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3 5 o Selected Bibliography Ball, W., 1982. Archaeological Gazetteer of Stark, F., 1970. The Minaret of Djam. London: John Afghanistan. Tome 1. Paris: Editions Recherche sur Murray. les civilisations. Stewart, R., 2004. The Places In Between. London: Ball, W., 2002. The Towers of Ghur: A Ghurid Picador. Maginot Line? In W. Ball and L. Harrow (eds.), Thomas, D.C., 2004. Looting, heritage management Cairo to Kabul. Afghan and Islamic Studies presented to and archaeological strategies at Jam, Afghanistan. Ralph Pinder-Wilson. London: Melisende, 21-45. Culture Without Context 14 (Spring 2004): Bosworth, C.E., 1961. The Early Islamic History of 16-20. (http://www.mcdonald.cam.ac.uk/iarc/ Ghur. Central Asiatic Journal 5: 116-33. culturewithoutcontext/issue14/thomas.htm) Bruno, A., 2003. The Minaret of Jam. World Heritage Thomas, D.C., in press. Firuzkuh – the Ghurid Review, 4-15. summer capital, in A.K. Bennison and A.L. Flood, F.B., 2005. Ghurid monuments and Muslim Gascoigne (eds.), Cities in the pre-modern Islamic identities: epigraphy and exegesis in twelfth-century world: the urban impact of state, society and religion. Afghanistan. The Indian Economic and Social History London: Routledge Curzon. Review, 42 (3), 263-94. Thomas, D.C. & A.L. Gascoigne, 2006. Recent Herberg, W., 1976. Topographische Feldarbeiten Archaeological Investigations of Looting around the in Ghor: Bericht über Forschungsarbeiten zum Minaret of Jam, Ghur Province, in J. van Krieken- Problem Jam-Ferozkoh. Afghanistan Journal, 3.2: Pieters (ed.), Art and Archaeology of Afghanistan: its 57-69. Fall and Survival. A Multi-disciplinary Approach. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 155-67. Juzjani, ‘Uthman ibn Siraj al-Din. Tabakat-i-Nasiri: a General History of the Muhammadan Dynasties of Thomas, D.C., G. Pastori & I. Cucco, 2004. Asia, including Hindustan, from A.H. 194 [810 A.D.], Excavations at Jam, Afghanistan. East and West 54: to A.H. 658 [1260 A.D.], and the Irruption of the 87-119. Infidel Mughals into Islam, tr. H.G. Raverty, 1881. Thomas, D.C., G. Pastori & I. Cucco, 2005. The London: Gilbert & Rivington. Minaret of Jam Archaeological Project. Antiquity Maricq, A. & G. Wiet, 1959. Le Minaret de Djam: 79/303 On-line Project Gallery – http://antiquity. la Découverte de la Capitale des Sultans Ghorides ac.uk/ProjGall/thomas/index.html (XIIe-XIIIe siècles). Paris: Délégation archéologique Thomas, D.C., K. Deckers, M.M. Hald, M. française en Afghanistan. Holmes, M. Madella & K. White, in press 2006. Pinder-Wilson, R., 2001. Ghaznavid and Ghurid Environmental Evidence from the Minaret of Jam Minarets. Iran, XXXIX: 155-86. Archaeological Project, 2005. Iran, 44. Sourdel-Thomine, J., 2004. Le minaret Ghouride de Vercellin, G., 1976. The Identification of Firuzkuh: a Jam. Un chef d’oeuvre du XIIe siècle. Paris: Memoire de Conclusive Proof. East and West, 26: 337-40. l’Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres. 22 .

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In Ghur Province of Afghanistan and Overview of Jam-Minaret
American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2020 American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) e-ISSN: 2378-703X Volume-4, Issue-4-pp-238-243 www.ajhssr.com Research Paper Open Access Danger of falling “Minaret of Jam” in Ghur Province of Afghanistan and Overview of Jam-Minaret Mosa Lali1, Reza Arefi2 1(China Studies, Political Science and Public Administration, Shandong University, China) 2(History and Civilization of Islamic Nations, Islamic Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Iran) ABSTRACT: Ghur is one of the most important parts of the historically places in Afghanistan, the Minaret of Jam is absolutely increased to the significant and magnificence of this province, the Harirud-River flows from east to west, the Jam-River flows from south to north, at the confluence of these Rivers being an incredible adobe of minaret, its remarkable! How can this minaret stand against to erosion of Rivers and spring floods around more than 8th century without any fundamental protection? The main aim of this research paper is focused on “danger of falling Minaret of Jam”, here are many threats being for destroying of Jam-Minaret. antiquities of these historically places trafficked by smugglers, but these threats also being against to Jam-Minaret, the Minaret of Jam almost falling by floods in spring of 2019, but fortunately this threat just temporarily resolved by local people. One of the goals of this research topic is to call to government of Afghanistan and organizations of responsible to rescue the minaret of Jam from destruction, therefore if they don’t pay attention, this historical minaret will demolish like other historical heritage in Afghanistan and we will be missing one of the “Seven Wonders of the World”.
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INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master
INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the original text directly from the copy submitted. Thus, some dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from a computer printer. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyrighted material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is available as one exposure on a standard 35 mm slide or as a 17" x 23" black and white photographic print for an additional charge. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. 35 mm slides or 6" X 9" black and w h itephotographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Accessing the World'sUMI Information since 1938 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA Order Number 8824569 The architecture of Firuz Shah Tughluq McKibben, William Jeffrey, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1988 Copyright ©1988 by McKibben, William Jeflfrey. All rights reserved. UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy.
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