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Supremacy of Dutch in Travancore (1700-1753)
http://www.epitomejournals.com Vol. 4, Issue 6, June 2018, ISSN: 2395-6968 SUPREMACY OF DUTCH IN TRAVANCORE (1700-1753) Dr. B. SHEEBA KUMARI, Assistant Professor, Department of History, S. T. Hindu College, Nagercoil - 629 002. ABSTRACT in Travancore especially the Dutch from 1700 to 1753 A.D. was noted worthy in Travancore, a premier princely state of the history of the state. In this context, this south India politically, occupied an paper high lights the part of the Dutch to important place in Travancore history. On attain the political supremacy in the eve of the eighteenth century the Travancore. erstwhile state Travancore was almost like KEYWORDS a political Kaleidoscope which was greatly Travancore, Kulachal, Dutch Army, disturbed by internal and external Ettuveettil Pillamar, Marthanda Varma, dissensions. The internal feuds coupled Elayadathu Swarupam with machinations of the European powers. Struggled for political supremacy RESEARCH PAPER Travancore the princely state became an attractive for the colonists of the west from seventeenth century onwards. The Portuguese, the Dutch and the English developed commercial relations with the state of Travancore1. Among the Europeans the Portuguese 70 BSK Impact Factor = 3.656 Dr. Pramod Ambadasrao Pawar, Editor-in-Chief ©EIJMR All rights reserved. http://www.epitomejournals.com Vol. 4, Issue 6, June 2018, ISSN: 2395-6968 were the first to develop commercial contacts with the princes, and establish and fortress in the regions2. Their possessions were taken over by the later adventurers, the Dutch3. The aim of the Dutch in the beginning of the seventeenth century was to take over the whole of the Portuguese trading empire in Asia. -
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ISSN: 2393-8900 Impact Factor : 2.7825(UIF) Volume - 7 | Issue - 2 | Oct - 2020 Historicity Research Journal ________________________________________________________________________________________ EVOLUTION OF MODERN JUDICIAL SYSTEM AND JUDICIAL MANAGEMENT IN TRAVANCORE KINGDOM Dr. S. Pushpalatha1 and Mrs. B.Amutha2 1Assistant Professor & Head (i/c), Department of History, DDE, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai . 2(Reg. No: P5105) Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of History, DDE, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai. ABSTRACT In the history of Travancore Kingdom, there had been a series of changes in judicial system that led to the development of current system of judiciary. During the reign of Marthanda Varma, criminal disputes were disposed in front of the King or Dewan in Padmanabhapuram Palace while petty cases were disposed by local landlords. Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma had empowered the Manikarens, Adhikaries and Proverthikars to settle the disputes in administrative divisions. In the reign of Gowri Lakshmi Bai (1791– 1814), District Courts at Padmanabhapuram, Mavelikara, Trivandrum, Vaikam and Alwaye were established in 1811 and these courts had two judges from Nair or Christian community and a Brahmin Sastri and the ancient Hindu Law was followed in the courts. In addition, a Huzhur court was also established to hear the disputes of Government servants. In 1831 C.E., Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma established Munsiff’s courts for disposal of petty civil cases and police cases, for which a munsiff from the British India was appointed in each court. One year after that, Zilla courts were established in each district and a code of regulations was framed in the British style for hearing the cases in 1834. -
The Legend Marthanda Varma [1] C.Parthiban Sarathi [1] II M.A History, Scott Christian College(Autonomous), Nagercoil
