Hollywood Plan Amendment Final EIR 1

FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

Hollywood Redevelopment Plan Amendment

Prepared for: Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles

Prepared By:

February 2003

Hollywood Redevelopment Plan Amendment Final Environmental Impact Report

Prepared Under the Supervision of:

Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles

Prepared By:

Christopher A. Joseph & Associates

environmental planning and research

February 2003

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

ES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... ES-1

I. INTRODUCTION...... I-1

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... II-1 A. LOCATION ...... II-1 B. EXISTING CONDITIONS ...... II-1 C. PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS...... II-4 D. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES...... II-8 E. PROJECT OBJECTIVES ...... II-12

III. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS...... III-1 A. EFFECTS FOUND TO BE NOT SIGNIFICANT...... III.A-1 B. LAND USE...... III.B-1 C. AESTHETICS/URBAN DESIGN/LIGHT & GLARE...... III.C-1 D. CULTURAL RESOURCES...... III.D-1 E. POPULATION, HOUSING AND EMPLOYMENT...... III.E-1 F. TRANSPORTATION/CIRCULATION ...... III.F-1 G. AIR QUALITY ...... III.G-1 H. NOISE...... III.H-1 I. PUBLIC SERVICES...... III.I-1 1. Police Protection...... III.I-1 2. Fire Protection ...... III.I-7 3. Schools ...... III.I-11 4. Parks and Recreation...... III.I-20 5. Libraries...... III.I-25 J. UTILITIES ...... III.J-1 1. Water ...... III.J-1 2. Wastewater ...... III.J-8 3. Solid Waste...... III.J-15 4. Electricity ...... III.J-21 5. Natural Gas...... III.J-26 K. GEOTECHNICAL/SEISMIC...... III.K-1 L. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ...... III.L-1

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Section Page

IV. ALTERNATIVES A. INTRODUCTION ...... IV-1 B. NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE ...... IV-4 C. ENVIRONMENTALLY SUPERIOR ALTERNATIVE...... IV-18

V. UNAVOIDABLE SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS ...... V-1

VI. GROWTH INDUCING IMPACTS ...... VI-1

VII. SIGNIFICANT IRREVERSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES...... VII-1

VIII. ORGANIZATIONS/PERSONS CONTACTED...... VIII-1

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: RESPONSES TO WRITTEN COMMENTS APPENDIX B: RESPONSES TO THE PUBLIC HEARING COMMENTS

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FIGURES

Figure # Page #

Figure II-1 Regional Location...... II-2 Figure II-2 Vicinity Map...... II-3 Figure II-3 Photographs of Existing Conditions within the Adopted Redevelopment Plan Area ...... II-5 Figure II-4 Photographs of Existing Conditions within the Adopted Redevelopment Plan Area ...... II-6 Figure III.B-1 - Existing Land Uses Within the Hollywood Redevelopment Area...... III.B-3 Figure III.C-1 Existing Visual Character – Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area...... III.C-3 Figure III.C-2 Existing Visual Character – Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area...... III.C-4 Figure III.C-3 Existing Visual Character – Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area...... III.C-7 Figure III.D-1 Los Angeles Historic Cultural Monuments...... III.D-7 Figure III.F-1 Impacted Street Segments – Maxim um Possible Development Scenario...... III.F-23 Figure III.F-2 Impacted Street Segments – Moderate Development Scenario ...... III.F-24 Figure III.F-3 Impacted Street Segments – Minimum Development Scenario...... III.F-25 Figure III.F-4 Impacted Street Segments After Mitigation– Maxim um Possible Development Scenario...... III.F-36 Figure III.F-5 Impacted Street Segments After Mitigation – Moderate Development Scenario...... III.F-37 Figure III.F-6 Impacted Street Segments After Mitigation – Minimum Development Scenario ...... III.F-38 Figure III.G-1 SCAQMD Jurisdiction ...... III.G-6 Figure III.G-2 Air Monitoring Areas ...... III.G-11 Figure III.G-3 Air Quality Sensitive Receptors ...... III.G-17 Figure III.H-1 Common Noise Levels ...... III.H-3 Figure III.H-2 Roadway Segments Selected for Noise Analysis...... III.H-4 Figure III.I-1 Police and Fire Location Map...... III.I-2 Figure III.I-2 School Location Map...... III.I-12 Figure III.I-3 Parks and Recreation Centers ...... III.I-21 Figure III.I-4 Library Location Map...... III.I-27 Figure III.K-1 Regional Faults...... III.K-2 Figure III.K-2 Potential Liquefaction Areas ...... III.K-4 Figure III.K-3 Potential Landslide Areas...... III.K-6 Figure III.L-1 Project Study Areas ...... III.L-2 Figure III.L-2 Hazardous Site Locations ...... III.L-4

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TABLES

Table # Page #

Table II-1 Authorized Redevelopment Activities to May 2026 (No Project)...... II-10 Table II-2 Total Development Resulting from Alternative Development Scenarios...... II-11 Table II-3 Change in Development for Alternative Scenarios Compared to the No Project Alternative ...... II-11 Table III.B-1 Comparison of Project Characteristics to RCPG Policies...... III.B-7 Table III.B-2 Hollywood Community Plan Objectives ...... III.B-12 Table III.D-1 Significant Historic Resources in the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area...... III.D-6 Table III.E-1 Existing Total and Projected Increases in Housing, Population, and Employment ...... III.E-2 Table III.F-1 Level of Service Definitions...... III.F-4 Table III.F-2 Existing Conditions ...... III.F-6 Table III.F-3 Future Traffic Conditions - No Project Alternative ...... III.F-11 Table III.F-4 Summary of Street Segment Level of Service ...... III.F-14 Table III.F-5 Summary of Projected Peak Hour Traffic On Analysis Segments...... III.F-15 Table III.F-6 Daily Trip Generation ...... III.F-16 Table III.F-7 Project Trip Distribution ...... III.F-17 Table III.F-8 Significantly-Impacted Street Segments ...... III.F-18 Table III.F-9 Effectiveness Of Proposed Mitigation Measures ...... III.F-31 Table III.G-1 State And National Ambient Air Quality Standards...... III.G-7 Table III.G-2 1998-2000 Criteria Pollutant Violations – Los Angeles North Main Street Monitoring Station ...... III.G-10 Table III.G-3 Existing Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentrations ...... III.G-13 Table III.G-4 Air Quality Sensitive Receptors ...... III.G-18 Table III.G-5 SCAQMD Daily Emissions Thresholds ...... III.G-19 Table III.G-6 Estimated Daily Construction Emissions From Potential Development Scenarios....III.G-22 Table III.G-7 Daily Operational Emissions ...... III.G-25 Table III.G-8 Future (2026) Carbon Monoxide Concentrations at Project Area Intersections ...... III.G-27 Table III.H-1 Existing Measured Noise Levels ...... III.H-5 Table III.H-2 Community Compatibility Noise Criteria...... III.H-7 Table III.H-3 Noise Level Ranges of Typical Construction Equipment...... III.H-10 Table III.H-4 Outdoor Construction Noise Levels ...... III.H-11 Table III.H-5 Los Angeles Municipal Code Presumed Ambient Noise Levels...... III.H-11 Table III.H-6 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Impact...... III.H-14

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TABLES (Continued)

Table # Page #

Table III.H-7 Moderate Development Scenario Traffic Noise Impact ...... III.H-15 Table III.H-8 Minimum Development Scenario Traffic Noise Impact ...... III.H-16 Table III.H-9 Minimum Development Scenario Cumulative Traffic Noise Impact...... III.H-18 Table III.H-10 Moderate Development Scenario Cumulative Traffic Noise Impact ...... III.H-19 Table III.H-11 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Cumulative Traffic Noise Impact...... III.H-20 Table III.I-1 Crime Statistics ...... III.I-3 Table III.I-2 Fire Stations ...... III.I-7 Table III.I-3 Maximum Response Distance (miles)...... III.I-8 Table III.I-4 Public Schools Serving the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area...... III.I-13 Table III.I-5 Student Generation By Project Alternative...... III.I-15 Table III.I-6 Projected Park and Recreation Facility Demand...... III.I-22 Table III.I-7 Library Branch Building Standards...... III.I-25 Table III.J-1 Existing Water Consumption – Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area ...... III.J-2 Table III.J-2 No Project Scenario Water Consumption ...... III.J-4 Table III.J-3 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Water Consumption...... III.J-4 Table III.J-4 Moderate Development Scenario Water Consumption...... III.J-5 Table III.J-5 Minimum Development Scenario Water Consumption...... III.J-6 Table III.J-6 Existing Wastewater Generation...... III.J-8 Table III.J-7 No Project Scenario Wastewater Generation...... III.J-10 Table III.J-8 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Wastewater Generation...... III.J-11 Table III.J-9 Moderate Development Scenario Wastewater Generation ...... III.J-11 Table III.J-10 Minimum Development Scenario Wastewater Generation...... III.J-13 Table III.J-11 Existing Solid Waste Generation ...... III.J-16 Table III.J-12 No Project Scenario Solid Waste Generation ...... III.J-17 Table III.J-13 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Solid Waste Generation ...... III.J-18 Table III.J-14 Moderate Development Scenario Solid Waste Generation...... III.J-18 Table III.J-15 Minimum Development Scenario Solid Waste Generation ...... III.J-19 Table III.J-16 Existing Electricity Consumption ...... III.J-22 Table III.J-17 No Project Scenario Electricity Consumption ...... III.J-23 Table III.J-18 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Electricity Consumption ...... III.J-23 Table III.J-19 Moderate Development Scenario Electricity Consumption...... III.J-24 Table III.J-20 Minimum Development Scenario Electricity Consumption ...... III.J-24

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TABLES (Continued)

Table # Page #

Table III.J-21 Existing Natural Gas Consumption...... III.J-26 Table III.J-22 No Project Scenario Natural Gas Consumption...... III.J-27 Table III.J-23 Maximum Possible Development Scenario Natural Gas Consumption...... III.J-28 Table III.J-24 Moderate Development Scenario Natural Gas Consumption ...... III.J-29 Table III.J-25 Minimum Development Scenario Natural Gas Consumption...... III.J-29 Table III.L-1 ERNS Sites...... III.L-5 Table III.L-2 Toxic Release Inventory Sites...... III.L-5 Table III.L-3 Hazardous Materials Spills ...... III.L-6 Table III.L-4 Polychlorinated Biphenyls ...... III.L-6 Table III.L-5 FTTS Database Sites...... III.L-7 Table III.L-6 Spills, Leaks, Investigations, and Cleanup Cost Database...... III.L-8 Table III.L-7 Leaking Underground Storage Tanks ...... III.L-9 Table III.L-8 Underground Storage Tanks ...... III.L-11 Table III.L-9 CHMIRS Sites...... III.L-15 Table III.L-10 CORTESE Sites ...... III.L-15 Table III.L-11 Sanitary Landfills...... III.L-16 Table III.L-12 Aboveground Storage Tanks...... III.L-16 Table IV-1 Existing Development and Total Development Resulting from No Project Alternative .....IV-5 Table IV-2 No Project Scenario Traffic Noise Impact ...... IV-13 Table IV-3 Comparison of Alternatives...... IV-20

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SUMMARY

This Program Environmental Impact Report (“EIR”) has been prepared by the Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles (“CRA”, or “Agency”) to evaluate the potential environmental impacts associated with the proposed amendment (the “Plan Amendment”) to the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan (“the Redevelopment Plan”). The Hollywood Redevelopment Plan was adopted in 1986 by the City of Los Angeles under the provisions of the California Community Redevelopment Law1 to address conditions of blight within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (the “Project Area”). The CRA will continue to perform a broad range of projects, programs and other activities to redevelop the project area that are intended to continue the elimination and prevention of blight through the application of various activities, or “tools”, that are authorized by the Redevelopment Plan, including land acquisition and land assembly by negotiated sale, property disposition, relocation assistance, the construction of public improvements and facilities, the provision of new housing, planning and design, and assistance in project financing, among others. The proposed Plan Amendment would amend the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan to re-establish the ability of the Agency to use eminent domain to acquire property on which no persons lawfully reside, to provide for the continued financing of redevelopment activity through the completion of the Redevelopment Plan in 2026, to ensure that the land use designations in the Redevelopment Plan conform to the designations contained in the Hollywood Community Plan and to make other limited revisions to the text of the Redevelopment Plan.

The EIR has been prepared at the direction and under the supervision of the Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles (CRA) in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)2 and the Guidelines for Implementation of CEQA (State CEQA Guidelines)3, as amended. CRA is the Lead Agency for the EIR pursuant to CEQA.

This document has been prepared in accordance with California Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 21090. PRC Section 21090(a) requires that an EIR for a redevelopment plan shall specify the type of environmental impact report that is prepared for the redevelopment plan. In accordance with PRC Section 21090(a), this document is a Project EIR. Under PRC Section 21090(b), if the EIR for the redevelopment plan is a project EIR, all public and private activities or undertakings pursuant to, or in furtherance of, the redevelopment plan shall be deemed to be a single project.

This document is the Final EIR for the proposed project and, consistent with the requirements of Section 15132 of the State CEQA Guidelines, consists of the Draft EIR with revisions incorporated by

1 State of California, Health and Safety Code, Sections 33000 et.seq. 2 State of California Public Resources Code Section 21000 et. seq. 3 California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 14, Sections 15000 et seq.

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the Lead Agency in response to comments received on the Draft EIR, all comments received on the Draft EIR, a list of persons, organizations and public agencies commenting on the Draft EIR, the responses of the Lead Agency to comments raised in the review and consultation process, and other information added by the City as appropriate. Changes from the Draft EIR that are reflected in the Final EIR are indicated through use of an underline format for additions and a strikeout format for deletions.

A. LOCATION AND SETTING

The Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Project Area) is in the City of Los Angeles, approximately 7 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles, and includes the older portion of the Hollywood community. The Project Area is generally bounded by La Brea Avenue on the west; Serrano Avenue on the east; Franklin Avenue, the Hollywood Freeway and Hollywood Boulevard on the north; and Fountain Avenue and Santa Monica Boulevard on the south. The Project Area encompasses approximately 1,100 acres, and includes approximately 3,400 separate parcels of land.

The Project Area is developed with residential, commercial and industrial uses, along with a large number of underutilized and vacant buildings and parcels. Land uses within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area generally consist of moderate to high density urban uses, including residential, commercial and industrial uses. Commercial uses are generally concentrated along the major streets within the Project Area, which include Hollywood Boulevard, Sunset Boulevard and Santa Monica Boulevard in the east-west direction, and La Brea Avenue, Highland Avenue, Cahuenga Boulevard, Vine Street and Western Avenue in the north-south direction. Limited industrial uses consist of production studio complexes generally located on Sunset Boulevard between Gower Street and the Hollywood Freeway (U.S. 101). Residential neighborhoods throughout the remainder of the Project Area are set back from the major commercial streets. Underutilized and vacant properties throughout the Project Area include vacant land and surface parking lots; land with buildings in poor physical condition; underutilized commercial properties; and underutilized residential properties.

B. PROPOSED PROJECT

The Redevelopment Plan authorizes redevelopment activities which may be undertaken by CRA within the boundaries of the Project Area to revitalize the area by assisting or undertaking new commercial, residential and industrial development, to rehabilitate and reuse existing development, to maintain and expand residential neighborhoods, to preserve/reuse historic resources and to eliminate other conditions of blight within the Project Area.

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The proposed Plan Amendment is intended to re-establish the Agency’s ability to acquire property by eminent domain which expired in 1998, but limit that authority to only property on which no persons lawfully reside. In addition, changes in state law since the Redevelopment Plan was originally adopted permit elimination of the time limit to establish loans, advances and indebtedness. The proposed Plan Amendment includes the following components:

• Revising schedules related to the preparation of various plans and studies. • Adoption of an amended land use map to conform to the land use map of the existing Hollywood Community Plan that has been amended since the Redevelopment Plan was adopted in May 1986. • Adoption of text that allows for continuing conformance with the land use map of the Hollywood Community Plan if the Community Plan is updated and amended subsequent to the adoption of the proposed Redevelopment Plan Amendment.

C. ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS

The EIR assesses the potential environmental consequences of performing redevelopment activities after adopting the proposed Plan Amendment under three alternative land use and development scenarios (Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum). The development scenarios represent the potential physical changes that could result from the continuing application of the redevelopment tools that are available to the Agency, including the use of limited eminent domain authority if the proposed Plan Amendment is adopted. These alternative development scenarios were calculated from the potential development capacity of “candidate parcels” that presently contain specific types of land and buildings that are most likely to be affected by redevelopment actions and tools4.

The Redevelopment Plan is an adopted plan and remains effective until May, 2026. Therefore, it is likely that development of these candidate parcels would continue to occur as a result of continued Agency redevelopment activities in the Project Area that do not require eminent domain or an expanded time limit in which to establish debt, along with market forces. The resulting development would continue to occur until the expiration of the adopted Redevelopment Plan in 2026.For this reason, a projected scenario was developed to assess the potential impacts that could result regardless of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment. This scenario was defined as the No Project (i.e., No Plan

4 However, the potential development that could be associated with the implementation of the proposed Plan Amendment is not limited to the development of these candidate parcels. Rather, the projected development of these parcels was used as a basis for estimating the potential levels of development expected to occur throughout the Project Area as a result of implementing the proposed Plan Amendment. Thus the level of development projected for each of the alternative development scenarios could potentially occur at any location within the Project Area, as governed by planning, zoning and other land use regulations.

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Amendment) scenario. Total development under the No Project scenario was calculated, assuming that each of the candidate parcels would be developed to the development capacity provided by the current zoning designations that are applicable to each candidate parcel.

Projected levels of development under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios were estimated using different assumed development densities for the candidate parcels. These assumed development densities were based on the maximum densities permitted by the adopted Redevelopment Plan and on less intense development standards proposed in a draft urban design plan prepared in the early 1990s.

Table ES-1 represents the total increase in development expected within the Project Area as a result of the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios.

Table ES-1 Total Development Resulting from Alternative Development Scenarios

Alternative Commercial (sq.ft.)1 Housing Units

Maximum Possible 20,500,000 4,300 [+18,300,000] [+1,500] Moderate 12,200,000 5,500 [+10,000,000] [+2,700] Minimum 10,700,000 5,800 [+8,500,000] [+3,000]

1 Includes office, retail, restaurant and hotel uses [Net increase from existing development on candidate parcels] Source: Terry A Hayes Associates

The difference between the Proposed Project alternatives (Maximum Possible, Moderate, Minimum) and the No Project (i.e., No Plan Amendment) alternative is shown in Table ES-2.

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Table ES-2 Change in Development for Alternative Scenarios Compared to the No Project Alternative

Alternative Commercial (sq.ft.)1 Housing Units

Maximum Possible 9,400,000 -300

Moderate 1,100,000 900

Minimum -400,000 1,200

1 Includes office, retail, restaurant and hotel uses Source: Terry A Hayes Associates

The analysis of each development alternative evaluated in this EIR is based upon the differences between the Proposed Project and No Project scenarios shown in Table ES-2 above. This is appropriate because the development expected under the No Project alternative represents future development that would be expected to result from continuation of the adopted Redevelopment Plan, absent any changes to the Redevelopment Plan contained in the proposed Plan Amendment.

D. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Summary of Unavoidable Significant Environmental Impacts. Based on the analyses contained in this EIR, the Proposed Project would create net unmitigated significant environmental impacts (i.e., significant and unavoidable impacts) in the areas of: Aesthetics (view blockage, increased development density in residential areas, shadows); Transportation/circulation (impacts on 48 street segments during the AM peak hour and 51 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Maximum Possible development scenario; 7 street segments during the AM peak hour and 30 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Moderate development scenario; three CMP freeway segments and six CMP arterial street segments under the Maximum Possible development scenario; and one CMP freeway segment and one CMP arterial street segment under the Moderate development scenario); Air Quality

(NOx and PM10 during construction; CO, ROC, NOx and PM10 during operations); Noise (construction noise; traffic noise on four roadway segments under the Maximum Possible development scenario); and Parks and Recreation (inadequate park facilities).

Impacts Found to Be Less than Significant. The following environmental impact or issue areas were determined to have less than significant impacts and would not require mitigation: agriculture resources; biological resources; and mineral resources.

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Areas where the Proposed Action or Alternatives Could Potentially Create Significant Environmental Impacts. Based upon the environmental characteristics of the proposed project site and surrounding areas, and the characteristics of the Proposed Project, CRA determined that implementation of the Proposed Project could have the potential to create significant environmental impacts in the following areas: Land Use; Aesthetics/Urban Design/Light & Glare; Cultural Resources; Population, Housing and Employment; Transportation/Circulation; Air Quality; Noise; Public Services; Utilities; Earth Resources; Geotechnical/Seismic; and Hazardous Materials. These issues were examined in detail in the EIR and the findings of the analysis are summarized below for each issue.

Land Use

Maximum Possible Development Land Use Compatibility Construction

Construction activities which could result from the development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario, could cause conflicts with adjacent uses during the construction period due to temporary increases in air emissions (including fugitive dust) and noise. Such construction impacts could result in temporary incompatibility between the short-term land use activity of project construction and adjacent sensitive land uses. Uses that are typically considered sensitive to noise and air pollution include residences, schools, parkland, hospitals and convalescent care facilities. These uses could experience significant impacts from construction–related air emissions and noise.

Operations

Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in incompatibilities with adjacent land uses. Under existing Community Plan land use designations, as well as changes which might result from implementation of the Maximum Possible development scenario, new commercial and industrial development along major roadway corridors could potentially occur near predominantly residential areas set back from the major roadways. In addition, increased intensity of land use could result in some parts of the Project Area. Possible sources of land use incompatibility as a result of development anticipated under the Maximum Possible development scenario could include: noise from traffic and other on-site sources, spillover parking into residential neighborhoods, odors, light and glare, pedestrian/vehicle conflicts, shade and shadow effects and handling of hazardous materials. Land use compatibility impacts associated with the Maximum Possible development scenario would be significant because land use conflicts could result from the

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operational characteristics of future development which could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Consistency With Land Use Policy and Regulation Development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario as a result of adopting the proposed Plan Amendment would be consistent with and would support implementation of policies of the Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide because it would enhance CRA’s ability to: encourage and support development and redevelopment activity in an existing developed area that is presently well-served by existing transit and transportation infrastructure; encourage and support redevelopment activity in the developed urban core of the City that does not require extension of other major infrastructure systems; promote development of a mix of urban land uses; support the development of affordable housing within the Project Area; work toward the elimination of blight and promote improvements in the standard of living of the residents of the Project Area; and improve the existing infrastructure and public services within the Project Area.

Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, increased commercial development density along parts of Hollywood and Sunset Boulevards could require re-zoning of some parcels that are currently designated for lower densities. Because such re-designations would result from a comprehensive planning process for the Project Area and would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan, potential changes in zoning that would be required to implement the Maximum Possible development scenario would not raise issues of compatibility with the pertinent provisions of the Hollywood Community Plan. Moreover, the proposed Plan Amendment includes a revised land use map and text that allows for conformance of the Redevelopment Plan with the Hollywood Community Plan at the time of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment and continuing conformance if the Community Plan is updated and amended.

Moderate Land Use Compatibility Construction activity projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario could take place adjacent to or in the vicinity of sensitive uses. Therefore, impacts resulting from development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be significant.

Under the Moderate development scenario, modest increases in commercial/industrial and residential development and development intensity are projected to occur throughout the Project Area. New development under the Moderate development scenario could result in potential land use conflicts in the same manner as could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario to the extent that new or existing commercial/industrial development were to be located near new or existing residential

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development. Land use compatibility impacts under the Moderate development scenario would be significant.

Consistency With Land Use Policy and Regulation Development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario as a result of adopting the proposed Plan Amendment would be consistent with and would support implementation of the policies of the RCPG for the same reasons as the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Under the Moderate development scenario, increased commercial development density along parts of Hollywood Boulevard could require re-designation of some parcels that are currently designated for lower commercial densities. Under this development scenario, development of live/work units would also be encouraged in some parts of the Project Area. Implementation of these land uses could result in increased intensity of residential and commercial uses that could require re-zoning of some parcels that are currently designated for lower densities. Because such re-designations would result from a comprehensive planning process for the Project Area and would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan, potential changes in zoning that would be required to implement the Moderate development scenario would not raise issues of compatibility with the pertinent provisions of the Hollywood Community Plan. Moreover, the proposed Plan Amendment includes a revised land use map and text that allows for conformance of the Redevelopment Plan with the Hollywood Community Plan at the time of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment and continuing conformance if the Community Plan is updated and amended.

Minimum Land Use Compatibility Construction activity projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario could take place adjacent to or in the vicinity of sensitive uses. Therefore, impacts resulting from development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario impacts and would be significant.

Under the Minimum development scenario, increased emphasis on residential development, along with modest increases in commercial/industrial development, is projected to occur within the Project Area. New development under the Minimum development scenario could result in similar potential land use conflicts as could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenarioto the extent that new or existing residential development were to be located near new or existing commercial/industrial development. Land use compatibility impacts under the Minimum development scenario would be significant.

