MASARYK UNIVERSITY the Screwtape Letters: Translation And
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MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION Department of English language and literature The Screwtape Letters: Translation and analysis Bachelor thesis Brno 2014 Supervisor: Mgr. Martin Němec Written by: Dagmar Kostelníková Declaration I declare that I wrote the thesis by myself and that I used only the sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the deposition of the thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at Masaryk University in Brno to make it accessible for further study purposes. Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci vypracovala samostatně, s použitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s Disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy Univerzity a ze zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších přepisů. Souhlasím, aby práce byla uložena na Masarykově Univerzitě v Brně v knihovně Pedagogické fakulty a zpřístupněna ke studijním účelům. Brno, 5th April 2014 Dagmar Kostelníková 2 Bibliography Kostelníková, Dagmar. The Screwtape Letters: Translation and analysis: bachelor thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, Department of English language and literature. 2014. 59 pages. The supervisor of the bachelor thesis: Mgr. Martin Němec. Abstract This bachelor thesis focuses on the translation and analysis of the first three chapters of the novel The Screwtape Letters written by a popular author C.S. Lewis. The thesis is divided into three parts – the introduction, the practical part and the theoretical part. In the introduction is to be found a brief biography, Lewis's literary legacy, the description of The Screwtape Letters itself and last but not least Lewis's conversion to Christianity, which highly influenced his work. The practical part deals with the translation of the first three chapters and the theoretical part deals with the analysis of the translation that is compared to the official Czech version with respect to the lexicology and the pragmatics, there is also to be found mentions of etymological aspects of some discussed cases. Key words Translation, analysis, comparison, equivalence, The Screwtape Letters, Christianity, proper names, vocative, loanword. 3 Bibliografický záznam KOSTELNÍKOVÁ, Dagmar. The Screwtape Letters: Translation and Analysis: bakalářská práce. Brno: Masarykova Univerzita, Pedagogická fakulta, Katedra anglického jazyka a literatury. 2014. 59 stran. Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Mgr. Martin Němec. Anotace Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá překladem a analýzou prvních třech kapitol knihy Rady zkušeného ďábla od čtenářsky oblíbeného autora C.S. Lewise. Práce je rozdělena do třech oddílů – úvodu, praktické části a části teoretické. V úvodu je krátce popsán životopis autora, jeho literární odkaz, je zde představena samotná kniha a v neposlední řadě také Lewisovo obrácení ke křesťanství, které se ve velkém projevuje právě v jeho pracech. V praktické části je zpracován překlad prvních třech kapitol a část teoretická se zabývá analýzou překladu ve srovnání s oficiálním českým překladem z hlediska lexikálního a pragmatického, dále se práce zmiňuje o etymologických aspektech některých analyzovaných příkladů. Klíčová slova Překlad, analýza, srovnání, ekvivalence, Rady zkušeného ďábla, křesťanství, vlastní jména, vokativ, přejatá slova. 4 Acknowledgement I would like to thank my supervisor, Mgr. Martin Němec, for his valuable advise, help and guidance that he provided during my work on the thesis. 5 Table of Contents 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................7 1.1 About the book and the author.............................................................................................8 1.1.1 Clive Staples Lewis's life.............................................................................................9 1.1.2 Lewis's works and legacy...........................................................................................10 1.1.3 About The Screwtape Letters ....................................................................................11 1.1.4 Lewis as a Christian...................................................................................................12 2 Practical part..............................................................................................................................13 2.1 Chapter I............................................................................................................................13 2.2 Chapter II...........................................................................................................................20 2.3 Chapter III..........................................................................................................................26 3 Theoretical part..........................................................................................................................32 3.1 Principles of translation.....................................................................................................32 3.2 My translation compared to the original Czech version....................................................34 3.2.1 Analysis of proper names...........................................................................................35 3.2.1.1 Screwtape...........................................................................................................36 3.2.1.2 Wormwood.........................................................................................................37 3.2.1.3 Glubose...............................................................................................................39 3.2.2 Analysis of vocatives.................................................................................................40 3.2.2.1 The Patient..........................................................................................................41 3.2.2.2 The Mother.........................................................................................................42 3.2.3 The use of loanwords.................................................................................................44 3.2.4 The analysis of idioms, slang and collocations..........................................................48 4 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................53 5 Bibliography..............................................................................................................................56 6 I have no intention of explaining how the correspondence which I now offer to the public fell into my hands. There are two equal and opposite errors into which our race can fall about the devils. One is to disbelieve in their existence. The other is to believe, and to feel an excessive and unhealthy interest in them. They themselves are equally pleased by both errors and hail a materialist or a magician with the same delight. The sort of script which is used in this book can be very easily obtained by anyone who has once learned the knack; but disposed or excitable people who might make a bad use of it shall not learn it from me. Readers are advised to remember that the devil is a liar. Not everything that Screwtape says should be assumed to be true even from his own angle. I have made no attempt to identify any of the human beings mentioned in the letters; but I think it very unlikely that the portraits, say, of Fr. Spike or the patient's mother, are wholly just. There is wishful thinking in Hell as well as on Earth. ~C. S. Lewis, Preface of The Screwtape Letters 7 1 Introduction C.S. Lewis, the Irish author known predominantly for his top-class septology The Chronicles of Narnia, dedicated mostly to children, but widely read among adult readers, was not only a great fantasy writer but also an enthusiastic Christian apologist. Lewis's Christian belief is reflected into the majority of his writings and therefore he offers an absolutely different dimension of thinking than other popular writers of his time. The reason why I chose to analyze The Screwtape Letters is plain – Lewis simply enthralled me not only by his genius and faithful plot-line, but also by his life convictions and values. In The Screwtape Letters, Lewis creates a cruel but trustworthy world in which all people are highly controlled by devils, and the mere fact is emphasized by the grey and everyday reality, which makes the whole book more serious. I believe that this brilliant fantasy will not leave the reader indifferent to this pervasive spiritual mortal combat. Even though The Screwtape Letters is a very popular publication, there exists only one official Czech version, translated by Pavel Vachek. Since I have read this novel about five-times and each time I was dissatisfied and distracted by Vachek's clumsy translation in some passages, I decided to focus on inventing of the creative and more fluent translation. The thesis is divided into three main parts – introduction, where I concentrate on the author himself, his legacy and Christianity, and, of course, I present the main plot of the novel. The practical part deals with my own translation of the first three chapters and finally the theoretical part focuses on the analysis of the translation and the comparison between Vachek's and my version. 8 1.1 About the book and the author The following