Enke: Kleintieronkologie

1 Literaturverzeichnis

1 Ätiologie und Pathologie von [21] Cleary MP, Grossmann ME, Ray A: Effect of obesity on breast cancer development. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 202–213 Krebserkrankungen [22] Cruz Cardona JA, Milner R, Alleman AR et al.: BCR-ABL transloca- [1] Ahern TE, Bird RC, Bird AE et al.: Expression of the oncogene tion in a dog with chronic monocytic leukemia. Vet Clin Pathol. – c-erbB-2 in canine mammary cancers and tumor-derived cell lines. 2011; 40: 40 47 Am J Vet Res. 1996; 57: 693–696 [23] De Maria R, Miretti S, Iussich S et al.: met oncogene activation [2] Angres G, Scherf HR, Schmahl D: Tumor heterogeneity and che- qualifies spontaneous canine osteosarcoma as a suitable pre-clinical – mosensitivity to cyclophosphamide, vinblastine and hexadecylphos- model of human osteosarcoma. J Pathol. 2009; 218: 399 408 phocholine. Cancer Treat Rev. 1990; 17: 339–345 [24] de Visser KE, Eichten A, Coussens LM: Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006;

[3] Argyle DJ, Nasir L: Pathophysiology of cellular regulation, cell Literaturverzeichnis – death, and cancer. In: Dunlop R.H. and Malbert C.H. (Hrsg.), Veteri- 6: 24 37 nary Pathophysiology. 1. Auflg. Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa; 2004, [25] de Visser KE: Spontaneous immune responses to sporadic tumors: 25–78 tumor-promoting, tumor-protective or both? Cancer Immunol – [4] Argyle DJ, Blacking T: From viruses to cancer stem cells: dissecting Immunother. 2008; 57: 1531 1539 the pathways to malignancy. Vet J. 2008; 177: 311–323 [26] Dean M, Fojo T, Bates S: Tumour stem cells and drug resistance. – [5] Barnhart MD: Malignant transformation of an aneurysmal bone Nat Rev Cancer. 2005; 5: 275 284 cyst in a dog. Vet Surg. 2002; 31: 519–524 [27] DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA et al. (Hrsg.): DeVita, ʼ [6] Bergkvist GT, Argyle DJ, Morrison L et al.: Expression of epidermal Hellman, and Rosenberg s Cancer: Principles and Practice of Onco- growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Ki67 in feline oral squamous cell logy, 9 Aufl., Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, carcinomas (FOSCC). Vet Comp Oncol. 2011; 9: 106–117 2011 [7] Bernays ME, Flemming D, Peiffer RL Jr: Primary corneal papilloma [28] Dickinson PJ, Roberts BN, Higgins RJ et al.: Expression of receptor and squamous cell carcinoma associated with pigmentary keratitis tyrosine kinases VEGFR-1 (FLT-1), VEGFR-2 (KDR), EGFR-1, PDGFR- in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 215–217, 204 alpha and c-Met in canine primary brain tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 132–140 [8] Bertone ER, Snyder LA, Moore AS: Environmental tobacco smoke and risk of malignant lymphoma in pet cats. Am J Epidemiol. 2002; [29] Dickinson PJ, Surace EI, Cambell M et al.: Expression of the tumor 156: 268–273 suppressor genes NF2, 4.1B, and TSLC1 in canine meningiomas. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 884–892 [9] Bertone ER, Snyder LA, Moore AS: Environmental and lifestyle risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma in domestic cats. J Vet [30] Dobson J, Hoather T, McKinley TJ et al.: Mortality in a cohort of – Intern Med. 2003; 17: 557–562 flat-coated retrievers in the UK. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 115 121 [10] Bettini G, Morini M, Marconato L et al.: Association between envi- [31] Donovan JCH, Slingerland J, Tannock IF: Cell Proliferation and ronmental dust exposure and lung cancer in dogs. Vet J. 2010; 186: Tumor Growth. In: Tannock IF, Hill RP, Bristow RG et al. (Hrsg.): The 364–369 basic science of oncology. 4. Auflg. McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Divi- sion, New York, 2005; 167–193 [11] Blacking TM, Wilson H, Argyle DJ: Is cancer a stem cell disease? Theory, evidence and implications. Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 76– [32] Dubielzig RR, Everitt J, Shadduck JA et al.: Clinical and morpholo- 89 gic features of post-traumatic ocular sarcomas in cats. Vet Pathol. 1990; 27: 62–65 [12] Blackwood L, German AJ, Stell AJ et al.: Multicentric lymphoma in a dog after cyclosporine therapy. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: [33] Dutra AP, Granja NV, Schmitt FC et al.: c-erbB-2 expression and 259–262 nuclear pleomorphism in canine mammary tumors. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2004; 37: 1673–1681 [13] Boudrieau RJ, McCarthy RJ, Sisson RD Jr.: Sarcoma of the proximal portion of the tibia in a dog 5.5 years after tibial plateau leveling [34] Edwards MD, Pazzi KA, Gumerlock PH et al.: c-N-ras is activated osteotomy. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 1613–1617, 1591 infrequently in canine malignant lymphoma. Toxicol Pathol. 1993; 21: 288–291 [14] Bridgeford EC, Marini RP, Feng Y et al.: Gastric Helicobacter species as a cause of feline gastric lymphoma: a viable hypothesis. Vet [35] Ferracini R, Angelini P, Cagliero E et al.: MET oncogene aberrant – Immunol Immunopathol. 2008; 123: 106–113 expression in canine osteosarcoma. J Orthop Res. 2000; 18: 253 256 [15] Bristow RG, Harrington L: Genomic Stability and DNA Repair. In: Tannock IF, Hill RP, Bristow RG et al. (Hrsg.): The basic science of [36] Fidler IJ: Seed and soil revisited: contribution of the organ microen- oncology. 4. Auflg. McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, New York, vironment to cancer metastasis. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2001; 10: – – 2005, 77–99 257 269, vii viiii ‘ ’ [16] Carmeliet P, Jain RK: Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases. [37] Fidler IJ: The pathogenesis of cancer metastasis: the seed and soil – Nature. 2000; 407: 249–257 hypothesis revisited. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003; 3: 453 458 “ ” [17] Carmeliet P, Jain RK: Molecular mechanisms and clinical applica- [38] Fidler IJ, Poste G: The seed and soil hypothesis revisited. Lancet tions of angiogenesis. Nature. 2011; 473: 298–307 Oncol. 2008; 9: 808 [18] Chaffer CL, Weinberg RA: A perspective on cancer cell metastasis. [39] Fieten H, Spee B, Ijzer J et al.: Expression of hepatocyte growth Science. 2011; 331: 1559–1564 factor and the proto-oncogenic receptor c-Met in canine osteosarcoma. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 869–877 [19] Chiarugi P, Giannoni E: Anoikis: a necessary death program for ʼ anchorage-dependent cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008; 76: 1352– [40] Flint AF, U Ren L, Legare ME et al.: Overexpression of the erbB-2 1364 proto-oncogene in canine osteosarcoma cell lines and tumors. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 291–296 [20] Chu LL, Rutteman GR, Kong JM et al.: Genomic organization of the canine p53 gene and its mutational status in canine mammary neoplasia. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1998; 50: 11–25

[41] Fox MH, Armstrong LW, Withrow SJ et al.: Comparison of DNA [64] Kass PH, Barnes WG Jr., Spangler WL et al.: Epidemiologic evi- aneuploidy of primary and metastatic spontaneous canine osteosar- dence for a causal relation between vaccination and fibrosarcoma comas. Cancer Res. 1990; 50: 6176–6178 tumorigenesis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 396–405 [42] Frazier KS, Hines ME 2nd, Hurvitz AI et al.: Analysis of DNA aneu- [65] Khanna C, Pavlini MC: Cancer biology in dogs. In: Lindblatt-Toh K. ploidy and c-myc oncoprotein content of canine plasma cell tumors (Hrsg.): The dog and its genome. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory using flow cytometry. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 505–511 Press 2006; 451–473 [43] Gama A, Gartner F, Alves A et al.: Immunohistochemical expres- [66] Kim SS, Ruiz VE, Carroll JD et al.: Helicobacter pylori in the patho- sion of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in canine mam- genesis of gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma. Cancer Lett. 2010; mary tissues. Res Vet Sci. 2009; 87: 432–437 305: 228–238 [44] Gangemi R, Paleari L, Orengo AM et al.: Cancer stem cells: a new [67] Klymkowsky MW, Savagner P: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: paradigm for understanding tumor growth and progression and a cancer researcherʼs conceptual friend and foe. Am J Pathol. 2009; drug resistance. Curr Med Chem. 2009; 16: 1688–1703 174: 1588–1593 [45] Ghim S, Newsome J, Bell J et al.: Spontaneously regressing oral [68] Kraegel SA, Gumerlock PH, Dungworth DL et al.: K-ras activation papillomas induce systemic antibodies that neutralize canine oral in non-small cell lung cancer in the dog. Cancer Res. 1992; 52: papillomavirus. Exp Mol Pathol. 2000; 68: 147–151 4724–4727 [46] Glickman LT, Domanski LM, Maguire TG et al.: Mesothelioma in [69] Kulbe H, Thompson R, Wilson JL et al.: The inflammatory cytokine pet dogs associated with exposure of their owners to asbestos. Envi- tumor necrosis factor-alpha generates an autocrine tumor-promo- ron Res. 1983; 32: 305–313 ting network in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2007; 67: [47] Goel GA, Kandiel A, Achkar JP et al.: Molecular pathways under- 585–592 lying IBD-associated colorectal neoplasia: therapeutic implications. [70] Kusewitt DF, Rush LJ: Neoplasien und Tumorbiologie. In: McGavin Am J Gastroenterol. 2011; 106: 719–730 MD, Zachary JF (Hrsg.): Pathologie der Haustiere: Allgemeine, spe- [48] Gold LS, Slone TH, Manley NB et al.: Target organs in chronic bio- zielle und funktionelle Veterinärpathologie. 1. Auflg. Urban & assays of 533 chemical carcinogens. Environ Health Perspect. 1991; Fischer Verlag/Elsevier GmbH, München, 2009; 231–273 93: 233–246 [71] Larsson SC, Rafter J, Holmberg L et al.: Red meat consumption [49] Green EM, Adams WM, Steinberg H: Malignant transformation of and risk of cancers of the proximal colon, distal colon and rectum: solitary spinal osteochondroma in two mature dogs. Vet Radiol the Swedish mammography cohort. Int J Cancer. 2005; 113: 829– Ultrasound. 1999; 40: 634–637 834 [50] Greenman C, Stephens P, Smith R et al.: Patterns of somatic [72] Lee CH, Kweon OK: Mutations of p53 tumor suppressor gene in mutation in human cancer genomes. Nature. 2007; 446: 153–158 spontaneous canine mammary tumors. J Vet Sci. 2002; 3: 321–325 [51] Gregory-Bryson E, Bartlett E, Kiupel M et al.: Canine and human [73] Levine RA, Forest T, Smith C: Tumor suppressor PTEN is mutated gastrointestinal stromal tumors display similar mutations in c-KIT in canine osteosarcoma cell lines and tumors. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: exon 11. BMC Cancer. 2010; 10: 559 372–378 [52] Grivennikov SI, Greten FR, Karin M: Immunity, inflammation, and [74] Liao AT, McMahon M, London C: Characterization, expression and cancer. Cell. 2010; 140: 883–899 function of c-Met in canine spontaneous cancers. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 61–72 [53] Hanahan D, Weinberg RA: The hallmarks of cancer. Cell. 2000; 100: 57–70 [75] Lingaas F, Comstock KE, Kirkness EF et al.: A mutation in the canine BHD gene is associated with hereditary multifocal renal cyst- [54] Hanahan D, Weinberg RA: Hallmarks of cancer: the next genera- adenocarcinoma and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German Shep- tion. Cell. 2011; 144: 646–674 herd dog. Hum Mol Genet. 2003; 12: 3043–3053 [55] Hanes MA, Stribling LJ: Fibrosarcomas in two rats arising from [76] Lingard AE, Briscoe K, Beatty JA et al.: Low-grade alimentary lym- hepatic cysts of Cysticercus fasciolaris. Vet Pathol. 1995; 32: 441– phoma: clinicopathological findings and response to treatment in 444 17 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 692–700 [56] Hargis AM, Ihrke PJ, Spangler WL et al.: A retrospective clinicopa- [77] Lloyd HH: Estimation of tumor cell kill from Gompertz growth cur- thologic study of 212 dogs with cutaneous hemangiomas and ves. Cancer Chemother Rep. 1975; 59: 267–277 hemangiosarcomas. Vet Pathol. 1992; 29: 316–328 [78] Loeb LA: Mutator phenotype may be required for multistage carci- [57] Hayes HM Jr, Pendergrass TW: Canine testicular tumors: epide- nogenesis. Cancer Res. 1991; 51: 3075–3079 miologic features of 410 dogs. Int J Cancer. 1976; 18: 482–487 [79] Loeb LA, Bielas JH, Beckman RA: Cancers exhibit a mutator pheno- [58] Hendrick MJ, Shofer FS, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Comparison of type: clinical implications. Cancer Res. 2008; 68: 3551–3557; dis- fibrosarcomas that developed at vaccination sites and at nonvacci- cussion 3557 nation sites in cats: 239 cases (1991–1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 205: 1425–1429 [80] Looper JS, Malarkey DE, Ruslander D et al.: Epidermal growth factor receptor expression in feline oral squamous cell carcinomas. Vet [59] Hershey AE, Dubielzig RR, Padilla ML et al.: Aberrant p53 expres- Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 33–40 sion in feline vaccine-associated sarcomas and correlation with prognosis. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 805–811 [81] MacEwen EG, Kutzke J, Carew J et al.: c-Met tyrosine kinase receptor expression and function in human and canine osteosarcoma [60] Horbinski C, Mojesky C, Kyprianou N: Live free or die: tales of cells. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2003; 20: 421–430 homeless (cells) in cancer. Am J Pathol. 2010; 177: 1044–1052 [82] MacEwen EG, Pastor J, Kutzke J et al.: IGF-1 receptor contributes [61] Hosoya K, Poulson JM, Azuma C: Osteoradionecrosis and radiation to the malignant phenotype in human and canine osteosarcoma. J induced bone tumors following orthovoltage radiation therapy in Cell Biochem. 2004; 92: 77–91 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; 49: 189–195 [83] Macy DW, Withrow SJ, Hoopes J: Transitional cell carcinoma of [62] Hsu WL, Huang HM, Liao JW et al.: Increased survival in dogs with the bladder associated with cyclophosphamide administration. J malignant mammary tumours overexpressing HER-2 protein and Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 965–969 detection of a silent single nucleotide polymorphism in the canine HER–2 gene. Vet J. 2009; 180: 116–123 [84] Magden E, Quackenbush SL, Vandewoude S: FIV associated neoplasms-A mini-review. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2011; 15; 143: [63] Jones CL, Grahn RA, Chien MB et al.: Detection of c-kit mutations 227–234 in canine mast cell tumors using fluorescent polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2004; 16: 95–100

[85] Marconato L, Leo C, Girelli R et al.: Association between waste [107] Nicholls PK, Moore PF, Anderson DM et al.: Regression of canine management and cancer in companion animals. J Vet Intern Med. oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ 2009; 23: 564–569 lymphocytes. Virology. 2001; 283: 31–39 [86] Martin de las Mulas J, Ordas J, Millan Y et al.: Oncogene HER-2 in [108] Nielsen C, Anderson GM: Metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma to canine mammary gland carcinomas: an immunohistochemical and the abdominal wall following placement of a gastrostomy tube in a chromogenic in situ hybridization study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. dog. Can Vet J. 2005; 46: 641–643 2003; 80: 363–367 [109] Nikula KJ, Benjamin SA, Angleton GM et al.: Ultraviolet radiation, [87] Matsuyama S, Nakamura M, Yonezawa K et al.: Expression pat- solar dermatosis, and cutaneous neoplasia in beagle dogs. Radiat terns of the erbB subfamily mRNA in canine benign and malignant Res. 1992; 129: 11–18 mammary tumors. J Vet Med Sci. 2001; 63: 949–954 [110] Nilsson A, Morgan JP, Book SA: Investigations of 90Sr in dogs. I. [88] Mayr B, Schaffner G, Kurzbauer R et al.: Sequence of an exon of Pathogenesis of radiation-induced bone tumors. Acta Radiol Oncol. tumour suppressor p53 gene – a comparative study in domestic 1985; 24: 95–111 animals: mutation in a feline solid mammary carcinoma. Br Vet J. [111] Nodtvedt A, Gamlem H, Gunnes G et al.: Breed differences in the 1995; 151: 325–329 proportional morbidity of testicular tumours and distribution of his-

[89] Mayr B, Blauensteiner J, Edlinger A et al.: Presence of p53 muta- topathologic types in a population-based canine cancer registry. Literaturverzeichnis tions in feline neoplasms. Res Vet Sci. 2000; 68: 63–70 Vet Comp Oncol. 2011; 9: 45–54 [90] McCarthy PE, Hedlund CS, Veazy RS et al.: Liposarcoma associa- [112] OʼShea JD, Jabara AG: The histogenesis of canine ovarian tumours ted with a glass foreign body in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; induced by stilboestrol administration. Pathol Vet. 1967; 4: 137– 209: 612–614 148 [91] McEntee MC, Page RL, Theon A et al.: Malignant tumor formation [113] Okey AB, Harper PA, Grant DM et al.: Chemical and Radiation Car- in dogs previously irradiated for acanthomatous epulis. Vet Radiol cinogenesis. In: Tannock IF, Hill RP, Bristow RG et al. (Hrsg.): The Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 357–361 basic science of oncology. 4. Auflg. McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Divi- [92] McNiel EA, Prink AL, OʼBrien TD: Evaluation of risk and clinical out- sion, New York, 2005; 25–48 come of mast cell tumours in pug dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: [114] Oster S, Penn L, Stambolic V: Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor 2–8 Genes. In: Tannock I (Hrsg.): The basic science of oncology. 4. [93] Mehl ML, Withrow SJ, Seguin B et al.: Spontaneous regression of Auflg. McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, New York, 2005; 123– osteosarcoma in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 614– 141 617 [115] Padgett GA, Madewell BR, Keller ET et al.: Inheritance of histiocy- [94] Meuten DJ (Hrsg.): Tumors in domestic animals, 4. Aufl. Ames, tosis in Bernese mountain dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1995; 36: 93– Iowa, Iowa State University Press, 2002 98 [95] Miller DM: The occurrence of mast cell tumors in young Shar-Peis. J [116] Pardo AD, Adams WH, McCracken MD et al.: Primary jejunal Vet Diagn Invest. 1995; 7: 360–363 osteosarcoma associated with a surgical sponge in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 196: 935–938 [96] Miller MA, Aper RL, Fauber A et al.: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma associated with retained surgical sponge in a dog. J Vet Diagn [117] Pauli BU, Augustin-Voss HG, el-Sabban ME et al.: Organ-prefe- Invest. 2006; 18: 224–228 rence of metastasis. The role of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1990; 9: 175–189 [97] Mina RB, Tateyama S, Miyoshi N et al.: Amplification of a c-yes-1- related oncogene in canine lymphoid leukemia. J Vet Med Sci. [118] Perez Alenza D, Rutteman GR, Pena L et al.: Relation between 1994; 56: 773–774 habitual diet and canine mammary tumors in a case-control study. J Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12: 132–139 [98] Minke JM, Cornelisse CJ, Stolwijk JA et al.: Flow cytometric DNA ploidy analysis of feline mammary tumors. Cancer Res. 1990; 50: [119] Perez Alenza MD, Rutteman GR, Kuipers-Dijkshoorn NJ et al.: 4003–4007 DNA flow cytometry of canine mammary tumours: the relationship of DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction to clinical and histological featu- [99] Misdorp W and Hart AA: Canine mammary cancer. II. Therapy and res. Res Vet Sci. 1995; 58: 238–243 causes of death. J Small Anim Pract. 1979; 20: 395–404 [120] Pirie CG, Dubielzig RR: Feline conjunctival hemangioma and [100] Miyoshi N, Tateyama S, Ogawa K et al.: Abnormal structure of hemangiosarcoma: a retrospective evaluation of eight cases (1993– the canine oncogene, related to the human c-yes-1 oncogene, in 2004). Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 227–231 canine mammary tumor tissue. Am J Vet Res. 1991; 52: 2046–2049 [121] Pirie CG, Knollinger AM, Thomas CB et al.: Canine conjunctival [101] Modiano JF, Breen M, Avery AC: Breed-specific canine lymphopro- hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma: a retrospective evaluation of liferative disease. In: Ostrander EA, Giger U, Lindblatt-Toh K (Hrsg.): 108 cases (1989–2004). Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 215–226 The dog and its genome. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2006; 439–450 [122] Pisani G, Millanta F, Lorenzi D et al.: Androgen receptor expression in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic hepatoid glands in the [102] Monteiro J, Fodde R: Cancer stemness and metastasis: therapeutic dog. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 81: 231–236 consequences and perspectives. Eur J Cancer. 2010; 46: 1198–1203 [123] Polyak K, Hahn WC: Roots and stems: stem cells in cancer. Nat [103] Murphy ST, Parker RB, Woodard JC: Osteosarcoma following total Med. 2006; 12: 296–300 hip arthroplasty in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1997; 38: 263–267 [124] Qiu CW, Lin DG, Wang JQ et al.: Expression and significance of [104] Nambiar PR, Haines DM, Ellis JA et al.: Mutational analysis of PTEN and VEGF in canine mammary gland tumours. Vet Res Com- tumor suppressor gene p53 in feline vaccine site-associated sarco- mun. 2008; 32: 463–472 mas. Am J Vet Res. 2000; 61: 1277–1281 [125] Rayner EL, Scudamore CL, Francis I et al.: Abdominal fibrosar- [105] Nasir L, Rutteman GR, Reid SW et al.: Analysis of p53 mutational coma associated with a retained surgical swab in a dog. J Comp events and MDM2 amplification in canine soft-tissue sarcomas. Pathol. 2010; 143: 81–85 Cancer Lett. 2001; 174: 83–89 [126] Rennie P, Read J, Murphy L: Hormones and Cancer. In: Tannock IF, [106] Nerurkar VR, Seshadri R, Mulherkar R et al.: Receptors for epider- Hill RP, Bristow RG et al. (Hrsg.): The basic science of oncology. 4. mal growth factor and estradiol in canine mammary tumors. Int J Aulg. McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, New York, 2005; 400–430 Cancer. 1987; 40: 230–232