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Consistency With Land Use Policy and Regulation Development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario as a result of adopting the proposed Plan Amendment would be consistent with and would support implementation of the policies of the RCPG for the same reasons as the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Under the Minimum development scenario, development of medium to high density residential areas would be encouraged in some parts of the Project Area. Implementation of these land uses could result in increased intensity of residential uses that could require re-zoning of some parcels that are currently designated for lower densities. Because such re-designations would result from a comprehensive planning process for the Project Area and would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan as discussed above, potential changes in zoning that would be required to implement the Minimum development scenario would not raise issues of compatibility with the pertinent provisions of the Hollywood Community Plan. Moreover, the proposed Plan Amendment includes a revised land use map and text that allows for conformance of the Redevelopment Plan with the Hollywood Community Plan at the time of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment and continuing conformance if the Community Plan is updated and amended.

Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be applied to future projects within the Project Area to address temporary land use incompatibility during construction activities:

• All projects shall be required to implement mitigation measures related to construction noise set forth in Section III.H, Noise of this EIR.

• All projects shall be required to implement mitigation measures related to construction air quality set forth in Section III.G, Air Quality of this EIR. The following mitigation measures shall be applied to future projects within the roject Area to address land use incompatibilities during operational activities:

• All projects shall be required to implement relevant mitigation measures related to impacts on adjacent land uses set forth in Sections III.C, Aesthetics/Urban Design/Light & Glare; III.F, Transportation, III.G, Air Quality, III.H Noise and III.L, Hazardous Materials, of this EIR.

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Agency for incorporation could include landscaping, site design modifications, screening walls or traffic calming and parking restrictions on residential streets. Mitigation measures shall be designed to achieve the following, as appropriate: reduce noise levels to the acceptable levels set forth in the community compatibility noise guidelines of the General Plan; eliminate light spillover onto residential properties; eliminate parking spillover into residential areas; eliminate sources of glare that reflect into residential areas; eliminate sources of odor generation that affect adjacent residential uses; eliminate excessive shading of residential properties; minimize risks to adjacent residential properties resulting from the handling of hazardous materials. Any screening or physical design measures identified by the Agency to be necessary to mitigate land use incompatibilities shall be included as Conditions of Approval for the project.

Because no impacts related to land use plans and policies were identified to result from the Proposed Project, no mitigation measures are required.

Level Of Significance After Mitigation Impacts of the Proposed Project related to land use incompatibility during construction would be significant and unavoidable with respect to construction noise and air emissions. Impacts of the Proposed Project related to land use compatibility as a result of operations would be less than significant with implementation of the mitigation measures outlined above. No impacts related to inconsistency with established land use plans and policies would result from the Proposed Project.

Aesthetics/Urban Design/Light & Glare

Maximum Possible Development Scenic Highways Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could have the effect of increasing development density and filling in portions of the street wall that are presently undeveloped along the segments of Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard that are designated as scenic highways. Since the visual environment along these roadways is presently characterized by similar development, no substantial change in the existing environment would occur and impacts would be less than significant.

Scenic Views and Vistas Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could have the effect of reinforcing the existing urban character of the Project Area, which is the predominant visual feature from the east-west streets within the Project Area. Impacts related to scenic views within the Project Area would be less than significant.

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Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario in some areas could block existing views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from east-west streets. Development under the Maximum Possible development scenario would have less effect on views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from north- south streets. Blockage of views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from the east-west roadways would be a significant impact.

Presently views of the Los Angeles Basin and, depending upon weather conditions, potentially to the Pacific Ocean are available from most areas within the Hollywood Hills. Views of the basin generally encompass urban development. The character of these panoramic views that include the Project Area would not substantially change because such development would reinforce the existing urban character of the Project Area and would not affect a large field of view since most development would be on individual parcels rather than large assembled blocks. Views that extend to the Pacific Ocean are from the highest elevations of the Hollywood Hills and would not be affected because such development would not likely be of sufficient height to substantially block views from such elevations, and would not, even if it were of sufficient height to extend into view lines from the highest elevations of the Hollywood Hills, affect a large field of view. Impacts related to views from the Hollywood Hills would be less than significant.

Significant Physical Features and Landforms Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in blockage of existing views of the Hollywood Hills from within the Project Area. Blockage of such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets in the Project Area, would be a significant impact.

Visual Character and Scale Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario would generally have the effect of increasing the development density within the Project Area. Along the most densely developed corridors at present (Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard), construction of new buildings would reinforce the character of urban development that presently defines the visual environment and would thus be less than significant.

Along the other commercial streets located within the Project Area (Santa Monica Boulevard, Western Avenue, Vine Street, Cahuenga Boulevard, Highland Avenue, Vermont Avenue), the effects of new development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario would likely be more pronounced. Since the existing visual environment within the commercial streets in the Project Area is presently characterized by the same kind of urban development, such changes would not be widely noticeable and impacts would be less than significant.

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Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in increased density of residential development within neighborhoods. Since existing development density is relatively low in these some of areas, this increase could be noticeable. The change in the visual environment that would result from increased development density in residential areas would be a significant impact.

Open Space Since no substantial open space resources presently exist within the Project Area, impacts related to open space within the Project Area would be less than significant. Views of open space areas outside the Project Area, including the Santa Monica Mountains and Griffith Park, could potentially be blocked by new buildings. Blockage of such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east- west streets within the Project Area, would be a significant impact.

Shadow Impacts Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in the construction of new buildings with increased height and mass that could cast shadows over a broader area than is presently affected. These shadows could potentially affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential shadow impacts resulting from new development under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be significant.

Lighting and Glare Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could introduce new sources of lighting within the Project Area. Such lighting sources could potentially spill over into residential areas and other sensitive uses. These potential impacts would be significant.

Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could introduce new sources of glare within the Project Area. Potential sources of glare resulting from new buildings and signs could adversely affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential sources of glare associated with automobile traffic would continue to be transitory and would not significantly affect residential or other sensitive uses. Impacts associated with glare generation from buildings and signs would be significant.

Moderate Scenic Highways Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could have a similar effect of increasing development density and filling in portions of the Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset

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Boulevard street wall that are presently undeveloped to the Maximum Possible development scenario. Impacts would be less than significant.

Significant Vistas Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could have the effect of reinforcing the existing urban character of the Project Area and would be controlled in a similar manner to the Maximum Possible development scenario. Impacts related to scenic views within the Project Area would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario in some areas could block existing views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from east-west streets, in a similar manner as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Blockage of views of the Hollywood sign from the east-west roadways would be a significant impact.

The character of panoramic views from the Hollywood Hills that include the Project Area would not substantially change as a result of development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario. Impacts related to views from the Hollywood Hills would be less than significant under the Moderate development scenario.

Significant Physical Features and Landforms Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could result in blockage of existing views of the Hollywood Hills from within the Project Area. Blockage of such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets in the Project Area, would be a significant impact.

Visual Character and Scale Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would generally have the effect of increasing the development density within the Project Area. Since the existing visual environment within the commercial streets in the Project Area is presently characterized by the same kind of urban development, such changes would not be widely noticeable and impacts would be less than significant under the Moderate development scenario.

Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could result in increased density of residential development within residential neighborhoods. Since existing development density is relatively low in some residential areas, this increase could be noticeable. The change in the visual environment that would result from increased development density in residential areas would be a significant impact.

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Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

Shadow Impacts Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could result in the construction of new buildings with increased height and mass that could cast shadows over a broader area that could potentially affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential shadow impacts resulting from new development under the Moderate development scenario would be significant.

Lighting and Glare Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could introduce new sources of lighting within the Project Area that would be similar to those resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario. Such lighting sources could potentially spill over into residential areas and other sensitive uses. These potential impacts would be significant.

Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could introduce new sources of glare within the Project Area that would be similar to those resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario and could adversely affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential sources of glare associated with automobile traffic would be transitory and would not significantly affect residential or other sensitive uses. Impacts associated with glare generation from buildings and signs would be significant.

Minimum Scenic Highways Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could have a similar effect of increasing development density and filling in portions of the street wall on Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard. Impacts would therefore be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

Significant Vistas Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could have the effect of reinforcing the existing urban character of the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area and would be controlled in a similar manner to the Maximum Possible development scenario. Impacts related to scenic views

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within the Project Area would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario in some areas could block existing views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from east-west streets, in a similar manner as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Blockage of views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from the east-west roadways would be a significant impact.

The character of panoramic views from the Hollywood Hills that include the Project Area would not substantially change as a result of development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario. Impacts related to views from the Hollywood Hills would be less than significant under the Minimum development scenario.

Significant Physical Features and Landforms Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could result in the development of new structures of increased height and mass that could result in blockage of existing views of the Hollywood Hills from within the Project Area. Blockage of such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets in the Project Area, would be a significant impact.

Visual Character and Scale Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would generally have the effect of increasing the development density within the Project Area, similar to the effects of development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Since the existing visual environment within the commercial streets in the Project Area is presently characterized by the same kind of urban development, such changes would not be widely noticeable and impacts would be less than significant under the Minimum development scenario.

Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could result in increased density of residential development within the residential neighborhoods. Since existing development density is relatively low in some residential areas, this increase could be noticeable. The change in the visual environment that would result from increased development density in residential areas would be a significant impact.

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Shadow Impacts Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could result in the construction of new buildings with increased height and mass that could cast shadows over a broader area that could potentially affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential shadow impacts resulting from new development under the Minimum development scenario would be significant.

Lighting and Glare Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could introduce new sources of lighting within the Project Area that would be similar to those resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario. Such lighting sources could potentially spill over into residential areas and other sensitive uses. These potential impacts would be significant.

Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could introduce new sources of glare within the Project Area that would be similar to those resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario. Potential sources of glare associated with automobile traffic would be transitory and would not significantly affect residential or other sensitive uses. Impacts associated with glare generation from buildings and signs would be significant.

Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be applied to future projects within the Project Area to address significant impacts related to view blockage, increased development density in residential areas, shadow impacts and lighting and glare impacts:

View Blockage

• The Agency shall review any development project within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area that would block an existing view of the Hollywood Hills, HOLLYWOOD sign or open space areas outside the Project Area (i.e., Santa Monica Mountains, Griffith Park) and work with the project applicant to determine whether design features can be included which would preserve a portion of the available view. Such design changes could include preservation of view corridors between buildings in multi building projects, stepbacks of upper floors that allow partial preservation of existing view lines and preservation of view lines through building design such as is presently provided at Hollywood & Highland5

5 The Hollywood & Highland project included in its design a view corridor framed by project structures that preserved views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from sidewalks on Hollywood Boulevard.

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Development Density in Residential Areas

• The Agency shall review any development project within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area that would substantially increase the existing density of a residential neighborhood. The Agency shall develop design guidelines that shall be applied to such projects to reduce the visual effects. The design guidelines shall work to reduce the visual presence of new structures as viewed from existing structures through features such that would include, but not be limited to, landscaping, softening of building edges, use of compatible materials and provision of open space and setbacks, such that the new building blends with the existing visual environment in that area to the maximum extent feasible. The application of design guidelines shall reflect the existing character of the residential area in which the proposed development project is located.

Shadow Impacts

• The Agency shall require that project-specific shadow studies be prepared for proposed projects within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area that are located adjacent to residential areas or other sensitive uses. Shadow studies shall address the projected shadows that would be cast by project buildings on the days of the summer and winter solstice and shall identify significant impacts when sensitive uses are shaded for a period of three hours or more on any given day. The Agency shall work with the project applicant to determine whether design changes, such as step-back of upper floors, would be effective in reducing or eliminating identified impacts. Design changes shall be focused on minimizing the size of the shadows that are projected onto residential or other sensitive uses.

Lighting Impacts

• Lighting plans for proposed development projects located adjacent to existing residences or other sensitive uses shall be reviewed by the Agency to determine whether spillover lighting effects would occur. The Agency shall require that such projects design lighting systems to shine on-site and/or provide buffering to eliminate spillover of light onto other properties.

Glare Impacts

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Because no impacts related to scenic highways, increased development density in commercial areas or open space within the Project Area were identified to result from any of the development scenarios, no mitigation measures are required.

Level of Significance After Mitigation The mitigation measures identified above would work to reduce the potential significant effects that could result with regard to view blockage, development density in residential areas, shadow impacts and lighting impacts. However, with respect to view blockage, development density in residential areas and shadow impacts, it is not certain that feasible design changes would be available to address the project-specific impacts. Thus it could not be certain that feasible mitigation measures would be available that would reduce impacts to less than significant levels. Therefore impacts of development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios related to view blockage, development density in residential areas and shadow impacts would be significant and unavoidable.

With implementation of the mitigation measure identified above, impacts of development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios related to lighting and glare would be less than significant. Impacts related to scenic highways, increased development density in commercial areas and open space within the Project Area would be less than significant.

Cultural Resources

Maximum Possible Development Historical Resources The likelihood that any of the new development would affect historical resources is dependent upon the proximity of the proposed development to any of the 448 identified historical resources, 89 of which are located in the Hollywood Commercial and Entertainment National Register districts. Any future development project that is located on or in the proximity of any of the 448 identified historical resources located within the Project Area would have the potential to result in a significant impact to historical resources. Any future development project within the Project Area that would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource would represent a significant impact related to historical resources.

Archaeological Resources Construction activity which could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario could involve major ground disturbance such as grading or excavation. This activity would have the potential to disturb, scatter or relocate archaeological resources and would thus be potentially significant. The

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level of significance for an effect would be dependent upon the existing integrity and nature of the archaeological deposit. To the extent that such activity would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance criteria of an archaeological resource, significant impacts related to archaeological resources would occur.

Moderate Historical Resources Since development under the Moderate development scenario could occur on or near parcels within the Project Area that presently contain identified historical resources, impacts under the Moderate development scenario would be potentially significant. Any future development project within the Project Area that would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource would represent a significant impact on historical resources.

Archaeological Resources To the extent that ground disturbance activity associated with development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource, impacts related to archaeological resources under the Moderate development scenario would be significant.

Minimum Historical Resources Since development under the Minimum development scenario could occur on or near parcels within the Project Area that presently contain identified historical resources and could thus result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource, impacts under the Minimum development scenario would be potentially significant. Any future development project within the Project Area that would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource would represent a significant impact on historical resources.

Archaeological Resources To the extent that ground disturbance activity associated with development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource, impacts related to archaeological resources under the Minimum development scenario would be significant.

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Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be implemented for all future development projects within the Project Area that are located on or in proximity to parcels containing identified cultural resources:

Historical Resources

• In the event that a future development project within the Project Area is proposed on or in proximity to a site containing an historical resource identified in the survey contained in Appendix G to this EIR, the Agency shall require a study to be made by a qualified architectural historian to determine whether the proposed development project would result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of the historical resource. If the study concludes that the project would not result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of the historical resource, no further action would be required.

• If the study concludes that the project would result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of the historical resource, the issuance of any grading, foundation, demolition, building, or any other kind of permit issued by the City of Los Angeles shall be delayed for a reasonable period of time requested by the Agency, up to 180 days. During this time period, the Agency shall conduct negotiations and explore opportunities with all parties concerned to seek to avoid or mitigate any adverse impact on the historical resource. Potential modifications to the project to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts on historical resources would include, but not be limited to, design changes related to height, density, upper story step-backs, architectural features, or materials, changes in the proposed development program to include compatible uses, site plan modifications that incorporate historic structures, or sale of the property to another party. If the Agency determines that arrangements for preservation of the building or resource cannot be accomplished within the original 180 day period and further determines that such arrangements are likely to be satisfactorily completed within an additional period not to exceed 180 days, then the Agency may extend the initial period up to a maximum extension of an additional 180 days.

• In the event that arrangements for preservation of the building or resource cannot be accomplished within the time frames set forth above, then the impact shall be deemed to be a new significant environmental effect requiring major revisions of the previous EIR as it applies to the project per State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 and a Supplemental EIR shall be prepared for the project which addresses the impacts to the affected historical resource.

• Rehabilitation of architecturally or historically significant buildings shall meet the U.S. Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation. Rehabilitation of an historical resource in accordance with the Secretary’s Standards is not a significant effect under CEQA.

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Archaeological Resources

• In the event that unanticipated cultural resource remains are encountered during development or construction-related activities within the limits of the Project Area, the grading or construction activity shall be immediately halted and a Society of Professional Archaeologists-qualified archaeologist shall be contacted to assess the significance of any discovered resource before such activity is permitted to resume.

Level of Significance after Mitigation With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above, impacts to cultural resources would be less than significant.

Population, Housing and Employment

Maximum Possible Development Displacement Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, existing commercial development and residential units could be displaced as redevelopment occurs. No involuntary residential displacements would result from the Proposed Project. Potential commercial displacement would represent a significant impact.

Population/Employment Growth Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, a net population increase of 3,375 persons in the Project Area is projected, which would represent a 7.2 percent increase in the existing population in the Project Area. This increase in population growth would be within the 36.6 percent increase projected by the Southern California Association of Governments to occur by 2025.

Employment growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in an increase of approximately 22,000 jobs over the No Project scenario, and approximately 43,000 jobs over existing conditions within the Project Area. This would represent a 123% increase over existing employment levels, which would exceed the SCAG projection of a 4.9% increase. However, the potential concentration of employment in this area of the City that would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be consistent with the regional growth management policies set forth by SCAG. Even though this development scenario would exceed the numeric growth forecasts provided by SCAG, the projected employment growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario would not represent a significant impact.

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Induced Housing Demand Projected housing growth would occur at a lower rate than the projected employment growth under this development scenario. Since the projected employment growth under this scenario would be concentrated in an area of the City served by the Metro Rail Red Line, the backbone of the regional transit system, the jobs that would be located within the Project Area would be accessible from a larger area within the region. In addition, some of the induced housing demand associated with projected could be accommodated in other transit station areas located outside the Project Area, as promoted under regional growth management plans. Therefore, impacts associated with induced housing growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

Moderate Displacement Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could occur on parcels presently occupied by commercial buildings and residential units. No involuntary residential displacement would occur under this development scenario. Potential impacts related to commercial displacement would be significant.

Population/Employment Growth Under the Moderate development scenario, a net population increase of 6,075 persons in the Redevelopment Project Area is projected, which would represent a 13.1 percent increase from the existing population in the Project Area. This increase in population growth would be within the 36.6 percent increase in population for the Project Area projected by the Southern California Association of Governments to occur by 2025.

Employment growth under the Moderate development scenario could result in an increase of approximately 2,700 jobs over the No Project scenario, and approximately 24,000 jobs over existing conditions within the Project Area. . This would represent a 67.5% increase over existing employment levels, which would exceed the SCAG projection of a 4.9% increase. Implementation of redevelopment activity in this area of the City would result in the concentration of employment in this area of the City under the Moderate development scenario. This development would promote regional growth management policies to a similar extent as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, even though this development scenario would exceed the numeric growth forecasts provided by SCAG, the projected employment growth under the Moderate development scenario would not represent a significant impact.

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Induced Housing Demand Projected housing growth would occur at a lower rate than the projected employment growth under this development scenario. Since projected employment growth under this development scenario would be lower, and projected housing growth would be higher, than the Maximum Possible development scenario, the effects of induced housing growth under the Moderate development scenario would be lower than under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Since the location of this growth would provide wider accessibility to jobs because of access to the regional transportation system and potential accommodation of induced housing demand within transit station areas outside the Project Area, impacts of the Moderate development scenario related to induced housing growth would be less than significant.

Minimum Displacement Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could occur on parcels presently occupied by commercial buildings and residential units. No involuntary residential displacement would occur under this development scenario. Potential impacts related to commercial displacement would be significant.

Population/Employment Growth Under the Minimum development scenario, a net population increase of 6,750 persons in the Redevelopment Project Area is projected, which would represent a 14.6 percent increase from the existing population in the Project Area. This increase in population growth, however, would be within the 36.6 percent increase in population for the Project Area projected by the Southern California Association of Governments to occur by 2025.

Employment growth under the Minimum development scenario could result in approximately 900 fewer jobs than would be expected to result from the No Project scenario, and an increase of approximately 20,000 jobs over existing conditions within the Project Area. This would represent a 57.2% increase over existing employment levels, which would exceed the SCAG projection of a 4.9% increase. Implementation of redevelopment activity in this area of the City would result in the concentration of employment in this area of the City under the Minimum development scenario. This development would promote regional growth management policies to a similar extent as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, even though this development scenario would exceed the numeric growth forecasts provided by SCAG, the projected employment growth under the Minimum development scenario would not represent a significant impact.

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Induced Housing Demand Projected housing growth would occur at a lower rate than the projected employment growth under this development scenario. At the same time, under this development scenario, induced housing demand would be accommodated to a greater degree than the other development scenarios, since the Minimum development scenario would provide for 900 fewer jobs, but 1,200 more housing units than under the No Project alternative. The effects of induced housing growth under the Minimum development scenario would be lower than under the Maximum Possible and Moderate development scenarios. Since the location of this growth would provide wider accessibility to jobs because of access to the regional transportation system and potential accommodation of induced housing demand within transit station areas outside the Project Area, impacts of the Minimum development scenario related to induced housing growth would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be implemented for future development projects within the Project Area to address significant impacts related to commercial displacement:

• Displaced business property owners and tenants shall receive assistance under the established state and local relocation assistance procedures as explained below:

In cases where the CRA provides funding or assists in assembling land for the development of a site, the CRA may provide businesses displaced on the project site with assistance in finding a suitable replacement facility, with preference to relocating within the proposed Project Area. Displaced businesses would also be provided relocation assistance in accordance with the requirements of the State of California Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1974.revised effective January 1991, (California Government Code, Chapter 16, Sections 7260-7277). The state law establishes a uniform policy for the fair and equitable treatment of persons and businesses displaced due to a direct result of programs or projects undertaken by a public entity. The Relocation Assistance Act shall be administered in a manner that is consistent with fair housing requirements and that assures all persons their rights under Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (Public Law 90-284), and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Level of Significance After Mitigation Impacts related to potential residential displacement would be less than significant. With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above, impacts of the Proposed Project related to potential commercial displacement would be less than significant. Impacts of the Proposed Project

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related to population and employment growth would be less than significant. Impacts of the Proposed Project related to induced housing demand would be less than significant.

Transportation/Circulation

Maximum Possible Development Future growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario would significantly impact 61 street segments, or 83% of the 73 street segments analyzed in the EIR, during the AM peak period and 66 street segments, or 90% of the 73 street segments during the PM peak period. These impacts would not be geographically concentrated; rather they are spread throughout the Project Area.

For the regional/CMP analysis, under the Maximum Possible development scenario, increased traffic on each of the three CMP freeway segments (101 Freeway West of Gower, 101 Freeway West of Sunset, 101 Freeway East of Western) and six of the seven CMP arterial street segments analyzed (Santa Monica Blvd East of Gower, East of Wilton Place and East of Western; and Highland Avenue North of Hollywood Boulevard, North of Sunset and North of Fountain) would cause the V/C ratio to increase by greater than 0.02 to a resulting LOS of F. Thus, impacts at these locations would be significant under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Moderate Future growth under the Moderate development scenario would significantly impact 41 street segments or 56% of the 73 street segments analyzed in the EIR during the AM peak period, and 56 street segments, or 77% of the 73 street segments during the PM peak period. These impacts would also not be geographically concentrated but would be spread throughout the Project Area.

CMP impacts under the Moderate development scenario would occur on one of the CMP freeway segments (101 Freeway East of Western) and five of the seven CMP arterial segments analyzed (Santa Monica Blvd East of Gower, East of Wilton Place and East of Western; and Highland Avenue North of Hollywood Boulevard and North of Sunset).

Minimum Future growth under the Minimum development scenario would significantly impact 12 street segments or 16% of the 73 street segments analyzed in the EIR during the AM peak period, and 8 street segments, or 11% of the 73 street segments during the PM peak period. Most of these impacts would occur in the central portion of the Project Area, with a few occurring in the eastern and western ends.

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No CMP impacts would occur on the analyzed freeway and arterial segments under the Minimum development scenario.

Mitigation Measures

Street Segment Impacts Mitigation of traffic impacts may be accomplished either by implementing measures to increase the capacity of the street system to accommodate traffic or by reducing the demand to use the street system. The following mitigation measures shall be implemented to address the significant impacts of the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios:

• Implementation of Adaptive Traffic Control System [ATCS] throughout the Project Area -- Upgrading the existing traffic signal controller system to ATCS throughout the Project Area would increase the capacity of the street system by three percent beyond what has already been achieved with the Automated Traffic Control and Surveillance [ATSAC] system. This improvement is currently planned for implementation in the western portion of the Project Area and could also be implemented in the eastern portion of the Project Area. Implementation of this mitigation measure would be under the jurisdiction of LADOT and would involve collection of mitigation fees from individual projects as they are developed.

• Temporary parking restrictions -- On some street segments, peak hour no parking / no stopping restrictions can be implemented to provide an additional lane in either direction during both the AM and the PM peak traffic periods. This measure was only considered feasible on the segments of the five streets listed below where peak hour parking is currently permitted and where the existing curb-to-curb width is of sufficient width.

◊ Hollywood Boulevard: La Brea Avenue to Serrano Avenue - Imposition of no parking/no stopping provisions on the both sides of the street, during both AM and PM peak traffic hours which would increase capacity to three lanes in each direction.

◊ Fountain Avenue: La Brea Avenue to Highland Avenue and Vine Street to Gower Street - Imposition of no parking/no stopping provisions on both sides of the street during the AM and PM peak traffic hours which would increase capacity to two lanes in each direction.

