WSUD Maintenance: a European Perspective

Perspective , European Nina Cossais, PhD student

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 1 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Location of Lyon, France

Lyon

Perspective European

Source: Melbourne Museum

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 2 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar PhD context

Prof. Anne Honegger Prof. Denis Martouzet Two labs:

University of Tours Perspective

European One “local government”:

Three years financial support: (March 2015 – March 2018)

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 3 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar The metropolis of Lyon, France

INHABITANTS living in 59 municipalities SEWER combined sewer stormwater

WASTEWATER

Perspective TREATEMENT PLANTS European

DETENTION or INFILTRATION STORMWATER BASINS

SOAKAWAYS

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 4 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar A ”multi-layers” administration France

« Auvergne-Rhône Alpes » Region

Department of Rhône 2015 Amalgamation 1969 - Urban Community of Lyon

City of Lyon = municipality

Perspective European

The “one thousand layers administrative cake”  Source : www.femmeactuelle.fr

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 5 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar A ”multi-layers” administration France

« Auvergne-Rhône Alpes » Region

Department of Rhône 2015 Amalgamation Metropolis of Lyon

City of Lyon = municipality

Perspective European

The “one thousand layers administrative cake”  Source : www.femmeactuelle.fr

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 6 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Context • Sewer system – Combined sewer (85%) – Partially saturated – 21 July 2015 decree: limits the combined sewer Max 20 d/yr or 5% collected water

overflowing

Perspective European

Infiltration basin in Décines, March 2016 Swale, Garibaldi Street in Lyon, June 2016 WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 7 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Problem

• Since 1990, WSUD to: – limit overflowing – recharge water tables – cool the city

Perspective – improve living conditions Yet, reluctance to WSUD’s adoption persists European Rank barriers: operation and maintenance

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 8 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Questions

• How are stormwater assets maintained? • By who? • What are the main difficulties?

• What should we do about it?

Perspective European

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 9 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar

”Pervious City” field workshops

Perspective European

Localization of visited sites and facilities in area. Production : N.Cossais. Design : SAFEGE Suez Consulting. Source : Lyon metropolis

Field workshops in March 2015 and June 2016 

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 10 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar

Field workshops: first findings

Perspective European

Stormwater detention ponds - Portes des Alpes - Saint-Priest, Lyon, France

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 11 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar

Perspective European

Lights in a trench

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 12 Porte des Alpes, Lyon,22 MarchFrance, 2017 March – Stormwater 2015 Victoria WSUD Seminar Field workshops: first findings

• Main results –Most important barriers to WSUD’s adoption: • Demarcation issues: tasks, costs and responsibilities • Technical aspects (pollution, trash, mosquitoes,

sustainability, esthetics) Perspective –Sewer workers are unhappy with the evolution of

European their profession

“On-the-job” immersions with maintenance teams and roads designers

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 13 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Field workshops: first findings

• Main results –Most important barriers to WSUD’s adoption: • Demarcation issues: tasks, costs and responsibilities • Technical aspects (pollution, trash, mosquitoes,

sustainability, esthetics) Perspective –Sewer workers are unhappy with the evolution of

European their profession

“On-the-job” immersions with maintenance teams and roads designers

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 14 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Anthropological approach

– Inductive procedure – Participant observation

– Learn about Perspective what is “not

said” European

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 15 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Anthropological approach First findings • General context – Increase in the number and the complexity of stormwater facilities – Stagnating or decreasing budgets

Perspective – Demarcation issues

• Source control measures European – Still seen as “new” (swales) – Mixed perception (sand covers, swales) – Little consideration of water needs and opportunities when planning green spaces

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 16 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Demarcation issues

Perspective GL

GL GL

European GL

Roadside in (Lyon, France), April 2015 Key: maintenance and/or control Green spaces department (municipality) Roads direction – Trees and Landscape department Metropolis of Lyon Cleaning department Roads department (« Great Lyon »)

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 17 Sanitation department 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Demarcation issues • WSUD maintenance complexity –List of tasks for each type of WSUD –Nature of tasks: specialty or not –Department in charge –S=Sanitation Dptmt, G=Green Spaces Dptmt

Perspective S G European

Cleaning of a screen inside the sewer, March 2016 Mowing in Confluence, Lyon, France, May 2016 WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 18 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Cleaning Sanitation Department Green Spaces Service Roads Direction Department Soakaways C1 - - Surface and storm drains Soakage trench cleaning - - (when needed) C1 S1 C2 Hydraulic structures maintenance - Trash collection (when needed) grassy (depending on dirt and requirement) G1 + Mowing (1 to 4 times/yr) Swales S2 C2 / G1 E2 Hydraulic structures cleaning or G2 vegetated flushing Pruning C1 (when needed) (about 1 to 2 times/yr) (herbs, shrubs, trees) C2 G3

Perspective Weeding (when needed) G4 Watering Buried basins C1 S1 - -

European S1/S2/C2/J2 1st adv. for centralized systems : V1 simple O&M enclosed - Fences and signs maintenance - - Open- (MicroMégas) air S3 basins Self-monitoring open to the C1 C1/C2 S1/S2/S3 - public C2 G1/G2/G3/G4 C1 / G3 R1 Pervious pavement R2 - - Pavement repair Pavement maintenance R2/S2

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 19 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar Cleaning Sanitation Department Green Spaces Service Roads Direction Department Soakaways C1 - - Surface and storm drains Soakage trench cleaning - - (when needed) C1 S1 C2 Hydraulic structures maintenance - Trash collection (when needed) grassy (depending on dirt and requirement) G1 + Mowing (1 to 4 times/yr) Swales S2 C2 / G1 E2 Hydraulic structures cleaning or G2 vegetated flushing Pruning C1 (when needed) (about 1 to 2 times/yr) (herbs, shrubs, trees) C2 G3

Perspective Weeding (when needed) G4 Watering Buried basins C1 S1 - -

European S1/S2/C2/J2 « Picking up waste, I am V1 enclosed - telling you this- honestly, I - Open- Fences and signs maintenance air S3 don’t want to do it » basins Self-monitoring open to the C1 C1/C2 S1/S2/S3 - public C2 G1/G2/G3/G4 C1 / G3 « It was made in1999-2000. R1 Pervious pavement R2 - - Pavement repair Pavement maintenance I think it was only once cleaned up »R2/S2

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 20 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar What should we do about it?

• On-going work – On-site measures to assess hydraulic and climatic performance – Internal workshops on pollution, climate change and

service levels Perspective – Internal courses on stormwater management

– Costs and benefits assessment European – Populating GIS with location of WSUDs – Asset hand over – WSUD guidelines for urban designers

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 21 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar What should we do about it?

• Needs –Define a systematic demarcation of tasks • Who pays what and at what scale? • Who is responsible for what? –Work together with green spaces departments Perspective –GIS?

–Asset audit guidelines European • Perspectives – Implementing WSUD asset management – Build an ambitious (but realistic) project to work together with executive managers and local politicians

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 22 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar WSUD Maintenance: a European Perspective

Lyon, France Perspective

[email protected] European

Photographs and illustrations : N. Cossais

WSUD Maintenance: a Maintenance: WSUD 23 22 March 2017 – Stormwater Victoria WSUD Seminar