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Mollusca: Bivalvia) from North and Northeast Brazil

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Mollusca: Bivalvia) from North and Northeast Brazil THE FAMILY GLYCYMERIDIDAE (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA) FROM NORTH AND NORTHEAST BRAZIL Sobre a família Glycymerididae (Mollusca: Bivalvia), no Norte e Nordeste do Brasill Arquivos de Ciências do Mar Valesca Paula Rocha1*, Helena Matthews-Cascon1 ABSTRACT This study aims to identify the species of the family Glycymerididae deposited at the Malacological Collection “Prof. Henry Ramos Matthews”, from Instituto de Ciências do Mar (Brazil), collected along the coasts of Alagoas, Amapá, Ceará, Maranhão and Pará states, North and Northeast of Brazil. Materials examined were dredged by the Oceanographic Expeditions GEOMAR II, GEOMAR III, Akaroa and MAR.XV, from octopus commercial fisheries and other collections off Ceará State’s coast. This study identified 3,827 shells belonging to five species: Glycymeris tellinaeformis (Reeve, 1843), G. decussata (Linnaeus, 1758), G. longior (Sowerby, 1832), G. undata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tucetona pectinata (Gmelin, 1791). The species G. tellinaeformis, G. undata and G. longior are new reports for states of North and Northeast of Brazil. Keywords: oceanographic expeditions, malacological collection, extended report. RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar as espécies da família Glycymerididae depositados na Coleção Malacológica “Prof Henry Ramos Matthews”, Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universitdade Federal do Ceará (Brasil), coletados ao longo das costas de Alagoas, Amapá, Ceará, Maranhão e Pará, regiões Norte e Nordeste. O material analisado ​​foi dragado pelas comissões oceanográficas GEOMAR II, GEOMAR III, Akaroa e MAR.XV, das pescarias do polvo e outras coletas na costa do Ceará. Este estudo identificou 3.827 conchas pertencentes a cinco espécies:Glycymeris tellinaeformis (Reeve, 1843), G. decussata (Linnaeus, 1758), G. longior (Sowerby, 1832), G. undata (Linnaeus, 1758) e Tucetona pectinata (Gmelin, 1791). As espécies G. tellinaeformis, G. undata e G. longior apresentaram novos registros para estados do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Palavras-chaves: comissão oceanográfica, coleção malacológica, extensão de registro. 1 Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Invertebrados Marinhos do Ceará (LIMCE), Rua Campus do Pici, s/n, Bloco 909, Bairro Pici, Caixa-Postal: 3001, CEP: 60440-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. * Autor correspondente. E-mail: [email protected] 64 Arq. Ciên. Mar, Fortaleza, 2014, 47(2): 64 - 71 INTRODUCTION Henry Ramos Matthews” (CMPHRM – série “A”) at the Instituto de Ciências do Mar/Universidade Mollusks are one of the major phyla of Federal do Ceará, Brazil. invertebrates, among which the classes Gastropoda These collections were gathered as supporting and Bivalvia are well represented in the marine stuff for other projects and this study came about due benthos (Díaz & Puyana, 1994). The class to a wealth of previously collected but unidentified Bivalvia includes very common animals that are material in the CMPHRM collection. economically important. GEOMAR II (1970) and GEOMAR III (1971), Bivalves known as “dog-cockles” or aimed to contribute for the guidelines in the “bittersweet clams” (Arcoidea: Glycymeridoidea: oceanographic research in Brazil. The collected Glycymerididae) have probably number fewer material was mainly used for geological analysis – than 100 species. Glycymeridids are found in most biological analysis being made later. The samples oceans but absent from the polar regions (Oliver & used in this study are from states Amapá and Pará. Holmes, 2006), being inhabitants of shallow-water, AKAROA (1965) and MAR XV (1990 to 1991) rarely present at the intertidal areas and prefer sand expeditions aimed to carry out surveys of mollusk and gravel substrata. Rios (1994; 2009) reported five species populations in Brazil. The samples used in species from the genus Glycymeris for the entire this study are from Alagoas, and Ceará/Maranhão Brazilian coast. Currently, it is known that G. pectinata States, respectively. Other collections gathered in belongs to genus Tucetona – T. pectinata (Huber, 2010). Ceará coast were meant for several kinds of study. Glycymeris have prominent umbo (orthogyrate, Species were identified using Abbott (1974), prosogyrate or rarely opisthogyrate), with porcelain Penna-Neme (1978), Rios (1994; 2009) and Amaral et al. inner shell and often heavy periostracum (Coan et (2006). Characters used for identification included shell al., 2000). Their shells are subcircular, equivalve, the form, umbo, ligament, and the surface ornamentation. outer surface with radial rays or fine lines, and the Technical terms in the descriptions came from the hinge plate have taxodont teeth and duplivincular literature used on identification andCoan et al. (2000). ligament (Penna-Neme 1978; Oliver & Holmes, 2006). The