◊ Gower Street: Franklin Avenue to Santa Monica Boulevard - Imposition of no parking/no stopping provisions on both sides of the street during both AM and PM peak traffic hours which would increase lane capacity to two lanes in each direction.

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◊ Bronson Avenue: Hollywood Boulevard to Santa Monica Boulevard - Imposition of no parking/no stopping provisions on both sides of the street during both AM and PM peak traffic hours which would increase lane capacity to two lanes in each direction.

◊ Vine Street: Franklin Avenue to Fountain Avenue - Imposition of no parking/no stopping provisions on both sides of the street during both AM and PM peak traffic hours, which would increase capacity to three lanes in each direction.

• Provision of turning lanes at intersections -- The provision of additional lanes at intersections to accommodate turning movements would effectively increase the capacity of the adjacent street segments. Intersection improvements within the existing street right-of-way would be consistent with the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan and would be implemented as project-level mitigation based upon project information that cannot be known at present. Intersection improvements that would require widening of the street and narrowing a sidewalk could be implemented if found not to conflict with Redevelopment Plan goals to improve the pedestrian environment.

• Transportation Demand Management [TDM] strategies to increase use of transit, carpooling and non-motorized transportation alternatives -- A wide range of TDM strategies could potentially be employed to reduce the amount of vehicle trips made to destinations within the project area as listed below. The Agency shall develop, in conjunction with and subject to the approval of LADOT, a comprehensive Transportation Plan for the Project Area that includes the following measures, to the maximum extent feasible:

◊ Enhancements to the pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, such as sidewalk and crosswalk enhancements and bicycle lanes, to encourage more non-motorized trips within the Project Area.

◊ "Unbundled"6 office parking is a way of passing along to tenants and possibly employees the true cost of providing parking. Research has shown that this market strategy can reduce the demand for parking spaces on-site so that the rate of employees who drive alone is lowered.

◊ "Unbundled" residential parking is a way of passing along to tenants and possibly employees the true cost of providing parking. While there is little documentary evidence on its effect, anecdotal experience in cities like New York and San Francisco suggests that this TDM measure could be an effective means of reducing vehicle trips.

6 “Unbundled” parking refers to parking which is not provided to employees and residents as part of a lease arrangement, but rather is made available on a fee basis. This arrangement can potentially reduce demand for on-site parking by reducing vehicle usage.

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◊ Expansion of the existing DASH shuttle routes to additional destination areas within and outside the Project Area would complement the existing web of public transit services and encourage additional trips to be made by pubic transit.

◊ Customized subscription bus service could be arranged by individual project applicants to provide commuters with a non-automotive alternative to reach destinations that are not well served by public transit.

◊ Telecommuting is defined as working at home either full-time or part-time. Most such employees would be connected to their offices via a computer network and would not need to travel to work on one or more days per week. New office and residential development in the project area could be "wired" to accommodate telecommuting.

◊ Parking cash out is a TDM strategy under which an employer offers to provide a cash allowance to an employee equivalent to the parking subsidy that the employer would otherwise pay to provide the employee with a parking space. The employee can then use the money on any desired travel mode. This type of travel allowance is most commonly tied to parking charges whereby employees can apply the allowance to their parking fees, or use the allowance to purchase a transit pass or share the cost of commuting in a carpool or vanpool.

◊ Transportation Management Plans [TMPs] for office buildings are well-documented as an effective trip reduction strategy. A TMP would include rideshare matching, subsidies for vanpools and carpools, preferential parking for vanpool and carpool vehicles, subsidized transit passes, guaranteed rides home in case of an emergency, promotion of non-motorized commute options and a transportation information center.

Of the potential mitigation measures listed above, the first two (implementation of ATCS throughout the project area and temporary parking restrictions) are considered feasible for the Proposed Project. This is based on discussions with LADOT staff which determined that mitigation measures must be achievable without the acquisition of private property. The TDM measures listed above shall be evaluated by the Agency, in conjunction with LADOT, for inclusion in a comprehensive transportation strategy for the Project Area.

Congestion Management Program Impacts Implementation of ATCS throughout the Project Area would increase the capacity of the analyzed CMP arterial street segments. No further mitigation measures are available to reduce impacts on the analyzed CMP freeway and arterial street segments. In accordance with the goals of the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan, this Program EIR has used the criterion that to be feasible, a mitigation measure should not require the acquisition of private property. Without extensive further study beyond the

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scope of the Program EIR and outside the authority of the Lead Agency, it is not possible to define freeway-related improvements adequate to provide the needed mitigation. This analysis would be within the jurisdiction of Caltrans. Such a comprehensive study, the "US 101 Freeway Corridor Improvement Study," has recently been undertaken by Caltrans and the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, and is due to be completed by June 2004. It is unknown at present the extent to which this study will be capable of feasibly addressing traffic conditions in the 101 Freeway corridor.

Level of Significance After Mitigation

Street Segment Impacts Identified mitigation measures would reduce significant impacts to less than significant levels on: 13 street segments during the AM peak and 15 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Maximum Possible development scenario; 34 street segments during the AM peak and 26 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Moderate development scenario; and 12 street segments during the AM peak and 8 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Minimum development scenario.

Significant and unavoidable impacts would remain on 48 street segments during the AM peak hour and 51 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Maximum Possible development scenario; and on 7 street segments during the AM peak hour and 30 street segments during the PM peak hour under the Moderate development scenario. No street segments would remain significantly and unavoidably impacted during either the AM or PM peak hours under the Minimum development scenario.

Congestion Management Program Impacts Under the Maximum Possible development scenario impacts to each of the CMP freeway segments and six of the seven CMP arterial street segments analyzed would be significant and unavoidable after mitigation. Under the Moderate development scenario, impacts on one CMP freeway segment and one CMP arterial street segment would be significant and unavoidable after mitigation. Under the Minimum development scenario, CMP impacts would be less than significant on all analyzed freeway and arterial segments.

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Air Quality

Maximum Possible Development Construction Projected emissions under the Maximum Possible development scenario would exceed SCAQMD thresholds for NOx and PM10 and would be significant. Projected emissions of CO, ROG and SOx would be under SCAQMD thresholds and would be less than significant.

Operations Regional emissions generated under the Maximum Possible development scenario would exceed the

SCAQMD significance thresholds for CO, ROG and NOX. Daily emissions of SOX and PM10 projected under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be below the SCAQMD significance threshold. Thus, significant impacts for criteria pollutants CO, ROG and NOX would result from implementation of the Maximum Possible development scenario.

One-hour CO concentrations under the Maximum Possible development scenario would range from approximately 4.6 ppm to 13.0 ppm at worst-case sidewalk receptors. Eight-hour CO concentrations are anticipated to range from approximately 3.2 ppm to 9.1 ppm. The State one-hour standard of 20.0 ppm would not be exceeded at worst-case sidewalk receptor locations at any of the 57 roadway segments. However, worst-case sidewalk receptors at 2 of the 57 segments are anticipated to exceed the State eight-hour standard of 9.0 ppm. The roadway segments that would exceed the State eight- hour standard are:

• 101 Freeway west of Sunset Boulevard and • 101 Freeway east of Western Avenue. Sensitive receptors located in close proximity to these freeway segments, including residential units adjacent to the freeway and freeway bus stops, would be affected by these increased CO concentrations.

Moderate Construction Projected emissions under the Moderate development scenario would exceed SCAQMD thresholds for

NOx and PM10 and would be significant. Projected emissions of CO, ROG and SOx would be under SCAQMD thresholds and would be less than significant.

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Operations Regional emissions generated under the Moderate development scenario would not exceed the

SCAQMD significance thresholds for SOX and PM10. However, regional emissions generated under the Moderate development scenario would exceed the SCAQMD significance thresholds for CO, ROG and

NOX. Thus, significant impacts are anticipated for these three pollutants.

One-hour CO concentrations resulting from development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would range from approximately 4.1 ppm to 12.4 ppm at worst-case sidewalk receptors. Eight-hour CO concentrations are projected to range from approximately 2.9 ppm to 8.7 ppm. The State one-hour standard of 20.0 ppm and 8-hour standard of 9 ppm would not be exceeded at worst-case sidewalk receptor locations at any of the 57 roadway segments. Thus, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would not result in significant impacts related to local CO concentrations.

Minimum Construction Projected emissions under the Minimum development scenario would exceed SCAQMD thresholds for

NOx and would be significant. Projected emissions of CO, ROG, PM10 and SOx would be under SCAQMD thresholds and would be less than significant.

Operations Regional emissions generated under the Minimum development scenario would not exceed the SCAQMD significance thresholds for any of the criteria pollutants. Thus, no significant impacts related to regional emissions would be associated with the Minimum development scenario.

One-hour CO concentrations resulting from development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would range from approximately 4.4 ppm to 9.3 ppm at worst-case sidewalk receptors. Eight- hour CO concentrations are anticipated to range from approximately 3.1 ppm to 6.5 ppm. The State one-hour standard of 20.0 ppm and 8-hour standard of 9 ppm would not be exceeded at worst-case sidewalk receptor locations at any of the 57 roadway segments.

AQMP Consistency The Moderate and Minimum development scenarios would comply with Consistency Criterion 1 (project would not result in an increase in the frequency or severity of existing air quality violations or cause or contribute to new violations) and 2 (project would not exceed the assumptions in the AQMP in 2010 or increments) and would be consistent with the AQMP. The Maximum Possible development

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scenario would comply with Consistency Criterion 2, but not with Consistency Criterion 1. Thus, the Maximum Possible development scenario would not be consistent with the AQMP.

Mitigation Measures Construction The following mitigation measures shall be applied to all projects within the Project Area to address short-term impacts associated with construction-related air emission:

• PM10 Abatement. The Agency shall ensure that best practices are employed to reduce the creation of inhaleable dust particles during the construction process for agency sponsored or funded projects. Abatement shall use measures consistent with SCAQMD Rule 403, to include the following: ◊ Moisten soil not more than 15 minutes prior to moving soil or conduct whatever watering is necessary to prevent visible dust emissions from exceeding 100 feet in any direction.

◊ Apply non-toxic chemical stabilizers according to manufacturers specifications to disturbed surface areas (completed grading areas) within five days of completing grading or apply non-toxic dust suppressants or vegetation sufficient to maintain a stabilized surface.

◊ Exposed pits (i.e., gravel, soil, dirt) with 5% or greater silt content shall be watered twice daily, enclosed, covered or treated with non-toxic soil stabilizers according to manufacturers specifications.

◊ Water excavated soil and debris piles hourly or cover them with tarp, plastic sheets or other coverings.

◊ Water exposed surfaces at least twice a day under calm conditions. Water as often as needed on windy days when winds are less than 25 miles per day or during very dry weather in order to maintain a surface crust and prevent the release of visible emissions from the construction site.

◊ All trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil or other loose materials off-site shall be covered or wetted or shall maintain at least two feet of freeboard (i.e., minimum vertical distance between the top of the material and the top of the truck). Wash mud-covered tires and under-carriages of trucks leaving construction sites.

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◊ Sweep adjacent streets, as needed, to remove dirt dropped by construction vehicles or mud that would otherwise be carried off by trucks departing project site.

◊ Securely cover loads with a tight fitting tarp on any truck leaving the construction site.

◊ Cease grading during periods when winds exceed 25 miles per hour.

◊ Cease grading during second stage smog alerts.

◊ Building walls shall be watered prior to use of demolition equipment.

Operational The following mitigation measures shall be applied to all future projects within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area to address potentially significant impacts associated with operational air emissions:

• Reduction in Mobile Emissions of Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Dioxide and Reactive Organic Gas (Ozone precursor). To reduce vehicle travel and related tail pipe exhaust emissions, the Agency shall require that agency-sponsored or funded projects construct or make fair share contributions to pedestrian amenities, bus shelters, bus and transit passes, or the participation in or creation of transportation demand management programs, as outlined in Section III.F, Traffic, of this EIR.

Level Of Significance After Mitigation

Even with implementation of the mitigation measures outlined above, NOx emissions during construction would remain above SCAQMD thresholds and would be significant and unavoidable under all development scenarios. Emissions of PM10 would be greater than SCAQMD thresholds under the Maximum Possible and Moderate development scenarios would be significant and unavoidable. All other construction emissions would be less than significant under all development scenarios.

Implementation of the operational mitigation measure listed above would be partially effective in reducing impacts of mobile emissions for all development scenarios. However, this measure would not reduce projected increases in emission levels of CO, ROG and NOX below SCAQMD significance thresholds. Thus impacts related to regional CO, ROG and NOX emissions would be significant and unavoidable. Regional SOX and PM10 emissions would be below SCAQMD thresholds and would be less than significant. Impacts related to local CO concentrations would be significant and unavoidable at two locations under the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant at all other locations.

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Noise

Proposed Action Construction The resulting noise levels from construction activity under the Maximum Possible development scenario would exceed existing ambient and presumed ambient noise levels by more than 10 dBA, which is the threshold of significance for construction noise. Significant construction noise impacts would result from development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Operations Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, four roadway segments would experience an increase in the CNEL of greater than 3 dBA and the resulting noise level would be unacceptable for sensitive (i.e., residential) uses. Due to the presence of sensitive receptors throughout the Project Area, impacts at these locations under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be significant.

Development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be expected to include on-site equipment and facilities that could generate noise. These sources could include, but not be limited to, stationary HVAC equipment, loading docks, music from stores and outdoor gathering places for people. These sources presently exist within the Project Area but typically do not generate noise levels that rise above the prevailing traffic noise. It is unlikely that any of these sources would result in an audible increase in noise levels (i.e., greater than 3 dBA). Since an audible increase in noise levels must occur in order for the significance threshold to be exceeded, noise generation associated with other on-site sources would be less than significant.

Moderate Construction Construction location and equipment utilization under the Moderate development scenario would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, impacts resulting from development activities projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be significant.

Operations The predicted change in the CNEL traffic noise levels under the Moderate development scenario would be less than the 3 dBA threshold of audibility for all roadway segments. Noise impacts resulting from traffic generated by future development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would be less than significant.

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Because development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would involve similar on-site noise sources as the Maximum Possible development scenario, impacts would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be less than significant.

Minimum Construction Construction location and equipment utilization under the Minimum development scenario would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, impacts resulting from development activities projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would be the same as under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be significant.

Operations The predicted change in the CNEL traffic noise levels under the Minimum development scenario would be less than the 3 dBA threshold of audibility for all roadway segments. Noise impacts resulting from traffic generated by future development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would be less than significant.

Because development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would involve similar on-site noise sources as the Maximum Possible development scenario, impacts would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measures Construction Noise The following mitigation measures shall be applied to all projects within the Project Area to address short-term noise impacts associated with construction activities:

• Major construction activity shall be limited to the hours between 7 a.m. and 9 p.m. during the week and between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m. on Saturdays, per the City of Los Angeles Municipal Code. Construction activities shall be prohibited on Sundays.

• All equipment operating on site shall have properly operating mufflers.

• Siting of cranes, hoists, or other semi-stationary heavy equipment shall be as far from noise- sensitive uses as is practical, consistent with construction requirements.

• Electrically powered equipment shall be used instead of equipment driven by internal combustion engines where feasible.

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• Equipment shall not be left idling for 30 minutes or more, instead, it should be switched off.

• An area shall be designated for delivery of materials and equipment to any construction site located within the Project Area. This area shall be located as far from residential properties as is practical, consistent with construction requirements. This area shall be protected by a temporary barrier blocking the line of sight from the source to any operable residential window.

• For projects which would cause construction noise impacts affecting a school, the Agency shall, upon notification by the affected school or designated representative(s), coordinate with the project applicant and the affected school to implement, as feasible, additional site-specific measures to reduce construction related noise impacts at the affected school.

Operational Noise Due to the nature of the source, no feasible mitigation measures are available to address significant impacts associated with increased traffic noise that would result under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Impacts associated with other on-site noise sources would be less than significant and no mitigation measures would be required.

Level Of Significance After Mitigation Even with implementation of the mitigation measures outlined above, impacts associated with short- term construction noise would be significant and unavoidable under all development scenarios. Impacts associated with on-site noise sources would be less than significant. Impacts associated with increased traffic noise under the Minimum and Moderate development scenarios would be less than significant. Impacts associated with increased traffic noise would be significant and unavoidable for four roadway segments and less than significant for eight roadway segments under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Public Services

Maximum Possible Development Police In order to address the increase in response times and crime rates that would be associated with the increased development projected to result from the Maximum Possible development scenario, LAPD would be required to provide increased services and equipment, which would constitute a significant impact.

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Fire Future development project within the Project Area are legally required to comply with all applicable State and local codes and ordinances as well as conforming to the guidelines found within the Fire Protection and Fire Prevention Plan and the Safety Elements of the City of Los Angeles General Plan. Based upon requirements for fire protection services generated through such project-level reviews, the LAFD continually evaluates fire station placement and overall Department services for the City, as well as specific areas. This process assures that the Fire Department can provide the capabilities needed to provided adequate service to the City. Thus the impacts of potential future development under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

Schools Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, implementation of projected levels of residential development would result in 180 fewer elementary school students, 60 fewer middle school students and 81 fewer high school students than would be generated under the No Project scenario. Total student generation resulting from implementation of this development scenario would be 900 elementary students, 300 middle school students, and 405 high school students. With the addition of planned new school facilities, projected student generation under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be accommodated at all school levels and impacts related to school facilities would be less than significant. Construction activities associated with future development projects occurring in the Project Area under this development scenario could significantly impact school traffic and pedestrian routes.

Parks and Recreation Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, the population of the Project Area would increase by approximately 675 fewer persons than under the No Project Scenario. The total projected population increase over existing conditions under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be 3,375 persons. This increase would require an additional 13.5 acres of parkland to meet the Citywide standard set by the Department of Recreation and Parks. Because a substantial deficit in parkland already exists within the Project Area, any increase in population within the Redevelopment Project Area that does not include corresponding park facilities would worsen the existing parkland deficit and would be significant.

Libraries Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, the total service population for the library facilities serving the Project Area would increase to approximately 129,000. The resulting service population would be within the maximum service population for the library facilities serving the Project Area. Impacts on library services would be less than significant. The Agency is presently involved in a project (Hollywood Marketplace) which includes construction of a public parking structure at the

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southwest corner of Selma Avenue and Ivar Avenue, across from the Frances Howard Goldwyn Hollywood Regional Branch Library, which would provide parking supply that would be available to serve patrons of that facility.

Moderate Police In order to address the reduced officer-population ratio and increased response times and crime rates that would be associated with the increased residential and commercial/industrial development projected to result from the Moderate development scenario, LAPD would be required to provide increased services and equipment, which would constitute a significant impact.

Fire Impacts to fire protection services under the Moderate development scenario would be lower than under the Maximum Possible development scenario because of lower levels of commercial and industrial development, even though the Moderate development scenario would include 1,200 more housing units than the Maximum Possible development scenario. Impacts of potential future development under the Moderate development scenario related to fire protection services would be less than significant.

Schools Under the Moderate development scenario, implementation of projected levels of residential development would result in 540 more elementary school students, 180 more middle school students and 243 more high school students than would be generated under the No Project scenario. Total student generation resulting from implementation of this development scenario would be 1,620 elementary students, 540 middle school students, and 729 high school students. With the addition of planned new school facilities, projected student generation under the Moderate development scenario would be accommodated at all school levels and impacts related to school facilities would be less than significant. Construction activities associated with future development projects occurring in the Project Area under this development scenario could significantly impact school traffic and pedestrian routes.

Parks and Recreation Under the Moderate development scenario, the population of the Project Area would increase by approximately 2,025 persons over the No Project Scenario. The total projected population increase over existing conditions under the Moderate development scenario would be 6,075 persons. This increase would require an additional 24.3 acres of parkland to meet the Citywide standard set by the Department of Recreation and Parks. Because a substantial deficit in parkland already exists within the Project Area, any increase in population within the Project Area that does not include corresponding park facilities would worsen the existing parkland deficit and would be significant.

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Libraries Under the Moderate development scenario, the total service population for the library facilities serving the Project Area would increase to approximately 112,000. The resulting service population would be within the maximum service population for the library facilities serving the Project Area. Impacts on library services would be less than significant.

Minimum Police In order to address the reduced officer-population ratio and increased response times and crime rates that would be associated with the increased residential development projected to result from the Minimum development scenario, LAPD would be required to provide increased services and equipment, which would constitute a significant impact.

Fire Impacts to fire protection services under the Minimum development scenario would be lower than under the Maximum Possible development scenario because of lower levels of commercial and industrial development, even though the Minimum development scenario would include 1,500 more housing units than the Maximum Possible development scenario. Impacts of potential future development under the Minimum development scenario related to fire protection services would be less than significant.

Schools Under the Minimum development scenario, implementation of projected levels of residential development would result in 720 more elementary school students, 240 more middle school students and 324 more high school students than would be generated under the No Project scenario. Total student generation resulting from implementation of this development scenario would be 1,800 elementary students, 600 middle school students, and 810 high school students. With the addition of planned new school facilities, projected student generation under the Minimum development scenario would be accommodated at all school levels and impacts related to school facilities would be less than significant. Construction activities associated with future development projects occurring in the Project Area under this development scenario could significantly impact school traffic and pedestrian routes.

Parks and Recreation Under the Minimum development scenario, the population of the Project Area would increase by approximately 2,700 persons over the No Project Scenario. The total projected population increase over existing conditions under the Minimum development scenario would be 6,750 persons. This increase would require an additional 27 acres of parkland to meet the Citywide standard set by the

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Department of Recreation and Parks. Because a substantial deficit in parkland already exists within the Project Area, any increase in population within the Project Area that does not include corresponding park facilities would worsen the existing parkland deficit and would be significant.

Libraries Under the Minimum development scenario, the total service population for the library facilities serving the Project Area would increase to approximately 108,000. The resulting service population would be within the maximum service population for the library facilities serving the Project Area. Impacts on library services would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measures Police The following mitigation measures shall be implemented as part of future development projects in the Project Area to address significant impacts related to police services:

• The Agency shall require all applicants for development that requires a CEQA review or has agency participation through an Owner Participation Agreement or Disposition and Development Agreement to coordinate with LAPD by providing site plans to the Hollywood Division for review and to implement security features, such as private security, video surveillance, and secured entryways, as recommended by the LAPD during their review.

• The Agency shall coordinate with LAPD to determine the need for additional facilities and shall assist LAPD where feasible in implementing expansion of existing facilities or providing community policing facilities in Hollywood where needed.

Fire Protection Although no significant impacts related to fire protection services are projected to result from the Proposed Project, this assessment assumes that the LAFD will conduct project-level reviews to ensure adherence to code requirements. To ensure that this assumption is valid, the following mitigation measures shall be applied to future development projects within the Project Area:

• Site-specific development will be referred to the Fire Department to provide appropriate fire hazard management recommendations for inclusion by the City as project conditions of approval. Roadways and internal circulation systems shall be designed to accommodate fire suppression equipment with adequate turnaround areas as determined by the Fire Department. All site-specific development shall be provided with the water facilities needed to meet fire flow

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requirements as determined by the Fire Department. Where necessary, existing fire hydrants are to be tested to confirm adequate fire flows.

Schools Impacts of the Proposed Project on school facilities would be less than significant. However, this assessment was based upon the presumption that additional school facilities identified by the LAUSD would be constructed to meet projected demand. In order to support this presumption, the following mitigation measure shall apply to the Proposed Project:

• CRA shall require, as a Condition of Approval for future development projects within the Project Area, payment of in-lieu fees under the provisions of the Leroy F. Greene School Facilities Act of 1998 to mitigate impacts on schools serving the proposed project area.

The following mitigation measure shall be implemented to the maximum extent feasible to address significant impacts to school traffic and pedestrian routes that could result from future development projects within the Project:

• Project applicants shall contact the LAUSD Transportation Branch regarding potential impacts on school bus services.

• Project applicants shall coordinate with LAUSD to provide safe and convenient pedestrian routes to affected school(s).

• Project applicants shall maintain ongoing communication with LAUSD through the construction period and provide information to LAUSD regarding construction scheduling in order to forewarn children and parents of activities that could affect pedestrian routes to and from affected school(s).

• Project applicants shall, to the maximum extent feasible, provide traffic controls (signs and signals) to provide for pedestrian and vehicle safety at affected school(s).

• Haul route and construction schedules shall be established to minimize conflicts with pedestrians, school buses and cars at school arrival and dismissal times to the maximum extent feasible.

• Project applicants shall fund, if necessary, the provision of crossing guards and flag persons to provide for pedestrian safety at impacted school(s).

• Project applicants shall provide barriers at construction sites to minimize trespassing, vandalism and short cuts through the construction site in order to access schools.

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Parks and Recreation The following mitigation measures shall apply to future development projects within the Project Area to address significant impacts related to park and recreation services:

• The Agency shall require project applicants to analyze the existing, accessible park/recreational facilities and the need for additional facilities in order to determine proper mitigation. This could include on-site recreational amenities and direct support to the Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks including land, equipment, funding, etc.

• The Agency shall include, in its implementation program for the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan, a program to coordinate with the Department of Recreation and Parks to provide additional neighborhood park facilities within the Project Area where feasible.