[127] Ressel L, Millanta F, Caleri E et al.: Reduced PTEN protein expres- [149] Sorenmo KU, Kristiansen VM, Cofone MA et al.: Canine mam- sion and its prognostic implications in canine and feline mammary mary gland tumours; a histological continuum from benign to tumors. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 860–868 malignant; clinical and histopathological evidence. Vet Comp [128] Riva F, Brizzola S, Stefanello D et al.: A study of mutations in the Oncol. 2009; 7: 162–172 c-kit gene of 32 dogs with mastocytoma. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2005; [150] Stevenson S: Fracture-associated sarcomas. Vet Clin North Am 17: 385–388 Small Anim Pract. 1991; 21: 859–872 [129] Rodriguez-Paredes M, Esteller M: Cancer epigenetics reaches [151] Sugihara H, Hattori T, Imamura Y et al.: Morphology and modes mainstream oncology. Nat Med. 2011; 17: 330–339 of cell proliferation in earliest signet-ring-cell carcinomas induced in [130] Rosol TJ, Tannehill-Gregg SH, LeRoy BE et al.: Animal models of canine stomachs by N-ethyl-Nʼ-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. J Cancer bone metastasis. Cancer. 2003; 97(Suppl): 748–757 Res Clin Oncol. 1991; 117: 197–204 [131] Rowland PH, Moise NS, Severson D: Myxoma at the site of a sub- [152] Tamburini BA, Trapp S, Phang TL et al.: Gene expression profiles cutaneous pacemaker in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: of sporadic canine hemangiosarcoma are uniquely associated with 649–651 breed. PLoS One. 2009; 4: e5549 [132] Rungsipipat A, Tateyama S, Yamaguchi R et al.: Immunohistoche- [153] Tannock I: The basic science of oncology. 4. Auflg. New York, mical analysis of c-yes and c-erbB-2 oncogene products and p53 McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division, 2005 tumor suppressor protein in canine mammary tumors. J Vet Med [154] TenHave-Opbroek AA, Shi XB, Gumerlock PH: 3-Methylcholanth- Sci. 1999; 61: 27–32 rene triggers the differentiation of alveolar tumor cells from canine [133] Rutteman GR, Cornelisse CJ, Dijkshoorn NJ et al.: Flow cytometric bronchial basal cells and an altered p53 gene promotes their clonal analysis of DNA ploidy in canine mammary tumors. Cancer Res. expansion. Carcinogenesis. 2000; 21: 1477–1484 1988; 48: 3411–3417 [155] Thomas R, Fiegler H, Ostrander EA et al.: A canine cancer-gene [134] Rutteman GR, Foekens JA, Portengen H et al.: Expression of epi- microarray for CGH analysis of tumors. Cytogenet Genome Res. dermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-affected and tumo- 2003; 102: 254–260 rous mammary tissue of female dogs. Breast Cancer Res Treat. [156] Thomas R, Smith KC, Ostrander EA et al.: Chromosome aberra- 1994; 30: 139–146 tions in canine multicentric lymphomas detected with comparative [135] Sabattini S, Marconato L, Zoff A et al.: Epidermal growth factor genomic hybridisation and a panel of single locus probes. Br J Can- receptor expression is predictive of poor prognosis in feline cuta- cer. 2003; 89: 1530–1537 neous squamous cell carcinoma. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 760– [157] Thomas R, Wang HJ, Tsai PC et al.: Influence of genetic back- 768 ground on tumor karyotypes: evidence for breed-associated cyto- [136] Schioppa T, Moore R, Thompson RG et al.: B regulatory cells and genetic aberrations in canine appendicular osteosarcoma. Chromo- the tumor-promoting actions of TNF-{alpha} during squamous car- some Res. 2009; 17: 365–377 cinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011; 108: 10662–10667 [158] Thrasher JP, Ichinose H, Pitot HC: Osteogenic sarcoma of the [137] Schwartz DA: Helminths in the induction of cancer II. Schistosoma canine esophagus associated with spirocerca lupi infection. Am J haematobium and bladder cancer. Trop Geogr Med. 1981; 33: 1–7 Vet Res. 1963; 24: 808–818 [138] Schwartz SN: Spontaneous regression of lymphosarcoma in a dog. [159] Tierney LA, Hahn FF, Lechner JF: p53, erbB-2 and K-ras gene alter- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 222–224 ations are rare in spontaneous and plutonium-239-induced canine lung neoplasia. Radiat Res. 1996; 145: 181–187 [139] Sesink AL, Termont DS, Kleibeuker JH et al.: Red meat and colon cancer: the cytotoxic and hyperproliferative effects of dietary heme. [160] Turin L, Acocella F, Stefanello D et al.: Expression of c-kit proto- Cancer Res. 1999; 59: 5704–5709 oncogene in canine mastocytoma: a kinetic study using real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 343–349 [140] Sesink AL, Termont DS, Kleibeuker JH et al.: Red meat and colon cancer: dietary haem, but not fat, has cytotoxic and hyperprolifera- [161] Tymchuk CN, Tessler SB, Barnard RJ: Changes in sex hormone-bin- tive effects on rat colonic epithelium. Carcinogenesis. 2000; 21: ding globulin, insulin, and serum lipids in postmenopausal women 1909–1915 on a low-fat, high-fiber diet combined with exercise. Nutr Cancer. 2000; 38: 158–162 [141] Shaw TE, Harkin KR, Nietfeld J et al.: Aortic body tumor in full-sib- ling English bulldogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2010; 46: 366–370 [162] Usher SG, Radford AD, Villiers EJ et al.: RAS, FLT3, and C-KIT mutations in immunophenotyped canine leukemias. Exp Hematol. [142] Shiomitsu K, Johnson CL, Malarkey DE et al.: Expression of epider- 2009; 37: 65–77 mal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor in malignant canine epithelial nasal tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. [163] Valerius KD, Powers BE, McPherron MA et al.: Adenomatous 2009; 7: 106–114 polyps and carcinoma in situ of the canine colon and rectum: 34 cases (1982-1994). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 156–160 [143] Simpson CD, Anyiwe K, Schimmer AD: Anoikis resistance and tumor metastasis. Cancer Lett. 2008; 272: 177–185 [164] Vascellari M, Mutinelli F, Cossettini R et al.: Liposarcoma at the site of an implanted microchip in a dog. Vet J. 2004; 168: 188–190 [144] Slaughter DP, Southwick HW, Smejkal W: Field cancerization in oral stratified squamous epithelium; clinical implications of multi- [165] Vascellari M, Melchiotti E, Mutinelli F: Fibrosarcoma with typical centric origin. Cancer. 1953; 6: 963–968 features of postinjection sarcoma at site of microchip implant in a dog: histologic and immunohistochemical study. Vet Pathol. 2006; [145] Snyder JM, Lipitz L, Skorupski KA et al.: Secondary intracranial 43: 545–548 neoplasia in the dog: 177 cases (1986–2003). J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 172–177 [166] Veldhoen N, Stewart J, Brown R et al.: Mutations of the p53 gene in canine lymphoma and evidence for germ line p53 mutations in [146] Snyder LA, Bertone ER, Jakowski RM et al.: p53 expression and the dog. Oncogene. 1998; 16: 249–255 environmental tobacco smoke exposure in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 209–214 [167] Verschueren CP, Rutteman GR, Kuipers-Dijkshoorn NJ et al.: Flow-cytometric DNA ploidy analysis in primary and metastatic [147] Snyder SA, Dewhirst MW, Hauck ML: The role of hypoxia in canine thyroid carcinomas. Anticancer Res. 1991; 11: 1755–1761 canine cancer. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 213–223 [168] Vignoli M, Rossi F, Chierici C et al.: Needle tract implantation after [148] Sonnenschein EG, Glickman LT, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Body con- fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of transitional cell carcinoma formation, diet, and risk of breast cancer in pet dogs: a case-control of the urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Schweiz study. Am J Epidemiol. 1991; 133: 694–703 Arch Tierheilkd. 2007; 149: 314–318

[169] Waly NE, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Stokes CR et al.: Immunohistochemi- [4] Francis DM, Essex M, Cotter S et al.: Feline leukemia virus infec- cal diagnosis of alimentary lymphomas and severe intestinal inflam- tions: the significance of chronic viremia. Leukemia Res. 1979; 3: mation in cats. J Comp Pathol. 2005; 133: 253–260 435–441 [170] Watrach AM, Small E, Case MT: Canine papilloma: progression of [5] Giroglou T, Florin L, Schäfer F et al.: Human papillomavirus infec- oral papilloma to carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1970; 45: 915–920 tion requires cell surface heparan sulfate. J Virol. 2001; 75: 1565– [171] Weinberg RA: Tumor Viruses. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.: The biology 1570 of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; 57–90 [6] Hardy WD Jr, Old LJ, Hess PW et al.: Horizontal transmission of [172] Weinberg RA: Cellular Oncogenes. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.): The feline leukaemia virus. Nature. 1973; 244: 266–269 biology of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; 91–117 [7] Hardy WD Jr: Feline Oncoretroviruses. In: Levy JA (Hrsg.): The Ret- [173] Weinberg RA: The biology of cancer. New York, Garland Science, roviridae. New York: Plenum Press; 1993: 109–180 2007 [8] Hoover EA, Olsen RG, Hardy WD Jr et al.: Feline leukemia virus [174] Weinberg RA: Crowd control: Tumor immunology and immuno- infection: age-related variation in response of cats to experimental therapy. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.): The biology of cancer. Garland infection. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1976; 57: 365–369 Science, New York, 2007; 655–724 [9] Jackson ML, Haines DM, Meric SM et al.: Feline leukemia-virus

[175] Weinberg RA: Dialogue replaces monologue: Heterotypic interac- detection by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain-reaction Literaturverzeichnis tions and the biology of angiogenesis. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.): The in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor-tissue from cats with biology of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; 527–586 lymphosarcoma. Can J Vet Res. 1993; 57: 269–276 [176] Weinberg RA: Moving out: Invasion and metastasis. In: Weinberg [10] Jarrett O, Hardy WD Jr, Golder MC et al.: The frequency of occu- RA (Hrsg.): The biology of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; rence of feline leukaemia virus subgroups in cats. Int J Cancer. 587–654 1978; 21: 334–337 [177] Weinberg RA: p53 and Apoptosis: Master guardian and executio- [11] Jarrett O, Golder MC, Weijer K: A comparison of three methods of ner. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.): The biology of cancer. Garland feline leukaemia virus diagnosis. Vet Rec. 1982; 110: 325–328 Science, New York, 2007; 307–356 [12] Lange CE, Tobler K, Ackermann M et al.: Three novel canine papil- [178] Weinberg RA: Multistep tumorigenesis. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.): lomaviruses support taxonomic clade formation. J Gen Virol. 2009; The biology of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; 399–462 90: 2615–2621 [179] Weinberg RA: Growth factors and receptors. In: Weinberg RA [13] Lange CE, Tobler K, Brandes K et al.: Canine inverted papillomas (Hrsg.): The biology of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; associated with DNA of four different papillomaviruses. Vet Derma- 119–158 tol. 2010; 21: 287–291 [180] Weinberg RA: Tumor suppressor genes. In: Weinberg RA (Hrsg.): [14] Lutz H: Feline retroviruses: a brief review. Vet Microbiol. 1990; 23: The biology of cancer. Garland Science, New York, 2007; 209–254 131–146 [181] Weller RE, Wold AM, Dyjido A: Transitional cell carcinoma of the [15] Modrow S, Falke D, Truyen U, Schätzl H (Hrsg.): Molekulare Viro- bladder associated with cyclophosphamide therapy in a dog. J Am logie. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag; 2010: 499–519 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1979; 5: 733–736 [16] Mullins JI, Brody DS, Binari RC et al.: Viral transduction of c-myc [182] Wilson H, Huelsmeyer M, Chun R et al.: Isolation and characteri- gene in naturally occuring feline leukemias. Nature. 1984; 308: sation of cancer stem cells from canine osteosarcoma. Vet J. 2008; 856–958 175: 69–75 [17] Neil JC, Hughes D, McFarlane R et al.: Transduction and rearrange- [183] Winston J, Craft DM, Scase TJ et al.: Immunohistochemical detec- ment of the myc gene by feline leukemia virus in naturally occuring tion of HER-2/neu expression in spontaneous feline mammary T-cell leukemias. Nature. 1984; 308: 814–820 tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 8–15 [18] Nespeca G, Grest P, Rosenkrantz WS et al.: Detection of novel [184] Wolf JC, Ginn PE, Homer B et al.: Immunohistochemical detection papillomaviruslike sequences in paraffin-embedded specimens of of p53 tumor suppressor gene protein in canine epithelial colorectal invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinomas from cats. Am. J Vet tumors. Vet Pathol. 1997; 34: 394–404 Res. 2006; 67: 2036–2041 [185] Wu AH, Pike MC, Stram DO: Meta-analysis: dietary fat intake, [19] Pedersen NC, Meric SM, Ho E. et al.: The clinical significance of serum estrogen levels, and the risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer latent feline leukaemia virus infection in cats. Feline Prac. 1984; 14: Inst. 1999; 91: 529–534 32–48 [186] Yang TJ: Immunobiology of a spontaneously regressive tumor, the [20] Pedersen NC: Virus infections of cats. In: Horzinek MC (Hrsg.): canine transmissible venereal sarcoma (review). Anticancer Res. Virus infections of vertebrates. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publi- 1988; 8: 93–95 sher; 1987: 215–388 [187] Zackheim HS: Cyclosporine-associated lymphoma. J Am Acad Der- [21] Rector A, Lemey P, Tachezy R et al.: Ancient papillomavirus-host matol. 1999; 40(6 Pt 1): 1015–1016 co-speciation in Felidae. Genome Biol. 2007; 8:R57 [22] Reinacher M: Pathologie der Infektion mit dem felinen Leukämie- virus (FeLV) bei der Katze. Prakt Tierarzt, Collegium veterinarium 2 Tumorentstehung durch Viren XXIII 1992; 82–83 [23] Rojko JL, Hoover EA, Mathes LE et al.: Pathogenesis of experimen- 2.1 Virusassoziierte Onkongenese tal feline leukemia virus infection. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1979; 63: 759– 768 [1] Bodily J, Laimins LA: Persistence of human papillomavirus infec- [24] Rojko JL, Hoover EA, Quackenbush et al.: Reactivation of latent tion: keys to malignant progression. Trends Microbiol. 2011; 19: feline leukaemia virus infection. Nature. 1982; 298: 385–388 33–39 [25] Sarma PS, Log T: Subgroup classification of feline leukemia and sar- [2] Doorbar J: The papillomavirus life cycle. J Clin Virol. 2005; 32 Suppl coma viruses by viral interference and neutralization tests. Virology. 1: S7–15 1973; 54: 160–169 [3] Fehrmann F, Laimins LA: Human papillomaviruses: targeting diffe- [26] Shelton GH, Grant CK, Cotter SM et al.: Feline immunodeficiency rentiating epithelial cells for malignant transformation. Oncogene. virus and feline leukemia virus infections and their relationship to 2003; 22: 5201–5207 lymphoid malignancies in cats: a retrospective study (1968–1988). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1990; 3: 623–630

[27] Snyder SP, Theilen GH: Transmissible feline fibrosarcoma. Nature. [20] Cotter SM, Hardy WD, Jr., Essex M: Association of feline leukemia 1969; 221: 1074–1075 virus with lymphosarcoma and other disorders in the cat. J Am Vet [28] Sundberg JP, Van Ranst M, Montali R et al.: Feline papillomas and Med Assoc. 1975; 166: 449–454 papillomaviruses. Vet Pathol. 2000; 37: 1–10 [21] Cotter SM: Feline viral neoplasia. In Greene CE (Hrsg.): Infectious [29] Zur Hausen H: Papillomavirus infections – a major cause of human diseases of the dog and cat. 2. Aufl. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; cancers. Biochem Biophys Acta. 1996; 1288: F55–78 1998 [22] Day MJ, Schoon HA, Magnol JP et al.: A kinetic study of histo- 2.2 FeLV-assoziierte Tumoren pathological changes in the subcutis of cats injected with non-adjuvanted and adjuvanted multi-component vaccines. Vaccine. 2007; [1] Abkowitz JL, Ott RL, Nakamura JM et al.: Feline glucose-6-phos- 25: 4073–4084 phate dehydrogenase cellular mosaicism. Application to the study [23] Day NK, OʼReilly-Felice C, Hardy WD, Jr. et al.: Circulating of retrovirus-induced pure red cell aplasia. J Clin Invest. 1985; 75: immune complexes associated with naturally occurring lymphosar- – 133 140 coma in pet cats. J Immunol. 1980; 125: 2363–2366 [2] Abkowitz JL, Holly RD, Adamson JW: Retrovirus-induced feline [24] Dean R, Adams V, Whitbread T et al.: Study of feline injection site pure red cell aplasia: the kinetics of erythroid marrow failure. J Cell sarcomas. Vet Rec. 2006; 159: 641–642 Physiol. 1987; 132: 571–577 [25] Diehl LJ, Hoover EA: Early and progressive helper T-cell dysfunction [3] Abkowitz JL: Retrovirus-induced feline pure red blood cell aplasia: in feline leukemia virus-induced immunodeficiency. J Acquir – pathogenesis and response to suramin. Blood. 1991; 77: 1442 Immune Defic Syndr. 1992; 5: 1188–1194 1451 [26] Donahue PR, Hoover EA, Beltz GA et al.: Strong sequence conser- [4] Anderson LJ, Jarrett WF: Membranous glomerulonephritis associa- vation among horizontally transmissible, minimally pathogenic – ted with leukaemia in cats. Res Vet Sci. 1971; 12: 179 180 feline leukemia viruses. J Virol. 1988; 62: 722–731 [5] Anderson MM, Lauring AS, Burns CC et al.: Identification of a cel- [27] Dornsife RE, Gasper PW, Mullins JI et al.: Induction of aplastic lular cofactor required for infection by feline leukemia virus. anemia by intra-bone marrow inoculation of a molecularly cloned – Science. 2000; 287: 1828 1830 feline retrovirus. Leuk Res. 1989; 13: 745–755 [6] Anderson MM, Lauring AS, Robertson S et al.: Feline Pit2 func- [28] Ellis JA, Jackson ML, Bartsch RC et al.: Use of immunohistoche- tions as a receptor for subgroup B feline leukemia viruses. J Virol. mistry and polymerase chain reaction for detection of oncornaviru- – 2001; 75: 10563 10572 ses in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded fibrosarcomas from cats. J [7] Arjona A, Escolar E, Soto I et al.: Seroepidemiological survey of Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: 767–771 infection by feline leukemia virus and immunodeficiency virus in [29] Essex M, Snyder SP: Feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane Madrid and correlation with some clinical aspects. J Clin Microbiol. antigen. I. Serologic studies with kittens exposed to cell-free mate- – 2000; 38: 3448 3449 rials from various feline fibrosarcomas. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1973; 51: [8] Arjona A, Barquero N, Domenech A et al.: Evaluation of a novel 1007–1012 nested PCR for the routine diagnosis of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) [30] Forman LW, Pal-Ghosh R, Spanjaard RA et al.: Identification of and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: LTR-specific small non-coding RNA in FeLV infected cells. FEBS Lett. – 14 22 2009; 583: 1386–1390 [9] Benveniste RE, Todaro GJ: Evolution of C-type viral genes: inheri- [31] Francis DP, Essex M, Hardy WD, Jr.: Excretion of feline leukaemia – tance of exogenously acquired viral genes. Nature. 1974; 252: 456 virus by naturally infected pet cats. Nature. 1977; 269: 252–254 459 [32] Francis DP, Cotter SM, Hardy WD, Jr. et al.: Comparison of virus- [10] Benveniste RE, Sherr CJ, Todaro GJ: Evolution of type C viral positive and virus-negative cases of feline leukemia and lymphoma. – genes: origin of feline leukemia virus. Science. 1975; 190: 886 888 Cancer Res. 1979; 39: 3866–3870 [11] Benveniste RE, Todaro GJ: Segregation of RD-114 AND FeL-V-rela- [33] Fujino Y, Satoh H, Hisasue M et al.: Detection of the integrated ted sequences in crosses between domestic cat and leopard cat. feline leukemia viruses in a cat lymphoid tumor cell line by fluores- – Nature. 1975; 257: 506 508 cence in situ hybridization. J Hered. 2003; 94: 251–255 [12] Blue JT: Myelofibrosis in cats with myelodysplastic syndrome and [34] Gleich SE, Krieger S, Hartmann K: Prevalence of feline immunode- – acute myelogenous leukemia. Vet Pathol. 1988; 25: 154 160 ficiency virus and feline leukaemia virus among client-owned cats [13] Boomer S, Eiden M, Burns CC et al.: Three distinct envelope and risk factors for infection in Germany. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; domains, variably present in subgroup B feline leukemia virus 11: 985–992 recombinants, mediate Pit1 and Pit2 receptor recognition. J Virol. [35] Grosenbaugh DA, Leard T, Pardo MC: Protection from challenge – 1997; 71: 8116 8123 following administration of a canarypox virus-vectored recombinant [14] Boyce JT, Kociba GJ, Jacobs RM et al.: Feline leukemia virus-indu- feline leukemia virus vaccine in cats previously vaccinated with a kil- ced thrombocytopenia and macrothrombocytosis in cats. Vet led virus vaccine. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 726–727 – Pathol. 1986; 23: 16 20 [36] Gryffydd-Jones TJ: A comparative study on effects of canarypox [15] Brightman AH, 2nd, Ogilvie GK, Tompkins M: Ocular disease in based recombinant leikaemia vaccine (Eurifel FeLV) against a natural FeLV-positive cats: 11 cases (1981–1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc. FeLV challange in cats. Proceedings of the 24th World Small Animal 1991; 198: 1049–1051 Association (WSAVA) Congress, Lyon, France. 1999 [16] Brown MR, Rogers KS: Neutropenia in dogs and cats: a retrospec- [37] Haney SM, Beaver L, Turrel J et al.: Survival analysis of 97 cats tive study of 261 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 131–139 with nasal lymphoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study [17] Brown NO, Patnaik AK, Mooney S et al.: Soft tissue sarcomas in (1986–2006). J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 287–294 the cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978; 173: 744–749 [38] Hardy WD, Jr., Hirshaut Y, Hess P: Detection of the feline leuke- [18] Cogan DC, Cotter SM, Kitchen LW: Effect of suramin on serum mia virus and other mammalian oncornaviruses by immunofluores- viral replication in feline leukemia virus-infected pet cats. Am J Vet cence. Bibl Haematol. 1973; 39: 778–799 Res. 1986; 47: 2230–2232 [39] Hardy WD, Jr., McClelland AJ, Zuckerman EE et al.: Development [19] Comazzi S, Paltrinieri S, Caniatti M et al.: Erythremic myelosis of virus non-producer lymphosarcomas in pet cats exposed to FeLV. (AML6er) in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2000; 2: 213–215 Nature. 1980; 288: 90–92

