 11 Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
Don’t be afraid to stand up for yourself: IN LEBANON: Rima Karaki vs. Sheikh Hani Al-Siba’i Weijia Jiang of CBS News challenges Trump on a racist insult…
WATCH VIDEO: http://tinyurl.com/yd56qf8o WATCH FULL INTERVIEW: https://tinyurl.com/ya5qpfnl 45 46
TIP#2: DON’T LOSE FOCUS But you need to fight smart: • PAULA REID OF CBS KEEPS PUSHING TRUMP ABOUT WHY HE DID NOTHING IN THE MONTH OF FEBRUARY TIP #2:Don’t lose focus
WATCH FULL INTERVIEW: https://tinyurl.com/y7lxnxqj
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DON’T LOSE FOCUS • PAULA REID OF CBS KEEPS PUSHING TRUMP ABOUT Fight Smart: WHY HE DID NOTHING IN THE MONTH OF FEBRUARY TIP #3: KEEP ASKING THE SAME QUESTION • WHAT DID YOU DO WITH THE TIME THAT BOUGHT? • BUT WHAT DID YOU DO WITH THE TIME THAT YOU BOUGHT –THE MONTH OF FEBRUARY. THAT VIDEO HAS A GAP? • YOU HAD CASES IN FEBRUARY - • THE ENTIRE MONTH OF FEBRUARY, YOUR VIDEO HAS A COMPLETE GAP • WHAT DID YOUR ADMINSTRAION DO IN FEBRUARY WITH THE TIME YOUR TAVEL BAN BOUGHT? • IT WASN’T THERE, THERE WAS GAP.
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TIP #3: KEEP ASKING THE SAME QUESTION • KAITLIN COLLINS OF CNN KEEPS PUSHING TRUMP KAITLIN COLLINS OF CNN KEEPS PUSHING TRUMP ABOUT “TOTAL AUTHORITY” ABOUT “TOTAL AUTHORITY”
• YOU SAID WHEN SOMEONE IS PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, THEIR AUTHORITY IS TOTAL. THAT IS NOT TRUE.
• HAS ANY GOVERNOR AGREED THAT YOU HAVE THE AUTHORITY?
• BUT WHO TOLD YOU THAT THE PREISDENT HAS TOTAL AUTHORITY?
TRUMP: ”Enough!”
WATCH FULL INTERVIEW: https://tinyurl.com/yatcaxnc 51 52
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One final, funny example: BBC’s Jeremy Paxman takes on a reluctant politician
• In this BBC example, Jeremy Paxman is asking a Conservative Party leader: “Did you threaten to overrule him?” • As you watch his grilling, imagine you are confronting Brazil President Jair Bolsonaro over his Covid mess by asking him: “Did you threaten to fire your health minister?” • Or imagine you are asking Tanzanian President President John Magufuli about his promotion of Madagascar’s ‘herbal cures’ by asking him: “What proof do you have that the miracle cure works?” WATCH FULL INTERVIEW: http://tinyurl.com/ybnjq628
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The Three Types of Interview Questions: TO RECAP: THE ABCS OF WHAT WE LEARNED TODAY ACCOUNTABILITY
• A: THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF INTERVIEWS EMOTION
• B: THE FIVE RULES OF GOOD INTERVIEWS (AND HOW TO BREAK THEM) INFORMATION • C: WHAT TO DO TO WHEN YOU GET INTO TROUBLE
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For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 14 Investigative Interviews (Covid) - Julian Sher 2020-05-18 2020
Five Basic Rules of Interviews WHAT TO DO TO WHEN YOU GET INTO TROUBLE • 1. ASK OPEN-ENDED NOT CLOSED QUESTIONS • 2. DON'T GIVE PEOPLE ANY EASY ESCAPE ROUTES ØDON’T BE AFRAID TO STAND UP FOR • 3. BASIC IS BEAUTIFUL - KEEP YOURSELF AND FIGHT BACK IT CLEAN AND SIMPLE • 4. THE WORST QUESTION IS ØDON’T LOSE FOCUS NOT ASKING ONE • 5. LISTEN, LISTEN, LISTEN ØKEEP ASKING THE SAME QUESTION, KEEP PUSHING 57 58
Download versions of this presentation: www.juliansher.com/training MORE RESOURCES: www.juliansher.com/covid19
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MASTERING THE INVESTIGATIVE INTERVIEW: Unmasking the Truth During the Covid Pandemic
With Julian Sher
KEEP IN TOUCH… www.juliansher.com twitter: @juliansher www.juliansher.com [email protected] twitter: @juliansher email: [email protected] 61 62
For more, see www.juliansher.com/training 16