THE LADDER a Lesbian Review November 1964 Vov»Aber 196If Purpose of the Ik E Laddeh Toi Um 9 Lia B E R 2

THE LADDER a lesbian review november 1964 Vov»aber 196if purpose of the Ik e LaddeH ToI um 9 lia b e r 2

Publith*a monthly by tho Doughteri of BflltU, Inc., o gon- ^ pioflt corporation, 1232 Morkot Stroot, Suite 108, Son Fran- 0 B l L I T I S c isc o 2, Collfornio. Tolephono: UNderhlll 3 — 6196*

A WOMEN’S ORGANIZATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROMOTING NATIONAL OFFICERS, DAUGHTERS OF BILITIS, INC. THE INTEGRATION OF THE HOMOSEXUAL INTO SOCIETY BY; PRESIDEMT - Cleo Olenn VICE-PRESIDENT - Del Shearer RECORDim SECRETARY - Agatha Mathys CORRESPONDING SECRETARY - Marjorie McCann PUBLIC RBUTIONS DIRECTOR - Phyllis Leon ...... TREASURER - Del Martin THE LADDER STAFF

E d i t o r ^ Barbara GUttn^s O Education of the variant, with particular emphasis on the psych­ Fiction ond Poetry Editor — Agatha Mathys ological, physiological and sociological aspects, to enable her to understand herself and make her adjustment to society in all Production^)o^a Oliver, V. Pigrom its social, civic and economic implications— this to be accomp­ Circulation Manager— Cleo Glenn lished by establishing and maintaining as complete a library as possible of both fiction and non-fiction literature on the sex de­ THE LADDER is regarded as a sounding board for various viant theme; by sponsoring public discussions on pertinent sub­ points of vtaw on tha homophila and ralatad subjacts and doas not nacas&arity roftact tha opinion of tha organization. jects to be conducted by leading members of the legal, psychiat­ ric, religious and other professions; by advocating a mode of be­ havior and dress acceptable to society. CONTENTS