• The Agency shall include, in its implementation program for the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan, a program to coordinate with LAUSD and fund, where feasible, use of school playgrounds and athletic fields during hours that school is not in session.

• The Agency shall meet with LADOT and LACMTA to identify means to better connect Griffith Park and Hollywood via transit to facilitate access to Griffith Park by Hollywood residents.

Libraries

Because impacts to library services would be less than significant, no mitigation measures are required.

Level Of Significance After Mitigation With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above, on police services, fire protection services, schools and libraries would be less than significant. Because on the substantial deficit of parkland within the Project Area, impacts to park and recreation services would be significant and unavoidable.

Utilities

Maximum Possible Development Water Implementation of future development projects occurring under the Maximum Probable development scenario would result in total estimated water consumption within the Project Area of approximately 3.6 million gallons per day and approximately 1.1 million gallons of water per day over the No Project scenario. The projected increase in consumption under the Maximum Possible development scenario

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would be within the projected water supplies available to DWP. Impacts related to water supplies would be less than significant. The infrastructure needed to serve the Project Area is either in place or would be expanded by DWP in the normal course of providing water service within the City. Impacts related to water supply infrastructure would be less than significant.

Wastewater Implementation of future development projects occurring under the Maximum Probable development scenario would result in total estimated wastewater generation within the Project Area of approximately 3.0 million gallons per day and approximately 911,000 gallons of wastewater per day over the No Project scenario. This projected increase would represent approximately one percent of the excess treatment capacity presently available at the Hyperion Treatment Plant. Impacts related to wastewater treatment capacity would be less than significant under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

Increased wastewater flows resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario would be transmitted from the Project Area via the existing 18-inch line located under Sunset Boulevard. Any increase in flows would cause the nominal capacity of this line to be exceeded. Thus impacts related to sewer infrastructure would be significant.

Solid Wasre Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, projected daily solid waste generation would increase by approximately 226,000 pounds over the No Project scenario. This would represent an increase of approximately 1.31.0% over the current average daily intake at Bradley and Sunshine Canyon Landfills. Since these landfills presently have remaining capacity, coupled with ongoing efforts by the landfill operators and the City to expand available landfill capacity, this increase could be adequately handled by existing facilities and the Proposed Project’s waste would not result in a premature exhaustion of a landfill. Impacts related to solid waste generation under the Maximum Possible development scenario would therefore be less than significant.

Electricity Future development resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario would consume approximately 332,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per day over the No Project scenario. The infrastructure needed to provide service to the Project Area is in place and is not anticipated to require expansion or rehabilitation beyond that planned by the LADWP. DWP indicates that it would be able to accommodate the electrical needs of the Maximum Possible development scenario. No significant impacts related to electricity service would occur.

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Natural Gas Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, estimated consumption of natural gas would increase by approximately 41.2 million cubic feet per month over the No Project scenario. Under the terms of existing tariffs and regulations, Southern California Gas Company would provide service to new development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario and no significant impacts would occur.

Moderate Water Implementation of future development projects occurring under the Moderate development scenario would result in total estimated water consumption within the Project Area of approximately 2.9 million gallons per day and approximately 354,000 gallons of water per day over the No Project scenario. The projected increase in consumption under the Moderate development scenario would be within the projected water supplies available to DWP. Impacts related to water supplies would be less than significant. The infrastructure needed to serve the Project Area is either in place or would be expanded by DWP in the normal course of providing water service within the City. Impacts related to water supply infrastructure would be less than significant.

Wastewater Implementation of future development projects occurring under the Moderate development scenario would result in total estimated wastewater generation within the Project Area of approximately 2.4 million gallons per day and approximately 295,000 gallons of wastewater per day over the No Project scenario. This projected increase would represent approximately 0.3 percent of the excess treatment capacity presently available at the Hyperion Treatment Plant. Impacts related to wastewater treatment capacity would be less than significant under the Moderate development scenario.

Increased wastewater flows resulting from the Moderate development scenario would be transmitted from the Project Area via the existing 18-inch line located in Sunset Boulevard. Any increase in flows would cause the nominal capacity of this line to be exceeded. Thus impacts related to sewer infrastructure would be significant.

Solid Wasre Under the Moderate development scenario, projected daily solid waste generation would increase by approximately 39,000 pounds over the No Project scenario. This would represent an increase of approximately 0.2% over the current average daily intake at Bradley and Sunshine Canyon Landfills. Since these landfills presently have remaining capacity, coupled with ongoing efforts by the landfill operators and the City to expand available landfill capacity, this increase could be adequately handled

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by existing facilities and the Proposed Project’s waste would not result in a premature exhaustion of a landfill. Impacts related to solid waste generation under the Moderate development scenario would therefore be less than significant.

Electricity Future development resulting from the Moderate development scenario would consume approximately 54,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per day over the No Project scenario. The infrastructure needed to provide service to the Project Area is in place and is not anticipated to require expansion or rehabilitation beyond that planned by the LADWP. DWP indicates that it would be able to accommodate the electrical needs of the Moderate development scenario. No significant impacts related to electricity service would occur.

Natural Gas Under the Moderate development scenario, estimated consumption of natural gas would increase by approximately 7.2 million cubic feet per month over the No Project scenario. Under the terms of existing tariffs and regulations, Southern California Gas Company would provide service to new development occurring under the Moderate development scenario and no significant impacts would occur.

Minimum Water Implementation of future development projects occurring under the Minimum development scenario would result in total estimated water consumption within the Project Area of approximately 2.7 million gallons per day and approximately 231,000 gallons of water per day over the No Project scenario. The projected increase in consumption under the Minimum development scenario would be within the projected water supplies available to DWP. Impacts related to water supplies would be less than significant. The infrastructure needed to serve the Project Area is either in place or would be expanded by DWP in the normal course of providing water service within the City. Impacts related to water supply infrastructure would be less than significant.

Wastewater Implementation of future development projects occurring under the Minimum development scenario would result in total estimated wastewater generation within the Project Area of approximately 2.3 million gallons per day and approximately 193,000 gallons of wastewater per day over the No Project scenario. This projected increase represent approximately 0.2 percent of the excess treatment capacity presently available at the Hyperion Treatment Plant. Impacts related to wastewater treatment capacity would be less than significant under the Minimum development scenario.

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Increased wastewater flows resulting from the Minimum development scenario would be transmitted from the Project Area via the existing 18-inch line located in Sunset Boulevard. Any increase in flows would cause the nominal capacity of this line to be exceeded. Thus impacts related to sewer infrastructure would be significant.

Solid Waste Under the Minimum development scenario, projected daily solid waste generation would increase by approximately 5,000 pounds over the No Project scenario. This would represent an increase of approximately 0.030.02% over the current average daily intake at Bradley and Sunshine Canyon Landfills. Since these landfills presently have remaining capacity, coupled with ongoing efforts by the landfill operators and the City to expand available landfill capacity, this increase could be adequately handled by existing facilities and the Proposed Project’s waste would not result in a premature exhaustion of a landfill. Impacts related to solid waste generation under the Maximum Possible development scenario would therefore be less than significant.

Electricity Future development resulting from the Minimum development scenario would consume approximately 4,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per day over the No Project scenario. The infrastructure needed to provide service to the Project Area is in place and is not anticipated to require expansion or rehabilitation beyond that planned by the LADWP. DWP indicates that it would be able to accommodate the electrical needs of the Minimum development scenario. No significant impacts related to electricity service would occur.

Natural Gas Under the Minimum development scenario, estimated consumption of natural gas would increase by approximately 3.6 million cubic feet per month over the No Project scenario (see Table III.J-25). Under the terms of existing tariffs and regulations, Southern California Gas Company would provide service to new development occurring under the Minimum development scenario and no significant impacts would occur.

Mitigation Measures Water

• Because no significant impacts related to water supplies or infrastructure would occur, no mitigation measures are required.

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Wastewater Impacts related to wastewater treatment would be less than significant and no mitigation measures would be required. The following mitigation measures will address the significant impact to sewer infrastructure related to the 18-inch line under Sunset Boulevard:

• For all future development projects within the Project Area, the Agency shall cause to have prepared a sewer capacity study which specifies wastewater flows from that project and assesses the capacity of the specific sewer lines that would serve the project to ensure that adequate capacity will be available at the time the project connects to the sewer system. This study will be utilized by the Bureau of Engineering as part of the “B” permitting process to determine whether sewer connection permits can be issued for new developments.

• The Agency shall consult with the Bureau of Engineering and Bureau of Sanitation to prepare a plan that provides for the upgrading of the 18-inch line under Sunset Boulevard to meet the requirements of the Bureau of Engineering and Bureau of Sanitation, prior to approving any development which would generate flows that exceed the capacity of the lines serving the project. This plan shall be included in the Agency’s implementation plan for the Hollywood Redevelopment Project to provide for long-term replacement or upgrading of the 18-inch line.

Solid Waste Although impacts related to solid waste disposal would be less than significant, the following mitigation measure shall be included to minimize total solid waste generation associated with development occurring under the proposed Plan Amendment:

• Development projects shall provide adequate storage areas for collection and removal of recyclable materials.

Because no significant impacts were identified, no mitigation measures would be required.

Electricity Because no significant impacts would occur related to electricity infrastructure or supply, no mitigation measures are required.

Natural Gas Because no significant impacts to natural gas service were identified, no mitigation measures are required.

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Level Of Significance After Mitigation With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above related to wastewater impacts, impacts of the Proposed Project on water, wastewater, solid waste disposal, electricity and natural gas would be less than significant.

Geotechnical/Seismic

Maximum Possible Development Projects occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario that are located within the City- designated Fault Rupture Study Zone would be subject to special project-specific foundation and structural studies and imposition of structural design standards for projects located within Fault Rupture Study Zones. With adherence to these standards, impacts related to fault rupture hazards under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

The Project Area could be subjected to strong groundshaking motions as a result of an earthquake. However, there is no evidence to suggest that the severity of groundshaking would be greater within the Project Area than at other locations in southern California. Specific projects located within the Project Area under the Maximum Possible Development Scenario would be constructed in compliance with accepted engineering practices and current building codes to resist seismically-generated motions. With adherence to these standards, the Proposed Project would not expose people, property, or infrastructure to greater seismic impacts than already exist in southern California. Impacts related to groundshaking under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

The Project Area includes areas with a high probability of liquefaction. Specific projects occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario that are located within the those parts of the Project Area subject to liquefaction would be required to undertake special liquefaction studies, incorporate foundation design features to reduce risks associated with liquefaction, and comply with the requirements of the City building code with respect to design requirements in areas subject to liquefaction. Impacts related to liquefaction hazards under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

Potential for subsidence is not known to be present within the Project Area. Therefore, no impacts related to subsidence are anticipated as a result of potential development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

The northwestern end of Project Area has a cluster of small shallow surfacal landslides. Specific projects located within the Project Area under the Maximum Possible Development Scenario that would be within areas for potential landslide and slope hazards would be subject to design requirements set

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forth in the City building code, as administered by the Department of Building and Safety in the course of its ministerial duties. Impacts related to landslide hazards under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

Moderate Potential development projects under the Moderate development scenario could occur within the part of the Project Area that has been designated by the City as a Fault Rupture Study Zone. Impacts related to development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would be less than significant with adherence to City requirements for special project-specific foundation and structural studies and imposition of structural design standards for projects located within Fault Rupture Study Zones.

Potential development projects under the Moderate development scenario could be subject to the same groundshaking motions in the event of an earthquake that could effect development projects occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, impacts related to development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would be less than significant with adherence to accepted engineering practices and current building codes to resist seismically-generated motions.

Potential development projects occurring under the Moderate development scenario could occur in those parts of the Project Area subject to liquefaction. Therefore, impacts related to development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be less than significant with the completion of special liquefaction studies, incorporation of foundation design features to reduce risks associated with liquefaction, and compliance with the design requirements of the City building code for development in areas subject to liquefaction.

Since the potential for subsidence is not known to be present within the Project Area, no impacts related to subsidence would result from potential development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario.

Potential development projects occurring under the Moderate development scenario could occur in those parts of the Project Area subject to landslides. Therefore, impacts related to development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be less than significant with the adherence to design requirements set forth in the City’s building code with respect to construction in areas with potential landslide and slope hazards.

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Minimum Potential development projects under the Minimum development scenario could occur within the part of the Project Area that has been designated by the City as a Fault Rupture Study Zone. Impacts related to development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would be less than significant with adherence to City requirements for special project-specific foundation and structural studies and imposition of structural design standards for projects located within Fault Rupture Study Zones.

Potential development projects under the Minimum development scenario could be subject to the same groundshaking motions in the event of an earthquake that could effect development projects occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, impacts related to development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would be less than significant with adherence to accepted engineering practices and current building codes to resist seismically-generated motions.

Potential development projects occurring under the Minimum development scenario could occur in those parts of the Project Area subject to liquefaction. Therefore, impacts related to development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would be less than significant with the completion of special liquefaction studies, incorporation of foundation design features to reduce risks associated with liquefaction, and compliance with the design requirements of the City building code for development in areas subject to liquefaction.

Potential development projects occurring under the Minimum development scenario could occur in those parts of the Project Area subject to landslides. Therefore, impacts related to development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be less than significant with the adherence to design requirements set forth in the City’s building code with respect to construction in areas with potential landslide and slope hazards.

Mitigation Measures Impacts related to geotechnical and seismic hazards would be less than significant, assuming that projects comply with requirements set forth in the building code related to special studies, design requirements and accepted engineering practices to minimize risks to people and property resulting from these potential hazards. To ensure that this assumption is valid with respect to future projects

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projected to occur under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios, the following mitigation measures shall apply:

1. Prior to the design and construction of a site specific project, a comprehensive geotechnical investigation shall be performed. If liquefiable soils or soils subject to seismic settlement are found, appropriate site preparation and foundation design measures shall be included in the project design that would minimize the effects of the soil conditions on the integrity of proposed structures. The required measures would be dependent upon the specific site conditions encountered. The geotechnical analysis and design measures shall be reviewed and approved by the City of Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety prior to issuance of building permits for the project.

2. All structural elements shall be designed and built to resist strong ground motions in accordance with the requirements of the City Building Code. These measures shall be reviewed and approved by the City of Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety prior to issuance of building permits.

3. All projects located within areas designated by the City as subject to landslide and slope stability hazards shall include design features to address site specific conditions as required by the City of Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety.

Level Of Significance After Mitigation Impacts associated with geologic and seismic hazards would be less than significant.

Hazardous Materials

Maximum Possible Development Some areas within the Project Area have been identified through review of government regulatory data bases for potential environmental hazards as a result of past practices or current operations. In the event that a future development project occurring under the Maximum Possible redevelopment scenario is proposed on or near a property that has been identified in one or more of the data bases, a potentially significant impact related to hazardous materials would occur. The extent of the impact would be dependent upon the characteristics of the project being proposed and the precise site conditions related to hazardous materials, which cannot presently be known.

Due to the age of the structures within the Project Area, it is likely that asbestos, lead-based paint, and PCBs are present. During renovation or demolition activities these hazardous materials may be disturbed. Thus any future development project occurring under the Maximum Possible development

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scenario that involves demolition activity could result in potentially significant impacts related to these materials.

Moderate Since future development projects under the Moderate development scenario could occur on sites that are located on or near sites that have been identified through review of government regulatory data bases for potential environmental hazards, impacts associated with future development projects occurring under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be potentially significant.

Since future development projects under the Moderate development scenario could occur on sites with older buildings that might contain asbestos, lead-based paint, and PCBs impacts associated with future development projects occurring under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be potentially significant.

Minimum Since future development projects under the Minimum development scenario could occur on sites that are located on or near sites that have been identified through review of government regulatory data bases for potential environmental hazards, impacts associated with future development projects occurring under the Minimum development scenario would be the same as under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be potentially significant.

Since future development projects under the Minimum development scenario could occur on sites with older buildings that might contain asbestos, lead-based paint, and PCBs, impacts associated with future development projects occurring under the Minimum development scenario would be the same as under the Maximum Possible development scenario and would be potentially significant.

Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures shall be required to reduce the potential impacts related to environmental hazards and hazardous materials to less than significant levels.

Government Regulatory Data Bases

• For any future development project proposed within the Project Area that is located on or near a parcel identified in the regulatory data base search discussed above and shown in Figure III.L-2, the Agency shall cause to have prepared a property-specific Phase I Environmental Site Assessment prior to issuance of any grading, foundation, demolition, building or any other permit issued by the City for that project. If indicated by the Phase I Environmental Site

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Assessment, the Agency shall require the preparation of subsequent Phase II Environmental Site Assessment(s).

• Remediation of any environmental conditions identified in the Phase I and/or Phase II Environmental Site Assessments shall be accomplished to the satisfaction of the appropriate regulatory agency(ies) (California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Regional Water Quality Control Board, and/or South Coast Air Quality Management District) prior to the issuance of grading or building permits for the project.

Hazardous Materials

• Asbestos and lead-based paint surveys shall be conducted on buildings scheduled to be demolished or renovated. When asbestos and lead-based paint are detected, they shall be abated in accordance with all applicable rules and regulations. Abatement activities shall be completed to the satisfaction of the appropriate regulatory agency(ies) prior to the issuance of demolition permits for the project. Abatement of asbestos shall be conducted in accordance with SCAQMD Rule 1403, Asbestos Emissions from Demolition/Renovation Activities.

Level of Significance After Mitigation With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above, impacts associated with environmental hazards and hazardous materials would be less than significant.

E. ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS

The range of alternatives evaluated by CRA was structured to evaluate alternatives which would meet the project objectives of promoting redevelopment and eliminating blight within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Project Area). Three alternative future development scenarios were developed and evaluated for each environmental issue. An alternate site for the Proposed Project was rejected because the Project Area already exists and the physical conditions that the redevelopment tools authorized under the existing Redevelopment Plan and the proposed amendment are intended to address are concentrated within the existing Project Area boundaries.

The Minimum development scenario would be environmentally superior to the Maximum Possible and Moderate development scenarios and would avoid the significant and unavoidable impacts of these scenarios with respect to regional air emissions. The Minimum development scenario would avoid the significant and unavoidable traffic impacts, after mitigation, that would occur under the Maximum Possible (58 street segments) and Moderate (32 street segments) development scenarios. The Minimum development scenario would avoid the significant and unavoidable impacts of the Maximum Possible

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development scenario with respect to traffic noise impacts on four roadway segments. The Minimum development scenario would avoid the significant and unavoidable impacts with respect to CO concentrations at two locations that would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario. The Minimum development scenario, unlike the Maximum Possible development scenario, would be consistent with the AQMP. The Minimum development scenario would achieve the objectives of the Proposed Project. Therefore the Minimum development scenario is the Environmentally Superior Alternative.

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND

This document is the Final EIR for the proposed project and, consistent with the requirements of Section 15132 of the State CEQA Guidelines, consists of the Draft EIR with revisions incorporated by the Lead Agency in response to comments received on the Draft EIR, all comments received on the Draft EIR, a list of persons, organizations and public agencies commenting on the Draft EIR, the responses of the Lead Agency to comments raised in the review and consultation process, and other

1 State of California, Health and Safety Code, Sections 33000 et.seq.

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information added by the City as appropriate. Changes from the Draft EIR that are reflected in the Final EIR are indicated through use of an underline format for additions and a strikeout format for deletions.

B. LEAD AGENCY

Consistent with the definition provided in Section 15367 of the State CEQA Guidelines, CRA is the Lead Agency for the proposed Plan Amendment, since it will serve as “the public agency which has the principal responsibility for carrying out or approving the project.” The Board of Agency Commissioners, as the governing body of the Agency, will be responsible, in conjunction with the Los Angeles City Council, for certifying the EIR and making findings thereto as required by law. The Plan Amendment is proposed by:

The Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles 354 South Spring Street, Suite 800 Los Angeles, CA 90013

C. SCOPE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

This EIR was prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act of 19702, the State CEQA Guidelines3, and the CEQA Guidelines of the City of Los Angeles and the Agency. The proposed project consists of a proposed amendment to the Redevelopment Plan designed to continue to provide CRA with the tools necessary to revitalize the area through new commercial, industrial, entertainment oriented and residential development; to preserve or reuse cultural resources, and to eliminate various conditions of blight that have been identified to remain within the Redevelopment Project. A detailed description of the proposed project is included within Chapter II, Project Description, of this EIR. This EIR is a Program Redevelopment Project EIR that has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of State CEQA Guidelines Sections 15168 and 15180. Guidelines Section 15168(a) defines a Program EIR as an EIR which may be prepared on a series of actions that can be categorized as one large project and are related either: geographically; as logical parts in the chain of contemplated actions; in connection with the issuance of rules, regulations, plans, or other general criteria to govern the conduct of a continuing program; or as individual undertakings carried

2 State of California, Public Resources Code, Sections 21000 et seq. 3 Title 14, California Code of Regulations, Sections 15000 et seq. (hereafter, “State CEQA Guidelines, or Guidelines”)

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out under the same authorizing statutory or regulatory authority and having generally similar environmental effects which can be mitigated in similar ways. Guidelines Section 15168(b) lists the advantages of a Program EIR as:

Providing an occasion for a more exhaustive consideration of effects and alternatives than would be practical in an EIR on an individual action; Ensuring consideration of cumulative impacts that might be slighted in a case-by-case analysis; Avoiding duplicative reconsideration of basic policy considerations; Allowing the lead agency to consider broad policy alternatives and program wide mitigation measures at an early time when the agency has greater flexibility to deal with basic problems or cumulative impacts; Allowing reduction in paperwork. As discussed further below, Guidelines Section 15180(b) also provides that “an EIR on a redevelopment plan shall be treated as a program EIR…”

The Redevelopment Plan for the Hollywood Redevelopment Project was approved and adopted by the Los Angeles City Council on May 7, 1986. Prior to the City Council taking that action, an Program EIR addressing the potential environmental impacts of the project was certified by the Agency (Hollywood Redevelopment Project Final EIR, January, 1986, State Clearinghouse #1985052903, the “1986 EIR”). Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21090 and State CEQA Guidelines Section 15180, the certified EIR would satisfy CEQA requirements for other actions implemented in furtherance of the Redevelopment Plan unless CRA identifies significant changes in circumstances that have occurred in the Redevelopment Project or significant new information develops.

Specifically, Public Resources Code Section 21090(b) states “all public and private activities and undertakings pursuant to, or in furtherance of, a redevelopment plan shall be deemed to be a single project. However, further environmental review of any public or private activity or undertaking pursuant to, or in furtherance of, a redevelopment plan shall be conducted if any of the events specified in Section 21166 have occurred.” Public Resources Code Section 21166 states that “when an environmental impact report has been prepared for a project …, no subsequent or supplemental environmental impact report shall be required …, unless one or more of the following events occurs:

• Substantial changes are proposed in the project which will require major revisions of the environmental impact report.

• Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is being undertaken which will require major revisions in the environmental impact report.

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• New information, which was not known and could not have been known at the time the environmental impact report was certified as complete, becomes available. CEQA Guidelines Section 15180, the implementing regulation for Public Resources Code Section 21090, states that “no subsequent EIRs (are) required for individual components of the redevelopment plan unless a subsequent EIR or a supplement to an EIR would be required by (Guidelines) Section 15162 or 15163.”

Guidelines Section 15162 is the implementing regulation for Public Resources Code Section 21166. Guidelines Section 15162(a)(1) further defines “substantial changes in the project which will require major revisions to the previous EIR” as “due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects.” Similarly, Guidelines Section 15162(a)(2) defines “substantial changes with respect to the circumstances under which the project is undertaken which will require major revisions to the previous EIR” as “due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects.” Finally, Guidelines Section 15162(a)(3) defines “new information of substantial importance” as any of the following:

• The project will have one or more significant effects not discussed in the previous EIR;

• Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in the previous EIR;

• Mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible would in fact be feasible and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative;

• Mitigation measures or alternatives which are considerably different from those analyzed in the previous EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative; The 1986 EIR for the Hollywood Redevelopment Project identified the potential environmental effects projected to be associated with the potential buildout of the project area as a result of redevelopment activities. The proposed Plan Amendment would continue to provide the Agency with the tools necessary to implement the adopted Redevelopment Plan. However, because of changes within the Redevelopment Project Area that have occurred since the certification of the 1986 EIR, including changes that have resulted from Agency activities, CRA determined that implementation of the proposed Plan Amendment would occur within the context of a substantial change in the circumstances under which the project is undertaken, which would have the potential to result in new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. Therefore, pursuant to Public Resources Code Sections 21090 and 21166, and CEQA Guidelines

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Section 15162(a)(2), CRA determined that a subsequent EIR analyzing the potential significant impacts of the proposed Plan Amendment should be prepared.

D. INTENDED USES OF THE EIR

The purpose of this EIR is to inform the Agency, Project Area property owners and tenants, as well as the general public, of the potential significant environmental effects associated with the proposed Plan Amendment. In addition, the EIR identifies ways that environmental impacts can be avoided or mitigated. The EIR will be used by all agencies with discretionary and permitting authority over the proposed project and made available to the public, so that they may be informed as to the potential significant environmental impacts of the proposed project.

