DOCSLIB.ORG

Ground-Water Discharge Determined from Estimates of Evapotranspiration, Death Valley Regional Flflowow System, Nnevadaevada and Californiacalifornia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ground-Water Discharge Determined from Estimates of Evapotranspiration, Death Valley Regional Flflowow System, Nnevadaevada and Californiacalifornia U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Ground-Water Discharge Determined from Estimates of Evapotranspiration, Death Valley Regional FlFlowow System, NNevadaevada and CaliCaliforniafornia Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4195 Prepared in cooperation with the OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Operations Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Ground-Water Discharge Determined from Estimates of Evapotranspiration, Death Valley Regional Flow System, Nevada and California By Randell J. Laczniak, J. LaRue Smith, Peggy E. Elliott, Guy A. DeMeo, and Melissa A. Chatigny, U.S. Geological Survey; and Gaius J. Roemer, GeoTrans Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4195 Prepared in cooperation with the OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Operations Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967 Carson City, Nevada 2001 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES G. GROAT, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government For additional information contact: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 333 West Nye Lane, Room 203 Carson City, NV 89706–0866 email: [email protected] http://nevada.usgs.gov CONTENTS Abstract.................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Purpose and Scope ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................................................... 4 Stewardship ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 General Description and Setting............................................................................................................................................ 4 Physiography and Geology........................................................................................................................................ 4 Climate ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Vegetation and Wildlife.............................................................................................................................................. 6 Drainage ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Hydrogeology............................................................................................................................................................. 6 Estimation of Annual Evapotranspiration and Ground-Water Discharge.............................................................................. 8 Evapotranspiration ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 Evapotranspiration Units............................................................................................................................................ 10 Evapotranspiration Rate and Volume Estimates ........................................................................................................ 16 Ground-Water Discharge ........................................................................................................................................... 26 Limitations of Methodology ...................................................................................................................................... 31 Summary................................................................................................................................................................................ 37 References Cited.................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Appendix: Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Annual Estimates of Ground-Water Discharge for Death Valley Regional Flow System, by G.J. Roemer ..................................................................................... 43 FIGURES 1. Map showing major areas of natural ground-water discharge in Death Valley regional flow system ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Map showing major areas of Federally administered land in Death Valley regional flow system......................... 5 3. Map showing hydrographic areas of Death Valley regional flow system............................................................. 7 4. Graphs showing spectral response of land covers having different vegetation, soil, and moisture conditions................................................................................................................................................ 11 5. Map showing pseudo-color infrared false color composite of Death Valley regional flow system ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 6. Graphs showing spectral clusters used to classify evapotranspiration units in discharge areas of Death Valley regional flow system........................................................................................................... 15 7–15. Maps showing classification of evapotranspiration units in: 7. Ash Meadows, Nevada and California............................................................................................................ 17 8. Chicago Valley, California .............................................................................................................................. 18 9. Franklin Lake, California................................................................................................................................ 19 10. Franklin Well area, California......................................................................................................................... 