Simple Present Tense Singular
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Grammar Workshop Verb Tenses
Grammar Workshop Verb Tenses* JOSEPHINE BOYLE WILLEM OPPERMAN ACADEMIC SUPPORT AND ACCESS CENTER AMERICAN UNIVERSITY SEPTEMBER 29, 2 0 1 6 *Sources consulted: Purdue OWL and Grammarly Handbook What is a Verb? Every basic sentence in the English language must have a noun and a verb. Verbs are action words. Verbs describe what the subject of the sentence is doing. Verbs can describe physical actions like movement, less concrete actions like thinking and feeling, and a state of being, as explained by the verb to be. What is a Verb? There are two specific uses for verbs: Put a motionless noun into motion, or to change its motion. If you can do it, its an action verb. (walk, run, study, learn) Link the subject of the sentence to something which describes the subject. If you can’t do it, it’s probably a linking verb. (am, is) Action Verbs: Susie ran a mile around the track. “Ran” gets Susie moving around the track. Bob went to the book store. “Went” gets Bob moving out the door and doing the shopping at the bookstore. Linking Verbs: I am bored. It’s difficult to “am,” so this is likely a linking verb. It’s connecting the subject “I” to the state of being bored. Verb Tenses Verb tenses are a way for the writer to express time in the English language. There are nine basic verb tenses: Simple Present: They talk Present Continuous: They are talking Present Perfect: They have talked Simple Past: They talked Past Continuous: They were talking Past Perfect: They had talked Future: They will talk Future Continuous: They will be talking Future Perfect: They will have talked Simple Present Tense Simple Present: Used to describe a general state or action that is repeated. -
The Syntax of Simple and Compound Tenses in Ndebele Joanna Pietraszko*
Proc Ling Soc Amer Volume 1, Article 18:1-15 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v1i0.3716 The Syntax of simple and compound tenses in Ndebele Joanna Pietraszko* Abstract. It is a widely accepted generalization that verbal periphrasis is triggered by in- creased inflectional meaning and a paucity of verbal elements to support its realization. This work examines the limitations on synthetic verbal forms in Ndebele and argues that periphrasis in this language arises via a last-resort grammatical mechanism. The proposed trigger of auxiliary insertion is c-selection – a relation between inflectional categories and verbs. Keywords. verbal periphrasis; default auxiliary; c-selection; Ndebele; Bantu 1. Introduction. This paper focuses on the mechanics of default periphrasis – a phenomenon where a default verb (an auxiliary) appears in a complex inflectional context. I provide an anal- ysis of two types of compound tenses in Ndebele:1 Perfect and Prospective tenses, arguing that periphrastic expressions in those tenses are triggered by c-selectional features on T heads. The type of verbal periphrasis we find in Ndebele is known as the overflow pattern of auxiliary use (Bjorkman, 2011), and is illustrated in (1),2 where Present Perfect and Simple Future are synthetic (there is no auxiliary), but Future Perfect is periphrastic (1-c). (1) Default periphrasis in Ndebele: a. U- ∅- dl -ile Present Perfect/Recent Past (synthetic) 2sg- PST- eat -FS.PST ‘You have eaten/you ate recently’. b. U- za- dl -a Simple Future (synthetic) 2sg- FUT- eat -FS ‘You will eat’. c. U- za- be u- ∅- dl -ile Future Perfect (periphrastic) 2sg- FUT- aux 2sg- PST- eat -FS.PST ‘You will have eaten’. -
Modals and Auxiliaries 12
Verbs: Modals and Auxiliaries 12 An auxiliary is a helping verb. It is used with a main verb to form a verb phrase. For example, • She was calling her friend. Here the word calling is the main verb and the word was is an auxiliary verb. The words be , have , do , can , could , may , might , shall , should , must , will , would , used , need , dare , ought are called auxiliaries . The verbs be, have and do are often referred to as primary auxiliaries. They have a grammatical function in a sentence. The rest in the above list are called modal auxiliaries, which are also known as modals. They express attitude like permission, possibility, etc. Note the forms of the primary auxiliaries. Auxiliary verbs Present tense Past tense be am, is, are was, were do do, does did have has, have had The table below illustrates the application of these primary verbs. Primary auxiliary Function Example used in the formation of She is sewing a dress. continuous tenses I am leaving tomorrow. be in sentences where the The missing child was action is more important found. than the subject 67 EBC-6_Ch19.indd 67 8/12/10 11:47:38 PM when followed by an We are to leave next infinitive, it is used to week. indicate a plan or an arrangement denotes command You are to see the Principal right now. used to form the perfect The carpenter has tenses worked well. have used with the infinitive I had to work that day. to indicate some kind of obligation used to form the He doesn’t work at all. -
Evidence from the Spanish Present Tense Julio Cesar Lopez Otero Purdue University
Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Open Access Theses Theses and Dissertations 4-2016 Bilingualism effects at the syntax-semantic interface: Evidence from the Spanish present tense Julio Cesar Lopez Otero Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses Part of the Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Lopez Otero, Julio Cesar, "Bilingualism effects at the syntax-semantic interface: Evidence from the Spanish present tense" (2016). Open Access Theses. 789. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/789 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. Graduate School Form 30 Updated 12/26/2015 PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Thesis/Dissertation Acceptance This is to certify that the thesis/dissertation prepared By Julio César López Otero Entitled BILINGUALISM EFFECTS AT THE SYNTAX-SEMANTICS INTERFACE: EVIDENCE FROM THE SPANISH PRESENT TENSE For the degree of Master of Arts Is approved by the final examining committee: Alejandro Cuza-Blanco Chair Daniel J. Olson Mariko Wei To the best of my knowledge and as understood by the student in the Thesis/Dissertation Agreement, Publication Delay, and Certification Disclaimer (Graduate School Form 32), this thesis/dissertation adheres to the provisions of Purdue University’s “Policy of Integrity in Research” and the use of copyright material. Approved by Major Professor(s): Alejandro Cuza-Blanco Approved by: Madeleine Henry 4/18/2016 Head of the Departmental Graduate Program Date ! i! BILINGUALISM EFFECTS AT THE SYNTAX-SEMANTIC INTERFACE: EVIDENCE FROM THE SPANISH PRESENT TENSE A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University by Julio César López Otero In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts May 2016 Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana ! ii! ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Quisiera agradecer a todas las personas que me han ayudado a terminar esta tesis. -
Verb Tense NC State Writing and Speaking Tutorial Services ∗ NC State Graduate Writing Center Go.Ncsu.Edu/Wsts ∗ 919.515.3163 ∗ Go.Ncsu.Edu/Gwc
Verb Tense NC State Writing and Speaking Tutorial Services ∗ NC State Graduate Writing Center go.ncsu.edu/wsts ∗ 919.515.3163 ∗ go.ncsu.edu/gwc Introduction English verb tenses tell when an action took place, whether or not it ended, and what effect it has on a situation. There are three basic time periods when actions can occur (past, present, and future) and four aspects (simple, perfect, progressive, and perfect progressive). When combined, the resulting tenses give information about the action in a sentence. The chart below gives examples of the results of these combinations: Simple Perfect Progressive Perfect Progressive Past Arrived Had arrived Was/were arriving Had been arriving Present Arrive Has/have arrived Am/is/are arriving Has/have been arriving Future Will arrive Will have arrived Will be arriving Will have been arriving Note: You may have noticed that many of these tenses have additional words (e.g., had, am, will) preceding them. These are known as auxiliaries, and are used to form many English verb tenses. In fact, only two English verb tenses (simple past and simple present) do not use auxiliaries. Simple Tenses: Simple tenses convey a sense of a completed action without strict regard to time or when the action began or ended. Perfect Tenses: Unlike the simple tenses, the perfect tenses do indicate a relationship between two points in time such as a relationship between a past action and present circumstances. For perfect tenses, the action taken is finite: it has ended or will end. Progressive Tenses: In the progressive tenses, an action is still occurring or is otherwise incomplete, and the tense may not indicate when the action will end. -
Constructions and Result: English Phrasal Verbs As Analysed in Construction Grammar
CONSTRUCTIONS AND RESULT: ENGLISH PHRASAL VERBS AS ANALYSED IN CONSTRUCTION GRAMMAR by ANNA L. OLSON A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Master of Arts in Linguistics, Analytical Stream We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard ............................................................................... Dr. Emma Pavey, PhD; Thesis Supervisor ................................................................................ Dr. Sean Allison, Ph.D.; Second Reader ................................................................................ Dr. David Weber, Ph.D.; External Examiner TRINITY WESTERN UNIVERSITY September 2013 © Anna L. Olson i Abstract This thesis explores the difference between separable and non-separable transitive English phrasal verbs, focusing on finding a reason for the non-separable verbs’ lack of compatibility with the word order alternation which is present with the separable phrasal verbs. The analysis is formed from a synthesis of ideas based on the work of Bolinger (1971) and Gorlach (2004). A simplified version of Cognitive Construction Grammar is used to analyse and categorize the phrasal verb constructions. The results indicate that separable and non-separable transitive English phrasal verbs are similar but different constructions with specific syntactic reasons for the incompatibility of the word order alternation with the non-separable verbs. ii Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... -
