PAGE lb-APRIL 1957-SOUTHERN SCHOOL NEWS Bills to Promote Segregation Make Progress in Legislature · d 1 · 1 t " sh ld esign He charged Chw·ches has been promoting Int....._ AUSTIN, Texas HB 231, by Miss Virginia Duff, a hearings was ~en up ~Y ~bites an eglS a ors f ou e ration ·are "playing tion. ""511• ILLS INTENDED TO PROMOTE seg- pupil assignment plan. Negroes. opposmg the legtSlation.H ll E ~dtvo:te~;d S:fc!mmunists ..."and B ti d . H B 232 by Miss Duff. exempting chil- Speaking for the program was a · tn o e s . . h · 'VIOLATES OWN CODE' rega on rna e progress m the dre fro , ulso tt d e t ~~- Tun'anus of Houston head of the legal displaying ''Jack of patriotism, ypocnsy Said Antoine, a political new,._,,_ T 1 'sl tur hi h d ed n m comp ry a en anc a ... ' 'd't " w •...,.. exas egt a e w c a opt tegrated schools. committee which drafted the bills. "The and stup1 1 Y·. . ti t "The Council of Churches is 8\lllty 1 finally a resolution urging th e HB 233, by Rep. Ben Ferrell of Tyler, constitution does not require inte~a- Several. leg~~lators to:Sk excep on ° being the first to violate their a;! states to resist federal encroach- requiring school boards to assign pupils tion," said Timanus. "It merely forbids the archb~hop s rem: F S Seeligson code of ethics, using political chi~ /. ment on their authority. Some to segregated schools each September segrega~on. P: d~al ~ool system£ may fOSnc oAnf t cs~ washo c:~ted ~gainst the to secretly nail down the candidate · h hm . . . . until assigned to schools on factors other be retained if discrunmatory eatures 0 an omo! w to his views on segregation and~- c urc en crttictzed the legisla- th are removed." bill to bar pubhc employes from mem- United Nations so it might be qui r tion. (See " L egislative Action.") an race. An opposing view came from the Rev. bcrship in the NAA<;!P. . . passed on to the proper sources. . State Dist. J udge O tis T . D una- WITHHOLD FUNDS Foy Valentine of Dallas, representing "I !eel that. I am ;n the best. position "It is the duty of lhe church to pro. gan set for trial on April 15 the HB 234, by Rep. Amos Marlin oi Paris, the Texas Baptist General Convention: to say how d1sappomted 1 am. m Ar~- mote peace and good will among men 9 t t • 1't f . . withholding payment of state school aid "These bills impress me as being racist bishop Lucey's statements," sa•d See •g- and not mess in politics." .~ st. a e s su. tor a per.man.ent IDJUOC- funds for pupils 1'ntegrated without ap- in natul·e, designed to stir up people son. Th R M T Bank f B r t c ev. . . s o eawno•' ton agams oper a t IOn m T exas o f proval at a local option election. instead of help them." "Apparently it was perf ect1 Y correc lone Negro candidate in the race, ~..,ld t t h e National Association for the HB 235, by Rep. Abe Mays J r. of Valentine presented a resolution by for thl' NAACP to offer resistance to the h ·r t d t th s le h t t at 1 c 1ec c o e cnn e will 8!11 A d vancement of Colored P eople. Atlanta, providing for the state to pay the Baptist convention favoring compli- Constitution of the b Y a - P•·esident Eisenhower to USe fedel'1} (See " L egal A ction .") tuition, equal t<> the cost of educating ance with the U. S. Supreme Court de- tempting to change the ~eparate ~ut troops lo enforce integration. · ·bl' h Is to non sectar clS· ··ons. equal school doctrine. But tt ts rebellion More t han 20 candidates sought a child m pu •c sc 00 • - - ian private schools where seg~·egated against the Constitution and tyranny victory in the April 2 e lection of a public schools are unavailable. OTHER SPEAKERS for the citizens of East Texas, or any- new U.S. senator from T exas. O ne HB 236, by Sadler, directing the Texas Others speaking against one or more body else. to try to solve the probleT?, candidate charged that the T exas attorney general to defend lawsuits of the bills were Nelson Pryor Patter- of integration as they see fit by delay. Council of Churches-pro-integra- against local schools where integration son of , minister of the AI- Rep. Jerry Sadler of Percilla said of IJ is demanded. rican Methodist Episcopal Church; the the Archbishop's remarks: I tion-ha d injected "political chi- HB 237, by Huffman, providing a Rt. Rev. James M. &yle, representing "I nev('r pay attention to crackpots, canery" into the campaign on the transfer and appeals procedure for chil- Roman Catholic Archbishop Robert E. so I'm not ~oin~ to resign." E1g. hleen JUmor. . and sen1or. h'gb1 school :.1.