Subcellular View of Host–Microbiome Nutrient Exchange in Sponges
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The Architecture of Cell Differentiation in Choanoflagellates And
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/452185; this version posted October 29, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 The architecture of cell differentiation in choanoflagellates 2 and sponge choanocytes 3 Davis Laundon1,2,6, Ben Larson3, Kent McDonald3, Nicole King3,4 and Pawel 4 Burkhardt1,5* 5 1 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, 6 Plymouth, PL1 2PB, United Kingdom 7 2 Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom 8 3 Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA 9 4 Howard Hughes Medical Institute 10 5 Sars International Centre for Molecular Marine Biology, University of Bergen, 11 Thormohlensgate 55, 5020 Bergen, Norway 12 6 Current Affiliation: University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom 13 14 *Correspondence [email protected] 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/452185; this version posted October 29, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 26 SUMMARY 27 Collar cells are ancient animal cell types which are conserved across the animal 28 kingdom [1] and their closest relatives, the choanoflagellates [2]. -
Bioactive Compounds from the Marine Sponge Geodia Barretti
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Pharmacy 32 Bioactive Compounds from the Marine Sponge Geodia barretti Characterization, Antifouling Activity and Molecular Targets MARTIN SJÖGREN ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS ISSN 1651-6192 UPPSALA ISBN 91-554-6534-X 2006 urn:nbn:se:uu:diva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eodia barretti , s y m ' i " Balanus improvius a ' 56C! ! %& ' ! ' ( )*+' ' ,-*)./0 ' # E ./0' #$ 4..5 $6$%# 4.5 %676$768 -
Functional Equivalence and Evolutionary Convergence In
Functional equivalence and evolutionary convergence PNAS PLUS in complex communities of microbial sponge symbionts Lu Fana,b, David Reynoldsa,b, Michael Liua,b, Manuel Starkc,d, Staffan Kjelleberga,b,e, Nicole S. Websterf, and Torsten Thomasa,b,1 aSchool of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and bCentre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; cInstitute of Molecular Life Sciences and dSwiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; eSingapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Republic of Singapore; and fAustralian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia Edited by W. Ford Doolittle, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, and approved May 21, 2012 (received for review February 24, 2012) Microorganisms often form symbiotic relationships with eukar- ties (11, 12). Symbionts also can be transmitted vertically through yotes, and the complexity of these relationships can range from reproductive cells and larvae, as has been demonstrated in those with one single dominant symbiont to associations with sponges (13, 14), insects (15), ascidians (16), bivalves (17), and hundreds of symbiont species. Microbial symbionts occupying various other animals (18). Vertical transmission generally leads equivalent niches in different eukaryotic hosts may share func- to microbial communities with limited variation in taxonomy and tional aspects, and convergent genome evolution has been function among host individuals. reported for simple symbiont systems in insects. However, for Niches with similar selections may exist in phylogenetically complex symbiont communities, it is largely unknown how prev- divergent hosts that lead comparable lifestyles or have similar alent functional equivalence is and whether equivalent functions physiological properties. -
Comparing Deep-Sea Sponges of the Species Geodia Barretti from Different Locations in the North Atlantic
Comparing deep-sea sponges of the species Geodia barretti from different locations in the North Atlantic Isabel Ordaz Németh The study of genetic and geographic structures of populations for poorly studied species is not exactly straightforward. It is difficult to accurately compare populations of a species from which no genetic data is available. So, is there a way of comparing populations of such as species? There is one possibility, which is by using genetic markers called “Exon-Primed Intron- Crossing” (EPIC) markers. These markers, which are first designed for well-studied species, find a specific piece of DNA that all individuals of a species have. So, by using the markers we can, for example, take the same DNA fragment from several individuals that come from different locations. Then we translate the DNA fragments of these individuals and look at how different they are. This can give us a lot of information about the relationships within and between the populations of a species, as well as its history. Since a lot of genetic information is conserved across different species, we can test these markers on a species that we barely know, and the probability of finding a corresponding DNA fragment can still be quite high. EPIC markers could be very useful for different studies but they haven’t been extensively used since they are relatively new. In this project, the markers were tested on samples of the deep-sea sponge Geodia barretti. The sponges that were used came from different locations; from the Mediterranean Sea, to the coast of Norway, and all the way to the other side of the Atlantic, by the Eastern coast of Canada. -
