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Of94-0714.Pdf U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR US. GEOLOGICAL SURYEY PREPARED IN COLLABORATION WITH: RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA ALASKA DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS RUSSIAN COMMITI'EE ON GEOLOGY MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY EXXON PRODUCTION RESEARCH COMPANY UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF JAPAN CIRCUM-NORTH PACIFIC TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHICTERRANE MAP By Warren J. ~o~leber~',Leonid M. parfenov2, James W.H. iVonger3, and lotis V. ~aranov~,Stanislav G. ~~alobzhesky',Thomas K. ~undtzen~,Tracey D. ~pene~~, Kazuya ~ujitp', Steven P. (20rdey3, Arthur ~rantz',Alexander I. Khanchuk2, Boris A. ~atal'in~, Lev M. ~atapov~,Ian 0. ~ortoa', William W. patton', Jr., George ~lafker',David W. ~choli', Sergei D. ~okolov~,~lebM. sosunov6, David B. stones, Rowland W. ~abor',Nickolai V. ~sukanov~,Tracy L. vallierl, and Koji wakih9 Open-File Report 94-714 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U,S. Government. 1 2 U.S.Geological Survey, Russian Academy of Sciences, Geological Survey of Canada Alaska Division of Geological 6 and Geophysical Surveys, Russian Committee on Geology, Michigan State University, Exxon Production Research Company, University of Alaska, Geological Survey of Japan U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OPEN-FILE REPORT 94-714 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PAhPW CIRCUM-NORTH PACIFIC TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC TERRANE MAP By Warren J. ~okleber~',Leonid M. parfenov2, James W.H.~onger~, and Boris V. ~aranov',Stanislav G. ~~alobzhesk~~, Thomas K. ~undtzen', Tracey D. ~eene~~,Kazuya FujitaS,Steven P. (30rdey3, Arthur ~rantzl,Alexander I. ~hanchuk', Boris A. ~atal'in~,Lev M. ~ata~ov~,Ian 0. or ton', William W. patton', Jr., George ~lafkerl,David W. ~choll', Sergei D. sokolovz, Glcb M. sosunov6. David B. stone! Rowland W. ~aborl,Nickolai V. ~sukanov~. Tracy L. ~allier',and Koji wakitaY I U.S. Geological Survey, 2 Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Geological Survey of Canada, 4 Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 5 Michigan State University, 6~ussianCommittee on Geology, 'Exxon Production Research Company, 8 University of Alaska, Geological Survey of Japan A key definition for the map is tectonosrmtigraphic terrane which is defined below, along with other key terms, as a fault-bounded geologic entity or fragment that is characterized INTRODUCTION by a distinctive geologic history that differs markedly from that of adjacent terranes (Jones and others, 1983; Howell and The companion tectonostratigraphic terrane and overlap others, 1985). A tectonostratigraphic terrane (hereafter referred assemblage of map the Circum-North Pacific presents a modern to as teme) is a fault-bounded, stratigraphically coherent description of the major geologic and tectonic units of the assemblage that formed before accretion, i.e. tectonic region. The map illustrates both the onshore terranes and juxtaposition, to adjacent units. A few terranes are fault- overlap volcanic assemblages of the region, and the major bounded structural complexes. mainly subduction zone or offshore geologic features. The map is the first collaborative accretionary-wedge complexes. The terranes are bounded by compilation of the geology of the region at a scale of various types of major faults or fault zones, termed sutures. 1:5,000,000 by geologists of the Russian Far East, Japanese, Paleontologic, stratigraphic, and paleomagnetic evidence Alaskan, Canadian, and U.S.A. Pacific Northwest. The map is suggests that some terranes were originally widely separated designed to be a source of geologic information for all from one another, or from the cratons of either North America scientists interested in the region, and is designed to be used or North Asia by distances of as much as thousands of for several purposes, including regional tectonic analyses, kilometers Plafker and Berg, 1994). But other terranes are mineral resource and metallogenic analyses (Nokleberg and interpreted to be displaced from one another or from a another others, 1993, 1994a), petroleum analyses, neotectonic loci on the same continent by distances of only hundreds of analyses, and analyses of seismic hazards and volcanic hazards. kilometers or less. This text contains an introduction. tectonic definitions, On the companion map and in the descriptions below, acknowledgments, descriptions of postaccretion stratified rock terranes are interpreted according to inferred tectonic units, descriptions and stratigraphic columns for environments. These environments are (1) cratonal; (2) tectonostratigraphic terranes in onshore areas. and references passive