Kashmir & Ladakh Tour
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Glacier Elevation and Mass Changes in Himalayas During 2000-2014
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2019-85 Manuscript under review for journal The Cryosphere Discussion started: 29 April 2019 c Author(s) 2019. CC BY 4.0 License. Glacier elevation and mass changes in Himalayas during 2000-2014 Debmita Bandyopadhyay1, Gulab Singh1, Anil V.Kulkarni2 1Center of Studies in Resources Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 400076, India 5 2Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India Abstract Glacier mass balance is a crucial parameter to understand the changes in glaciers. For the Himalayas, it is more complex as glaciers have a heterogeneous pattern of elevation and mass changes. In this study, 10 mass balance using geodetic method is estimated, for which we utilize SRTM and TanDEM-X global digital elevation models (DEMs) of the year 2000 and 2012-2014 respectively. The unique feature of this study is that the dataset are prepared using repeat bistatic synthetic aperture radar interferometry which has not been used over the rugged Himalayan terrains on such a large-scale. The elevation and mass change measurements cover seven states namely Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, 15 Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh. The mean elevation change is -0.45 ± 0.40 m yr -1 and the mass budget is -11.24 ± 0.79 Gt yr -1. However, the cumulative mass loss over the observation period of 2000-2014 is -154.72 ± 19.04 Gt which accounts for approximately 5% of the total ice-mass present in the Indian Himalayas. This ice-mass loss contributes to 0.42 ± 0.05 mm of sea- level rise. -
Monsoon-Influenced Glacier Retreat in the Ladakh Range, Jammu And
Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 18, EGU2016-166, 2016 EGU General Assembly 2016 © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Monsoon-influenced glacier retreat in the Ladakh Range, Jammu and Kashmir Tom Chudley, Evan Miles, and Ian Willis Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge ([email protected]) While the majority of glaciers in the Himalaya-Karakoram mountain chain are receding in response to climate change, stability and even growth is observed in the Karakoram, where glaciers also exhibit widespread surge- type behaviour. Changes in the accumulation regime driven by mid-latitude westerlies could explain such stability relative to the monsoon-fed glaciers of the Himalaya, but a lack of detailed meteorological records presents a challenge for climatological analyses. We therefore analyse glacier changes for an intermediate zone of the HKH to characterise the transition between the substantial retreat of Himalayan glaciers and the surging stability of Karakoram glaciers. Using Landsat imagery, we assess changes in glacier area and length from 1991-2014 across a ∼140 km section of the Ladakh Range, Jammu and Kashmir. Bordering the surging, stable portion of the Karakoram to the north and the Western Himalaya to the southeast, the Ladakh Range represents an important transitional zone to identify the potential role of climatic forcing in explaining differing glacier behaviour across the region. A total of 878 glaciers are semi-automatically identified in 1991, 2002, and 2014 using NDSI (thresholds chosen between 0.30 and 0.45) before being manually corrected. Ice divides and centrelines are automatically derived using an established routine. Total glacier area for the study region is in line with that Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) and ∼25% larger than the GLIMS Glacier Database, which is apparently more conservative in assigning ice cover in the accumulation zone. -
Ethnobotany of Ladakh (India) Plants Used in Health Care
