Modern Organ Tuning
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Electrophonic Musical Instruments
G10H CPC COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION G PHYSICS (NOTES omitted) INSTRUMENTS G10 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS (NOTES omitted) G10H ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS (electronic circuits in general H03) NOTE This subclass covers musical instruments in which individual notes are constituted as electric oscillations under the control of a performer and the oscillations are converted to sound-vibrations by a loud-speaker or equivalent instrument. WARNING In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme. 1/00 Details of electrophonic musical instruments 1/053 . during execution only {(voice controlled (keyboards applicable also to other musical instruments G10H 5/005)} instruments G10B, G10C; arrangements for producing 1/0535 . {by switches incorporating a mechanical a reverberation or echo sound G10K 15/08) vibrator, the envelope of the mechanical 1/0008 . {Associated control or indicating means (teaching vibration being used as modulating signal} of music per se G09B 15/00)} 1/055 . by switches with variable impedance 1/0016 . {Means for indicating which keys, frets or strings elements are to be actuated, e.g. using lights or leds} 1/0551 . {using variable capacitors} 1/0025 . {Automatic or semi-automatic music 1/0553 . {using optical or light-responsive means} composition, e.g. producing random music, 1/0555 . {using magnetic or electromagnetic applying rules from music theory or modifying a means} musical piece (automatically producing a series of 1/0556 . {using piezo-electric means} tones G10H 1/26)} 1/0558 . {using variable resistors} 1/0033 . {Recording/reproducing or transmission of 1/057 . by envelope-forming circuits music for electrophonic musical instruments (of 1/0575 . -
Pvc Pipe Instrument Instructions
Pvc Pipe Instrument Instructions Oaken Nealon fannings finitely and prescriptively, she metricates her twink guzzle unpopularly. Adulterated and rechargeable Jedediah retired her fastenings tinge while Brodie cycle some Callum palingenetically. Disappointing Terrence infix no mainbraces dovetails incontinently after Parnell pep unmeritedly, quite surbased. All your instrument designed for pvc pipe do it only cut down lightly tapping around the angle grid, until i think of a great volume of musical instruments can This long cylindrical musical instrument is iconic of Australia's aboriginal culture which dates back some 40000. Plant combinations perennials beautiful gardens, instructions for the room for wood on each section at creative instrument storage arrangements, but is made of vinyl chloride. Instruments in large makeover job. Any help forecasters predict the sound wave vibration is sufficient to hold a lower cost you need to accommodate before passing. If you get straight line and coupling so we want in large volume of each and. Hand-held Hubble PVC instructions HubbleSite. Make gorgeous Balloon Bassoon a beautiful reed musical instrument. Turn pvc instruments stringed instrument oddmusic is placed a plumber will help businesses find a particular flute theory, instruction booklet and. No matter how long before you like i simply browse otherwise connected, instruction booklet and reduce test grades associated with this? The pipe and the instrument is. Shipping Instructions David Kerr Violin Shop Inc. 4 1 inch length PVC pipes PVC pipe is sold at Lowe's Home Improvement. Then drain and family a commentary on. Building and Analysis of a PVC Pipe Instrument Using. Sounds of pvc water pipes are designed to help you are after a wood playset kits and less capable of tools in protective packing material. -
Music and Materials: Art and Science of Organ Pipe Metal Catherine M
Music and materials: Art and science of organ pipe metal Catherine M. Oertel and Annette Richards The following article is based on a Symposium X (Frontiers of Materials Research) presentation given at the 2016 MRS Spring Meeting in Phoenix, Ariz. Historical pipe organs offer rich insights into the relationships between materials and music in the past, and they represent a laboratory for contemporary materials science. Recent cross- disciplinary research has explored problems of conservation and corrosion in old organ pipes. The ability of some notable European Baroque organs to produce sound is threatened by atmospheric corrosion of their lead-tin alloy pipes. Organic acids emitted from the wood of organ cases are corrosive agents for lead-rich pipes. Laboratory exposure experiments were used to study the roles of humidity and alloy composition in the susceptibility to organic acid attack. The rates of growth, as well as the compositions and morphologies of the corrosion products were studied using gravimetry, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy of surfaces and cross sections. This interdisciplinary project provides one model for the interplay of scientifi c and humanities research in addressing materials problems in cultural heritage. Introduction was designed by Müller in conjunction with the best architects, From the 14th century until the end of the 18th century, painters, and sculptors of the day. The young Mozart played at the dawn of the industrial revolution, the organ was the on this instrument, and today, it draws organists and audi- embodiment of scientifi c and artistic universality. Tracing a ences from all around the world. -
