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The Foreign Service Journal, May 2005

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The Foreign Service Journal, May 2005 NO IMET FOR INDONESIA ■ CASTRO IN CARACAS? ■ A NEW WMD THREAT $3.50 / MAY 2005 OREIGN ERVICE FJ O U R N A L S THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS STORMY SEAS AHEAD? China Unfurls Its Sails In Re: Personal Banking from Overseas (Peace of Mind Is at Hand!) Dear Journal Reader: There are many exciting experiences while on overseas assignment, but managing your finances isn’t typi- cally one of them. Actually, it can be quite challenging. Managing your pay, meeting financial obligations, maintaining a good credit rating at home, and sustaining and growing one’s financial portfolio can all become a challenge. Additionally, once settled-in at your country of assignment, local obligations arise, requiring the need to transfer funds, be it in US Dollars or in Foreign Currency. A seamless solution exists, which not only provides all of the necessary tools to efficiently manage your Personal Banking but, more importantly, provides “Peace of Mind.” The Citibank Personal Banking for Overseas Employees (PBOE) program delivers this Peace of Mind and so much more. Citibank PBOE has been the provider of choice and industry leader servicing inter- national assignees for over a third of Citibank’s century-plus history. Citibank PBOE offers a product and solution set designed specifically for the client on overseas assignment. Citibank PBOE provides a simpli- fied, practically paperless way to manage your Banking by establishing a comprehensive, globally accessi- ble banking relationship that includes access to credit and also to alternative banking products and ser- vices. NO other financial institution can compare to Citibank’s depth and breadth of global expertise, its technological networking capabilities, its product offerings, or its worldwide presence. The Citibank PBOE Program offers: • U.S. Dollar, NY-based, interest-bearing International Access Account with unlimited deposits and withdrawals. • No Monthly Account Balance Requirement AND the Monthly Maintenance Fee has been WAIVED! • Assignment of a “Personal Banker,”a dedicated point of contact who can handle a variety of financial and customer service needs. • Global access via a Citibank Banking Card, which provides access to account information and funds at over 500,000 locations worldwide. • Ability to access account information, execute Bill Payments and other transactions via Citibank Online, Citibank’s award-winning, premier Internet banking service, at NO charge. • Ability to execute Funds Transfers in almost ANY currency and at a Preferred Foreign Exchange Rate, regardless of currency or amount of transfer. • Assistance in establishing bank accounts overseas, with Citibank or another financial institution. And much more. Now you can start enjoying “Peace of Mind.” The Citibank Personal Banking for Overseas Employees program is close at hand. Simply call, e-mail or write to: Eduardo J. Velarde Vice President Citigroup International Citibank Personal Banking for Overseas Employees Group 666 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor New York, NY 10103 Tel: 1.212.307.8578 (Admin) 1.212.307.8527 (Dir. Line) 1.877.647.7723 (Toll-Free) Email:. [email protected] CONTENTS May 2005 ■ Volume 82, No. 5 F OCUS ON C HINA THE “ONE CHINA” POLICY: TERMS OF ART / 58 Playing with words has been an essential element in maintaining the uneasy peace between 18 / CHINA’S ECONOMIC GROWTH: Beijing and Taipei. SOURCE OF DISORDER? By Stanton Jue Beijing’s rapid rise has raised concerns about the ramifications for the region and the rest of the world. By Robert Wang F EATURES 24 / CONGRESSIONAL PRESSURES AND U.S.-CHINA POLICY As the Bush administration seeks to manage HUGO CHAVEZ: A NEW CASTRO? / 64 Sino-American relations, it would be wise to keep in The Venezuelan president’s authoritarian tendencies mind congressional sensitivities. represent a growing concern to the Bush administration, By Robert Sutter which is speaking out more about the threat he poses to the hemisphere. 30 / CHINA’S NEW DIPLOMACY IN ASIA By George Gedda A proactive PRC is transforming international relations throughout Asia. Here is a look at the four pillars DEPLETED URANIUM MUNITIONS: A NEW WMD / 70 of Beijing’s new regional posture. The United States should lead the international By David Shambaugh community to responsible global control of depleted uranium munitions. 