T. Ethnobivl, 8(2);185-194 Winter 1988 ETHNOBOTANY OF LADAKH (INDIA) PLANTS USED IN HEALTH CARE G. M. BUTH and IRSHAD A. NAVCHOO Department of Botany University of Kashmir Srinagar 190006 India ABSTRACf.-This paper puts on record the ethnobotanical information of some plants used by inhabitants of Ladakh (India) for medicine, A comparison of the uses of these plants in Ladakh and other parts of India reveal that 21 species have varied uses while 19 species are not reported used. INTRODUCTION Ladakh (elev. 3000-59G(}m), the northernmost part of India is one of the most elevated regions of the world with habitation up to 55(}(}m. The general aspect is of barren topography. The climate is extremely dry with scanty rainfall and very little snowfall (Kachroo et al. 1976). The region is traditionally rich in ethnic folklore and has a distinct culture as yet undisturbed by external influences. The majority of the population is Buddhist and follow their own system of medicine, which has been in vogue for centuries and is extensively practiced. It offers interesting insight into an ancient medical profession. The system of medicine is the"Amchi system" (Tibetan system) and the practi tioner, an"Amchi." The system has something in common with the "Unani" (Greek) and"Ayurvedic" (Indian) system of medicine. Unani is the traditional system which originated in the middle east and was followed and developed in the Muslim world; whereas the Ayurvedic system is that followed by Hindus since Rig vedic times. Both are still practiced in India. Though all the three systems make USe of herbs (fresh and dry), minerals, animal products, etc., the Amchi system, having evolved in its special environment, has its own characteristics. -
Abode of Goddess Sharda
Abode of Goddess Sharda At Shardi I – Mother’s Grace {Mahima}, Sharda Mahatmaya And Grandeur - Brigadier Rattan Kaul {I dedicate this effort to Grace {Mahima} of Goddess Sharda for the benefit of my and Gen-X, who may not know much about Goddess Sharda and her implied benevolence to our Sharda Desh. This article is also a gift to Gen-X, like Naveen, who know more of our religion, culture and heritage than men of their age. Along with era scholars and personalities associated with Sharda Temple during various century’s, I have given brief details about them to make it more informative. Each part is self explanatory with notes to avoid reference to previous part.…Rattan} Mahima {Grace} Of Mother Sharda. As a young boy I got used to hear folk tales of Sone Kisli and other tales from Granny Zapar Ded, but what interested me was her narration of travelogue of Pandit Bhawani Kaul of 18th Century {Descendant of Pandit Narain Kaul; who wrote History of Kashmir during Akbar’s time}. His travels through dense forests in quest of spiritual and literary enlightenment kept me, an eight-year-old, gazing at her next lip movement, however, it was Bhawani Kaul’s challenging pilgrimage to Gangabal and Sharda Temple which impressed me most. At Matamal uncle would hold court at his Rehbab Sahib residence and amongst various discourses, Pandit Harjoo Fehrist’s {Mid 19th Century; social reformer and staunch Vedhist} visits to Sharda Temple, till he lost his life at the temple, held us spell bound. Those days Goddess Sharda meant a lot to me, in my quest to do well in studies. -
And Daemonic Buddhism in India and Tibet
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2012 The Raven and the Serpent: "The Great All- Pervading R#hula" Daemonic Buddhism in India and Tibet Cameron Bailey Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES THE RAVEN AND THE SERPENT: “THE GREAT ALL-PERVADING RHULA” AND DMONIC BUDDHISM IN INDIA AND TIBET By CAMERON BAILEY A Thesis submitted to the Department of Religion in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Religion Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2012 Cameron Bailey defended this thesis on April 2, 2012. The members of the supervisory committee were: Bryan Cuevas Professor Directing Thesis Jimmy Yu Committee Member Kathleen Erndl Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the thesis has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii For my parents iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank, first and foremost, my adviser Dr. Bryan Cuevas who has guided me through the process of writing this thesis, and introduced me to most of the sources used in it. My growth as a scholar is almost entirely due to his influence. I would also like to thank Dr. Jimmy Yu, Dr. Kathleen Erndl, and Dr. Joseph Hellweg. If there is anything worthwhile in this work, it is undoubtedly due to their instruction. I also wish to thank my former undergraduate advisor at Indiana University, Dr. Richard Nance, who inspired me to become a scholar of Buddhism. -