inner margin of the shell is crenulated and RESULTS AND DISCUSSION the posterior adductor muscle scar is larger than the anterior adductor muscle scar (Rios, 1994). This study identified 3,827 shells from Alagoas, Tucetona have shell subcircular to subtrigonal, Amapá, Ceará, Maranhão and Pará states (Brazil) taxodont teeth, beaks orthogyrate, radial ribs well belonging to five species. developed, hinge plate moderately curved and differs from Glycymeris, “which has low, rounded, smooth radial ribs that do not bifurcate” (e.g., Valentich-Scott & Garfinkle, 2011; Coan & Valentich-Scott, 2012). The distribution of Tucetona is cosmopolitan, but it is confined to subtropical and tropical seas (Oliver & Holmes, 2006). This study identifies the species of Glycyme rididae found on the coasts of Alagoas, Amapá, Ceará, Maranhão and Pará states (Brazil) using shell characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS Samples were obtained by dredging carried out by Oceanographic Expeditions GEOMAR II and GEOMAR III, AKAROA and MAR.XV, by collecting from inside octopus fishing pots and other collections off Ceará State’s coast (Figure 1). The samples are Figure 1 - Brazil’s map showing the states where samples were collected: deposited in the Malacological Collection “Prof. Amapá (AP), Pará (PA), Maranhão (MA), Ceará (CE) and Alagoas (AL). Arq. Ciên. Mar, Fortaleza, 2014, 47(2): 64 - 71 65 Glycymeris undata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figure 2-A) 02º53’00”N / 48º17’00”W, 111 m, GEOMAR II, 2 shells), CMPHRM 3098A (Amapá: 03º37’00”N / Glycymeris undata has opisthogyrate umbo 50º01’00”W, 72 m, GEOMAR III, 5 shells), CMPHRM that is slightly toward the center of the duplivincular 3106A (Amapá: 02°29’00”N / 48°30’00”W, 77 m, ligament. Externally the shell has several fine radial GEOMAR II, 17 shells), CMPHRM 3100A (Amapá: striae, which can give the appearance of radial ribs. 02°26’30”N / 48°10’30”S, 90 m, GEOMAR III, The inner margin is crenulated. 1 shell), CMPHRM 3097A (Pará: 00°48’30”N / This study extends the distribution of this 47°05’00”W, 44 m, GEOMAR II, 3 shells), CMPHRM species to Amapá and Pará states, North of Brazil (Table 3105A (Pará: 02°06’00”N / 47°24’00”W, 92 m, I). This range extension may reflect the fact that these GEOMAR III, 1 shell), CMPHRM 3108A (Amapá: areas have had little study. Glycymeris undata and G. 04°35’30”N / 50°21’00”W, 104 m, GEOMAR III, 3 decussata were found inside the octopus pots – traps shells), CMPHRM 3102A (Amapá: 04°39’00”N / used in octopus fishery on Ceará coast – and are food 50°53’00”W, 71 m, GEOMAR III, 3 shells), CMPHRM for Octopus vulgaris and Octopus insularis, (Matthews- 3104A (Amapá: 03°37’00”N / 50°01’00”W, 72 m, Cascon et al, 2009) which are important in the human GEOMAR III, 1 shell), CMPHRM 3103A (Amapá: economy and feeding diet. This species was reported 02º27’00”N / 47°45’00”W, 161 m, GEOMAR III, before for Northeast of Brazil (Rios, 1994, 2009). 1 shell), CMPHRM 3109A (Amapá: 04°20’00”N / Material examined: CMPHRM 3119A 50°18’00”W, 90 m, GEOMAR III, 17 shells), CMPHRM (Ceará: Paracuru, 3 shells), CMPHRM 3117A 3094A (Amapá: 04°51’00”N / 50°51’30”W, 81 m, (Ceará: 03°50’4,68’’S / 34°44’14,7’’W, 6 shells), GEOMAR III, 14 shells), CMPHRM 3101A (Amapá: CMPHRM 3115A (Alagoas: 09°53’3”S / 35°41’3”W, 02°07’00”N / 48°04’00”W, 63 m, GEOMAR III, 17 34 m, AKAROA, 1 shell), CMPHRM 3114A shells ) CMPHRM 3045A (Amapá: 04°51’00”N / (Alagoas: 09°58’2S / 035°42’7W, 50 m, AKAROA, 50°51’30”W, 81 m, GEOMAR III, 2 shells), CMPHRM 1 shell), CMPHRM 3118A (Ceará: 03°28’14,5’’S 2678A [LMDB 2668] (Ceará: Icapuí, Octopus fishery, / 35°02’4,62’’W, 6 shells), CMPHRM 3111A 9 shells) and CMPHRM 2679A [LMDB 2667] (Ceará: (Alagoas: 09°32’1S / 035°25’6W, 26 m, AKAROA, Icapuí, Octopus fishery,1 shell). 1 shell ) CMPHRM 3120A (Ceará: 02°57’34,311’’S / 38°58’46,289’’W, 4 shells), CMPHRM 3044A Glycymeris tellinaeformis (Reeve, 1843) (Fig. 2-B) [LMDB245] (Ceará: 03°35’4’’S / 38°25’5’’W, 6 shells), CMPHRM 3116A (Alagoas: 10°16’7S / 036°11’3W, 13 Shells of Glycymeris tellinaeformis are more m, AKAROA, 6 shells), CMPHRM 3110A (Alagoas: elongated than high, with the umbo slightly toward 08°56’2S / 035°02’7W, 32 m, AKAROA, 2 shells), the posterior area of the amphidetic ligament. There CMPHRM 3113A (Alagoas: 10°02’7S / 035°48’0W, are low radial ribs crossed by thin striae. The inner 36 m, AKAROA, 2 shells), CMPHRM 3112A edge is crenulated. (Alagoas: 10°05’7S / 035°52’2W, 27 m, AKAROA, This study extends the distribution of this 1 shell), CMPHRM 3095A (Amapá: 02°51’30”N / species to Amapá and Pará states, North of Brazil, 48°37’48”W, 80 m, GEOMAR II, 1 shell), CMPHRM important because the species was previously known 3096A (Amapá: 03º10’30”N / 49º00’18”W, 85 m, from Maranhão to São Paulo (Rios 1994, 2009) (Table 1). GEOMAR II, 1 shell), CMPHRM 3107A (Amapá: In a previous study on the western continental shelf of Ceará, this species is not listed (Rocha & Table I - Distribution of Glycymerididae species according to Rios (2009) and to Martins, 1998).
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