Ô Education of the public at large through acceptance first of the HUMAN BEHAVIOR: AN INVENTORY OF SCIENTIFIC individual, leading to an eventual breakdown of erroneous taboos FINDINGS - by Berelson and Steiner. and prejudices; through public discussion meetings aforemen­ Book review by Dr, Marvin E. W olfgang,,,...... *1 tioned; through dissemination of educational literature on the Notes from Abroad: Thanksgiving from Indonesia - by Ger van B...... 9 homosexual theme. Mrs, Freeman and Mrs. Morley - by Vem N iv e n .,,,...... 12 Focus on Fashion - by Melanie,...... 16 e Participation in research projects by duly authorized and respon­ Lesblana - by Gene Damon...... 18 sible psychologists, sociologists and other such experts directed Special Report: Invasion of Privacy - by Del Martin...... 19 towards further knowledge of the homosexual. Cross -cu rren ts...... 21 Readers Respond...... 2*1 Investigation of the penal code as it pertains to the homosexual, proposal of changes to provide an equitable handling of cases Cover photo: Ger van B ., by Rora. (See page 9) involving this minority group, and promotion of these changes through due process of law in the state legislatures. Back cover photo by Kay Tobin Copyright 196if by Daughters of B l l l t l s , In c ., San Francisco, California I such things as differential social perspective and voting be­ HUMAN BEHAVIOR: havior. Some of the In tellectu al giants, like William James, Sigmund Freud, Max Weber, Emile Durkhelra, are scarcely men­ an invanfory of stionfifit findings tioned. But Berelson and Steiner are quite clear about the reasons: the genius of these earlier writers lies in their "revolutionary reformulating of human problems," but they do not usually o ffer "the type of empirical documentation re ­ by Bernard Berelson and Gary A. Steiner quired in this Inventory." The reader does not miss the the­ New York, Harcourt, Brace & World, 196k. 712 pages. $11,00 ories because his focus Is on the data. The authors of this large book have undertaken the enormous Moreover, the reader need not be a teacher, researcher, or task of examining the increasingly abundant lite ra tu re in the formal student to understand and appreciate the writing, behavioral sciences, and then of selecting hypotheses, ecplr- which is marvelously free of Jargon without losing the force Ical findings, generalizations and principles that have borne or finesse of the findings. This is not to say that students in the field of human behavior will not profit from the book, fru it to become part of our heritage of knowledge about man's for the range covered is wide enough to h it some hiatus in behavior. V/e must keep in mind that there are about 9,000 almost anyone's knowledge. Findings are grouped under these articles in psychology and 2,5000 in sociology summarized for categories: behavioral development; perceiving; learning and PSYCHOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS and SOCIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS each year! thinking; motivation; the family; face-to-face relations in There are many more in each field that are not abstracted, I small groups; organizations; institutions; social stratifica­ mention these figures merely to give a vague notion of the tion; ethnic relation s; mass communication; opinions, a t t i ­ task facing anyone or any group seeking to condense knowledge and to translate scientific findings into prose that communi­ tudes, and beliefs; the society; culture. cates to the non-specialist. In one sense, the presumption Mentions of conformity to and deviance from dominant culture that che task can be done is almost arrogant; that the work themes are scattered throughout the book. There is no focal has been done at a ll , and done w ell, is a display of devo­ emphasis on patterns of sexual deviation, but statements made tion, courage, and erudition. Lesser men would have given up by the authors and quotations from other writers are such in despair or never tried. that sex variations are placed in the perspective of cultural relativity common to anthropology and sociology. Ford and The selection process, while undoubtedly tedious, was aided Beach (PATTERNS OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR) are cited frequently in partly by the fact that much of the literature in psychology, this context, as are Kinsey and other well-known authors. sociology, anthropology, soclometry, and social psychology is Homosexual behavior is acknowledged as being different from heuristic and speculative - not yet tested or not presented the statistical norm but is not treated as being pathological in testable ways. These behavioral sciences deal with such or socially dysfunctional. Specific references to homosexu­ complex phenomena, human behavior, that th eir lack of p reci­ ality are not meant to constitute a systematic presentation sion and of adequate tools for measurement renders them read­ of the topic, but there are statements of interest. ily vulnerable to criticism. The hard core of verifiable ideas is limited partly by the sophistication of the research For example, in a general discussion of physiological needs, methods available to the researcher. This limitation has the authors report that a high percentage of women whose ova­ often resulted in over-researching the picayune and under­ ries have been removed show l i t t l e or no change in sexual reporting of the socially significant. This poverty has been desire (p. 49t; that hormones administered artificially have a reflection of these disciplines during this century. But little effect on men whose sexual motivation is low (ibid,); what has been of significance on a relatively firm basis has that when homosexuals are treated with hormones of their own been clearly, carefully, and succinctly presented by Berelson sex, homosexual interest is likely to be Increased rather and Steiner. The authors present, altogether, 1045 findings. than reversed if there is any effect at all (ibid.). As they cautiously remark: "Not a ll absolutely true, not a ll final or definitive - but certainly among the best-estab­ In an Interesting reference to a study in experimental psy­ lished generalizations of this scope. Taken together, these chology, the authors report that "when looking at interesting findings reveal a good deal about the subjects studied in the or pleasant materials, as compared to neutral ones, the pupil behavioral sciences, the ways in which they are studied, and dilates measurably. Conversely, looking at distasteful or the kind of knowledge that emerges" (p, 659), disliked materials produces contraction" (p. 103). In p a rti­ cular, acknowledged male homosexuals were differentiated from The book is, as the subtitle tells, an inventory of scientif­ "normals" simply by their d ifferen tial pupillary response to ic findings. Little attention is given to theory, and con­ photographs of male homosexuals versus female pin-ups (pages sequently there is no systematic viewpoint stretching across 103-104). The simplicity of such a tool for discriminating the span of topics, from such things as optical illusions to between hetero- and homosexuals reveals one of the lim ita­ tions of the book: namely, the lack of c r itic a l analyses of the varied research methodologies employed in the many works is the lack of research in psychiatry in general (or perhaps cited to buttress the generalizations. Perhaps an Inventory psychiatry's reluctance to be researched). "Strictly speak- of behavioral sciences is enough to ask for, however, because Steiner, " it cannot even be cLsidered the task of methodological criticism would require a separate established that psychotherapy, on the average. Improves a and different kind of book. Nonetheless, one is left wph patient s chances of recovery beyond what they would be with­ many unanswered questions when reading about such e^erlm ents out any formal therapy whatsoever" (ib id .). When improve­ as pupillary response and sexual differentiation. In fair­ ments do occur in p atien ts, homogamy between therapist and ness though, i t should be noted that the bibliography is ex­ client see^ to be Important, l. e., the more like the thera- tensive and thorough, and anyone wishing to probe deeper is p lst and the less in need of help the patient Is , the better given ample direction to do so. his prospects. And the more psychologically sophisticated the better educated, the higher in social class, the younger Another example which leaves unanswered questions occurs in and the less sick the patient, the better are his chances for a discussion of repression and "reaction-formation, as men­ beneflttlng from psychotherapy. Thus, selective response tioned frequently by Freud, relative to paranoia and homosex­ selective therapy, and similarity between therapist and cli­ uality. Gardner (1931), Strakosch (193*^), and Sears (19«) ent are Important variables. Under these conditions, many are referred to in this discussion which concludes that Far­ obvious questions might be raised by the homophlle community fetched as these connections may seem, homosexuality, both about treatment for homosexuals who have emotional problems. overt and symbolic, is far more often observed in paranoid Would a homosexual therapist have more success with a homo-" patients than in the psychiatric population as a whole sexual patient? Is it surprising that a heterosexual thera­ (p. 285). p ist should be unsuccessful In trying to change the sexual proclivities of a homosexual patient? Moreover, if neither Attentlcn is also drawn to some of the important findings in formal therapy nor lack of therapy appears to have much e f­ learning and psychotherapy. In discussions of experimental fect on the homosexuality of an individual, may certain as­ studies of conditioning, we are told that desired responses sumptions be made about the s ta b ility of homosexuality? can presumably be taught and extinguished without the respon­ dent' s awareness, as subjects showed who were used in experl- Berelson and Steiner include empirically derived conclusions nents without realizing they were subjects (p. 1 « ), A nod, from studies in sociology and social psychology that are con­ a smile, and other nonverbal reinforcements can be instrument­ cerned with the Impact of group sanctions and the effect of al in conditioning and reconditioning responses. Berelson the group on the individual. These findings might be consid­ and Steiner point out that "such findings clearly speak to ered of value to the homophlle subculture in view of problems the question of how social conformity can occur without in­ faced by those who deviate from the dominant cultural expec­ tentional compliance, or intentional influence, for that mat­ tation s, In most so cie tie s, for example, the young learn ter V/ithln the behavioral sciences, they have also provoked sexual practices and sexual mores from their peers more than serious questions about how much significance can be placed they do from adults (p, 301). Deviant members of a group are on what people say and do not say in experimental, clinical, more lik e ly to change their behavior to meet the standards of or other interview settings where the investigator himself the modal members of the group than vice versa (p. 332). may be influencing the subject's speech in the direction of Members of a group generally perceive the group's opinion to his own hypothesis or bias, via such selective reinforcement be closer to their own opinions than it actually is (p. 336). (p. 1'I5). Berelson and Steiner refer to other studies which When an Idlvldual is strongly attached to a group and in dispute the finding that verbal conditioning can occur with- close, frequent contact with it, his behavior and beliefs are out the subject*s awareness» and they concludeî ,,,th e role most resista n t to change, and at the same time the group can of awareness is an unresolved and liv e ly issue in the theo­ exercise strong control over him (p, 337), The more compat­ retical literature. But many of the practical implications ible the members of a group are in personality, skills, sta­ of verbal conditioning hold whether the process occurs with tus, norms, the more understood and accepted are the group's or without awareness - e. g ., the p o ssib ility that psycho­ procedures for action and the more effective and satisfying therapists confirm their own theories by reinforcing appro­ will be the performance of group tasks (p. 353). When change priate statements made by patients" (p. 1 « ). Is desired. Influencing people as group members rather than as Isolated individuals is more effective (p. 35*+). Referring to Eysenck, well-known behaviorlst from England, and to other contributors, the authors firmly state "there is In a further refinement of small-group analyses, the authors ' no conclusive evidence that psychotherapy is more effective draw generalizations from the literatu re about two-person and than general medical counseling or advice in treating neuro­ three-person groups. Groups of two are characterized typi­ sis or psychosis" (p. 287). Types of patients, time required cally by high tension and emotion, high exchange of Informa­ to "recover," and a few other variables are mentioned in the tion , high potential of deadlock and In sta b ility , high d if­ summary of studies seeking to evaluate psychotherapy, includ­ ferentiation of role with one person the active Initator, ing psychoanalysis. The evidence is meager and research the other the passive controller (with veto), and "mutual methods need refining; hence, one of the glaring conclusions tolerance" as necessary for survival (p. 360). These traits onnTv p sceclallv to intimate two-person groups lik e t t e t of Reach for me quickly hfSLfand wife For groups of three. It Is noted,, there Is for I go with the morning. ScSirihfpow er of the Ljorlty over the of one, (Sunrise shall find me, shall trs^ me, shall bind me, with usually two stronger over the 350) laving In softness, most stability comes with shifting coalitions (p. ). drowning In song.) These are only a few Illu stra tio n s of the depth and of Tell me I err Items reported In this extremely useful reference book, and I to walk thus, so proudly, have selected these few as having some relevance to the audl- shout that I^m wrong. Sce of thlfRevlew. It Is safe to say that If you have any Interest In what science has to report about h j^n behavior Or Join my gay fantasy, in lafilvlduel or collective form, this book will be a fascl- softly, extravagantly, S t iS SS“ nformatlve source. It will provide you with some lannlng the victory conclusions and will stimulate you to search for more. for weeping In lo s s), turning to share with loveliness there -Reviewed by Marvin E. Wolfgang where nothing but beauty shall sleep with (Dr. Wofgang Is Professor of Sociology the datm. at the University of Pennsylvania.) Laugh with me, lie with me, cry with me, share with me sorrow, ROAD OP THE WORLD share with me exile, share with me wonder Sisters of loneliness, sisters of exile, wandering ever such loves are mine. whatever, wherever forever lo st on the road of the world, Bracelets of silver, ceramics and leather, light voices, high laughter, — J. J. b rie f kisses of wine.