Field Guide Mammals of Ladakh ¾-Hðgå-ÅÛ-Hýh-ºiô-;Ým-Mû-Ç+Ô¼-¾-Zçàz-Çeômü
Field Guide Mammals of Ladakh ¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-hÝh-ºIô-;Ým-mÛ-Ç+ô¼-¾-zÇÀz-Çeômü Tahir Shawl Jigmet Takpa Phuntsog Tashi Yamini Panchaksharam 2 FOREWORD Ladakh is one of the most wonderful places on earth with unique biodiversity. I have the privilege of forwarding the fi eld guide on mammals of Ladakh which is part of a series of bilingual (English and Ladakhi) fi eld guides developed by WWF-India. It is not just because of my involvement in the conservation issues of the state of Jammu & Kashmir, but I am impressed with the Ladakhi version of the Field Guide. As the Field Guide has been specially produced for the local youth, I hope that the Guide will help in conserving the unique mammal species of Ladakh. I also hope that the Guide will become a companion for every nature lover visiting Ladakh. I commend the efforts of the authors in bringing out this unique publication. A K Srivastava, IFS Chief Wildlife Warden, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir 3 ÇSôm-zXôhü ¾-hÐGÅ-mÛ-ºWÛG-dïm-mP-¾-ÆôG-VGÅ-Ço-±ôGÅ-»ôh-źÛ-GmÅ-Å-h¤ÛGÅ-zž-ŸÛG-»Ûm-môGü ¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-Å-GmÅ-;Ým-¾-»ôh-qºÛ-Åï¤Å-Tm-±P-¤ºÛ-MãÅ-‚Å-q-ºhÛ-¾-ÇSôm-zXôh-‚ô-‚Å- qôºÛ-PºÛ-¾Å-ºGm-»Ûm-môGü ºÛ-zô-P-¼P-W¤-¤Þ-;-ÁÛ-¤Û¼-¼Û-¼P-zŸÛm-D¤-ÆâP-Bôz-hP- ºƒï¾-»ôh-¤Dm-qôÅ-‚Å-¼ï-¤m-q-ºÛ-zô-¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-Ç+h-hï-mP-P-»ôh-‚Å-qôº-È-¾Å-bï-»P- zÁh- »ôPÅü Åï¤Å-Tm-±P-¤ºÛ-MãÅ-‚ô-‚Å-qô-h¤ÛGÅ-zž-¾ÛÅ-GŸôm-mÝ-;Ým-¾-wm-‚Å-¾-ºwÛP-yï-»Ûm- môG ºô-zôºÛ-;-mÅ-¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zž-Tm-mÛ-Åï¤Å-Tm-ÆâP-BôzÅ-¾-wm-qºÛ-¼Û-zô-»Ûm- hôm-m-®ôGÅ-¾ü ¼P-zŸÛm-D¤Å-¾-ºfh-qô-»ôh-¤Dm-±P-¤-¾ºP-wm-fôGÅ-qºÛ-¼ï-z-»Ûmü ºhÛ-®ßGÅ-ºô-zM¾-¤²h-hï-ºƒÛ-¤Dm-mÛ-ºhÛ-hqï-V-zô-q¼-¾-zMz-Çeï-Çtï¾-hGôÅ-»Ûm-môG Íï-;ï-ÁÙÛ-¶Å-b-z-ͺÛ-Íïw-ÍôÅ- mGÅ-±ôGÅ-Åï¤Å-Tm-ÆâP-Bôz-Çkï-DG-GÛ-hqôm-qô-G®ô-zô-W¤- ¤Þ-;ÁÛ-¤Û¼-GŸÝP.ü 4 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The fi eld guide is the result of exhaustive work by a large number of people. -
China and Kashmir* Buildup Along the Indo-Pak Border in 2002 (Called Operation Parakram in India)
China and Kashmir* buildup along the Indo-Pak border in 2002 (called Operation Parakram in India). Even if the case may by JABIN T. Jacob be made that such support to Pakistan has strength- ened Pakistan’s hands on the Kashmir dispute, it is difficult to draw a direct link between the twists and turns in the Kashmir situation and Chinese arms supplies to Pakistan. Further, China has for over two Perceptions about the People’s Republic of China’s decades consistently called for a peaceful resolution position on Kashmir have long been associated with of the Kashmir dispute, terming it a dispute “left over its “all-weather” friendship with Pakistan. However, from history.” Both during Kargil and Operation the PRC’s positions on Kashmir have never been Parakram, China refused to endorse the Pakistani consistently pro-Pakistan, instead changing from positions or to raise the issue at the United Nations. disinterest in the 1950s to open support for the Paki- Coupled with rising trade and the continuing border stani position in the subsequent decades to greater dialogue between India and China, this has given rise neutrality in the 1980s and since. While China has to hopes in India that the Kashmir dispute will no China’s positions on continued military support to Pakistan even during longer be a card the Chinese will use against it. Kashmir have never been military conflicts and near-conflicts between India and Pakistan, its stance on Kashmir has shifted consistently pro-Pakistan, gradually in response to the prevailing domestic, China and Pakistan Occupied Kashmir instead changing from dis- regional, and international situations. -
Outlook Traveller Sukoon Houseboat, Ode to Autumn