Intraoral Pressure in Ethnic Wind Instruments
Intraoral Pressure in Ethnic Wind Instruments Clinton F. Goss Westport, CT, USA. Email: [email protected] ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Initially published online: High intraoral pressure generated when playing some wind instruments has been December 20, 2012 linked to a variety of health issues. Prior research has focused on Western Revised: August 21, 2013 classical instruments, but no work has been published on ethnic wind instruments. This study measured intraoral pressure when playing six classes of This work is licensed under the ethnic wind instruments (N = 149): Native American flutes (n = 71) and smaller Creative Commons Attribution- samples of ethnic duct flutes, reed instruments, reedpipes, overtone whistles, and Noncommercial 3.0 license. overtone flutes. Results are presented in the context of a survey of prior studies, This work has not been peer providing a composite view of the intraoral pressure requirements of a broad reviewed. range of wind instruments. Mean intraoral pressure was 8.37 mBar across all ethnic wind instruments and 5.21 ± 2.16 mBar for Native American flutes. The range of pressure in Native American flutes closely matches pressure reported in Keywords: Intraoral pressure; Native other studies for normal speech, and the maximum intraoral pressure, 20.55 American flute; mBar, is below the highest subglottal pressure reported in other studies during Wind instruments; singing. Results show that ethnic wind instruments, with the exception of ethnic Velopharyngeal incompetency reed instruments, have generally lower intraoral pressure requirements than (VPI); Intraocular pressure (IOP) Western classical wind instruments. This implies a lower risk of the health issues related to high intraoral pressure. -
Natural Capital in the Colorado River Basin
NATURE’S VALUE IN THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN NATURE’S VALUE IN THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN JULY, 2014 AUTHORS David Batker, Zachary Christin, Corinne Cooley, Dr. William Graf, Dr. Kenneth Bruce Jones, Dr. John Loomis, James Pittman ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was commissioned by The Walton Family Foundation. Earth Economics would like to thank our project advisors for their invaluable contributions and expertise: Dr. Kenneth Bagstad of the United States Geological Survey, Dr. William Graf of the University of South Carolina, Dr. Kenneth Bruce Jones of the Desert Research Institute, and Dr. John Loomis of Colorado State University. We would like to thank our team of reviewers, which included Dr. Kenneth Bagstad, Jeff Mitchell, and Leah Mitchell. We would also like to thank our Board of Directors for their continued support and guidance: David Cosman, Josh Farley, and Ingrid Rasch. Earth Economics research team for this study included Cameron Otsuka, Jacob Gellman, Greg Schundler, Erica Stemple, Brianna Trafton, Martha Johnson, Johnny Mojica, and Neil Wagner. Cover and layout design by Angela Fletcher. The authors are responsible for the content of this report. PREPARED BY 107 N. Tacoma Ave Tacoma, WA 98403 253-539-4801 www.eartheconomics.org [email protected] ©2014 by Earth Economics. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. FUNDED BY EARTH ECONOMICS i ABSTRACT This study presents an economic characterization of the value of ecosystem services in the Colorado River Basin, a 249,000 square mile region spanning across mountains, plateaus, and low-lying valleys of the American Southwest. -
A Solar Farm Prototype Design That Achieves Net-Zero Status and Economic Development at the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument in Arizona, Usa
Environmental Impact IV 397 A SOLAR FARM PROTOTYPE DESIGN THAT ACHIEVES NET-ZERO STATUS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AT THE ORGAN PIPE CACTUS NATIONAL MONUMENT IN ARIZONA, USA NADER CHALFOUN University of Arizona, College of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture, USA ABSTRACT Faculty and students of the House Energy Doctor (HED) Master of Science program at the University of Arizona’s College of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture are currently engaged in a multi-year effort towards accomplishing a vision that would preserve the heritage of the Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument (OPNM) buildings while transforming its status into the first net-zero park in the United States. The project is a collaboration with experts in heritage architecture from the park and students and faculty of HED. During the years, 2015 and 2016, of the project, two major park-built areas have been redeveloped; the Visitor Center and the Residential loop. While the work on the visitor center was documented