20 11. Oasis Valley, Nevada....................................................................................................................................... 21 12. Sarcobatus Flat, Nevada.................................................................................................................................. 22 13. Shoshone area, California ............................................................................................................................... 23 14. Stewart Valley, California ............................................................................................................................... 24 15. Tecopa/California Valley area, California....................................................................................................... 25 16. Map showing modified soil-adjusted vegetation index of Death Valley regional flow system ............................. 27 CONTENTS III 17. Graph showing parameters having the greatest effect on simulated annual ground-water discharge, measured by Rank Correlation, from: A. Ash Meadows .......................................................................................................................................... 49 B. Chicago Valley......................................................................................................................................... 49 C. Franklin Lake........................................................................................................................................... 49 D. Franklin Well area.................................................................................................................................... 49 E. Oasis Valley ............................................................................................................................................. 49 F. Sarcobatus Flat ........................................................................................................................................ 49 G. Shoshone area .......................................................................................................................................... 49 H. Stewart Valley .......................................................................................................................................... 49 I. Tecopa/California Valley area.................................................................................................................. 49 18. Frequency charts generated from 1,000 realizations of simulated annual
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Plate 1 117° 116°
    U.S. Department of the Interior Prepared in cooperation with the Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5175 U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of Energy Plate 1 117° 116° Monitor Range White River Valley Hot Creek Valley 5,577 (1,700) Warm Springs Railroad Valley 6 5,000 4,593 (1,400) Stone Cabin Valley Quinn Canyon Range Tonopah 5,577 (1,700) Ralston Valley NYE COUNTY 4,921 (1,500) LINCOLN COUNTY Big Smoky Valley 5,249 (1,600) 38° 38° 5,906 (1,800) 5,249 (1,600) Ralston Valley Coal Valley 5,249 (1,600) Kawich Range 4,265 (1,300) 4,921 (1,500) 5,249 (1,600) 6,234 (1,900) 5,577 (1,700) 4,921 (1,500) Railroad Valley South CACTUS FLAT 5,200 | 200 Cactus Range Penoyer Valley Goldfield 5,249 (1,600) 3,800 | 3,800 4,921 (1,500) Clayton Valley 3,609 (1,100) Rachel Sand Spring Valley 5,249 (1,600) 5,577 (1,700) Sarcobatus Flat North Kawich Valley 4,593 (1,400) 5,600 | 5,600 93 Pahranagat Valley 4,921 4,593 (1,400) 4,593 (1,400)5,249 3,937 (1,200)4,265 (1,300) Gold Flat Pahranagat Range 4,921 (1,500) Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley 6,300 | 5,900 Belted Range Alamo 4,265 (1,300) 4,593 (1,400) 3,609 (1,100) Scottys Emigrant Valley Junction Black Pahute Mesa Nevada National Mountain Security Site 3,281 (1,000) NYE COUNTY Sarcobatus Flat ESMERALDA COUNTY ESMERALDA Rainier Mesa 3,937 (1,200) Yucca Flat Timber Death Valley North Mountain 4,000 | 4,000 Yucca Flat Sarcobatus Flat South Oasis Valley subbasin Grapevine 37° 37° Springs area 1,900 | 1,900 4,265 Grapevine Mountains Bullfrog Hills 2,297 (700) 100 | 100 3,937 (1,200) Ash Meadows 20,50020,500 |
    [Show full text]
  • USGS-OFR-91-367, "Seismicity and Focal Mechanisms for the Southern Great Basin of Nevada and California in 1990."
    bf/w4E? P~? USGS-OFR-91-367 USGS-OFR-91-367 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SEISMICITY AND FOCAL MECHANISMS FOR THE SOUTHERN GREAT BASIN OF NEVADA AND CALIFORNIA IN 1990 by S. C. Harmsen Open-File Report 91-367 Prepared In cooperation with the Nevada Operations Office U.S. Department of Energy (Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-78ET44802) This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Company names are for descriptive purposes only and do not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. Denver, Colorado 1991 USGS-OFR-91-367 USGS-OFR-91-367 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Denver, Colorado SEISMICITY AND FOCAL MECHANISMS FOR THE SOUTHERN GREAT BASIN OF NEVADA AND CALIFORNIA IN 1990 - Stephen C. Harmsen Open-File Report 91-367 Copies of this Open-File Report may be purchased from Books and Open-File Reports Section Branch of Distribution U.S. Geological Survey Box 25425, Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 PREPAYMENT IS REQUIRED Price information will be published in the monthly listing 'New Publications of the Geological Survey" FOR ADDITIONAL ORDERING INFORMATION CALL: Commercial: (303) 236-5456 FTS: 776-5456 CONTENTS Page Abstract----------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Introduction------------------------------------------------------------- I Acknowledgements--------------------------------------------------------- 1 Calibrations of instruments----------------------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • 7–20–10 Vol. 75 No. 138 Tuesday July 20, 2010 Pages 41963–42278
