Quarterly Report

Southern Empowerment and Participation (STEP) Project

April to June 2013

UNDP Thailand Country Office

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. PROJECT SUMMARY….…………………………………….…………………. 3

II. KEY ACHIEVEMENTS……………………………………………….………….. 3

III. PROJECT MONITORING AND EVALUATION………..…………..………... 11

IV. SITUATION IN SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCES...…………………….. 12

V. DISBURSEMENT AND RESOURCE MOBILIZATION ……………..………. 15

ANNEX I: ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS…………………………………..….16

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I. PROJECT SUMMARY

The second quarter of 2013 saw the full implementation of the STEP Project with the community learning centres, the automatic weather stations and the Model for Participatory Sustainable Costal Resources Management in place and functioning. The project in this reporting period focused on enhancing community planning and participation and sharing of good practices to create sustainability of pilot activities. The Comparative Law Codes: Thai and Islam and the Sharia Curriculum were in the drafting process. A series of workshops on the violation of human rights were conducted to pave the way for creating networks for effective protection of women and children rights. The insider peace-building platform (IPP) process was concluded with recommendations to expand the IPP networks in communities. The second round of investigative reporting was initiated to gain a deeper understanding of the Peace Dialogue Process between the National Security Council (NSC) and the Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN). The project initiated additional activities to investigate and monitor peace talks between the Thai government and the BRN, as the formal recognition of a peace process is a major policy shift on the part of the Thai government which prompts the BRN to emerge in the public. The project intended to work with civil society groups, government agencies and relevant organizations to create safety or a road map to pave the way for peace process as it is a legitimate mean of resolving the conflict. The conflict prevention/resolution mechanisms and tools for training of government officials and post-graduate students were in process to gear towards the establishment of Centre of Excellence in building institutional mechanisms for non-violence, civil and inclusive discussions, negotiations and solutions.

II. KEY ACHIEVEMENTS

This section covers key achievements from 1 April to 30 June 2013 based on the following project outputs:

Output 1: Strengthened institutional capacity of community-based organizations (CBOs) and media in promoting social cohesion

In order to strengthen the institutional capacity of community-based organizations to mainstream social cohesion in their community development work, the STEP Project in May 2013 provided grants to three CBOs/CSOs to implement three sub-projects entitled “Community Heritages to Social Cohesion”, “Empowering Community Organizations Network in Participatory Development” and “Participatory Community Wisdoms” through the Institute for Peace Studies (IPS), Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus.

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During this reporting period, the three CBOs/CSOs were in the initial stage in data gathering, introducing the sub-projects to various stakeholders and seeking cooperation from local actors and networks in the southern border provinces. In parallel, IPS completed four activities as planned for the research entitled Social Cohesion Process for Development and Conflict Resolution by CBOs/CSOs in the Southern Border . 1) Conducting secondary research on the local context in order to design concrete methodologies 2) Introducing research objectives and activities to the three CBOs/CSOs sub- project leaders 3) Interviewing CBOs/CSOs in the southern border provinces in order to gain primary sources concerning problems and people’s movements 4) Gathering data in the field using questionnaires in order to assess the level of cooperation and social cohesion through various types of existing public activities

IPS, however, faced some difficulties in conducting field researching and monitoring in Mayo of Pattani due to a high level of violence in the area. The STEP Project at this stage has monitored the progress of the granted sub-projects through field observations.

Despite the recent escalation of incidents and casualties from the violence in the southern border provinces of Thailand, the interests of the media seem to focus on the nature of violence and the impact of incidents, rather than trying to explain to the general public the true nature of the conflict in order to encourage positive results and social cohesion. To fill this gap, the STEP Project has continued to support alternative media. Investigative reporting is one such tool that the STEP Project has applied to promote social cohesion as it intends for the general public to understand the root cause of core conflicts in the southern border provinces through analyzed information from various “insider” sources. Applying alternative media to promote peace in conflict- affected areas, the project in 2012 produced a collection of investigative reporting including history of the southern border provinces, fighting for Merdeka (independence), establishment of insurgent groups, recruiting process of insurgents, and recommendations on peace process.

