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pocusim mitspex7 'ED 161 719 Si'025 183 AUTHOR Pat Lqu Williams; Page, Thornton TITLE Ap lo. -Soyuz Pamphlet No. 3: Sun, Stars,Ih"Between: kpollo-Soyuz Experiments in Space. INSTITUTION. National Aetonautics and Space Administration! Washington, D4C. :.:4,1REVOR NASA-EP-135 NOT Oct 77 NOTE 63f.; For related, documents,seeSi 025181-09 ; Marginally legible in parts due to smallprint;. Photographs will not reproduce clearly AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, O.S. Governsent Printin Office, Washington, D:C. ,2U402. (Stock No. 033-800-0068878; Available, in sets only $10.60) EDRS PRICE mF-$043 BC-$3.50 Plus 'Postage. DESCRIPTORS Astronomy; College Science; Airth $cienc Education; *Instruational Mterials;°*Learuing Activities; Physical Scienceit#Scienca Bducatton;': Secondary Education; Secondaiy1Sciaool Science;ISpade Sciences; *Supplementary TextboOks ti IDENTIFIERS Nationhl aeronautics. and Space ldiinistra ABSTRACT This booklet is the third ip aseries of nine that. / discuss the,Apollo-Soyuz 'mission and experiments. This set is designed as a curriculum supplemen for secondary and college teachers, supervisors, curriculum specialists, textbook, writers,and ir the general Public. These booklets provide sources of ideas,examples'. of the scientific method, references' to standard textbooks, and descriptions of space experiments. There-are numerous illustrations,. as Well as-questions for discussion (with answers and a gltlisary of . terms. The series has been .reviewed' by selected high, school' and , college teachers nationw,ide. This booklet is concerned With the layers in the sun, stars and gas clouds in the Hilly Way,' and the amount of helium in space. (MA) 1 - *********************************************************************** * 'i Reproductions supplied by. EDRS are tle'best that can be made ,* * from the'original document. ,.1 . * _,--. *********************************************************************** 1 . : . S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION IS WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF : EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT, HAS BEEN REPRO, Apollo -Soyuz .OUCED EXACTLM.AS'RECEIVED FROM THE PER SON OR ORGANIZATIONORIGIN* ATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS ',STATED DO NOT NEeESSARILY REPRE Pamphlet No.3: SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTEOF. ' EDUCATION POSITION OR POCICY. Lin,Stark,In Betwe Apollo- This is one of a series of nine Soyuz curriculum-related pamphlets Experiments for-Teachers and Students In of Space Science Space Titles in this series of pamphlets include: On The Covw Prepared by Lou Williams Page and Thornton Page From Investigators' Reports of Experimental ResultS and With the Help of Advising Teachers Rational 'AeronautiCs and Space Administration Washington, D.C. 20546 October 1977 For sale by the SuperintendentAf p ments, U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash gton, D.C.20402 (9-Part Set; Sold in Sets Only) Stock Number 033-800-00688-8 The Apollo-Soyui Test Project (ASTP), which flew in July1975,aroused considerable public interest; fist, because the space rivals of the late1950's, and1960's,Were Working together in ajoint encleayor, tand second, because' 'their mutual efforts irfcluded developing, a space-trscue system. TheASTP.. riliO included significant scientific experimentS, the results of which can be used in teaChing bidlogy, physici, and mathematics in schools and colleges. Thli series ofpamPhlets discussing the Apollo-Soyuz mission and experi: meats it a set of curriculunrstipplements designed.for teachers, superygors, ,curriculum specialists, and textboOk.writers'as well as for the general pUblic.. : Neither textboOks :nor courses of study,,jhese 'pamphlets are intended to proyide a