39 / DEEPENING SINO-AMERICAN TIES By Francis Xavier Cunningham AT THE GRASS ROOTS Improvements in China’s human rights record will not come overnight from the top down, but will develop C OLUMNS D EPARTMENTS gradually through social activism. By Carol Lee Hamrin PRESIDENT’S VIEWS / 5 LETTERS / 7 The Essentials Do Not CYBERNOTES / 12 47 / ZHAO ZIYANG: BURIED BUT NOT DEAD Change The Chinese leader’s remains were interred on Jan. 29, MARKETPLACE / 14 By John Limbert but a recent book points to the unfinished historical BOOKS / 75 reckoning of Tiananmen Square. SPEAKING OUT / 15 INDEX TO By Joseph Fewsmith Making a Tragic Mistake in ADVERTISERS / 82 Indonesia 54 / HONG KONG’S SEVEN-YEAR ITCH AFSA NEWS / By Edmund McWilliams Economic malaise, outbreaks of disease and mass protests CENTER INSERT have marked Hong Kong’s first years as part of the PRC. REFLECTIONS / 84 By Heda Bayron By James B. Angell THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS OREIGN ERVICE Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), 2101 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is published J O U R N A L F S monthly with a combined July/August issue by the American Foreign Service Association, a private, non-profit Editor Editorial Board organization. Material appearing herein represents the opinions of the writers and does not necessarily represent STEVEN ALAN HONLEY Senior Editor HOLLIS SUMMERS, the views of the Journal, the Editorial Board or AFSA. Writer queries and submissions are invited, preferably by SUSAN B. MAITRA CHAIRMAN e-mail. Journal subscription: AFSA Members - $13 included in annual dues; others - $40. For foreign surface mail, Associate Editor add $18 per year; foreign airmail, $36 per year. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C., and at additional mail- SHAWN DORMAN KENT C. BROKENSHIRE ing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to Foreign Service Journal, 2101 E Street N.W., Washington, D.C. Ad & Circulation Manager STEPHEN W. B UCK 20037-2990. Indexed by Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS). The Journal is not responsible for unsolicited ED MILTENBERGER PATI CHAPLIN manuscripts, photos or illustrations. Advertising inquiries are invited. The appearance of advertisements herein Business Manager CAROL A. GIACOMO MIKKELA V. T HOMPSON does not imply the endorsement of the services or goods offered. FAX: (202) 338-8244 or (202) 338-6820. WILLIAM W. J ORDAN Art Director E-MAIL: [email protected]. WEB: www.afsa.org. TELEPHONE: (202) 338-4045. © American Foreign Service CARYN SUKO SMITH LAURIE KASSMAN Association, 2005. Printed in the U.S.A. Send address changes to AFSA Membership, 2101 E Street N.W., KAY WEBB MAYFIELD Advertising Intern Washington, D.C. 20037-2990. Printed on 50-percent recycled paper, of which 10 percent is post-consumer waste. MARIA-ANGELICA AGUAYO VIRGINIA F. S MITH CHRISTOPHER L. TEAL TED WILKINSON Cover and inside illustrations by Jeff Moores MAY 2005/FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL 3 PRESIDENT’S VIEWS The Essentials Do Not Change BY JOHN LIMBERT Ambassador entire peoples. … And what is in- George F. Kennan Today’s Foreign volved here is the necessity for under- died on March 17, Service men and standing the lives of these peoples in all 2005, at the age their aspects: social, economic, cultur- of 101. He often women still need the al, as well as political. ... noted that the qualities George “It is [the diplomatist’s] task, very Foreign Service Kennan possessed. often, to say the unpleasant things – he left (against the things people neither want to hear his will) in 1953 had changed dramat- nor like to believe.” ically from the one he entered, in the and career, it is clear that many essen- After listing all the problems of our second class under the “Rogers Act,” in tials of our Service have not changed. career — the dangers, frustrations and 1926. Our Service today is vastly dif- Commentators, such as Washington isolation — he speaks for many of us ferent from his, as well. In a 1999 Post obituary writer J.Y. Smith when he says: interview with the Foreign Service (“Outsider Forged Cold War Strategy”) “To find meaning and satisfaction in Journal (one of the last he gave, in and Kennan biographer Wilson Mis- this work, one must learn, first of all, to fact), he recalled: “When we came to camble, writing in the February 2004 enjoy it as a way of life [emphasis Washington to enter the Foreign FSJ, have noted Kennan’s ongoing added]. One must … [accept] gladly Service school, we were given a list of struggles with the Foreign Service the challenge that the external world the ladies that we should call on in career and his difficulties with its tradi- presents to the understanding and the Washington. … We were part of the tions and restraints. (That issue of the capacity for wonder. This is something diplomatic family in Washington once Journal, featuring several articles cele- which the over-ambitious, self-cen- we were appointed, and we were sup- brating Kennan’s 100th birthday, is tered man will never be able to do posed to call on the proper people.” available online at www.fsjournal.org.) because he will never see much Times and values have changed — For all its achievements, his career beyond himself. ... thankfully. Who would want to return seems another example of the old say- “But there is something more, too, to the unenlightened days of Mc- ing, “Sooner or later the Foreign something more important still. You Carthyism, spouse evaluations and the Service will break your heart.” must also have, if you are to taste the forced resignation of women officers Yet when Kennan spoke to AFSA in full satisfactions of this work, a belief in who decided to marry? One FS retiree 1961 he gave a description of our pro- its essential importance and even — if who served on a selection board back fession that reflected great pride and I may use this term — its solemnity.” in the 1960s still recalls reading endless satisfaction.
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