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Cover_LX 12/9/03 1:11 AM Page 1 Natural History and Management Considerations for Plan Survey and Manage Lichens Northwest Forest Natural History and Management Considerations for Northwest Forest Plan Survey and Manage Lichens Based on Information as of the Year 2000 by Robin Lesher, Chiska Derr, and Linda Geiser Chiska Derr, 2000 by Robin Lesher, Year Based on Information as of the Based on Information as of the Year 2000 Robin D. Lesher Chiska C. Derr Linda H. Geiser Drawings by Alexander Mikulin Cover Photos ' by S. Sharnoff Pseudocyphellaria Natural History and Management Considerations for Northwest Forest Plan Survey and Manage Lichens Based on Information as of the Year 2000 By Robin D. Lesher, Chiska C. Derr, and Linda H. Geiser Drawings by Alexander Mikulin Cover Photos © by S. Sharnoff 2003 USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region R6-NR-S&M-TP-03-03 Suggested Citation: Lesher, R.D., C.C. Derr, and L.H. Geiser. 2003. Natural History and Management Considerations for Northwest Forest Plan Survey and Manage Lichens Based on Information as of the Year 2000. USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region Natural Resources Technical Paper, Portland, OR, R6-NR-S&M-TP-03-03. 211 p. Preface The Northwest Forest Plan, adopted in 1994, is currently the guiding document for management of federal lands within the range of the northern spotted owl; i.e., western Oregon, Washington, and parts of northern California (USDA Forest Service and USDI Bureau of Land Management 1994a, b, c). The Survey and Manage Standard and Guideline of the Northwest Forest Plan provides mitigation for late- successional and old-growth associated species whose persistence might not be assured by other components of the Northwest Forest Plan. Management recommendations were released in 2000 to provide managers and resource specialists of the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management with current information about the natural histories, status and threats, management considerations, and information needs for 29 of the lichen taxa included in the Survey and Manage Standard and Guideline. The primary intent of that document was to provide assistance in the management of known sites of Survey and Manage lichen species as directed in the Northwest Forest Plan. The Survey and Manage Standard and Guideline was revised in 2001 (USDA Forest Service and USDI Bureau of Land Management 2001). This amendment to the Northwest Forest Plan directs that new information about Survey and Manage species be evaluated on an annual basis by teams of taxa specialists and managers. During the Annual Species Review, the status of species within the Survey and Manage Program is adjusted if new information shows that a higher or lower degree of mitigation is needed. Species may also be dropped from the Standard and Guideline or moved to other programs if new information shows that they do not meet the criteria for inclusion in Survey and Manage; likewise, new species that do meet the inclusion criteria may be added. Although not all of the species presented in this document are still included in the Survey and Manage Standards and Guideline, the information that was assembled regarding taxonomy, nomenclature, morphology, chemistry, reproductive biology, ecological roles, range and distribution, habitat requirements, viability considerations, and threats to the species may continue to be of value to managers, conservationists, interpreters, and lichenologists. New information for some species is available elsewhere (Derr et al. 2003a; Derr et al. 2003b; Derr et al. 2003c), and updates the information presented here. Except for nomenclatural updates to Buellia, Dendriscocaulon, Pannaria, and Pseudocyphellaria, and removal of incorrect locations of Byroria spiralifera and Pannaria rubiginosa, the species accounts remain essentially unchanged from the official version released electronically on March 2, 2000, under file codes FS 1920/2600 and BLM 1630/1736-PFP (BLM-OR9311) and entitled, “Survey and Manage Management Recommend-ations – Lichens.” The original document is accessible in electronic form at the url: http://web.or.blm.gov/ForPlan/MR-Lichen/index.htm i Acknowledgements The Lichen Management Recommendations were prepared with the input and review of many individuals, whom we gratefully acknowledge. We thank all students of lichens, both historical and present, who have contributed to our knowledge of their distribution, habitats, and ecology and have generously shared this information through their herbarium collctions, publications, and personal communications. Stewards of the following herbaria kindly provided specimens and assistance: California Academy of Science (CAS), Duke University (DUKE), Humboldt State University (HSC), Marion Ownbey Herbarium, Washington State University, Pullman (WS), Oregon State University (OSC), the private herbaria of Bruce McCune and John Davis, San Francisco State University (SFSU), U.S. Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution (US), University of British Columbia (UBC), University of California, Berkeley (UCB), University of Washington (WTU), Western Washington University (WWB), and the Siuslaw NF Herbarium. Many lichenologists and other scientists provided specific technical advice and input during the preparation of the Management Recommendations. They include Suraj Ahuja, Shelly Benson, Mark Boyll, Irwin Brodo, Doug Glavich, Katie Glew, Trevor Goward, Jan Henderson, Marusa Herrera- Campos, Bruce McCune, Peter Neitlich, Fred Rhoades, Jim Riley, Roger Rosentreter, Abbey Rosso, Sylvia and Steve Sharnoff, Steve Sillett, Larry St. Clair, Tør Tonsberg, and Barbara Williams. In addition, Katie Glew, Fred Rhoades, Bruce Ryan, Agnel Dawson, Cheryl McCaffrey, and John Davis reviewed earlier drafts. Mark Boyll prepared early versions of these documents. A technical review team was comprised of individuals selected to represent the perspectives of management and field implementation. An expert on the intent of Record of Decision and the Lichen Taxa Lead also participated in this process. The team included Lisa Hoover, Brad Keller, John Bacho, Robin Lesher, and Nancy Fredricks. Sheila Martinson and Norm Gartley served as review coordinators. Martha Brooks was the initial technical editor. Robin Lesher and Nancy Fredricks completed the final editing for consistency of content. Annie Ingersoll, Gail Saunders and Laurie Ystad helped to prepare this text edition from the electronic files of March, 2000. ii Table of Contents Bryoria pseudocapillaris ..............................................................................................................................1 Bryoria spiralifera .......................................................................................................................................9 Bryoria subcana..........................................................................................................................................17 Bryoria tortuosa..........................................................................................................................................25 Buellia oidalea............................................................................................................................................33 Dendriscocaulon intracatulum ...................................................................................................................41 Dermatocarpon luridum .............................................................................................................................47 Erioderma sorediatum ................................................................................................................................53 Heterodermia leucomelos ...........................................................................................................................59 Hydrothyria venosa.....................................................................................................................................65 Hypogymnia duplicata................................................................................................................................71 Hypogymnia oceanica.................................................................................................................................77 Kaernefeltia californica..............................................................................................................................83 Leioderma sorediatum ................................................................................................................................89 Leptogium brebissonii.................................................................................................................................95 Leptogium rivale .......................................................................................................................................103 Lobaria hallii ............................................................................................................................................109 Lobaria linita ............................................................................................................................................117 Loxosporopsis corallifera .........................................................................................................................127 Niebla cephalota .......................................................................................................................................133 Pannaria
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