Academia and the Occult / ESP and Psychologists Bigfoot in Lewiston / Parental Expectations of Miracles Downfall of a Would-Be Psychic
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the Skeptical Inquire Academia and the Occult / ESP and Psychologists Bigfoot in Lewiston / Parental Expectations of Miracles Downfall of a Would-Be Psychic Published by the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal VOL. V, NO. 1 FALL 1980 th'Skeptical Inquirer THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER (formerly THE ZETETIC) is the official journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. Editor Kendrick Frazier. Editorial Board George Abell, Martin Gardner, Ray Hyman, Philip J. Klass, Paul Kurtz, James Randi. Consulting Editors James E. Alcock, Isaac Asimov, William Sims Bainbridge, John Boardman, Milbourne Christopher, John R. Cole, Richard de Mille, Eric J. Dingwall, C. E. M. Hansel, E. C. Krupp, James Oberg, Robert Sheaffer. Assistant Editor Doris Hawley Doyle. Production Editor Betsy Offermann. Business Manager Lynette Nisbet. Staff Mary Rose Hays, Jean Millholland, Leslie Kaplan. The Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Paul Kurtz, Chairman; philosopher, State University of New York at Buffalo. Lee Nisbet, Executive Director; philosopher, Medaille College. Fellows of the Committee: George Abell, astronomer, UCLA; James E. Alcock, psychologist, York Univ., Toronto; Isaac Asimov, chemist, author; Irving Biederman, psychologist, SUNY at Buffalo; Brand Blanshard, philosopher, Yale; Bart J. Bok, astronomer, Steward Observatory, Univ. of Arizona; Bette Chambers, A.H.A.; Milbourne Christopher, magician, author; Daniel Cohen, author; L. Sprague de Camp, author, engineer; Eric J. Dingwall, anthropologist, author; Bernard Dixon, European Editor, Omni; Paul Edwards, philosopher, Editor, Encyclopedia of Philosophy; Charles Fair, author; Antony Flew, philosopher, Reading Univ., U.K.; Kendrick Frazier, science writer, Editor, THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER; Yves Galifret, Exec. Secretary, I'Union Rationaliste; Martin Gardner, author, Scientific American; C. E. M. Hansel, psychologist, Univ. of Wales; Sidney Hook, prof, emeritus of philosophy, NYU; Richard Hull, philosopher, SUNY at Buffalo; Ray Hyman, psy chologist, Univ. of Oregon; Leon Jaroff, Senior Editor, Time; Lawrence Jerome, science writer, engineer; Richard Kammann, psychologist, Univ. of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Philip J. Klass, science writer, engineer; Marvin Kohl, philosopher, SUNY at Fredonia; Lawrence Kusche, science writer; Ernest Nagel, prof, emeritus of philosophy, Columbia University; James E. Oberg, science writer; James Prescott, psychologist; W. V. Quine, philosopher, Harvard Univ.; James Randi, magician, author; Carl Sagan, astronomer, Cornell Univ.; Evry Schatzman, President, French Physics Association; Robert Sheaffer, science writer; B. F. Skinner, psychologist, Harvard Univ.; Marvin Zelen, statistician, Harvard Univ.; Marvin Zimmerman, philosopher, SUNY at Buffalo. (Affiliations given for identification only.) Manuscripts, letters, books for review, and editorial inquiries should be addressed to The Editor, THE SKEP TICAL INQUIRER, 3025 Palo Alto Dr., N.E., Albuquerque, N.M. 87111. Subscriptions, changes of address, and advertising should be addressed to: THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER, Box 29, Kensington Station. Buffalo, N.Y. 14215. Old address as well as new are necessary for change of subscriber's address, with six weeks advance notice. Inquiries from the media about the work of the Committee should be made to Paul Kurtz, Chairman, CSICOP, 1203 Kensington Ave., Buffalo, N.Y. 14215. Tel.: (716) 834-3223. Copyright © 1980 by The Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. 1203 Ken sington Ave., Buffalo, N.Y. 14215. Subscription rates: Individuals, libraries, and institutions, $15 a year; back issues, {5.00 each (vol. I, no. I, through vol. 2, no. 2, $7.50 each). Postmaster: THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER is published quarterly—Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter. Printed in the U.S.A. Second-class postage paid at Buffalo, New York, and additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send change of address to THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER, BOX 29, Kensington Station, Buffalo, N.Y. 14215. the Skeptical Inquirer * THE ZETETIC Journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Vol. V No. 1 ISSN 0194-6730 Fall 1980 2 NEWS AND COMMENT Cattle mutilations / Jupiter noneffect /1979 not a good year for psychics / UFOs / Paranormal schoolbooks / Guide for students / Uri awards / Mummy's curse / Ma Bell a Gemini / Museum of quackery / In brief 17 PSYCHIC VIBRATIONS THE VELIKOVSKY AFFAIR 20 Ideas in Collision, by James Oberg 28 Passions and Purposes: A Perspective, by Henry J. Bauer 32 The Distortions