The signing of General Consensus on Peace Dialogue Process between the National Security Council (NSC) and the Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN) on 28 February in Malaysia has paved the way towards a series of peace talks for the southern border provinces and has become a widely discussed issue. The STEP Project, therefore, has taken a step further to commission a second round of investigative reporting to gain a deeper understanding into the thoughts of insurgent groups as well as to investigate issues critical to peace-building in the southern border provinces. This second

4 investigative reporting serves as a mean of alternative media and seeks to probe major issues relating to peace building in the southern border provinces of Thailand. The journalists will investigate and monitor peace talks between the Thai government and the BRN. This formal recognition of a peace process is a major policy shift on the part of the Thai government and, for the first time, it has prompted the BRN to emerge in the public limelight. However, little is known about the BRN representatives as the media has been unable or unwilling to reach out to them. This investigative reporting will attempt to get their sides of the stories as well as to provide an in-depth reporting on the ongoing peace dialogue.

This investigative reporting, commencing in June 2013, will be completed in November 2013 and will seek views from various parties concerned to gain a better understanding of conflict issues and to shed some lights on peace building in the region.

Under “Young Journalism School”, one media roadshow and eight training workshops were held in Narathiwat and Pattani during this reporting period. At least, 75 young Muslim students together with trainers and those working in the field of journalism attended the media roadshow and workshops to improve their writing news and report writing in both Thai and Malayu reflecting socioeconomic or conflict issues. Eleven news pieces, including “Ramadan Siege Fire” and “Peace at the End of the Tunnel”, were published in three monthly bi-lingual community newsletter (Sinaran) from April to June Each month 500 copies of Sinaran are distributed to communities in the three southern border provinces, and it is published monthly on the Deep South Watch website for wider audience. At least, two Tadika (lower-level private Islamic) schools in Pattani use Senaran as an additional learning tool in a Malayu class.

Output 2: Improved income generation and employment opportunities of communities

Local Community Business has proved to not only improve livelihoods of local people but also enhance social cohesion in the community. Not only do the local woman entrepreneur groups but also many people from the community benefit from this initiative. It brings local government authorities closer to the local people, and sets a good example of community development through improving livelihoods and community-based participatory approaches.

The two community learning centers, run by the woman entrepreneurs groups in of Pattani, are fully functioning to transfer knowledge on product and market development to other local entrepreneur groups and local authorities in other areas. In this reporting period, the learning centres demonstrated good practices on the

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Community Business Process and the Primary Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) to five visiting groups including 32 non-formal education students in Yaring District, 19 woman entrepreneurs from Kapor District and of Pattani, and 24 consumer protection officers from 12 in Pattani.

The Faculty of Communication Science, PSU Pattani, with the support of the STEP Project, is in the process of producing IEC materials, consisting of Handbook on Steps to Sustainable Community Business Development, DVD Animation on Youth and Community Business, Short Documentary on Improving Community Business and Radio Spots, to make it easy for local people to understand how sustainable community business can be made possible and that anyone can make it happens. It is expected that the IEC materials will be completed and distributed in October 2013.

Output 3: Enhanced legal awareness of local communities and strengthen capacity of legal aid organizations to facilitate local access to effective legal services

Sharia is considered the moral code and religious law of Islam. Although Thailand allows limited use of Sharia law in the southern border provinces for settling family and inheritance issues, the project sees the need to raise awareness of local communities on both civil law and applicable Islamic rules through comparative law codes to enable local people and government officers to understand the legal system applied in the southern border provinces to reduce tension and promote social cohesion in communities.