[40] Hardy WD, Jr.: Hematopoetic tumors of cats. J Am Anim Hosp [62] Kass PH, Barnes WG, Jr., Spangler WL et al.: Epidemiologic evi- Assoc. 1981; 17: 921–940 dence for a causal relation between vaccination and fibrosarcoma [41] Hardy WD, Jr.: Feline oncoretroviruses. In Levy JK (Hrsg.): The Ret- tumorigenesis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 396–405 roviridae. New York: Plenum Press; 1992: 109–180 [63] Lane SB, Kornegay JN, Duncan JR et al.: Feline spinal lymphosar- [42] Harrus S, Klement E, Aroch I et al.: Retrospective study of 46 coma: a retrospective evaluation of 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; cases of feline haemobartonellosis in Israel and their relationships 8: 99–104 with FeLV and FIV infections. Vet Rec. 2002; 151: 82–85 [64] Legendre AM, Mitchener KL, Potgieter LN: Efficacy of a feline leu- [43] Hartmann K, Gerle K, Leutenegger C et al.: Feline leukemia virus kemia virus vaccine in a natural exposure challenge. J Vet Intern – most important oncogene in cats? In: Abstracts from the 4th Med. 1990; 4: 92–98 International Feline Retrovirus Research Symposium. Glasgow, Scot- [65] Legendre AM, Hawks DM, Sebring R et al.: Comparison of the land, UK: 1998 efficacy of three commercial feline leukemia virus vaccines in a [44] Hartmann K, Werner RM, Egberink H et al.: Comparison of six in- natural challenge exposure. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 1456– house tests for the rapid diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency and 1462 feline leukaemia virus infections. Vet Rec. 2001; 149: 317–320 [66] Levy LS, Lobelle-Rich PA, Overbaugh J et al.: Coincident involve-

[45] Hartmann K, Griessmayr P, Schulz B et al.: Quality of different in- ment of flvi-2, c-myc, and novel env genes in natural and experi- Literaturverzeichnis clinic test systems for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leu- mental lymphosarcomas induced by feline leukemia virus. Virology. kaemia virus infection. J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: 439–445 1993; 196: 892–895 [46] Hendrick MJ, Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS et al.: Postvaccinal sar- [67] Louwerens M, London CA, Pedersen NC et al.: Feline lymphoma comas in the cat: epidemiology and electron probe microanalytical in the post-feline leukemia virus era. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: identification of aluminum. Cancer Res. 1992; 52: 5391–5394 329–335 [47] Hendrick MJ, Shofer FS, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Comparison of [68] Lutz H, Castelli I, Ehrensperger F et al.: Panleukopenia-like synd- fibrosarcomas that developed at vaccination sites and at nonvacci- rome of FeLV caused by co-infection with FeLV and feline panleuko- nation sites in cats: 239 cases (1991–1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc. penia virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1995; 46: 21–33 1994; 205: 1425–1429 [69] Lutz H, Addie D, Belak S et al.: Feline leukaemia. ABCD guidelines [48] Hines DL, Cutting JA, Dietrich DL et al.: Evaluation of efficacy and on prevention and management. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 565– safety of an inactivated virus vaccine against feline leukemia virus 574 infection. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 1428–1430 [70] Mackey L: Feline leukaemia virus and its clinical effects in cats. Vet [49] Hisasue M, Okayama H, Okayama T et al.: Hematologic abnorma- Rec. 1975; 96: 5–11 lities and outcome of 16 cats with myelodysplastic syndromes. J Vet [71] Macy DW: The potential role and mechanisms of FeLV vaccine- Intern Med. 2001; 15: 471–477 induced neoplasms. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1995; 10: [50] Hofmann-Lehmann R, Cattori V, Tandon R et al.: Vaccination 234–237 against the feline leukaemia virus: outcome and response catego- [72] Mendoza R, Anderson MM, Overbaugh J: A putative thiamine ries and long-term follow-up. Vaccine. 2007; 25: 5531–5539 transport protein is a receptor for feline leukemia virus subgroup A. [51] Hofmann-Lehmann R, Cattori V, Tandon R et al.: How molecular J Virol. 2006; 80: 3378–3385 methods change our views of FeLV infection and vaccination. Vet [73] Miller AD, Miller DG, Garcia JV et al.: Use of retroviral vectors for Immunol Immunopathol. 2008; 123: 119–123 gene transfer and expression. Methods Enzymol. 1993; 217: 581– [52] Hoover EA, Kociba GJ, Hardy WD, Jr. et al.: Erythroid hypoplasia in 599 cats inoculated with feline leukemia virus. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1974; [74] Moore AS, Cotter SM, Frimberger AE et al.: A comparison of 53: 1271–1276 doxorubicin and COP for maintenance of remission in cats with lym- [53] Hoover EA, Olsen RG, Hardy WD, Jr. et al.: Horizontal transmis- phoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 372–375 sion of feline leukemia virus under experimental conditions. J Natl [75] Moser M, Burns CC, Boomer S et al.: The host range and interfe- Cancer Inst. 1977; 58: 443–444 rence properties of two closely related feline leukemia variants sug- [54] Hoover EA, Mullins JI: Feline Leukemia-Virus Infection and Disea- gest that they use distinct receptors. Virology. 1998; 242: 366–377 ses. J AmVet + Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 1287–1297 [76] Neil JC, Fulton R, Rigby M et al.: Feline leukaemia virus: generation [55] Jarrett O: Antigenic determinants shared by polypeptides of feline of pathogenic and oncogenic variants. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. leukaemia virus. Bibl Haematol. 1973; 39: 810–812 1991; 171: 67–93 [56] Jarrett O, Laird HM, Hay D: Determinants of the host range of [77] Nishigaki K, Okuda M, Endo Y et al.: Structure and function of the feline leukaemia viruses. J Gen Virol. 1973; 20: 169–175 long terminal repeats of feline leukemia viruses derived from naturally occurring acute myeloid leukemias in cats. J Virol. 1997; 71: [57] Jarrett O, Russell PH: Differential growth and transmission in cats 9823–9827 of feline leukaemia viruses of subgroups A and B. Int J Cancer. 1978; 21: 466–472 [78] Ogilvie GK, Tompkins MB, Tompkins WA: Clinical and immunologic aspects of FeLV-induced immunosuppression. Vet Microbiol. [58] Jarrett O, Hardy WD, Jr., Golder MC et al.: The frequency of occur- 1988; 17: 287–296 rence of feline leukaemia virus subgroups in cats. Int J Cancer. 1978; 21: 334–337 [79] Onions D, Jarrett O, Testa N et al.: Selective effect of feline leukaemia virus on early erythroid precursors. Nature. 1982; 296: 156– [59] Jarrett O, Golder MC, Toth S et al.: Interaction between feline leu- 158 kaemia virus subgroups in the pathogenesis of erythroid hypoplasia. Int J Cancer. 1984; 34: 283–288 [80] Overbaugh J, Donahue PR, Quackenbush SL et al.: Molecular cloning of a feline leukemia virus that induces fatal immunodeficiency [60] Jarrett W, Jarrett O, Mackey L et al.: Horizontal transmission of disease in cats. Science. 1988; 239: 906–910 leukemia virus and leukemia in the cat. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1973; 51: 833–841 [81] Overbaugh J, Riedel N, Hoover EA et al.: Transduction of endogenous envelope genes by feline leukaemia virus in vitro. Nature. [61] Jordan HL, Grindem CB, Breitschwerdt EB: Thrombocytopenia in 1988; 332: 731–734 cats: a retrospective study of 41 cases. J Vet Intern Med. 1993; 7: 261–265 [82] Pardi D, Hoover EA, Quackenbush SL et al.: Selective impairment of humoral immunity in feline leukemia virus-induced immunodeficiency. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1991; 28: 183–200

[83] Pedersen NC: Feline leukemia virus infection. In Pedersen NC [103] Sand C, Englert T, Egberink H et al.: Evaluation of a new in-clinic (Hrsg.): Feline infectious diseases. Santa Barbara, CA: American test system to detect feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leu- Veterinary Publications; 1988 kemia virus infection. Vet Clin Pathol. 2010; 39: 210–214 [84] Pedersen NC: Feline leukemia cirus infection. In Pedersen NC [104] Sarma PS, Log T: Viral interference in feline leukemia-sarcoma (Hrsg.): Feline Husbandry, diseases and management in a multiple complex. Virology. 1971; 44: 352–358 cat environment. Goleta, CA: American Veterinary Publications; [105] Sarma PS, Log T: Subgroup classification of feline leukemia and sar- 1991: 210–221 coma viruses by viral interference and neutralization tests. Virology. [85] Pedersen NC: Feline leukemia virus infection. In Pedersen NC 1973; 54: 160–169 (Hrsg.): Feline husbandry, disease and management in the multiple [106] Sarma PS, Log T, Jain D et al.: Differential host range of viruses of cat environment. Goleta, CA: American Veterinary Publications; feline leukemia-sarcoma complex. Virology. 1975; 64: 438–446 1991: 210–220 [107] Sarma PS, Log T, Skuntz S et al.: Experimental horizontal transmis- [86] Pinches MD, Diesel G, Helps CR et al.: An update on FIV and FeLV sion of feline leukemia viruses of subgroups A, B, and C. J Natl Can- test performance using a Bayesian statistical approach. Vet Clin cer Inst. 1978; 60: 871–874 Pathol. 2007; 36: 141–147 [108] Schrenzel MD, Higgins RJ, Hinrichs SH et al.: Type C retroviral [87] Quackenbush SL, Donahue PR, Dean GA et al.: Lymphocyte sub- expression in spontaneous feline olfactory neuroblastomas. Acta set alterations and viral determinants of immunodeficiency disease Neuropathol. 1990; 80: 547–553 induction by the feline leukemia virus FeLV-FAIDS. J Virol. 1990; 64: [109] Sheets RL, Pandey R, Jen WC et al.: Recombinant feline leukemia 5465–5474 virus genes detected in naturally occurring feline lymphosarcomas. [88] Quigley JG, Burns CC, Anderson MM et al.: Cloning of the cellular J Virol. 1993; 67: 3118–3125 receptor for feline leukemia virus subgroup C (FeLV-C), a retrovirus [110] Shelton GH, Grant CK, Cotter SM et al.: Feline immunodeficiency that induces red cell aplasia. Blood. 2000; 95: 1093–1099 virus and feline leukemia virus infections and their relationships to [89] Reinacher M, Theilen G: Frequency and significance of feline leuke- lymphoid malignancies in cats: a retrospective study (1968–1988). mia virus infection in necropsied cats. Am J Vet Res. 1987; 48: 939– J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1990; 3: 623–630 945 [111] Shelton GH, Linenberger ML: Hematologic abnormalities associa- [90] Reinacher M: Infektionen mit felinem Leukämie-Virus (FeLV) bei ted with retroviral infections in the cat. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small sezierten Katzen. Kleintierprax. 1987; 32: 65–72 Anim). 1995; 10: 220–233 [91] Reinacher M: Diseases associated with spontaneous feline leukemia [112] Shimoda T, Shiranaga N, Mashita T et al.: Chronic myelomonocy- virus (FeLV) infection in cats. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989; tic leukemia in a cat. J Vet Med Sci. 2000; 62: 195–197 21: 85–95 [113] Snyder HW Jr, Fox M: Characterization of a fetal calf serum-derived [92] Richards JR, Elston TH, Ford RB et al.: The 2006 American Associa- molecule reactive with human natural antibodies: its occurrence in tion of Feline Practitioners Feline Vaccine Advisory Panel report. J tissue culture-grown type C RNA viruses. J Immunol. 1978; 120: Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 1405–1441 646–651 [93] Rickard CG, Post JE, Noronha F et al.: A transmissible virus-indu- [114] Snyder SP, Theilen GH: Transmissible feline fibrosarcoma. Nature. ced lymphocytic leukemia of the cat. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1969; 42: 1969; 221: 1074–1075 987–1014 [115] Stewart MA, Warnock M, Wheeler A et al.: Nucleotide sequences [94] Riedel N, Hoover EA, Gasper PW et al.: Molecular analysis and of a feline leukemia virus subgroup A envelope gene and long ter- pathogenesis of the feline aplastic anemia retrovirus, feline leuke- minal repeat and evidence for the recombinational origin of sub- mia virus C-Sarma. J Virol. 1986; 60: 242–250 group B viruses. J Virol. 1986; 58: 825–834 [95] Riedel N, Hoover EA, Dornsife RE et al.: Pathogenic and host [116] Stützer B, Muller F, Majzoub M et al.: Role of latent feline leuke- range determinants of the feline aplastic anemia retrovirus. Proc mia virus infection in nonregenerative cytopenias of cats. J Vet Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988; 85: 2758–2762 Intern Med. 2010; 24: 192–197 [96] Rigby MA, Rojko JL, Stewart MA et al.: Partial dissociation of sub- [117] Stützer B, Simon K, Lutz H et al.: Incidence of persistent viraemia group C phenotype and in vivo behaviour in feline leukaemia viruses and latent feline leukaemia virus infection in cats with lymphoma. J with chimeric envelope genes. J Gen Virol. 1992; 73 ( Pt 11): 2839– Feline Med Surg. 2011; 13: 81–87 2847 [118] Swenson CL, Kociba GJ, OʼKeefe DA et al.: Cyclic hematopoiesis [97] Roca AL, Pecon-Slattery J, OʼBrien SJ: Genomically intact endo- associated with feline leukemia virus infection in two cats. J Am Vet genous feline leukemia viruses of recent origin. J Virol. 2004; 78: Med Assoc. 1987; 191: 93–96 4370–4375 [119] Tailor CS, Willett BJ, Kabat D: A putative cell surface receptor for [98] Roca AL, Nash WG, Menninger JC et al.: Insertional polymor- anemia-inducing feline leukemia virus subgroup C is a member of a phisms of endogenous feline leukemia viruses. J Virol. 2005; 79: transporter superfamily. J Virol. 1999; 73: 6500–6505 3979–3986 [120] Tandon R, Cattori V, Willi B et al.: Copy number polymorphism of [99] Rohn JL, Linenberger ML, Hoover EA et al.: Evolution of feline leu- endogenous feline leukemia virus-like sequences. Mol Cell Probes. kemia virus variant genomes with insertions, deletions, and defec- 2007; 21: 257–266 tive envelope genes in infected cats with tumors. J Virol. 1994; 68: [121] Tandon R, Cattori V, Pepin AC et al.: Association between endo- 2458–2467 genous feline leukemia virus loads and exogenous feline leukemia [100] Rojko J, Essex M, Trainin Z: Feline leukemia/sarcoma viruses and virus infection in domestic cats. Virus Res. 2008; 135: 136–143 immunodeficiency. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1988; 32: 57–96 [122] Taylor SS, Goodfellow MR, Browne WJ et al.: Feline extranodal [101] Rojko J, Hardy WD: Feline leukemia virus and other retroviruses. In lymphoma: response to chemotherapy and survival in 110 cats. J Sherding RG. (Hrsg.): The Cat: Diseases and clinical management. Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 584–592 New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1994: 263–432 [123] Teske E, van Straten G, van Noort R et al.: Chemotherapy with [102] Roy-Burman P: Endogenous env elements: partners in generation cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (COP) in cats with of pathogenic feline leukemia viruses. Virus Genes. 1995; 11: 147– malignant lymphoma: new results with an old protocol. J Vet Intern 161 Med. 2002; 16: 179–186

[124] Testa NG, Onions D, Jarrett O et al.: Haemopoietic colony forma- [13] De Nardo P: [Veterinary environmental epidemiology: the case of tion (BFU-E, GM-CFC) during the development of pure red cell respiratory pathology in the dog] Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1997; 33: hypoplasia induced in the cat by feline leukaemia virus. Leuk Res. 587–593 1983; 7: 103–116 [14] Dennis MM, Ehrhart N, Duncan CG et al.: Frequency of and risk [125] Torres AN, OʼHalloran KP, Larson LJ et al.: Development and appli- factors associated with lingual lesions in dogs: 1,196 cases (1995– cation of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to detect feline leuke- 2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 1533–1537 mia virus RNA. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008; 123: 81–89 [15] Edwards DS, Henley WE, Harding EF et al.: Breed incidence of [126] Tsujimoto H, Fulton R, Nishigaki K et al.: A common proviral lymphoma in a UK population of insured dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. integration region, fit-1, in T-cell tumors induced by myc-containing 2003; 1: 200–206 feline leukemia viruses. Virology. 1993; 196: 845–848 [16] Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Hedhammar A et al.: Mortality in over [127] Tuomari DL, Olsen RG, Singh VK et al.: Detection of circulating 350,000 insured Swedish dogs from 1995–2000: II. Breed-specific immune complexes by a Clq/protein A-ELISA during the preneoplas- age and survival patterns and relative risk for causes of death. Acta tic stages of feline leukemia virus infection. Vet Immunol Immuno- Vet Scand. 2005; 46: 121–136 pathol. 1984; 7: 227–238 [17] Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Ohagen P et al.: Incidence of and survival

[128] Vail DM, Moore AS, Ogilvie GK et al.: Feline lymphoma (145 after mammary tumors in a population of over 80,000 insured Literaturverzeichnis cases): proliferation indices, cluster of differentiation 3 immuno- female dogs in Sweden from 1995 to 2002. Prev Vet Med. 2005; reactivity, and their association with prognosis in 90 cats. J Vet 69: 109–127 Intern Med. 1998; 12: 349–354 [18] Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Olson P et al.: Gender, age and breed [129] Willi B, Filoni C, Catao-Dias JL et al.: Worldwide occurrence of and distribution of morbidity and mortality in insured dogs in Swe- feline hemoplasma infections in wild felid species. J Clin Microbiol. den during 1995 and 1996. Vet Rec. 2000; 146: 519–525 2007; 45: 1159–1166 [19] Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Olson P et al.: Gender, age and breed [130] Wittmer G: Statistische Untersuchungen zur Infektion mit dem pattern of diagnoses for veterinary care in insured dogs in Sweden Felinen Leukämievirus (FeLV) bei Sektionskatzen. Dissertation Insti- during 1996. Vet Rec. 2000; 146: 551–557 tut für Veterinär-Pathologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität. Gießen: 1995 [20] Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Shoukri M et al.: Age pattern of mortality in eight breeds of insured dogs in Sweden. Prev Vet Med. 2000; 46: 1–14 3 Epidemiologie von Tumorerkrankungen bei [21] Egenvall A, Nødtvedt A, Häggström J et al.: Mortality of life-insu- Hund und Katze red Swedish cats during 1999–2006: age, breed, sex, and diagnosis. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 1175–1183 [1] Adams VJ, Evans KM, Sampson J et al.: Methods and mortality [22] Egenvall A, Nødtvedt A, Penell J et al.: Insurance data for research results of a health survey of purebred dogs in the UK. J Small Anim in companion animals: benefits and limitations. Acta Vet Scand. Pract. 2010; 51: 512–524 2009; 51: 42 [2] Arnesen K, Gamlem H, Glattre E et al.: [Registration of canine can- [23] Egenvall A, Nødtvedt A, von Euler H: Bone tumors in a population cer]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1995; 115: 714–717 of 400 000 insured Swedish dogs up to 10 y of age: incidence and [3] Bonnett BN, Egenvall A, Hedhammar A et al.: Mortality in over survival. Can J Vet Res. 2007; 71: 292–299 350,000 insured Swedish dogs from 1995–2000: I. Breed-, gender-, [24] Gamlem H, Nordstoga K, Glattre E: Canine neoplasia–introductory age- and cause-specific rates. Acta Vet Scand. 2005; 46(3): 105– paper. APMIS Suppl. 2008; 125: 5–18 120 [25] Gardner DG: Spontaneous squamous cell carcinomas of the oral [4] Bonnett BN, Egenvall A, Olson P et al.: Mortality in insured Swe- region in domestic animals: a review and consideration of their dish dogs: rates and causes of death in various breeds. Vet Rec. relevance to human research. Oral Dis 1996; 2(2): 148–154 1997; 141: 40–44 [26] Glickman L, Domanski L, Maguire T et al.: Mesothelioma in pet [5] Brønden LB, Nielsen SS, Toft N et al.: Data from the Danish veteri- dogs associated with exposure of their owners to asbestos. Environ nary cancer registry on the occurrence and distribution of neo- Res. 1983; 32: 305–313 plasms in dogs in Denmark. Vet Rec. 2010; 166: 586–590 [27] Glickman LT, McKnee LJ, Shofer FS et al.: Epidemiologic study of [6] Bronson RT: Variation in age at death of dogs of different sexes and insecticide exposures, obesity, and risk of bladder cancer in house- breeds. Am J Vet Res. 1982; 43: 2057–2059 hold dogs. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1989; 28: 407–414 [7] Bryan JN, Keeler MR, Henry CJ et al.: A population study of neut- [28] Glickman LT, Raghavan M, Knapp DW et al.: Herbicide exposure ering status as a risk factor for canine prostate cancer. Prostate. and the risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in 2007; 67: 1174–1181 Scottish Terriers. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224: 1290–1297 [8] Bukowski JA, Wartenberg D: An alternative approach for investi- [29] Gobar GM, Case JT, Kass PH: Program for surveillance of causes of gating the carcinogenicity of indoor air pollution: pets as sentinels death of dogs, using the internet to survey small animal veterinar- of environmental cancer risk. Environ Health Perspect. 1997; 105: ians. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 213: 252–256 1312–1319 [30] Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS: Skin tumors of the dog and cat. New [9] Cohen D, Booth S, Sussman O: An epidemiological study of canine York, New York: Pergamon Press, 1992 lymphoma and its public health significance. Am J Vet Res. 1959; [31] Gough A, Thomas A: Rassedispositionen bei Hund und Katze. 20: 1026–1031 Urban & Fischer / Elsevier GmbH, 2009 [10] Cohen D, Reif JS, Brodney RS: Epidemiological analysis of the most [32] Hayes HM Jr., Hoover R, Tarone RE: Bladder cancer in pet dogs: a prevalent sites and types of canine neoplasia observed in a veteri- sentinel for environmental cancer? Am J Epidemiol. 1981; 114: nary hospital. Cancer Research. 1974; 34: 2859–2868 229–233 [11] Committee on Animals as Monitors of Environmental Hazards, [33] Hayes H: Canine bladder cancer: Epidemiologic features. Am J Epi- Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National demiol. 1976; 104: 673–677 Research Council (Hrsg.): Animals as Sentinels of Environmental [34] Heuper WC, Wiley FH, Wolfe HD: Experimental production of Health Hazard. National Academy Press, Washington, 1991 bladder tumors in dogs by administration of beta-naphthylamine. J [12] Craig LE: Cause of death in dogs according to breed: a necropsy Industr Hyg Toxicol. 1938; 20: 46–84 survey of five breeds. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 438–443