ISSN (Online) 2456 -1304 International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management (IJSEM) Vol 2, Issue 12, December 2017 The legend Marthanda Varma [1] C.Parthiban Sarathi [1] II M.A History, Scott Christian College(Autonomous), Nagercoil. Abstract:-- Marthanda Varma the founder of modern Travancore. He was born in 1705. Anizham Tirunal Marthanda Varma rule of Travancore in 1929. Marthanda Varma headquarters in Kalkulam. Marthanda Varma very important policy in Blood and Iron policy. Marthanda Varma reorganised the financial department the palace of Padmanabhapuram was improved and several new buildings. There was improvement of communication following the opening of new Roads and canals. Irrigation works like the ponmana and puthen dams. Marthanda Varma rulling period very important war in Battle of Colachel. The As the Dutch military team captain Eustachius De Lannoy and our soldiers surrendered in Travancore king. Marthanda Varma asked Dutch captain Delannoy to work for the Travancore army Delannoy accepted to take service under the maharaja Delannoy trained with European style of military drill and tactics. Commander in chief of the Travancore military, locally called as valia kapitaan. This king period Padmanabhaswamy temple in Ottakkal mandapam built in Marthanda Varma. The king decided to donate his recalm to Sri Padmanabha and thereafter rule as the deity's vice regent the dedication took place on January 3, 1750 and thereafter he was referred to as Padmanabhadasa Thrippadidanam. The legend king Marthanda Varma 7 July 1758 is dead. Keywords:-- Marthanda Varma, Battle of Colachel, Dutch military captain Delannoy INTRODUCTION English and the Dutch and would have completely quelled the rebels but for the timidity and weakness of his uncle the Anizham Tirunal Marthanda Varma was a ruler of the king who completed him to desist. -
Fall/Winter 2020
The Reporter for Conscience’ Sake The Center on Conscience & War Working to defend and extend the rights of Conscientious Objectors to war since 1940 Volume 77 Fall 2020 The Little Commission that Could, but Didn’t: A Recap of the Three Year Journey of the Commission on Military, National and Public Service By Bill Galvin and Maria Santelli That all changed on January 24, 2013, when then Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced the When President Carter resumed draft registration end of the ‘combat exclusion’ of women. With that in 1980, there was widespread opposition. The official change in policy the justification for the 1981 wounds of the U.S. war in Vietnam were still fresh. decision was invalidated, and almost immediately The draft ended in 1973; the war, and with it draft officials and activists began to call for the inclusion of registration, ended in 1975. But besides the fatigue women in the draft and Selective Service registration. of war, another part of the resistance to restarting Meanwhile, two court cases challenging the male- registration was about sex discrimination. A court only registration were working their way through case challenging the male-only registration as the courts and suddenly had a renewed urgency. unconstitutional had actually succeeded in the Bills requiring women to register with Selective lower courts. On July 18, 1980, just days before the Service were introduced in Congress. In 2016, the registration was scheduled to begin, Walter Cronkite, Senate approved an amendment to the 2017 National who, at that time, was considered the ‘most trusted Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) to require man in America,’ announced on the evening news women to register for the draft, but the House did that men did not have to register because of the court not. -
Historicity Research Journal
ISSN: 2393-8900 Impact Factor : 1.9152(UIF) VolUme - 4 | ISSUe - 9 | may - 2018 HIStorIcIty reSearcH JoUrNal ________________________________________________________________________________________ HISTORICAL ENQUIRY OF COLACHEL Dr. Praveen O. K. Assistant Professor, Department Of History, Sree Kerala Varma College, Thrissur, Kerala, India. ABSTRACT Travancore was the princely state existed in South India. It was called by different name in different period, it is popular being Venad, Vanchidesam and Tiruadidesam. Venad is originally known as Vanavanad which Merans the abode of the Dedvas. This was later simplified into Venad. Vanchi Desam means either the land of treasure or the land Baboons. In Malayalam the name of Travancore was interpreted by ‘Thiruvithamkure’ and in Sankrit ‘Srivardhanapuri’. KEY WORDS: Colachel, Battle of Colachel, Marthanda Varma, The Dutch, De Lannoy, Trade relations, The Dutch East India Company. INTRODUCTION Marthanda Varma inherited the throne of Travancore formerly known as Venad,from King Ramavarma, his uncle. During the period of Marthanda Varma the war held in Colachel is significance than the others. This war raises the war power of the king. In 1740, the Dutch Governor says to Marthanda Varma,that he was going to capture Travancore to his control. It internal idea is that Dutch are thinking to make colony in Travancore. In the beginning,and the war came to end of August 7,1741. The war was the important turning point of Marthanda Varma and Travancore State. NEED FOR THE PRESENT STUDY Colachal is sea port town from the ancient past, served as an important commercial centre for the Cheras, Pandyas and even the Dutch. It is surrounded by small villege lioke Kottilpadu, on the south, Puthutheru on the east, Velliyakulam on the North and Kalimar on the West. -
