Page Numbers for Maps and Photographs Are Shown in Bold

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Page Numbers for Maps and Photographs Are Shown in Bold INDEX Page numbers for Maps and Photographs are shown in bold. á Court, Charles, 243 Het Volk movement, 263 abaQulusi peoples, 73 language divide, 252–253 Abyssinian campaign (1867–68), 224, native attacks on, 199, 208 225, 233 politics and nationalist ideology, Adams, Buck, 25 134–135, 262–266 Africa religious outlook, 141 British Army acclimatization to, social stratifi cation, 6–7, 260–261 153–157 wars against the Zulu, 3–4 colonial coastal enclaves, 222 agriculture High Commission Territories, cooperatives and societies, 255, 262 299n.21 post-war reconstitution of, 252–253 impact of WWI on, 296 post-war social stratifi cation and, linkage to European history, 10 260–263 “new African history”, 291 Standerton Farmers’ Association, 268 “new military history”, 291, 293–294 agterryer. See also Boer commando “old military history”, 287–288 auxiliaries; Khoisan slave trade, 296 Boer and British use of, 5 Victorian society perceptions of, Boer paternalism toward, 130–132 149–152 care for war wounded, 139–140 African carriers, WWI, 292–293, defi ned, 51 297–298 domestic services, 138–139 African levies, 309. See also loyalty and services, 124–125, military units, African 134–139, 144 Anglo-Zulu War (1879), 52–55 mobilization for military service, Ashanti War (1873–1874), 230–233 127–128 British attitude toward, 158–159 as source of entertainment, 140–141 Fingo peoples as, 29–32, 36, 38–40, statistics on commando service, 42, 45–46 132–133 lack of discipline, 66–67 war memories and historiography, performance in battle, 56–57 123–124 recruitment and training, 49–50 Albert, Prince Consort, 89, 94, 96, 104, soldier written accounts of, 155 107 training and deployment, 53–54 Alberts, J. J., 207, 262, 270 Zula iNkomendala, 72–73 Alexander, W., 18 African polities, 252, 255, 260, 262 Algeria, 98–99 African warfare Alison, Sir Archibald, 228 inter-colonial cooperation against, Aliwal Native Reserve, 36–37 278–279 AmaMfengu, 16. See also Fingo prisoners and non-combatants in, 46 (Mfengu) peoples surprise and dawn attack, 277–278 Amatola Mountains, 18, 23, 30–31, 111 Afrika Korps, 302–303 Amery, Leo, 244 Afrikaners. See also Boer commandos Anglo-Boer War, First (1880–81), 62, admission to Transvaal Volunteers, 126 256 Anglo-Boer War, Second (1899–1902), British attitudes toward, 166–167 68–74, 251–252, 254–255, 257–258, Dutch Reformed predikant, 263–264 260. See also Afrikaners; Boer 328 index commando auxiliaries; Boer Australia, 101 commandos Ayliff , J., 41 Boer mobilization of agterryer, 5, 127–128 Badenhorst, C. C. J., 199, 206 British use of Zulu in, 4 Baden-Powell, Robert, 164 Buller role in, 241–242 Balfour, Arthur, 188 repatriation and reconstruction from, Barue peoples, 302 252–253 Basuto peoples, 35–37, 53, 63, 309 South African Light Horse in, Basutoland (Lesotho), 299n.21, 325 243–249 Battle of Abu Klea/Abu Kru (1885), Vereeniging peace treaty of 1902, 7, 162–163 195–196 Battle of Amoafo (1874), 164 Victorian society indiff erence to, Battle of Atbara (1898), 154–155 149–152 Battle of Belmont (1899), 142 Anglo-German Legion. See British Battle of Berea (1852), 35–36 German Legion (BGL) Battle of Centane (1878), 40 Anglo-Zulu War (1879), 309 Battle of Colenso (1899), 156, 159–160, Battle of Islandlwana, 55–60 163–164, 179–180, 244–245 Buller and Frontier Light Horse in, Battle of Diamond Hill (1900), 196 237–241 Battle of Gingindlovu (1879), 155 use of African levies, 52–55 Battle of Graspan (1899), 142 use of mercenaries in, 15 Battle of Gwangqa (1846), 23 Wolseley role in, 7 Battle of Hlobane (1879), 239–240 written accounts of, 151–152 Battle of Inkerman (1854), 89, 100 annexation, Cape Colony, 2–3 Battle of Islandlwana (1879), 55–60, 149, Appleyard, J. W., 21–22, 27–28 152, 239 April, Jacobus (agterryer), 129–130, Battle of Khambula/Kambula (1879), 57, 137–138 151, 155, 162, 166, 240 Articles of Capitulation for the Battle of Kirbekan (1885), 161–162 Formation of a Foreign Legion, 91, Battle of Magersfontein (1899), 142, 144, 96–97, 106–107, 118 153 Articles of War and Mutiny Act (1857), Battle of Majuba (1881), 166 106 Battle of Mome Valley (1906), 276 Asante expeditions, 164–165, 222, 227 Battle of Omdurman (1898), 155 Ashanti Ring, 8, 221 Battle of Onderbroekspruit (1900), 123 Ashanti/Asante War (1873–74) Battle of Rorke’s Drift (1879), 63, 162 British initiation of, 222–223 Battle of Spioenkop (1900), 142 Buller service in, 235 