~1 race question. (See "Political Ac- dren seeking to avoid attending inte- Lucey of San Antonio; Marvin Vexler The Texas Convention of Christian Negro students at Anson will be trans. tivity.") grated schools. of San Antonio, B'nai B'rith Anti-Defa- Churches, meeting in Dallas, adopted a ferred to a Negro high school in Abibt, S be mation League. resolution "opposing all legislation 23 miles away. starting next fall. Tbt 'I'! egregation came an issue in ASSIGNMENT REVIEW BOARD Also, Leslie J. White of Austin, secre-. which would either directly or indirectly students have been attending a 5egrt. ~ several races for school district HB 238, by Huffman, creating a J oint tary of the Negro teachers state associa- evade the inte~ration issue." gated school with elementary pupils, trustees, also to be held in April Legislative Committee on School Assign- tion; Maco Stewart J r. of Galveston, The group said some bills pending in Anson had 819 white and 56 Nflh 1 (See "School Boards and School- ments to review appeals from local University of Texas law student repre- the Texas legislature "involving racial scholastics, according to the 1956-~ ~ men.") board decisions on integration requests. senting Young Democratic Clubs of integration ... are in flagrant viola- count. HB 239, by Rep. Joe N. Chapman of Texas; J. P. Darrouzet, Austin attorney; tion of the Supreme Court decision on In D;:~llas, a Young Democratic Club The first Negro basketball play- Sulphur Springs, declaring state policy Robert C. Eckhardt of Houston, lawyer segregation." Specifically mentioned was petitioned the school board to integrate er in a T exas Interscholastic to protect the public against racial ten- HB 32 which would bar NAACP mem- students in September and certaia L eague championship tournament sions and requiring registration of all hers fr·om state and local government other activities "immediately." A mem. ~ starred for P ecos H igh School. persons and groups whose main activity employment. her of the County Democratic ExecuU ~ concerns race relations. Committee claimed the Dallas Yolllf .1 (See "Miscellaneous.") Two other bills on segregation also BI-RACIAL MEETINGS ASKED Anson, in West Texas, arranged to have been introduced in the Texas legis­ Democrats lacked official sanction. .,. transfer to an Abilene high school next lature. Another resolution approved called Dr. Edwin L. Rippy, president of I ' for Christian churches to include Ne­ year 18 Negro students. (See "School HB 708, by Rep. Herman V. Puckett school board, told Miss Paula Weaver. groes in leadership h·aining schools, in­ Boards and Schoolmen.") of Quitman, would make the barratry act club president, that "we have been com. • Trial of a lawsuit to integrate Houston apply more specifically to solicitation of stitutes and conventions. plying for the last two or three yeart ~ public schools was set for May 20. (See applicants for school integration. A bill and a constitutional amendment with the decision as we interpret IL'\ 1 "Legal Action.") for Texas to build schools with state Dallas has had surveys under way Cll LOCAL TRUSTEE POWERS funds have been introduced by Rep. problems of integration. Truett Latimer of Abilene. Since many The Dallas Young Democrats had HB 831, by Rep. Alonzo W. Jamison local districts are having trouble pay­ dorsed the NAACP last October af :11 Jr. of Denton and Louis Dugas Jr. of ing for adequate schools, state aid was Orange, would permit local trustees to the organization was outlawed by a dil- f suggested as the alternative to federal trict court in Tyler. u order integration without elections. It aid. also provides for pupil assignment and The club recommended that bi-ra · I for appeal to the state courts. Latimer seeks to set up a $200,000,000 meetings of parents be started and 1~ fund lo build schools which would be community understanding be develoPIIfl II Without discussion, the Texas Senate First pro-segregation bill to come be­ fore either house in the Texas legisla­ leased to local districts. through speakers' bureaus and in o adopted finally a resolution by Rep. Ben Local districts have been spending ways. Atwell of Dallas calling upon states to ture this session was Huffman's HB 32 aimed at prohibiting public employes about $45,000,000 a year on buildings. use every legal and honorable means of Texas Education Agency estimates AUTHORITY DlSCLAll\fED resisting federal encroachment on their from belonging to the NAACP. It received a 75 to 49 vote for final that $525,982,345 will be spent on public Manuel DeBusk, attorney and authority. (SoUTHERN SCHOOL NEWs tary to the Dallas County Exec March 1957). ' passage in the Texas House of Repre­ education this school year - excluding sentatives. colleges. This would be $285,168,045 Committee, retorted that Miss Wea After being held up by the biennial REP. R. R. HUFFMAN stale funds, $227,303,300 district, $12,961,- group had no official standing. He budget bill, proposed laws aimed at pre­ Rep. Bob Mullen of Alice, in south