In each lovely face I find a reflection, Notes from Abroad my sisters, my lovers, half-walking dreams, moving to approach me sw iftly, come to my side. Thanksgiving from Indonesia Drifting In patterns blowing sand, dead sand, come to me, love for me, (Editor's note: This letter IS a sequel to "Isolation at noon by a tid e. In Indonesia" which was published In our Jute Issue. (All others absorbing In flashes of brilliance The w riter Is pictured on this month's front cover.) one will stand firmly, to quietly question the scope of my dreams.) I have such heavenly news to t e ll you I f I could only find the right wordsI That I am no longer alone, that I have sud­ denly found friends 1 I t began with a secretary that I met, Listening to streams fun-loving Rora. I made friends with her and she confessed of melody flowing from the pain of our bruises, our sorrows, quite soon that she was a lesbian - and thought of h erself as the only one tool We became vast friends (but Just friends) or fears, and decided to room together, which we did. We had, of come wrap me In velvet, course, a million things to talk about. clothe me with color, bed me with fragrance of perfume and tears. Rora knew some male homosexuals, a whole gang of them, to whom she Introduced me. They couldn't believe our lesbianism because we look so "dead normal" whereas they look very femi­ nine. They amused and shocked me at the same time. They are so very feminine that I wondered how they could hold their Jobs. (And they all have good Jobs and are from the best of families ) In short. It was a very confusing e^erlence on ruin the girls and make perfect parasites - or worse - out of both sidesl I became one of the gang, but not for long. them. Iknow, they tried i t with me too, and I know some of Thev disappointed me. Their one most cherished topic is SEX, these girls - before and afterwards, (How I do hate those and^I am sorry, but a fte r a while i t gave me a pain in the women, those hypocritical human-vampiresI) S i “ h e ^ ^ e a ll polygamous. I thought they wouldn t d if­ I can 't fay how grateful I am for my subscription renewal fer from us I from an anonymous donor. Thanks so much, also from the oth­ But I have more wonderful news to t e ll you - Just lis te n . At ers here who enjoy THE LADDER as much as I do. We don't need a party I made acquaintance with another woman, ^rrled and anything as much as reading, which Is the only way to In­ a party i luau . »j- t know at the time.) crease our knowledge and understanding. S o ,,,lf you should th l waino bfauty b it had a very in teresting fa ce; narrow, have any reading matter to spare (second-, third-, fourth- ilt h sharp features and sparkling r f hand, it doesn't matterl), would you please cast it on a ship on its way hither?? I t would be so very welcomeI You would SSt!ln2 S -o^aSlrflSed hi^ ¿A iSv laugh i f you could see us and the boys, raiding each other's bookcases for something to read, and begging the one going abroad to please not forget to bring some of "our" books. ted in women. (She has more courage and honesty than I had.) (Which they usually dldn^t forget, but were ashamed to buy, the soft-headsi) We are so very grateful to own a book, no Their marriage wasn't a o''®’n^fnr^hL l l t t l e ^ S ^ her husband for appearance-sake and for her little son. matter i f we've already read i t .

I was her first experience, the first woman in her life. She Do you really think that excerpts from my letters could be was as Ignorant as I was some 15 years ago. I loved her so anything to others? I can hardly believe it. Of course you much I didn't do anything to win her for me. I wanted her to have my permission to publish excerpts from my letters and know herself first and to accept all consequences - without neither Hetty nor Rora has any objections, for we Just don t S rin n iS ce from me. I let her fight her struggle ^one care what people would think o f us i f they should know. We watching her powerless from a distance and sharli^ her pain are not ashamed nor afraid of anything. aS despair with all my heart. Hetty, that is SHE came out of her struggle true to herself and went home to tell iar Would you give oiu? love to all our sympathizers? And tell the world that we are happy being ourselves and no distorted husband her decision. convention-victims anymorel Thank you again for everything. Her husband didn't like It at all. He hated losing her for I can't specify, it's Just: everything! It would detract from his reputation and career, so he said. Byt Hetty made her decision and moved in with me and Is now - Ger van B. getting a divorce. She gave up her son, because she doesn t think I t wise to le t him grow up among women only, which was very hard and painful for her to decide. Fortunatley he 1» a very Independent and easy-going l i t t l e fellow (age?) and WILL YOU SHARE WITH GER ? doesn't ask questions. She sees him frequently after office hours so that he may tell her all his experiences of the day.