Battle of Talana Hill (1899), 142 expedition to Kumasi, 223–224 Battle of Tamai (1884), 162 levies and native auxiliaries, 230–232 Battle of Tel-el-Kebir (1882), 157, logistical problems, 229–230 160–161, 167 offi cial military dispatches, 228–229 Battle of Ulundi/oNdini (1879), 151, press coverage and criticism, 224–226, 155, 162, 240 232–234 Bechuanaland (Botswana), 299n.21 published accounts, 227–228 Bekker, Johannes, 136 tactics and warfare, 162 Belgium/Belgians, 96, 252, 291, 299 war correspondence from, 167–168 Bester, A. J., 207 Wolseley’s press relations, 226–227 Beves, P. S., 266–267, 270, 276, 278 Wolseley’s reputation from, 7–8, Beyers, C. F., 199, 282–283 221–222, 287 Bhambatha (Zulu chief), 75, 272 askaris, 292–295, 304 Bhambatha Rebellion (1906), 9, 75–84, assimilation, 100, 134–136 272–277, 279, 281 Aston, George, 279 Biddulph, Robert, 228 asymmetrical warfare, 273, 277 Biggar, Robert, 51 Atbara, battle of, 155, 159, 163, 166 Bisset, John, 110.
Recommended publications
  • History 1886
    How many bones must you bury before you can call yourself an African? Updated December 2009 A South African Diary: Contested Identity, My Family - Our Story Part D: 1886 - 1909 Compiled by: Dr. Anthony Turton [email protected] Caution in the use and interpretation of these data This document consists of events data presented in chronological order. It is designed to give the reader an insight into the complex drivers at work over time, by showing how many events were occurring simultaneously. It is also designed to guide future research by serious scholars, who would verify all data independently as a matter of sound scholarship and never accept this as being valid in its own right. Read together, they indicate a trend, whereas read in isolation, they become sterile facts devoid of much meaning. Given that they are “facts”, their origin is generally not cited, as a fact belongs to nobody. On occasion where an interpretation is made, then the commentator’s name is cited as appropriate. Where similar information is shown for different dates, it is because some confusion exists on the exact detail of that event, so the reader must use caution when interpreting it, because a “fact” is something over which no alternate interpretation can be given. These events data are considered by the author to be relevant, based on his professional experience as a trained researcher. Own judgement must be used at all times . All users are urged to verify these data independently. The individual selection of data also represents the author’s bias, so the dataset must not be regarded as being complete.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocs & the Boer War
    OLD CONWAYS & THE BOER WAR v19 The Conway Chapel at Birkenhead Priory contains the Memorial Boards and Honour Boards for WWI and WWII. It has been known for some time that OCs participated in the Boer War and that at least one lost his life. Members of the Old South African branch of the Conway Club agreed that the South African Conway Centenary Shield presented by them in 1959 should be re-purposed as the Boer War Memorial Shield. This summary of OCs who lost their lives in, or who participated in that war acts as a form of Boer War Honours Board as it was not possible authoritatively to list all those honoured in that war with either gallantry or service medals. The photo below right shows Guy Brooke-Smith (44-46) presenting the shield to Captain Hewitt on Sports Day 1959. The photo below right shows him presenting it as the Boer War Memorial to the Chapel in June 2017. 1 CONTENTS 1 OCS WHO DIED ON SERVICE .................................................................................................... 3 2 OCS WHO SERVED IN THE ARMED SERVICES ....................................................................... 4 3 OCS WHO SERVED IN THE MN ................................................................................................ 15 4 “COMFORTS” FOR THE TROOPS ............................................................................................. 17 5 SOURCES ................................................................................................................................... 18 2 1 OCS WHO DIED ON SERVICE Edmund Evan K. Davies (1897-99) Died on Service in the Boer War on 4th May 1900. “Lost overboard” from Elder Dempster & Co’s liner SS Montrose on his first voyage at the age of 16 years and 9 months.” The ship was carrying troops to the Boer War from Liverpool to Cape Town. No other details have been discovered.