Once the Final EIR has been prepared, This the document will be used by one or more of the following agencies for any actions that may be necessary or convenient to implement the proposed Plan Amendment:

• Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles • Los Angeles City Council • City of Los Angeles Planning Commission • All other public agencies which must approve public and private activities undertaken pursuant to or in furtherance of the Redevelopment Plan.

The EIR document does not determine whether a project will be approved. Its purpose is to identify all potentially significant effects of the proposed project on the physical environment, to determine the extent to which those effects can be reduced or avoided, and to identify and evaluate feasible alternatives to the proposed project. Per Section 15091 of the State CEQA Guidelines, when an EIR determines that a project could cause one or more significant impacts on the physical environment, the decision making body is required to make one or more of the following findings before the project can be approved:

1) Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the EIR; 2) Such changes or alterations are within the responsibility of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency; or

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3) Specific economic, legal, social, technological or other considerations, including provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the EIR.

Finally, per Section 15093(b) of the State CEQA Guidelines, if the Agency approves a project which will result in the occurrence of significant effects which are identified in the EIR but are not avoided or substantially lessened, the Agency must state in writing the specific reasons to support its actions based on the information contained in the EIR and/or other information in the record. As stated in Section 15093(a) of the State CEQA Guidelines, if the specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other benefits the unavoidable adverse effects, the adverse environmental effects may be considered “acceptable”. The Agency’s “Statement of Overriding Considerations” must be supported by substantial evidence in the record.

In the event that this EIR is ultimately certified, it, as a Program Redevelopment Project EIR, may be used as part of the environmental review and approval process for future public and private projects proposed within the Project Area. Depending upon the characteristics of these future projects and the nature of their associated environmental impacts, separate supplemental EIRs or other environmental documentation may be required for such projects.

E. EIR FOCUS

An Initial Study is a preliminary analysis prepared by a Lead Agency to determine whether an EIR must be prepared for a project or to identify the potential significant environmental effects to be analyzed in the EIR. If the Lead Agency determines after a preliminary review that an EIR must be prepared, the environmental review process can begin without preparation of an Initial Study, in accordance with Section 15063(a) of the State CEQA Guidelines. CRA’s preliminary review of the scope of the proposed Plan Amendment concluded that an EIR would be the appropriate level of environmental review for the project. Therefore an Initial Study was not prepared for the proposed Plan Amendment.

In considering the proposed Plan Amendment, CRA determined that implementation of the proposed Plan Amendment may, either by itself or cumulatively with existing and proposed development in the area, have potentially significant environmental effects in the following areas:

• Land Use

• Aesthetics/Urban Design/Light & Glare

• Historic Resources

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• Population, Housing & employment

• Transportation/Circulation

• Air Quality

• Noise

• Public Services

• Utilities/Energy Conservation

• Geotechnical/Seismic

• Hazardous Materials

This EIR is a “stand-alone” document and has been structured to address the potential environmental effects of the Plan Amendment as proposed. However, where appropriate, this EIR has relied upon the information and analysis contained in the certified 1986 EIR in order to focus the scope of this EIR. New analysis has been included to reflect any changes in circumstances which have occurred or new information which has become available since the certified 1986 EIR in order to update or adjust the conclusions of the certified 1986 EIR.

F. CEQA PUBLIC REVIEW PROCESS

In compliance with California Public Resources Code Section 21080.4, a Notice of Preparation (NOP) was prepared by CRA and was distributed to the State Clearinghouse, Office of Planning and Research and other responsible agencies, local agencies and homeowner associations, and other interested parties on December 4, 2001. The 30-day response period for the NOP ended on January 3, 2002. The NOP identified specific areas where the proposed project could have adverse environmental effects and indicated that an EIR would be prepared to analyze these effects. A copy of the NOP and responses to the NOP are included in Appendices A and B to this EIR.

The Draft EIR will be was circulated for review and comment by the public and other interested parties, agencies and organizations for a 45-day review period as required under CEQA. During the review period, copies of the EIR will bewere made available for review at the Los Angeles Public Library: Frances Howard Goldwyn Hollywood Regional Branch, 1643 Ivar Avenue, Hollywood; and Will and Ariel Durant Branch, 7140 West Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles. This EIR and other documents referenced in this report will also bewere also made available for review during normal business hours at the Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles, Records Review Branch, 354 South Spring Street, 5th Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90013. The public is was invited during this review period to comment in writing on the Draft EIR.

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A Notice stating that the Draft EIR was available for public review and announcing the date and time of the public hearing was sent to all interested parties, and was published in the Los Angeles Times on the week of November 20, 2002, and thereafter in the Hollywood Independent and the Los Angeles Downtown News. The Notice also stated that members of the public could review and/or obtain copies of the Draft EIR at the Agency’s Records Center and could review the Draft EIR at the Hollywood Library, the Hollywood site office, and the Agency’s web site. In addition, interested parties could borrow a copy in accordance with the Agency procedure at the Records Center of the Agency's Central Office.

Written comments on the Draft EIR should be were addressed to:

Robert Manford, City Planner Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles 354 S Spring St, Suite 700 Los Angeles, CA 90013 (213) 687-9546 (fax)

In addition, a public hearing on this EIR, where public comments will bewere taken, will bewas held by the Board of Agency Commissioners on December 19, 2002. In response to oral comments provided by one commentor representing the Hollywood Hills West Neighborhood Council at this hearing, the public review period was extended an additional 18 days, to January 21, 2003, in order to provide additional opportunities to comment on the Draft EIR. The resulting 63-day comment period for the Draft EIR exceeded the EIR public noticing requirements for CEQA compliance.

Following the public hearing on this document and after the close of the CEQA review period, wWritten responses will behave been prepared on all comments (written and oral) received and these comments/responses will behave been incorporated into the Final EIR (comprised of this Draft EIR, comments on the Draft EIR, written responses to those comments and the Mitigation Monitoring Program). Responses to written comments are contained in Appendix A to the Final EIR. Responses to public hearing comments are contained in Appendix B to the Final EIR.

No final actions (approval, denial, or amendment) will be taken on the proposed Hollywood Redevelopment Plan Amendment until the Final EIR has been reviewed and certified by Board of Agency Commissioners in a public meeting. Dates of the EIR review/certification public meeting and other public meetings related to the proposed Plan Amendment will be published and officially noticed in accordance with legal requirements.

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G. ORGANIZATION OF THE EIR

The EIR contains an Executive Summary, which summarizes the project description and technical analyses provided in the EIR. The description of the proposed project and the analysis of potential significant environmental impacts of the proposed project and mitigation measures is provided following this Introduction section. The impact analysis for each issue area examined in this EIR is presented in four subsections as described below:

• Environmental Setting – This subsection provides information describing the existing environmental conditions within, or surrounding, the Redevelopment Project Area that may be subject to change as a result of the proposed Plan Amendment and provides information on the regulatory setting and applicable plans and policies.

• Project Impacts - This subsection describes the criteria used for determining whether an environmental impact in that issue area is considered significant. CRA applies significance criteria which are based upon the guidance provided in City of Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide as well as the State CEQA Guidelines. Significance thresholds used in all CRA environmental documents are refined as necessary to reflect the particular conditions and location of the project under consideration. This subsection then describes the nature and extent to which the proposed Plan Amendment is expected to change the existing environment and makes a determination of whether or not the environmental impacts of the proposed project exceed the previously identified thresholds of significance.

• Mitigation Measures – In this subsection, mitigation measures are provided for each impact where it is determined that the proposed Plan Amendment would cause a significant environmental impact.

• Cumulative Impacts – This subsection identifies the potentially significant environmental effects of the proposed Plan Amendment in conjunction with other development anticipated to occur in the areas surrounding the Hollywood Redevelopment Project area. The basis for the cumulative impact analysis varies from issue to issue, depending upon the characteristics of the potential impacts. Cumulative impacts can range from highly localized effects such as aesthetic and construction impacts, to regional effects such as air quality. The analysis presented for each issue area defines the basis for determining potential cumulative effects.

• Level of Significance After Mitigation - This subsection provides a simply stated conclusion as to the level of environmental significance following the implementation of mitigation measures.

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Following the impact analysis sections, this document includes an evaluation of alternatives to the proposed project and other sections required by CEQA, including Unavoidable Significant Impacts, Growth Inducing Impacts and Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes.

Technical appendices included in the Draft EIR are were as follows:

Appendix A – Notice of Preparation Appendix B – Responses to the Notice of Preparation/Public Notices Appendix C - Development Scenario Calculations Appendix D – Traffic Impact Analysis Calculations Appendix E – Air Quality Analysis Appendix F – Noise Analysis Appendix G – Historic Resources Appendix H – Regulatory Data Base Descriptions

Technical appendices included in the Final EIR are as follows:

Appendix A – Responses to Written Comments on the Draft EIR Appendix B – Responses to Oral Comments Provided at the December 19, 2002 Public Hearing on the Draft EIR

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II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. PROJECT LOCATION

As depicted in Figure II-1, the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area is in the City of Los Angeles, approximately 7 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles, and includes the older portion of the Hollywood community. The Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area is generally bounded by La Brea Avenue on the west; Serrano Avenue on the east; Franklin Avenue, the Hollywood Freeway and Hollywood Boulevard on the north; and Fountain Avenue and Santa Monica Boulevard on the south (Figure II-2). The Project Area encompasses approximately 1,100 acres, and includes approximately 3,400 separate parcels of land.

B. EXISTING CONDITIONS

The Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area is developed with residential, commercial and industrial uses, along with a large number of underutilized and vacant buildings and parcels. Land uses within the Project Area consist of generally moderate to high density urban uses, including residential, commercial and limited industrial uses. Commercial uses are generally concentrated along the major streets within the Project Area, which include Hollywood Boulevard, Sunset Boulevard and Santa Monica Boulevard in the east-west direction, and La Brea Avenue, Highland Avenue, Cahuenga Boulevard, Vine Street and Western Avenue in the north-south direction. Limited industrial uses consist of production studio complexes generally located on Sunset Boulevard between Gower Street and the Hollywood Freeway (U.S. 101). Residential neighborhoods throughout the remainder of the Project Area are set back from the major commercial streets. Underutilized and vacant properties throughout the Project Area include vacant land and surface parking lots; land with buildings in poor physical condition; underutilized commercial properties; and underutilized residential properties.

Hollywood is synonymous with the historic development of the entertainment industry. Although most large studio operations had relocated from Hollywood to other locations in Southern California by the 1940s, the Project Area remains home to a large concentration of entertainment industry activity, including recording studios, post-production and production support businesses, live theaters and historic movie houses. Because of these past and present associations, Hollywood is also home to a concentration of historic structures related to the development of the entertainment industry in Southern California, anchored by the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District, which is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. In addition to the numerous historic buildings

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118

Northridge 5 210

Burbank 170 North Hollywood Pasadena 101 Glendale 134 Woodland Hills Toluca 2 210 101 Lake 5 2 110 PROJECT SITE Los Angeles 405 10

10 60

Culver City

1 605 Santa Monica Whittier

Los Angeles International Airport 110 710 Manhattan Beach 5 91 Hermosa Beach 107 Redondo Beach 405

Pacific Ocean Long Beach 22

405

N 0 5 miles Source:Christopher A. Joseph & Associates

Figure II-1 Christopher A. Joseph & Associates environmental planning and research Regional Map Legend Project Area

N Not to Scale Source: Thomas Brothers Maps, 2002 Digital Edition.

Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Figure II-2 environmental planning and research Vicinity Map Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

on Hollywood Boulevard, other historic commercial and residential buildings can be found throughout the Project Area, including a number of concentrations that form potentially significant neighborhoods.

Blighting conditions within the Project Area that were documented in conjunction with the adoption of the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan in 1986 have persisted to the present day, notwithstanding numerous examples of successful Agency assistance on projects within the Project Area. To determine continuing conditions of physical and economic blight within the Project Area, the Agency is conducting an analysis for the Report to the City Council that will be reviewed at the time the Proposed Amendment is considered for approval. Conditions being analyzed include, but are not limited to:

• Building permit activity;

• Property sales prices;

• Office vacancy rates;

• Residential overcrowding;

• Crime rates;

• Parcel conditions;

• Building conditions. Figures II-3 and II-4 provide examples of current physical conditions within the Project Area.

C. PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS

The Redevelopment Plan authorizes redevelopment activities which may be undertaken by CRA within the boundaries of the Project Area to revitalize the area by assisting or undertaking new commercial, residential and industrial development; rehabilitation and reuse of existing development; the maintenance and expansion of residential neighborhoods; the preservation/reuse of cultural and historic resources; and the elimination of other conditions of blight within the Project Area. Redevelopment actions which have been authorized or undertaken within the Project Area since the adoption of the Redevelopment Plan have included:

• Execution of agreements with existing owners and tenants located within the project area subject to limitations and requirements provided by the law and established rules governing owner and tenant participation adopted by the Agency;

• Land assembly and acquisition of property;

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Looking North along Hollywood Blvd, west of Hollywood Fwy

Typical Residence on side streets between Hollywood Blvd and Sunset Blvd

Source: Christopher A. Joseph & Associates, February 2002.

Figure II-3 Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Existing Conditions Within environmental planning and research Redevelopment Project Area Corner of Wilton Avenue and Hollywood Boulevard

Typical multi-family residence on the side streets between Hollywood Blvd and Sunset Blvd

Source: Christopher A. Joseph & Associates, February 2002.

Figure II-4 Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Existing Conditions Within environmental planning and research Redevelopment Project Area Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

• Management of property under the ownership and control of the Agency until resold or transferred;

• Relocation and rehousing of displaced occupants of acquired property;

• Demolition or removal of buildings and improvements;

• Installation, construction, expansion, addition, maintenance, or reconstruction of streets, utilities and public facilities improvements;

• Land acquisition and assembly assistance;

• Building façade and streetscape improvements;

• Technical assistance to businesses and community development organizations;

• Financial assistance;

• Owner participation agreements;

• Disposition and development agreements;

• Preparation of urban design guidelines;

• Funding specific improvements to infrastructure and community services;

• Rehabilitation and preservation of historically significant buildings and structures;

• Disposition and development of land by private developers and public agencies for the construction of new improvements in accordance with the Redevelopment Plan;

• Provision of low and moderate income housing; and

• Establishment and retention of controls, restrictions and covenants running with the land so that property will continue to be used in accordance with the Redevelopment Plan.

• Revising schedules related to the preparation of various plans and studies.1

1 Funding for the preparation of these plans is included in the Agency’s adopted Fiscal Year 2002-2003 budget for the Project Area.

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• Adoption of an amended land use map to conform to the land use map of the existing Hollywood Community Plan that has been amended since the Redevelopment Plan was adopted in May 1986.

• Adoption of text that allows for continuing conformance with the land use map of the Hollywood Community Plan if the Community Plan is updated and amended subsequent to the adoption of the proposed Redevelopment Plan Amendment.

D. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

• Vacant land and surface parking lots;

• Land with buildings in poor physical (i.e., deteriorated) condition;

• Underutilized commercial and industrial properties;

• Underutilized residential properties. The methodology utilized to project the future levels of development within the Project Area under the three development scenarios was as follows. First, all parcels meeting any of the four criteria listed above were identified from field surveys conducted by the Agency and Los Angeles County Assessor parcel data. Approximately 1,200 parcels encompassing approximately 241 acres were identified by this process. From this total set of candidate parcels, the parcels that contained underutilized buildings or buildings in poor physical condition that were also considered to be potential historic resources were

2 However, the potential development that could be associated with the implementation of the proposed Plan Amendment is not limited to the development of these candidate parcels. Rather, the projected development of these parcels was used as a basis for estimating the potential levels of development expected to occur throughout the Project Area as a result of implementing the proposed Plan Amendment. Thus the level of development projected for each of the alternative development scenarios could potentially occur at any location within the Project Area, as governed by planning, zoning and other land use regulations.

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excluded3. Potential historic resources were defined as resources listed on, or eligible for listing on, the California Register of Historical Resources, or listed or eligible for listing as a local historic landmark (see Section III.D, Historic Resources, of this EIR for more detailed information). After eliminating parcels containing historic resources, a set of candidate parcels comprising approximately 20% of the Project Area (approximately 213 acres of the total of approximately 1,100 acres within the Project Area) remained to be used as the basis for calculating potential future development within the Project Area under the three development scenarios (Maximum Possible, Moderate, Minimum). Existing development within these candidate parcels consists of approximately 2.2 million square feet of commercial development and approximately 2,800 residential units.

The Redevelopment Plan is an adopted plan and remains effective until May, 2026. Therefore, it is likely that development of these candidate parcels would continue to occur as a result of continued Agency redevelopment activities in the Project Area that do not require eminent domain or an expanded time limit in which to establish debt, along with market forces. The resulting development would continue to occur until the expiration of the adopted Redevelopment Plan in 2026. For this reason, a projected scenario was developed to assess the potential impacts that could result regardless of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment. This scenario was defined as the No Project (i.e., No Plan Amendment) scenario. Total development under the No Project scenario was then calculated, assuming that each of the candidate parcels would be developed to the development capacity provided by the current zoning designations that are applicable to each candidate parcel.

Table II-1 shows the existing level of development on the candidate parcels and the projected total development expected to result under the No Project development scenario, as calculated in accordance with the methodology described above.

Projected levels of development under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios were then estimated using different assumed development densities for the candidate parcels. These assumed development densities were based on the maximum densities permitted by the adopted Redevelopment Plan and on less intense development standards proposed in a draft urban design plan prepared in the early 1990s. The Maximum Possible Development alternative envisions the Project Area developing over time primarily as a major commercial center and therefore assumes significantly higher commercial development densities and levels of development along major commercial thoroughfares such as Hollywood and Sunset Boulevards and in districts surrounding the Hollywood/Highland and Hollywood/Vine Metro Rail stations. The Moderate Development alternative

3 The methodology used to create the projections of future development within the Project Area assumes that historic resources that represent underutilization of the property or are buildings in poor physical condition will be restored, renovated or adaptively reused, rather than demolished, destroyed, relocated, replaced or redeveloped.

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envisions slightly higher commercial density in some commercial areas and development of a live/work neighborhood within the regional commercial center portion of the Project Area, thus resulting in a moderate increase in both commercial and residential development within the Project Area. The Minimum Development alternative envisions commercial development generally in line with the existing zoning code, but with higher density residential uses throughout the Project Area and establishment of a high density residential zone in the regional commercial center portion of the Project Area. The Minimum Development alternative thus represents reduced commercial development and increased residential development within the Project Area.

Table II-1 Existing Development and Total Development Resulting from Currently Authorized Redevelopment Activities to May 2026 (No Project)

Alternative Commercial (sq.ft.)1 Housing Units

Existing Conditions2 2,200,000 2,800

No Project 11,100,000 4,600

Net Increase 8,900,000 1,800

1 Includes office, retail, restaurant and hotel uses 2 Existing development on candidate parcels. Total development within the Project Area presently comprises approximately 10 to 12 million square feet of commercial development and 21,500 housing units. Source: Terry A Hayes Associates

Table II-2 represents the total increase in development expected within the Project Area as a result of the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios.

Table II-2 Total Development Resulting from Alternative Development Scenarios

Alternative Commercial (sq.ft.)1 Housing Units Maximum Possible 20,500,000 4,300 [+18,300,000] [+1,500] Moderate 12,200,000 5,500 [+10,000,000] [+2,700] Minimum 10,700,000 5,800 [+8,500,000] [+3,000] 1 Includes office, retail, restaurant and hotel uses [Net increase from existing development on candidate parcels] Source: Terry A Hayes Associates

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The difference between the Proposed Project alternatives (Maximum Possible, Moderate, Minimum) and the No Project (i.e., No Plan Amendment) alternative is shown in Table II-3.

Table II-3 Change in Development for Alternative Scenarios Compared to the No Project Alternative

Alternative Commercial (sq.ft.)1 Housing Units

Maximum Possible 9,400,000 -300

Moderate 1,100,000 900

Minimum -400,000 1,200

1 Includes office, retail, restaurant and hotel uses Source: Terry A Hayes Associates

The negative numbers shown in Table II-3 reflect the differing emphasis between commercial and residential development that would be expected to result from differing ways in which the Agency could implement the proposed Plan Amendment along with potentially differing effects of market forces. The analysis of each development alternative evaluated in this EIR is based upon the differences between the Proposed Project and No Project scenarios shown in Table II-3 above. This is appropriate because the development expected under the No Project alternative represents future development that would be expected to result from continuation of the adopted Redevelopment Plan, absent any changes to the Redevelopment Plan contained in the proposed Plan Amendment. Environmental impacts associated with the No Project alternative are evaluated in Section IV, Alternatives Analysis, of this EIR.

Projected levels of growth under the No Project and the three alternative development scenarios assume the development of approximately 4 to 5 million square feet of commercial and residential floor area and approximately 2,000 to 3,000 public parking spaces between 2003 and 2007. This development includes project concepts that have been discussed with Agency staff since 2000 that would likely proceed to more refined project scopes and possible construction in the near future. This “near-term” growth also includes the development of a 300-room hotel, 200 apartment units, 46 condominium units, 30,000 square feet of retail use and an intermodal transit plaza adjacent to the Hollywood/Vine Metro Rail subway station.

E. PROJECT OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the proposed Redevelopment Plan Amendment are: to re-establish the ability of the Agency to use eminent domain to acquire property on which no persons lawfully reside, to provide for the continued financing of redevelopment activity through the completion of the Redevelopment Plan, to

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ensure that the land use designations of the Redevelopment Plan are consistent with the land use designations contained in the Hollywood Community Plan and to make other limited revisions to the text of the Redevelopment Plan. The existing Redevelopment Plan has also established the following objectives and goals for the Redevelopment Project, which the Agency will continue to implement upon approval of the proposed Redevelopment Plan Amendment:

• Encourage the involvement and participation of residents, business persons, property owners and community organizations in the redevelopment of the community.

• Preserve and increase employment, and business and investment opportunities through redevelopment programs and, to the greatest extent feasible, promote these opportunities for minorities and women.

• Promote a balanced community meeting the needs of the residential, commercial, industrial, arts and entertainment sectors.

• Support and encourage the development of social services with special consideration given to participating in projects involving community based organizations that serve runaways, the homeless, senior citizens and provide child care services and other social services.

• Improve the quality of the environment, promote a positive image for Hollywood and provide a safe environment through mechanisms such as:

◊ Adopting land use standards;

◊ Promoting architectural and urban design standards including: standards for height, building setback, continuity of street façade, building materials, and compatibility of new construction with existing structures and concealment of mechanical appurtenances;

◊ Promoting landscape criteria and planting programs to ensure additional green space;

◊ Encouraging maintenance of the built environment;

◊ Promoting sign and billboard standards;

◊ Coordinating the provision of high quality public improvements;

◊ Promoting rehabilitation and restoration guidelines;

◊ Integrate public safety concerns into planning efforts.

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• Support and promote Hollywood as the center of the entertainment industry and a tourist destination through the retention, development and expansion of all sectors of the entertainment industry and the preservation of landmarks related to the entertainment industry.

• Promote the development of Hollywood Boulevard within the Hollywood commercial core as a unique place which:

◊ Reflects Hollywood’s position as the entertainment center;

◊ Provides facilities for tourists;

◊ Contains active retail and entertainment uses at the street level;

◊ Provides for residential uses;

◊ Is pedestrian oriented;

◊ Is a focus for the arts, particularly the performing arts;

◊ Recognizes and reinforces its history and architecture.

• Promote and encourage the retention and expansion of all segments of the arts community and the support facilities necessary to foster the arts and attract the arts through land use and development policies such as the creation of a theater district.

• Provide housing choices and increase the supply of housing for all income and age groups, especially for persons with low and moderate incomes; and to provide home ownership opportunities and other housing choices which meet the needs of the resident population.

• Promote the development of sound residential neighborhoods through mechanisms such as land use, density and design standards, public improvements, property rehabilitation, sensitive in-fill housing, traffic and circulation programming, development of open spaces and other support services necessary to enable residents to live and work in Hollywood.

• Recognize, promote and support the retention, restoration and appropriate reuse of existing buildings, groupings of buildings and other physical features especially those having significant historic and/or architectural value and ensure that new development is sensitive to these features though land use and development criteria.

• Support and encourage a circulation system which will improve the quality of life in Hollywood, including pedestrian, automobile, parking and mass transit systems with an emphasis on serving existing facilities and meeting future needs.

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• Promote and encourage the development of health, education, child and youth care, and senior citizen facilities and programs to enable the development of a community with a variety of lifestyles.

• Promote and encourage development of recreational and cultural facilities and open spaces necessary to support attractive residential neighborhoods and commercial centers.

• Promote the development of the varied ethnic communities in Hollywood.

• To the maximum extent feasible, seek to build replacement housing within the Project Area prior to the destruction or removal of dwelling units which house low and moderate income people. The Agency shall make a good faith effort to relocate any displaced residents or businesses within the Project Area unless they choose to relocated elsewhere. Residents displaced as a result of the proposed project shall be provided a priority for occupancy in housing which the Agency has facilitated.