And all this happened In such a short time. I can't believe At this time of year, as you give thanks for abundance often It myself not being alone anymore. Rora doesn t want to taken for granted, will you share a book or ^o? Ger van B. leave us and Is looking for a partner of her own - but taking has shared with you her own earnest longing for books on the her time. And now Hetty, Rora, and I are busy decorating our homophlle theme. "Our" books are simply not available in her new home. own country# As Ger ©jplalned In the letter published in June: "Even books and other reading matters are hard to get If I had any inclination to leave this country and to try my and because our money has no value abroad we can 't order any­ luck somewhere else, I am sure I don t feel so any lo'^ser. I thing ourself. We are dependent on what the bookstores are am sure there are more of our kind here, hundreds, thousands, allowed to import. And that is not much - mostly textbooks - and I want to detect them and give them at le a st our and very rarely a few pockets." Ger does not take books for friendship and understanding and the enlightenment they so granted. She has appealingly described her hmpr for them. badly need, I know, of course, of so-called women-clubs, Won' t you respond by mailing a quality book with a homophlle mostly high society, where they literally commit lesbianism element (new or used, hardcover or paperback, non-flctlon or Just for tho fun of it, but I didn't mean those women. They fiction) to: BOCKS FOR GER. Postal Box 8lt32. Philadelphia. 1. are Just bored, with too much time ,and money and too little Pa. iqioi. A' DOB meSBer in Philadelphia has offered to box to do. Their hobby Is maintaining young girls, preferably and'forTjard the books to Ger in Indonesia. Donations of pos­ art students, as their so-called protegees. Of course they tage stamps to help with the mailing will also be welcome! More correspondence from Ger w ill appear In December LADDER. up this night,..to tell my dear dear dear dearest dear hus- Mrs. Freeman & Mrs. Morley band..,that I am more and more in love with you every time I see you, and love you so well that I cannot e:q)ress It no way but by saying I am your louse in bosom and would be very glad to be always so near you,’ Being In fact some little known facts of the life of Sarah Jennings Churchill, Duchess of "At exactly the same time Anne played husband to Frances’ s Marlborough (1660-1744-), and Anne (1665-1714-), wife. (*) Some of this derives from the way very young girls Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, 1702-1714. of the period - and very young princesses even more - were kept apart from men, and hence given to inventing a lif e with by Vern Niven them. Often, too, they played male roles in Court th eatri­ cals (Anne and Prances addressed each other by name taken Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, was one of the most powerful from Lee’ s ' Mlthrldates' ), (* Prances playing wife - Ed.) women In English history, and she dominated the l i f e of "Good Queen Anne," one of the most important queens in the colorful "So much might be no more than adolescent transferences cou­ royal history of England. pled with period romanticism. Yet almost three years after her marriage at fifte e n , Mary could s t i l l write to Prances Traditionally, there Is often a power behind the throne, and protesting Prances’ s Inconstancy, and urging her to ’ take this power Is assumed to be a woman; but when the throne Is h eed ,.,fo r ’ tls dangerous to vex a lover and a woman,’ And occupied by a woman, one might expect the power to be a man. a grown-up Anne w rites, from time to time, with peculiar in­ An exception to this was the clearly lesbian Influence that tensity to Sarah, displaying more than ordinary affection. Sarah exercised over Anne during their long and Intimate re­ Indeed, Anne’ s attitude toward women was remarked upon soon lationship. The fact that these women married and produced a fte r her death. Allowing for the current tendency to ferret children is of little significance In view of the times In out and stress sexual abnormality, one s till has a sense of which they lived. something in Anne’ s emotions that suggests the abnormal," Sarah’ s sister, Frances, was one of the astounding beauties I t Is worth noting that William of Orange (William I I I of of a ll time and was a maid of honor to the f i r s t Duchess of England) is known to have been a homosexual. Here was a re­ York (Anne’ s mother). Sarah was left at home alone with ser­ markable situ ation : Anne was Inclined toward lesbianism, her vants during her formative years while her mother accompanied s is te r Mary leaned in this direction as w ell, and Mary's hus­ Prances to Court. A few years later Sarah also went to Court band was an acknowledged homosexual. long enough to have her mother tossed out and to cement her own position In the ducal hosehold - all this while s till a Early in th eir friendship Anne and Sarah adopted pseudonyms child. to allow themselves the privilege of written communication as coequals. Anne became Mrs. Morley, and Sarah, befitting her Prom the time Sarah was fourteen and Anne was nine, they were pushy personality, was Mrs, Preeman. fast friends. The colorless Anne naturally turned toward the vivacious, enterprising older girl, Anne was motherless by Sarah, helped by Mary of Modena (Anne's new, young stepmoth­ this time and her father was neglectful. Her older sister, er) , married John Churchill. This marriage is h isto rically Mary (who became Mary I I , Queen of England, Scotland, and regarded as a love-match on his part and an ambitious move on Ireland, I 689-I694, Joint sovereign with her cousin-husband Sarah’ s. John Churchill was to be England’ s greatest soldier William III, Prince of Orange), was consumed with personal In a period (the Restoration) filled with greats: Dryden the Interests - another girl - and no one except Sarah Jennings satirist, Pepys the diarist. Wren the architect, Purcell the paid attention to the young Princess Anne. composer, Milton the poet, Bentley the scholar, Newton the s c ie n tis t. The marriage of John and Sarah was done In secret Mary’ s pursuits, as well as the nature of Anne and Sarah’ s in 1677 or 1678. John's role as soldier took him away from relationship, are described by biographer Louis Kronenberger; his bride for a great deal of time. Yet even after the mar­ riage was known, the Churchills remained a part of the house­ "The nature of Anne’ s feeling for Sarah Is too Intense to Ig­ hold of the Duke and Duchess of York and the Princess Anne. nore, yet not altogether easy to define. Por It Is compli­ cated by the whole atmosphere of Anne’ s girlhood. Her s is te r As the years passed, Anne and Sarah were thrown together Mary, for example, was Involved In a :^lendship with Prances aga l" and again - whether by accident or by design cannot be Apsley In which Mary acted the wife aiid Prances the husband, known now. By 1684 Sarah’ s connection with Anne was not only and In which Mary wrote to Prances as follow s: ’ l have sat close but o ffic ia l. In 1683 John Churchill had been sent by King Charles to Denmark to conduct Danish Prince George to England "to fall In love with Anne." George dutifully ar­ rived and married Anne on July 28, 1683, He Is remembered as Sarah almost en tirely . The l i s t of honors bestowed both John and Sarah Churchill would fill a page. Sarah was named, among other things. Comptroller of the Privy Purse. I K S u S sisarah . .a appointed on. of Anne' s ladies of the bedchainher, For four years Sarah was the favored one. Then politics caused Anne and Sarah to quarrel. Into the breach moved an o b scSe^^in of Sarah’s! Abigail Hin. a 'halting woman^^^ the Queen, Ironically, It was Sarah who had got Abigail her nosltlon. The day came when Abigail was plainly Anne s fa - turn the dull George also came to look up to Sarah, vorUe lid Sarah was left out. The circumstances sur^omdlng this displacement read like low comedy. Sar^ s foolish in early 1685 King Charles ^ed^^^ take was^that In the face of highly preferential treatment, she ceased to shower Anne with the attention to which Anne =l!Si?£Æ . «.Beje«^ 2d 2 2 2 acc2tomed. When Sarah at last realized the slt- 2 t lS 2d inv^tlgat^d. she found that "Abigail had for a K f é a ? S Ï Ï = S r ï S t L l tne a .»O hlyjfote.^^^^^ long time - during the afternoon while Prince George slep t- spent hours with the Queen." risifS a rss's-s» “ T s ¿"bsi s - The Whigs gleefully pair.phleteered the new "love" of Anne’ s to I “S s M l the nation ‘ »^Bls^altW ____ that S e s II vas Anne's father, which says a good Great Britain^ s scepter swayed. S hoSsarah had on Anne. As one biographer describes It. Besides the Church, she dearly loved “ îrS 'i ¡ S intluenee over inne tor the tlrat tlM ocoa- A dirty Chamber-maid. sloned ^fateful action.” After a brouhaha of actions and reactions, James, who had l ï T o r o k Z “ S r H o l S i f nLTKÏrSâ Sen of iTttTnni