1 Regular Verbs Simple Present, Simple Past and Present Perfect
Regular Verbs with sound of /t/ Regular Verbs Simple Present, Simple Past and Present Perfect Tenses This is a list of Regular Verbs. These verbs use -ed for the simple past tense and the past participle. The –ed ending sounds like /t/ I will read the base form, the simple past tense and the past participle of the verb. Then, I will read the verb in three sentences, a simple present tense sentence, a simple past tense sentence and a present perfect tense sentence. There will be time for you to repeat the verbs and sentences. Try it, it is good practice! Base Past Past Participle Sentences Ask asked asked Simple present tense The teacher asks questions every day. Simple past tense The teacher asked questions yesterday. Present perfect tense The teacher has asked questions since class began. Bake baked baked Simple present tense She bakes a cake every week. Simple past tense She baked a cake last night. Present perfect tense She has baked a cake every week for many years. Cook cooked cooked Simple present tense I cook dinner every night. Simple past tense I cooked dinner last night. Present perfect tense I have cooked dinner every night for two weeks. Cough coughed coughed Simple present tense Abdullahi coughs a lot because he is sick. Simple past tense Abdullahi coughed a lot because he was sick. Present perfect tense Abdullahi has coughed a lot for almost a week. Clap clapped clapped Simple present tense The children always clap their hands. Simple past tense The children clapped their hands 10 minutes ago. -
A New Syntax Theory
VOLUME 9 | SPRING 2020 PARTICIPANT BAR THEORY: A NEW SYNTAX THEORY Daniel M. Packer & Michael Hamilton Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters Abstract in the present tense and past tense, I first present the syntactic differences between the present tense and past I endeavor to introduce, justify, and ultimately tense in Welsh. After an explanation of the differences persuade for acceptance of a new syntax theory titled in syntactic structure between present tense and past “Participant Bar Theory.” In order to understand the tense sentences in Cymraeg, I explain the morphological purpose of Participant Bar Theory, it is essential to formation of verbs, provide definitions of subject have an understanding of the inherent issues of X-bar pronouns, and discuss the relationship between the verb Theory. Also, an introductory-level understanding of and subject. Finally, I will present a new syntactic tree the morphology and syntax of simple present tense and structure, which I name “syntantic tree.” This structure, simple past tense of Welsh will serve the reader well, which is the visual representation of this new syntactic for Welsh will be the language with which I will defend theory, which I name “Participant Bar Theory,” proposes Participant Bar Theory. This paper will also introduce a synthesis of verb-topicalization and participant a new term, which I have coined as “syntantics,” a acknowledgement in order to account for the VSO word blending of “syntax” and “semantics,” for the purpose order in all Welsh tenses, except for the present tense. of rationalizing Participant Bar Theory. This paper will show two syntantic trees (Figures 8 and 9) that illustrate To present the basics of Cymraeg syntax, I the past tense. -
ENGLISH to the EASIEST LANGUAGE INTERNATIONAL VOCABULARY Cell Phone Dictionary Most Cost and Time Efficient Solution to Communication Between All Languages
ENGLISH TO THE EASIEST LANGUAGE INTERNATIONAL VOCABULARY Cell Phone Dictionary Most cost and time efficient solution to communication between all languages. Can be learned in 1/10 the time. Used worldwide. Humans need to understand each other, especially in emergencies. This language has been scientifically proved to be the easiest to learn in the world, It uses mostly easy to learn international word roots. Studies show that only 600- 999 word roots in Esperanto can provide 80-99 percent understanding of most conversations. Has easy to learn international vocabulary. By knowing English you already can recognize about a half of the words. No Genders or Idioms to memorize. Mi helpas Lisa. I help Lisa. La telephono estas blua From Wesley Arnold Warren Mi 2013 for educational use The telephone is blue. La kato estas sur la tablo. The cat is on the table. Mia nomo estas Lisa My name is Lisa. Profesoro Arnold instruas en la universitato. (instructs in the the university.) Everything is regular, no exceptons and common prefixes & suffixes spare you from learning thousands of words. Learn the bolded words in this dictionary first then mark and learn additional words you use often. This can give you 90- 99% understanding of most conversations. See my research book for scientific studies. The endings of present, past and future of all verbs can be learned in 2 minutes. Try doing that in any other language! Learn in 3 Minute reads during free time It has only 16 grammar rules with no exceptions. Rreplace 100's of English rules and exceptions. -
