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Planetary Geology (Part of Chapter 9): General Processes Affecting the Terrestrial Planets (And the Moon)
Planetary Geology (part of Chapter 9): General Processes Affecting the Terrestrial Planets (and the Moon) Many geological features on planetary surfaces are shaped by processes within the planet’s interior. The interior of a terrestrial world is divided into three layers of differing densities and chemical compositions: core of high-density metal, mantle of moderate- density rock, and crust of low-density rock. Although we see molten rock (lava) coming out of the Earth, only a thin layer near the top of the mantle is partially molten. However, the solid rock within planets can flow like a liquid over periods of millions of years at speeds of around 1 cm per year. The crust and very top part of the mantle do not deform or flow easily, they are called the lithosphere. The thickness of a planet’s lithosphere affects how easily it can be fractured and rearranged into mountains and valleys, and how easily lava can be erupted onto the surface. Interior heat causes geological activity. Terrestrial worlds were heated during their formation due to accretion and differentiation, and are still heated today by radioactive decay. They are slowly cooling down, with heat moving up through the mantle by convection, up through the crust by conduction, and radiating out to space. Larger planets retain heat for longer than smaller planets, so larger planets are more geologically active. If a rapidly-rotating planet contains a layer of electrically conducting fluid, such as a liquid metal core, then it will have a magnetic field. This magnetic field can protect its atmosphere from the solar wind. -
Three New Miocene Fungal Palynomorphs from the Brassington Formation, Derbyshire, UK
Northumbria Research Link Citation: Pound, Matthew J., O’Keefe, Jennifer M. K., Nuñez Otaño, Noelia B. and Riding, James B. (2019) Three new Miocene fungal palynomorphs from the Brassington Formation, Derbyshire, UK. Palynology, 43 (4). pp. 596-607. ISSN 0191-6122 Published by: Taylor & Francis URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2018.1473300 <https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2018.1473300> This version was downloaded from Northumbria Research Link: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/37999/ Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University’s research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher’s website (a subscription may be required.) 1 This is an author pre-print version of the manuscript. -
Planetary Geology GEOLOGY 307 Spring 2018 Tuesday & Thursday 9:30 -10:50 A.M
Planetary Geology GEOLOGY 307 Spring 2018 Tuesday & Thursday 9:30 -10:50 a.m. C. M. Bailey Office- McStreet Hall 215 x12445 [email protected] Preamble Space, the Final Frontier! Although the Earth provides a rich tapestry for geologists, other planetary bodies in our Solar System are equally worthy of study. Many of the same processes that operate on Earth modify these worlds, but each planet is unique in many respects. Planetary bodies also contain a record of the solar system’s history. The goals of this course include a better understanding of the processes that operate on distant worlds, gaining insight into how the Solar System has changed through time, and thinking about the future opportunties in planetary science. This class will not simply be a tour of the planets, nor will it attempt to answer all the questions normally dealt with in Astronomy and Cosmology courses. We will start from observations and use a judicious amount of mathematics, physics, and chemistry to achieve our goals. At semester’s end we hope you will have developed an understanding of the Solar System, a sense for the new and exciting discoveries in planetary science, as well as an appreciation of the important questions still to be answered. Week Dates Topic Readings 1 Jan. 18 Planetary Geology Introduced WHOOPS! Ch. 1 2 Jan. 23, 25 Planetary Geology Introduced Ch. 1 The Universe: matter, stars, planets, and life- oh my! 3 Jan. 30, Feb. 1 Celestial Mechanics Ch. 2 Ch. 5, pg. 64-67 4 Feb. 6, 8 Solar System Formation Meteorites are Mighty Important 5 Feb. -