S rh lfs^ p o rt and created him Earl of M^l^rough. Sarah wS happllf reinstalled with Anne In the Cockpit. Anne soon made a permanent ^nemy of her ^J^ter now^u^n Marv The Queen's revenge was directed at Sarah un^oniAi. Anne*refused to give Sarah up and the sisters quarrels were V, *■ on<^ vunjwv This only served to unite Sarah and Anne. S i l i i o S S « » “ h » 111 When Anne wee 27 end Sereh l i l l l s s bponme clearly a physical relationship, if It had not al o t her S 2 e to Grace Ridley - her " first woman." wâs be^ sS S e ! faLd with the terror of separation from Sarah which Sarah herself suggests on behalf on Anne, writes in one letter: "If you should ever do so cruel a thlnp.. bibliography Sorth iÆ n t I eLu never enjoy one ,,aet *f A STUDY IN Should you do It without asking my consent...1 ^ 1 1 Khonenhergen, Icn le . » » O U G H ’ S WCBESS s e lf up and never see the world more." And la t e r : I f I t be possible I am every day more and more yours. S erg "S '‘rhliip'»- ' m K » ™ »«“ “ »s«” ' For a few years Anne was In royal disfavor and consequently „arliiigh^BuLe- of- ^ so were the Marlboroughs. However, Queen Mapr died, and B0BOGOH+ By «11^™ g g j igg gOCIAL BIS- "slcklv" William ruled alone. Anne was now In line for l^he “ 'lÎJî'of SIS’OP S h bI m IKGS. duchess op «BIBO R . throne Court notables who had avoided Anne began to pay her S lûentSn, and Sarah too was again In the limelight. K ? ” ia t ? lc i 'c » i t le . AMS, GtEEl(AŒ+ Indlanapolle, As a conciliatory gesture only, William made Anne f a t Court. In 1702, William died, and Anne was crowned Q Gerai°’’5Sil“i.'*'OTAmN TO GIDEt N. Y.. Ventage, 196» Great Britain and Ireland. To all Intents and ^ ^ mde Sarah and her husband the rulers - for Anne belonged to

m- Mr. Johnson, who did research on the subject, says a majority of the women wearing the topless dresses are "perfectly ordi­ ¿ocug on laúloñ nary housewives and working g i r l s .. ,, " Yet o ffic ia ls (a ll male and a ll in offices geared to defending the status quo) lin e up to a man to denounce such exposure. For example, the prosecuting counsel in a case in California, speaking of a Pants are properl The running debate among top fashion de­ pretty girl who had worn a topless bathing suit, accused the signers on both sides of the Atlantic has at last subsided. g irl of "throwing f ilt h in the faces of the pcllce and the With help from HARPER'S, VOGUE, and the NEW YORK TIMES, the public," Nudists, strip-tease artists, and call girls also ayes have Itl, This season you can wear pants absolutely any­ hate the topless trend for the threat it poses to their spe­ where - which means dandy pants for town and fancy pants for cial monopolies. Test cases are reportedly being contrived. evening. You can choose from knickers, b ritch es. Jumpsuits, pantsuits, p an t-sh ifts, e tc . Combine with a charaplon-swlTnmer But, Mr. Johnson points out, i f such exposure be a crime of hairdo sleeked back behind your ears and a cropped coat. An Indecency, then i t is so because of the view that women s inside contact reports that fashion artists are being told to breasts are obscene. We admire the philosophical level to draw th eir panted women to "look like lesb ia n s," But who can which Mr. Johnson carries the controversy: "The obscenity, be sure what tha^'means? if any exists, must and can only lie in the eyes of the be­ holder, What the law is in fact saying is that women must Let's review what fashion experts were saying about pants, not expose th eir breasts because men are obscene. And here 'Enough women wear pants now - mentally, I mean" (Geoffrey we come to the heart * f the matter. The law is made by men Beene). "I've worn pants for years and they are not comfor­ and for men: the woman is, as it were, incidental to it. She tab le" (Nando Sarmi). "I adore them. I t ’ s a way o f l i f e I is regarded more in the nature of an instrument, an imperson­ understand" (Elolse Cxirtls), 'Enough is enough,,. Pants are al property, without legal conscience of her own, whose sig­ not yet for '2 1 ' or the Automat" (Anne K lein), " I t 's such a nificance consists solely in the way men react to her,,,. The d efinitive fashion statement" (Stanley Herman). "There is Interests of the woman are rejected as irrelevant. The law, not enough variety of sizes to accomodate all our little der­ being en tirely .masculine in orientatlcp, cannot conceive that rières" (Trigere). Mrs. Vreeland of VOGUE sidestepped the a woman may wish to show her breasts without any other motive whole controversy; "No matter what a woman wears she's a l­ than that she is proud of them .,,. Here.,,we have a very ways a woman.,,. My dear, we are a ll women underneath." simple and stral^tforward issue of personal liberty, which goes straight to the heart of the continued subjection and subordination of women in our society.... Women have got the vote and much else of the formal impedimenta of equality; The Sunday, Sept, 20th N, Y, TIMES explored the Hls-ls-Hers they have yet to break through the social mould which s t i l l trend. They quote fashion phlloscpher James Laver: 'Emanci­ treats them as objects rather than persons. A s illy season pation of women must ultim ately mean the emergence of a ma­ stunt - or a revolt of the still-inferior sex?" triarchal society. In such as age. male and female costume will invariably come so close as to be nearly identical." Since you put it that way, Mr, Johnson, we're almost tempted In the same a r tic le , Debbie Turbeville of HARPER'S BAZAAR de­ to buy a topless dress tomorrow. c la re s: "There is a chic about women wearing men's clothes. - Melanie . . . A really Independent woman should be able to get her clothes anywhere. Why does i t have to be a woman's shop?" s p e o i -A-I- i n o t i c e s