During this reporting period, the College of Islamic Studies conducted six workshops to draft the Comparative Law Codes: Thai and Islam. Four committees were established based on four categories: 1) Loan/Deposit, 2) Purchasing/Exchange, 3) Guaranteeing/Pawning, and 4) Renting/Leasing. The pretest on the Law Codes is planned for September using potential Law students. The College of Islamic Studies, in parallel, drafted “Sharia Curriculum” for the general public. Three workshops were organized in drafting and developing the curriculum. Six modules are: 1) Islam in Everyday Life, 2) Islamic Business Law, 3) Islamic Criminal Law and Law of Governance, 4) Family and Inheritance Law, 5) System of Islamic Law, and 6) Challenges in Islamic Law. IEC materials, consisting of 16 radio spots (8 in Thai and 8 in Malayu) for community radio and two short films, have been developed as a comprehensive tool for local people and government officers. The materials focus on civil rights, commercial law, Sharia and social norms.

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The Cross Cultural Foundation (CrCF) has partnered with two local legal aid agencies: Duayjai Group and Human Rights Supporting Network (HAP), in implementing Legal Capacity Building for CBOs/CSOs Working on Women and Children Rights in the Southern Border Provinces of Thailand. The activity aims to secure the protection and promotion of women and children rights and to establish effective legal empowerment mechanisms for women and children in the southern border provinces based on pre- existing CSO structures.

On 19 June, 36 participants from government agencies and civil society groups in the southern border provinces attended the workshop to enhance their skills to better understand the violation of human rights and to pave the way for effective protection of women and children rights. The workshop was addressed by a representative from the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). In addition to this, two bi- monthly fact-sheets on the human rights situation of women and children (April/May and June/July) were distributed to local civil society networks. They are also available on Facebook and Blog: www.voicefromthais.wordpress.com to ensure wider audience. The first issue is to introduce legal aid agencies working on human rights in the southern border provinces: Duayjai Group, HAP, Deep South Women Association for Peace (Deep Peace); and to present View from State report to United Nations CRC Committee: Children in the Southern Border of Thailand. 1,932 women and 419 children under 15 were reported casualties of violence from 4 January 2004 to 30 April 20131. The second issue further explores the roles of women in the peace process and provides the basic knowledge of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).

From the above activities, it is found that the knowledge and understanding of women and children on human rights is rather limited. Women and children need to be empowered to understand and exercise their own rights and to make use of legal mechanisms available effectively. Women should be encouraged to be more engaged in the peace building process so that their voices can be heard. The project intends to create a network of at least 40 activists to work on data collection on the violation of rights, to conduct basic fact-findings and to assist and refer cases. Handbook on Data Collection on Women and Children Rights Violation will be developed to suit the context of the southern border provinces and to serve the needs of those working in the area.

Output 4: Strengthened capacity of local administration in participatory planning and budgeting

The three practical recommendation packages for mainstreaming conflict prevention/resolution and building social cohesion in local governance were presented

1 Deep South Watch as of 30 April 2013

7 to the Director of the Office of Decentralization to Local Government Organization Committee (DLOC) and relevant officials at the Prime Minister’s Office on 14 June. The packages will subsequently be made into a series of publication to be used for strengthening the capacity of local authorities in the three southern border provinces in initiating and engaging in participatory planning and budgeting processes and strengthening citizen participation in development planning and resource.

On the same day, Asst Prof Bussabong Chaijaroenwatana, the Director of Institute for Peace Studies and the Chairperson of STEP Project Management Committee, presented the Six Models of Patani Mahanakorn, developed by a network of 23 organizations including the Institute for Peace Studies, the Center for the Study of Conflict and Cultural Diversity (CSCD), King Prajadhipok’s Institute (KPI) and Deep South Watch (DSW), since 2009. The models suggest structures that would establish elected governors for each province rather or a single governor for the entire region, and either keep in place or dissolve current decentralized bodies. The Director of DLOC expressed his interest in cooperation with UNDP and the STEP Project on decentralization models in the southern border provinces.