Devonian Plant Fossils a Window Into the Past
EPPC 2018 Sponsors Academic Partners PROGRAM & ABSTRACTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Scientific Committee: Zhe-kun Zhou Angelica Feurdean Jenny McElwain, Chair Tao Su Walter Finsinger Fraser Mitchell Lutz Kunzmann Graciela Gil Romera Paddy Orr Lisa Boucher Lyudmila Shumilovskikh Geoffrey Clayton Elizabeth Wheeler Walter Finsinger Matthew Parkes Evelyn Kustatscher Eniko Magyari Colin Kelleher Niall W. Paterson Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos Benjamin Bomfleur Benjamin Dietre Convenors: Matthew Pound Fabienne Marret-Davies Marco Vecoli Ulrich Salzmann Havandanda Ombashi Charles Wellman Wolfram M. Kürschner Jiri Kvacek Reed Wicander Heather Pardoe Ruth Stockey Hartmut Jäger Christopher Cleal Dieter Uhl Ellen Stolle Jiri Kvacek Maria Barbacka José Bienvenido Diez Ferrer Borja Cascales-Miñana Hans Kerp Friðgeir Grímsson José B. Diez Patricia Ryberg Christa-Charlotte Hofmann Xin Wang Dimitrios Velitzelos Reinhard Zetter Charilaos Yiotis Peta Hayes Jean Nicolas Haas Joseph D. White Fraser Mitchell Benjamin Dietre Jennifer C. McElwain Jenny McElwain Marie-José Gaillard Paul Kenrick Furong Li Christine Strullu-Derrien Graphic and Website Design: Ralph Fyfe Chris Berry Peter Lang Irina Delusina Margaret E. Collinson Tiiu Koff Andrew C. Scott Linnean Society Award Selection Panel: Elena Severova Barry Lomax Wuu Kuang Soh Carla J. Harper Phillip Jardine Eamon haughey Michael Krings Daniela Festi Amanda Porter Gar Rothwell Keith Bennett Kamila Kwasniewska Cindy V. Looy William Fletcher Claire M. Belcher Alistair Seddon Conference Organization: Jonathan P. Wilson -
Mars Field Geology, Biology, and Paleontology Workshop, Summary
MARS FIELD GEOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND PALEONTOLOGY WORKSHOP: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS November 18–19, 1998 Space Center Houston, Houston, Texas LPI Contribution No. 968 MARS FIELD GEOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND PALEONTOLOGY WORKSHOP: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS November 18–19, 1998 Space Center Houston Edited by Nancy Ann Budden Lunar and Planetary Institute Sponsored by Lunar and Planetary Institute National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113 LPI Contribution No. 968 Compiled in 1999 by LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE The Institute is operated by the Universities Space Research Association under Contract No. NASW-4574 with the National Aeronautcis and Space Administration. Material in this volume may be copied without restraint for library, abstract service, education, or personal research purposes; however, republication of any paper or portion thereof requires the written permission of the authors as well as the appropriate acknowledgment of this publication. This volume may be cited as Budden N. A., ed. (1999) Mars Field Geology, Biology, and Paleontology Workshop: Summary and Recommendations. LPI Contribution No. 968, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston. 80 pp. This volume is distributed by ORDER DEPARTMENT Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113 Phone: 281-486-2172 Fax: 281-486-2186 E-mail: [email protected] Mail order requestors will be invoiced for the cost of shipping and handling. _________________ Cover: Mars test suit subject and field geologist Dean Eppler overlooking Meteor Crater, Arizona, in Mark III Mars EVA suit. PREFACE In November 1998 the Lunar and Planetary Institute, under the sponsorship of the NASA/HEDS (Human Exploration and Development of Space) Enterprise, held a workshop to explore the objectives, desired capabilities, and operational requirements for the first human exploration of Mars. -
Newsletter June 2017 Volume 50, Number 2