    7–20–10 Tuesday Vol. 75 No. 138 July 20, 2010 Pages 41963–42278 VerDate Mar 15 2010 18:27 Jul 19, 2010 Jkt 220001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4710 Sfmt 4710 E:\FR\FM\20JYWS.LOC 20JYWS sroberts on DSKD5P82C1PROD with FRONTMATTER II Federal Register / Vol. 75, No. 138 / Tuesday, July 20, 2010 The FEDERAL REGISTER (ISSN 0097–6326) is published daily, SUBSCRIPTIONS AND COPIES Monday through Friday, except official holidays, by the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records PUBLIC Administration, Washington, DC 20408, under the Federal Register Subscriptions: Act (44 U.S.C. Ch. 15) and the regulations of the Administrative Paper or fiche 202–512–1800 Committee of the Federal Register (1 CFR Ch. I). The Assistance with public subscriptions 202–512–1806 Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 is the exclusive distributor of the official General online information 202–512–1530; 1–888–293–6498 edition. Periodicals postage is paid at Washington, DC. Single copies/back copies: The FEDERAL REGISTER provides a uniform system for making Paper or fiche 202–512–1800 available to the public regulations and legal notices issued by Assistance with public single copies 1–866–512–1800 Federal agencies. These include Presidential proclamations and (Toll-Free) Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general FEDERAL AGENCIES applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public Subscriptions: interest. Paper or fiche 202–741–6005 Documents are on file for public inspection in the Office of the Assistance with Federal agency subscriptions 202–741–6005 Federal Register the day before they are published, unless the issuing agency requests earlier filing.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribally Approved American Indian Ethnographic Analysis of the Proposed Amargosa Valley Solar Energy Zone
    Tribally Approved American Indian Ethnographic Analysis of the Proposed Amargosa Valley Solar Energy Zone Ethnography and Ethnographic Synthesis For Solar Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement and Solar Energy Study Areas in Portions of Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah Participating Tribes Pahrump Paiute Tribe, Pahrump, Nevada Timbisha Shoshone Tribe, Death Valley, California By Richard W. Stoffle Kathleen A. Van Vlack Hannah Z. Johnson Phillip T. Dukes Stephanie C. De Sola Kristen L. Simmons Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology School of Anthropology University of Arizona October 2011 Solar PEIS Ethnographic Assessment Page 1 AMARGOSA VALLEY The proposed Amargosa Valley solar energy zone (SEZ) is located about 14 miles south of Beatty, Nevada. The center of the purposed SEZ is located 16 miles northwest of the town of Amargosa Valley, Nevada. The proposed SEZ includes a large section of land west and south of Highway 95, with a portion located on the east side of the highway that incorporates part of Steve‘s Pass (see Figure 1). Figure 1 Google Earth Image of the Amargosa Valley SEZ American Indian Study Area (SEZ Outlined in Red) The Amargosa Valley SEZ American Indian study area extends beyond the proposed boundaries of the SEZ and includes the cultural resources in the surrounding landscape. The Amargosa Valley SEZ American Indian study area includes plant communities, geological features, water sources, and trail systems located in and around the proposed SEZ boundary. The trail systems pass through the SEZ American Indian study area and were used by people from neighboring or distance communities to reach nearby medicinal and ceremonial areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Amargosa Toad (Bufo Nelsoni) As a Threatened Or Endangered Species Under the Endangered Species Act
    BEFORE THE SECRETARY OF INTERIOR PETITION TO LIST THE AMARGOSA TOAD (BUFO NELSONI) AS A THREATENED OR ENDANGERED SPECIES UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY and PUBLIC EMPLOYEES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY February 26, 2008 Notice of Petition Dirk Kempthorne, Secretary Steve Thompson, Regional Director Department of the Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1849 C Street, N.W. California and Nevada Region Washington. D.C. 20240 2800 Cottage Way Sacramento, CA 9582 PETITIONERS Lisa T. Belenky, Staff Attorney Daniel R. Patterson The Center for Biological Diversity Ecologist and Southwest Director 1095 Market Street, Suite 511 Public Employees for Environmental San Francisco, CA 94103 Responsibility (PEER) ph: (415) 436-9682 ext 307 738 N. 5th Ave, #210 fax: (415) 436-9683 Tucson, Arizona 85705 520.906.2159 Submitted this 26th day of February, 2008 Pursuant to Section 4(b) of the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”), 16 U.S.C. §1533(b), Section 553(3) of the Administrative Procedures Act, 5 U.S.C. § 553(e), and 50 C.F.R. §424.14(a), the Center for Biological Diversity and Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility hereby petition the Secretary of the Interior, through the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (“USFWS”), to list the Amargosa toad (Bufo nelsoni) as a threatened or endangered species and to designate critical habitat to ensure its recovery. The Center for Biological Diversity (“Center”) is a non-profit, public interest environmental organization dedicated to the protection of native species and their habitats through science, policy, and environmental law. The Center has over 40,000 members throughout the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundwater Geology and Hydrology of Death Valley National Park