Based on the recommendation packages and research findings from the experts on decentralization and local government, the STEP Project met with Dr Thawilwadee Bureekul, Director of Research and Development Office, King Prajadhipok's Institute (KPI), and her team in June to discuss the collaboration in strengthening a local government in the southern border provinces of Thailand by building a pattern of participatory process for development planning and participatory budgeting. The possible outcomes include: (1) Database on Community Social Capital in selected communities; (2) A training manual and lessons learned on strengthening community development in conflicted areas; (3) Three pilot communities as a case study in the three southern border provinces. The next meeting with KPI has been planned in July to discuss the detailed activity and budget proposal.

Output 5: Strengthened local level natural resources and natural disaster management

The Friends in Need (of “PA”) Volunteers Foundation in cooperation with the Faculty of Science and Technology, PSU Pattani, completed their work in installing seven automatic weather stations (AWS) in the three southern border provinces on 20 June. The seven pilot stations are now in place and functioning in seven disaster-prone areas in the three southern border provinces:

AWS-01: Faculty of Science and Technology, PSU Pattani (prototype)

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AWS-02: Pattani Bay at Patabudee Sub-district Administrative Office (to monitor areas around Pattani Bay) AWS-03: Muang District of Yala (to monitor floods around Pattani River) AWS-04: Saiburi District of Pattani (landslide and storm prone area) AWS-05: Takbai District of Narathiwat (coastal erosions prone area) AWS-06: Ruesoa District of Narathiwat (floods prone area) AWS-07: Sukirin District of Narathiwat (landslide prone area)

On 10 May, 195 natural disaster management volunteers (religious leaders, community leaders, health volunteers and local people) from both Muslim and Buddhist communities, and government officers from the Provincial Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Offices in Pattani, Yala and Narathiwat were trained on the use and monitoring automatic weather stations and natural disaster warning systems. In addition to this, the volunteers and networks were equipped with the knowledge on geographical areas, social capital mapping (strengthens and weaknesses) and disaster preparedness plan for their communities. The list of volunteers and networks was created and disseminated to communities where the automatic weather stations are located.

In parallel, the Faculty of Science and Technology, PSU Pattani, developed the “Model for Participatory Sustainable Costal Resources Management in Pattani Bay: A Case Study of Green Mussels (P. viridis)”. This is a pilot model to use green mussels, the dominant economic shellfish in Pattani Bay, to monitor the physical changes of Pattani Bay focusing on local fishery and food security, and to work with community volunteers to create social cohesion/capital as crosscutting issues in the communities. The expected outputs are: (1) identify factors affecting the changes of Pattani Bay, (2) create database to be integrated in the community resource management planning, (3) explore suitable mussel culture and harvestable areas models to increase the quality of fishery for nearby communities, and (4) create community participation in resource management planning and sustainability.

During this reporting period, three mussel farms were built in Pattani Bay close to Prince of Songkla University using 900 poles and 4,000 bamboos for baby mussels to grow on. Data collection and analysis on the quality of water and the monitoring of the growth of mussels have been done monthly, starting in April. Community focus group discussions have been conducted on a regular basis with local people in nearby communities, providing them with cultivation techniques and raising awareness on the impact of the changes of Pattani Bay. The model will be concluded in December 2013 with lessons learned and suitable techniques for coastal communities.

Output 6: Increased knowledge of and exposure to various governance models and practices among key government officials

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This multi-donor action research focuses not only on creating the insider peace-building platform (IPP) tools and process, but also on the systematic assessment and analysis of results to ensure that IPP will effectively respond to the peace building in the southern border provinces. The challenges remain in the assessing and building the capacity of IPP participants in order for them to apply tools in developing a peace plan and network in their communities/areas.

In this reporting period, the Center for Conflict Studies and Cultural Diversity (CSCD) and Deep South Watch (DSW) organized Conflict Analysis Workshop VIII and Conflict Analysis Workshop IX as part of the IPP process.