rich source of ideas, examples of the scientific method, pertinent - references to standard fextbookS, and cleat' descriptions df space experiments.. In a sense, they may be regarded as .a pioneering form of teaching aid. Seldom has there been such a forthright effort to prolhde, directly to teaChers, curriculum-relevant reports of current scientific'research..High school teachers who' reviewed.414e texts suggested that advanced students Who 'are- interested might be assigned to study one pamphlet and report on it to: the rest Of the class.. After class disCussion, students might be assigned .4vithOut access to the pamphlet) one or more .of the "Questions for Discussion" for formai or -informal answers, thus the application of what was previously covered in the pamphlets. The authors of these pamphlets are Dr. Lou Williams Page, a geologist, atilt Dr. Thornton Page, an astronomer. Both have taught science at several universities and have published 14 books orr science for schools, colleges, and the general reader, including a recent one on space science. .. ,Technical assistance to the Pages was proYided by the Apollo-Soyuz "'Program Scientist, 'DA. R, Thomas -Giuli, and by .Riclitird R. Baldwin, W. Wilson Lauderdale, and Susan N. Moetgomery, members of the group at the NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston which Organized the scientists' participation in the ASTP and published their reports of experimen-.. tal results. Selected teachers from high schools and universities throughout the United States reviewed the pamphletS'in-Araft form. They suggested changes in wording, die :addition of sa glossa& of tents unfamiliar to :students, and irnProyementi in diagrams, A list of the teachers and of the seientific-inyes tigators who reviewed the texts -for: accuracy folloWs this Preface. This set ofApollo-Soyuz pamphlets was initiated and coordinated by. Dr. Frederiak B. Tuttle, Director of Edneational Programs, and was supported by the NASA Apollo-SoyuzPrograni'Office, by Leland J. Casey, Aerospace Engineer for AST?, mid by William D. Nixon, Educational Programs Officer, all of NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C. 7 .. 6 Appreciatioq is expressed to the scientific inVestigators-and-teachers who reviewed the draft copies; tcahc;NASA specialists who provided diagrams and photographs; andto.J. K. Holcomb, Hea4quarters Director of AST! operations, and, Chester 114. Lee, AST!,Program Directoi at:Headquarters, whose interest in this educationatendeavor made this publication possible. 1. L Tea Chet. And. Sclentifi yeStigatOrt Who Reyhtewid thil'ext t d-L.dair, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 0* Ridge, :Tenn. Lynette Aey, Norwich Free Acaderny, Norwich; Conn. J. Vernon Bailey, NASA Lyndon B: Johnson SpaCeVenter, Houston, Tex. --7")Stuart Bowyer, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif. 1 ,.t.,),Bill Wesley. Brown, California State University at Chico, Chico, Calif.' '"'-=...itonald J. Bruno, Creightiin Preparatory School, Omaha, Nebr. 4 T. F. Budinger, University of California at Berkeley; Ber ele:, Calif. Robert F. Collins, Western States Chiropractic College, P rtland, Oreg. --.13. Sue Criswell, Baylor.C011ege of Medicine, Houston, 1 . T. M.. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. David W. Eckert, Greater Latrobe Senior High School, Latrobe,l'a. Lyle N. Edge, Blanco High School; Blanco, Tex. Victor B. Eichler, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kans. FarOuk-E1-13az, Smithsonian Institutkr, Washington, D.C. , - D. Jerome Fisher, Emeritus, University. of Chicago, Phoenix, Ariz. R. T. Giuli, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. :M. D. Grossi, Smithsonian Astrophysical ObServatory, Cambridge, Mass.