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Groundwater Geology and Hydrology of Death Valley National Park, California and Nevada Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NRSS/WRD/NRTR—2012/652 ON THE COVER The Amargosa River in the southeast part of Death Valley National Park during a flash flood in February 2005 Photography by: A. Van Luik Groundwater Geology and Hydrology of Death Valley National Park, California and Nevada Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NRSS/WRD/NRTR—2012/652 M. S. Bedinger Hydrologist U.S. Geological Survey, Retired Carlsborg, WA J. R. Harrill Hydrologist U.S. Geological Survey, Retired Carson City, NV December 2012 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and envi- ronmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scien- tifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and pub- lished in a professional manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Death Valley Speckled Dace
    Petition to List Three Populations of Speckled Dace (Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) in the Death Valley Region Under the Endangered Species Act: Amargosa Canyon Speckled Dace Long Valley Speckled Dace Owens Speckled Dace Owens speckled dace photo by Joe Ferreira, CDFW June 8, 2020 1 Notice of Petition Submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on June 8, 2020. Petitioner Center for Biological Diversity formally requests that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (“USFWS”) expand the endangered listing of the Ash Meadows speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) under the federal Endangered Species Act (“ESA”) to include speckled dace populations in Amargosa Canyon and Owens Valley, California. Based on the best available information, Amargosa Canyon and Owens Valley speckled dace are the same subspecies as Ash Meadows speckled dace, and should be listed as endangered. In addition, petitioner requests that the USFWS list Long Valley speckled dace as endangered, as a separate subspecies. Long Valley speckled dace is recognized by extensive genetic analysis as a separate subspecies, but has yet to be formally described. Alternatively, Petitioner requests that the USFWS list each of the Amargosa Canyon, Owens, and Long Valley speckled dace populations as endangered Distinct Population Segments. Long Valley speckled dace may have recently been extirpated in the wild. Owens speckled dace remain in their natural habitat in only one location. Most of the remaining habitat for Amargosa Canyon speckled dace is under imminent threat of dewatering of the Amargosa River and its tributaries due to excessive groundwater extraction. All three populations qualify for protection as endangered under the ESA.
    [Show full text]
  • Geohydrology of Monitoring Wells Drilled in Oasis Valley Near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997
    U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Geohydrology of Monitoring Wells Drilled in Oasis Valley near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997 Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4184 Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Nevada Operations Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Geohydrology of Monitoring Wells Drilled in Oasis Valley near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, 1997 By Armando R. Robledo, Philip L. Ryder, Joseph M. Fenelon, and Frederick L. Paillet Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4184 Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Nevada Operations Office, under Interagency Agreement DE-AI08-96NV11967 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY THOMAS J. CASADEVALL, Acting Director Any use of trade names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government For additional information Copies of this report can be contact: purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services 333 West Nye Lane, Room 203 Box 25286 Carson City, NV 89706-0866 Denver, CO 80225-0286 email: [email protected] http://nevada.usgs.gov CONTENTS Abstract.................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • As Endangered
    8018 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 42 / Friday, March 1, 1996 / Proposed Rules Powell, R. A. and W. J. Zielinski. 1994. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Oasis Valley (Stejneger 1893). Between Fisher. In: Ruggiero, L. F., K. B. Aubry, Background 1931 and 1981, Amargosa toads were S. W. Buskirk, L. J. Lyon, and W. J. observed at only three sites within Oasis Zielinski, eds.; The Scientific Basis for Section 4(b)(3)(B) of the Endangered Valley and at one isolated spring Conserving Forest Carnivores in the Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act) system, despite intensive searches Western United States: American (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), requires that for Marten, Fisher, Lynx, and Wolverine. (Linsdale 1940, Savage 1959, Altig 1981, any petition to revise the Lists of Altig and Dodd 1987). Thousands of USDA Forest Service, General Technical Endangered and Threatened Wildlife Report RM±254; pp 38±73. Amargosa toads were observed in June and Plants that contains substantial Author: The primary author of this 1958 (Savage 1959). The Amargosa toad scientific or commercial information, a was considered severely restricted in document is Leslie Propp, Western finding be made within 12 months of Washington Office (see ADDRESSES section). distribution and threatened by habitat the date of receipt of the petition on destruction by 1981 (Altig 1981). Authority whether the petitioned action is (a) not During a 1983 survey, Amargosa toads warranted, (b) warranted, or (c) were observed at 11 sites within Oasis The authority for this action is the warranted but precluded from Valley and two isolated spring systems, Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Townn of F Bea Atty Y Are Ea P Plan