As one of the IPP supporters, the STEP Project attended both workshops organized on 20-22 April and 25-27 May respectively. The eighth workshop aimed to analyse the present scenario of the peace process between the Thai Government and the Barisan Revolusi Nasional (BRN) and discuss the IPP roles in creating safety nets for the peace process. The ninth workshop was a sequel of the previous one to assess and monitor the series of peace process, and to analyse the demands of the Thai Government and BRN. The IPP process was concluded in June and the final report will be submitted in July, which will be summarized and reported in the next quarter.

Output 7: Enhanced knowledge and capacities of government officials at the provincial level to provide effective dispute resolution mechanism

The project has worked with the Institute for Peace Studies (IPS), the Centre for Conflict Studies and Cultural Diversity (CSCD) and the College of Islamic Studies to create “Centre of Excellence” in building institutional mechanisms for non-violence, civil and inclusive discussions, negotiations and solutions through designing and offering induction courses and curriculums and serving as a resource centre to enhance social cohesion and dispute resolution for government officials and post-graduate students.

Since 1 June 2013, Prof Andrea Molnar from the Department of Anthropology, Northern Illinois University, USA, has been hired as International Conflict Prevention/Resolution Expert for IPS and CSCD.

Her two-month assignment includes:

1. Conduct desk review on needs and capacities of the Institute for Peace Studies; 2. Design conflict prevention/resolution mechanisms and tools for training of government officials and post-graduate students in the three southern border provinces of Thailand:

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a. Design curricula for post-graduation (PhD) programmes and short training courses for specific groups for the Institute for Peace Studies b. Give a lecture on a specific conflict prevention/resolution theme for post- graduate students at the Institute for Peace Studies c. Provide training for lecturers of Institute for Peace Studies on conflict prevention/resolution modules. d. Present lessons learned and comparative case studies on models of peace processes in Timor, Mindanao and Aceh for NGOs/CSOs in a small size international conference or symposium.

By the end of Prof Molnar’s assignment, it is expected that IPS will have international post-graduate curricula and conflict prevention/resolution mechanisms and tools in place, and that the IPS lecturers will be equipped with different models of peace processes and teaching techniques.

On 9 June, People’s College organized the Graduation Ceremony for 93 graduates (potential young people and community leaders) of the “Leaders in Transferring Conflict to Peace” Course at Price of Songkla University, Pattani Campus. The certificates were presented to the graduates by Asst Prof Srisompob Jitpiromsri, the Director of CSCD/Deep South Watch and the Vice-chairperson of STEP Project Management Committee. It is expected that the 93 graduates will organize public forums in their in the three southern border provinces to expand peace networks (Peace Net) using common social values to communicate on conflict management/peace. People’s College will follow up and monitor the Peace Net every six months. The Graduation Ceremony, with 800 attendants, was followed by the Symposium “Wawasan Patani”: Peace in Patani 2020. Renowned peace experts such as Dr Norbert Ropers, Director of Berghof Foundation, Germany, and Asst Prof Suchart Setthamalinee, Director of Institute of Religion, Cultures and Peace, Payap University, were invited to increase awareness on the role of the general public in peace building at the symposium.

III. PROJECT MONITORING AND EVALUATION

The STEP Project experienced 40 percent delivery in this reporting period due to full implementation and monitoring of all outputs despite higher violent incidents. The project staffs were divided into two teams to monitor the implementation of all seven outputs, and the project managed to speed up activities to catch up with the time lost during the previous quarter. The STEP Project has past its mid-term which is the ideal point in time for a critical assessment of the results achieved by the project so far. The STEP Project and UNDP Thailand have decided to review the project’s overall impact, direction and link it to an analysis of entry points for future peace building and

11 development programming which can be built on the foundation of the STEP project in September 2013.