Sponsors Three Bills 000 federal, and $550,000 county funds. the national Young Democrats had serving segregation made progress in the Texas, opposed the bill saying it is "an The total will be $60,000,000 a year proved a rival Texas o1·ganization. Texas House of Representatives. They invitation for the federals to move for­ will go next to the Senate. ward with civil rights legislation." for Texas State CIO Council; Trent higher by 1958 because of increased en­ Some active segregation tickets w Cheyney, representing Bexar County rollment, the agency estimates. seeking election t<> local school The first to be approved, HB 32 by Mullen predicted that the bill will be declared unconstitutional in court if it Young Democrats; the Rev. Das Kelley in April elections. Three names Rep. Reagan R. Huffman of Nacogdoches, filed by the Beaumont Taxpayers would bar any member of the National becomes law. Barnett, teacher at Episcopal Theological Seminary in Austin. Segregation. 1! Association for Advancement of Colored Like other authors of segregation bills, Rep. Huffman comes from East Texas. Also, Blake Smith of Austin, pastor of In Nacogdoches, another East T-~ People from employment in state or local town, a Negro filling station opera government jobs, including teaching. It His county, Harrison, is predominantly the University Baptist Church; Claus H. Dist. J udge Otis T. Dunagan of Tyler filed for school trustee. would call for expulsion of any employe Negro. Huffman contended that race re­ Rohlfs of San Antonio, representing has set for trial April 15 the state's belonging to the NAACP 30 days after lations remain peaceful so long as the Southwest Texas Conference of Meth­ request for permanent injunction the law took effect. Employers who NAACP does not "agitate." odist Churches; Mrs. Maxine E. Lom­ against the NAACP. (Sto.te of Texas v. failed to comply with the law could be bard, an Austin Negro mother; and W. NAACP. See SSN, October, 1956) fined. UPSHUR INCIDENT Astor Kirk of Austin, professor at Hus­ The organization has been under a Huffman tald of an incident in Up­ ton-Tillotson College. temporary injunction since Sept. 21, OTHER BILLS shur County a few months ago. 1956, on application of former Atty. Gen. The following bills also were making "NAACP imposed on a Negro preacher BASED ON BROTHERHOOD John Ben Shepperd. The state contends headway in the Texas House of Repre­ -they work on Negro preachers and Opponents argued mainly that the the NAACP violated Texas law by mak­ Mrs. Autherine Lucy Foster, whoseef. 1 sentatives: some white preachers," said the East segregation bills violate principles of ing money on a non-profit charter, by fort to attend the University of Alabama"­ HB 65, by Rep. Jerry Sadler of Per­ Tex.an. "The Negro preacher started or­ Christian brotherhood; will promote soliciting litigation on integration suits last year led to campus rioting, said 1 cilia, and others, requiring local dis­ ganizing for NAACP. rather than remove race discord; and and in other ways. Tyler that she intends to enter the Uli· j( tricts to maintain a dual school system "In less than 24 hours the white citi­ would violate civil liberties. The biggest Judge Dunagan rejected NAACP's versity of Texas in September. She 'trill until abolished by local option election. zens of the county had organized a white criticism concerned HB 32 and HB 239 motion to move the trial from Tyler to study library science. Her husband, I More than 100 districts have started in­ Citizens Council with 3,500 members." bills which were not aimed primarily at Dallas or Austin. Baptist minister, will work on a doctor tegration through board decision only. Huffman contended that "if there's no the school integration problem. U.S. Dist. Judge Ben Connally set for of philosophy degree at a Forth Wort NAACP in Texas there will be no white A resolution expressing objection to hearing May 20 the application oi two seminary. ~ Citizens Council." the bills was sent by Miss Ruth Ellinger Negro students to enroll in white pub­ Negroes now attend the University l Two amendments by Rep. A. R. of Dallas on behalf of the Americans for lic schools oi Houston (Benjamin et al Texas at all levels. A university spoktso - Oklahoma Schwa1iz of Galveston were stl'icken on Democratic Action. It u rged legislators 11. Hottston Independent School Dis­ man said Mrs. Foste•.. s admittaDcf'!1 11 (Continued From Page 10) parliamentary points. Both aimed at au­ to withhold support of any bills which trict). would depend on whether she mectstbi , thorizing removal of members of organi­ would "evade proper constitutional Houston is the largest segr·egated legal requirements. Fletcher McCoin, its e•·stwhile teachers. zations listed as subversive, rather