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III. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES A. EFFECTS FOUND TO BE NOT SIGNIFICANT

This section addresses potential environmental effects for which the Proposed Project would not result in significant effects. California Public Resources Code Section 21003(f) states: “… it is the policy of the state that …all persons and public agencies involved in the environmental review process be responsible for carrying out the process in the most efficient, expeditious manner in order to conserve the available financial, governmental, physical, and social resources with the objective that those resources may be better applied toward the mitigation of actual significant effects on the environment.” This policy is reflected in State CEQA Guidelines (Guidelines) Sections 15126.2(a), “(a)n EIR shall focus on the significant environmental effects of the proposed project” and 15143, “(t)he EIR shall focus on the significant effects on the environment.” Although the Guidelines allow use of an Initial Study to document project effects which are less than significant, Guidelines Section 15063(a) provides that an Initial Study is not required if the lead agency can determine that an EIR will clearly be required for the project. Guidelines Section 15128 requires that an EIR contain a statement briefly indicating the reasons that various possible significant effects of a project were determined not to be significant, and were therefore not discussed in detail in the EIR. Because CRA, the lead agency for the Proposed Project under CEQA, was able to determine that an EIR would clearly be required for the Proposed Project, an Initial Study was not prepared. The statements required by Guidelines Section 15128 are included in this Section.

CRA has determined that the Proposed Project would not have the potential to result in significant impacts with regard to the following environmental issue areas: agriculture resources; biological resources; and mineral resources. The rationale for each of these determinations is presented below. CRA determined, based on the environmental characteristics of the project area and review of existing data and relevant programs, that implementation of the Proposed Project may have the potential to create environmental impacts in the remaining environmental issue areas. The analyses of these environmental issues are contained in the remainder of Chapter III of this EIR.

Agriculture Resources A project-related significant adverse effect related to agricultural resources could only occur if the project was located in an area containing state-designated agricultural land, or was zoned for agricultural use or currently used as farmland, and the project would result in the conversion of this land to another non-agricultural use. The Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area is located in an urbanized area of the City of Los Angeles which has not been used for agriculture for at least 80 years. The Redevelopment Project Area has been developed with moderate to high-density residential, commercial, industrial and other urban uses since that time. The Proposed Project has no potential to impact agricultural resources.

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Biological Resources A project-related significant adverse effect related to biological resources could only occur if the proposed project site contained candidate, sensitive, or special status species as identified in federal, state or local regulations; contained viable habitat for such species or other sensitive habitats; contained designated wetlands, or was located in a Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Preservation Plan or other approved habitat conservation plan area; and the proposed project would disturb such areas in a manner inconsistent with regulatory requirements. The Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area is located in an urbanized area of the City of Los Angeles which does not include or support sensitive plant or animal species or wetlands. This area includes only species that have adapted to urban conditions and ornamental species commonly found in urban areas, including non-native introduced landscaping; non-native grasses; urban street trees; pets and feral cats and dogs; and birds, insects, reptiles and small mammals that have adapted to the urban environment. No natural watercourses are present within the Redevelopment Project Area that could support riparian habitats. The nearest body of water, the Hollywood Reservoir, is approximately two miles northeast of the Project Area and the nearest (semi-natural) watercourse, the Los Angeles River, is over four miles north of the Project Area. The Redevelopment Project Area and surrounding areas do not include any biological resources which would be subject to present or future biological resource conservation plans. No potential to impact biological resources would be associated with the Proposed Project.

Mineral Resources A project-related significant adverse effect related to mineral resources could only occur if the proposed project site was located in an area used or available for mineral resource extraction or mineral resource recovery, and the Proposed Project would convert this use to another use, or would affect access to a site used for such purposes. Parcels located within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area have never been used for mineral resource extraction or recovery activity. The Redevelopment Project Area has been developed with moderate to high-density residential, commercial, industrial and other urban uses for over 80 years. No potential to impact mineral resources would be associated with the Proposed Project.

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III. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS B. LAND USE

ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

Existing Land Uses

Existing land uses within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Project Area) consist of generally moderate to high density urban uses, including residential, commercial and industrial uses. Commercial uses are generally concentrated along the major streets located within the Project Area, which include Hollywood Boulevard, Sunset Boulevard and Santa Monica Boulevard in the east-west direction, and La Brea Avenue, Highland Avenue, Cahuenga Boulevard, Vine Street and Western Avenue in the north-south direction. Residential neighborhoods are located throughout the remainder of the Project Area, set back from the major commercial streets. Figure III.B-1 depicts the generalized pattern of existing land uses within the Project Area.

Land Use Policies and Regulations

The Project Area is located within the Hollywood Community of the City of Los Angeles and is therefore subject to the development regulations and policies set forth in the City of Los Angeles General Plan and the Hollywood Community Plan. The Project Area is also located within the planning area of the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), the Southern California region’s federally designated metropolitan planning organization that has prepared the Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide (RCPG) to address issues of regional growth.

Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide

The Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide (RCPG) was adopted in 1994 by the member agencies of SCAG to set broad goals for the Southern California region and identify strategies at all levels of government to use in guiding their decision-making. It includes input from each of the 13 subregions that make up the Southern California region (comprised of Los Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino, Riverside, Imperial and Ventura Counties). The Project Area is within the City of Los Angeles subregion, which encompasses the entire City of Los Angeles.

Adopted RCPG policies related to land use are contained primarily in Chapter 3 of the RCPG, entitled Growth Management. The primary goal of Growth Management Chapter policies is to address issues related to growth and land consumption by encouraging local land use actions that could ultimately lead to the development of an urban form that will help minimize development costs, save natural resources and enhance the quality of life in the region.

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City of Los Angeles General Plan

The General Plan Framework, one of eight elements of the General Plan of the City of Los Angeles, was adopted on July 17, 1996 and sets the strategy for long-term growth within the City. It also provides current, general guidance on land use issues for the entire City. This guidance is based upon population growth projections provided by the Southern California Association of Governments. The Community Plans, which collectively comprise the City of Los Angeles Land Use Element, define growth and development policy, land use locations, and entitlements within specific areas of the City of Los Angeles.

Hollywood Community Plan

The City of Los Angeles is divided into 35 sub-areas or Community Planning Areas (CPAs) for purposes of land use planning. The Project Area is within the Hollywood Community Plan Area. This plan was adopted on December 13, 1988 and amended through March 3, 1993. The purpose of the Hollywood Community Plan is to promote an arrangement of land use, circulation, and services that will encourage and contribute to the economic, social, and physical health, safety, welfare, and convenience of the Community.1 The Community Plan consists of policies to guide growth, as well as a land use map which governs, through land use and zoning designations, the types of land uses to be developed within the Plan Area. Community Plan policies applicable to the Proposed Project are listed under Project Impacts below.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Thresholds of Significance

The analysis of land use impacts considers both compatibility of proposed uses with adjacent land uses and consistency of the project with adopted plans and polices that govern land use within the Project Area.

1 City of Los Angeles, Hollywood Community Plan, as adopted on December 13, 1988 and amended through March 3, 1993.

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LEGEND Hollywood Redevelopment Area Residential Commercial Industrial Open Space N Not to Scale Source: Hollywood Plan, City of Los Angeles, 1991.

Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Figure III.B-1 environmental planning and research Existing Land Uses Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

A significant impact related to land use compatibility would result if the interface of physical and operational characteristics of the project is found to be substantially incompatible with the surrounding land use. The determination of compatibility is based upon a survey of land uses in the area, in combination with the analysis of the physical development, construction and operational characteristics of potential development that could occur as a result of the Proposed Project.

A significant impact related to land use plan consistency would result if the Proposed Project is found to be in substantial conflict with the applicable goals, policies or objectives set forth in the Regional Comprehensive Plan, General Plan Framework, Hollywood Community Plan or other adopted City or CRA plans and policies.

Project Impacts

Under the Proposed Project, the Agency and the City Council would re-establish the Agency’s ability to acquire property by eminent domain which expired in 1998, but limit that authority to only property on which no persons lawfully reside. In addition, changes in state law since the Redevelopment Plan was originally adopted permit elimination of the time limit to establish loans, advances and indebtedness. The proposed Plan Amendment includes the following components:

• Revising schedules related to the preparation of various plans and studies.

• Adoption of an amended land use map to conform to the land use map of the existing Hollywood Community Plan that has been amended since the Redevelopment Plan was adopted in May 1986.

Land Use Compatibility

Construction

Maximum Possible Development. Construction activities which could result from the development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario, could cause conflicts with adjacent uses during the construction period due to temporary increases in air emissions (including fugitive dust) and noise. These potential effects are discussed in Section III.G, Air Quality, and III.H, Noise, of this EIR. Such construction impacts could result in temporary incompatibility between the short-term land use activity of project construction and adjacent sensitive land uses. Uses that are typically considered sensitive to noise and air pollution include residences, schools, parkland, hospitals and convalescent

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care facilities. These uses could experience significant impacts from construction–related air emissions and noise.

Moderate. Construction activity projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario could take place adjacent to or in the vicinity of sensitive uses. Therefore, impacts resulting from development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario with respect to construction noise and air emissions. Such impacts could result in temporary incompatibility between the short-term land use activity of project construction and adjacent sensitive land uses and would be significant.

Minimum. Construction activity projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario could take place adjacent to or in the vicinity of sensitive uses. Therefore, impacts resulting from development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would be the same as would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario with respect to construction noise and air emissions. Such impacts could result in temporary incompatibility between the short-term land use activity of project construction and adjacent sensitive land uses and would be significant.

Operations

Maximum Possible Development. Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in incompatibilities with adjacent land uses. The development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario would perpetuate the existing pattern within the Project Area, where residential, commercial and industrial land uses are, in many cases, located proximate to one another. Under existing Community Plan land use designations, as well as changes which might result from implementation of the Maximum Possible development scenario, new commercial and industrial development along major roadway corridors could potentially occur near predominantly residential areas set back from the major roadways. In addition, increased intensity of land use could result in some parts of the Project Area as a result of development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Although it is not possible to identify specific impacts based upon the information which is known or can be known regarding future development projects within the Project Area, possible sources of land use incompatibility as a result of development anticipated under the Maximum Possible development scenario could include: noise from traffic and other on-site sources, spillover parking into residential neighborhoods, odors, light and glare, pedestrian/vehicle conflicts, shade and shadow effects and handling of hazardous materials. These effects are addressed in the corresponding sections of this EIR. However, land use compatibility impacts associated with the Maximum Possible development scenario would be significant because land use conflicts could result from the operational characteristics of future development anticipated as a occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario.

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Moderate. Under the Moderate development scenario, modest increases in commercial/industrial and residential development and development intensity are projected to occur throughout the Project Area. New development under the Moderate development scenario could result in potential land use conflicts in the same manner as could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Such conflicts could occur to the extent that new or existing commercial/industrial development were to be located near new or existing residential development. Land use compatibility impacts under the Moderate development scenario would be significant.

Minimum. Under the Minimum development scenario, increased emphasis on residential development, along with modest increases in commercial/industrial development, is projected to occur within the Project Area. New development under the Minimum development scenario could result in similar potential land use conflicts as could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Such conflicts would occur to the extent that new or existing residential development were to be located near new or existing commercial/industrial development. Land use compatibility impacts under the Minimum development scenario would be significant.

Land Use Regulation

Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide

Although SCAG has determined that the Proposed Project would not be regionally significant (see SCAG’s response to the Notice of Preparation, contained in Appendix B to this EIR), development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios as a result of adopting the proposed Plan Amendment would serve to implement numerous regional growth policies set forth in the RCPG. These policies are shown in Table III.B-1.

As shown in Table III.B-1, the development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios as a result of adopting the proposed Plan Amendment would be consistent with and would support implementation of the policies listed above because it would enhance CRA’s ability to: encourage and support development and redevelopment activity in an existing developed area that is presently well-served by existing transit and transportation infrastructure; encourage and support redevelopment activity in the developed urban core of the City that does not require extension of other major infrastructure systems; promote development of a mix of urban land uses; support the development of affordable housing within the Project Area; work toward the elimination of blight and promote improvements in the standard of living of the residents of the Project Area; and improve the existing infrastructure and public services within the Project Area.

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Table III.B-1 Comparison Of Project Characteristics To RCPG Policies

Policies and Guides Maximum Possible Development Scenario Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario

Regional Standard of Living

Encourage patterns of urban development and land use Development under this development scenario Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible that reduce costs on infrastructure construction and make would be promoted in an area of the City of Los development scenario. development scenario. better use of existing facilities. Angeles that is already developed with transportation infrastructure and would not require extension of other urban infrastructure systems in order to provide services.

Support local jurisdictions’ efforts to minimize the cost of Development under this development scenario Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible infrastructure and public service delivery and efforts to would minimize infrastructure and public development scenario. development scenario. seek new sources of funding for development and the service costs because it would occur in an provision of service. already developed area. Eliminating time limits related to financing activity under the Redevelopment Plan would provide sources of funding for the provision of services.

Encourage efforts of local jurisdictions in the Development under this development scenario Development under this Development under this implementation of programs that increase the supply and would include affordable housing, as required development scenario would development scenario would include quality of housing and provide affordable housing as by the provisions of the Redevelopment Plan. include affordable housing. This affordable housing. This scenario evaluated in the Regional Housing Needs Assessment. scenario would include more would include more affordable affordable housing than would be housing than would be expected expected under the Maximum under the Maximum Possible and Possible development scenario. Moderate development scenarios.

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Table III.B-1 Comparison Of Project Characteristics To RCPG Policies

Policies and Guides Maximum Possible Development Scenario Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario

Regional Quality of Life

Encourage local jurisdictions’ plans that maximize the use Development under this development scenario Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible of existing urbanized areas accessible to transit through would be promoted in an existing urbanized development scenario. development scenario. infill and redevelopment. area served by regional rail and bus transit systems. The proposed project, being a redevelopment project by nature, is consistent with this policy.

Support local jurisdictions’ strategies to establish mixed-use Development promoted under this development Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible clusters and other transit-oriented developments around scenario would include mixed use development development scenario. development scenario. transit stations and along transit corridors. in transit station areas and along major bus transit corridors, including commercial and residential development near Metro Rail subway stations..

Encourage existing or proposed local jurisdictions’ Development promoted under this development Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible programs aimed at designing land uses which encourage scenario would include mixed use development development scenario. development scenario. the use of transit and thus reduce the need for roadway in transit station areas that would encourage use expansion, reduce the number of auto trips and vehicle of the transit system. In addition, mitigation miles traveled and create opportunities for residents to walk measures for increased traffic generated under and bike. this development scenario would include measures to promote land use patterns that reduce auto trips and encourage use of transit.

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Table III.B-1 Comparison Of Project Characteristics To RCPG Policies

Policies and Guides Maximum Possible Development Scenario Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario

Encourage developments in and around activity centers, Development encouraged under this Although concentrations of Although concentrations of transportation corridors, underutilized infrastructure development scenario would occur within development along major development along major systems, and areas needing recycling and redevelopment. activity centers, transportation corridors and transportation corridors and near transportation corridors and near rail urban land areas available for recycling within rail transit stations would occur to s transit stations would occur to s an established Redevelopment Project Area. slightly lesser degree than would slightly lesser degree than would occur under the Maximum Possible occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario, the overall and Moderate development concentration of development in the scenarios, the overall concentration urban core of Hollywood that of development in the urban core of would occur under this Hollywood that would occur under development scenario would be this development scenario would be consistent with this policy. consistent with this policy.

Encourage planned development in locations least likely to Development under this development scenario Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible cause adverse environmental impacts. would be promoted in a developed urban area development scenario. development scenario. capable of accommodating such growth without undue environmental impact. Where significant impacts would occur, this EIR identifies mitigation measures to reduce or eliminate them.

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Table III.B-1 Comparison Of Project Characteristics To RCPG Policies

Policies and Guides Maximum Possible Development Scenario Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario

Social, Political, and Cultural Equity

Support local jurisdictions and other service providers in Development under this development scenario Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible their efforts to develop sustainable communities and would work toward the elimination of blight and development scenario. development scenario. provide, equally to all members of society, accessible and promote improvements in the standard of living effective services such as: public education, housing, health and improvement in the delivery of public care, child care, social services, recreational facilities, law services to the residents of the Project Area. enforcement, and fire protection. The proposed project would implement the goals of the Hollywood Redevelopment Plan to provide economic opportunities and social services to the residents of the Project Area.

Regional Mobility Element

Encourage land use development patterns that complement Development under this development scenario Same as Maximum Possible Same as Maximum Possible transportation investments. would be promoted in transit station areas and development scenario. development scenario. along major bus transit corridors. The location of this development would promote patronage of the transit system and would be easily accessed by major roadways and pedestrian facilities, thus complimenting the public investment in the transportation system.

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General Plan Framework/Hollywood Community Plan

The General Plan Framework is implemented through the 35 Community/District Plans. Therefore consistency with the applicable Community Plan is equivalent to consistency with the General Plan Framework. The Hollywood Community Plan sets forth objectives and policies to ensure appropriate land use planning within Hollywood. Objectives that would be relevant to the Proposed Plan Amendment are listed in Table III.B-2.

As shown in Table III.B-2 below, under all development scenarios, the Proposed Project would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan because it would enhance CRA’s ability to: promote the development and redevelopment of the Hollywood community; attract private investment to the community; eliminate conditions of blight within the community; and improve transportation and other infrastructure systems within the community. Therefore, no impacts related to compatibility with the policies of the Hollywood Community Plan would result from the Proposed Project.

Implementation of the development scenarios could require changes to existing zoning designations in order to accommodate residential and commercial development densities in some parts of the Project Area. These may exceed the maximum densities presently allowed under existing zoning classifications. However, the land uses would be generally consistent with the land use designations set forth in the Hollywood Community Plan.

Maximum Possible Development. Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, increased commercial development density along parts of Hollywood and Sunset Boulevards could require re- zoning of some parcels that are currently designated for lower densities. Potential impacts associated with such development are discussed in the remaining sections of this EIR. However, because such re- designations would result from a comprehensive planning process for the Project Area and would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan as discussed above, potential changes in zoning that would be required to implement the Maximum Possible development scenario would not raise issues of compatibility with the pertinent provisions of the Hollywood Community Plan. Moreover, the proposed Plan Amendment includes a revised land use map and text that allows for conformance of the Redevelopment Plan with the Hollywood Community Plan at the time of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment and continuing conformance with the land use map of the Hollywood Community Plan if the Community Plan is updated and amended subsequent to the adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment. Thus the Redevelopment Plan would remain consistent with the land use designations contained within the Hollywood Community Plan in the future.

Moderate. Under the Moderate development scenario, increased commercial development density along parts of Hollywood Boulevard could require re-designation of some parcels that are currently

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Table III.B-2 Hollywood Community Plan Objectives

Objective Objective Maximum Possible Development Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario No. Scenario

1 To coordinate the development of Development promoted under this Same as Maximum Possible Development Same as Maximum Possible Hollywood with that of other parts of the development scenario would support Scenario Development Scenario City of Los Angeles and the continued development of Hollywood as a metropolitan area. To further the regional center, would enhance the image development of Hollywood as a major of Hollywood and would perpetuate the center of population, employment, retail image of Hollywood as the international services, and entertainment; and to center of the entertainment industry. This perpetuate its image as the international development scenario would be consistent center of the motion picture industry. with this objective.

2 To designate lands at appropriate Development promoted under this Development promoted under this Development promoted under this locations for the various private uses and development scenario could require development scenario could require development scenario could require public facilities in the quantities and at changes in land use designations to support changes in land use designations to support changes in land use designations to densities required to accommodate increased commercial development density increased residential add commercial support increased development density, populations and activities projected to in some parts of the Project Area. These development densities in some parts of the primarily residential, in some parts of the year 2010. changes would accommodate projected Project Area. These changes would the Project Area. These changes would growth in the Project Area under this accommodate projected growth in the accommodate projected growth in the development scenario to the year 2026. Project Area under this development Project Area under this development Since these changes would result from a scenario to the year 2026. Since these scenario to the year 2026. Since these comprehensive planning process for the changes would result from a changes would result from a Project Area, the designated land uses comprehensive planning process for the comprehensive planning process for the would be in appropriate locations and the Project Area, the designated land uses Project Area, the designated land uses development scenario would be consistent would be in appropriate locations and the would be in appropriate locations and with this objective. development scenario would be consistent the development scenario would be with this objective. consistent with this objective.

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Objective Objective Maximum Possible Development Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario No. Scenario

3 To make provision for the housing Development promoted under this Same as Maximum Possible Development Same as Maximum Possible required to satisfy the varying needs and development scenario would include the Scenario Development Scenario desires of all economic segments of the provision of affordable housing in Community, maximizing the opportunity accordance with the requirements of the for individual choice. Hollywood Redevelopment Plan and applicable housing laws and regulations.

4 To promote economic well being and Development promoted under this Development promoted under this Development promoted under this public convenience through: development scenario would include development scenario would include development scenario would include a. Allocating and distributing commercial land uses concentrated along moderate increases in commercial land modest increases in commercial land commercial lands for retail, service, and major commercial thoroughfares and uses along commercial streets and uses throughout the Project Area and office facilities in quantities and patterns industrial development, primarily related to industrial development, primarily related to industrial development, primarily based on accepted planning principles entertainment industry production, in areas entertainment industry production, in areas related to entertainment industry and standards. which already contain such uses. The which already contain such uses. The production, in areas which already Project Area does not include the Project Area does not include the contain such uses. The Project Area b. Designating land for industrial concentration of medical facilities in East concentration of medical facilities in East does not include the concentration of development that can be used without Hollywood. The Redevelopment Plan is Hollywood. The Redevelopment Plan is medical facilities in East Hollywood. determent to adjacent uses of other intended to promote the economic well intended to promote the economic well The Redevelopment Plan is intended to types, and imposing restrictions on the being of the Project Area by eliminating being of the Project Area by eliminating promote the economic well being of the types and intensities of industrial uses as blight and promoting economic activity in blight and promoting economic activity in Project Area by eliminating blight and are necessary to this purpose. an area in need of revitalization. This an area in need of revitalization. This promoting economic activity in an area c. Encouraging the revitalization of the development scenario would be consistent development scenario would be consistent in need of revitalization. This motion picture industry. with this objective. with this objective. development scenario would be d. Recognizing the existing consistent with this objective. concentration of medical facilities in East Hollywood as a center serving the medical needs of Los Angeles.

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Objective Objective Maximum Possible Development Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario No. Scenario

5 To provide a basis for the location and The land use plan for the Project Area that Same as Maximum Possible Development Same as Maximum Possible programming of public services and would be promoted under this development Scenario Development Scenario utilities and to coordinate the phasing of scenario, coupled with the implementation public facilities with private tools provided to the Agency under the development. To encourage open space Redevelopment Plan, would provide a and parks in both local neighborhoods mechanism for on-going planning to and in high density areas. provide adequate levels of utility services and other public services, to coordinate modifications in existing utility and service systems with future development projects and to promote development of neighborhood parks and open spaces within the Project Area. This development scenario would be consistent with this objective.

6 To make provision for a circulation This development scenario would promote Same as Maximum Possible Development Same as Maximum Possible system coordinated with land uses and a pattern of land use that would include Scenario Development Scenario densities and adequate to accommodate mixed land uses in areas currently served traffic; and to encourage the expansion by bus and rail transit. Adoption of the and improvement of public proposed Plan Amendment would include transportation service. mitigation measures to accommodate increased traffic, including development of a comprehensive transportation plan for the Project Area and implementation of transportation demand management measures. This development scenario would be consistent with this objective.

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Objective Objective Maximum Possible Development Moderate Development Scenario Minimum Development Scenario No. Scenario

7 To encourage the preservation of open This development scenario would promote Same as Maximum Possible Development Same as Maximum Possible space consistent with property rights a pattern of land uses that would not result Scenario Development Scenario when privately owned and to promote in the loss of any existing open space the preservation of views, natural within the Project Area. The development character, and topography of encouraged under this development mountainous parts of the Community for scenario would be designed to preserve the enjoyment of both local residents and views of adjacent mountain areas to the persons throughout the Los Angeles maximum extent feasible. This region. development scenario would be consistent with this objective.

Source: City of Los Angeles, Hollywood Community Plan.

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designated for lower commercial densities. Under this development scenario, development of live/work units would also be encouraged in some parts of the Project Area. Implementation of these land uses could result in increased intensity of residential and commercial uses that could require re- zoning of some parcels that are currently designated for lower densities. Potential impacts associated with such development are discussed in the remaining sections of this EIR. However, because such re- designations would result from a comprehensive planning process for the Project Area and would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan as discussed above, potential changes in zoning that would be required to implement the Moderate development scenario would not raise issues of compatibility with the pertinent provisions of the Hollywood Community Plan. Moreover, the proposed Plan Amendment includes a revised land use map and text that allows for conformance of the Redevelopment Plan with the Hollywood Community Plan at the time of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment and continuing conformance with the land use map of the Hollywood Community Plan if the Community Plan is updated and amended subsequent to the adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment. Thus the Redevelopment Plan would remain consistent with the land use designations contained within the Hollywood Community Plan in the future.