    [Show full text]
  • The Times History of the War in South Africa, 1899-1902;
    aia of The War in South Africa of The War in South Africa 1899-1902 Edited by L. S. Amery Fellow of All Souls With many Photogravure and other Portraits, Maps and Battle Plans Vol. VII Index and Appendices LONDON SAMPSON Low, MARSTON AND COMPANY, LTD. loo, SOUTHWARK STREET, S.E. 1909 LONDON : PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, DUKE STREET, STAMFORD STREET, S.E., AND GREAT WINDMILL STREET, W PREFACE THE various appendices and the index which make up the present volume are the work of Mr. G. P. Tallboy, who has acted as secretary to the History for the last seven years, and whom I have to thank not only for the labour and research comprised in this volume, but for much useful assistance in the past. The index will, I hope, prove of real service to students of the war. The general principles on which it has been compiled are those with which the index to The Times has familiarized the public. The very full bibliography which Mr. Tallboy has collected may give the reader some inkling of the amount of work involved in the composition of this history. I cannot claim to have actually read all the works comprised in the list, though I think there are comparatively few among them that have not been consulted. On the other hand the list does not include the blue-books, despatches, magazine and newspaper articles, and, above all, private diaries, narratives and notes, which have formed the real bulk of my material. L. S. AMERY. CONTENTS APPENDIX I PAGE.
    [Show full text]
  • Er\)Icea !Idencal $Octet~
    J R Army Med Corps: first published as 10.1136/jramc-18-03-07 on 1 March 1912. Downloaded from 290 \1lnitc~ $er\)icea !IDeNcal $octet~. THE MEDICAL SERVICE WITH LORD METHUEN'S FORCE DURING THE ADVANCE ON KIMBERLEY, 1899. By LIEUTENANT· COLONEL C. H. BURTCHAELL, Royal A.rmy Medical Oorps. THIS paper is the outcome of an invitation to bring before a meeting of the United Services Medical Society some practical example of the work and tactical dispositions of field medical units. The operations of the force under Lord Methuen's command, during the advance on Kimberley, 1899-the First Division South African Field Force-were selected as suitable for the purpose be­ cause: (1) that period was the only phase of' the South African War in which a division, and later an augmented division, fought Protected by copyright. a series of actions with its medical service complete in numbers and composition in accordance with the scale laid down in war establishments of the day; (2) a number of incidents in the medical narrative of those operations sufficiently well indicate principles which must always apply in the working of the medical service in war irrespective of the exact composition or nomenclature of its field units, or the general tactical situations in which those units may be employed; (3) as a matter of purely Corps interest it appeared to be worth while to endeavour to bring into one record the scattered information and references relating to the work accomplished by the officers, non-commissioned officers and men http://militaryhealth.bmj.com/ of the Corps who at that time formed part of the First Division, and whose services met with approbation in many diverse quarters; (4) a more or less detailed narrative of this period of the South African War may induce others to put together the history of the work of the Medical Service in other actions in which the Corps did equally useful work.