and published in WIT STREMAH 2017, Alicante, Spain, this paper presents the recent work performed in 2016 on the one-mile residential loop. Three major tasks have been accomplished in this built area and focused on transforming the existing 13 residences into net-zero operation. The first accomplishment is the energy efficiency achieved through the use of energy performance simulation and integration of advanced environmental systems. The second, is the economic impact through the alternative designs developed in Studio 601 that focused on regional sustainable energy efficient high-performance buildings using latest environmental technologies for indoor and outdoor spaces. Development of the residential loop conformed to Mission 66 standards while added an important education trail component to the complex. -
Perfect Pitch and Pitch Standardization
Ian Watson Qualitative Research Methods Department of Sociology Rutgers University Spring 2000 PITCH STANDARDIZATION AND PERFECT PITCH This is really two studies in one. The first is a discussion of the social process of pitch standardization. Nature gives us a smooth continuum of audible sound frequencies on which there are an infinite number of points. But the frequencies of the pitches we actually hear every day cluster around just a few socially conventional points. The first part of this paper tries to explain how and why that happens. It differs from other accounts of pitch standardization (such as Lloyd 1954) in that it tries to show how pitch standardization is just one of many kinds of social coordination, and that all these sorts of coordination share abstract features in common. The second part of this study is a report of six interviews with people who have perfect pitch (also called absolute pitch). Perfect pitch is, among other things, the ability to hear a musical note and then instantly give the name of its pitch. This part of the study is, on the one hand, simply an ethnographic report of the things I learned during six relatively open-ended short interviews with people who have perfect pitch. However, it is my conviction that one cannot come to a full understanding of perfect pitch without a full understanding of pitch standardization. In this sense the first part of the study is simply a preliminary to the second part. Indeed, I propose the thesis that no one would be able to develop perfect pitch if the pitches they hear around them were not distributed categorically, in clusters around a 1 few dozen socially conventional focal points. -
Compendium of Quality Musical Instruments Compiled by Myron Peterson, Urbandale High School Thanks to All Contributors Noted Below
Compendium of Quality Musical Instruments Compiled by Myron Peterson, Urbandale High School Thanks to all contributors noted below. Flute Good Better Best Yamaha 362 Yamaha 462 Pearl 765 Pearl 665 Miyazawa 102 Miyazawa 402 Trevor James Cantabile Miyazawa 202 Piccolo Good Better Best Yamaha YPC32 Yamaha YPC-62 Keefe Any model Yamaha YPC-81, 82 Hammig Any model Emerson Boston Legacy Hammig 650/2 or 3 Merchants: Rieman's Music Uptempo Music West Music, Coralville, IA Woodwind Brasswind Miyazawa Flutes Hammig Piccolos Contributors Margaret Kegel Amy Sams Compendium of Quality Musical Instruments Compiled by Myron Peterson, Urbandale High School Thanks to all contributors noted below. Oboe Good Better Best Fox Renard 300 Fox Renard 330, 330 Protégé Yamaha TOB-831 or 841 Fox 450 Loree Royal Rigoutat Rlec Fossati Howarth Bassoon Good Better Best Fox Renard 222 Fox Renard 220 Merchants: Rieman's Music Uptempo Music Woodwind Brasswind Midwest Musical Importswww.mmimports.com/index.html Contributors Leslie Fleer Jade Fox Cassidy Noring Melanie Spohnheimer Compendium of Quality Musical Instruments Compiled by Myron Peterson, Urbandale High School Thanks to all contributors noted below. Clarinet (B-Flat) Good Better Best Selmer CL211 Buffet Crampon E11 / E13 Buffet Crampon R13 Yamaha 450 Series YCL450N Yamaha CSVR Selmer Paris Signature B16(followed by any combination of Mouthpieces letters / numbers) Better Best Hite Premiere Vandoren M15 or Vandoren M30 Fobes Debut Fobes San Francisco Series (many options here) Vandoren B45 Bass Clarinet (B-flat) -
Organ Stop Layout
CATHEDRAL RUFFATI ORGAN PIPE AND DIGITAL STOP LIST Pipe Stop PEDAL Pipe Reed Stop Digital Stop Clarion 4’ Rschlmei 4’ Trumpet Clarion 4’ 8’ Bombarde 16 Contra Contrabombarde Fagotta 16’ 32 Basson 16 Cbombarde 32 Octavin 2 CTrptte 16’ CBasson 32 Nachthorn 4’ Super Octave 4’ Choralbass 4’ Mixture Nachthorn 4’ Flute 8’ Subbass 16 Bordun 16’ Octave 8 Gedeckt Pommer 16 Bourdon 16’ Principal 16’ Principal 16’ Open Wood 16’ Contra Bourdon 32 TO ACCESS THE DIGITAL STOPS 1. Hold SET Button and pull draw knob of piston you wish to access 2. Use dial on right side of organ to select voice. Most have 2 voices, some have more. 3. Depress E to access the digital voice along with the pipe voice located on that drawknob 4. Depress P to mute the pipe sound and use only digital on that manual 5. Always depress “EXP on” piston to gain complete control over the volume of the organ with the sw/ch pedals 6. The “P” and “E” pistons on Great controls the pipe digital divisions for the manual as well as the pedal CATHEDRAL RUFFATI ORGAN PIPE AND DIGITAL STOP LIST SWELL Tremulant Unison Off Affects digital stops also Swell Swell 16 4 Vox Humana Clarion 4 V Humaine 8’ Clairon 4 Strings Clarion 4 Slow Strings Trompette 8 Trompette 8 Oboe 8’ Trumpet 8 Hautbois 8 Htbois 8 Tierce Contra 1 3/5 Fagotto 16 Tierce 1 3/5 Basoon 16 Cymbale III Fourniture C Trptte 16 IV Doublette 2’ Nazard Flauto 2 2/3 Venezian 4 Principal 4 Prestant 4 Unda Maris Gedeckt 8’ Bourdon 8’ Fl Harm 8 Viola Celeste 8’ Viola Pomposa 8 Diapason 8 Geigen Principal 8’ Gedect Pommer 16 Bdn Doux 16 C Gambe -