Help Decide the Future of SJ County Iran: We Need to Stop the Next
San Joaquin County’s Alternative Newspaper PRICELESS connections Volume XXV, Number 2 Published by the Peace & Justice Network since 1986 March 2007 Help decide the Iran: we need to SAVE THE DATES future of SJ County stop the next war As we at FCNL walk the an Iranian diplomatic office in Matt Perry March 10 halls of Congress lobbying Erbil, Iraq has caused tensions The population of against the escalation of the not only with Iran but also with foreign policy San Joaquin County war in Iraq, we are hearing also the government of Iraq, which symposium film ....20 is projected to double new concerns from members of condemned the raids. Adding by 2030, and to grow Congress about President Bush's fuel to this conflict was the White by over a million escalating confrontation with House decision last week to tell March 17 new people by 2050. Iran and President Ahmadinejad's reporters that President Bush has Such dramatic growth escalating confrontation with the authorized U.S. soldiers in Iraq to peace convergence raises major questions: U.S. The president accuses Iran kill or capture Iranians in Iraq that with dolores huerta . Where and how should of sponsoring armed, violent the U.S.administration believes to we grow? Where will groups inside Iraq and said in be aiding Shite milita groups. ...........................20 the roads go? How do a January 29 interview that the A f e w d a y s a f t e r t h a t we want this growth U.S. will 'respond firmly' to any announcement, Vice President to affect our economy, Iranian interference in Iraq. -
Social Science - I
SOCIAL SCIENCE - I Standard IX Government of Kerala Department of Education Prepared by State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) KERALA 2010 The National Anthem Jana-gana-mana adhinayaka, jaya he Bharatha-bhagya-vidhata. Punjab-Sindh-Gujarat-Maratha Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga Tava subha name jage, Tava subha asisa mage, Gahe tava jaya gatha. Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharatha-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he! Pledge India is my country. All Indians are my brothers and sisters. I love my country, and I am proud of its rich and varied heritage. I shall always strive to be worthy of it. I shall give respect to my parents, teachers and all elders and treat everyone with courtesy. I pledge my devotion to my country and my people. In their well-being and prosperity alone lies my happiness. Prepared by : State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 012, Kerala Website : www.scertkerala.gov.in e-mail : [email protected] Phone : 0471 - 2341883, Fax: 0471 - 2341869 First Edition : 2010 Typesetting : Computer Lab, SCERT © Department of Education • Government of Kerala Dear children, You stand on the threshold of a new world of infinite possibilities. I am sure that you will enter the portals of enchanting experience, with curiosity and adventurous spirit to see a new world, crossing the threshold of letters. The wondrous world outside us offers a veritable feast to our senses. The myriad forms of nature, living and nonliving, their simple yet intriguing charm, the mysterious wonders of the sunrise and the sunset, the clouds that move hand in hand with the colours and contours of the rainbow, the waves that lap the shore, the blades of grass that toss their heads in the wind, the mighty trees, the lush forests, the twinkling stars, the rising moon… the key to all these mysterious splendours; the paths that mankind strode over millennia... -
Jvaradevata and Ravana: Reference to Two Unusual Sculptural Representations in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu
Jvaradevata and Ravana: Reference to Two Unusual Sculptural Representations in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu Vysakh A. S.1 1. Post Graduate Department of History, Sree Narayana College, Kollam, Kerala, India (Email: [email protected]) Received: 31 August 2017; Revised: 24 September 2017; Accepted: 11 November 2017 Heritage: Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology 5 (2017): 792‐805 Abstract: The temple and its structural specificities are the embodiments of the popular culture of the civilization. Each of which signifies high degree workmanship and dedication. The structures portray the known and the unknown. It remains an eternal representation of man’s conception of the supreme and hence he delineates HIM in his own very way of representation. Through the enormous literatures on the scientific erection of the temples, various breathtaking compositions come alive in stones. The obvious ones have received wider acclaim and prone to deeper study. Yet, the complexity and the divergence of myriad temple structures conceal certain structural facets which encompasses stunning and less adored pieces of worship and creativity. Two such structural and iconographic representations, that stood overlooked among the mighty columns of great temples‐the Jvaradevamurti at Suchindram and the Ravana at Valvichchakottamare prone to appraisal. Keywords: Suchindram, Kanyakumari, Jvaradevata, Valvichchakottam, Ravana, Marthanda Varma, Epigraphy Introduction Being a religious institution and place of worship, the temple in India has had a hoary past. It enshrines the deity or some object of veneration and has varied growth in several parts of India. They acted as cradles of great Indian religions and their fusions over time. While retaining the common Indian plans and elevations, and the native principles and techniques of construction, showed their creedal distinctions by suitable adaptations of their forms. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Justice and Its Others: On
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Justice and Its Others: On the Politics of Redress for Japanese Latin Americans A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree Doctorate of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies by Cathleen Kiyomi Kozen Committee in charge: Professor Yen Le Espiritu, Chair Professor Victor Bascara Professor John D. Blanco Professor Ross H. Frank Professor Denise Ferreira da Silva Professor Kalindi Vora 2016 Copyright Cathleen Kiyomi Kozen, 2016 All rights reserved The Dissertation of Cathleen Kiyomi Kozen is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2016 iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to the Latin American Japanese deportees and activists still in pursuit of justice. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page………………………………………………………….….. iii Dedication…………………………………………………………….……. iv Table of Contents…………………………………………………….……. v Acknowledgements…………………………………………………….….. vi Vita………………..…………………………………………………….….. xi Abstract of the Dissertation……..………………………………….…….… xvi Introduction: Violence, History, Justice: Toward a Politics of Redress…...…...…..………………….…... 1 Chapter 1: Traces of the Transpacific -
Draft Industrial Potential Survey
DRAFT INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL SURVEY DISTRICT :THIRUVANANTHAPURAM Introduction Thiruvananthapuram District is the southernmost district of the coastal state of Kerala, in south India. It came into existence in the year 1957. The headquarters is the city of Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum) which is also the capital city of Kerala. Thiruvananthapuram city and several other places in the district loom large in ancient tradition, folklore and literature. In 1684, during the regency of Umayamma Rani, the English East India Company obtained a sandy spit of land at Anchuthengu near Varkala on the sea coast about 32 kilometres (20 mi) north of Thiruvananthapuram city, with a view to erecting a factory and fortifying it. The place had earlier been frequented by the Portuguese and later by the Dutch. It was from here that the English gradually extended their domain to other parts of Travancore. Modern history begins with Marthanda Varma, 1729 CE – 1758 CE, who is generally regarded as the Father of modern Travancore. Thiruvananthapuram was