    Town of Beatty Area Plan Gateway to Death Valley May 12, 2014 Page Town of Beatty Area Plan – 5/12/2014 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY Cover photo “Beatty from Beatty Mountain courtesy of Richard Stephens. Page | i Town of Beatty Area Plan — 5/12/2014 /// Town of Beatty Area Plan — 5/12/2014 Town of Beatty Area Plan – 5/12/2014 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NYE COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Lorinda Wichman, Vice-Chairman District 1 Frank Carbone District 2 Donna Cox District 3 Andrew “Butch” Borasky District 4 Dan Schinhofen, Chairman District 5 BEATTY AREA PLAN STEERING COMMITTEE Dick Gardner Shirley Harlan Ann Marchand Randy Reed Gary Reid Teresa Sullivan Ryan Tweney La Rene Younghans BEATTY TOWN ADVISORY BOARD Dick Gardner, Chair Kelly Carroll, Vice Chair Erika Gerling, Treasurer Crystal Taylor – Member Randy Reed – Member Carrie Radomski - Secretary THE FOLLOWING ARE GRATEFULLY ACKNOWLEDGED FOR THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO THIS PLAN: Cheryl Beeman, Nye County Planning TerraSpectra Geomatics, mapping and report compilation Joni Eastley, Assistant Nye County Manager Brent Farr, Farr West Engineering Joanie Jarvis – Past Beatty Town Advisory Board member Justin LaPorte, Past Vice Chair Beatty Town Advisory Board Suzy McCoy, Beatty History and Preservation Information Ingrid McKagan, Farr West Engineering Kitty Shubert – Past Beatty Town Advisory Board member Richard Stephens, Photography Lamar Walters – Past Beatty Town Advisory Board member Beatty Water & Sanitation District Nye County Nuclear Waste Repository Project Office The steering committee would like to give special recognition to the late Bert Bertram for his invaluable contributions to this plan and to the Beatty community. Page | iv Town of Beatty Area Plan – 5/12/2014 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY Page | v Town of Beatty Area Plan – 5/12/2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Beatty is an unincorporated town located in the southern portion of Nye County, Nevada.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Evaluation of the Oasis Valley Basin, Nye County, Nevada
    U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U, S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Geologic evaluation of the Oasis Valley basin, Nye County, Nevada by: C. J. Fridrich’, S. A. Minor’, and E. A. Mankinen2 1 USGS, Denver, CO 2 USGS, Menlo Park, CA Open-File Report 99-533-A Prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Depatfment of Energy This reportis preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformitywith U. S. Geological Survey editorial standards (or with the North American Stratigraphic Code). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Geological Survey. 1999 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency. thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. INTRODUCTION This report documents the results of a geologic study of the area between the underground- nuclear-explosion testing areas on Pahute Mesa, in the northwesternmost part of the Nevada Test Site, and the springs in Oasis Valley, to the west of the Test Site.
    [Show full text]
  • CONSERVATION AGREEMENT for the AMARGOSA TOAD (Bufo Nelsonl) and Co-Occurring Sensitive Species in Oasis Valley, Nye County, Nevada
    CONSERVATION AGREEMENT for the AMARGOSA TOAD (Bufo nelsonl) and co-occurring sensitive species in Oasis Valley, Nye County, Nevada Developed cooperatively by: Nevada Division of Wildlife Southern Region - Las Vegas Nye County Department of Natural Resources and Federal Facilities Tonopah US Fish and Wildlife Service Southern Nevada Field Office US Bureau of Land Management Nevada State Office, Reno Tonopah Field Station, Tonopah The Nature Conservancy Southern Nevada Field Office Las Vegas Nevada Natural Heritage Program Carson City University of Nevada, Reno Biological Resources Research Center Nevada Division of Wildlife 1100 Valley Road Reno NV 89512 September 2000 INTRODUCTION This conservation agreement (Agreement) and attached conservation strategy (Strategy) for the Amargosa toad, Bufo nelsoni, have been developed to expedite conservation measures needed for the continued existence of the species for the identified 10·year implementation period. The Agreement will provide guidance and a framework for implementation of cooperative long-term conservation actions to benefit the included species. The Strategy is intended to provide conservation measures during an interim 2·year period, during which time a long·term management plan will be developed. Cooperators signatory to this Agreement have committed to specific conservation actions which will identify and reduce or eliminate threats to the species, and maintain and enhance a properly functioning ecosystem for the Amargosa toad and other indigenous species of Oasis Valley. Although many threats identified in this Agreement are largely speculative. substantial ecological changes associated with the introduction and spread of invasive nonnative species are eliminating native fauna in the western United States. Adverse effects associated with nonnative species is a major concern of Cooperators and will be addressed through various investigations proposed under this Agreement.
    [Show full text]