REGULARS36 EXPLORE EXPLORE 36KASHMIR KASHMIR KASHMIR KASHMIR *** *** *** Dishes to Edenic Out of Town die for Charm Pahalgam and Tabak maaz, The formal Mughal Gulmarg are great harissa, rogan josh gardens are a hit day trips ODE TO We adore Kashmir in spring, summer and winter, but could autumn be its loveliest season? Text and photographs by ↖ Chinar leaves line the ground, Autumn AMIT DIXIT Nishat Bagh 36 DECEMBER 2020 OUTLOOK TRAVELLER 37 ride across the Dal Lake from The pheran may be the Ghat 19A. There were organic quintessential Kashmiri garment of cotton masks, a temperature gun choice but, according to some and copious quantities of sanitiser. sources, it was introduced in EXPLORE EXPLORE Otherwise, I was grateful to note, it was Kashmir by Akbar in the 16th pretty much business as usual, down to century. The traditional pheran SAW MY FIRST FADED CHINAR LEAVES extended to the feet; the the beaming smiles. My friend Altaf WITHOUT WARNING, modern version typically ends I Chapri has elevated the houseboat below the knees. Summer although it wasn’t unexpected, heading out experience with a sunkissed upper ones are lighter and the of Srinagar’s Sheikh ul-Alam Airport, gazing deck—great for meals and yoga lessons version women wear tends to up absentmindedly from the shiny world when the weather is nice—full service, be embroidered. KASHMIR KASHMIR of my smartphone. It was a solitary tree, gourmet meals, stylish décor and, most KASHMIR not even a particularly large one, on Airport important, running hot water. dripping with fat), seekh kabab, methi Road, but striking nevertheless, an amuse- Altaf is a man with a big heart. -
6 Nights & 7 Days Leh – Nubra Valley (Turtuk Village)
Jashn E Navroz | Turtuk, Ladakh | Dates 25March-31March’18 |6 Nights & 7 Days Destinations Leh Covered – Nubra : Leh Valley – Nubra (Turtuk Valley V illage)(Turtuk– Village Pangong ) – Pangong Lake – Leh Lake – Leh Trip starts from : Leh airport Trip starts at: LehTrip airport ends at |: LehTrip airport ends at: Leh airport “As winter gives way to spring, as darkness gives way to light, and as dormant plants burst into blossom, Nowruz is a time of renewal, hope and joy”. Come and experience this festive spirit in lesser explored gem called Turtuk. The visual delights would be aptly complemented by some firsthand experiences of the local lifestyle and traditions like a Traditional Balti meal combined with Polo match. During the festival one get to see the flamboyant and vibrant tribe from Balti region, all dressed in their traditional best. Day 01| Arrive Leh (3505 M/ 11500 ft.) Board a morning flight and reach Leh airport. Our representative will receive you at the terminal and you then drive for about 20 minutes to reach Leh town. Check into your room. It is critical for proper acclimatization that people flying in to Leh don’t indulge in much physical activity for at least the first 24hrs. So the rest of the day is reserved for relaxation and a short acclimatization walk in the vicinity. Meals Included: L & D Day 02| In Leh Post breakfast, visit Shey Monastery & Palace and then the famous Thiksey Monastery. Drive back and before Leh take a detour over the Indus to reach Stok Village. Enjoy a traditional Ladakhi meal in a village home later see Stok Palace & Museum. -
Ladakh with Turtuk Dates: 25Th to 30Th MAY 2019 Duration- 7 Nights /8 Days
Ladakh With Turtuk Dates: 25th to 30th MAY 2019 Duration- 7 Nights /8 Days Tour Highlights: Activities: Tour Highlights Sightseeing • Leh Palace, Shanti Stupa, Hall of Fame • Indus View point, Magnetic Hill, Confluence View point • Alchi Monastery, Gurudwara Patthar Saheb, Hemis Monastery • Nubra Valley, Khardungla pass • Village walk and interaction with Raja at Turtuk • Double Humped Bacterian Camel ride at Hunder Sand Dunes • Lunch at the banks of Shyok river • Pangong lake- 3 Idiots movie shooting location • Chang La Pass • Cooking class with Dinner at local family Home in Leh • Village walk in Last Village of Indian Border with Pakistan- Turtuk • River Rafting with lunch • Cultural Show • Airport/ Hotel Transfers • Intercity transfers • All entrance fees Meals : 8 Breakfast,7 Lunch,7 Dinner Accommodation : Spic N Span or Similar in Leh, Desert Oasis Camp Nubra, Redstart camp Pangong Services: PnF Buddy, English Speaking Guide. Travel : Innova What makes you choose Ladakh as your ‘ME’ time Destination Few places in India are at once so traveler-friendly and yet so enchanting and hassle-free as mountain- framed Leh. Dotted with stupas and whitewashed houses, the Old Town is dominated by a dagger of steep rocky ridge topped by an imposing Tibetan-style palace and fort. Beneath, the bustling bazaar area is draped in a thick veneer of tour agencies, souvenir shops and tandoori-pizza restaurants, but a web of lanes quickly fans out into a green suburban patchwork of irrigated barley fields. Here, gushing streams and narrow footpaths link traditionally styled Ladakhi garden homes that double as charming, inexpensive guesthouses. Leh’s a place that’s all too easy to fall in love with – but take things very easy on arrival as the altitude requires a few days' acclimatization before you can safely start enjoying the area's gamut of adventure activities. -
The Moghal Empire Xvi PREFACE Published in the Original Text and in Translation
The Moghal Empire xvi PREFACE published in the original text and in translation. We need better integration of the Indian and European sources by someone who reads Rajasthani, Persian, French, and Dutch, for example. For such new work our best hope lies in the originality of young historians from India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Finally, my most important goal is to offer a one-volume synthesis that will be comprehensible to the non-specialist. I hope that this book can be read with profit by anyone interested in this most fascinating of historical periods. If successful, the volume should create a context for further reading and study. In writing this volume I have become deeply conscious of my debt to colleagues in this field. I am especially grateful to Irfan Habib, Ashin Das Gupta, Satish Chandra, Tapan Raychaudhuri, and M. Athar Ali for their inspired scholarship and leadership in Mughal history over the past decades. Peter Hardy and Simon Digby have provided warm support and encouragement for my work over the years. A more immediate debt is to my two fellow editors, Gordon Johnson and Christopher Bayly, for their patience and their criticism. I especially wish to thank Muzaffar Alam for his incisive comments on an earlier draft. I have also benefited from discussions with Catherine Asher, Stewart Gordon, Bruce Lawrence, Om Prakash, Sanjay Subrahmanyam, and Ellen Smart. And, as always, I must thank my wife and children for their continuing love and understanding. 1 INTRODUCTION The Mughal empire was one of the largest centralized states known in pre-modern world history. -
2000 Ladakh and Zanskar-The Land of Passes
1 LADAKH AND ZANSKAR -THE LAND OF PASSES The great mountains are quick to kill or maim when mistakes are made. Surely, a safe descent is as much a part of the climb as “getting to the top”. Dead men are successful only when they have given their lives for others. Kenneth Mason, Abode of Snow (p. 289) The remote and isolated region of Ladakh lies in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, marking the western limit of the spread of Tibetan culture. Before it became a part of India in the 1834, when the rulers of Jammu brought it under their control, Ladakh was an independent kingdom closely linked with Tibet, its strong Buddhist culture and its various gompas (monasteries) such as Lamayuru, Alchi and Thiksey a living testimony to this fact. One of the most prominent monuments is the towering palace in Leh, built by the Ladakhi ruler, Singe Namgyal (c. 1570 to 1642). Ladakh’s inhospitable terrain has seen enough traders, missionaries and invading armies to justify the Ladakhi saying: “The land is so barren and the passes are so high that only the best of friends or worst of enemies would want to visit us.” The elevation of Ladakh gives it an extreme climate; burning heat by day and freezing cold at night. Due to the rarefied atmosphere, the sun’s rays heat the ground quickly, the dry air allowing for quick cooling, leading to sub-zero temperatures at night. Lying in the rain- shadow of the Great Himalaya, this arid, bare region receives scanty rainfall, and its primary source of water is the winter snowfall.