continental margin; (3) metamorphosed continental for the companion map (Sheets 1 to 5). margin; (4) continental-margin arc; (5) island arc; (6) oceanic This map is the result of extensive geologic mapping and crust, seamount. and ophiolite; (7) accretionary wedge and associated tectonic studies in the Russian Far East, Hokkaido subduction zone: (8) turbidite basin; and (9) metamorphic for Island of Japan, Alaska, the Canadian Cordillera, and the terranes that are too highly-deformed and metamorphosed to U.S.A. Pacific Northwest in the last few decades. Geologic determine the original tectonic environment. For terranes with mapping suggests that most of this region can be interpreted as complex geologic histories. the chosen color indicates the a collage of fault-bounded tectonostratigraphic terranes that tectonic environment most prevalent during this history of the were accreted onto continental margins around the Circum- terrane. The tectonic environments inferred for igneous rocks North Pacific mainly during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (Fujita are both temporal and genetic. The temporal environments are and Newberry, 1983; 1987; Parfenov, 1984, 1991; Howell, preaccretion and postaccretion. The genetic environments are 1985; Watson and Fujita, 1985; Parfenov and Natal'in, 1984; subduction-related, rift-related, and collisional (anatectlc)" Jones and others, 1987; Monger and Berg, 1987, Fujita and related. Cook, 1990; Zoncnshain and others, 1990; Natai'in, 1991, In addition to terranes, the map also depicts postaccretion 1993; Moore and others, 1992; Silberling and others, 1992; units that include: (1) Cenozoic and Mesozoic overlap Nokleberg and others, 1992, 1993, 1994a; Parfenov and assemblages of sedimentary and volcanic rocks that are others, 1993; Plafker and Berg, 1994; Tabor, 1994). deposited across two or more terranes that formed generally after accretion of most terranes in the region; (2) Cenozoic and and others (1994), Brew (1994). and Moll-Stalcup and others Mesozoic basinal deposits that occur within a terrane or on the (1994b). The distribution of terranes is from Jones and others craton; (3) plutonic rocks. The postaccretion igneous units are (1987) and Monger and Berg (1987), with modifications by identified by age-lithologic abbreviations and by name. These Grantz and others (19911, Worall (199 1). Nokleberg and others overlap assemblages and basinal deposits formed mainly (1993, 1994a), the cited references, add the Alaskan co-authors during sedimentation and magmatism that occurred after of this report. For the Canadian Cordillera, the basic outcrop accretion of terranes to each other or to a continental margin. pattern is from Monger and Berg (1987), Wheeler and others Overlap assemblages provide minimum ages on the timing of (1988), and Wheeler and McFeeley (1991) with modifications accretion of terranes. Some Cenozoic and Mesozoic overlap by the Canadian authors. For the northern part of the Russian assemblages and basinal deposits, as well as fragments of Far East. the basic outcrop pattern is from Sosunov (1985) with terranes. are extensively offset by movement along modifications by the Russian authors. For the southern part of postaccretion faults. In addition, in onshore areas, the map the Russian Far East, the basic outcrop pattern is from Krasny depicts major preaccretion plutonic rocks that are limited to (1991) and Bazhanov and Oleinik (1986) with modifications individual terranes, and in offshore areas, the map depicts by the Russian authors. The Russ~anFar East part of the map is major oceanic plates, ocean floor magnetic lineations, oceanic the first attempt to define and delineate terranes in that region. spreading ridges, and seamounts. In their compilation, the Russian authors utilized the The map consists of five sheets. Sheets 1 and 2 depict, at a methodology of U.S.A. and Canadian geologists. Because this scale of 1:5,000,000, the tectonostratigraphic terranes, map is the first attempt to display the terranes, Cenozoic and preaccretion plutonic rocks, and postaccretion Cenozoic and Mesozoic overlap assemblages, basinal deposits, and plutonic Mesozoic overlap sedimentary, volcanic, and plutonic belts of the Russian Far East, the Russian authors will assemblages, and basinal deposits for the Circum-North Pacific appreciate constructive suggestions for improving the map. including the Russian Far East, northern Hokkaido Island of Japan, Alaska, the Canadian Cordillera, part of the U.S.A. TECTONIC DEFINITIONS Pacific Northwest, and adjacent offshore areas. Sheet 3 provides the list of map units for Sheets 1 and 2. Sheet 4 is a The following definitions are modified from Coney and index map showing generalized onshore terranes and overlap others (1980), Jones and others
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