known as a great centre of intellectual and artistic activities in those days. "Thiruvananthapuram" literally means "City of Lord Anantha". The name derives from the deity of the Hindu temple at the center of the Thiruvananthapuram city. Anantha is the mythical thousand hooded serpent- Shesha on whom Padmanabhan or Vishnu reclines. The temple of Vishnu reclining on Anantha, the Sri Padmanabhaswamy temple, which dates back to the 16th century, is the most-recognizable iconic landmark of the city as well as the district. Along with the presiding deity of SriPadmanabha, this temple also has temples inside it, dedicated to Lord Krishna and Lord Narasimha, Lord Ganesha, and Lord Ayyappa. -
Kerala History Timeline
Kerala History Timeline AD 1805 Death of Pazhassi Raja 52 St. Thomas Mission to Kerala 1809 Kundara Proclamation of Velu Thampi 68 Jews migrated to Kerala. 1809 Velu Thampi commits suicide. 630 Huang Tsang in Kerala. 1812 Kurichiya revolt against the British. 788 Birth of Sankaracharya. 1831 First census taken in Travancore 820 Death of Sankaracharya. 1834 English education started by 825 Beginning of Malayalam Era. Swatithirunal in Travancore. 851 Sulaiman in Kerala. 1847 Rajyasamacharam the first newspaper 1292 Italiyan Traveller Marcopolo reached in Malayalam, published. Kerala. 1855 Birth of Sree Narayana Guru. 1295 Kozhikode city was established 1865 Pandarappatta Proclamation 1342-1347 African traveller Ibanbatuta reached 1891 The first Legislative Assembly in Kerala. Travancore formed. Malayali Memorial 1440 Nicholo Conti in Kerala. 1895-96 Ezhava Memorial 1498 Vascoda Gama reaches Calicut. 1904 Sreemulam Praja Sabha was established. 1504 War of Cranganore (Kodungallor) be- 1920 Gandhiji's first visit to Kerala. tween Cochin and Kozhikode. 1920-21 Malabar Rebellion. 1505 First Portuguese Viceroy De Almeda 1921 First All Kerala Congress Political reached Kochi. Meeting was held at Ottapalam, under 1510 War between the Portuguese and the the leadership of T. Prakasam. Zamorin at Kozhikode. 1924 Vaikom Satyagraha 1573 Printing Press started functioning in 1928 Death of Sree Narayana Guru. Kochi and Vypinkotta. 1930 Salt Satyagraha 1599 Udayamperoor Sunahadhos. 1931 Guruvayur Satyagraha 1616 Captain Keeling reached Kerala. 1932 Nivarthana Agitation 1663 Capture of Kochi by the Dutch. 1934 Split in the congress. Rise of the Leftists 1694 Thalassery Factory established. and Rightists. 1695 Anjengo (Anchu Thengu) Factory 1935 Sri P. Krishna Pillai and Sri. -
Royalty, Women and Politics in Travancore
[ VOLUME 5 I ISSUE 2 I APRIL – JUNE 2018] E ISSN 2348 –1269, PRINT ISSN 2349-5138 Royalty, Women and Politics in Travancore Rajitha T Research Scholar in History, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Received: April 21, 2018 Accepted: May 20, 2018 ABSTRACT Travancore was the southernmost native state of British India and comprised the present day lands of the southern part of Kerala and Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu. It was a caste ridden society with upper class dominance. Naturally, the condition of people belonging to the other castes, particularly lower castes was highly deplorable. But most pathetic was the condition of women. Even though the condition of women was very deplorable, the state witnessed the rule of three Regent Maharanis. Much legislation was made during their periods. The paper aimed to reveal the administrative capabilities of Maharanis which helped the socio- political development of the people of Travancore. Keywords: royal women, Travancore, legislations, reforms, administration The social structure of Travancore was almost similar in the administrative divisions as it was predominantly based on the institution of caste, but political condition was divergent in these regions. Travancore had a rich political tradition of dynastic rule. But with the colonial penetration, the power fell into the hands of British paramountcy. The state bureaucracy was dominated by the feudal institutions like caste hierarchy and conventions. In the early period, the appearance of women in Travancore politics was exceptional one. Yet women maintained the spark of political interest that ignited the state widely from time to time First woman administrator of Venad (earliest name of Travancore) was Umayamma Rani.i She was popularly known as Aswathy Thirunal Attingal Thampuratti.