Background Document for Deep-Sea Sponge Aggregations 2010
Background Document for Deep-sea sponge aggregations Biodiversity Series 2010 OSPAR Convention Convention OSPAR The Convention for the Protection of the La Convention pour la protection du milieu Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic marin de l'Atlantique du Nord-Est, dite (the “OSPAR Convention”) was opened for Convention OSPAR, a été ouverte à la signature at the Ministerial Meeting of the signature à la réunion ministérielle des former Oslo and Paris Commissions in Paris anciennes Commissions d'Oslo et de Paris, on 22 September 1992. The Convention à Paris le 22 septembre 1992. La Convention entered into force on 25 March 1998. It has est entrée en vigueur le 25 mars 1998. been ratified by Belgium, Denmark, Finland, La Convention a été ratifiée par l'Allemagne, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, la Belgique, le Danemark, la Finlande, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, la France, l’Irlande, l’Islande, le Luxembourg, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom la Norvège, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal, and approved by the European Community le Royaume-Uni de Grande Bretagne and Spain. et d’Irlande du Nord, la Suède et la Suisse et approuvée par la Communauté européenne et l’Espagne. Acknowledgement This document has been prepared by Dr Sabine Christiansen for WWF as lead party. Rob van Soest provided contact with the surprisingly large sponge specialist group, of which Joana Xavier (Univ. Amsterdam) has engaged most in commenting on the draft text and providing literature. Rob van Soest, Ole Tendal, Marc Lavaleye, Dörte Janussen, Konstantin Tabachnik, Julian Gutt contributed with comments and updates of their research. -
Sponge Grounds As Key Marine Habitats: a Synthetic Review of Types, Structure, Functional Roles, and Conservation Concerns
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/300316780 Sponge Grounds as Key Marine Habitats: A Synthetic Review of Types, Structure, Functional Roles, and Conservation Concerns Chapter · April 2016 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17001-5_24-1 CITATIONS READS 10 1,765 17 authors, including: Manuel Maldonado Ricardo Aguilar Spanish National Research Council Oceana 125 PUBLICATIONS 3,487 CITATIONS 57 PUBLICATIONS 354 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Raymond John Bannister James Bell Institute of Marine Research in Norway Victoria University of Wellington 32 PUBLICATIONS 418 CITATIONS 202 PUBLICATIONS 3,091 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Atlantic sponges View project Transgenerational acclimation of sponges in a changing environment View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ellen L. Kenchington on 24 April 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Sponge Grounds as Key Marine Habitats: A Synthetic Review of Types, Structure, Functional Roles, and Conservation Concerns Manuel Maldonado, Ricardo Aguilar, Raymond J. Bannister, James J. Bell, Kim W. Conway, Paul K. Dayton, Cristina Díaz, Julian Gutt, Michelle Kelly, Ellen L. R. Kenchington, Sally P. Leys, Shirley A. Pomponi, Hans Tore Rapp, Klaus Rutzler,€ Ole S. Tendal, Jean Vacelet, and Craig M. Young Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................. 3 -
Oxygen Requirements of the Earliest Animals
Oxygen requirements of the earliest animals Daniel B. Millsa,1,2, Lewis M. Warda,b,1, CarriAyne Jonesa,c, Brittany Sweetena, Michael Fortha, Alexander H. Treuscha, and Donald E. Canfielda,2 aDepartment of Biology and Nordic Center for Earth Evolution, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; bDepartment of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125; and cDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3 Contributed by Donald E. Canfield, January 14, 2014 (sent for review August 26, 2013) A rise in the oxygen content of the atmosphere and oceans is one 0.36% PAL, depending primarily on the organism’s length, of the most popular explanations for the relatively late and abrupt width, and possession of a vascular system (19). For example, appearance of animal life on Earth. In this scenario, Earth’s surface although an animal limited by pure diffusion for its internal environment failed to meet the high oxygen requirements of ani- oxygen supply is estimated to require 10% PAL to reach milli- mals up until the middle to late Neoproterozoic Era (850–542 mil- meter width (15), a diffusion-limited, 600-μm-long by 25-μm- lion years ago), when oxygen concentrations sufficiently rose to wide worm is estimated to require ∼0.36% PAL, with a 3-mm- permit the existence of animal life for the first time. Although long by 67-μm-wide worm with a circulatory system requiring multiple lines of geochemical evidence support an oxygenation only ∼0.14% PAL (19). Therefore, these estimates suggest that of the Ediacaran oceans (635–542 million years ago), roughly cor- early animals, in general, may have had relatively low oxygen responding with the first appearance of metazoans in the fossil requirements. -