    [Show full text]
  • The Project Gutenberg Ebook of South Africa and the Transvaal War Vol. II. by Louis Creswicke
    TRANSCRIBERS' NOTE For speed of loading, many illustrations have been provided as thumbnails, linked to larger versions of the images [Pg i] "ALL THAT WAS LEFT OF THEM." Downloaded from www.gendatabase.com THE BLACK WATCH AFTER THE BATTLE OF MAGERSFONTEIN. From the Drawing by R. Caton Woodville. [Pg iii] SOUTH AFRICA AND THE TRANSVAAL WAR BY LOUIS CRESWICKE AUTHOR OF "ROXANE," ETC. WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS IN SIX VOLUMES VOL. II.—FROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE WAR TO THE BATTLE OF COLENSO, 15TH DEC. 1899 EDINBURGH: T. C. & E. C. JACK 1900 [Pg v] CONTENTS—VOL. II. PAGE CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE vii Downloaded from www.gendatabase.com CHAPTER I PAGE THE CRISIS AT HOME 1 IN SOUTH AFRICA 2 THE OCCUPATION OF DUNDEE 7 THE BATTLE OF GLENCOE 14 ELANDSLAAGTE 20 THE RETREAT FROM DUNDEE 32 SIR W. PENN SYMONS—GLENCOE 35 THE BATTLE OF REITFONTEIN 36 LADYSMITH 38 THE BATTLE OF LOMBARD'S KOP 41 THE DISASTER OF NICHOLSON'S NEK 45 THE SIEGE OF LADYSMITH 51 CHAPTER II PAGE THE SIEGE OF MAFEKING 55 KIMBERLEY 64 CHAPTER III PAGE NATAL 70 THE INVASION OF CAPE COLONY 76 THE BATTLE OF BELMONT 86 THE BATTLE OF GRASPAN 92 THE BATTLE OF MODDER RIVER 97 AFTER THE FIGHT 108 CHAPTER IV PAGE THE INVESTMENT OF LADYSMITH 110 ESTCOURT 119 ARMOURED TRAIN DISASTER AT CHIEVELEY 121 ESTCOURT 126 THE FIGHT ON BEACON HILL 132 LADYSMITH 135 ESTCOURT AND FRERE 139 SURPRISES AT LADYSMITH 145 FRERE CAMP 151 CHAPTER V PAGE Downloaded from www.gendatabase.com ACTIVITY AT THE CAPE 154 WITH GENERAL GATACRE 159 THE REVERSE AT STORMBERG 163 AT THE MODDER RIVER 168 THE BATTLE OF MAJESFONTEIN 171 CHAPTER VI PAGE CHIEVELEY CAMP 187 THE BATTLE OF COLENSO 188 FACSIMILE OF MS.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of the Boer War (1899 – 1902) on the Tactical Development of the Regular British Army 1902 – 1914
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Wolverhampton Intellectual Repository and E-theses THE INFLUENCE OF THE BOER WAR (1899 – 1902) ON THE TACTICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGULAR BRITISH ARMY 1902 – 1914 SPENCER JONES BA, MPhil. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2009 This work or any part thereof has not previously been presented in any form to the University or to any other body whether for the purposes of assessment, publication or for any other purpose (unless otherwise indicated). Save for any express acknowledgements, references and/or bibliographies cited in the work, I confirm that the intellectual content of the work is the result of my own efforts and of no other person. The right of Spencer Jones to be identified as author of this work is asserted in accordance with ss.77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. At this date copyright is owned by the author. Signature: Date: 1 Abstract This thesis examines the influence of the Boer War 1899 – 1902 upon tactics and training in the regular British Army 1902 – 1914. The work argues that several key lessons drawn from South Africa became the tactical cornerstones for infantry, artillery and cavalry throughout the pre-First World War period and shaped the performance of the B.E.F. during the early battles of 1914. The experience of combat against well armed opposition in the Boer War prompted the British Army to develop improved tactics in each of the three major service arms.
    [Show full text]
  • The Boer War (1899-1902)
    - 1 - THE BOER WAR (1899-1902) Films in BFI Collections, National Film and Television Archive Contents Introduction 2 1) Pre-war 4 2) The war 8 3) Fakes and dramatisations 34 4) Post-war 39 5) Compilations 53 6) Glossary and Who's Who 55 7) Index of film titles 61 Sources 65 Luke McKernan NFTVA Cataloguing Department August 1999 Second edition (first edition 1997) Cover still: Joe Rosenthal, cameraman for the Warwick Trading Company (courtesy of BFI Stills, Posters and Designs). - 2 - INTRODUCTION The Boer War (also known as the Anglo-Boer War or the South African War, and sometimes referred to as the Second Boer War to distinguish it from a short conflict in 1881) was fought between the forces of the British Empire and the combined forces of the Transvaal and Orange Free State, the two independent Boer republics. The direct cause of the war was the refusal of the Boers (Afrikaners) to offer political rights to the mainly British `Uitlander' immigrant workforce. The larger cause was British imperial ambitions in South Africa, rich in gold and diamonds. The Boers issued an ultimatum, then invaded Natal on 11 October 1899. The existing British forces were beaten back, and the invasion force under Sir Redvers Buller made a two-pronged attack, to the west along the border between Cape Colony and Orange Free State, and to the east in Natal attempting to relieve Ladysmith. Major reverses were suffered at Magersfontein, Colenso and Spion Kop, and the overall command was taken by Lord Roberts, who advanced from the south-west to take first Bloemfontein and then Pretoria (5 June 1900).