Minimum. Under the Minimum development scenario, development of medium to high density residential areas would be encouraged in some parts of the Project Area. Implementation of these land uses could result in increased intensity of residential uses that could require re-zoning of some parcels that are currently designated for lower densities. Potential impacts associated with such development are discussed in the remaining sections of this EIR. However, because such re-designations would result from a comprehensive planning process for the Project Area and would be consistent with the objectives of the Hollywood Community Plan as discussed above, potential changes in zoning that would be required to implement the Minimum development scenario would not raise issues of compatibility with the pertinent provisions of the Hollywood Community Plan. Moreover, the proposed Plan Amendment includes a revised land use map and text that allows for conformance of the Redevelopment Plan with the Hollywood Community Plan at the time of adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment and continuing conformance with the land use map of the Hollywood Community Plan if the Community Plan is updated and amended subsequent to the adoption of the proposed Plan Amendment. Thus the Redevelopment Plan would remain consistent with the land use designations contained within the Hollywood Community Plan in the future.

CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

Cumulative effects related to land use compatibility could occur during construction activities if multiple construction projects were occurring in the same part of the Project Area or if a project were being constructed near the boundary of the Project Area at the same time that a project is being constructed just outside the Project Area boundary. The potential for such overlapping construction

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activities would be dependent upon construction schedules which are presently unknown. Therefore the potential for cumulative land use compatibility impacts resulting from construction activities is speculative. Cumulative effects related to land use compatibility after new development becomes operational could occur if two or more projects were to be constructed in the same vicinity over the life of the Redevelopment Project. Since such an event is likely, potential cumulative land use compatibility impacts would be significant. Mitigation measures to address these impacts would be identified in accordance with the characteristics of the impacts and the requirements set forth in the specific technical sections in this EIR.

The Proposed Project would be fully consistent with the goals, objectives and polices set forth in the Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide, City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework and Hollywood Community Plan. As such, no potential for cumulative impacts related to consistency with these plans would exist.

MITIGATION MEASURES

The following mitigation measures shall be applied to future projects within the Redevelopment Project Area to address temporary land use incompatibility during construction activities:

• All projects shall be required to implement mitigation measures related to construction noise set forth in Section III.H, Noise of this EIR.

• All projects shall be required to implement mitigation measures related to construction air quality set forth in Section III.G, Air Quality of this EIR. The following mitigation measures shall be applied to future projects within the Redevelopment Project Area to address land use incompatibilities during operational activities:

• The Agency’s discretionary approvals and ministerial (i.e., permit) reviews of developments within the Redevelopment Project Area shall consider the effects of commercial or industrial activities on adjacent residential properties. Site plan and project design reviews shall be conducted for all future projects requiring a building permit to ensure that projects that could affect residential areas are appropriately screened to mitigate light, glare, noise, hazardous materials, traffic and parking effects. Screening techniques that may be identified by the Agency for incorporation could include landscaping, site design modifications, screening walls or traffic calming and parking restrictions on residential streets. Mitigation measures shall be designed to achieve the following, as appropriate: reduce noise levels to the acceptable levels

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set forth in the community compatibility noise guidelines of the General Plan; eliminate light spillover onto residential properties; eliminate parking spillover into residential areas; eliminate sources of glare that reflect into residential areas; eliminate sources of odor generation that affect adjacent residential uses; eliminate excessive shading of residential properties; minimize risks to adjacent residential properties resulting from the handling of hazardous materials. Any screening or physical design measures identified by the Agency to be necessary to mitigate land use incompatibilities shall be included as Conditions of Approval for the project. Because no impacts related to land use plans and policies were identified to result from the Proposed Project, no mitigation measures are required.

LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION

Impacts of the Proposed Project related to land use incompatibility during construction would be significant and unavoidable with respect to construction noise and air emissions. Impacts of the Proposed Project related to land use compatibility as a result of operations would be less than significant with implementation of the mitigation measures outlined above. No impacts related to inconsistency with established land use plans and policies would result from the Proposed Project.

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III. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS C. AESTHETICS

This section evaluates the potential impacts of the Proposed Project on aesthetics, views and vistas, light and glare, and shade and shadows in the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Project Area). Aesthetics refers to visual resources and the quality of what can be seen, or overall visual perception of the environment, and may include such characteristics as building height and mass, development density, design character, building condition, landscaping and open space. Views refer to visual access and obstruction of prominent visual features, including both specific visual landmarks and panoramic vistas. . Shading issues are concerned with the shading effects of shadows cast by existing or proposed structures on adjacent land uses. Lighting issues address the effects of nighttime illumination and daytime glare on adjacent land uses.

ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

Scenic Highways

There are no State of California-designated scenic highways or scenic parkways located within or in proximity to the Project Area. The closest scenic highway to the Project Area is SR-2 north of the I- 210 freeway through the Angeles National Forest, approximately 10 miles northeast of the Project Area1. The City’s Hollywood Community Plan designates the segments of Sunset Boulevard and Hollywood Boulevard located within the Project Area as Major Scenic Highway. Views available from these roadways include the architecturally distinctive urban development and streetscape located along the roadways as well as intermittent views of the Hollywood Hills to the north.

Scenic Views and Vistas

The topography of the Project Area is generally flat to gently sloping. Its built environment is characterized by mid- to high-density urban development. The two designated scenic highways located within the Project Area, Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard, generally provide views of urban development and urban streetscapes (see Figures III.C-1 and III.C-2). The views along much of Hollywood Boulevard are of historic structures that form a cohesive National Register Historic District between Sycamore Avenue and Argyle Avenue. The views along portions of Sunset Boulevard include

1 California Division of Tourism, Regional Maps, Los Angeles County, http://gocalif.ca.gov/tourism/pdfs/Map_LosAngel.pdf

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mature street treescapes, a number of historic structures, including the Cinerama Dome Theater, the Hollywood Palladium, CBS Studio, the former Gower Gulch, and the former Warner Brothers Studio office [now KTLA / Tribune Entertainment Lot], as well as a potentially significant neighborhood of Spanish-style commercial architecture between McCadden Place and Hudson Avenue.

Most of the existing development is mid-rise (3-6 stories) in height or less, although a number of high rise buildings are located along these streets and at major intersections. Most buildings in this area are built to the edge of the sidewalk and have minimal, if any side yards. The resulting development pattern provides an urban “street wall” that contains building entrances and window displays. Coupled with the prevailing building mass, the urban corridors located along these major streets provide a perception of medium to high urban density. On-site landscaping is not extensive in these areas, although portions of these streets are landscaped with street trees and other landscaping.

The “HOLLYWOOD” sign, which is located in the Hollywood Hills to the north of the Project Area, provides a significant visual landmark.. Many views of the sign from the Project Area are unique in their proximity, since the sign was originally intended to be viewed from a regional perspective. Views of the HOLLYWOOD sign are often in conjunction with wider vistas that include the Hollywood Hills. The available viewing locations vary widely throughout the Project Area but are more prevalent while traveling northbound on north/south oriented streets such as Cahuenga Boulevard, Vine Street, Gower Street, and Western Avenue. Views from east/west oriented streets are determined largely by the character of adjacent development. In many cases, existing buildings block views of the sign from streets and properties located within the Project Area. As noted, the significance of the HOLLYWOOD sign extends well beyond the Project Area, as the sign is presently visible from freeways and other areas located at extended distances from the Project Area as well as from the sign itself.

There are some areas within the Hollywood Hills outside of the boundaries of the Project Area from which panoramic vistas of the Los Angeles basin are available. These views can extend to the Pacific Ocean depending on weather conditions.

Significant Physical Features and Land Forms

The topography of the Project Area is generally characterized by a gently southerly slope in the northern portion of the Project Area to generally flat conditions at the southern edge of the Project Area. No notable physical landforms exist within the Project Area. The dominant physical landform located in the vicinity of the Project Area is the Hollywood Hills, located to the north of the Project Area. The Hollywood Hills, which are largely developed with predominantly low density single family residential uses, are visible from varying locations throughout the Project Area. View access to the

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Looking west on Hollywood Boulevard

Looking north at Pantages Theater on Hollywood Blvd

Figure III.C-1 Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Existing Visual Character - Hollywood environmental planning and research Redevelopment Project Area Looking north along Hollywood Blvd., east of the Hollywood Freeway

Example of newer development along major thoroughfares.

Figure III.C-2 Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Existing Visual Character - Hollywood environmental planning and research Redevelopment Project Area Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

Hollywood Hills is largely determined by the location of buildings within the Project Area which can potentially block these views.

Visual Character and Scale

As noted above, the visual character of the major commercial streets (Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard) is driven basically by the nature of the urban development located along the streets, which are characterized by development of moderate to high urban density. The other major commercial streets located within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Santa Monica Boulevard, Western Avenue, Vine Street, Highland Avenue) provide similar visual character, although at a generally lower density than is present along Sunset and Hollywood Boulevards. Development along these streets tends to be lower in height and mass, and some setbacks are provided, including surface parking facilities, that reduces the appearance of urban density.

Residential areas are generally located between the commercial streets and are characterized by mid- to low-density development with higher levels of landscaping than exist along the commercial streets. Building heights are lower (1-3 stories) and building massing is considerably lower than along the commercial corridors. Required front and side yard setbacks diminish the visual perception of a uniform “streetwall”. Development includes areas with a mixture of multifamily apartment buildings and single-family homes (see Figure III.C-3). Overall, the development density in the residential communities of the Project Area is generally lower than along the commercially-oriented streets2.

Natural Open Space Areas

There are presently no substantial natural open space areas within the Project Area. Although some developed park land areas are located within the Project Area, these areas are widely scattered (see Section IV.I.4, Parks and Recreation, of this EIR) and do not constitute a substantial visual resource within the Project Area. Moreover, as documented in Section IV.I.4 of this EIR, the Project Area has a substantial deficit of park land space relative to guidelines established by the City.

The Santa Monica Mountain and Griffith Park areas to the north of the Project Area provide open space resources that are visible from within the Project Area. Although some parts of these areas include low density residential development, much of the area appears in a natural vegetated state from the Project Area. North-south streets within the Project Area generally provide more panoramic vistas of these

2 There are some exceptions to this general pattern. For example, north of Hollywood Boulevard, the residential density/intensity is higher than some portions of the Boulevard between Las Palmas and Cahuenga.

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open space areas at the southern edge of the Project Area, with the views becoming more focused as the viewer approaches the foothills of the Hollywood Hills at the northern edge of the Project Area. Views of these open space resources from east-west streets are intermittently blocked by existing development.

Existing Shadow Patterns

Existing shadow effects within the Project Area are greatest in areas with concentrated high-rise development that are located adjacent to residential neighborhoods and other shadow-sensitive receptors (e.g., parks and schools). The greatest existing concentration of high rise buildings within the Project Area is presently along Sunset Boulevard and portions of Hollywood Boulevard3 and at intersections of major commercial streets. Shadow sensitive receptors that can be found to the north of these existing buildings would have the potential to presently experience shadow impacts. Outside of these areas, within the residential neighborhoods of the Project Area, shadows from existing buildings typically do not provide adverse impacts because building heights are lower and buildings are spaced further apart.

Lighting and Glare

The nighttime lighting environment within the Project Area is generally determined by the existing levels of commercial activity and street lighting. Ambient lighting levels tend to be highest along the major commercial streets in the area and lowest within residential neighborhoods. The dominant nighttime lighting sources are street lights that are installed along all major streets within the Project Area, automobile headlights, building security lighting and parking lot lighting. In addition to these sources, architectural lighting and signage lighting contribute to ambient levels in the Project Area.

Existing sources of glare within the Project Area include buildings, particularly those with glass curtainwall exteriors, automobiles and signage. Most of the existing fixed sources of potential glare (i.e., buildings and signs) have been treated or constructed (i.e., through the use of non-glare glass and coatings) to minimize potential glare effects. Glare reflected from automobiles is transitory. Glare does not presently constitute a safety hazard or substantial annoyance within the Project Area.

3 Hollywood Boulevard between Mccadden and Ivar has a 45 foot height limit with taller, high density housing to the north. Shadow impacts are presently limited in this area.

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Typical apartment complex on side streets south of Sunset Blvd.

Typical single-family residences on side streets.

Figure III.C-3 Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Existing Visual Character - Hollywood environmental planning and research Redevelopment Project Area Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Thresholds of Significance

A significant impact would result if the Proposed Project would:

• Substantially alter the views of the urban streetscape along designated scenic highways;

• Substantially block or eliminate significant vistas from the Project Area;

• Substantially block panoramic vistas from areas outside the Project Area;

• Increase the scale and adversely change the visual character of the area;

• Remove natural open space areas or substantially disrupt views of natural open space areas;

• Result in excessive shadows on residential or other sensitive properties;

• Result in spillover lighting or glare that affects residential or other sensitive properties.

Project Impacts

Maximum Possible Development

Scenic Highways

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could have the effect of increasing development density and filling in portions of the street wall that are presently undeveloped along the segments of Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard that are designated as scenic highways by the Hollywood Community Plan. Such development would reinforce the existing visual character of these street segments. Since the visual environment along these roadways is presently characterized by similar development, no substantial change in the existing environment would occur and impacts would be less than significant.

Scenic Views and Vistas

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could have the effect of reinforcing the existing urban character of the Project Area, which is the predominant visual feature from the east-west streets within the Project Area. Development would also be controlled in a manner which does not affect the historic character of the Hollywood Boulevard historic district (see Section

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III.D of this EIR) such that visual character of Hollywood Boulevard stemming from the historic buildings would not be affected. Impacts related to scenic views within the Project Area would be less than significant.

Development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario in some areas could block existing views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from east-west streets, as it would potentially introduce new buildings into existing view lines from these streets to the sign. Development under the Maximum Possible development scenario would have less effect on views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from north- south streets as these view would not be substantially affected by development occurring adjacent to the street. Views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from the east-west roadways could be significantly impacted.

Presently views of the Los Angeles Basin and, depending upon weather conditions, potentially to the Pacific Ocean are available from most areas within the Hollywood Hills. Views of the basin generally encompass urban development. The character of these panoramic views that include the Project Area would not substantially change as a result of development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario because such development would reinforce the existing urban character of the Project Area and would not affect a large field of view since most development would be on individual parcels rather than large assembled blocks. Views that extend to the Pacific Ocean are from the highest elevations of the Hollywood Hills and would not be affected by development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario because such development would not likely be of sufficient height to substantially block views from such elevations, and would not, even if it were of sufficient height to extend into view lines from the highest elevations of the Hollywood Hills, affect a large field of view. Impacts related to views from the Hollywood Hills would be less than significant.

Significant Physical Features and Landforms

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in the development of new structures of increased height and mass that could result in blockage of existing views of the Hollywood Hills from within the Project Area. Such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets in the Project Area, could be significantly impacted.

Visual Character and Scale

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario would generally have the effect of increasing the development density within the Project Area. Along the most densely developed corridors at present (Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard), construction of new buildings with increased height and mass, along with infill development that emphasizes the existing

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street wall, would reinforce the character of urban development that presently defines the visual environment and would thus be less than significant.

Along the other commercial streets located within the Project Area (Santa Monica Boulevard, Western Avenue, Vine Street, Cahuenga Boulevard, Highland Avenue), the effects of new development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario would likely be more pronounced. These areas currently include less intense development than presently characterizes Hollywood and Sunset Boulevards. New development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be expected to introduce buildings of increased height and mass and reduced or no front and side yard setbacks. As such, the visual character of these commercial corridors would be expected to be similar to that presently existing on Hollywood and Sunset Boulevards. However, because the existing visual environment within the commercial streets in the Project Area is presently characterized by the same kind of urban development, such changes would not be widely noticeable and impacts would be less than significant.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in increased density of residential development within the neighborhoods presently located within the Project Area. Since existing development density is relatively low in some parts of the Project Area that include predominantly residential uses, this increase could be noticeable. The change in the visual environment that would result from increased development density in residential areas would be a significant impact.

Open Space

Since no substantial open space resources presently exist within the Project Area, development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario would not have the potential to affect open space resources within the Project Area. Impacts related to open space within the Project Area would be less than significant.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, existing views of open space areas outside the Project Area, including the Santa Monica Mountains and Griffith Park, could potentially be blocked by new buildings that could result from the Maximum Possible development scenario. Such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets within the Project Area, could be significantly impacted.

Shadow Impacts

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area than is presently affected by existing structures within the Project Area. These shadows could potentially affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential shadow impacts resulting from new development under the Maximum Possible development scenario could be significant.

Lighting and Glare

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could introduce new sources of lighting within the Project Area, including building security lighting, lighted signage, street lighting, parking lot and structure lighting and automobile headlights. Such lighting sources could potentially spill over into residential areas and other sensitive uses. These potential impacts could be significant.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario could introduce new sources of glare within the Project Area, including glass facades on buildings, new metallic signs and increased automobile traffic. Potential sources of glare resulting from new buildings and signs could adversely affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential sources of glare associated with automobile traffic would continue to be transitory and would not significantly affect residential or other sensitive uses. Impacts associated with glare generation from buildings and signs could be significant.

Moderate

Scenic Highways

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could have a similar effect of increasing development density and filling in portions of the street wall that are presently undeveloped along the segments of Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard that are designated as scenic highways by the Hollywood Community Plan. Impacts would therefore be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

Significant Vistas

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could have the effect of reinforcing the existing urban character of the Project Area and would be controlled in a similar manner to the Maximum Possible development scenario such that visual character of Hollywood Boulevard stemming from existing historic buildings would not be affected. Impacts related to scenic views within the Project Area would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

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Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario in some areas could block existing views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from east-west streets, in a similar manner as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Development under the Moderate development scenario would have less effect on views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from north-south streets as these views would not be substantially affected by development occurring adjacent to the street Views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from the east-west roadways could be significantly impacted.

The character of panoramic views from the Hollywood Hills that include the Project Area would not substantially change as a result of development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario because such development would reinforce the existing urban character of the Project Area and would not affect a large field of view since most development would be on individual parcels rather than large assembled blocks. Views that extend to the Pacific Ocean would be affected by development occurring under the Moderate development scenario to a similar extent as the Maximum Possible development scenario because such development would not likely be of sufficient height to substantially block views and would not impact a large field of view. Impacts related to views from the Hollywood Hills would be less than significant under the Moderate development scenario.

Significant Physical Features and Landforms

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could result in the development of new structures of increased height and mass that could result in blockage of existing views of the Hollywood Hills from within the Project Area. Such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets in the Project Area, could be significantly impacted.

Visual Character and Scale

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would generally have the effect of increasing the development density within the Project Area, including along the most densely developed corridors (Hollywood Boulevard, Sunset Boulevard) as well as the remaining commercial corridors, similar to the effects of development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Since the existing visual environment within the commercial streets in the Project Area is presently characterized by the same kind of urban development, such changes would not be widely noticeable and impacts would be less than significant under the Moderate development scenario.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could result in increased density of residential development within the neighborhoods presently located within the Project Area. Since existing development density is relatively low in some parts of the Project Area that include

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predominantly residential uses, this increase could be noticeable. The change in the visual environment that would result from increased development density in residential areas would be a significant impact.

Open Space

Since no substantial open space resources presently exist within the Project Area, development projected to occur under the Moderate development scenario would not have the potential to affect open space resources within the Project Area. Impacts related to open space within the Project Area would be less than significant.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, existing views of open space areas outside the Project Area, including the Santa Monica Mountains and Griffith Park, could potentially be blocked by new buildings that could result from the Moderate development scenario. Such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets within the Project Area, could be significantly impacted.

Shadow Impacts

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could result in the construction of new buildings with increased height and mass that could cast shadows over a broader area than is presently affected by existing structures within the Project Area. These shadows could potentially affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential shadow impacts resulting from new development under the Moderate development scenario could be significant.

Lighting and Glare

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could introduce new sources of glare within the Project Area that would be similar to those resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario. Potential sources of glare resulting from new buildings and signs could adversely affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential sources of glare associated with automobile traffic would be transitory and would not significantly affect residential or other sensitive uses. Impacts associated with glare generation from buildings and signs could be significant.

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Minimum

Scenic Highways

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could have a similar effect of increasing development density and filling in portions of the street wall that are presently undeveloped along the segments of Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard that are designated as scenic highways by the Hollywood Community Plan. Impacts would therefore be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

Significant Vistas

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could have the effect of reinforcing the existing urban character of the Project Area and would be controlled in a similar manner to the Maximum Possible development scenario such that visual character of Hollywood Boulevard stemming from existing historic buildings would not be affected. Impacts related to scenic views within the Project Area would be similar to the Maximum Possible development scenario and less than significant.

Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario in some areas could block existing views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from east-west streets, in a similar manner as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Development under the Minimum development scenario would have less effect on views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from north-south streets as these views would not be substantially affected by development occurring adjacent to the street Views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from the east-west roadways could be significantly impacted.

The character of panoramic views from the Hollywood Hills that include the Project Area would not substantially change as a result of development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario as such development would reinforce the existing urban character of the Project Area. Views that extend to the Pacific Ocean would be affected by development occurring under the Minimum development scenario to a similar extent as the Maximum Possible development scenario because such development would not likely be of sufficient height to completely block views and would not impact a large field of view. Impacts related to views from the Hollywood Hills would be less than significant under the Minimum development scenario.

Significant Physical Features and Landforms

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could result in the development of new structures of increased height and mass that could result in blockage of existing views of the

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Hollywood Hills from within the Project Area. Such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets in the Project Area, could be significantly impacted.

Visual Character and Scale

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would generally have the effect of increasing the development density within the Project Area, including along the most densely developed corridors (Hollywood Boulevard, Sunset Boulevard) as well as the remaining commercial corridors, similar to the effects of development occurring under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Since the existing visual environment within the commercial streets in the Project Area is presently characterized by the same kind of urban development, such changes would not be widely noticeable and impacts would be less than significant under the Minimum development scenario.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could result in increased density of residential development within the neighborhoods presently located within the Project Area. Since existing development density is relatively low in some parts of the Project Area that include predominantly residential uses, this increase could be noticeable. The change in the visual environment that would result from increased development density in residential areas would be a significant impact.

Open Space

Since no substantial open space resources presently exist within the Project Area, development projected to occur under the Minimum development scenario would not have the potential to affect open space resources within the Project Area. Impacts related to open space within the Project Area would be less than significant.

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, existing views of open space areas outside the Project Area, including the Santa Monica Mountains and Griffith Park, could potentially be blocked by new buildings that could result from the Minimum development scenario. Such views, which would be predominantly experienced from the east-west streets within the Project Area, could be significantly impacted.

Shadow Impacts

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could result in the construction of new buildings with increased height and mass that could cast shadows over a broader area than is presently affected by existing structures within the Project Area. These shadows could potentially

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affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential shadow impacts resulting from new development under the Minimum development scenario could be significant.

Lighting and Glare

Depending upon design characteristics of individual projects that cannot presently be known, development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could introduce new sources of glare within the Project Area that would be similar to those resulting from the Maximum Possible development scenario. Potential sources of glare resulting from new buildings and signs could adversely affect residential and other sensitive uses. Potential sources of glare associated with automobile traffic would be transitory and would not significantly affect residential or other sensitive uses. Impacts associated with glare generation from buildings and signs could be significant.

CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

Cumulative effects of the development scenarios in conjunction with other development projected to occur within the Project Area would result in the potential for significant impacts for those areas where the development scenarios are projected to result in significant effects. These areas include blockage of views of the Hollywood Hills, HOLLYWOOD sign and open space areas outside the Project Area, increased development density in existing low density residential areas, shadow effects and lighting and glare impacts. In each of these areas, development occurring under the development scenarios would contribute to significant cumulative impacts, as similar effects would be expected to result from development occurring under the No Project scenario. In all other areas related to visual and aesthetic impacts (i.e., scenic highways, increased development density in commercial areas, open space areas within the Project Area), the impacts of the development scenarios in conjunction with the No Project scenario would result in less than significant impacts for the same reasons that would be applicable to the development scenarios.

MITIGATION MEASURES

The following mitigation measures shall be applied to future projects within the Project Area to address significant cumulative impacts related to view blockage, increased development density in residential areas, shadow impacts and lighting impacts:

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View Blockage

• The Agency shall review any development project within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area that would block an existing view of the Hollywood Hills, HOLLYWOOD sign or open space areas outside the Project Area (i.e., Santa Monica Mountains, Griffith Park) and work with the project applicant to determine whether design features can be included which would preserve a portion of the available view. Such design changes could include building setbacks, preservation of view corridors between buildings in multi building projects, stepbacks of upper floors that allow partial preservation of existing view lines and preservation of view lines through building design such as is presently provided at Hollywood & Highland4

Development Density in Residential Areas

Shadow Impacts

4 The Hollywood & Highland project included in its design a view corridor framed by project structures that preserved views of the HOLLYWOOD sign from the sidewalk on Hollywood Boulevard.

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Lighting Impacts

Glare Impacts

• Building plans for proposed structures or signs located adjacent to existing residences or other sensitive uses shall be reviewed by the Agency to determine whether such structures or signs could create glare impacts that would extend off-site. The Agency shall require that such projects utilize non-glare glass and other non-reflective materials that would not result in generation of glare that can be seen beyond the boundaries of the site containing the building or sign. Because no impacts related to scenic highways, increased development density in commercial areas or open space within the Project Area were identified to result from any of the development scenarios, no mitigation measures are required.

LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION

The mitigation measures identified above would work to reduce the potential significant effects that could result with regard to view blockage, development density in residential areas, shadow impacts and lighting impacts. However, with respect to view blockage, development density in residential areas and shadow impacts, it is not certain that feasible design changes would be available to address the project-specific impacts. Thus it could not be certain that feasible mitigation measures would be available that would reduce impacts to less than significant levels. Therefore impacts of development projected to occur under the Maximum Possible, Moderate and Minimum development scenarios related to view blockage, development density in residential areas and shadow impacts would be significant and unavoidable.