Shifts in Archaeaplankton Community Structure Along Ecological Gradients of Pearl Estuary Jiwen Liu1, Shaolan Yu1, Meixun Zhao2, Biyan He3,4 & Xiao-Hua Zhang1
RESEARCH ARTICLE Shifts in archaeaplankton community structure along ecological gradients of Pearl Estuary Jiwen Liu1, Shaolan Yu1, Meixun Zhao2, Biyan He3,4 & Xiao-Hua Zhang1 1College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; 2Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; 3State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; and 4School of Bioengineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/femsec/article/90/2/424/2680468 by guest on 01 October 2021 Correspondence: Xiao-Hua Zhang, College Abstract of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, The significance of archaea in regulating biogeochemical processes has led to China. Tel./fax: +86 532 82032767; an interest in their community compositions. Using 454 pyrosequencing, the e-mail: [email protected] present study examined the archaeal communities along a subtropical estuary, Pearl Estuary, China. Marine Group I Thaumarchaeota (MG-I) were predomi- Received 18 April 2014; revised 29 July nant in freshwater sites and one novel subgroup of MG-I, that is MG-Im, was 2014; accepted 31 July 2014. Final version proposed. In addition, the previously defined MG-Ia II was grouped into two published online 28 August 2014. clusters (MG-Ia II-1, II-2). MG-Ia II-1 and MG-Ik II were both freshwater- a k DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12404 specific, with MG-I II-1 being prevalent in the oxic water and MG-I II in the hypoxic water. Salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and pH were the most Editor: Gary King important determinants that shaped the differential distribution of MG-I sub- groups along Pearl Estuary. -
A Phylogeographic Study of the Deep-Sea Sponge Geodia Barretti Using Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing (EPIC) Markers
A phylogeographic study of the deep-sea sponge Geodia barretti using Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing (EPIC) markers Isabel Ordaz Németh Degree project in biology, Bachelor of science, 2014 Examensarbete i biologi 15 hp till kandidatexamen, 2014 Biology Education Centre and Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University Supervisors: Mikael Thollesson and Paco Cárdenas Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 The Poriferan Bauplan 4 Ecology and importance 4 Phylogeny and evolution 5 Geodia barretti 5 Genetic markers: Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing 8 Aims of the project 9 Materials and Methods 10 Finding introns 10 Sample dataset 10 PCR program 11 Electrophoresis 12 Purification and sequencing 12 Software used 12 Designing and testing new primers 13 Analysis of the data 14 Results 15 Evaluation of the universal primers 15 Pairwise distances between the sponges 15 Phylogenetic trees 17 Discussion 19 PCR troubleshooting 19 Pairwise distance matrix and phylogenetic trees 19 Conclusion 22 Acknowledgements 22 References 23 Appendix 25 2 Abstract Background: There is a limited number of genetic markers suitable for phylogeographic and population genetic studies in non-model organisms, particularly various marine invertebrates, such as sponges. The possibility of using Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing (EPIC) markers in the deep-sea sponge species Geodia barretti is explored in this project. The sponge specimens that were tested came from different localities of the North Atlantic. Results: An EPIC marker was found to show genetic variability among the sponge specimens. Based on the resulting DNA sequences of the sponges, a phylogenetic analysis was made, which showed the genetic connectivity among them. Conclusions: EPIC markers are effective genetic markers variable enough to apply them to poorly studied marine species such as G. -
Modeling the Distribution of Geodia Sponges and Sponge Grounds in the Northwest Atlantic