[35] Howard EB, Nielsen SE: Neoplasia of the boxer dog. Am J Vet Res. [58] Rostami M, Tateyama S, Uchida K et al.: Tumors in domestic ani- 1965; 26: 1121–1131 mals examined during a ten-year period (1980 to 1989) at Miyazaki [36] Kelsey JL, Moore AS, Glickman LT: Epidemiologic studies of risk University. J Vet Med Sci. 1994; 56: 403–405 factors for cancer in pet dogs. Epidemiol Rev. 1998; 20: 204–217 [59] Santoro D, Marsella R, Hernandez J: Investigation on the associa- [37] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Beitrag zur pädiatrischen Onkologie tion between atopic dermatitis and the development of mycosis beim Kleintier. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wochenschr. 1997; 110: 311– fungoides in dogs: a retrospective case-control study. Vet Dermatol. 314 2007; 18: 101–106 [38] Knapp DW, Glickman NW, DeNickola DB et al.: Naturally occur- [60] Schmidt JM, North SM, Freeman KP et al.: Canine paediatric ring canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a rele- oncology: retrospective assessment of 9522 tumours in dogs up to vant model of human invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol. 2000; 5: 12 months (1993–2008). Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 283–292 47–59 [61] Schneider R: Epidemiologic studies of cancer in man and animals [39] Madewell BR, Priester WA, Gillette EL et al.: Neoplasms of the sharing the same environment. In: Proc. 3rd Int. symposium of the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses in domesticated animals as detection and prevention of cancer. New York: 1976; 1377–1387 reported by 13 veterinary colleges. Am J Vet Res. 1976; 37: 851– [62] Snyder JM, Shofer FS, Van Winkle TJ et al.: Canine intracranial pri- 856 mary neoplasia: 173 cases (1986–2003). J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20 [40] Mandigers PJ, Senders T, Rothuizen J: Morbidity and mortality in (3): 669–675 928 Dobermanns born in the Netherlands between 1993 and 1999. [63] Snyder LA, Bertone ER, Jakowski RM et al.: p53 expression and Vet Rec. 2006; 158: 226–229 environmental tobacco smoke exposure in feline oral squamous cell [41] Michell AR: Longevity of British breeds of dog and its relationships carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2004; 209–214 with sex, size, cardiovascular variables and disease. Vet Rec. 1999; [64] Vaccine-associated feline sarcoma task force: http: //www.avma. 145: 625–629 org/vafstf [42] Misdorp W: Tumors of the mammary gland. In: Meuten DJ (Hrsg.): [65] Vascellari M, Baioni E, Ru G et al.: Animal tumour registry of two Tumors in domestic animals, 4. Aufl. Ames, Iowa: Blackwell Publish- provinces in northern Italy: incidence of spontaneous tumours in ing; 2002: 575–606 dogs and cats. BMC Vet Res. 2009; 5: 39 [43] Moe L, Gamlem H, Dahl K et al.: Canine neoplasia–population- [66] von Bomhard D, von Bomhard W: Tumoren und tumorähnliche based incidence of vascular tumours. APMIS Suppl. 2008; 125: 63– Bildungen. In: Kraft W, Dürr DM, Hartmann K (Hrsg.): Katzenkrank- 68 heiten. 2. Bd.. Klinik und Therapie, 5. Aufl. Hannover: Schaper; [44] Moe L: Population-based incidence of mammary tumours in some 2003: 1191–1278 dog breeds. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2001; 57: 439–443 [67] Von Bomhard D: Epidemiologie. In: Nolte I, Nolte M (Hrsg.): Praxis [45] Moore GE, Burkman KD, Carter MN et al.: Causes of death or reader Onkologie bei Hund und Katze. Stuttgart: Enke Verlag, 2000 son for euthanasia in military working dogs: 927 cases (1993– [68] Weeth LP, Fascetti AJ, Kass PH et al.: Prevalence of obese dogs in 1996). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 209–214 a population of dogs with cancer. Am J Vet Res. 2007; 68: 389–398 [46] Nielsen L, Andreasen SN, Andersen SD et al.: Malignant histiocy- [69] Weiß C: Basiswissen medizinische Statistik, 3. Aufl. Heidelberg. tosis and other causes of death in Bernese mountain dogs in Den- Springer Medizin Verlag, 2005 mark. Vet Rec. 2010; 166: 199–202 [47] Peterson MR, Frommelt RA, Dunn DG: A study of the lifetime occurrence of neoplasia and breed differences in a cohort of Ger- 4 Paraneoplastische Syndrome man shephard dogs and Belgian malinois military working dogs that died in 1992. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 140–145 [1] Ali N, Abbasi AN, Karsan F et al.: A case of finger clubbing associa- [48] Priester WA, Mantel N: Occurrence of tumors in domestic ani- ted with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a young girl, and review of mals: data form 12 United States colleges of veterinary medicine. J pathophysiology. J Pak Med Assoc. 2009; 59: 253–254 Natl Cancer Inst. 1971; 47: 1333–1344 [2] Allenspach K, Arnold P, Glaus T et al.: Glucagon-producing neuro- [49] Priester WA: Canine lymphoma: Relative risk in the boxer breed. J endocrine tumour associated with hypoaminoacidaemia and skin Natl Cancer Inst. 1967; 39: 833–845 lesions. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41: 402–406 [50] Priester WA: Skin tumors in domestic animals: data from 12 United [3] Alpers CE, Cotran RS.: Neoplasia and glomerular injury. Kidney Int. States and Canadian colleges of veterinary medicine. J Natl Cancer 1986; 30: 465–473 Inst. 1973; 50: 457–466 [4] Anderson TE, Legendre AM, McEntee MM: Probable hypercalce- [51] Proschowsky HF, Rugbjerg H, Ersboo AK: Morbidity of purebred mia of malignancy in a cat with bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. J dogs in Denmark. Prev Vet Med. 2003; 58: 53–62 Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 52–55 [52] Proschowsky HF, Rugbjerg H, Ersboo AK: Mortality of purebred [5] Argiles JM, Alvarez B, Lopez-Soriano FJ: The metabolic basis of and mixed-breed dogs in Denmark. Prev Vet Med. 2003; 58: 63–74 cancer cachexia. Med Res Rev. 1997; 17: 477–498 [53] Raghavan M, Knapp DW., Dawson MH et al.: Topical flea and tick [6] Argiles JM, Olivan M, Busquets S et al.: Optimal management of pesticides and the risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Cancer Manag Res. 2010; 2: bladder in Scottish Terriers. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 225: 389– 27–38 394 [7] Atkinson S, Fox SB: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A [54] Ragland WL, Gorham JH: Tonsillar carcinoma in rural dogs. Nature. and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) play a central role in the 1967; 214: 925–926 pathogenesis of digital clubbing. J Pathol. 2004; 203: 721–728 [55] Reif JS, Bruns D, Lower KS: Cancer of the nasal cavity and parana- [8] Atlee BA, DeBoer DJ, Ihrke PJ: Nodular dermatofibrosis in German sal sinuses and exposure to environmental tabacco smoke in pet Shepard dogs as a marker for renal cystadenocarcinoma. J Am Anim dogs. Am J Epidemiol. 1998; 147: 488–492 Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: 1991 [56] Reif JS, Dunn K, Ogilvie GK et al.: Passive smoking and canine lung [9] Atwater SW, Powers BE, Park RD et al.: Thymoma in dogs: 23 cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 1992; 135: 324–329 cases (1980–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 205: 1007–1013 [57] Reif JS: The Epidemiology and incidence of cancer. In: Withrow SJ, [10] Baijens LW, Manni JJ: Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with Vail DM (Hrsg.): Withrow and MacEwan’s Small animal clinical onco- primary malignancies of the head and neck. Four cases and a review logy. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2007: 68–76 of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2006; 263: 32–36

[11] Barrs VR, Beatty JA, McCandlish IA et al.: Hypereosinophilic para- [35] Fossum TW, Wellman M, Relford RL et al.: Eosinophilic pleural or neoplastic syndrome in a cat with intestinal T cell lymphosarcoma. J peritoneal effusions in dogs and cats: 14 cases (1986–1992). J Am Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 401–405 Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1873–1876 [12] Barthez PY, Marks SL, Woo J et al.: Pheochromocytoma in dogs: [36] Fox LE, Rosenthal RC, Twedt DC et al.: Plasma histamine and gast- 61 cases (1984–1995). J Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 272–278 rin concentrations in 17 dogs with mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern [13] Battaglia L, Petterino C, Zappulli V et al.: Hypoglycaemia as a Med. 1990; 4: 242–246 paraneoplastic syndrome associated with renal adenocarcinoma in [37] Gilbert PA, Griffin CE, Walder EJ: Nodular dermatofibrosis and a dog. Vet Res Commun. 2005; 29: 671–675 renal cystadenoma in a German Shepherd dog. J Am Anim Hosp [14] Bergman PJ: Paraneoplastic syndromes In: Withrow SJ, MacEwen Assoc. 1990; 26: 253–256 EG (Hrsg.) Small Animal Clinical Oncology. 4. Aufl. St. Louis: Saun- [38] Giraudel JM, Pages JP, Guelfi JF: Monoclonal gammopathies in the ders, 2007 dog: a retrospective study of 18 cases (1986–1999) and literature [15] Boyiadis M, Lieberman FS, Geskin LJ et al.: Paraneoplastic Syndro- review. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 135–147 mes In: DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA (Hrsg.) Cancer: Prin- [39] Gores BR, Berg J, Carpenter JL et al.: Surgical treatment of thy- ciples & Practice of Oncology. Philadelphia: Lippincott W&W, 2011 moma in cats: 12 cases (1987–1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; – [16] Braund KG: Remote effects of cancer on the nervous system. 204: 1782 1785 Literaturverzeichnis Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1990; 5: 262–270 [40] Gorse MJ: Polycythemia associated with renal fibrosarcoma in a [17] Braund KG, Everett RM, Bartels JE et al.: Neurologic complications dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 793–794 of IgA multiple myeloma associated with cryoglobulinemia in a [41] Green AR: 5-HT-mediated behavior. Animal studies. Neuropharma- dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 174: 1321–1325 cology. 1984; 23: 1521–1528 [18] Braund KG, Steiss JE, Amling KA et al.: Insulinoma and subclinical [42] Greenlee PG, Filippa DA, Quimby FW et al.: Lymphomas in dogs. peripheral neuropathy in two dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1987; 1: 86–90 A morphologic, immunologic, and clinical study. Cancer. 1990; 66: [19] Byrne KP: Metabolic epidermal necrosis-hepatocutaneous synd- 480–490 rome. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1999; 29: 1337–1355 [43] Grill V, Ho P, Body JJ et al.: Parathyroid hormone-related protein: [20] Chew DJ, Meuten DJ: Disorders of calcium and phosphorus meta- elevated levels in both humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy and bolism. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1982; 12: 411–438 hypercalcemia complicating metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Endo- crinol Metab. 1991; 73: 1309–1315 [21] Chinn DR, Myers RK, Matthews JA: Neutrophilic leukocytosis associated with metastatic fibrosarcoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [44] Grindem CB, Breitschwerdt EB, Corbett WT et al.: Thrombocyto- 1985; 186: 806–809 penia associated with neoplasia in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 400–405 [22] Cohen M, Post GS: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in a dog with intestinal leiomyosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 215:1818– [45] Gross TL, Song MD, Havel PJ et al.: Superficial necrolytic dermati- 1820, 1806 tis (necrolytic migratory erythema) in dogs. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 75–81 [23] Couto CG: Tumor-associated eosinophilia in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 837 [46] Hanna F: Multiple myelomas in cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2005; 7: 275–287 [24] Couto CG, Boudrieau RJ, Zanjani ED: Tumor-associated erythrocytosis in a dog with nasal fibrosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1989; 3: [47] Heber D, Byerley LO, Chi J et al.: Pathophysiology of malnutrition 183–185 in the adult cancer patient. Cancer. 1986; 58: 1867–1873 [25] de Beukelaar JW, Sillevis Smitt PA: Managing paraneoplastic neu- [48] Herrera MF, Stone E, Deitel M et al.: Pheochromocytoma produ- rological disorders. Oncologist. 2006; 11: 292–305 cing multiple vasoactive peptides. Arch Surg. 1992; 127: 105–108 [26] Degen MA, Feldman BF, Turrel JM et al.: Thrombocytosis associa- [49] Hickford FH, Stokol T, van Gessel YA et al.: Monoclonal immuno- ted with a myeloproliferative disorder in a dog. J Am Vet Med globulin G cryoglobulinemia and multiple myeloma in a domestic Assoc. 1989; 194: 1457–1459 shorthair cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 1029–1033, 1007– 1028 [27] Dole RS, MacPhail CM, Lappin MR: Paraneoplastic leukocytosis with mature neutrophilia in a cat with pulmonary squamous cell [50] Hogan DF, Dhaliwal RS, Sisson DD et al.: Paraneoplastic thrombo- carcinoma. J Feline Med Surg. 2004; 6: 391–395 cytosis-induced systemic thromboembolism in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1999; 35: 483–486 [28] Dyer KR: Hypoglycemia: a common metabolic manifestation of cancer. Vet Med. 1992; 87: 40, 42–47 [51] Hostutler RA, Chew DJ, Jaeger JQ et al.: Uses and effectiveness of pamidronate disodium for treatment of dogs and cats with hyper- [29] Ehrlein J, Hänichen W, Herrmanns W: Hämorrhagische Diathese bei calcemia. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 29–33 Hündinnen mit Mammatumoren. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 469–471 [52] Howard J, Senior DF: Cachexia and nutritional issues in animals [30] Fan TM, de Lorimier LP, Charney SC et al.: Evaluation of intra- with cancer. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 632–637 venous pamidronate administration in 33 cancer-bearing dogs with primary or secondary bone involvement. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; [53] Hurtado J, Esbrit P: Treatment of malignant hypercalcaemia. 19: 74–80 Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2002; 3: 521–527 [31] Fearon KC, Barber MD, Moses AG: The cancer cachexia syndrome. [54] Hurvitz AI, MacEwen EG, Middaugh CR et al.: Monoclonal cryo- Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2001; 10: 109–126 globulinemia with macroglobulinemia in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977; 170: 511–513 [32] Feldman BF, Madewell BR, OʼNeill S: Disseminated intravascular coagulation: antithrombin, plasminogen, and coagulation abnor- [55] Ishiguro T, Kadosawa T, Takagi S et al.: Relationship of disease malities in 41 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 179: 151–154 progression and plasma histamine concentrations in 11 dogs with mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 194–198 [33] Forrester SD, Greco DS, Relford RL: Serum hyperviscosity syndrome associated with multiple myeloma in two cats. J Am Vet Med [56] Jonasdottir TJ, Mellersh CS, Moe L et al.: Genetic mapping of a Assoc. 1992; 200: 79–82 naturally occurring hereditary renal cancer syndrome in dogs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000; 97: 4132–4137 [34] Forster-Van Hijfte MA, Curtis CF, White RN: Resolution of exfoliative dermatitis and Malassezia pachydermatis overgrowth in a cat [57] Joseph RJ, Carrillo JM, Lennon VA: Myasthenia gravis in the cat. J after surgical thymoma resection. J Small Anim Pract. 1997; 38: Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 75–79 451–454

[58] Kadar E, Rush JE, Wetmore L et al.: Electrolyte disturbances and [79] Marconato L, Albanese F, Viacava P et al.: Paraneoplastic alopecia cardiac arrhythmias in a dog following pamidronate, calcitonin, and associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in a cat. Vet Dermatol. furosemide administration for hypercalcemia of malignancy. J Am 2007; 18: 267–271 Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 75–81 [80] Maruyama H, Miura T, Sakai M et al.: The incidence of dissemina- [59] Keller ET: Immune-mediated disease as a risk factor for canine lym- ted intravascular coagulation in dogs with malignant tumor. J Vet phoma. Cancer. 1992; 70: 2334–2337 Med Sci. 2004; 66: 573–575 [60] Khanna C, Lund EM, Redic KA et al.: Randomized controlled trial [81] Matus RE, Leifer CE, MacEwen EG et al.: Prognostic factors for of doxorubicin versus dactinomycin in a multiagent protocol for multiple myeloma in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: treatment of dogs with malignant lymphoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1288–1292 1998; 213: 985–990 [82] Mauricio O, Francis L, Athar U et al.: Hypertrophic osteoarthro- [61] Kiebanow ER: Thymoma and aquired myasthenia gravis in the dog: pathy masquerading as lower extremity cellulitis and response to a case report and review of 13 additional cases. J Am Anim Hosp bisphosphonates. J Thorac Oncol. 2009; 4: 260–262 Assoc. 1992; 28: 62–69 [83] McKinlay AW: Nutritional support in patients with advanced can- [62] Klausner JS, Bell FW, Hayden DW et al.: Hypercalcemia in two cer: permission to fall out? Proc Nutr Soc. 2004; 63: 431–435 cats with squamous cell carcinomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; [84] Messinger JS, Windham WR, Ward CR: Ionized hypercalcemia in 196: 103–105 dogs: a retrospective study of 109 cases (1998–2003). J Vet Intern [63] Kleiter M, Hirt R, Kirtz G et al.: Hypercalcaemia associated with Med. 2009; 23: 514–519 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in a Giant Schnauzer. Aust Vet J. [85] Meuten DJ, Chew DJ, Capen CC et al.: Relationship of serum total 2001; 79: 335–338 calcium to albumin and total protein in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [64] Kozak KR, Milne GL, Morrow JD et al.: Hypertrophic osteoarthro- 1982; 180: 63–67 pathy pathogenesis: a case highlighting the potential role for cyclo- [86] Michel KE, Sorenmo K, Shofer FS: Evaluation of body condition oxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. and weight loss in dogs presented to a veterinary oncology service. 2006; 2: 452–456; quiz following 456 J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 692–695 [65] Krotje LJ, Fix AS, Potthoff AD: Acquired myasthenia gravis and [87] Miller WH: Cutaneous flushing associated with intrathoracic neo- cholangiocellular carcinoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; plasia in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1992; 28: 217–219 197: 488–490 [88] Milner RJ, Farese J, Henry CJ et al.: Bisphosphonates and cancer. J [66] Lainesse MF, Taylor SM, Myers SL et al.: Focal myasthenia gravis Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 597–604 as a paraneoplastic syndrome of canine thymoma: improvement [89] Moe L, Lium B: Hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinomas following thymectomy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: 111–117 and nodular dermatofibrosis in 51 German shepherd dogs. J Small [67] Langer CJ, Hoffman JP, Ottery FD: Clinical significance of weight Anim Pract. 1997; 38: 498–505 loss in cancer patients: rationale for the use of anabolic agents in [90] Moore AS, Madewell BR, Cardinet GH 3rd et al.: Osteogenic sar- the treatment of cancer-related cachexia. Nutrition. 2001; 17: S1– coma and myasthenia gravis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 20 197: 226–227 [68] Lappin MR, Latimer KS: Hematuria and extreme neutrophilic leu- [91] Mundy GR, Bertolini DR: Bone destruction and hypercalcemia in kocytosis in a dog with renal tubular carcinoma. J Am Vet Med plasma cell myeloma. Semin Oncol. 1986; 13: 291–299 Assoc. 1988; 192: 1289–1292 [92] Muscaritoli M, Bossola M, Bellantone R et al.: Therapy of muscle [69] Lee JC, Yamauchi H, Hopper J Jr.: The association of cancer and the wasting in cancer: what is the future? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab nephrotic syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1966; 64: 41–51 Care. 2004; 7: 459–466 [70] Leifer CE, Peterson ME, Matus RE et al.: Hypoglycemia associated [93] Nelson RW, Hager D, Zanjani ED: Renal lymphosarcoma with inap- with nonislet cell tumor in 13 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; propriate erythropoietin production in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 186: 53–55 1983; 182: 1396–1397 [71] Lingaas F, Comstock KE, Kirkness EF et al.: A mutation in the [94] Nishi Y, Yufu Y, Shinomiya S et al.: Polyneuropathy in acute mega- canine BHD gene is associated with hereditary multifocal renal cyst- karyoblastic leukemia. Cancer. 1991; 68: 2033–2036 adenocarcinoma and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German Shep- [95] Ogilvie GK, Ford RB, Vail DM et al.: Alterations in lipoprotein profi- herd dog. Hum Mol Genet. 2003; 12: 3043–3053 les in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 62–66 [72] Lium B, Moe L: Hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinomas [96] Ogilvie GK, Vail DM, Wheeler SL et al.: Effects of chemotherapy and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German shepherd dog: macros- and remission on carbohydrate metabolism in dogs with lym- copic and histopathologic changes. Vet Pathol. 1985; 22: 447–455 phoma. Cancer. 1992; 69: 233–238 [73] Lumachi F, Brunello A, Roma A et al.: Medical treatment of malig- [97] Ogilvie GK, Walters L, Salman MD et al.: Alterations in carbohyd- nancy-associated hypercalcemia. Curr Med Chem. 2008; 15: 415– rate metabolism in dogs with nonhematopoietic malignancies. Am J 421 Vet Res. 1997; 58: 277–281 [74] Lurye JC, Behrend EN: Endocrine tumors. Vet Clin North Am Small [98] Ogilvie GK, Walters LM, Salman MD et al.: Resting energy expen- Anim Pract. 2001; 31: 1083–1110, ix–x diture in dogs with nonhematopoietic malignancies before and [75] MacEwen EG, Hurvitz AI: Diagnosis and management of monoclo- after excision of tumors. Am J Vet Res. 1996; 57: 1463–1467 nal gammopathies. Vet Clin North Am. 1977; 7: 119–132 [99] Osborne CA, Perman V, Sautter JH et al.: Multiple myeloma in the [76] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI et al.: Nonsecretory multiple dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1968; 153: 1300–1319 myeloma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 1283–1286 [100] Page RL, Stiff ME, McEntee MC et al.: Transient glomerulonephro- [77] Madewell BR, Feldman BF: Characterization of anemias associated pathy associated with primary erythrocytosis in a dog. J Am Vet with neoplasia in small animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 176: Med Assoc. 1990; 196: 620–622 419–425 [101] Patel RT, Caceres A, French AF et al.: Multiple myeloma in 16 cats: [78] Madewell BR, Wilson DW, Hornof WJ et al.: Leukemoid blood a retrospective study. Vet Clin Pathol. 2005; 34: 341–352 response and bone infarcts in a dog with renal tubular adenocarcinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 1623–1625