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III. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS D. CULTURAL RESOURCES

This section discusses the cultural resources within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Project Area). It is based upon a survey of the Project Area conducted by Myra L. Frank & Associates. The complete listing of cultural resources identified through this survey is included in Appendix G to this EIR.

ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

Historic Resources

Regulatory Environment

National Register of Historic Places

First authorized by the Historic Sites Act of 1935, the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) was established by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 as “an authoritative guide to be used by Federal, state and local governments, private groups and citizens to identify the Nation’s cultural resources and to indicate what properties should be considered for protection from destruction or impairment.” The National Register recognizes properties that are significant at the national, state and local levels. According to the National Register, the quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and:

• That are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history (Criterion A); or

• That are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past (Criterion B); or

• That embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction (Criterion C); or

• That have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history (Criterion D).

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Ordinarily cemeteries, birthplaces, or graves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have been moved from their original locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years are not considered eligible for the National Register, unless they satisfy certain conditions.

California Register of Historical Resources

The California Register of Historical Resources (California Register) was established to be a comprehensive listing of California’s historical resources, including those of national, state and local significance. The California Register was established in 1992 by the State Legislature with the passage of Assembly Bill (AB) 2881. The criteria for listing in the California Register are consistent with those developed for the National Register, but have been modified for State use. The types of resources which may be eligible for listing include buildings, sites, structures, objects, and historic districts. Resources must be significant at the local, state, or national level under one or more of the following criteria:

• It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States (Criterion 1);

• It is associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history (Criterion 2);

• It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic values (Criterion 3); or

• It has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important tot he prehistory or history of the local area, California, or the nation.

Resources eligible for listing in the California Register must retain enough of their historic character or appearance to be recognizable as historic resources and to convey the reasons for their significance. It is possible that resources which may not retain sufficient integrity for listing in the National Register may still be eligible for the California Register. Buildings, structures, or objects that have been moved or reconstructed, and resources that have achieved significance within the past 50 years may also be considered for listing in the California Register under specific circumstances.

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California Office of Historic Preservation Survey

The State of California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) utilizes a three character evaluation code consisting of 7 categories to specify National Register eligibility. The evaluation instructions and classification system used by OHP are provided in its Instructions for Recording Historical Resources. The first character indicates one of the following general evaluation categories for use in conducting cultural resource surveys:

1) Listed on the National Register of Historic Places

2) Determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places

3) Appears eligible for the National Register of Historic Places

4) May become eligible for the National Register of Historic Places

5) Not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, but of local interest

6) None of the above

7) Undetermined

The second character is a letter code indicating whether the resource is separately eligible (S), eligible as part of a district (D), or both (B). The third character is a number which is used to further specify whether or not a resource is eligible under a local ordinance. Under this system, categories 1 through 4 pertain to various levels of National Register eligibility. California Register eligibility, however, may include surveyed resources through level 5 (e.g., structures evaluated as of local interest in the planning process even if they are ineligible for listing in the National Register).

City of Los Angeles Historic Cultural Monuments

The Los Angeles Administrative Code, Section 22.130, defines a historical or cultural monument as “any site (including significant trees or other plant life location thereon), building or structure of particular historic or cultural significance to the City of Los Angeles, such as historic structures or sites in which the broad cultural, political, economic, or social history of the nation, state, or community is reflected or exemplified, or which are identified with historic personages or with important events in the main currents of national, state, or local history, or which embody the distinguishing characteristics of an architectural-type specimen, inherently

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valuable for a study of a period style or method of construction, or a notable work of a master builder, designer, or architect whose individual genius influenced his age.”

Hollywood Redevelopment Plan

The Hollywood Redevelopment Plan includes provisions related to the retention and preservation of historic or cultural resources in the Project Area, particularly those related to the entertainment industry. Section 409.1 of the Redevelopment Plan contains standards for rehabilitation and conservation of historic resources in the Project Area. Section 511 of the Redevelopment Plan addresses the preservation, rehabilitation and retention of properties within the Project Area. The adopted Redevelopment Plan states that the Agency must delay issuance of any grading, foundation, demolition, building or any other kind of permit which the Agency determines would adversely affect any building or resource determined by the Agency to be architecturally or historically significant for up to 180 days and shall commence negotiation with all parties concerned to seek to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts on the architecturally or historically significant resource. Negotiations may be extended up to an additional 180 days.

Historic Resources Identification

There are approximately 448 properties in the Project Area that contain historic resources listed or eligible for listing on the California Register. This is based on an update of the historic surveys prepared for the Agency in 1985 and updated in 1994.

This updated historic survey included an architectural/historical records and documentation search of the Project Area that was undertaken between February and November 2001. Lists from various national, state and local agencies were consulted for identification of resources of known architectural or historical significance within the study area. These lists included the National Register of Historic Places, California Historical Landmarks, California Points of Historic Interest, the California Historic Resources Inventory System (CHRIS) database of the State Office of Historic Preservation and the City of Los Angeles List of Historic-Cultural Monuments. In addition, Los Angeles: An Architectural Guide by David Gebhard & Robert Winter, 1994, was consulted for information on additional buildings with architectural significance. It also included a field survey conducted by qualified architectural historians between October 2001 and March 2002.

These results have been divided into five basic categories of relative significance according to recommended National and California Register eligibility. Categories 1 and 2, listed in and determined eligible for listing in the National Register, are automatically listed in the California

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Register of Historical Resources. The results are summarized in Table III-D-1 and are provided in detail in Appendix G to this EIR.1

As shown in the table below, 57 historical resources are buildings that contribute to the significance of the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. This historic district extends from 6200 to 7000 Hollywood Boulevard and includes parcels on Vine Street, Highland Avenue, and Ivar Street.

Of the 448 historical resources identified in the Project Area, 26 have been designated as City of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments. Figure III.D-1 shows the location of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments within the Project Area.

Archaeological Resources

The South Central Coastal Information Center, California State University, Fullerton, conducted an archaeological records search of the project area on March 4, 2002 The search included a review of all recorded historic and prehistoric archaeological sites within the project area. In addition, a review of all known cultural resource survey and excavation reports was conducted utilizing maps and data bases for the National Register of Historic Places, California State Historic Resources Inventory, the California Points of Historical Interest, and the listing of California Historical Landmarks. None are listed on the National Register Archaeological Determination of Eligibility list.

No prehistoric archaeological sites have been identified within a 1/4-mile radius of the Project Area. One historic archaeological site (19-002393) has been identified within 1/4-mile of the Project Area boundaries. It is located within the Project Area and is not listed on the National Register Archaeological Determination of Eligibility list.

1 The results of the 2001-2002 survey represent a “snapshot” of the historic resources located within the Project Area at the time of the survey. Over time, additional resources would be expected to be added to the listing of resources as they become eligible and meet the California Register criteria, while other resources might fall off the list as a result of losing their eligibility for listing on the California Register due to deterioration or damage.

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Table III.D-1 Significant Historic Resources in the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area

Number of National Register or California Register Status Resources

1. Individually Listed on the National Register and California Register 8

1D. Listed on the National Register and California Register as a contributing 57 feature of the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial And Entertainment District, which was listed in the National Register on April 4, 1985.

2. Determined eligible for the National Register and Listed on the 12 California Register

2D. Determined eligible for the National Register and Listed on the 110 California Register as a contributing feature to an historic district

3. Appears individually eligible for the National Register and California 44 Register

3D. Appears eligible for the National Register and California Register as a 4 contributing feature to an historic district

4. Potentially individually eligible for the National Register and California 9 Register

4D2. Potentially eligible for the National Register and California Register as a 6 contributing feature in a discontiguous thematic Hollywood Motel District*

5S1. Individually listed on or eligible for the California Register or a local 106 landmark ordinance (not already counted above)

5D. Listed on or eligible for the California Register or a local landmark 92 ordinance (not already counted above) as a contributing feature of an historic district

Total 448

Source: Myra L. Frank & Associates, Inc., 2002.

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#406#192 #248

#226 (Site of) #567 #448 #193 #55 #453 #227 #572 #334 #27#497 5 #382#336 #545 #584 #441

#134

#180 #58

#463 #165

#55 6925 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #277 6840 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #58 1416 LA BREA AVENUE #316 6439 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #134 6671 SUNSET BOULEVARD #334 6381 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #165 1355 CAHUENGA BOULEVARD #336 5500 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #545 7000 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #180 5800 SUNSET BOULEVARD #382 5524 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #567 1750 NORTH ARGYLE AVENUE #192 6917 FRANKLIN AVENUE #406 7001 FRANKLIN AVENUE #572 6423 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #193 6233 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #441 5552 CARLTON WAY #584 6708 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #194 HOLLYWOOD WALK OF FAME** #448 1720 WHITLEY AVENUE #226 (Site of) 1765 SYCAMORE AVENUE #453 6727-6733 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD **Hollywood Boulevard between Gower Street and #227 6541 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD #463 6141 AFTON PLACE Sycamore Avenue and Vine Street between #248 6817 FRANKLIN AVENUE #495 6834 HOLLYWOOD BOULEVARD Yucca Street and Sunset Boulevard.

Source: Myra L. Frank & Associates 2002.

Christopher A. Joseph & Associates Figure III.D-1 environmental planning and research City of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles February 2003

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Threshold of Significance

For the purposes of this EIR and in accordance with California Public Resource Code §21084.1, the Proposed Project would have a significant effect on the environment if development associated with any of the development scenarios would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in Section 15064.5(b) of the CEQA Guidelines, as follows:

• “Substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource” means physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of an historical resource would be materially impaired.

• The significance of an historical resource is materially impaired when a project: (A) Demolishes or materially alters in an adverse manner those physical characteristics of an historical resource that convey its historical significance and that justify its inclusion in the California Register of Historical Resources.”

In accordance with Section 15064.5(c) of the CEQA Guidelines, development associated with the potential development scenarios would have a significant adverse impact on archaeological resources if it results in:

• A substantial adverse change in the significance criteria of an archaeological resource pursuant to Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines;

• Disturbance of any human remains, including those interred outside a formal cemetery; or;

• Impacts on Native American resources with a potential for affecting sites considered important for their position in the Native American physical universe or belief system, and/or the possibility of reduced access to traditional areas or sacred sites.

Project Impacts

Historical Resources

Typical project impacts that may "disrupt or adversely affect...a property of historic or cultural significance" or cause a "substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource" may include: demolition or substantial alteration without consideration of historic

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features; incompatible massing, size, scale or architectural style of new development on adjacent properties; obstruction or extensive shading of significant views to and from the property by new development; incompatible use of an existing structure; disruption of integrity of setting; and long term loss of access to the property. The level of significance for an effect is dependent upon the existing integrity and nature of contributing elements to its historic or cultural significance, and the sensitivity of the current or historic use of the resource.

Maximum Possible Development. Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, a net change from existing conditions up to 18.3 million commercial sq.ft. and 1,500 housing units could occur. The likelihood that any of the new development would affect historical resources is dependent upon the proximity of the proposed development to any of the 448 identified historical resources, 89 of which are located in the Hollywood Commercial and Entertainment National Register districts. Any future development project that is located on or in the proximity of any of the 448 identified historical resources located within the Project Area would have the potential to result in a significant impact to historical resources. Any future development project within the Project Area that would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource would represent a significant impact related to historical resources.

Moderate. This alternative would allow a net change from existing conditions up to 10 million commercial sq.ft. and 2,700 housing units. Since development under the Moderate development scenario could occur on or near parcels within the Project Area that presently contain identified historical resources, impacts under the Moderate development scenario would be potentially significant. Any future development project within the Project Area that would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource would represent a significant impact on historical resources.

Minimum. This alternative would allow a net change from existing conditions up to 8.5 million commercial sq.ft. and 3,000 housing units. . Because development under the Minimum development scenario could occur on or near parcels within the Project Area that presently contain identified historical resources and could thus result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource, impacts under the Minimum development scenario would be potentially significant. Any future development project within the Project Area that would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource would represent a significant impact on historical resources.

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Archaeological Resources

Maximum Possible Development. Depending upon the characteristics of future development projects that cannot presently be known, construction activity which could occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario could involve major ground disturbance such as grading or excavation. The extent of this activity would be dependent upon the site area to be disturbed and the development density associated with the project (i.e., lower density projects would have the potential to disturb larger site areas). This activity would have the potential to disturb, scatter or relocate archaeological resources and would thus be potentially significant. The level of significance for an effect would be dependent upon the existing integrity and nature of the archaeological deposit. To the extent that such activity would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance criteria of an archaeological resource, significant impacts related to archaeological resources would occur.

Moderate. To the extent that ground disturbance activity associated with development occurring under the Moderate development scenario would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource, impacts related to archaeological resources under the Moderate development scenario would be significant.

Minimum. To the extent that ground disturbance activity associated with development occurring under the Minimum development scenario would cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource, impacts related to archaeological resources under the Minimum development scenario would be significant.

CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

Cumulative impacts related to cultural resources could occur to the extent that multiple future development projects within the Project Area were to result in significant impacts to multiple identified historic resources. Mitigation measures set forth below would address potential impacts to cultural resources that would reduce impacts to cultural resource to less than significant levels and thus no significant cumulative impacts related to cultural resources would occur.

MITIGATION MEASURES

The following mitigation measures shall be implemented for all future development projects within the Project Area that are located on or in proximity to parcels containing identified cultural resources:

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Historical Resources

• In the event that a future development project within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area is proposed on or in proximity to a site containing an historical resource identified in the survey contained in Appendix G to this EIR, the Agency shall require a study to be made by a qualified architectural historian to determine whether the proposed development project would result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of the historical resource. If the study concludes that the project would not result in a substantial adverse change in the significance of the historical resource, no further action would be required.

• If negotiations with all concerned parties do not identify alternatives to a proposal that would significantly affect an historic resource, then the impact shall be deemed to be a new significant environmental effect requiring major revisions of the previous EIR as it applies to the project per State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 and a Supplemental EIR shall be prepared for the project which addresses the impacts to the affected historical resource and identifies overriding considerations for approving the project, if any, per State CEQA Guidelines Section 15093.

• The preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, reconstruction or adaptive reuse of architecturally or historically significant buildings shall meet the U.S. Secretary of the

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Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation. Any proposal that would be in accordance with the Secretary’s Standards shall not be deemed to be a significant impact under CEQA.

Archaeological Resources

• In the event that unanticipated cultural resource remains are encountered during development or construction-related activities within the limits of the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area, the grading or construction activity shall be immediately halted and a Society of Professional Archaeologists-qualified archaeologist shall be contacted to assess the significance of any discovered resource before such activity is permitted to resume.

LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION

With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above, impacts to cultural resources would be less than significant.

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III. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS E. POPULATION, HOUSING, AND EMPLOYMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

Population

As shown in Table III.E-1, the estimated population of the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area (Project Area) is 46,343 persons, with an average household size of 2.25 persons (based on Census 2000 data1). The population density within the Project Area is approximately 42 persons per acre, which is significantly higher than the Los Angeles citywide average density of 12 persons per acre. This density is due to the high number of multi-family residences located throughout the Project Area.

Housing

Several residential neighborhoods are located within the Project Area. These neighborhoods are set back from the major commercial streets. There are approximately 21,589 housing units in the Project Area (Census 2000).

Employment

Commercial uses in the Project Area are generally concentrated along the major streets within the area, including Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard in the east-west direction, and La Brea Avenue, Highland Avenue, Cahuenga Boulevard, Vine Street, and Western Avenue in the north-south direction. Based upon SCAG estimates, approximately 35,243 persons are employed within the Project Area.

The Project Area is also home to a large concentration of entertainment industry activity, including recording studios, post-production and production support business, live theaters, and historic movie houses.

SCAG projections of future growth within the Project Area indicate that, by 2025, the Project Area will include 63,289 persons (36.6% increase), 25,853 housing units (19.8% increase) and 36,962 jobs (4.9% increase).

1 Census tracts and/or blocks located within the Project Area are: 1901; 1092; 1903.01; 1904 blocks 1003 and 1004; 1905.10; 1907; 1908; 1909.01; 1909.02; 1910; 1911.10 blocks 2001 and 2002; and, 1911.20 blocks 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005.

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Table III.E-1 Existing Total and Projected Increases in Housing, Population, and Employment

Projected Increase Under Development Scenario Existing No Project Maximum Moderate Minimum Possible Housing 21,589 units 1,800 units 1,500 units 2,700 units 3,000 units

Population 46,343 persons 4,050 persons 3,375 persons 6,075 persons 6,750 persons

Employment 35,243 jobs 21,097 jobs 43,235 jobs 23,804 jobs 20,165 jobs

Source: Census 2000; SCAG population projections; Myra L. Frank & Associates, Inc. 2002

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Significance Criteria

For the purposes of this EIR, the Proposed Project would result in a significant impact on population, housing, or employment if it:

• displaces a large number of housing units, people, businesses, or employees;

• substantially increases the demand for new housing; and/or,

• substantially increases the population or concentration of population in areas which are unable to support such concentrations.

Project Impacts

Maximum Possible Development

Residential and Business Displacement. Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, existing commercial development and residential units could be displaced as redevelopment occurs. No involuntary residential displacements would result from the Proposed Project as eminent domain authority would not be extended to properties upon which persons lawfully reside under a condition of the proposed Plan Amendment. Potential commercial displacement would represent a significant impact.

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Population and Employment Growth. Under the Maximum Possible development scenario, a net population increase of 3,375 persons in the Redevelopment Project Area is projected, assuming an average Project Area household size of 2.25 persons per household (see Table III.E-1). This would represent a 7.2 percent increase in the existing population in the Project Area. This increase in population growth, however, would be within the 36.6 percent increase in population for the Project Area projected by the Southern California Association of Governments to occur by 2025.

Employment growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario2 could result in an increase of approximately 22,000 jobs over the No Project scenario, and approximately 43,000 jobs over existing conditions within the Project Area. This would represent a 123% increase over existing employment levels, which would exceed the SCAG projection of a 4.9% increase.

However, the potential concentration of employment in this area of the City that would occur under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be consistent with the regional growth management policies discussed in detail in Section III.B, Land Use. These policies promote development and redevelopment activity in existing developed areas that are well- served by existing transit and transportation infrastructure. These policies also promote growth and development in areas within the developed urban core of the City that do not require extension of other major infrastructure systems. Projected employment growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be more easily accommodated with fewer environmental impacts within the Project Area than if such growth were to occur in outlying areas. In addition, projected employment growth would enhance the economic base of the Hollywood community and thereby work toward the elimination of blight, promote improvements in the standard of living of the residents of the Redevelopment Project Area and improve the existing infrastructure and public services within the Redevelopment Project Area. Implementation of redevelopment activity within the Project Area would promote these regional growth management policies. Therefore, even though this development scenario would exceed the numeric growth forecasts provided by SCAG, the projected employment growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario would not represent a significant impact.

Housing Demand. The projected increase in employment within the Project Area under the Maximum Possible development scenario could result in increased demand for housing. Although additional residential development is projected to occur under this development scenario (a net increase of 1,500 units in the Project Area) and the Proposed Project would support the development of affordable housing within the Project Area, projected housing growth would occur at a lower rate than the projected employment growth under this development scenario. However, because the projected employment growth under this scenario

2 Employees were calculated using the Institute of Transportation Engineers Trip Generation, 5th ed., employment generation factors for specialized retail, general office, and light industrial space.

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would be concentrated in an area of the City served by the Metro Rail Red Line, the backbone of the regional transit system, the jobs that would be located within the Project Area would be accessible from a larger area within the region. In addition, some of the induced housing demand associated with projected employment growth could be accommodated in other transit station areas located outside the Project Area, as promoted under regional growth management plans. Therefore, impacts associated with induced housing growth under the Maximum Possible development scenario would be less than significant.

Moderate

Residential and Business Displacement. Development occurring under the Moderate development scenario could occur on parcels presently occupied by commercial buildings and residential units. No involuntary residential displacement would occur under this development scenario. Potential impacts related to commercial displacement would be significant.

Population and Employment Growth. Under the Moderate development scenario, a net population increase of 6,075 persons in the Redevelopment Project Area is projected, assuming an average Project Area household size of 2.25 persons per household (see Table III.E-1). This would represent a 13.1 percent increase from the existing population in the Project Area. This increase in population growth, however, would be within the 36.6 percent increase in population for the Project Area projected by the Southern California Association of Governments to occur by 2025.

Implementation of redevelopment activity in this area of the City would result in the concentration of employment in this area of the City under the Moderate development scenario. This development would promote regional growth management policies to a similar extent as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, even though this development scenario would exceed the numeric growth forecasts provided by SCAG, the projected employment growth under the Moderate development scenario would not represent a significant impact.

Housing Demand. The projected increase in employment within the Project Area under the Moderate development scenario could result in increased demand for housing. Although additional residential development is projected to occur under this development scenario (a net increase of 2,700 units in the Project Area) and the Proposed Project would support the

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development of affordable housing within the Redevelopment Project Area, projected housing growth would occur at a lower rate than the projected employment growth under this development scenario. Since projected employment growth under this development scenario would be lower, and projected housing growth would be higher, than the Maximum Possible development scenario, the effects of induced housing growth under the Moderate development scenario would be lower than under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Since the location of this growth would provide wider accessibility to jobs because of access to the regional transportation system and potential accommodation of induced housing demand within transit station areas outside the Project Area, impacts of the Moderate development scenario related to induced housing growth would be less than significant.

Minimum

Residential and Business Displacement. Development occurring under the Minimum development scenario could occur on parcels presently occupied by commercial buildings and residential units. No involuntary residential displacement would occur under this development scenario. Potential impacts related to commercial displacement would be significant.

Population and Employment Growth. Under the Minimum development scenario, a net population increase of 6,750 persons in the Redevelopment Project Area is projected, assuming an average Project Area household size of 2.25 persons per household (see Table III.E-1). This would represent a 14.6 percent increase from the existing population in the Project Area. This increase in population growth, however, would be within the 36.6 percent increase in population for the Project Area projected by the Southern California Association of Governments to occur by 2025.

Implementation of redevelopment activity in this area of the City would result in the concentration of employment in this area of the City under the Minimum development scenario. This development would promote regional growth management policies to a similar extent as under the Maximum Possible development scenario. Therefore, even though this development scenario would exceed the numeric growth forecasts provided by SCAG, the projected employment growth under the Minimum development scenario would not represent a significant impact.

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Housing Demand. The projected increase in employment within the Project Area under the Minimum development scenario could result in increased demand for housing. Although additional residential development is projected to occur under this development scenario (a net increase of approximately 3,000 units in the Project Area) and the Proposed Project would support the development of affordable housing within the Redevelopment Project Area, projected housing growth would occur at a lower rate than the projected employment growth under this development scenario. At the same time, under this development scenario, induced housing demand would be accommodated to a greater degree than the other development scenarios, since the Minimum development scenario would provide for 900 fewer jobs, but 1,200 more housing units than under the No Project alternative. In addition, because projected employment growth under this development scenario would be lower, and projected housing growth would be higher, than under the Maximum Possible and Moderate development scenarios, the effects of induced housing growth under the Minimum development scenario would be lower than under the Maximum Possible and Moderate development scenarios. Since the location of this growth would provide wider accessibility to jobs because of access to the regional transportation system and potential accommodation of induced housing demand within transit station areas outside the Project Area, impacts of the Minimum development scenario related to induced housing growth would be less than significant.

CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

The analyses presented above include the potential effects of cumulative growth within the Hollywood Redevelopment Project Area because the assessment of potential impacts is based upon total projected growth within the Redevelopment Project Area, including that associated with the No Project scenario. No additional cumulative effects related to population, housing or employment would result from the Proposed Project.

MITIGATION MEASURES

The following mitigation measures shall be implemented for future development projects within the Project Area to address significant impacts related to commercial displacement:

• Displaced business property owners and tenants shall receive assistance under the established state and local relocation assistance procedures as explained below:

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◊ Redevelopment activities could result in the displacement of existing business uses. This displacement would take place in situations where underutilized commercial properties or deteriorated commercial properties are redeveloped

◊ In cases where the CRA provides funding or assists in assembling land for the development of a site, the CRA may provide businesses displaced on the project site with assistance in finding a suitable replacement facility, with preference to relocating within the proposed Project Area. Displaced businesses would also be provided relocation assistance in accordance with the requirements of the State of California Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1974, revised effective January 1991, (California Government Code, Chapter 16, Sections 7260-7277). The state law establishes a uniform policy for the fair and equitable treatment of persons and businesses displaced due to a direct result of programs or projects undertaken by a public entity. The Relocation Assistance Act shall be administered in a manner that is consistent with fair housing requirements and that assures all persons their rights under Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (Public Law 90-284), and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION

Displacement

Impacts related to potential residential displacement would be less than significant. With implementation of the mitigation measures listed above, impacts of the Proposed Project related to potential commercial displacement would be less than significant.

Population and Employment Growth

Impacts of the Proposed Project related to population and employment growth would be less than significant.

Housing Demand

Impacts of the Proposed Project related to induced housing demand would be less than significant.

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