What every lesbian knows about the status of women in our so­ the ladder does not subscribe to a news clipping service. ciety was discussed with sensitivity by Paul Johnson, writing We get ours fresh from the field ! You are our only so ^ c e . in the English magazine NEW STATESMAN for July 24, 1964. Mr, Next time you see a news item that might in terest LADDER Johnson explains that "fundamental Issues of human freedom" readers won^t you pluck i t for us? Please give date and - for women - lie behind the topless dress controversy. He name of'publication. Dispatch to the Editor, c/o DOB. notes that the topless dress began as a gimmick Intended to make the low-cut gown seem less daring, therefore more tempt­ WHEN YOU MOVE please notify our Circulation Manager. The ing, to the inhibited buyer. The press went along with the rate u sL for THE LADDER does not permit forwarding gimmick for the sake of lively copy. Then to the astonish­ even though your former post o ffice may have your new ad ment of designers, topless dresses actually began to sell dress! A^old missing any Issues'. Send your new address well in the stores where they were available. Consequently, promptly to the Circulation Manager in San Francisco. new social and moral questions have to be faced squarely, 298. MISS BANNISTER'S GIRLS - by Louise Tanner. Farrar, by Gene Damon Straus, 1963. The su btitle - "An Acidulous Novel" - Is a Just description. Louise Tanner, wife of Edward Everett Tanner of AUNTIE MAME fame (alias Patrick Dennis), writes of a reunion of graduates of an exclusive g irls ' school. In the precis of the group, 291;. A CANDLE IK THE SUN - Uy Marguerite Steen. Doubleday, taken from the class prophecy, we find this entry: "Juliet 196*+. Barton, Nickname: Jojo. Future: First woman to do fifteen rounds with Joe Louis and live to tell the tale." Each girl George, a w riter, has been unhappily married for years. When Is accorded a chapter, and each f l i t s In and out of the other he falls In love with Lucian, he decides to divorce Blythe. chapters. JoJo Is painted In a much less malicious light Complications begin when he finds that Blythe has a female than the majority of the girls. Good, If only because comic lover, Oggle, The portrayal of Oggle Is no white-wash. But novels which touch on lesbianism are so few and far between. Oggle Is a gentleman, and there Is very subtle propaganda for lesbians. A good book, worth buying. 295, HONEY FOR THE BEARS - by Anthony Burgess. Norton, 1963, 1964. SPECIAL REPORT Despite the critics’ huzzahs, this book Is a flop as the sat­ ire It was touted to be. English antique dealer Paul Hussey “INVASION OF PRIVACY” and his American wife Belinda slip Into Leningrad to s e ll dresses (Ille g a lly , of course) to the Russians. During the The Mattachlne Society’ s 11th Annual Conference was held at voyage, Belinda Is confined to her bunk with a rash (which "The Precarious Vision" In San Francisco on August 29. proves to be psychosomatic). Events cause Paul to be separ­ I t was filmed by the Canadian Broadcasting Corp. for future ated from Belinda almost on arriving In Russia, and Belinda Is hospitalized for the rash. This puts her Into the hands television viewing In Canada. of Dr. Sonya Lazurklna, a gentle and very kind lesbian. All The topic "Invasion of Privacy" was considered from the legal of this Is id eal, since Belinda has long been secretly carry­ standpoint by W. E. "Dane" Mohler, J r . , of the Prank C. Wood ing on with various women. After several less than funny ad­ law firm In Los Angeles. The Rev. Canon Robert Cromey, ventures, Paul leaves Russia, without Belinda (who Is staying tor of S t. Aden’ s Episcopal Church, spoke on the “oral and with Sonya) and very much In doubt of his own normalcy since religious aspects of privacy. A Presentation of slides and I t seems he too has been fighting the "urge" for some time. description of bugging devices were given by Robert J. Durx The long le tte r which Belinda sends to Paul to explain her sen, Mattachlne's Public Relations Director. feelings for Sonya is delightful, and this alone more than makes up for some of the asinine aspects of the book. According to Hal C all, president of the Mattachlne Society, 296, THE BITTER FRIENDSHIP - by Rosemary Tlmperly. London, "Invasion of Privacy" was chosen as theme for because of the ominous growth of spying ^u- Robert Hale, 1963, of Individuals, In defiance of guarantees In our Constltu tion. The problem Includes not only the Ille g a l searches and A detailed study of the Intertwined lives of two women, Carol seizures often made by law enforcement agencies, also the and Astrld, from age 8 until the death of one. Their rela­ unlawful tactics used by private investigators. So great Is tionship Is far from usual. While it never becomes overt, the threat that the Federal Government has taken steps to the affair Is so Intense it can only be described as lesbian. combat I t . Attorney General Robert Kennedy has appointed a When they are 12 and 13, Astrld falls violently In love with official to study police practices and to a mannish (though heterosexual) teacher, and the chapters civil liberties groups, as a new adjunct activity of the about this period are the most moving. The author has a t a l ­ Denartment of Justice. Mr. Call reported also that Congress ent for describing the emotions and behavior of young g ir ls . Is considering the appointment of a would be the preservation of privacy and civil liberties. 297, THE JUMPING OFF PLACE - by Garet Rogers. D ial, I 962. The afternoon program was opened by the showing of a cartoon This many-people novel of li f e In a state asylum during the film , "The Great Rights," designed to remind Americans that 1920’ s was righ tly considered a male homosexual t i t l e by most the privileges and rights we take orJlghts reviewers. However, It also contains one of the most fasci­ I f we fa ll to understand and support the B ill of Rights. nating uses of lesbianism as a plot device I ’ve ever read, A special treat - a clever and sympathetic approach, and a lulu of a surprise to the reader, Rev. Cromey noted that there Is little reference in Christian only In "exceptional circumstance," which Is certainly more theology to privacy. Yet the life of prayer and private med­ protection than "probable cause." Mr. Mohler suggested that ita tio n Is considered Important to man's sp iritu al being. At we can help to secure our homes by taking cases of violation the same time, a mature person must be able to participate in to court and demanding our rights be upheld through due pro­ the corporate life of society - his public and private lives cess of law. Court decisions favoring privacy may In turn should nourish and balance each other. create more respect for the right to privacy. Rev. Cromey admitted that the Christian church has failed to Mr. Mohler also pointed to the Fifth Amendment which secures come to terms with Eros. Whether erotic love, heterosexual the privacy or sanctity of a person's mind by protecting him or homosexual. Is sinful depends on two considerations, he from being forced to Incriminate himself. believes. The first is one's Individual conscience In rela­ tionship with God. The second Involves the concept of crea­ "We must fight the wholesale rape of our san ctity ," he OTged. tion, something of the glvlngness of l i f e . I f homosexual commitment Is capable of engendering and deepening love, then - Del Martin the church cannot automatically say homosexuality Is sin fu l, "There can be no nurturing of love without Intimacy, and in ­ timacy needs privacy," said Rev, Cromey. So-termed "surveillance equipment" designed to eavesdrop on Cross-currents private conversations was Illustrated by slides with commen­ tary by Mr. Durksen. These devices Include: wireless micro­ phones operating on standard FM band that can pick up conver­ sations as far as a mile away; voice-actuated switches which turn on a tape recorder when someone speaks and turn It off The NATIONAL CAPITOL AREA CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION issued la st when silence ensues; FM receivers In autos, working on car August a resolution suggesting that "the Federal Government b atteries; amplifiers that pick up barely audible sounds; end Its policy of rejection of a ll homosexuals on that ground b rie f cases that have hidden recording equipment. Some other alone" from employment by the government. The resolution o f­ fers a forceful rebuttal to the three principal arguments spying gadgets are long-range telescopes, cameras using given by the government to support Its view that homosexuals Infrared film which requires no light, and two-way mirrors (often used by police In public toilet facilities). are unsuitable employees: l) the presence of a homosexual In an o ffice Is detrimental to morale and efficien cy; 2) homo­ sexuality Is Immoral and hence Is ground for disqualifica­ "This is Just a glimpse of the many devices that are av a il­ tion; 3) homosexuals have greater susceptibility to coercion a b le," warned Mr. Durksen. "There are many others we are not through blackmail. Argument number 2 is the one most often hearing about." relied on by the government. The resolution re fle cts the thinking of the NCACLU only and not that of the national Mr. Mohler declared that "If the right of privacy Is lost, we AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION, which has the resolution un­ lose the cornerstone of freedom," He added that he was ap­ der consideration. Any change In the position ^he influ­ palled by the general lack of concern for this basic right. ential national ACLU will be reported In THE LADDER. "A man's home Is supposed to be his c a s tle ," said Mr. Mohler The government transcript is now available of the DOTOY HEM- In referring to the Fourth Amendment, which protects citizens INGS^on HR 5990, the b ill which would require every organlza from unreasonable search and seizure. Until recently this lion ralsinf iuAds In the District «ol^bla ^to "shov^to right was seldom tested In this country, but now It Is a fre­ the satisfaction of the District Commissioners that funds quent Issue in Jurisprudence because the right is constantly so licited "will benefit or a ssist In promoting the health. Infringed upon. Prior to I960, the Fourth Amendment applied welfare, and morals of the D istrict of jngtON MAT- to federal Jurisdiction only, there being but li| states hav­ is apparently directed primarily against the WASHINGTON MT ing a sim ilar law. But since i 960, when the Supreme Court TACHim SOCIETY, O fficers of this homophlle organization said courts could no longer allow these violations, evidence te stifie d extensively under heavy questioning about the na­ so obtained has been excluded from t r ia l proceedings. ture of the aims and a ctiv itie s of their group. scrip t of th is Congressional subcommittee probe^makes fascl Mr, Mohler said that If the police won' t recognize the right natlng reading. You won' t put It down once you re Into Itl to privacy, the courts generally will. But, he pointed out, The mention of DOB by a Congressman comes as a su p rlse . The we have a long way to go In California," where the police S L 'S p t may be obLlned free of charge by writing to Room can still make a search without a warrant if there Is "prob- M-b-5, Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D. 0 , " ~ which can and often does mean "without cause," The U. S. Supreme Court says warrantless search may be made DRUM Magazine, subtitled "Sex In Perspective," Is the new and distressed by a similar reticence shown by their new gorilla Impressive achievement of the JANUS SOCIETY of Philadelphia named JACOB. "Perhaps," said zoo director Baldwin, "he's a DRUM contains 3U pages of articles, pictures, reviews, news* confirmed bachelor." But getting back to Bobo in S eattle, e tc . The magazine’ s t it l e Is derived from Thoreau's state-* officials say he had an over-protected childhood with loving ment: " I f a man does not keep pace with his companions, per­ human parents. Declared the zoo vet: "Single male primates haps I t Is because he hears a d ifferent drummer," We welcome raised from babyhood In human homes are highly neurotic. DRUM to the ranks of homophlle monthly magazines! (Subscrip­ Bobo has human inhibitions. He simply vjill not make an exhi­ tion Is $4,50 for one year, with reduced rates for longer bition of himself." How sensitive of him! Looking at his term subscriptions. Mall to; Janus Society, 34 S. 17th St. reserved and dignified face, we suggest he may deserve a bit Philadelphia 3, Pa.) Recent Issues of the exurban magazine of privacy and perhaps a single male primate who understands. BUCKS COUNTY LIFE have contained prominent a rtic le s on homo­ sexuality with special reference to the Janus Society and Its philosophy. Author and social philosopher JOSEPH V/OOD KRUTCH, in a lead a rtic le for SATURDAY REVIEW (May 9, 1964) entitled "Confes­ SEPIA Magazine for September carried a special a rtic le on sions of a Square," got pretty steamed up over "fashionable homosexuality. While the treatment Is cursory, the conclud­ w riters" who "persuade us to believe that the world Is d if­ ing sentence speaks as one minority to another: "But how can ferent from what our own experience tells us that It Is.' society continue to Ignore a group which already numbers In He concludes: "Their most pressing problems are not mine.... the millions?" Many of our unhappy geniuses defend homosexuality. Prom that we are sometimes prone to assume that homosexuality Is what The SAN FRANCISCO LEAGUE FOR SEXUAL FREEDOM has been founded has made them genulses. Perhaps I t Is only what has made as runner-up to a sim ilar League In New York, Pounder Ernest them unhappy." That's a neat turn of phrase, but to each his Bapy has been ce rtifie d by two court p sychiatrists as sane, own "experience," Mr, Krutch! but a d issen ter." The Leagues w ill work to legalize p ro sti­ tution, end censorship, liberalize divorce laws, and repeal state laws against alleged perversions. They affirm respect for sexual freedom as a fundamental c iv il lib e rty . In New Postscripts to the DOB NATIONAL CONVENTION held la st June at York, RANDOLFE WICKER climbed on the League's soapbox In the Barbizon Plaza Hotel In New York: Reporters from both Washington Square to speak extemporaneously to a sizeable the NEW YORK TIMES and the HERALD TRIBUNE covered the event, crowd on the subject of homophlle rights. He has since spo­ taking reams of notes from the speeches and cornering va^ous ken In smaller meetings held by the New York League. speakers and DOB representatives for statements. The TIMES report (appearing In the widely read Sunday edition, June 21) NAOMI JACOB, English novelist with over 50 books to her played up the fact that some of our speakers disagreed with cred it, died on August 27 at the age of 80. Miss Jacob was "the prevailing medical view that homosexuality Is a d is­ renowned for her collar-and-tle appearance and her shingled ease " Thus In a 5 Inch, single column item tucked away on hair. I Just find men's clothes are more practical and more a back page, the TIMES made a rare departure from its u s ^ l economical,' she declared. Her book ME - AND THE SV/ANS was touting of the disease and/or social menace theories. (In a reviewed by Gene Damon In the May 1964 LADDER. coming issue, THE UDDER will discuss the articles published by the NEV/ YORK TIMES on the subject of homosexuality.) Jui’lsts from 54 countries attended the ninth INTER­ The most disappointing postscript to our convention concerns NATIONAL CONGRESS ON PENAL LAW In The Hague la s t August. The a TV panel discussion of lesbianism which was to have been Influ ential group adopted a resolution which said that homo­ broadcast on convention eve. Del Martin. DOB Treasurer and sexual behavior between consenting adults should not be pro­ another DOB member were to have appeared on Hew York s popu­ hibited by criminal law. la r LES CRANE SH0Vf+ The show was ordered cancelled by the legal department of V/ABC-TV, with no reason given. Woodland Park Zoo In Seattle has been In an uproar over BOBO And finally, the strangest postscript to the DOB convention. Its prize gorilla. Bobo is handsome and healthy and suppos-’ The most iL ccu rate and oblique press notice came from Doro­ heyday of the flesh. Yet he won’ t look at his thy Kllgallen, who wrote In her widely syndicated column for flirtatious bride F lfi, who would consent willingly to her the following Monday: "There are conventions over t o ^ , prescribed ro le. Aphrodisiacs and even pornographic movies as the newspapers have duly reported, but have been seriously suggested for Robo by his well-wishers, the one held over the weekend at a very proper East Side ho ddly enough, down at the zoo In San Francisco, keepers were tel. It was a conclave of ladles wlp crew cuts. Her com­ ment was obviously not based on fi^^^-hand observation. But I f Miss K llgallen looked for us on the East Side, that must be why she never showed up. Better luck next time, such a movement should seek sympathy (though not increase) for homosexuality. Asked for a final word on the subject. Dr. Nelken told the story of the l i t t l e old lady at Oscar Wilde’ s tr ia l who vjhlspered to her neighbor: "Oh dear, I don't care what they do as long as they don't do i t In the streets and scare the horses!" In my opinion the September Issue of THE LADDER Is the best - P. C., California of 1961+ so far. It has more Intellectual content and vigor. I prefer the photographic covers to the art-work ones, since the slick cover lends a more sophisticated feature to the magazine. Perhaps art-work should be confined to the In ter­ I must offer you a pat on the back for turning out THE LAD­ ior pages. It would be good to have Illustrations for some DER, one of the finest maetzlnes I've seen in a long time. of the original fictio n . Both the creative and expository material are excellent, and consistently so. All concerned may well be proud! It requires great Ingenuity to overcome the Incompatibility of Imaginative art and fiction, and the more prosaic analyti­ - C. S. New Mexico cal and non-flctlon sections. It Is similar to making a suc­ cessful transition from “Die Walküre" to the "Goldberg Vari­ ation s." I t can be done, certain ly, as I t has been done In the large commercial magazines - but s t i l l , one can never To the San Francisco Chapter of Daughters of B ll lt ls : answer easily the question of professional-appearing journal versus popular magazine. I note that no fic tio n appears in I was most happy to receive your check for $90 covering the the September issue, and certainly this Issue seems the best award which was made to me from the Blanche M, Baker Memorial constructed. Now the next problem w ill be to add the dimen­ Scholarship Fund by the San Francisco Chapter of Daughters of sion of fictional material and art-work without losing the B l l l t l s , Inc, This sum w ill be used towards my tuition and consistency and content of the September Issue. books this semester at San Francisco State College, I was Interested In "The Church and the Homosexual," and I I was pleasantly surprised, and not surprisingly, pleased to would be Interested In the LAVENDER LEXICON mentioned as learn that I was the recipient of your scholarship. I am in having been distributed at the conference, since I have d if­ hopes that some day I shall be In a position to contribute to ficulty following what seems to be purely urban Jargon, I your scholarship fund, thus expressing my gratitude to your have had no contact with many terms and phrases employed In organization for this service you have given me and enabling the fictio n al m aterial. I t might be well to publish a glos­ others like myself to continue their education. sary of terms In your magazine, I could not quite follow the Interesting scintillations In Paula Christian’s "Optical I l­ I t would be considered a great honor by me I f lusion' appearing in the February Issue, because of a lack of send a news release to the "Golden Gator stating that I ^d local vocabulary, received your award. My husband, Ron, and I were delighted with the three copies of your magazine. THE LADDER, which I sympathize with G, van B. of Indonesia, who wrote In your were enclosed with your check. Vie are very June Issue: "It is so very much in our Iso la tio n ." in vour organization and we plan to attend a Wednesday night open house soon. Meanwhile, we are publicizing your organi­ - M. W., Pennsylvania zation and Its scholarship fund among our friends. Thank you for the honor you have accorded me In selecting me as the recipient of your scholarship. I don t think the b rief report of DOCTORS' NEWS CONFERENCE (page Z2 of the October LADDER) did fu ll Ju stice to Dr, Sam - Elizabeth B. Goodman Nelken s quietly penetrating contribution. Dr. Nelken, a psychiatrist, objected to the injustice of linking promlscu- ity and crime to homosexuals. He suggested that homosexuals Editor's note: DOB is now raising funds for scho^ could be helped to feel happier by inducting heterosexuals to arshin awards The total fund each year is allotted in eq^l stop persecuting them. When asked whether he knew of any parts to the DOB chapters, which receive the homosexuals who were not emotionally disturbed, he replied: Lholarships and select recipients for the available awards. Being a psychiatrist, I wouldn't be particularly likely to," The larger^the to ta l fund, the larger the Individual awards nd when others on the panel spoke disparagingly of a "homo­ can be. Donations are welcome! Please send to : Blanche M, sexual lobby. Dr, Nelken asked "Why not?" He indicated that Baker Memorial Scholarship Fund, in care of DOB headquarters. 2‘i- 25 1