AASP - The Palynological Society Promoting the Scientific Understanding of Palynology since 1967 Newsletter June 2017 Volume 50, Number 2 Published Quarterly by AASP - The Palynological Society AASP-TPS NEWSLETTER Published Quarterly by AASP - The Palynological Society June 2017 Volume 50, Number 2 List of AASP-TPS awardees -3- 2016-2017 Board of Directors and upcoming deadlines -4- President’s Letter -5- Managing Editor's Report -7- 50th Annual Meeting - Nottingham, UK, September 3-7, 2017 -9- Student Travel Grants for Travel to the Annual Meeting -19- Celebrating 50 years of AASP Newsletters! -20- News From Cenex -21- In Memoriam: Dr. Arthur Sweet -22- In Memoriam: Dr. Robert Daly -33- Overview of AASP-TPS Undergraduate Awards -35- Congratulations Student Research Grant Winners -36- Candidates for Office -39- Volunteers needed! 1) GSA Liaison; 2) Newsletter Edtor -44- Donations to the Foundation - Form -45- Upcominig AASP-TPS Meetings! -46- First Circular: 51st Annual Meeting - Calgary, Canada, August 5-9, 2018 -47- Other Meetings and Workshops of Interest -48- 2 A.A.S.P. The Palynological Society The American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Inc. - AASP-The Palynological Society - was established in 1967 by a group of 31 founding members to promote the science of palynology. Today AASP has a world-wide membership of about 800 and is run by an executive comprising an elected Board of Directors and subsidiary boards and committees. AASP welcomes new members. The AASP Foundation publishes the journal Palynology (triannually), the AASP Newsletter (quarterly), and the AASP Contri- butions Series (mostly monographs, issued irregularly), as well as several books and miscellaneous items. -
Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences 1
Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences 1 MATH 0090 Introductory Calculus, Part I (or higher) Earth, Environmental PHYS 0050 Foundations of Mechanics (or higher) Nine Concentration courses and Planetary Sciences EEPS 0220 Earth Processes 1 EEPS 0230 Geochemistry: Earth and Planetary 1 Materials and Processes Chair EEPS 0240 Earth: Evolution of a Habitable Planet 1 Greg Hirth Select three of the following: 3 Students in Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences develop a EEPS 1240 Stratigraphy and Sedimentation comprehensive grasp of principles as well as an ability to think critically EEPS 1410 Mineralogy and creatively. Formal instruction places an emphasis on fundamental EEPS 1420 Petrology principles, processes, and recent developments, using lecture, seminar, EEPS 1450 Structural Geology laboratory, colloquium, and field trip formats. Undergraduates as well as graduate students have opportunities to carry out research in current fields Two additional upper level EEPS courses or an approved 2 of interest. substitute such as a field course One additional upper level science or math course with approval 1 The principal research fields of the department are geochemistry, from the concentration advisor. mineral physics, igneous petrology; geophysics, structural geology, tectonophysics; environmental science, hydrology; paleoceanography, Total Credits 13 paleoclimatology, sedimentology; and planetary geosciences. Emphasis in these different areas varies, but includes experimental, theoretical, and Standard program for the Sc.B. degree observational approaches as well as applications to field problems. Field This program is recommended for students interested in graduate study studies of specific problems are encouraged rather than field mapping for and careers in the geosciences and related fields. its own sake. Interdisciplinary study with other departments and divisions is encouraged. -
GEOLOGY THEME STUDY Page 1
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS Dr. Harry A. Butowsky GEOLOGY THEME STUDY Page 1 Geology National Historic Landmark Theme Study (Draft 1990) Introduction by Dr. Harry A. Butowsky Historian, History Division National Park Service, Washington, DC The Geology National Historic Landmark Theme Study represents the second phase of the National Park Service's thematic study of the history of American science. Phase one of this study, Astronomy and Astrophysics: A National Historic Landmark Theme Study was completed in l989. Subsequent phases of the science theme study will include the disciplines of biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics and other related sciences. The Science Theme Study is being completed by the National Historic Landmarks Survey of the National Park Service in compliance with the requirements of the Historic Sites Act of l935. The Historic Sites Act established "a national policy to preserve for public use historic sites, buildings and objects of national significance for the inspiration and benefit of the American people." Under the terms of the Act, the service is required to survey, study, protect, preserve, maintain, or operate nationally significant historic buildings, sites & objects. The National Historic Landmarks Survey of the National Park Service is charged with the responsibility of identifying America's nationally significant historic property. The survey meets this obligation through a comprehensive process involving thematic study of the facets of American History. In recent years, the survey has completed National Historic Landmark theme studies on topics as diverse as the American space program, World War II in the Pacific, the US Constitution, recreation in the United States and architecture in the National Parks. -
Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Agenda Ad Hoc Rover Update
Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Agenda Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds • Announce: – Part 2 of Projects due – Read Ch. 11 for Tuesday • Ad hoc, ex post facto • Rover Update • Ch. 9—Planetary Geology • Lab: Parallax or Waves on a String Rover Update Ad Hoc • More than 1000 Martian days • From Wikipedia: – Ad hoc is a Latin phrase which means "for this [purpose]." It generally signifies a solution that has been designed for a specific problem, is non-generalizable and can not be adapted to other purposes. – Ex post facto : from the Latin for "from something done afterward" 1 9.1 Connecting Planetary Interiors and What are terrestrial planets like Surfaces on the inside? • Our goals for learning • What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? • What causes geological activity? • Why do some planetary interiors create magnetic fields? Seismic Waves Earth’s Interior • Vibrations • Core: Highest that travel density; nickel through and iron Earth’s • Mantle: Moderate interior tell us density; silicon, what Earth is oxygen, etc. like on the • Crust: Lowest inside density; granite, basalt, etc. Terrestrial Planet Interiors Differentiation • Gravity pulls high-density material to center • Lower-density material rises to surface • Material ends up • Applying what we have learned about Earth’s separated by interior to other planets tells us what their interiors density are probably like 2 Lithosphere Strength of Rock • A planet’s outer • Rock stretches when layer of cool, rigid pulled slowly but rock is called the breaks when pulled lithosphere -
Planetary Geology: Goals, Future Directions, and Recommendations
NASA Conference Publication 3005 Planetary Geology: Goals, Future Directions, and Recommendations Proceedings of a workshop held at Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona January 1987 NASA Conference Publication 3005 Planetary Geology: Goals, Future Directions, and Recommendations NASA Office of Space Science and Applications Washington, D. C. Proceedings of a workshop held at Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona January 1987 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division Preface This report gives results of a workshop on planetary geology held in January, 1987, at Arizona State University at the request of Dr. David Scott, Discipline Scientist, Planetary Geology and Geophysics, NASA. In addition to reviews by the workshop members, it was reviewed by the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Working Group and incorporated comments from Dr. James Underwood, current Discipline Scientist for the program. R. Greeley, January 1988 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 Executive Summary ............................................................................... 1 2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................ 3 3.0 Workshop Conclusions ........................................................................... 5 3.1 Planetary geology studies are in transition from a descriptive phase to prcxess-oriented research .................................................. 5 3.2 Quantitative techniques can be applied to existing data. but there is a need for -