Modeling the Distribution of Geodia Sponges and Sponge Grounds in the Northwest Atlantic Anders Knudby1*, Ellen Kenchington2, Francisco Javier Murillo2,3 1 Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, 2 Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, 3 Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Programa de Pesquerías Lejanas, Vigo, Spain, Abstract Deep-sea sponge grounds provide structurally complex habitat for fish and invertebrates and enhance local biodiversity. They are also vulnerable to bottom-contact fisheries and prime candidates for Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem designation and related conservation action. This study uses species distribution modeling, based on presence and absence observations of Geodia spp. and sponge grounds derived from research trawl catches, as well as spatially continuous data on the physical and biological ocean environment derived from satellite data and oceanographic models, to model the distribution of Geodia sponges and sponge grounds in the Northwest Atlantic. Most models produce excellent fits with validation data although fits are reduced when models are extrapolated to new areas, especially when oceanographic regimes differ between areas. Depth and minimum bottom salinity were important predictors in most models, and a Geodia spp. minimum bottom salinity tolerance threshold in the 34.3-34.8 psu range was hypothesized on the basis of model structure. The models indicated two currently unsampled regions within the study area, the deeper parts of Baffin Bay and the Newfoundland and Labrador slopes, where future sponge grounds are most likely to be found. Citation: Knudby A, Kenchington E, Murillo FJ (2013) Modeling the Distribution of Geodia Sponges and Sponge Grounds in the Northwest Atlantic. -
The Comparative Embryology of Sponges Alexander V
The Comparative Embryology of Sponges Alexander V. Ereskovsky The Comparative Embryology of Sponges Alexander V. Ereskovsky Department of Embryology Biological Faculty Saint-Petersburg State University Saint-Petersburg Russia [email protected] Originally published in Russian by Saint-Petersburg University Press ISBN 978-90-481-8574-0 e-ISBN 978-90-481-8575-7 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-8575-7 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010922450 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Preface It is generally assumed that sponges (phylum Porifera) are the most basal metazoans (Kobayashi et al. 1993; Li et al. 1998; Mehl et al. 1998; Kim et al. 1999; Philippe et al. 2009). In this connection sponges are of a great interest for EvoDevo biolo- gists. None of the problems of early evolution of multicellular animals and recon- struction of a natural system of their main phylogenetic clades can be discussed without considering the sponges. These animals possess the extremely low level of tissues organization, and demonstrate extremely low level of processes of gameto- genesis, embryogenesis, and metamorphosis. They show also various ways of advancement of these basic mechanisms that allow us to understand processes of establishment of the latter in the early Metazoan evolution. -
From Boreo-Arctic North-Atlantic Deep-Sea Sponge Grounds
fmars-07-595267 December 18, 2020 Time: 11:45 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 18 December 2020 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.595267 Reproductive Biology of Geodia Species (Porifera, Tetractinellida) From Boreo-Arctic North-Atlantic Deep-Sea Sponge Grounds Vasiliki Koutsouveli1,2*, Paco Cárdenas2, Maria Conejero3, Hans Tore Rapp4 and Ana Riesgo1,5* 1 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom, 2 Pharmacognosy, Department Edited by: Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 3 Analytical Methods-Bioimaging Facility, Royal Botanic Chiara Romano, Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom, 4 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, Centre for Advanced Studies 5 Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior of Blanes (CEAB), Spanish National de Investigaciones Científicas, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales Calle de José Gutiérrez Abascal, Madrid, Spain Research Council, Spain Reviewed by: Sylvie Marylène Gaudron, Boreo-arctic sponge grounds are essential deep-sea structural habitats that provide Sorbonne Universités, France important services for the ecosystem. These large sponge aggregations are dominated Rhian G. Waller, University of Gothenburg, Sweden by demosponges of the genus Geodia (order Tetractinellida, family Geodiidae). However, *Correspondence: little is known about the basic biological features of these species, such as their life Vasiliki Koutsouveli cycle and dispersal capabilities. Here, we surveyed five deep-sea species of Geodia [email protected]; from the North-Atlantic Ocean and studied their reproductive cycle and strategy using [email protected] Ana Riesgo light and electron microscopy. The five species were oviparous and gonochoristic. [email protected]; Synchronous development was observed at individual and population level in most [email protected] of the species.