    [Show full text]
  • We Wander the Battlefields
    We Wander the Battlefields Matthew (Midge) Carter & Trish Woodman We Wander the Battlefields is the fruit of Midge Carter’s life-long passion for the history of the Anglo-Boer and Zulu wars at the turn of the 19th century. The stories of heroism and tragedy are retold from the graveyards and memorials, many of them left forgotten and overgrown. It is both a detailed and personal account with many photo- graphs and, unusual for a book, complemented with an extensive list of videos available on the internet, videos made by Midge as he wandered the battle sites. It has been his partner, Trish Woodman who has patiently listened to these stories, researched the background, collated the available photographs and written this book. We Wander the Battlefields Matthew (Midge) Carter and Trish Woodman PRODUCT LABEL INGREDIENTS A very personal (and very non-academic) collection of anecdotes and reminiscences of military history meanderings in South Africa for more than 60 years. • Memories of well-known personalities from the past. • Many old and modern photos of graves, monuments and people. Inscriptions have been provided, with Afrikaans texts translated. The background stories behind ‘just a name on a stone’ have been written. • Odds and ends. • Warnings: Does not contain ponderous, learned chapters. Written by two wrinklies past their ‘Best-by-Date’. Authors: • Matthew (Midge) Carter. Made from New Zealand ingredients, grown in South Africa, product of Australia. • Trish Woodman. Entirely a West Australian product (with a taint of Irish convicts). © Matthew Carter and Trish Woodman, 2015. Reprinted 2016, 2017 ISBN 978-0-9942068-5-5 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Ti1e British Tactical Reaction to Battlefield Conditions During Ibe Anglo-Boer War
    JOERNAAUJOURNAL EWS TI1E BRITISH TACTICAL REACTION TO BATTLEFIELD CONDITIONS DURING IBE ANGLO-BOER WAR Johan Ellis' INTRODUCTION Only eighteen years prior to the commencement of the Anglo-Boer War the Boers gave Great Britain an excellent demonstration of their tactical skills. A comparison of the casualties of the opposing forces during the few, but decisive battles fought at the beginning of 1881 during the Anglo-Transvaal War, surely should have raised a few eyebrows among British officers and politicians alike. Battle Date British losses Boer losses Dead Wounded Dead Wounded Bronkhorstspruit 20 December 1880 56 92 I 5 Laingsnek 28 Januruy 1881 83 112 14 27 Schuinshoogte 8 February 1881 74 67 10 7 Majuba 27 February 1881 96 117 2 5 Figure 12 In spite of this, the British suffered severe losses against a "lesser" enemy on confronting the Boers during the Anglo-Boer War. Lleutcoant Colonel Johan Ellis is a lecturer at the University of Stellenbosch, Faculty of Military Science (Military Academy), Military History Department. He is a line officer in the South African National Defence Force, SA Army, South African Infantry Corps, currently seconded to the Military Academy. Ho presents the modules on South African military histOI)' and internal war. His field of interest on which research is focused is Africa's military history to 194.S with specific interest in the period before European intervention. ' FA van Jaarsveld, APJ van Rens burg and WA Stals, (ed.), Die Eerste Vcyheidsoorlog (1980). Figures taken :from the different chapters where the respective battles are discussed. 136 JOERNAAUJOURNAL EILIS In order to understand the imbalance in the effectiveness of British and Boer soldiers opposing each other on the battlefield during the initial phases of the Anglo-Boer War, the background of both will shortly be illustrated.