The Growth of Geological Knowledge in the Council Peak District Mrs
VOLUME 14 PART 4 DECEMBER 1999 Journal of the East Midlands Contents Geological Society Mercian News 154 President Vice-President Bakewell Bargains; The Flying Finns; Rockwatch Dr. R. J. O. Hamblin Mrs. S. M. Miles 1999; Sculptured Stones; Trent Trends Secretary Treasurer Reports 156 Mr. A. J. Filmer Mrs. C. Moore Cool Peterborough exhibition — A. Dawn and A. Filmer Editorial Board Peak District Mining Museum — L. Willies Dr. J. N. Carney Mrs. J. B. Rigby Dr. A. S. Howard Mrs. J. M. Small Mr. T. Morris Dr. A. C. Waltham T. D. Ford 161 The Growth of Geological Knowledge in the Council Peak District Mrs. J. Anderson Mr. L. R. Hall Mr. J. Aram Mrs. P. M. Jones Mr. C. Bagshaw Dr. P. G. Small M. Evans 191 Mr. B. Bentley Dr. I. D. Sutton A new reconstruction of the skull of the Callovian Dr. P. Gutteridge Mr. D. Usher elasmosaurid plesiosaur Muraenosaurus leedsii Seeley Address for Correspondence General information and membership details: The Secretary, E.M.G.S. H. E. Boynton 197 Rose Cottage, Chapel Lane, New fossils in the Precambrian of Charnwood Epperstone, Nottingham NG14 6AE Forest, Leicestershire, England Tel: 01159 663854 The Mercian Geologist is published by the East Excursion Reports 201 Midlands Geological Society and printed by P. Gutteridge — Wye Valley Norman Printing Ltd, Nottingham and London. K. Ambrose and A. Filmer — Cloud Hill Quarry Paper made from woodpulp harvested from J. Small — Field excursion to Skipton Moor renewable forests, where replacement rate exceeds K. Ambrose — Ticknall and Ibstock Brick Pit consumption. T. Morris — Field visit to the Malverns Area No part of this publication may be reproduced in any other publication without the prior written Secretary’s Report 213 consent of the Society. -
2. General Index
Downloaded from http://pygs.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 29, 2021 2. General Index abandoned river courses. Vale of York 40,223-32 anhydrite 50.78.79,81,86,88.143-54 Abbey Crags, Knaresborough Gorge 46,290 Anisocardiu tenera (Antiquicyprina) loweana 39, 117, 130, 131.738-9 Acadian 46,175 ff.; 50,255-65 anisotropy of vitrinites 39,515-26 acanthite 46,135 ankerite 50,87 Acanthodiacrodium cf. simplex 42,412-3 annelida, in Yorkshire Museum 41,402 Acanthodiacrodium rotundatum 45.124 antimony, trace element in galena 44,153 Acanthodiacrodium cf. tumidum 45,124 apatite 44,438 Acanthopleuroceras sp. 42, 152-3 apatite fission-track palaeotemperatures. north-west England 50,95-9 accretionary lapilli, Cwm Clwyd Tuff 39,201,206-7,209,215-6 Apatocythere (Apatocythere) simulans 45, 243 Acheulian handaxes 41,89,94-5 Apedale Fault 50. 196," 198 acid intrusions, Ordovician and Caledonian, geochemical characteristics aplites. Whin Sill 47,251 of 39,33-57 Apollo's Coppice, Shropshire 50,193 acritarchs. Arenig 42. 405 Arachinidiuin smithii 42, 213 acritarchs, Ordovician 47,271-4 Araucarites phillipsii 45,287 acritarchs,Tremadoc 38 45-55; 45,123-7 archaeology, Lincolnshire 41.75 ff. Actinocamax plenus 40,586 Arcomva unioniformis 39.117.133, 134, 138 Acton Reynald Hall, Shropshire 50,193,198,199,200,202,204 Arcow"45,19ff.' adamellite (Threlkeld Microgranite) 40,211-22 Arcow Wood Quarry 39,169,446,448,455,459,470-1 aegirine 44,356 arctic-alpine flora. Teesdale 40.206 aeolian deposition, Devensian loess 40,31 ff. Arenicolites 41,416,436-7 aeolian deposition. Permian 40,54.55 Arenobulirnina advena 45,240 aeolian sands, Permian 45, 11-18 Arenobulimina chapmani 45,240 aeolian sedimentation, Sherwood Sandstone Group 50,68-71 Arenobulirnina macfadyeni 45, 240 aeromagnetic modelling, west Cumbria 50,103-12 arfvedsonite 44,356 aeromagnetic survey, eastern England 46,313,335—41 argentopyrite 46, 134-5 aeromagnetic survey, Norfolk 46.313 Arniocreas fulcaries 42, 150-1 Africa, North, Devonian of 40,277-8 arsenic 44,431 ff.