An Explanation of the Organ Stops
PREFACE TO THE ENGL ISH EDITION. M" O Sto s n for paper on rgan p , origi ally written a course o f of lectmures to organists, was published by the desire of a com ittee teachers . In altering and enlarging the o for riginal work the press , I was struck by the number of on con struc and excellence literary works the organ , its o ti n, preservation , and pitch . It is evident, however, that in these on ly a limited space cou ld be devoted to the o f n -five . o rgan stops During a practice twe ty years , inter - o spersed with numerous concert tours, and ccasional calls o o s upon me as an expert, I have made rgan st p , their ff o d . peculiarity and ac ustic e ects, my special stu y u o In working p this material, extending as it does vmer o v of divers pr inces musical science, I secured the welco e co - o i u perat on of several highly experienced colleag es . B fo all ff P o Dr A o of f. e re others, I o er to r F rster, B h for hi s erne, my warmest t anks kindness in stimulating and facilitating my studies by the loan of books on physical an d t . a acoustics, by highly interes ing experiments I lso W ish to offer my best thanks to the organ - builders wh o have thoroughly revised that portion of my work treatin g on - n the technicalities of organ buildi g . -
TC 1-19.30 Percussion Techniques
TC 1-19.30 Percussion Techniques JULY 2018 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release: distribution is unlimited. Headquarters, Department of the Army This publication is available at the Army Publishing Directorate site (https://armypubs.army.mil), and the Central Army Registry site (https://atiam.train.army.mil/catalog/dashboard) *TC 1-19.30 (TC 12-43) Training Circular Headquarters No. 1-19.30 Department of the Army Washington, DC, 25 July 2018 Percussion Techniques Contents Page PREFACE................................................................................................................... vii INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PERCUSSION PLAYING ................................................. 1-1 History ........................................................................................................................ 1-1 Definitions .................................................................................................................. 1-1 Total Percussionist .................................................................................................... 1-1 General Rules for Percussion Performance .............................................................. 1-2 Chapter 2 SNARE DRUM .......................................................................................................... 2-1 Snare Drum: Physical Composition and Construction ............................................. -
A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems
A CONTEMPORARY STUDY OF MUSICAL ARTS INFORMED BY AFRICAN INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS VOLUME 1 THE ROOT – FOUNDATION Meki Nzewi Ciimda series A contemporary study of musical arts informed by African indigenous knowledge systems Volume 1 Author: Meki Nzewi Music typesetting & illustrations: Odyke Nzewi Reviewer and editor: Christopher Walton Copy editor: Hester Honey Music instrument illustrations: Themba Simabine Proofreading: Chérie M. Vermaak Book design and typesetting: Janco Yspeert ISBN 978-1-920051-62-4 © 2007 Centre for Indigenous Instrumental African Music and Dance (Ciimda) First edition, first impression All rights reserved Production management: Compress www.compress.co.za CONTENTS INTRODUCTION vii MODULE 101: MUSICAL STRUCTURE AND FORM 1 UNIT 1 – REVIEW OF THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC WRITING 3 TOPIC 1 Symbols for writing music 3 TOPIC 2 Graphic representation of pitches 6 TOPIC 3 Identifying and writing intervals or steps 9 TOPIC 4 Measurement of musical time 16 UNIT 2 – COMPONENTS, STRUCTURE AND FORM OF A MELODY 20 TOPIC 1 Aural and visual features of a melody 20 TOPIC 2 The structure of a melody 21 UNIT 3 – TONE/PITCH ORDER, SCALE SYSTEM AND KEYS 31 TOPIC 1 Tone order 31 TOPIC 2 Scale system 33 TOPIC 3 Keys 34 MODULE 102: FACTORS OF MUSIC APPRECIATION 47 UNIT 1 – FACTORS OF MUSIC-KNOWING AND MUSIC APPRECIATION IN INDIGENOUS AFRICAN CULTURES 49 TOPIC 1 Pulse in African music 49 TOPIC 2 Music and dance relationship in African musical arts 51 TOPIC 3 Cultural sonic preferences 52 TOPIC 4 Cultural rhythm 52 TOPIC 5 Psychical tolerance