    [Show full text]
  • Map 1 - Western Cape
    SA History and Battlefields Map. Historical Events and Battles Within South Africa. Index. Part One. Early Exploration and Settlers. Khoikhoi – Dutch Wars (1650 – 1680) Part Two. Anglo Dutch conflict in Southern Africa (1652 – 1806) Part Three. Dutch and British Colonisation and the Xhosa Frontier Wars (1779 – 1879) Part Four. nDwandwe - Zulu War (1817 – 1819) Part Five. Voortrekker and Zulu Battles (1838 – 1840) Part Six. Anglo - Zulu Wars (1879) Part Seven. The Transvaal War of Independence – 1st Boer War (1880 – 1881) Part Eight. The South African War – 2nd Boer War (1889 – 1902) Part Nine. World War One. Part Ten. The Miners Strike of 1922. Part Eleven. World War Two. Introduction. As an amateur collector of maps and with a love of history in general I thought that it might be useful to have a map depicting historical events pertaining to South Africa from the arrival of the first visitors and settlers to the present day. The following is a very brief description of the historical events that have shaped South Africa. I have also included some events that greatly changed the life of the inhabitants of South Africa such as the discovery of Diamonds and Gold in the interior. By following the events below and referring to the symbols linked to these events on the Excel spreadsheet as a guide the reader can see where the specific history has taken place. The Provincial maps include the symbols and are also listed on the Excel spreadsheet as an easy reference in order to locate their whereabouts. Please note that I am not a writer and the following information has been gleaned from the internet, largely from Wikipedia.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 9 the BOER WAR (1899-1902) I
    Chapter 9 THE BOER WAR (1899-1902) I. The emergence of professional cameramen INTRODUCTION The first modern war The Boer War (or ‘Anglo-Boer War’, as it is sometimes called) broke out in October 1899, pitting the forces of Britain and its Empire against the Boer forces of the Transvaal and Orange Free State. Among the various causes was the Boers’ denial of political rights to the mainly British ‘Uitlander’ workforce, but belligerence from both the British representatives and the leading Boer figure, Paul Kruger, exacerbated matters, and led to a Boer ultimatum. The Boers invaded the eastern territory of Natal on 11 October 1899, and the British forces were overwhelmed. A relief expedition was dispatched from the UK under Sir Redvers Buller which made a two-pronged attack: to the west between Cape Colony and Orange Free State, and to the east in Natal, attempting to relieve a siege at Ladysmith. Major reverses were suffered at Magersfontein, Colenso and Spion Kop in mid December – in what became known as ‘Black Week’ – and the overall command was taken over by Lord Roberts who began a strong push from Cape Town northwards to Kimberley. By February 1900 the British were winning, and succeeded in the following months in taking first Bloemfontein and then Johannesburg and Pretoria by mid year. The fighting then developed into a guerrilla war which carried on until May 1902, when the Boer forces were eventually subdued by Lord Kitchener’s ruthless approach. 1 The Boer War was a major and costly conflict for Britain, and became a testing ground for novel military technology and tactics; it was discussed for years afterwards by military strategists as exemplifying a new kind of warfare.2 This was an important war for media coverage too, and is sometimes hailed as the first ‘media war’.3 All available means of reporting, from newspapers to film were fully mobilised.4 Undoubtedly the coverage was on a large scale: over 200 war correspondents or war artists chronicled the war, with nearly a hundred departing from the UK alone in a period of a few weeks in 1899.
    [Show full text]
  • The Munster Fusiliers and the South African War [Boer War]
    n 1652, Dutch settlers established Cape Town as a stopping off point for ships of the Dutch India Company. During the Napoleonic wars, British forces took Cape Colony by force of arms. Although the British returned the colony to the Dutch in 1802-3, they took it again in 1806. After the defeat of Napoleon, they gained ownership of the colony in 1814 by the Treaty of Paris. In December 1820, the Rev. Pat Scully set up the first Irish Catholic mission at the Cape of Good Hope. By 1836, the Dutch farmers, tired of British rule, began leaving Cape Colony in large numbers to colonise new territory in the north-east of the country. The abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire and the policy of handing back land which the Dutch felt was theirs to the indigenous people caused discontent. Having defeated the native tribes, the Dutch settled in Natal. Others moved north of the Orange River, while some more of them settled across the Vaal River. (See map) Map of South Africa, 1899-1902. Britain, afraid that the trouble between the Dutch settlers and the Zulus would collusion of the Orange Free State spread to the Cape Colony, annexed Natal government, passed laws limiting the in 1843. Five years later, Britain declared rights of the 'Uitlanders'. On top of that, all land between the Orange and Vaal the Boers began importing arms from rivers to be British territory. In 1854, they After regaining their independence, the Germany. gave up that claim and recognised the Boers were faced with new problems.
    [Show full text]