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Sufficiency Economy Philosophy: Thailand’s Path towards Sustainable Development Goals Second Edition A special publication of the for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand Published in commemoration of the Special Presentation of the United Nations Development Programme’s “Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award” to His Majesty the Late King Bhumibol Adulyadej on 26 May 2006 26 May 2017 Published in commemoration of the Special Presentation of the United Nations Development Programme’s Sufficiency Economy Philosophy: “Human Development Lifetime Achievement Award” Thailand’s Path towards to His Majesty the Late King Bhumibol Adulyadej on 26 May 2006 Sustainable Development Goals 26 May 2017 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kingdom of Thailand Second Edition 30 SDG 1: No poverty: End poverty in all its forms everywhere 7 36 Special Interview with Her Royal Highness SDG 2: Zero hunger: Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on His Majesty End hunger, achieve food security and improved King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Guiding Principles for nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture National Development 42 SDG 3: Good health and well-being: 25 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being Message from His Excellency General Prayut for all at all ages Chan-o-cha (Retired), Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Thailand 48 SDG 4: Quality education: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education 26 and promote life-long learning opportunities for all Message from His Excellency Mr. Kofi Annan, Nobel Peace Laureate and former United Nations Secretary-General, Chair of The Kofi Annan Foundation 54 SDG 5: Gender equality: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls 27 Introduction 60 SDG 6: Clean water and sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all 4 64 98 SDG 7: Affordable and clean energy: SDG 13: Climate action: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable Take urgent action to combat climate change and modern energy for all and its impacts 102 70 SDG 14: Life below water: SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable seas and marine resources for sustainable economic growth, full and productive development employment and decent work for all 108 76 SDG 15: Life on land: SDG 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure: Protect, restore and promote, sustainable use Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage and sustainable industrialisation forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse and foster innovation land degradation, and halt biodiversity loss 82 114 SDG 10: Reduced inequalities: SDG 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions: Reduce inequality within and among countries Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable 88 and inclusive institutions at all levels SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable 118 SDG 17: Partnerships for the goals: Strengthen the means of implementation 92 and revitalise the global partnership for SDG 12: Responsible consumption and sustainable development production: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns 124 Epilogue by His Excellency Mr. Don Pramudwinai, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand 5 6 Special Interview with Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn On His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Guiding Principles for National Development Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn graciously granted an audience to Dr. Sumet Tantivejkul, Secretary-General of the Chaipattana Foundation, in his capacity as adviser to the working group on the production of a commemorative book, The Development King: for the Benefit of the People, and other executives of the Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) and members of the working group comprising Mr. Arkhom Termpittayapaisith, Mrs. Penja Onchit, Mr. Porametee Vimolsiri, Mr. Sutin Leepiyachart, Ms. Kanyarak Srithongrung and Mrs. Chantip Palanandana, on Monday 20 June 2011, at Chaipattana Building, Chitralada Palace. They conducted an interview with Her Royal Highness on His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s method of operating and guiding principles in development work, and Her Royal Highness’s experience in accompanying His Majesty on various royal visits. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expresses its sincere appreciation to the Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board for permitting the use of the latter’s copyrighted material to translate into English so that others may continue to benefit from applying His Majesty’s guiding principles to their development needs. 7 Solving people’s problems through a from His Majesty’s constant efforts in solving body of knowledge problems until those solutions eventually became theories. I am of the opinion that His Majesty His Majesty’s guiding principles and concepts in does not form any hypothesis as dictated by development, as are commonly known, focus on some philosophy or theory and then finds suitable how things can be improved upon with a view to examples to put such theory into practice. Rather, achieving greater prosperity and on what course I feel that His Majesty has acquired countless of action should be taken when people encounter examples from his travels throughout the country hardship. His Majesty relies on his existing to witness firsthand the real problems. knowledge or, if such knowledge is lacking in important areas, seeks further knowledge through Developing with a view to achieving research and consultation with gurus on the subject matter. His Majesty then applies knowledge thus sustainable development acquired with the resolve to bring about greater The objective of His Majesty’s development benefits to his people. His Majesty does not care approach is to achieve “sustainable development” how much difficulty he himself will encounter. If to improve people’s livelihoods without destroying such course of action is deemed appropriate, he the environment and to make people happy with has the moral courage and conviction to see it due consideration to geographical conditions, through. If His Majesty encounters problems or religious beliefs, racial groups, economic and objections, he will consider revising his approach, social backgrounds. Although there are various and not circumvent the problems. His Majesty is development approaches, the most important patient, determined, careful and circumspect in attributes of a development practitioner are love, his approach. caring, responsibility and respect for fellow human beings. It is plain to see that development directly His Majesty has accumulated his fundamental relates to mankind and is a matter of having the knowledge by conversing with officials working right mindset. on the case. From there, His Majesty has gradually built his own body of knowledge. After Development work is not only about sacrifice but a long period of time, His Majesty has become is also about self-interest. As humans are social so experienced and adept that he can give an animals, we all have to live together. If we lead estimate of the cost of a development project all easy and happy lives with all creature comforts by himself. while others suffer, we simply cannot go on living. Development practitioners should have a public Applying knowledge in an integrated mindset and care about others, wanting to see manner without forming any hypothesis others have better lives and well-being. In addition, His Majesty always deploys His Majesty always teaches that development knowledge and technical know-how in a work must answer the needs of the target group multidisciplinary manner, or what is referred to and that all parties involved must be satisfied. nowadays as “integration”, without omitting any Development work is difficult and time-consuming. aspect. For instance, if a project is feasible from Development workers or “development practitioners” an engineering perspective but not economically must be patient, determined to do good deeds, viable, or if a project is economically sound and always kind to others, ready to relieve others appropriate from an engineering perspective, but of their sufferings and make them happy. They unconducive to the happiness and progress of must possess vast knowledge as development the locals, then that project is not implementable. work cuts across many disciplines. Above all, development workers must have good human When His Majesty comes across people in relations, understand, and respect others as distress, he will help them right away if possible. development work cannot be carried out His Majesty does not form any hypothesis successfully on one’s own. beforehand and then acts in accordance with it. The New Theory, or any other theories, resulted 8 Mae Hae Royal Project Development Centre In addition, development practitioners must be honest and earnest. If development practitioners themselves were prone to corruption or cheating, they would be despised, distrusted or would not set good examples for others. When development work is complete, prosperity and happiness will be enjoyed, not only by the target group but also by the development practitioners themselves. By doing so and with the good intention to help others despite any hardship one may face, a development worker must hold on
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