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Observer's Handbook 1980

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Observer's Handbook 1980 OBSERVER’S HANDBOOK 1980 EDITOR: JOHN R. PERCY ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA CONTRIBUTORS AND ADVISORS A l a n H. B a t t e n , Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria, B.C., Canada V 8 X 3X3 (The Nearest Stars). Terence Dickinson, R.R. 3, Odessa, Ont., Canada K0H 2H0 (The Planets). M arie Fidler, Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, 124 Merton St., Toronto, Ont., Canada M4S 2Z2 (Observatories and Planetariums). V ictor Gaizauskas, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0R6 (Sunspots). J o h n A. G a l t , Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory, Penticton, B.C., Canada V2A 6K3 (Radio Sources). Ian Halliday, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0R6 (Miscellaneous Astronomical Data). H e le n S. H o g g , David Dunlap Observatory, University of Toronto, Richmond Hill, Ont., Canada L4C 4Y6 (Foreword). D o n a l d A. M a c R a e , David Dunlap Observatory, University of Toronto, Richmond Hill, Ont., Canada L4C 4Y6 (The Brightest Stars). B r ia n G. M a r s d e n , Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. 02138 (Comets). Janet A. M attei, American Association o f Variable Star Observers, 187 Concord Ave., Cambridge, Mass. U.S.A. 02138 (Variable Stars). P e t e r M. M illm a n , Herzberg Institute o f Astrophysics, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0R6 (Meteors, Fireballs and Meteorites). A n t h o n y F. J. M o f f a t , D épartement de Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, P.Q., Canada H3C 3J7 (Star Clusters). L e s lie V. M o r r is o n , H.M. Nautical Almanac Office, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Hailsham, Sussex, England BN27 1RP (Total and Grazing Lunar Occultations). J o h n R. P e r c y , Erindale College and Department of Astronomy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5S 1A7 (Editor). Rene Racine, Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, P.Q., Canada H3C 3J7 (Galactic Nebulae). P. B lyth Robertson, Earth Physics Branch, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0Y3 (Meteorite Impact Sites). Th. Schmidt-Kaler, Institute of Astronomy, Ruhr University Bochum, 463 Bochum-Querenburg, F.R. Germany (Star Clusters). G o r d o n E. T a y l o r , H.M. Nautical Almanac Office, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Hailsham, Sussex, England BN27 1RP (Planetary Appulses and Occultations). Sidney van den Bergh, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria, B.C., Canada V8 X 3X3 (Galaxies). J o sep h F. V e v e r k a , Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., U.S.A. 14853 (Planetary Satellites). C h a r l e s E. W o r l e y , U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 20390 (Double Stars). PRINTED IN CANADA BY THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS QUICK INDEX INTRO 1-5 BASIC OBSERVER’S DATA 6-9 TIME 9-14 HANDBOOK SUN TABLES 14-21 MOON TABLES 1980 22-27 SKY MONTHLY 28-53 SUN, ECLIPSES 54-57 TOTAL OCC’NS 58-73 GRAZE OCC’NS 74-80 PLANETS FOR 1980 81-94 JUPITER’S MOONS 95-97 SA TURN’S MOONS 97-98 MINOR BODIES 98-104 SEVENTY-SECOND YEAR OF PUBLICATION STARS 105-125 EDITOR: JOHN R. PERCY NEBULAE CLUSTERS GALAXIES © ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 1979 126-132 124 MERTON STREET, TORONTO, CANADA M4S 2Z2 STAR MAPS ISSN 0080-4193 133-138 FULL INDEX FRIENDS OF ASTRONOMY - THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF CA N A D A Way back in 1844 the famous German astronomer, F. W. A. Argelander, compiler of the classic star catalogue the Bonner Durchmusterung, issued in pamphlet form “An Appeal to the Friends of Astronomy”. Argelander had concluded that there were far too many objects in the sky for professional astronomers to observe systematically. They needed help from many other people. And he asked the Friends of Astronomy to join in, especially in the observation of variable stars. His plea was echoed in 1882 by E. C. Pickering, Director of the Harvard College Observatory. Pickering anticipated women’s lib. He encouraged women to become involved in these pursuits, and women have since made important contributions in this field. Gathering momentum within the decades, the Friends of Astronomy around the world have formed various amateur societies usually having in their midst some professionals for whom astronomy is a career. On a national basis these societies now number in the dozens. On a local basis, counting astronomy clubs around the world, they number in the hundreds or thousands. The contribution of the Friends o f Astronomy has been and continues to be a very major support for the