- Wendy flindin, North Shore Ilebrew Academy,.GreatNeck, N.Y. Tim C. Ingoldsby, Westside High School,. Omaha, Nebr. Robert H. Johns, Academy of the New Church, Bryn. Athyn, Pa. D. J. Larson, Jr.; Grumman Aerospace, Bethpag9{N.Y. M. D. Lind,,Rockwell International Science Cen(er, Thousand Oaks, Calif. It .N. Little, University of Texas, Austin, Tex. SarahMiinly, Wade Hampton High SchoOly Greenville, S.C. Katherine Mays, Bay. City Independent School District, Bay City, Tex. Jane M. Oppenheimer, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. T. J. Pepin; University of Wyoming', Laramie,Wyo. H. W. Scheid, NASA Lyndon 13. Johnson. Space Center, Houston, Tex, Seth Shulman, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. James W. Skthan, Boston College; Weston; Mass. II. T. Slater, Jr:, Texas Education. Agency, At tin, Tex. Robert S. Snyder, NASA George`C. Marshall Space Flight Center,:Fluntsville, Ala. ' Jacqueline D. Spears, Port Jefferson High School, Port Jefferson Station, NIY. Robert L. Stewart, .Monticello High School, Monticello-, NN, Aletha Stone, Fulmore Junior High School, Austin, Tex. G. R. Taylor, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex: *Nob I. Troinbka, NASA Robert H. Geclobard SpaCe Flight,Center; Greenbelt, Md. F. 0.. Vonbun, NASA Robert H. Goddard Space Flight Center,.Greenbelt, Md. Douglas Winkler, Wade Hampt6d High SChool, Greenville, S.C. 7 Gorden Section 1 Introduction' Section 2 Layers in the Sun -*I., A. sore of the &in: Nuclear Reactions- ---BTThe'Photosphere: Surface TerpRp#1,1Y:1-andBfrOttne'ss C. Layers-Above the Rhotosplie4: 04pher _ r and'Coroha . ; D. The 4rtificial-SolarEclipsei Joint: E. Results of the Artificial Solar Ecli F. Questions for Discussion (Brightn Surface Temperature,Spectri, 16 Section-3 Stars and Gas Clouds in the Milky Way 19. A.Stellar Spectra 19, B. The Milky Way Galaxy 21 C.Stellar Evolution 23 D, The Extreme Ultraviolet Survey, Experiment MA-083 ...... 23 E. Results of the EUV Survey Experiment -27 F. Questions for Discussion (Spectra, Ionization, Temperature) ...32. Section 4 How Much Helium in Space? .... .. .... .. ..... ....... ..... ..33 A. The Discovery of Helium; Its Spectrum ...... ... .. .. .... .33 B.Formation of the Elements `4 C.Interstellar Gas
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  • GTO Keypad Manual, V5.001

    GTO Keypad Manual, V5.001

    ASTRO-PHYSICS GTO KEYPAD Version v5.xxx Please read the manual even if you are familiar with previous keypad versions Flash RAM Updates Keypad Java updates can be accomplished through the Internet. Check our web site www.astro-physics.com/software-updates/ November 11, 2020 ASTRO-PHYSICS KEYPAD MANUAL FOR MACH2GTO Version 5.xxx November 11, 2020 ABOUT THIS MANUAL 4 REQUIREMENTS 5 What Mount Control Box Do I Need? 5 Can I Upgrade My Present Keypad? 5 GTO KEYPAD 6 Layout and Buttons of the Keypad 6 Vacuum Fluorescent Display 6 N-S-E-W Directional Buttons 6 STOP Button 6 <PREV and NEXT> Buttons 7 Number Buttons 7 GOTO Button 7 ± Button 7 MENU / ESC Button 7 RECAL and NEXT> Buttons Pressed Simultaneously 7 ENT Button 7 Retractable Hanger 7 Keypad Protector 8 Keypad Care and Warranty 8 Warranty 8 Keypad Battery for 512K Memory Boards 8 Cleaning Red Keypad Display 8 Temperature Ratings 8 Environmental Recommendation 8 GETTING STARTED – DO THIS AT HOME, IF POSSIBLE 9 Set Up your Mount and Cable Connections 9 Gather Basic Information 9 Enter Your Location, Time and Date 9 Set Up Your Mount in the Field 10 Polar Alignment 10 Mach2GTO Daytime Alignment Routine 10 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR NEW SETUPS OR SETUP IN NEW LOCATION 11 Assemble Your Mount 11 Startup Sequence 11 Location 11 Select Existing Location 11 Set Up New Location 11 Date and Time 12 Additional Information 12 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR MOUNTS USED AT THE SAME LOCATION WITHOUT A COMPUTER 13 KEYPAD START UP SEQUENCE FOR COMPUTER CONTROLLED MOUNTS 14 1 OBJECTS MENU – HAVE SOME FUN!