than processes." school system in the nation. A studv Meanwhile, tr·ustees of Bishop CoUegel Cates said the rest of the Hollis school NAACP members. Committee members asked many committee has indicated that it wlll a 76-year-old Baptist college for Ne· system is fully staffed. Rep. Bob Mullen of Alice asked if questions about bow the spokesmen for come up with with "some method of groes: announced plans to move it frolll When the Hollis system was inte­ Huffman's bill would "have any effect churches, labor unions and other organi­ compliance with the Supreme Court Marshall to Dallas within two years. grated at the junior and senior high on elected officials who may be mem­ zations determined sentiment among ruling" by May 1. Dr. E1'1lest C. Estell of Dallas, chair· 1 school level two years ago, five of the bers of the NAACP." their members on segregation questions. man of the executive committee, said secondary level students at Booker T. "I think it would and should apply Most churchmen answered that no ef­ the move would follow the trend of Nt­ Washington enrolled in the previously to legislators," Huffman replied. fort was made to find out how the mem­ groes moving to urban centers. white schools. The others went to sur­ bers stand. a four-year senior college, has rounding districts. At present, according RESULT ARGUED a junior· college branch in Dallas for to the superintendent, only three of the Opponent Mullen argued that "this PREACHERS DIFFER years. five are in the Hollis school system. bill and others are going to put a lot Rep. Ben Ferrell of Tyler, a Baptist Dr. Hodge, the sblte superintendent of more pressure behind" federal civil told witness Valentine Irom Dallas that Twenty-one Democmts and two Re­ public instruction, said he has heard of rights legislation, aimed at curbing state he noticed a great difference of opinion no other instance of a school district publicans were running for the U. S. authority in race relations. Huffman among Baptist preachers on the subject. Senate in a statewide election set for planning to extend its integration pro­ said, "I think you're wrong." Leslie White, secretary of a Texas April 2. The winner will succeed Wil­ gram in the Hollis manner. He said he Five or six members on voice votes Sports writers noted the presenet: Negro teacher group, said that "a mi­ linm Blakley of Dallas, temporary sen­ the first N('gro player in history at will check with his field men on this in the 21-member Slate Affairs Com­ nority" of ils 8,000 members belong to point when they come in for a staff ntor followin~ the resi~mation of Pr·ice ~talc hnskethall clwmpion~hip touJili• mittee opposed the segregation bills, the NAACP. But he said that Negro Daniel to become Texas governor. meeting early in April. Also, he indi­ most of which were recommended by a teachers generally believe a law to pro­ nwnt of T<'xas Intcr~cholastic Lcagut tJ Se~rc~ation w;:~s no i!'suc in the <·allr­ I1·a tBubba) Ephnam was the star cated, he will try to determine through Statewide Advisory Committee on Seg­ hibit them from belonging to the paign. them whether any of the 44 Negro high regation appointed by former Gov. Al­ NAACP or a similar organization is un­ lhe Pecos lli~h team, which was runntt· schools still in operation will be lan Shivers. The opponents came from IIer·bcrt J. Antoine a Republican up in Class AAA to Smiley High. e'! justified. criticized a request b~ Texas Council abandoned for 1957-58. He pointed out districts where integration has started Archbishop Robert E. L ucey of San John Ben Shepperd, former attol'll lt of Churches Ior all candidates to en­ general of Texas, told a group of stl , superintendents in any districts which in p ublic schools or colleges, or both. Antonio, spiritual head of Texas Roman 10 1 might take that action will have to act Some members favoring the bills come dorse a code of ethics. The candidate said legislators why he had v~lunteered ~ Catholics, sharply criticized legislators the code was "nothing but a front to soon because of an approaching dead­ from districts where there has been in­ supporting the segregation bills. Arch­ defend citizens in the Clinkln, T~ It cover u~" the organization's attempt to line for notifying teachers U their con­ tegration and others from all-segregated bishop Lucey has long advocated racinl segregation case: bor· ~ tracts are not to be renewed. districts. integration. get cand1datcs on record concerning the "The Clinton case is the greatesto # # # Most of the time at the committee U. S. Supreme Court's decisions on ra­ lion in th" history of U.S. jusli~e.. " # The churchman said "segregationist cial integration. Texas Council of ' Tr•H fl~rr ITATf LIBRA ifY AND Stare Ue ~ qt:HIV£1 f'lry 0/vls/nn