[102] Peeters D, Clercx C, Thiry A et al.: Resolution of paraneoplastic [124] Stewart AF: Clinical practice. Hypercalcemia associated with can- leukocytosis and hypertrophic osteopathy after resection of a renal cer. N Engl J Med. 2005; 352: 373–379 transitional cell carcinoma producing granulocyte-macrophage [125] Stockhaus C, Kohn B, Giger U: Gerinnungsstörungen bei Hunden colony-stimulating factor in a young Bull Terrier. J Vet Intern Med. mit Neoplasien: Fallbeispiele und Literaturübersicht. Kleintierprax. 2001; 15: 407–411 1998; 43: 759–770 [103] Pelosof LC, Gerber DE: Paraneoplastic syndromes: an approach to [126] Strasser F, Bruera ED: Update on anorexia and cachexia. Hematol diagnosis and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010; 85: 838–854 Oncol Clin North Am. 2002; 16: 589–617 [104] Peterson ME, Zanjani ED: Inappropriate erythropoietin production [127] Tasker S, Griffon DJ, Nuttall TJ et al.: Resolution of paraneoplastic from a renal carcinoma in a dog with polycythemia. J Am Vet Med alopecia following surgical removal of a pancreatic carcinoma in a Assoc. 1981; 179: 995–996 cat. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 16–19 [105] Pressler BM, Rotstein DS, Law JM et al.: Hypercalcemia and high [128] Tepper LC, Spiegel IB, Davis GJ: Diagnosis of erythema multiforme parathyroid hormone-related protein concentration associated with associated with thymoma in a dog and treated with thymectomy. J malignant melanoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 221: Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2011 ; 47: e19–25 263–265, 240 [129] Tessitore L, Costelli P, Baccino FM: Humoral mediation for cache-

[106] Price GS, Page RL, Fischer BM et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of doxo- xia in tumour-bearing rats. Br J Cancer. 1993; 67: 15–23 Literaturverzeichnis rubicin/cyclophosphamide maintenance therapy in dogs with multi- [130] Thompson JP, Christopher MM, Ellison GW et al.: Paraneoplastic centric lymphosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1991; 5: 259–262 leukocytosis associated with a rectal adenomatous polyp in a dog. J [107] Ramaiah SK, Seguin MA, Carwile HF et al.: Biclonal gammopathy Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 737–738 associated with immunoglobulin A in a dog with multiple myeloma. [131] Tisdale MJ: Biology of cachexia. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997; 89: 1763– Vet Clin Pathol. 2002; 31: 83–89 1773 [108] Ridyard AE, Rhind SM, French AT et al.: Myasthenia gravis associa- [132] Tisdale MJ: Cancer cachexia: metabolic alterations and clinical ted with cutaneous lymphoma in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; manifestations. Nutrition. 1997; 13: 1–7 41: 348–351 [133] Tisdale MJ: Wasting in cancer. J Nutr. 1999; 129: 243S–246S [109] Rottenberg S, von Tscharner C, Roosje PJ: Thymoma-associated [134] Torres SM, Caywood DD, OʼBrien TD et al.: Resolution of super- exfoliative dermatitis in cats. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 429–433 ficial necrolytic dermatitis following excision of a glucagon-secreting [110] Rozanski EA, Callan MB, Hughes D et al.: Comparison of platelet pancreatic neoplasm in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: count recovery with use of vincristine and prednisone or prednisone 313–319 alone for treatment for severe immune-mediated thrombocytope- [135] Turek MM: Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes in dogs and cats: nia in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 220: 477–481 a review of the literature. Vet Dermatol. 2003; 14: 279–296 [111] Rusbridge C, White RN, Elwood CM et al.: Treatment of acquired [136] Uehlinger P, Glaus T, Hauser B et al.: Differenzialdiagnose der myasthenia gravis associated with thymoma in two dogs. J Small Hyperkalzämie – eine retrospektive Studie über 46 Hunde. Schweiz Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 376–380 Arch Tierheilkd. 1998; 140: 188–197 [112] Sanpera N, Masot N, Janer M et al.: Oestrogen-induced bone mar- [137] Vail DM, Ogilvie GK, Wheeler SL et al.: Alterations in carbohydrate row aplasia in a dog with a Sertoli cell tumour. J Small Anim Pract. metabolism in canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 8–11 2002; 43: 365–369 [138] Van Ham L, Braund KG, Roels S et al.: Treatment of a dog with an [113] Santarpia L, Koch CA, Sarlis NJ: Hypercalcemia in cancer patients: insulinoma-related peripheral polyneuropathy with corticosteroids. pathobiology and management. Horm Metab Res. 2010; 42:153– Vet Rec. 1997; 141: 98–100 164 [139] Villiers E, Dobson J: Multiple myeloma with associated polyneuro- [114] Saper CB, Breder CD: The neurologic basis of fever. N Engl J Med. pathy in a German shepherd dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1998; 39: 1994; 330: 1880–1886 249–251 [115] Savary KC, Price GS, Vaden SL: Hypercalcemia in cats: a retrospec- [140] Wagner H: Untersuchungen zur paraneoplastischen Polyneuropa- tive study of 71 cases (1991–1997). J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: thie des Hundes. Diss med vet. Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, 184–189 2002 [116] Schrauwen E: Clinical peripheral polyneuropathy associated with [141] Waterhouse DM, Natale RB, Cody RL: Breast cancer and paraneo- canine insulinoma. Vet Rec. 1991; 128: 211–212 plastic cerebellar degeneration. Cancer. 1991; 68: 1835–1841 [117] Sellon RK, Rottman JB, Jordan HL et al.: Hypereosinophilia associa- [142] Willard MD, Krehbiel JD, Schmidt GM: Serum and urine protein ted with transitional cell carcinoma in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. abnormalities associated with lymphocytic leukemia and glomeru- 1992; 201: 591–593 lonephritis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 381–386 [118] Sharkey LC, Rosol TJ, Grone A et al.: Production of granulocyte [143] Williams LE, Gliatto JM, Dodge RK et al.: Carcinoma of the apoc- colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-sti- rine glands of the anal sac in dogs: 113 cases (1985–1995). J Am mulating factor by carcinomas in a dog and a cat with paraneoplas- Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 223: 825–831 tic leukocytosis. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 405–408 [144] Zapf J: Role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) II and IGF binding [119] Sheafor SE, Gamblin RM, Couto CG: Hypercalcemia in two cats proteins in extrapancreatic tumour hypoglycaemia. J Intern Med. with multiple myeloma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: 503–508 1993; 234: 543–552 [120] Shelton GD, Willard MD, Cardinet GH 3rd et al.: Acquired myas- [145] Zitz JC, Birchard SJ, Couto GC et al.: Results of excision of thy- thenia gravis. Selective involvement of esophageal, pharyngeal, and moma in cats and dogs: 20 cases (1984–2005). J Am Vet Med facial muscles. J Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 281–284 Assoc. 2008; 232: 1186–1192 [121] Sierko E, Wojtukiewicz MZ: Platelets and angiogenesis in malignancy. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2004; 30: 95–108 [122] Singh A, Boston SE, Poma R: Thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis with post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis in a cat. Can Vet J. 2010; 51:757–760 [123] Slappendel RJ: Disseminated intravascular coagulation. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1988; 18: 169–184

aus: Kessler, Kleintieronkologie (ISBN 9783830411376) © 2013 Enke Verlag Literaturverzeichnis 14 5 Problemorientierte Diagnostik [22] Sellon RK, Rottman JB, Jordan HL et al.: Hypereosinophilia associated with transitional cell carcinoma in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 5.1 Untersuchung von Patienten mit neoplastischen 1992; 201: 591–593 Erkrankungen [23] Selvarajah GT, Kirpensteijn J: Prognostic and predictive biomarkers of canine osteosarcoma. Vet J. 2010; 185: 28–35 [1] Animal Health Survey. In: Companion Animal News, Morris Animal [24] Sharkey LC, Rosol TJ, Grone A et al.: Production of granulocyte Foundation, Englewood, Colorado, 1998 und 2005 colony-stimulation factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-sti- [2] Atlee BA, DeBoer DJ, Ihrke PJ et al.: Nodular dermatofibrosis in mulation factor by carcinomas in a dog and a cat with paraneoplas- German Shepherd dogs as a marker for renal cystadenocarcinoma. tic leukocytosis. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 405–408 J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: 481–487 [25] Sorenmo KU, Goldschmidt M, Schofer F et al.: Immunohistoche- [3] Barrs VR, Beatty JA, McCandlish IA et al.: Hypereosinophilic para- mical characterization of canine prostatic carcinoma and correlation neoplastic syndrome in a cat with intestinal T cell lymphosarcoma. J with castration status and castration time. Vet Comp Oncol. 2003; – Small Anim Prac. 2002; 43: 401 405 1: 48–56 [4] Bauer N, Moritz A: Evaluation of the Cardiac reader as a point-of- [26] Strombeck DR: Clinicopathologic features of primary and metasta- care-instrument for Measurement of fibrin D-dimers in dogs. Tier- tic neoplastic disease of the liver in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – ärztl Prax (K). 2009; 5: 319 325 1978; 173: 267–269 [5] Capbell KL: Diagnosis and management of polycythemia in dogs. [27] Teske E, Naan BC, van Dijk EM et al.: Canine prostate carcinoma: – – Compend Contin Educ Small Anim Pract. 1990; 12: 543 546, 548 epidemiological evidence of an increased risk in castrated dogs. Mol 50 Cell Endocrinol. 2002; 197: 251–255 [6] Coenen T: Untersuchungen zur Häufigkeit und klinischem Erschei- [28] Teske E, van Straten G, van Noort R et al.: Chemotherapy with nungsbild des histiozytären Sarkoms beim Berner Sennenhund cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (COP) in cats with unter besonderer Berücksichtigung zytologischer Knochenmark- malignant lymphoma: new results with an old protocol. J Vet Intern analysen, ISBN:3-8359-5569-1 Diss med vet, JLU Giessen, 2009 Med. 2002; 16: 179–186 [7] Fry MM, Liggett JL, Baek SJ: Molecular cloning and expression of [29] Uehlinger P, Glaus T, Hauser B et al.: Differentialdiagnosen für – canine hepcidin. Vet Clin Path. 2004; 33: 223 227 Hyperkalzämie – eine retrospektive Studie von 46 Hunden. Schweiz [8] Geisenberger M: Erhebungen über das Vorkommen bösartiger Arch Tierheilkd. 1998; 140: 188–197 Tumoren bei Hunden anhand der Sektionsstatistik des Instituts für [30] Willson JE, Brown DE: Leukemoid reaction resembling myeloge- Tierpathologie München. Diss med vet, München, 1990 nous leukaemia in a dog. Failure of the leukocyte alkaline phospha- [9] Giraudel JM, Pages JP, Guelfi JF: Monoclonal gammopathies in the tase test to aid in the differential diagnosis. Cornell Vet. 1965; 55: dog: a retrospective study of 18 cases (1986-1999) and literature 55–63 – review. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 135 147 [31] Zapf J: Role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) II and IGF binding [10] Grindem CB, Breitschwerdt EB, Corbett WT et al.: Thrombocyto- proteins in extrapancreatic tumour hypoglycaemia. J Intern Med. penia associated with neoplasia in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 1993; 234: 543–552 400–405 [11] Hammer AS: Thrombocytosis in dogs and cats: a retrospective 5.2 Stadieneinteilung von Tumorerkrankungen study. Comp Haematol Intern. 1991; 1: 181–186 [1] Belleannée G: [The TNM system: only 3 letters for a rich but some- [12] Hogan DF, Dhalival RS, Sisson DD et al.: Paraneoplastic thrombo- times ambiguous language]. Ann Pathol. 2006; 26: 435–44; quiz cytosis-induced systemic thromboembolism in a cat. J Am Anim 418 Hosp Assoc. 1999; 35: 483–486 [2] Denoix PF: Bull Inst Nat Hyg. (Paris) 1944; 1: 1–69 und 5: 52–82.3. [13] Kristensen AT, Wiinberg B, Jessen LR et al.: Evaluation of human recombinant tissue factor-activated thromboelastograhy in 49 dogs [3] Epstein RJ: TNM: therapeutically not mandatory. Eur J Cancer. – with neoplasia. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 140–147 2009; 45: 1111 1116 [14] Louwerens M, London CA, Pedersen NC et al.: Feline lymphoma [4] Ferreira E, Bertagnolli AC, Cavalcanti MF et al.: The relationship in the post-feline leukemia virus era. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: between tumour size and expression of prognostic markers in 329–335 benign and malignant canine mammary tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 230–235 [15] Madewell B, Feldman BF: Characterization of anemias associatied – with neoplasia in small animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 176: [5] Gönen M, Weiser MR: Whither TNM? Semin Oncol. 2010; 37: 27 419–425 30 [16] Maruyama H, Miura T, Sakai M et al.: The incidence of dissemina- [6] Greene FL, Sobin LH: The staging of cancer: a retrospective and – ted intravascular coagulation in dogs with malignant tumor. J Vet prospective appraisal. CA Cancer J Clin. 2008; 58: 180 190 Med Sci. 2004; 66: 573–575 [7] Kurzman ID, Gilbertson SR: Prognostic factors in canine mammary – [17] Mc Connell MF, Lumsden JH: Biochemical evaluation of metastatic tumors. Semin Vet Med Surg. 1986; 1: 25 32 liver disease in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 173–178 [8] López-Encuentra A, López-Ríos F, Conde E et al. : Composite ana- [18] McNiel EA, Ogilvie GK, Fettman MJ et al.: Platelet hyperfunction tomical-clinical-molecular prognostic model in non-small cell lung – in dogs with malignancies. J Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 178–182 cancer. Eur Respir J. 2011; 37: 136 142 [19] Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Murphy S et al.: Myeloma-related disorders [9] MacEwen EG, Hayes AA, Harvey HJ et al.: Prognostic factors for – in cats commonly present as extramedullary neoplasms in contrast feline mammary tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 185: 201 204 to myeloma in human patients: 24 cases with clinical follow-up. J [10] Ortmann U: Die Hauttumoren der Katze unter besonderer Berück- Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1376–1383 sichtigung der Fibrosarkome. Diss med vet, München, 1986 [20] Miller AG, Morley PS, Rao S et al.: Anemia is associated with [11] Owen LN: World Health Organisation TNM Classification of tumors decreased survival time in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. in domestic animals. Genf, 1980 2009; 23: 116–122 [12] Patnaik AK, Ehler WN, MacEwen EG: Canine cutaneous mast cell [21] Savary KC, Price GS, Vaden SL: Hypercalcemia in cats: a retrospec- tumor: Morphologic grading and survival time in 83 dogs. Vet tive study of 71 cases 1991-1997). J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 184– Pathol. 1984; 21: 469–474 189

[13] Quirke P, Cuvelier C, Ensari A et al.: Evidence-based medicine: the [15] Buchholz J, Hagen R, Leo C et al.: 3D conformal radiation therapy time has come to set standards for staging. J Pathol. 2010; 221: for palliative treatment of canine nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultra- 357–360 sound. 2009; 50: 679–683 [14] Thiel W: Mastzelltumoren beim Hund – Auswertung pathologisch- [16] Burch S, London C, Seguin B et al.: Treatment of canine osseous histologischer Untersuchungsbefunde der Jahre 1980–1986 mit tumors with photodynamic therapy: a pilot study. Clin Orthop Relat Hinweis auf die TNM-Klassifizierung von Tumoren bei Haustieren. Res. 2009; 467: 1028–1034 Kleintierprax. 1990; 35: 401–404. [17] Cherubini GB, Mantis P, Martinez TA et al.: Utility of magnetic [15] von Dewitz M: Zum Metastasierungsmuster einiger häufig auftre- resonance imaging for distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplas- tender maligner Geschwülste des Hundes. Diss med vet, München, tic brain lesions in dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 1987 384–387 [16] Wittekind Ch, Meyer HJ (Hrsg): TNM-Klassifikation maligner [18] Cipone M, Diana A, Gandini G et al.: Use of computed tomogra- Tumoren. 7. Aufl. Wiley, Weinheim, 2010 phy in thoracic diseases of small animals. Vet Res Commun. 2003; [17] Wittekind C, Oberschmid B: TNM-Klassifikation maligner Tumoren 27 (Suppl. 1): 381–384 2010. Allgemeine Aspekte und Änderungen im allgemeinen Teil. [19] Cooley DM, Waters DJ: Skeletal metastasis as the initial clinical – –

Pathologe. 2010; 31: 333 334, 336 338 manifestation of metastatic carcinoma in 19 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. Literaturverzeichnis 1998; 12: 288–293 [20] da Costa RC, Parent JM, Dobson H et al.: Ultrasound-guided fine 6 Bildgebende Verfahren in der Onkologie needle aspiration in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in 4 dogs. Can Vet J. 2008, 49: 77–81 [1] Adams WM, Kleiter MM, Thrall DE et al.: Prognostic significance [21] Davies GJ, Kapatkin AS, Craig LE et al.: Comparison of radiogra- of tumor histology and computed tomographic staging for radia- phy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for tion treatment response of canine nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultra- evaluation of appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med sound. 2009; 50: 330–335 Assoc. 2002; 220: 1171–1176 [2] Allemann K, Wyss M, Wergin M et al.: Positron emission tomo- [22] Diederich S: Lungenmetastasen. In: Freyschmidt J, Galanski M graphy: diagnostic imaging on a molecular level. Schweiz Arch Tier- (Hrsg). Handbuch diagnostische Radiologie: Thorax. Springer Berlin heilkd. 2004; 146: 359–364 Heidelberg New York. 2003, 341–344 [3] Ballegeer EA, Adams WM, Dubielzig RR et al.: Computed tomo- [23] Djupsjöbacka A, Eksell P: Frequency of radiographically detected graphy characteristics of canine tracheobronchial lymph node pulmonary metastases in bitches with mammary gland neoplasia. metastasis. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 397–403 Europ J Comp Anim Pract. 2003; 13: 149–156 [4] Ballegeer EA, Forrest LA, Dickinson RM et al.: Correlation of ultra- [24] Drees R, Forrest LJ, Chappell R: Comparison of computed tomo- sonographic appearance of lesions and cytology and histologic graphy and magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of diagnosis in splenic aspirates from dogs and cats: 32 cases (2002– canine intranasal neoplasia. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 334–340 2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 690–696 [25] Espino L, Suarez M, Santamarina G et al.: First report of the simul- [5] Ballegeer EA, Forrest LA, Jeraj R et al.: PET/CT following intensity- taneous occurrence of choroid plexus papilloma and meningioma modulated radiation therapy for primary lung tumor in a dog. Vet in a dog. Acta Vet Hung. 2009, 57: 389–397 Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 228–233 [26] Fife WD, Sami VF, Drost WT et al.: Comparison between malig- [6] Barberet V, Baeumlin Y, Taeymans O et al.: Pre- and posttreat- nant and nonmalignant splenic masses in dogs using contrast- ment ultrasonography of the thyroid gland in hyperthyroid cats. Vet enhanced computed tomography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 324–330 289–297 [7] Barr F: Percutaneous biopsy of abdominal organs under ultrasound [27] Feeney DA, Anderson KL: Nuclear imaging and radiation therapy in guidance. J Small Anim Pract. 1995; 36: 105–113 canine and feline thyroid disease. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim [8] Barthez PY, Hornof WJ, Théon AP et al.: Receiver operating cha- Pract. 2007; 37: 799–821 racteristic curve analysis of the performance of various radiographic [28] Feeney DA, Anderson KL, Ziegler LE et al.: Statistical relevance of protocols when screening dogs for pulmonary metastases. J Am Vet ultrasonographic criteria in the assessment of diffuse liver disease in Med Assoc. 1994; 204: 237–240 dogs and cats. Am J Vet Res. 2008; 69: 212–221 [9] Baumann D, Hauser B, Hubler M et al.: Signs of metastatic disease [29] Forrest LJ: Diagnostic Imaging in Oncology. In: Withrow SJ, Vail DM on thoracic radiographs of dogs suffering from mammary gland (Hrsg): Small animal clinical oncology. Saunders, Elsevier, St. Louis. tumors: a retrospective study (1990–1998). Schweiz Arch Tier- 4. Aufl., 2007, 97–111 heilkd. 2004; 146: 431–435 [30] Forrest LJ, Dodge RK, Page RL et al.: Relationship between quanti- [10] Benigni L, Corr SA, Lamb CR: Ultrasonographic assessment of the tative tumor scintigraphy and time to metastasis in dogs with canine sciatic nerve. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 428–433 osteosarcoma. J Nucl Med. 1992; 33: 1542–1547 [11] Boroffka SA, Verbruggen AM, Grinwis GC et al.: Assessment of [31] Forrest LJ, Graybush CA: Radiographic patterns of pulmonary ultrasonography and computed tomography for the evaluation of metastasis in 25 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 4–8 unilateral orbital disease in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: [32] Fuchs C, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Wohlsein P et al.: Computertomo- 671–680 graphische Charakteristika primärer Gehirntumoren von Hund und [12] Both C: Nierenfunktionsszintigraphische Untersuchungen und Clea- Katze. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003; 116: 436–442 rance-Messungen mit 99mTc-Mercaptoacetyltriglycin (MAG3) bei [33] Gäbler K, Flegel T, Köhler C et al.: Röntgenologische Darstellung Hund und Katze. Vet Med Diss. München, 1996 entzündlicher und neoplastischer Veränderungen der Wirbelsäule [13] Broome MR: Thyroid scintigraphy in hyperthyroidism. Clin Tech bei Hund und Katze. Tierärztl Prax (K). 2011; 39: 51–59 Small Anim Pract. 2006; 21: 10–16 [34] Galán A, Guil-Luna S, Millán Y et al.: Oligodendroglial Gliomatosis [14] Buchholz J: Computerised 3-D treatment planning using MRI-CT cerebri in a Poodle. Vet Comp Onc. 2010; 8: 254–262 fusion with regard to planning target volumes of brain tumor [35] Gavin PR, Holmes SP: Orthopedic. In: Gavin PR, Bagley RS (Hrsg.): patients. Proc. Ann meeting EVDI, Giessen, 2010, 28 Practical small animal MRI. Blackwell Scientific Publ, Oxford , 2009, 233–372