THE LADDER (Sept.) Is very serious this time - almost has a scholarly stink, which Is flnejwlth me. Lots of solid stuff! d a u g h t e r s of BILITIS incorporated - L. V ., Washington, D. C. + + + + + + + + MEMBERSHtPLicuRCPCHIP m in DauehtersDaugh ers of Bilitis is limited to women Chicago 21 I congratulate you for your review of LAW, LIBERTY, AND PSY­ inquHy X - conce Otherwise wnte to Na­ CHIATRY. The following incident illustrates the author's claim that psychiatric power is employed by the state. tional Office in San Francisco for a membership application orm. Earlier this year, CORE leader Herbert Callender tried to ar­ rest Robert F, Wagner, Mayor of New York City. Callender's t h e l a d d e r is a monthly magazine published by f action was based on the law that allows a citizen to make a Bilitis, Inc., mailed in a plain sealed envelope for $4.00 ye . ''citizen 's a r r e s t." He contended that Wagner was guilty of a Anyone over 21 may subscribe to The Ladder. felony: Misappropriating public funds by permitting racial discrimination on city construction jobs. Callender was ar­ rested for disorderly conduct and taken to Bellevue Hospital for "mental observation." He was released In time to face a CONTR'BUnONS-^e»»,^^ court hearing. lntir“eT o n volunteer labor. While ^ X te ^ t^ i^ ^ ^ ^ ^ This minority leader made a reasoned and dramatic gesture of of Daughters of Bilitis, many have expressed interest protest. Why wasn't he Jailed to await his hearing? The use to ts and h T v e made contributions to further our work. by officials of psychiatric power against a detained man cast a slur on his mentality and on his action group. Social de­ viance was thereby punished In a mental hospital even before NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS and San Francisco Chapter: 1232 court action. Popular acclaim of the labels "disturbed" and Market St., Suite 108, San Francisco 2, California. "sick" for social deviants lends support to sinister govern­ ment "observation" of mentality. Homophiles take heed! New York Chapter; kkl West 28th St., - B. A ., New Yort New York 1, N. Y.