MAGISTÉRIO INGLÉS Y, Sro
MAGISTÉRIO INGLÊS CONCURSO DE ADMISSÃO -2010 ao CFO/QC -2011 PROVA DE CONHECIMENTOS ESPECÍFICOS MAGISTÉRIO INGLÉS y, sro QUESTÃO ÚNICA SU T DE ENSINO 10,000 pontos distribuídos em 40 itens 41. Choose the alternative in which all the words have the same sound /9/. (A) north - with - thing (B) breathe - worth - that (C) youth - through - though (D) bath - cloth - third (E) clothes - south - these 42. According to place and manner of articulation the consonant p is classified as: (A) dental and fricative. (B) nasal and labiodental. (C) affricate and palatal. (D) fricative and alveolar. (E) plosive and bilabial. 43. Choose the alternative with the prefixes that correctly form the opposite of the words below: dependent-able-patient (A) un-un-in (B) in-in-un (C) in - dis - im (D) im - un - un (E) in - un - im 44. Choose the alternativa that correctly completes the sentence: I want to travel somewhere . (A) excited (B) excite (C) excitable (D) exciting (E) exciter 45. Choose the alternative that correctly names the parts of speech, in the order they appear, in the sentence below: Maybe they left very quickly. (A) modifier - pronoun - verb - intensifier - adverb (B) adverb - noun - adjective - adjective - adverb (C) adjective - pronoun - verb - determiner - adjective (D) determiner - noun - verb - intensifier - adverb (E) noun - pronoun - intensifier - adverb - determiner 46. How many nouns are in the sentence below? João and Maria live with their mother and father. (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5 47. Choose the alternative that correctly shows the missing words in the sentence below: The teacher explained . -
Irregular Verbs Simple Present, Simple Past and Present Perfect Tenses
Irregular Verbs Irregular Verbs Simple Present, Simple Past and Present Perfect Tenses This is a list of Irregular Verbs. I will read the base form, the simple past tense and the past participle of the verb. Then, I will read the verb in three sentences, a simple present tense sentence, a simple past tense sentence and a present perfect tense sentence. There will be time for you to repeat the verbs and sentences. Try it, it is good practice! Base Past Past Participle Sentences Be was / were been Simple present tense I am in class now. Simple past tense I was in class yesterday. Present perfect tense I have been in class since 6:30pm. Become became become Simple present tense Many people become U.S. citizens every year. Simple past tense My sister became a U.S. citizen last month. Present perfect tense My sister has just become a U.S. citizen. Begin began begun Simple present tense We begin class at 8:30am every day. Simple past tense We began class at 8:30am yesterday Present perfect tense We have just begun class. Bend bent bent Simple present tense Maria always bends the straw. Simple past tense Maria bent the straw and put it in the can of soda. Present perfect tense Maria has bent the straw many times. Bite bit bitten Simple present tense Some dogs bite people Simple past tense A dog bit a man yesterday. Present perfect tense Those dogs have bitten people a few times. 1 Irregular Verbs Base Past Past participle Sentences Blow blew blown Simple present tense The wind blows all the time. -
Word Power 60 Español Básico &
word poowweerr p Use this manual to learn basic concepts and language patterns that appear throughout the WordPower vocabularies. Sentences are included to help you and your clients practice talking with the software. Word-based Vocabularies for TouchChat, NovaChat & ChatFusion AAC Devices Copyright 2019 Nancy L. Inman, M.A.T., CCC-SLP Speech-Language Pathologist Acknowledgments Special thanks in completion of this manual and written support to Rena Carney, Meghan Conover and Lisa Timm. Nancy L. Inman Table of Contents Welcome to WordPower _________________ 5 What is WordPower? _________________ 8 Overlay Design _________________ 9 WordPower20 Simply _________________ 10 WordPower25 Touch & Scan _________________ 14 WordPower42, WordPower48, WordPower60, WordPower108 __________ 18 WordPower42 Basic & WordPower60 Basic _________________ 23 WordPower80, WordPower108 with Keyboard _________________ 29 WordPower140 Scan & Touch _________________ 34 WordPower48 Español _________________ 41 WordPower48 Español Básico _________________ 53 WordPower60 Español Básico _________________ 64 WordPower60 Español Básico Comparison Doc _________________ 76 3 Fourteen WordPower Vocabulary Files: Currently there are 14 WordPower vocabularies, which have been developed for a variety of clients, ages, and needs. They range from simple to complex, while maintaining consistency architecture and design. There are three Spanish files, and two vocabularies arranged for switch scanners, WordPower25 Touch & Scan & WordPower140 Scan & Touch. English Español WordPower20