[36] Geyer NE, Reichle JK, Valdés-Martinez J et al.: Radiographic [57] Huber D: Thorax examination by computed tomography: general appearance of confirmed pulmonary lymphoma in cats and dogs. aspects and presentation of clinical cases. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 386–390 2005; 147: 546–548, 551–553 [37] Gibbs C, Denny HR, Kelly DF: The radiological features of osteosar- [58] Iseri T, Yamada K, Chijiwa K et al.: Dynamic computed tomogra- coma of the appendicular skeleton in dogs: a review of 74 cases. J phy of the pancreas in normal dogs and in a dog with pancreatic Small Anim Pract. 1984; 25: 177–192 insulinoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 328–331 [38] Giroux A, Jones JC, Bøhn JH et al.: A new device for stereotactic [59] Jager PL, Plaat BEC, de Vries EGE et al.: Imaging of soft-tissue CT-guided biopsy of the canine brain: design, construction, and tumors using L-3(Iodine-123)Iodo-α-methyl-tyrosine single photon needle placement accuracy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 229– emission computed tomography: comparison with proliferative and 236 mitotic activity, cellularity, and vascularity. Clin Cancer Res. 2000; 6: [39] Guillot M, D’Anjou MA, Alexander K et al.: Can sonographic fin- 2252–2259 dings predict the results of liver aspirates in dogs with suspected [60] Jeong Y, Lim C, Oh S et al.: Three-dimensional CT angiography of liver disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 513–518 the canine hepatic vasculature. J Vet Sci. 2008; 9: 407–413 [40] Gutierrez-Quintana R, Gunn-Moore DA, Lamm CG et al.: Feline [61] Joly H, D’Anjou MA, Alexander K et al.: Comparison of single-slice intracranial meningioma with skull erosion and tumour extension computed tomography protocols for detection of pulmonary nodu- into an area of skull hyperostosis J Fel Med Surg. 2011; 13: 296–299 les in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 279–284 [41] Haers H, Saunders JH: Review of clinical characteristics and appli- [62] Kanemoto H, Ohno K, Nakkshima K et al.: Characterization of cations of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in dogs. J Am Vet canine focal liver lesions with contrast-enhanced ultrasound using a Med Assoc. 2009; 34: 460–470 novel contrast agent – Sonazoid. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009, 50: [42] Hammer AS, Bailey MQ, Sagartz JE: Retrospective assessment of 188–194 thoracic radiographic findings in metastatic canine hemangiosar- [63] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell M, von Bomhard D et al.: Das Osteosar- coma. Vet Radiol. 1993; 34: 235–238 kom der Katze: epidemiologische, klinische und röntgenologische [43] Hanson JA, Papageorges M, Girard E et al.: Ultrasonographic Befunde bei 78 Tieren (1990–1995). Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 275– appearance of splenic disease in 101 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 283 2001; 42: 441–445 [64] Kiefer I, Bosch B, Haarstrick C et al.: Leberdiagnostik mit Ultra- [44] Harvey AM, Hibbert A, Barrett EL et al.: Scintigraphic findings in schall – aktueller Stand. Tierärztl Prax. 2010; 38(K): 254–261 120 hyperthyroid cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 96–106 [65] Kiefer I, Hause A, Oechtering GU et al.: Hepatische Transitzeit des [45] Hatanaka K, Masatoshi K, Yasunori M et al.: Sonazoid-enhanced Signalverstärkers Sonovue beim Hund. 31. Dreiländertreffen ultrasonography for diagnosis of hepatic malignancies: comparison DEGUM, ÖGUM, SGUM,19th Euroson Congress of EFSUMB: Ultra- with contrast-enhanced CT. Oncology. 2008; 75 (Suppl. 1): 42–47 schall in der Medizin, Leipzig, 2007, 63–63 [46] Hathcock JT, Newton JC: Computed tomographic characteristics [66] Kinns J, Mai W: Association between malignancy and sonographic of multilobular tumor of bone involving the cranium in 7 dogs and heterogeneity in canine and feline abdominal lymph nodes. Vet zygomatic arch in 2 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 214– Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 565–569 217 [67] Kishimoto M, Yamada K, Seok J-S et al.: Analysis of blood flow in [47] Hecht S, Adams WH: MRI of brain disease in veterinary patients a third ventricular ependymoma and an olfactory bulb meningioma part 1: Basic principles and congenital brain disorders. Vet Clin by using perfusion computed tomography. J Vet Med Sci. 2008, 70: North Am Small Anim Pract. 2010; 40: 21–38 981–983 [48] Hecht S, Adams WH: MRI of brain disease in veterinary patients [68] Kraft SL: Cancer imaging. In: Gavin PR, Bagley RS (Hrsg.): Practical part 2: Acquired brain disorders. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim small animal MRI. Blackwell Scientific Publ, Oxford, 2009, 333–356 Pract. 2010; 40: 39–63 [69] Kraft S, Erhardt EJ, Gall D et al.: Magnetic resonance imaging cha- [49] Hecht S, Penninck DG, Keating JH: Imaging findings in pancreatic racteristics of peripheral nerve sheath tumors of the canine brachial neoplasia and nodular hyperplasia in 19 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. plexus in 18 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 1–7 2007; 48: 45–50 [70] Kück G, Brinker T, Hewicker-Trautwein M et al.: Diagnostik und [50] Hedlund CS:. Mammary neoplasia. In: Fossum TW (Hrsg.): Small chirurgische Therapie eines Oligodendroglioms bei einem Hund. animal surgery. Mosby Elsevier, St. Louis, 2007, 729–735 Tierärzt Prax (K). 2005, 33: 32–36 [51] Henninger W: Use of computed tomography in the diseased feline [71] Larson SM: Molecular imaging in oncology: the diagnostic imaging thorax. J Small Anim Pract. 2003, 44: 56–64 “revolution”. Clin Cancer Res. 2000; 6: 2125 [52] Henninger W, Pavlicek M: Konventionelle CT-Untersuchungspro- [72] Lamb CR: The principles and practice of bone scintigraphy in small tokolle, erstellt nach Regionen, für den optimalen Kontrastmittel- animals. Sem Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1991; 6: 140–153 einsatz beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 2001, 46: 685–698 [73] Lamb CR, Grierson J: Ultrasonographic appearance of primary gast- [53] Heyman SJ, Diefenderfer DL, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Canine axial ric neoplasia in 21 dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 211–215 skeletal osteosarcoma. A retrospective study of 116 cases (1986 to [74] Lang J, Wortman JA, Glickman LT et al.: Sensitivity of radiographic 1989). Vet Surg. 1992; 21: 304–310 detection of lung metastases in the dog. Vet Radiol. 1986; 27: 74– [54] Hodge SC, Degner D, Walshaw R et al.: Vascularized ulnar bone 78 grafts for limb-sparing surgery for the treatment of distal radial [75] Lass P, Krzeminski M, Teodorczyk J: (99m)Tc-MDP uptake in soft- osteosarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2011; 47: 98–111 tissue osteosarcoma in a dog. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 2004; 7: [55] Hoh CK, Dahlbom M, Hawkins RA et al.: Basic principals of posit- 189 ron emission tomography in oncology: quantitation and whole [76] Lawrence J, Rohren E, Provenzale J: PET/CT today and tomorrow body techniques. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1994; 106: 496–504 in veterinary cancer diagnosis and monitoring: fundamentals, early [56] Holt D, Van Winkle T, Schelling C et al.: Correlation between tho- results and future perspectives. Vet Comp Onc. 2010; 8: 163–187 racic radiographs and postmortem findings in dogs with hemangio- [77] Lawrence J, Vanderhoek M, Barbee D et al.: Use of 3’Deoxy-3’- sarcoma: 77 cases (1984–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: (18F)Fluorothymidine PET/CT for evaluating response to cytotoxic 1535–1539 chemotherapy in dogs with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 660–668

[78] LeBlanc AK, Daniel GB: Advanced imaging for veterinary cancer [100] Nyman HT, OʼBrien RT: The sonographic evaluation of lymph patients. Vet Clin Noth Am Small Anim Pract. 2007; 37: 1059–1077 nodes. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2007; 22: 128–137 [79] LeBlanc AK, Jakoby BW, Townsend DW et al.: (18FDG)-PET ima- [101] Ober CP, Barber D: Comparison of two- vs. three thoracic radiogra- ging in canine lymphoma and cutaneous mast cell tumor. Vet phic studies on conspicuity of structured interstitial patterns in Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 215–223 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 542–545 [80] Lee AR, Lee MS, Jung IS et al.: Imaging diagnosis – FDG-PET/CT of [102] OʼBrien RT: Ultrasound contrast media in tumor imaging. EVDI a canine splenic plasma cell tumor. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: annual scientific conference, Giessen, 2010 145–147 [103] Ohlert S, Scharf G: Computed tomography in small animals – basic [81] Léveillé R, Partington BP, Biller DS et al.: Complications after principles and state of the art applications. Vet J. 2007; 173: 254– ultrasound-guided biopsy of abdominal structures in dogs and cats: 271 246 cases (1984–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 413–415 [104] Olfsen T, Betting D, Kenanova VE et al.: Recombinant anti-CD20 [82] Ludewig E, Aupperle H, Gäbler K et al.: Knochentumore aus Sicht antibody fragments for microPET imaging of B-cell lymphoma. J der Radiologen. 4. Leipziger Tierärztekongress, Leipzig, 2008, 245– Nucl Med. 2009; 50: 1500–1508 249 [105] Otoni CC, Rahal SC, Vulcano LC et al.: Survey radiography and

[83] MacLeod AG, Dickinson PJ, LeCouteur RA et al.: Quantitative computerizedtomography imaging of the thorax in female dogs Literaturverzeichnis assessment of blood volume and permeability in cerebral mass with mammary tumors. Acta Vet Scand. 2010; 52: 20–29 lesions using dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography in [106] Paoloni MC, Adams WM, Dubielzig RR et al.: Comparison of the dog. Acad Radiol. 2009; 16: 1187–1195 results of computed tomography and radiography with histopatho- [84] Mandara MT, Rossi F, Lepri E et al.: Cerebellar leptomeningeal car- logic findings in tracheobronchial lymph nodes in dogs with primary cinomatosis in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 504–507 lung tumors: 14 cases (1999–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006, [85] Marolf AJ, Gibbson DS, Podell BK et al.: Computed tomographic 228: 1718–1722 appearance of primary lung tumors in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. [107] Park RD, Beck ER, LeCouteur RA: Comparison of computed tomo- 2011; 52: 168–172 graphy and radiography for detecting changes induced by malig- [86] Mercier M, Heller HL, Bischoff MG et al.: Imaging diagnosis – nant nasal neoplasia in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992, 201: hyperostosis associated with meningioma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultra- 1720–1724 sound. 2007; 48: 421–423 [108] Penninck DG, Daniel GB, Brawer R et al.: Cross-sectional imaging [87] Mertens D, Löwe G: Computertomographische und klinische techniques in veterinary ophthalmology. Clin Tech Small Anim Befunde von zwei Hunden und zwei Katzen mit intrakraniellen Pract. 2001; 16: 22–39 Neoplasien. Kleintierprax. 2002; 47: 659–671 [109] Penninck DG, Moore AS, Gliatto L: Ultrasonography of canine [88] Miao Z, Ren G, Liu H et al.: Small-animal PET imaging of human gastric epithelial neoplasia. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 342– epidermal growth factor receptor positive tumor with a (64)Cu 348 labeled affibody protein. Bioconjug Chem. 2010; 21: 947–954 [110] Peterson ME, Becker DV: Radionuclide thyroid imaging in 135 cats [89] Miles K: Imaging abdominal masses. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim with hyperthyroidism. Vet Radiol. 1984; 25: 23–27 Pract. 1997; 27: 1403–1431 [111] Pollard RE, Reilly CM, Uerling MR et al.: Cross-sectional imaging [90] Miles KG, Lattimer JC, Jergens AE et al.: A retrospective evaluation characteristics of pituitary adenomas, invasive adenomas and ade- of the radiographic evidence of pulmonary metastatic disease on nocarcinomas in dogs: 33 cases (1988–2006).J Vet Int Med. 2010; initial presentation in the dog. Vet Radiol. 1990; 31: 79–82 24: 160–165 [91] Moe L, Lium B: Computed tomography of hereditary multifocal [112] Prater AB, Berry CR, Thrall DE: Use of radiography in combination renal cystadenocarcinomas in German shepherd dogs. Vet Radiol with computed tomography for the assessment of noncardiac tho- Ultrasound. 1997; 38: 335–343 racic disease in the dog and cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 114–121 [92] Moissonnier P, Blot S, Devauchelle P et al.: Stereotactic CT-guided brain biopsy in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2002, 43: 115–123 [113] Prescott DM, Charles HC, Sostman HD et al.: Therapy monitoring in human and canine soft tissue sarcomas using magnet resonance [93] Nakamura K, Sasaki N, Yoshikawa M et al.: Quantitative contrast- imaging and spectroscopy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1994; 15: enhanced ultrasonography of canine spleen. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 415–423 2009; 50: 104–108 [114] Reichle JK, Wisner ER: Non-cardiac thoracic ultrasound in 75 feline [94] Nakamura K, Takagi S, Sasaki N et al.: Contrast-enhanced ultra- and canine patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 154–162 sonography for characterization of canine focal liver lesions. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 79–85 [115] Rudich SR, Feeney DA, Anderson KL et al.: Computed tomography of masses of the brachial plexus and contributing nerve roots in [95] Nemanic S, London CA Wiesner ER: Comparison of thoracic radio- dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 46–50 graphs and single breath-hold helical CT for detection of pulmonary nodules in dogs with metastatic neoplasia. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; [116] Saito M, Ono S, Kayanuma H et al.: Evaluation of the susceptibility 20: 508–515 artifacts and tissue injury caused by implanted microchips in dogs on 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging. J Vet Med Sci. 2010; 72: [96] Nitzl D: Lungenröntgen – Technik, Anatomie und Lungenmuster. 575–581 Kleintierprax. 2009; 54: 101–115 [117] Samii VF, Nyland TG, Werner LL et al.: Ultrasound-guided fine- [97] Nitzl D, Ohlerth S, Müller-Schwandt F et al.: Dynamic computed needle aspiration biopsy of bone lesions: a preliminary report. Vet tomography to measure tissue perfusion in spontaneous canine Radiol Ultrasound. 1999; 40: 82–86 tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 347–352 [118] Sato AF, Solano M: Ultrasound findings in abdominal mast cell [98] Nyland TG, Wallack ST, Wisner ER: Needle–tract implantation fol- disease: a retrospective study of 19 patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. lowing us-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of transitional cell 2004; 45: 51–57 carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, and prostate. Vet Radiol Ultra- sound. 2002; 43: 50–53 [119] Scheidler J, Hricak H, Vigneron DB et al.: Prostate cancer: localization with three-dimensional proton MR spectroscopic imaging-clini- [99] Nyman HT, Kristensen AT, Flagstad A et al.: A review of the sono- copathologic study. Radiology. 1999; 213: 473–480 graphic assessment of tumor metastases in liver and superficial lymph nodes. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 438–448

[120] Scherrer W, Kyles A, Samii V et al.: Computed tomographic [141] Vignoli M, Ohlert S, Rossi F et al.: Computed tomography-guided assessment of vascular invasion and resectability of mediastinal fine-needle aspiration and tissue-core biopsy of bone lesions in masses in dogs and a cat. N Z Vet J. 2008; 56: 330–333 small animals. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 125–130 [121] Schicha H: Szintigraphische Untersuchungen. In: Schicha H, Scho- [142] Vignoli M, Rossi F, Chierici C et al.: Needle tract implantation after ber O (Hrsg.) Nuclearmedizin- Basiswissen und klinische Anwen- fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of transitional cell carcinoma dung, Schattauer, Stuttgart 2007, 83–96 of the urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Schweiz [122] Schmidt J: Volumetrie von Pleuraergüssen mittels Sonographie und Arch Tierheilkd. 2007; 149: 314–318 Computertomographie. Vet Med Diss, Berlin, 2007 [143] Wallack ST, Wisner ER, Werner JA et al.: Accuracy of magnetic [123] Schuller S, Fredericksen M, Schröder H et al.: Computertomogra- resonance imaging for estimating intramedullary osteosarcoma phische Differenzierung von intrathorakalen Neoplasien und Ent- extent in pre-operative planning of canine limb-salvage procedures. zündungen beim Hund. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2005; Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 432–441 118: 76–84 [144] Walter PA, Haynes JS, Feeney DA et al.: Radiographic appearance [124] Schultz RM, Wisner ER, Johnson EG et al.: Contrast-enhanced of pulmonary metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the computed tomography as a preoperative indicator of vascular inva- bladder and urethra of the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 185: sion from adrenal masses in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 411–418 625–629 [145] Waters DJ, Coakley FV, Cohen MD et al.: The detection of pulmo- [125] Seyrek-Intas D, Peppler C, Marek N et al.: Ultraschalldiagnostik nary metastases by helical CT: a clinicopathologic study in dogs. J von Darmwandveränderungen bei der Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2008; Comput Assist Tomogr. 1998, 22: 235–240 36(K): 185–190 [146] Weissleder R, Mahmood U: Molecular imaging. Radiology. 2001; [126] Simpson DJ, Hunt GB, Tisdall PLC et al.: Surgical removal of an 219: 316–333 ependymoma from the third ventricle of a cat. Aust Vet J. 1999; 77: [147] Wisner ER, Dickinson PJ, Higgins RJ: Magnestic resonance ima- 645–648 ging features of canine intracranial neoplasia. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. [127] Stünzi H: Metastasierende Schilddrüsen-Karzinome des Hundes. 2011; 52 (Suppl. 1): 52–61 Svensk Veterinärtidskrift. 1947; 37: 453–482 [148] Winter MD, Kinney LM, Kleine LJ: Three-dimensional helical com- [128] Sueda MT, Stefanacci JD: Ultrasound evaluation of the parathyroid puted tomographic angiography of the liver in five dogs. Vet Radiol glands in two hypercalcemic cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 494–499 448–451 [149] Withrow SJ: Osteosarcoma. Vet Q. 1998; 20 (Suppl. 1): 19–21 [129] Sundaresan G, Yazaki PJ, Shively JE et al.: 124I-labeled engineered [150] Withrow SJ: Tumors of the respiratory system. In: Withrow SJ, Vail anti-CEA minibodies and diabodies allow high-contrast, antigen- DM (Hrsg.). Small animal clinical oncology. 4. Aufl., Saunders Else- specific small-animal PET imaging of xenografts in athymic mice. J vier, St. Louis; 2007; 511–525 Nucl Med. 2003; 44: 1962–1969 [151] Wolf M, Pedroia V, Higgins RJ et al.: Intracranial ring enhancing [130] Suter PF, Carrig CB, OʼBrien TR et al.: Radiographic recognition of lesions in dogs: a correlative CT scanning and neuropatholgic study. primary and metastatic pulmonary neoplasms of dogs and cats. Vet Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1995; 36, 16–20 Radiol. 1974; 15: 3–25 [152] Wood EF, OʼBrien RT, Young KM: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle [131] Szatmári V, Harkányi Z, Vörös K: A review of nonconventional ult- aspiration of focal parenchymal lesions of the lung of dogs and cats. rasound techniques and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of J Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12: 338–342 noncardiac canine disorders. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 380– [153] Yamazoe K, Ohashi F, Kadosawa T et al.: Computed tomography 391 on renal masses in dogs and cats. J Vet Med Sci.1994 ; 56: 813–816 [132] Tassani-Prell M: Computertomographie zur Diagnostik abdomina- [154] Yoon J, Feeney DA, Cronk DE et al.: Computed tomographic eva- ler Tumorerkrankungen. Proc. DGK-DVG Arbeitstagung, Hofheim, luation of canine and feline mediastinal masses in 14 patients. Vet 2011, 104–109 Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 542–546 [133] Tassani-Prell M, Both C, Köstlin R: Nierenfunktionsszintigraphie [155] Zekas LJ, Crawford JT, OʼBrien RT: Computed tomography-guided mit 99mTC Mercaptacetyltriglycin (MAG3) bei Hund und Katze. fine-needle aspirate and tissue-core biopsy of intrathoracic lesions Kleintierprax.1997; 42: 287–303 in thirty dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 200–204 [134] Thrall DE: Radiographic diagnosis of metastatic pulmonary neopla- [156] Zwingenberger AL, Schwarz T: Dual-phase CT angiography of the sia. Comp Cont Educ Small Anim Pract. 1979; 1: 131–139 normal canine portal and hepatic vasculature. Vet Radiol Ultra- [135] Tidwell AS: Diagnostic pulmonary imaging. Probl Vet Med. 1992; sound. 2004; 45: 117–124 4:239–264 [136] Tidwell AS, Robertson ID: Magnetic resonance imaging of normal and abnormal brain perfusion. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2011; 52 7 Gewebediagnose (Suppl. 1): 62–71 [137] Tiemessen I: Thoracic metastases of canine mammary gland 7.1 Biopsie tumors: a radiographic study. Vet Radiol. 1989; 30: 249–252 [1] Argyle DJ, Brearley MJ, Turek MM: Decision making in small ani- [138] Troxel MT, Vite CH, Massicotte C et al.: Magnetic resonance ima- mal oncology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2008 ging features of feline intracranial neoplasia: Retrospective analysis [2] Brisson BA, Reggeti F, Bienzle D: Portal site metastasis of invasive of 46 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 176–189 mesothelioma after diagnostic thoracoscopy in a dog. J Am Vet [139] van der Vlugt-Meijer RH, Meij BP, van den Ingh TS et al.: Dyna- Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 980–983 mic computed tomography of the pituitary gland in dogs with pitui- [3] Choy A, McCulloch P: Induction of tumour cell shedding into efflu- tary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: ent venous blood breast cancer surgery. Br J Cancer. 1996; 73: 79– 773–780 82 [140] Viglianti BL, Lora-Michels M, Poulsen JM et al.: Dynamic contrast- [4] Dernell WS: Surgical oncology – biopsy techniques and margin enhanced magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of clinical evaluation. Proc North Am Vet Conf, Orlando, USA, 2005 outcome in canine spontaneous soft tissue sarcomas treated with thermoradiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15: 4993–5001 [5] Dernell WS, Withrow SJ: Preoperative patient planning and margin evaluation. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 17–21