Chicago Chapter: p. 0. Box I thought the write-up on homosexuality In LIFE Magazine was Chicago, 111* clever. The pictures and headings were excellent for getting the attention of the biased person who. I f he or she read the a r tic le , was exposed to some sane and objective m aterial.

- R. B. W., Pennsylvania DAUGHTERS OF BILITIS, INC 1232 Market Street, Suite 108, San Francisco 2, California.

I have ju st seen your September 196U Issue of THE LADDER and Please send I am convinced that your magazine is now becoming one of the envelope to the address below. I enclose $------leading homophile journals. The quality of your material Is unsurpassed. Ann Aldrich can gripe no longer. for each year ordered.

I was especially pleased by the photograph "September Sea" on NAME. the front cover. Scenes like this will do more than many words to convince both homosexuals and non-homosexuals that homosexual people are actually human. address. _ZONE__ STATE. THE LADDER Is full Of hope and new faith for the homophile CITY. movement. I am oon 21 y««* <>/ “** (^««>«‘0. - W. D. A., Washington, D. C. s H E G 0 E S F 0 R I T !

She goes to a bookstore near her university to buy THE LADDER. Our magazine rates a place in quality bookstores around the country! Single-copy price will stay 50i even after the subscription rate in­ crease (from to $5 a year) goes into effect on Jan. 1st. Whether YOU subscribe or buy your copy each month, why not get a Christmas gift subscrip­ tion for a friend or for a professional person who would be interested in what our magazine has to say? For order blank, see inside this back cover. T H E LADDER-a unique gift, a unique magazine!