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Coongie Lakes Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description

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Coongie Lakes Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description Coongie Lakes Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description May 2011 May 2011 Citation: Butcher, R., and Hale, J., 2011. Ecological Character Description for Coongie Lakes Ramsar site. Report to the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra. Acknowledgements: Julian Reid, ANU (technical review) Prof Brian Timms, UNSW, (technical review) Dr Justin Costelloe, University of Melbourne (technical review) Dr Halina Kobryn, Murdoch University (mapping and GIS) Symbols for diagrams courtesy of the Integration and Application Network (ian.umces.edu/symbols), University of Maryland Centre for Environmental Science. Steering committee membership: Paul Wainwright Senior Ecologist, Policy, DEWNR SA Alex Clarke Regional Ecologist, Outback, DEWNR SA Darren Wilson Senior Ranger, Innamincka, DEWNR SA James Smeeth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities Ryan Breen Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities Introductory Notes This Ecological Character Description (ECD Publication) has been prepared in accordance with the National Framework and Guidance for Describing the Ecological Character of Australia’s Ramsar Wetlands (National Framework) (Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, 2008). The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) prohibits actions that are likely to have a significant impact on the ecological character of a Ramsar wetland unless the Commonwealth Environment Minister has approved the taking of the action, or some other provision in the EPBC Act allows the action to be taken. The information in this ECD Publication does not indicate any commitment to a particular course of action, policy position or decision. Further, it does not provide assessment of any particular action within the meaning of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), nor replace the role of the Minister or his delegate in making an informed decision to approve an action. This ECD Publication is provided without prejudice to any final decision by the Administrative Authority for Ramsar in Australia on change in ecological character in accordance with the requirements of Article 3.2 of the Ramsar Convention. Copyright: © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, <2011>. Boundary Description Guidelines and Mapping Specifications for Australian Ramsar Sites (Version 2) is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ This report should be attributed as ‘<insert name of report>, Commonwealth of Australia <insert year>’. The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format ‘© Copyright, i [name of third party] ’. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: Assistant Secretary Aquatic Systems Policy Branch Department of the Environment GPO Box 787 CANBERRA ACT 2601 Disclaimer While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure the contents of this ECD are correct, the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities does not guarantee and accepts no legal liability whatsoever arising from or connected to the currency, accuracy, completeness, reliability or suitability of the information in this ECD. Note: There may be differences in the type of information contained in this ECD Publication, to those for other Ramsar wetlands. Photo credits front cover: All images © Paul Wainwright. ii Table of Contents Glossary ..................................................................................................................................... v List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ viii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... ix 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Site details........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Statement of purpose ....................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Relevant treaties, legislation and regulations .................................................................. 4 1.4 Preparing the ECD ........................................................................................................... 6 2. General Description of Coongie Lakes Ramsar Site ............................................................. 8 2.1 Location ............................................................................................................................ 8 2.2 Overview of the site ......................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Land tenure .................................................................................................................... 14 2.4 Wetland types and extent .............................................................................................. 15 2.4.1 Permanent lakes and waterholes greater than eight hectares (Ramsar type O) .... 18 2.4.2 Permanent waterholes/ponds less than eight hectares (Ramsar type Tp) ............. 21 2.4.3 Seasonal intermittent lakes greater than eight hectares (Ramsar type P) ............. 21 2.4.4 Seasonal intermittent marshes (Ramsar type Ts) ................................................... 21 2.4.5 Shrub dominated wetlands (Ramsar type W) ......................................................... 22 2.4.6 Freshwater tree dominated wetlands (Ramsar type Xf) .......................................... 24 2.4.7 Seasonal/intermittent river, streams, creeks (Ramsar type N) ............................... 27 2.4.8 Seasonal/intermittent saline wetlands (Ramsar type R & Ss)................................. 29 2.5 Ramsar criteria ............................................................................................................... 29 2.5.1 Criteria under which the site was designated ......................................................... 29 2.5.2 Assessment based on current information and Ramsar criteria ............................. 31 3. Critical Components and Processes ................................................................................... 39 3.1 Identifying critical components and processes .............................................................. 39 3.2 Essential elements ......................................................................................................... 41 3.2.1 Climate .................................................................................................................... 42 3.2.2 Water Quality ........................................................................................................... 44 3.2.3 Algae ....................................................................................................................... 48 3.2.4 Invertebrates ........................................................................................................... 50 3.3 Critical components and processes ............................................................................... 53 3.3.1 Geomorphological setting........................................................................................ 55 3.3.2 Hydrology ................................................................................................................ 59 3.3.3 Waterholes .............................................................................................................. 64 3.3.4 Primary productivity ................................................................................................. 67 3.3.5 Vegetation ............................................................................................................... 67 3.3.6 Fish .......................................................................................................................... 70 3.3.7 Waterbirds ............................................................................................................... 76 4 Critical Ecosystem Services ................................................................................................. 80 4.1 Overview of benefits and services ................................................................................. 80 4.2 Identifying critical ecosystem services and benefits ...................................................... 80 4.3 Critical supporting services ............................................................................................ 82 4.3.1 Natural or near natural wetland ecosystems ........................................................... 82 4.3.2 Physical habitat for water bird breeding and feeding .............................................. 82 4.3.3 Biodiversity .............................................................................................................
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