[6] Ehrhart N: Principles of tumor biopsy. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. [29] Vignoli M, Ohlerth S, Rossi F et al.: Computed tomography-gui- 1998; 13: 10–16 ded fine-needle aspiration and tissue-core biopsy of bone lesions in [7] Epstein E, Bragg K, Linden G: Biopsy and prognosis of malignant small animals. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 125–30 melanoma. J Am Med Assoc. 1969; 208: 1369–1371 [30] Vignoli M, Rossi F, Chierici C et al.: Needle tract implantation after [8] Fidler IJ: Cancer metastasis. Br Med Bull. 1991; 47: 157–177 fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Schweiz [9] Gilson SD, Stone EA: Surgically induced tumor seeding in eight Arch Tierheilkd. 2007; 149: 314–318 dogs and two cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 196: 1811–1815 [31] Wackes J: Laparoskopische und thorakoskopische Biopsieentnah- [10] Goldfarb M, Brower S, Schwaitzberg SD: Minimally invasive sur- men bei Hund und Katze. Kleintierprax. 1996; 41: 411–418 gery and cancer: controversies part 1. Surg Endosc. 2010; 24: 304– 334 [32] Withrow SJ, Lowes N: Biopsy techniques for use in small animal oncology. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 889–902 [11] Henninger W: Use of computed tomography in the diseased feline thorax. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 56–64 [33] Withrow SJ: Overview of biopsy principles and surgical oncology. Proc. WSAVA, Vancouver 2001 [12] Jiménez Peláez M, Bouvy BM, Dupré GP: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for treatment of unilateral adrenocortical carcinomas: tech- [34] Withrow SJ: Biopsy principles. Vet Q. 1998; 20 Suppl 1: 14–15

nique, complications, and results in seven dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: [35] Withrow SJ: Risks associated with biopsies for cancer. In: Bonagura Literaturverzeichnis 444–453 JD (Hrsg.) Kirkʼs current veterinary therapy XII, Philadelphia. 1995, [13] Kamstock DA, Ehrhart EJ, Getzy DM et al.: Recommended guide- WB Saunders, 24–26 lines for submission, trimming, margin evaluation, and reporting of [36] Wykes PM, Withrow SJ, Powers BE et al.: Closed biopsy for diag- tumor biopsy specimens in veterinary surgical pathology. Vet nosis of long bone tumors: Accuracy and results. J Am Anim Hosp Pathol. 2011; 48: 19–31 Assoc. 1985; 21: 489–494 [14] Langmuir VK, Patterson WB, Schwartz SI: Principles of surgical [37] Zekas LJ, Crawford JT, OʼBrien RT: Computed tomography-guided oncology. In: Rubin P. (Hrsg.): Clinical oncology. WB Saunders Co., fine needle aspirate and tissue-core biopsy of intrathoracic lesions Philadelphia 1993; 41–50 in thirty dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 3: 200–204 [15] Martin RA: Incisional versus excisional biopsy. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1993; 8: 228–234 7.2 Grundlagen der Histologie [16] McMillan JC, Kleine LJ, Carpenter JL: Fluoroscopically guided per- [1] Abadie JJ, Amardeilh MA, Delverdier ME: Immunohistochemical cutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thoracic lesions in dogs detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 in mast cell and cats. Vet Radiol. 1988; 29: 194–197 tumors from dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 215: 1629–1634 [17] Nyland TG, Wallack ST, Wisner ER: Needle-tract implantation fol- [2] Bauer NB, Zervos D, Moritz A: Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing lowing US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of transitional cell regions and Ki67 equally reflect proliferation in fine needle aspirates carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, and prostate. Vet Radiol Ultra- of normal, hyperplastic, inflamed, and neoplastic canine lymph sound. 2002; 43: 50–53 nodes (n = 101). J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 928–935 [18] Peters-Engl P, Konstantiniuk P, Tausch C et al.: The impact of [3] Berman PJ: Clinical techniques in small animal molecular oncology. preoperative breast biopsy on the risk of sentinel lymph node Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 88–91 metastases: analysis of 2502 cases from the Austrian sentinel node biopsy study group. Br J Cancer. 2004; 91: 1782–1786 [4] Bielinska M, Parviainen H, Kiiveri S et al.: Review paper: origin and molecular pathology of adrenocortical neoplasms. Vet Pathol. [19] Powers BE, LaRue SM, Withrow SJ et al.: Jamshidi needle biopsy 2009; 46: 194–210 for diagnosis of bone lesions in small animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – 1988; 193: 205–210 [5] Breen M: Canine cytogenetics from band to basepair. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2008; 120: 50–60 [20] Powers BE, Dernell WS: Tumor biology and pathology. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 4–9 [6] Breen M, Modiano JF: Evolutionary conserved cytogenetic changes in hematological malignancies of dogs and humans – man and his [21] Radlinsky MG: Complications and need for conversion from thora- best friend share more than companionship. Chromos Res. 2008; coscopy to thoracotomy in small animals. Vet Clin North Am Small 16: 145–154 Anim Pract. 2009; 39: 977–984 [7] Bundgaard-Andersen K, Flagstad A, Jensen AL et al.: Correlation [22] Richter KP: Laparoscopy in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small between the histopathological diagnosis by AgNOR count and Anim Pract. 2001; 31: 707–727, ix AgNOR area in canine mammary tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; [23] Schmiedt C: Small animal exploratory thoracoscopy. Vet Clin North 22: 1174–1180 Am Small Anim Pract. 2009; 39: 953–964 [8] Carter PB, Beegle KH, Gebhard DH: Monoclonal antibodies. Clini- [24] Stetler-Stevenson WG, Aznavoorian S, Liotta LA: Tumor cell inter- cal uses and potential. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1986; actions with the extracellular matrix during invasion and metastasis. 16: 1171–1179 Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1993; 9: 541–573 [9] Chandler HL, Colitz CM: Molecular biology for the clinician: under- [25] Stockhaus S, Schoon HA, Scharvogel S et al.: Die Bedeutung der standing current methods. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 326– Zytologie für den Nachweis von Knochentumoren bei Hund und 335 Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2003; 31: 117–123 [10] Coomer AR, Liptak JM: Canine histiocytic diseases. Compend Cont [26] Stone EA: Biopsy: principles, technical considerations, and pitfalls. Educ Small Anim Pract. 2008; 30: 202–204, 208,219, quiz 2016– – Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1995; 25: 33 45 217 [27] Teske E, Stokhof AA, van den Ingh TSGAM et al.: Transthoracic [11] Dickinson RM: Canine lymphosarcoma: overcoming diagnostic needle aspiration biopsy of the lung in dogs with pulmonic diseases. obstacles and introduction to the latest diagnostic techniques. Can – J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: 289 294 Vet J. 2008; 49: 305–308 [28] Tidwell AS, Johnson KL: Computed tomography-guided percuta- [12] Dungworth DL, Hauser B, Hahn FF et al.: World Health Organiza- neous biopsy in the dog and cat: description of technique and preli- tion International histological classification of tumors of domestic minary evaluation in 14 patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1994; 35: animals. Second Series, Volume VI. Histological classification of the – 445 456 tumors of the respiratory system of domestic animals. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the

American Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization borating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Onco- Collaborating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative logy; 1999 Oncology; 1999 [28] Kiupel M, Bostock D, Bermann V: The prognostic significance of [13] Ettinger SN, Scase TJ, Oberthaler KT et al.: Association of argyro- AgNOR counts and PCNA-positive cell counts in canine malignant philic nucleolar organizing regions, Ki-67, and proliferating cell nuc- lymphoma. J Comp Pathol 1998; 119: 407–418 lear antigen scores with histologic grade and survival in dogs with [29] Kiupel M, Teske E, Bostock D: Prognostic factors for treated soft tissue sarcomas: 60 cases (1996–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. canine malignant lymphomas. Vet Pathol. 1999; 36: 292–300 2006; 228: 1053–1062 [30] Kiupel M, Capen C, Miller M et al.: World Health Organization [14] Fernandez NJ, West KH, Jackson ML et al.: Immunohistochemical International histological classification of tumors of domestic ani- and histochemical stains for differentiating canine cutaneous round mals. Second Series, Volume XII. Histological classification of cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 437–445 tumors of the endocrine system of domestic animals. Washington, [15] Fontaine J, Bovens C, Bettenay S et al.: Canine cutaneous epithe- DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the CL liotropic T-cell lymphoma: a review. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 1–14 Davis DVM Foundation and The World Health Organization Collabo- [16] Fournel-Fleury C, Magnol J-P, Guelfi J-F: Atlas en couleur de cyto- rating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Oncology; logie due cancer chez le chien et le chat. Conf. Nationale de Vétérin- 2008 aire Spécialsés en Petits Animaux, 1994 [31] Koestner A, Bilzer T, Fatzer R et al.: World Health Organization [17] Fulmer AK, Mauldin GE: Canine histiocytic neoplasia: an overview. International histological classification of tumors of domestic ani- Can Vet J. 2007; 48: 1046–1050 mals. Second Series, Volume V. Histological classification of tumors of the nervous system of domestic animals. Washington, DC: [18] Gamblin RM, Sagartz JE, Couto CG: Overexpression of p53 tumor Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the Ameri- suppressor protein in spontaneously arising neoplasms of dogs. Am can Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Colla- J Vet Res. 1997; 58: 857–863 borating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Onco- [19] Gentilini F, Calzolari C, Turba ME et al.: Prognostic value of serum logy; 1999 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and plasma activity of [32] Madewell BR: Cellular proliferation in tumors: a review of methods, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 in lymphoma-affected interpretation, and clinical applications. J Vet Intern Med. 2001; 15: dogs. Leuk Res. 2005; 29: 1263–1269 334–340 [20] Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS: Skin tumors of the dog and cat. Per- [33] Maiolino P, Cataldi M, Paciello O et al.: Nucleomorphometric ana- gamon Press, Oxford, New York, Seoul, Tokyo, 1992 lysis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. J Comp Pathol. 2005; [21] Goldschmidt MH, Dunstan RW, Stannard AA et al.: World Health 133: 209–211 Organization International histological classification of tumors of [34] Meuten DJ (Hrsg): Tumors in Domestic Animals. 4. Aufl., Ames, IO: domestic animals. Second Series, Volume III. Histological classifica- Iowa State Press; 2002 tion of epithelial and melanocytic tumors of the skin of domestic animals. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in [35] Meuten DJ, Everitt J, Inskeep W et al.: World Health Organization cooperation with the American Registry of Pathology and The International histological classification of tumors of domestic ani- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Worldwide mals. Second Series, Volume XI. Histological classification of tumors Reference on Comparative Oncology; 1998 of the urinary system of domestic animals. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the American [22] Head KW, Cullen JM, Dubielzig RR et al.: World Health Organiza- Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Collabora- tion International histological classification of tumors of domestic ting Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Oncology; animals. Second Series, Volume X. Histological classification of 2004 tumors of the alimentary system of domestic animals. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the [36] Misdorp W: Veterinary cancer epidemiology. Vet Q. 1996; 18: 32– American Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization 36 Collaborating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative [37] Misdorp W, Else RW, Hellmen E et al.: World Health Organization Oncology; 2003 International histological classification of tumors of domestic ani- [23] Hendrick MJ, Mahaffey EA, Moore FM et al: World Health Organi- mals. Second Series, Volume VII. Histological classifiation of mam- zation International histological classification of tumors of domestic mary tumors of the dog and the cat. Washington, DC: Armed For- animals. Second Series, Volume II. Histological classification of ces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the American mesenchenymal tumors of skin and soft tissues of domestic ani- Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Collabora- mals. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in ting Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Oncology; cooperation with the American Registry of Pathology and The 1999 World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Worldwide [38] Mukaratirwa S: Prognostic and predictive markers in canine Reference on Comparative Oncology; 1998 tumours: rationale and relevance. A review. Vet Q. 2005; 27: 52–64 [24] Henrich M, Hecht W, Weiss AT et al.: A new subgroup of immu- [39] Newman SJ: Diagnostic pathology for the cancer patient. Clin Tech noglobulin heavy chain variable region genes for the assessment of Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 139–144 clonality in feline B-cell lymphomas. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. [40] Nolte I, Nolte M (Hrsg.): Praxis der Onkologie. Stuttgart: Enke; 2009; 130: 59–69 2000 [25] Henrich M, Huisinga M, Bauer N et al.: A case of intravascular [41] Northrup NC, Harmon BG, Gieger TL et al.: Variation among lymphoma with mixed lineage antigen expression in a cat. J Vet pathologists in histologic grading of canine cutaneous mast cell Med A. 2007; 54: 575–578 tumors. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2005; 17: 245–248 [26] Huisinga M, Henrich M, Frese K et al.: Extraventricular neurocy- [42] Northrup NC, Howerth EW, Harmon BG et al.: Variation among toma of the spinal cord in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2007; 45: 63–66 pathologists in the histologic grading of canine cutaneous mast cell [27] Kennedy PC, Cullen MJ, Edwards JF et al.: World Health Organiza- tumors with uniform use of a single grading reference. J Vet Diagn tion International histological classification of tumors of domestic Invest. 2005; 17: 561–564 animals. Second Series, Volume IV. Histological classification of [43] Otsuki Y, Li Z, Shibata MA: Apoptotic detection methods – from tumors of the genital system of domestic animals. Washington, DC: morphology to gene. Prog Histochem Cytochem. 2003; 38: 275– Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the Ameri- 339 can Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Colla-

[44] Ozaki K, Yamagami T, Nomura K et al. : Prognostic significance of [64] Webster JD, Yazbasiyan-Gurkan V, Miller RA et al.: Cellular proli- surgical margin, Ki-67 and cyclin D1 protein expression in grade II feration in canine cuteneous mast cell tumors: associations with canine cutaneous mast cell tumor. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 1117– c-KIT and its role in prognostication. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 298–308 1121 [65] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Thamm DH et al.: Evaluation [45] Patnaik AK, Ehler WJ, MacEwen EG: Canine cutaneous mast cell of prognostic markers for canine mast cell tumors treated with tumor: morphologic grading and survival time in 83 dogs. Vet vinblastine and prednisone. BMC Vet Res. 2008; 4: 32 Pathol. 1984; 21: S. 469–474 [66] Welle MM, Bley CR, Howard J et al.: Canine mast cell tumours: a [46] Preziosi R, Sarli G, Benazzi C et al.: Multiparametric survival analy- review of pathogenesis, clinical features, pathology and treatment. sis of histological stage and proliferative activity in feline mammary Vet Dermatol. 2008; 19: 321–339 carcinomas. Res Vet Sci. 2002; 73: 53–60 [67] Weiss AT, Hecht W, Henrich M et al.: Characterization of C-, [47] Preziosi R, Sarli G, Paltrinieri M: Multivariate survival analysis of J- and V-region-genes of the feline T-cell receptor γ. Vet Immunol histological parameters and clinical presentation in canine cuta- Immunopathol. 2008; 124: 63–74 neous mast cell tumours. Vet Res Commun. 2007; 31: 287–296 [68] White RAS: Kompendium der Onkologie in der Veterinärmedizin. [48] Priester WA, McKay FW: The occurrence of tumors in domestic Hannover: Schlütersche; 1998

animals. Bethesda, ML: Nat Cancer Inst Monographs; 1980 [69] Wilcock B, Dubielzig RR, Bender JA: World Health Organization Literaturverzeichnis [49] Powers BE, Dernell WS: Tumor biology and pathology. Clin Tech International histological classification of tumors of domestic ani- Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 4–9 mals. Second Series, Volume IX. Histological classification of ocular [50] Reinacher M: Praxisrelevante Tumoren bei der Katze. Prakt Tierarzt. and otic tumors of domestic animals. Washington, DC: Armed For- (Coll. Vet. XXVII) 1997; 78: 10–12 ces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the American Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Collabora- [51] Reinacher M: Tumors of the immune system of the cat. In: Pastoret ting Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Oncology; PP, Griebel P (Hrsg.): Handbook of vertebrate immunology. London: 2002 Academic Press; 1998: 325–335 [70] William DC: Studies on canine leukocyte antigens: a significant [52] Rhind S: Veterinary oncological pathology – current and future per- advance in canine immunology. Vet J. 1997; 153: 31–39 spectives. Vet J. 2002; 163: 7–18 [71] Zemke D, Yamini B, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan VA: Mutations in the jux- [53] Romeis B: Mikroskopische Technik. 17. Aufl., München: Urban & tamembrane domain of c-KIT are associated with higher grade Schwarzenberg; 1989 mast cell tumors in dogs. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 529–535 [54] Sabattini S, Bettini G: Prognostic value of histologic and immunohistochemical features in feline cutaneous mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 643–653 7.3 Zytologie [55] Sarli TJ, Preziosi R, Benazzi C et al.: Prognostic value of histologic [1] Allemann AR, Bain PJ: Diagnosing neoplasia: The cytological crite- stage and proliferative activity in canine malignant mammary ria for malignancy. Vet Med. 2000; 95: 204–223 – tumors. J Vet Diagn Invest 2002; 14: 25 34 [2] Allen SW, Prasse KW: Cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia and peri- [56] Scase, TJ, Edwards D, Miller J et al.: Canine mast cell tumors: cor- operative implementation. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. 1986; relation of apoptosis and proliferation markers with prognosis. J Vet 8: 72–80 – Intern Med. 2006; 20: 151 158 [3] Allen SW, Prasse KW, Mahaffey EA: Cytologic differentiation of [57] Slayter MV, Boosinger TR, Pool RR et al.: World Health Organiza- benign from malignant mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: tion International histological classification of tumors of domestic 649–655 animals. Second Series, Volume I. Histological Classification of Bone [4] Baker R, Lumsden JH: Color atlas of cytology of the dog and cat. and Joint Tumors of Domestic Animals. Washington, DC: Armed Mosby St. Louis, USA 2000 Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the American [5] Ballegeer EA, Forrest LJ, Dickinson RM et al.: Correlation of ultra- Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Collabora- sonographic appearance of lesions and cytologic and histologic ting Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Oncology; diagnoses in splenic aspirates from dogs and cats: 32 cases (2002– 1994 2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 690–696 [58] Sorensen KC, Kitchell BE, Schaeffer DJ et al.: Expression of matrix [6] Berg JW, Robbins GF: A late look at the safety of aspiration biopsy. metalloproteinases in feline vaccine site-associated sarcomas. Am J Cancer 1962; 15: 826–827 Vet Res. 2004; 65: 373–379 [7] Bonfanti U, Bertazzolo W, Bottero E et al.: Diagnostic value of [59] Strefezzi Rde F, Xavier JG, Catão-Dias JL: Morphometry of canine cytologic examination of gastrointestinal tract tumors in dogs and cutaneous mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 268–275 cats: 83 cases (2001–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: [60] Strefezzi R de F, Xavier JG, Kleeb SR et al.: Nuclear morphometry 1130–1133 in cytopathology: a prognostic indicator for canine cuteneous mast [8] Britt T, Clifford C, Barger A et al.: Diagnosing appendicular osteo- cell tumors. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2009; 21: 821–825 sarcoma with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: 36 cases. J [61] Theilen GH, Madewell BR: Veterinary Cancer Medicine, 2. Auflg., Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 145–150 Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1987 [9] Cohen M, Bohling MW, Wright JC et al.: Evaluation of sensitivity [62] Tuohy JL, Milgram J, Worley DR et al.: A review of sentinel lymph and specificity of cytologic examination: 269 cases (1999–2000). J node evaluation and the need for its incorporation into veterinary Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 222: 964–967 oncology. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 81–91 [10] Couto CG: Cytology. In: Nelson RW, Couto CG (Hrsg.): Small animal [63] Valli VE, Jacoby RM, Parodi AL et al.: World Health Organization internal medicine. 4. Aufl. Mosby Inc., St. Louis, 2009; S. 1143– International histological classification of tumors of domestic ani- 1149 mals. Second Series, Volume VIII. Histological classification of [11] Cowell RL, Tyler RD, Meinkoth JH et al.: Diagnostic cytology and hematopoietic tumors of domestic animals. Washington, DC: hematology of the dog and cat. 3. Aufl., Mosby Inc., St. Louis USA Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in cooperation with the Ameri- 2008 can Registry of Pathology and The World Health Organization Colla- borating Center for Worldwide Reference on Comparative Onco- [12] DeNicola D, Reagan WJ: Using cytology in the diagnosis of cancer. logy; 2002 In: Morrison WB (Hrsg.): Cancer in dogs and cats. Williams and Wil- kins, Baltimore 1998; S. 79–94

[13] Duncan JR, Prasse KW: Cytology of canine cutaneous round cell [35] Simeonov RS: The accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in tumors. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 673–679 the diagnosis of canine skin and subcutaneous masses. Comp Clin [14] Dunn JK, Gerber K: Diagnostic cytology. In: Villiers E, Blackwood L Pathol. 2012; 21: 143–147 (Hrsg.): BSAVA Manual of canine and feline clinical pathology. 2. [36] Simon D, Schoenrock D, Nolte I et al.: Cytologic examination of Aufl. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Shurdington, Chel- fine-needle aspirates from mammary gland tumors in the dog: tenham, 2005, S. 305–339 diagnostic accuracy with comparison to histopathology and associa- [15] Engzell U, Esposti PL, Rubio C et al.: Investigation on tumor spread tion with postoperative outcome. Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 521– in connection with aspiration biopsy. Acta Radiol. 1971; 10: 385– 528 398 [37] Stockhaus C, Teske E: Klinische Einsatzgebiete der zytologischen [16] Epstein E, Bragg K, Linden G: Biopsy and prognosis of malignant Diagnostik bei der Katze. Wien Tierärztl Monatsschr. 2001; 88: melanoma. J Am Med Assoc. 1969; 208: 1369–1371 323–331 [17] Fournel-Fleury C, Magnol JP, Guelfi JF: Color atlas of cancer cyto- [38] Stockhaus C, Teske E: Klinische Erfahrungen mit der zytologischen logy of the dog and cat – Atlas en couleur de cytologie du cancer Diagnostik beim Hund. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2001; 143: 233– chez le chien et le chat. Conférence Nationale des Vétérinaires Spé- 240 cialisés en Petits Animaux, PCAMC éditions, Paris 1994 [39] Wellmann ML: The cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia. Vet Clin North [18] Freudenberg N, Kortsik C, Ross A: Grundlagen der Zytopathologie Am Small Anim Pract. 1990; 20: 919–938 – Kurzlehrbuch und Atlas der allgemeinen und speziellen Zytodiag- [40] Wurm S, Ueberschär S, Nolte I: Aussagekraft der Zytologie bei nostik, Karger Verlag, Freiburg, 2002 Haut- und Mammatumoren des Hundes. Monatsh Vet-Med. 1993; [19] Ghisleni G, Roccabianca P, Ceruti R et al.: Correlation between 48: 473–478 fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology in the evaluation [41] Zinkl JG: Criteria of malignancy in cytologic preparations. Calif Vet. of cutaneous and subcutaneous masses from dogs and cats. Vet 1981; 35: 13–17 Clin Pathol. 2006; 35: 24–30 [20] Griffith GL, Lumsden JH: Fine needle aspiration cytology and histo- 7.4 Zytologie maligner Körperhöhlenergüsse logic correlation in canine tumors. Vet Clin Pathol. 1984; 13: 13–17 [1] Alleman AR: Abdominal, thoracic, and pericardial effusions. Vet [21] Hirschberger J: Organzytologie. In: Kraft W, Dürr UM (Hrsg.): Klini- Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 89–118 sche Labordiagnostik in der Tiermedizin. 6. Aufl. Schattauer Stutt- gart, 2005, S. 330–347 [2] Bauer N, Moritz A: Flow cytometric analysis of effusions in dogs and cats with the automated haematology analyser ADVIA 120. Vet [22] Kessler M: Zur Diagnostik von Tumoren mittels Nadelaspirations- Rec. 2005; 156: 674–678 zytologie. Tierärztl Prax. 1995; 23: 534–541 [3] Connally HE: Cytology and fluid analysis of the acute abdomen. [23] LeBlanc CJ, Head LL, Fry MM: Comparison of aspiration and non- Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 39–44 aspiration techniques for obtaining cytologic samples from the canine and feline spleen. Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 242–246 [4] Culp WT, Zeldis TE, Reese MS et al.: Primary bacterial peritonitis in dogs and cats: 24 cases (1990–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [24] Léveillé R, Partington BP, Biller DS et al.: Complications after 2009; 234: 906–913 ultrasound-guided biopsy of abdominal structures in dogs and cats: 246 cases (1984–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 413–415 [5] Dempsey SM, Ewing PJ: A review of the pathophysiology, classification, and analysis of canine and feline cavitary effusions. J Am [25] Meinkoth HJ, Cowell RL: Recognition of basic cell types and criteria Anim Hosp Assoc. 2011; 47: 1–11 of malignancy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2002; 32: 1209–1235 [6] Else RW, Simpson JW: Diagnostic value of exfoliative cytology of body fluids in dogs and cats. Vet Rec. 1988; 123: 70–76 [26] Menard M, Fontaine M, Morin M: Fine needle aspiration biopsy of malignant tumours in dogs and cats: a report of 102 cases. Can Vet [7] Garrett LD: Mesothelioma. In: Withrow SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Withrow ʼ J. 1986; 27: 504–510 and MacEwen s Small Animal Clinical Oncology. WB Saunders Inc., St. Louis, Missouri. 2007; 804–808 [27] Menard M, Papageorges M: Ultrasound corner: technique for ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsies. Vet Radiol Ultrasound [8] Gorman ME, Villarroel A, Tornquist SJ et al.: Comparison between 1994; 36: 137–138 manual and automated total nucleated cell counts using the ADVIA 120 for pleural and peritoneal fluid samples from dogs, cats, horses, [28] Meyer DJ: The management of cytology specimens. Compend Con- and alpacas. Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 388–391 tin Educ Pract Vet. 1987; 9: 10–17 [9] Grogan DR, Irwin RS, Channick R et al.: Complications associated [29] Mischke R: Zytologisches Praktikum für die Veterinärmedizin. with thoracocentesis. Arch Intern Med. 1990; 150: 873–877 Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Hannover, 2005 [10] Hirschberger J, DeNicola DB, Hermanns W et al.: Sensitivity and [30] Nyland TG, Wallack ST, Wisner ER: Needle-tract implantation fol- specificity of cytologic evaluation in the diagnosis of neoplasia in lowing US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of transitional cell body fluids from dogs and cats. Vet Clin Path. 1999; 28: 142–146 carcinoma of the bladder, urethra and prostate. Vet Radiol Ultra- sound. 2002; 43: 50–53 [11] Hirschberger J: Körperhöhlenergüsse. In: Kraft W, Dürr U (Hrsg.): Klinische Labordiagnostik in der Tiermedizin. F.K. Schattauer Verlag, [31] Orell SR, Sterret GF, Walters MNI et al.: Punktionszytologie. Hand- Stuttgart 2005; 241–248 buch und Atlas. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1999 [12] Hirschberger J: Zytologie von Körperhöhlenergüssen. Tierärztl [32] Papageorges M, Gavin PR, Sande RD et al.: Ultrasound-guided Prax. 1995; 23: 192–199 fine needle aspiration: an inexpensive modification of the technique. Vet Radiol. 1998; 29: 269–271 [13] Maher I, Tennant KV, Papasouliotis K: Effect of storage time on automated cell count and cytological interpretation of body cavity [33] Rakich PM, Latimer KS: Cytology. In: Latimer KS, Mahaffey EA, effusions. Vet Rec. 2010; 167: 519–522 Prasse KW (Hrsg.): Duncan & Prasseʼs Veterinary Laboratory Medi- cine: Clinical Pathology. Iowa State Press, Ames 2003, 304–330 [14] Ottenjann M, Lübke-Becker A, Linzmann H et al.: Pyothorax bei 26 Katzen: Klinik, Labordiagnostik und Therapie (2000–2007). Berl [34] Raskin RE, Meyer DJ: Canine and feline cytology. A color atlas and Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2008; 121: 365–373 interpretation guide. 2. Aufl., W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia 2010 [15] Permann V, Alsaker RD, Riis RC: Cytology of body fluids. In: Per- mann V, Alsaker RD, Riis RC (Hrsg.): Cytology of the dog and cat. American Animal Hospital Association, Denver 1979; 17–20