development and understanding of astronomy. In earlier issues of the observer’s handbook we gave the details of the establish­ ment and first decades of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. In 1906 under the guidance of Dr. Clarence A. Chant, its remarkable mentor for sixty years, the Society ceased to be just a local group at Toronto. A second Centre was established at Ottawa. Over the years other Centres have been established until the Society now has eighteen from coast to coast in Canada, from St. John’s, Newfoundland to Victoria, British Columbia as listed on page 3. In 1907 the establishment of the Society’s publications, the j o u r n a l and the observer’s handbook, with Dr. Chant as Editor, began to take the Society around the world as well as to bring information to those members unattached to Centres. To keep Centres in touch with one another, the national newsletter was started in 1970. The Society became further established on a national basis in 1958 when, for the first time, the annual meeting and “At Home” were held outside Toronto, at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario. Since then the annual meeting and accompanying General Assembly have been held from the Atlantic to the Pacific and in intermediate points, as follows, with Toronto, Ontario the site of all the years not listed: 1958 Hamilton, Ontario; 1960 Montreal, Quebec; 1962 Edmonton, Alberta; 1964 Ottawa, Ontario; 1966 Winnipeg, Manitoba; 1967 Montreal, Quebec; 1968 Calgary, Alberta; 1970Edmonton, Alberta; 1971 Hamilton, Ontario; 1972Vancouver, British Columbia; 1973 Ottawa, Ontario; 1974 Winnipeg, Manitoba; 1975 Halifax, Nova Scotia; 1976 Calgary, Alberta; 1978 Edmonton, Alberta; 1979 London, Ontario. In the early decades of the Society when only slow rail travel was available, with the large distances across Canada, such gatherings would have been very difficult. The air age brings the opportunity for members from all Centres to meet together and also enjoy delightful local sightseeing trips arranged by the host Centre. The Society has an impressive number of medals and awards to act as incentives and rewards for its most accomplished members. Established in 1905 the Gold Medal goes to a high standing graduate at the University of Toronto. To commemo­ rate the 50-year anniversary of the Society in 1940, a medal in honour of Dr. C. A. Chant was established, to be awarded to an amateur for original investigation. Then in 1959 came the Service Medal for members who have performed outstanding service to the Society. In 1977 the Ken Chilton Prize was established for an amateur astronomer resident in Canada in recognition of a significant piece of astronomical work during the year. In 1978 the Simon Newcomb award was founded for the best essay submitted by a member during the year. Members of the Society make an enormous contribution to popular interest in astronomy in many ways. For example, they hold star nights with their telescopes available for public viewing. And they make observations for research in astronomy. Some of the Centres have fine observatories of their own where experienced members devote many hours to research observations on variable stars, nova searches, comet searches, occultation timings, meteor counts and so on. The efforts of the amateur members of the Society really hit the jackpot in 1978 when one member found the first all-Canadian comet and another was the discoverer of Nova Cygni 1978. H elen S aw yer H o g g 2 THE OBSERVER’S HANDBOOK FOR 1980 the observer’s handbook for 1980 is the seventy-second edition. I thank all those who have contributed to its production: those listed on the inside front cover, and also my editorial assistants Tim Pointing and Douglas Welch. I also thank all those who have sent me corrections to and suggestions about the h a n d b o o k . Errors inevitably creep in; if you see one please let me know, obvious though it may be. Special thanks are due to Dr. Helen Hogg for her interest and her helpful com­ ments, and to Ian McGregor for previewing the 1980 sky for me in the Star Theatre of the McLaughlin Planetarium. I am also grateful to Terence Dickinson for sug­ gesting - and executing - the reorganization of the material on the planets. As always, the members of the R.A.S.C. National Council, the editor Dr. Lloyd Higgs and the executive secretary Rosemary Freeman have given me their cheerful support and assistance. The h a n d b o o k also benefits from the direct and indirect support of the David Dunlap Observatory and Erindale College, University of Toronto. The h a n d b o o k is particularly indebted to H.M. Nautical Almanac Office and to the American Ephemeris for the generous contribution of essential material.
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