IV. SITUATION IN SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCES

The violence incidents and casualties are higher during this reporting period than those during the last quarters, with 488 incidents and 378 casualties (138 fatalities and 240 injuries).

Overall government policy responses and actions during this reporting period were initiated according to the results of peace talks as to the calls from the BRN that the Thai government must address the so-called “justice issues” in the southern border provinces. Despite the demand from the Thai government to BRN not to attack the so- called “soft targets” (civilians especially children, women and elder people), these targets were still be seen as victims of violence in the area. On 28 April, one day before the second round of peace dialogue, the BRN issued its five demands to authorities via a Youtube video clip.

BRN issues demands on Youtube

1. “Siam” (Thai government) must accept the role of the Malaysian government as ‘mediator’ of the peace talks and not just as ‘facilitator’. 2. The peace talks will be attended by the Melayu Pattanis led by BRN, and the Thai government. 3. ASEAN members, the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) and other non-government organizations must be allowed to witness the talks. 4. Thai authorities must release all detained suspects and suspend and revoke all arrest warrants concerning national security cases without condition. 5. The BRN’s status must be recognized as a Patani liberation movement, not a separatist group.

This phenomenon led to the new political environment of peace process in the southern border provinces, putting forwards challenges for Thai and Malaysian Governments. There was hope that peace dialogues will take a step forward to peace negotiation as witnessed in several conditions - Malaysia as a mediator, international observers, and acceptance of BRN as liberation movement not separatists. The calls for international involvement will put several pressures on the Thai government as well as to ensure the procedure meets the application of international laws. Although the Thai government was unable to accept the five BRN demands, the government planned to revoke arrest warrants for suspected insurgents in the southern border provinces as part of its latest strategy. The "go soft" approach intended to demonstrate the government’s sincerity

12 about the peace dialogue process and to persuade the BRN and other insurgent groups to respond in kind.

Mr Aziz Benhawan, Chairman of the Advisory Council to Promote Peace in the Southern Border Provinces, appointed 14 committee members to provide guidance on peace talks between the Thai Government and BRN (Order number 17/2556 signed on 20 May 2013). The committee members consist of religious leaders (Buddhism and Islam), Academic personnel, local authorities, heads of Pondok Schools and representatives of CSOs. Asst Prof Srisompob Jitpiromsri (PSU Pattani) and Mr Muhamad Ayub Patan (Deep South Watch), STEP project counterparts, are also in the committee.

This committee is responsible for: 1. Propose and recommend measures, models, methods and detailed points for the peace talks between the Thai Government and BRN; 2. Report on implementations or studies that are useful for peace talks between the Thai Government and those with different opinions and beliefs to the Advisory Council to Promote Peace in the Southern Border Provinces; and 3. Implement activities as assigned by the Advisory Council to Promote Peace in the Southern Border Provinces.

On 24 May, the BRN issued its second Youtube video clip as a follow up to the first video clip on 28 April. The demands were unable to be met by the Thai government.

Second BRN demands

1. The peace talks are considered between Patani warriors led by BRN and the Thai State. 2. The BRN agrees for Malaysia to be the Mediator directly involving in the peace process. 3. Representatives from ASEAN countries, OIC and NGOs should be present at all times to witness the peace process. 4. The Thai Government has to accept the fact that Patani Malayu people have the ownership right over “Patani”. 5. The BRN calls for blanket revocation of all the arrest warrants and unconditional release of all detainees in security-related cases.

It seemed the third round of talks on 13 June made the most progress so far as both parties agreed to reduce the level of violence attacks during the month of Ramadan, which starts in early July. The Thai representatives agreed to stop searching and

13 surrounding missions during the period while the BRN promised to reduce violent attacks.