Continue, by Kendrick Frazier ARTICLES 39 Academia and the Occult: An Experience at Arizona, by J. Richard Greenwell 47 Belief in ESP Among Psychologists, by Vernon R. Padgett, Victor A. Benassi, and Barry F. Singer 49 Bigfoot on the Loose: Or How to Create a Legend, by Paul Kurtz 55 Parental Expectations of Miracles: A Case Study, by Robert A. Steiner 61 Downfall of a Would-Be Psychic, by Donald H. McBurney and Jack K. Greenberg 63 Parapsychology Research: Interview with Ray Hyman, by Jeffrey Mishlove BOOK REVIEWS 68 Barry Fell, Saga America (John R. Cole) 71 John White, Pole Shift (Robert Schadewald) 74 Lee J. Elders, Brit Nilsson-Elders, and Thomas K. Welch, UFO . Contact from the Pleiades (David A. Schroth) 77 Books in Progress 79 Some Recent Books 80 Articles of Note 84 FROM OUR READERS Letters from M. Hammerton, Lawrence E. Jerome, Stanton T. Friedman, Jack Robinson, William Sims Bainbridge, and Ray Harwell Cover illustration of Immanuel Velikovsky by Tom Toles. News and Comment Cattle mutilations: Mystery deflated, mutologists miffed When the results of the first federally without much skeptical inquiry, des funded study of the so-called cattle- criptions of animals' rectums, sex mutilation phenomenon were announced organs, eyes, and tongues neatly this spring in Santa Fe, New Mexico, excised "with surgical precision" (this the reaction itself was highly revealing. phrase was used frequently), claims of "Total unadulterated bullshit," is how "no physical evidence of predators" at one self-proclaimed Colorado-based the scene, and, occasionally, reports of "mutologist" (as cattle-mutilation buffs strange lights or the sound of aircraft in call themselves) termed the study's find the sky. ings. This restrained comment referred Given the misinformation and wild to the conclusion by study director Ken statements that had been floating neth M. Rommel, Jr., that normal pre about, Rommel said he expected his dator and scavenger action accounted conclusions to come under strong criti for all the claimed "mutilations" in cism, as they quickly did. It was clear vestigated during the one-year project. that many people wanted strongly to Reporters quickly found people to believe in the UFO, bizarre-cult, and quote who disagreed with the conclu government-conspiracy theories. They sions, and letters to the editor appeared certainly didn't want any mundane in various publications from persons explanation like predator action. As for proclaiming that there had to be some the "mutologists" who had been doing explanation other than predators. Even their own "investigations," they seemed the Albuquerque Journal, New Mexi more interested in keeping alive the co's largest newspaper, which had pub "mystery" than in arriving at any resolu lished several articles in the past two tion, especially a nonexotic one. The years promoting exotic theories about sociological aspects are strongly remin the mutilations, printed an editorial iscent of other popular "true mystery" comparing Rommel to Richard Nixon, phenomena, such as UFO reports and because both had been critical of the psychic claims. news media. Rommel had found that Rommel had been appointed to sensationalized and inaccurate reports head up the animal mutilations pro in some newspapers and magazines ject in April 1979 after Santa Fe District were indeed a part of the problem. Attorney Eloy Martinez managed to These articles had disseminated. get a $44,000 grant for it from the U.S. 2 THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER Examples of news articles contributing to misinformation Law Enforcement Assistance Adminis diagnostic laboratories of nine state tration. That came shortly after a rather universities. He and several associates strange federal hearing on cattle mutila investigated 24 suspected mutilations tions held in Albuquerque in the spring reported in New Mexico during the of 1979, under the instigation of U.S. period of the study, most of which were Senator Harrison Schmitt of New Mex in the northern part of the state, and ico (SI. Fall 1979, p. 11). collected and reviewed information on Rommel is a retired 28-year vete 90 reported mutilations in New Mexico ran of the FBI, where he spent 11 years since 1975. in counterespionage work and 15 in Rommel stated his conclusions bank robbery investigation. At the forthrightly: "I am of the opinion that beginning of Rommel's two-hour news all of the mutilations investigated by me briefing in the State Capitol announc were caused by, and totally consistent ing the study results this past April 15, with what one would expect to find Martinez said Rommel was known with, normal predation, scavenger among his peers as "hard-nosed, thor activity, and normal decomposition of ough, intelligent, and totally compe a dead animal. tent." It was clear also that he wasn't the "Further, based on my investiga type to brook much nonsense. tion, I am of the opinion that, with pos