In addition to this, the Southern Border Province Administrative Center (SBPAC) on behalf of the government planned to move over 200 suspected persons who have been detained in Bang Kwang prison to local prisons in southern provinces before the beginning of holy month of Ramadan in order to facilitate visits from their family members. Moreover, the Chief of SBPAC also proposed the Ministry of Justice to extend the authority of local prisons in Yala, Narathiwat, Pattani, Songkla, and Betong in Yala to be able to host prisoners or suspected persons of high level of accusation.

Third BRN demands

The BRN representative Hassan Taib on 26 June declared that the group would agree to reduce military operations in Yala, Narathiwat, Pattani and five districts of Songkla during the month of Ramadan on condition that:

1. The Thai government withdraws all troops, paramilitary forces, and all police officers. 2. The 4th Army withdraws military forces deployed in rural areas. 3. Police officers and border police be withdrawn from all kampongs (villages). 4. All Muslims security volunteers are to be exempted from working during Ramadan so that they can attend to religious matters and spend time with their families. 5. The government does not conduct any attacks, restrictions (on movement), or arrests. 6. The government does not conduct any social activities related to the month of Ramadan. 7. The terms and conditions are to be signed by Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra and announced to the public on 3 July 2013.

The BRN also issued four other provisos:

1. That the five demands issued by the BRN on 28 April be endorsed by the parliament. 2. That the peace talks be made part of the national agenda. 3. That the status of delegation head be determined and fixed. 4. That no secret and/or hidden talks are held (aside from the peace talks referred to in this announcement

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After the bomb blast in Yala killed eight military officers and injured two on 29 June, the spokesperson of Internal Security Operations Command 4 Front insisted that military will pursue the same or even tighter security operations in the area as affirmed by the Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Army, General Prayuth Chan-ocha in order to ensure laws and orders as well as human rights protection and justice during the Islamic month of Ramadan. Its strategies are to resolve problems from district command throughout the targeted communities to meet the needs of local people. This seems to be opposed to the demands of BRN, expressed via the latest BRN demands on 26 June. These disputed demands and intentions have raised a number of skeptics on how this peace process will continue under this tensed circumstance where daily attacks on security forces and civilians have continued. The National Security Council Secretary- General Paradorn Pattanathabutr insisted the talks shall continue and the BRN demands will be considered when officially delivered through the facilitator - Malaysia only.

V. DISBURSEMENT AND RESOURCE MOBILIZATION

From 1 January to 30 June 2013, USD 412,289 (60.92 per cent) out of the total annual budget (2013) of USD 691,510 was disbursed as per outputs as follows:

Output Amount (USD$) 1. Strengthened capacity of CBOs 192,910

2. Improved income and employment 39,557

3. Legal awareness of local communities 24,893

4. Strengthened capacity of local government 15,587

5. Natural disaster management 37,350

6. Knowledge on government models 13,606

7. Provide effective dispute resolution mechanism 16,624

8. M&E 71,762

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

APR Annual Project Report AWP Annual Work Plan BCPR Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery BRN Barisan Revolusi Nasional CPAP Country Programme Action Plan CSCD Centre for Conflict Studies and Cultural Diversity CSO Civil Society Organization GMS General Management Service HAI Human Achievement Index HAP Hak Asasi Prikemanusian IPS Institute for Peace Studies ISOC Internal Security Operations Command ISS Implementation Support Service LEP Legal Empowerment Project LOA Letter of Agreement MAC Muslim Attorney Center Foundation MDG Millennium Development Goals MoI Ministry of Interior MoJ Ministry of Justice NEX National Execution NGO Non-Governmental Organization NHDR National Human Development Report NRC National Reconciliation Commission PEG Project Executive Group PSU Prince of Songkla University RCB Regional Centre in Bangkok ROAR Results-Oriented Annual Report RTG The Royal Thai Government SBPAC Southern Border Provinces Administration Centre STEP Southern Thailand Empowerment and Participation Project TAO Administrative Organization ToR Term of Reference TPBS Thai Public Broadcasting Service TPR Tripartite Review UNCT United Nations Country Team UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNPAF United Nations Partnership Framework

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