aus: Kessler, Kleintieronkologie (ISBN 9783830411376) © 2013 Enke Verlag Literaturverzeichnis 23 [16] Pinto da Cunha N, Giordano A, Caniatti M et al.: Analytical valida- 8 Onkologische Chirurgie tion of the Sysmex XT-2000iV for cell counts in canine and feline effusions and concordance with cytologic diagnosis. Vet Clin Pathol. 8.1 Prinzipien der onkologischen Chirurgie 2009; 38: 230–241 [1] Aiken SW: Principles of surgery for the cancer patient. Clin Tech [17] Rebar AH: Diagnostic cytology in veterinary practice: current status Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 75–81 and interpretive principles. In: Kirk RW (Hrsg.): Current veterinary therapy VII. Small animal practice. WB Saunders Co., Philadelphia [2] Bacon NJ, Dernell WS, Ehrhart N et al.: Evaluation of primary re- 1980; 16–27 excision after recent inadequate resection of soft tissue sarcomas in dogs: 41 cases (1999–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230:548– [18] Rizzi TE, Cowell RL, Tyler RD et al.: Effusions: Abdominal, thoracic, 554 and pericardial. In: Cowell RL, Tyler RD, Meinkoth JH et al. (Hrsg): Diagnostic cytology and hematology of the dog and cat. Mosby [3] Banks T, Straw R, Thomson M et al.: Soft tissue sarcomas in dogs: Inc., St. Louis, Missouri. 2008; 235–255 a study assessing surgical margin, tumour grade and clinical outcome. Aust Vet Pract. 2004; 34: 158–163. [19] Thrall MA: Evaluation of thoracic effusions. Part 1. Mod Vet Pract. 1983; 64: 288–293 [4] Becker GD: The many faces of surgical margins. Am J Clin Oncol. 2007; 30: 556–559

[20] Walters JM: Abdominal paracentesis and diagnostic peritoneal Literaturverzeichnis – lavage. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 32–38 [5] Cavanaugh R, Bacon NJ: Canine soft tissue sarcomas what to do with dirty margins? VSSO Newslet. 2007; 1: 3–4. [21] Ziesche R, Matthys H: Diagnostik von Pleuraergüssen. Internist 1990; 31: 272–276 [6] Dernell WS, Withrow SJ: Preoperative patient planning and margin evaluation. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 17–21 7.5 Knochenmarkbiopsie [7] Ennekin WF: Musculoskeletal tumor surgery. Churchill-Livingstone, New York 1983 [1] Bauer N, Moritz A: Durchflusszytometrische Knochenmarkunter- [8] Fulcher RP, Ludwig LL, Bergman PJ et al.: Evaluation of a two-cen- suchung mit dem Hämatologiesystem ADVIA 120®. Tierärztl Prax. timeter lateral surgical margin for excision of grade I and grade II – 2002; 30 (K): 472 476 cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; [2] Busse J: Referenzwerte der zytologischen Knochenmarkdiagnostik 228: 210–215 beim Hund unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Megakaryo- [9] Gilson SD, Stone EA: Principles of oncologic surgery. Comp Cont poese. Diss med vet, TiHo Hannover, 2001 Ed Pract Vet. 1990; 12: 827–839 [3] Coles EH: Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 4. Aufl., Saunders, Philadel- [10] Gilson SD: Clinical management of the regional lymph node. Vet phia, 1986 Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1995; 25: 149–167 [4] Johnson CM, Gengozian N, Mergia A: Hematopoiesis in the feline [11] Gilson SD: Principles of surgery for cancer palliation and treatment fetal liver: an assessment by flow cytometry. Vet Immunol Immuno- of metastases. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 65–69 pathol. 2004; 99: 53–62 [12] Harvey HJ: Surgery. In: Theilen GH, Madewell BR (Hrsg.): Veterinary [5] Keller P, Freudiger U: Atlas zur Hämatologie von Hund und Katze. cancer medicine, 2. Aufl., Lea & Febinger, Philadelphia 1987; 121– Parey, Berlin Hamburg, 1983 128 [6] Keller P: Die Beurteilung der Megakaryopoese und des thrombozy- [13] Hays DM, Lawrence W Jr, Wharam M et al.: Primary reexcision tären Systems beim Hund: Möglichkeiten zur Objektivierung von for patients with ʼmicroscopic residualʼ tumor following initial exci- klinischen Befunden und der Diagnosestellung in der Praxis. Klein- sion of sarcomas of trunk and extremity sites. J Pediatr Surg. 1989; – tierprax. 1985; 30: 403 418 24: 5–10 [7] Moritz A: Die Aussagekraft der Knochenmarkzytologie beim Hund. [14] Jiménez Peláez M, Bouvy BM, Dupré GP: Laparoscopic adrenal- Diss Med Vet, Giessen, 1993 ectomy for treatment of unilateral adrenocortical carcinomas: tech- [8] Moritz A, Grünbaum EG: Bedeutung der Knochenmarkzytologie in nique, complications, and results in seven dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: der Leukosediagnostik beim Hund. Tierärztl Prax. 1993; 21: 243– 444–453 251 [15] Kamstock DA, Ehrhart EJ, Getzy DM et al.: Recommended guide- [9] Moritz A: Knochenmarkuntersuchung. In: Kraft W, Dürr UM (Hrsg.) lines for submission, trimming, margin evaluation, and reporting of Klinische Labordiagnostik in der Tiermedizin. 6. Aufl., Schattauer, tumor biopsy specimens in veterinary surgical pathology. Vet Stuttgart. 2005; 93–114 Pathol. 2011; 48: 19–31 [10] Moritz A, Bauer NB, Weiss DJ et al.: Evaluation of Bone Marrow In: [16] Kern KA, Pass HI, Roth JA: Surgical treatment for pulmonary Weiss DJ, Wardrop JK (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. metastasis. In: Rosenberg SA (Hrsg.): Surgical treatment of metasta- 6. Aufl., Blackwell Publishing, Ames. 2010 tic cancer. JB Lippincott Co, Philadelphia 1987: 69–100 [11] Stockham SL, Scott MA: Fundamentals of Veterinary Clinical [17] Kuntz CA: Thoracic surgical oncology. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract Pathology. 2. Aufl., Blackwell Publishing, Ames. 2008. 1998; 13: 47–52 [12] Weiss DJ: Determination of differential cell counts in feline bone [18] Mann FA, Pace LW: Marking margins of tumorectomies and exci- marrow by use of flow cytometry. Am J Vet Res. 2001; 62: 474–478 sional biopsies to facilitate histological assessment of excision com- [13] Weiss DJ: Evaluation of proliferative disorders in canine bone mar- pleteness. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1993; 8: 279–283 row by use of flow cytometric scatter plots and monoclonal anti- [19] McNiel EA, LaRue SM: Principles of adjunctive radiation therapy. bodies. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 512–518 Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 33–37 [14] Weiss DJ: Flow cytometric and immunophenotypic evaluation of [20] Moore GE: Debunking debulking. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1980; 150: acute lymphocytic leukemia in dog bone marrow. J Vet Intern Med. 395–396 – 2001; 15: 589 594 [21] OʼBrien MG: Principles of oncologic abdominal surgery. Clin Tech [15] Weiss DJ: Use of monoclonal antibodies to refine flow cytometric Small Anim Pract. 1998 ; 13: 42–46 differential cell counting of canine bone marrow cells. Am J Vet Res. [22] OʼBrien MG, Straw RC, Withrow SJ et al: Resection of pulmonary – 2001; 62: 1273 1278 metastases in canine osteosarcoma: thirty-one cases (1983–1992). [16] Weiss DJ: Flow cytometric evaluation of canine bone marrow based Vet Surg. 1993; 15: 105–109 on intracytoplasmic complexity and CD45 expression. Vet Clin [23] Ogilvie GK: Chemotherapy and the surgery patient: principles and – Pathol. 2004; 33: 96 101 recent advances. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 22–32

[24] Powers BE, Dernell WS: Tumor biology and pathology. Clin Tech [16] Grösslinger K, Lorinson D: Autotransplantation von Zehenballen Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 4–9 zur Rekonstruktion der Lauffläche bei einer Hauskatze. Kleintier- [25] Séguin B, McDonald DE, Kent MS et al.: Tolerance of cutaneous or prax. 2001; 46: 231–236 mucosal flaps placed into a radiation therapy field in dogs. Vet Surg. [17] Henney LH, Pavletic MM: Axial pattern flap based on the super- 2005; 34: 214–222 ficial brachial artery in the dog Vet Surg. 1988; 17: 311–317 [26] Simpson AM, Ludwig LL, Newman SJ et al.: Evaluation of surgical [18] Hunt GB, Tisdall PL, Liptak JM, et al.: Skin-fold advancement flaps margins required for complete excision of cutaneous mast cell for closing large proximal limb and trunk defects in dogs and cats. tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224: 236–240 Vet Surg. 2001; 30: 440–448. [27] Soderstrom MJ, Gilson SD: Principles of surgical oncology. Vet Clin [19] Hunt GB: Use of the lip-to-lid flap for replacement of the lower eye- North Am Sm Anim Pract. 1995; 25: 97–110 lid in five cats. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 284–286. [28] Stefanello D, Morello E, Roccabianca P et al.: Marginal excision of [20] Hsu PW, Salgado CJ, Kent K, et al.: Evaluation of porcine dermal low-grade spindle cell sarcoma of canine extremities: 35 dogs collagen (Permacol) used in abdominal wall reconstruction. J Plast (1996–2006). Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 461–465 Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2009; 62: 1484–1489. [29] Szentimetrey D: Principles of reconstructive surgery for the tumor [21] Irwin DH: Tension lines in the skin of the dog. J Small Anim Pract. patient. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 70–76 1966; 7: 593–598. [30] van Zuilen CD, Kirpensteijn J: [Tumor surgery] Tijdschr Dierge- [22] Jacobi S, Stanley BJ, Petersen-Jones S, et al.: Use of an axial pat- neeskd. 1997; 122: 333–337 tern flap and nictitans to reconstruct medial eyelids and canthus in [31] Withrow SJ: The evolution of veterinary surgical oncology. Clin a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2008; 11: 395–400. Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 1–3 [23] Kostolich M, Pavletic MM: Axial pattern flap based on the genicu- [32] Withrow SJ: The science of surgical oncology: past progress and lar branch of the saphenous artery in the dog. Vet Surg. 1987; 16: future direction. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1995; 25: 217–222. 225–230 [24] Lemarie RJ, Hosgood G, Read RA, et al.: Distant abdominal and thoracic pedicle skin flaps for treatment of distal limb skin defects. J 8.2 Rekonstruktive Chirurgie in der Onkologie Small Anim Pract. 1995; 36: 255–261. [25] Lidbetter DA, Williams FA Jr, Krahwinkel DJ, et al.: Radical lateral [1] Alexander LG, Pavletic MM, Engler SJ: Abdominal wall reconstruc- body-wall resection for fibrosarcoma with reconstruction using tion with a vascular external abdominal oblique myofascial flap. Vet polypropylene mesh and a caudal superficial epigastric axial pattern – Surg. 1991; 20: 379 384 flap: a prospective clinical study of the technique and results in 6 [2] Aper RL, Smeak DD: Clinical evaluation of caudal superficial epi- cats. Vet Surg. 2002; 31: 57–64. gastric axial pattern flap reconstruction of skin defects in 10 dogs [26] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Rizzo SA, et al.: Reconstruction of chest – – (1989 2001). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 185 192 wall defects after rib tumor resection: a comparison of autogenous, [3] Aper R, Smeak D: Complications and outcome after thoracodorsal prosthetic, and composite techniques in 44 dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; axial pattern flap reconstruction of forelimb skin defects in 10 dogs, 37: 479–487. – – 1989 2001. Vet Surg. 2003; 32: 378 384 [27] Mayhew PD, Holt DE: Simultaneous use of bilateral caudal superfi- [4] Aquino SM: Management of eyelid neoplasms in the dog and cat. cial epigastric axial pattern flaps for wound closure in a dog. J Small Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2007; 22: 46–54 Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 534–538. [5] Beets GL, Go PM, van Mameren H: Foreign body reactions to [28] Munger RJ, Gourley IM: Cross lid flap for repair of large upper eye- monofilament and braided polypropylene mesh used as preperito- lid defects. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178: 45–48. – neal implants in pigs. Eur J Surg. 1996; 162: 823 825 [29] Pavletic MM: Atlas of small animal wound management and [6] Brière C: Use of a reverse saphenous skin flap for the excision of a reconstructive surgery. 3. Auflage, John Wiley & Sons, 2010. grade II mast cell tumor on the hind limb of a dog. Can Vet J. 2002; [30] Pavletic MM: Anatomy and circulation of the canine skin. Microsur- – 43: 620 622 gery. 1991; 12: 103–112. [7] Butinar J, Pecar J: Hautrekonstruktion mit subdermalen und Axial- [31] Pavletic MM: Axial pattern flaps in small animal practice. Vet Clin – hautlappen. Veterinär Spiegel. 2001; 1: 12 18 North Am Small Anim Pract. 1990; 20: 105–125. [8] Clarke KM, Lantz GC, Salisbury SK et al. : Intestine submucosa [32] Pavletic MM: Canine axial pattern flaps, using the omocervical, and polypropylene mesh for abdominal wall repair in dogs. J Surg thoracodorsal, and deep circumflex iliac direct cutaneous arteries. – Res. 1996; 60: 107 114 Am J Vet Res. 1981; 42: 391–406. [9] Collaboration EH: Mesh compared with non-mesh methods of [33] Philibert D, Fowler JD: Use of muscle flaps in reconstructive sur- open groin hernia repair: systematic review of randomized control- gery. Compend Cont Edu Pract Vet. 1996; 18: 395–405. led trials. Br J Surg. 2000; 87: 854–859 [34] Pope ER: Head and facial wounds in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North [10] de Castro Marques AI, Hipwell F, Yool DA: The use of porcine Am Small Anim Pract. 2006; 36: 793–817. small-intestinal submucosa for abdominal wall reconstruction–a cli- [35] Remedios AM, Bauer MS, Bowen CV et al.: Axial pattern skin flaps nical case. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 619–623 in cats. Microsurgery. 1991; 12: 125–129. [11] Degner DA: Facial reconstructive surgery. Clin Tech Small Anim [36] Sardinas JC, Pavletic MM, Ross JT et al.: Comparative viability of Pract. 2007; 22: 82–88 peninsular and island axial pattern flaps incorporating the cranial [12] Degner DA, Bauer MS, Cozens M: Reverse saphenous conduit flap: superficial epigastric artery in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; – a case report in a cat. Vet Comp Ortho Trauma. 1993; 6: 175 177 207: 452–454. [13] Esson D: A modification of the Mustardé technique for the surgical [37] Silver FH, Siperko LM, Seehra GP: Mechanobiology of force trans- repair of a large feline eyelid coloboma. Vet Ophthalmol. 2001; 4: duction in dermal tissue. Skin Res Technol. 2003; 9: 3–23. 159–160 [38] Smith MM, Payne JT, Moon ML et al.: Axial pattern flap based on [14] Fahie MA, Smith MM: Axial pattern flap based on the cutaneous the caudal auricular artery in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1991; 52: 922– branch of the superficial temporal artery in dogs: an experimental 925. study and case report. Vet Surg. 1999; 28: 141–147 [15] Gregory CR, Gourley IM: Identification of muscle flaps in small animals. Microsurgery. 1991; 12: 136–139

[39] Smith MM, Shults S, Waldron DR et al.: Platysma myocutaneous [12] Kim R, Tanabe K, Emi M et al.: Potential roles of antisense therapy flap for head and neck reconstruction in cats. Head Neck. 1993; 15: in the molecular targeting of genes involved in cancer. Int J Oncol. 433–439. 2004; 24: 5–17. [40] Spodnick GJ, Hudson LC, Clark GN et al.: Use of a caudal auricular [13] Loeb LA, Bielas JH, Beckman RA: Cancers exhibit a mutator pheno- axial pattern flap in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 1679– type: clinical implications. Cancer Res. 2008; 68: 3551–3557 1682. [14] Lyman GH: Impact of chemotherapy dose intensity on cancer pati- [41] Stiles J, Townsend W, Willis M et al.: Use of a caudal auricular ent outcomes. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2009; 7: 99–108 axial pattern flap in three cats and one dog following orbital exen- [15] Marchall EK Jr: Historical perspectives in chemotherapy. Adv Che- teration. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003; 6: 121–126. mother. 1964; 13: 1–8 [42] Swaim SF, Henderson RA (Hrsg.): Small animal wound manage- [16] Maughan TS, James RD, Kerr DJ et al.: Comparison of intermittent ment, Williams and Wilkins, 1997. and continuous palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal [43] Sylvestre AM, Weinstein MJ, Popovitch CA et al.: The sartorius cancer: a multicenter randomized trial. Lancet. 2003; 361:.457–464 muscle flap in the cat: an anatomic study and two case reports. [17] Michor F, Nowak MA, Iwasa Y : Evolution of resistance to cancer J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 91–96. therapy. Curr Pharm Des. 2006; 12: 261–271

[44] Szentimrey D: Principles of reconstructive surgery for the tumor [18] Norton L, Simon R, Brereton HD et al.: Predicting the course of Literaturverzeichnis patient. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 70–76. Gompertzian growth. Nature. 1976; 264: 542–5 [45] Taney K, Smith MM: Resection of mast cell tumor of the lip in a [19] Norton L, Simon R: Tumor size, sensitivity to therapy, and design dog. J Vet Dentistry. 2009; 26: 28–34. of treatment schedules. Cancer Treat Rep. 1977; 61: 1307–1317 [46] Teunissen BD, Walshaw R, Hauptman JG et al.: Evaluation of pri- [20] Norton L, Simon R: The Norton–Simon hypothesis revisited. Cancer mary critical ischemia time for the deep circumflex iliac cutaneous Treat Rep. 1986; 70: 163–169 flap in cats. Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 440–445. [21] Saltz L, Meropol NJ, Loehrer PJ et al.: Single agent IMC–C225 has [47] Trevor PB, Smith MM, Waldron DR et al.: Clinical evaluation of activity in CPT–11 refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) that expresses axial pattern skin flaps in dogs and cats: 19 cases (1981–1990). the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Proc Am Soc Clin J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 608–612. Oncol. 2002; 21:127a [48] Weinstein MJ, Pavletic MM, Boudrieau RJ et al.: Cranial sartorius [22] Simon D, Nolte I, Eberle N et al.: Treatment of dogs with lym- muscle flap in the dog. Vet Surg. 1989; 18: 286–291. phoma using a 12–week, maintenance–free combination chemotherapy protocol. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 948–954 [23] Simon R, Norton L: The Norton–Simon hypothesis: designing more 9 Zytostatische Therapie effective and less toxic chemotherapeutic regimens. Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2006; 3: 406–407 9.1 Prinzipien der Chemotherapie [24] Skipper HE: Perspectives in cancer chemotherapy: Therapeutic – [1] Bajzer Z, Vuk–Pavlovic S: New Dimensions in Gompertzian design. Cancer Res. 1964; 24: 1295 1302 Growth. J Theor Med, 2000; 2: 307–315 [25] Therasse P, Arbuck SG, Eisenhauer EA et al.: New guidelines to [2] Chu E, DeVita VT: Principles of Medical Oncology. In: DeVita VT, evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European Orga- Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (Hrsg.) Cancer – Principles & Practice of nization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, National Cancer Oncology, 7. Auflage, 2005, 295–306 Institute of the United States, National Cancer Institute of Canada. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000; 92: 205–216 [3] Citron ML, Berry DA, Cirrincione C et al.: Randomized trial of dose–dense versus conventionally scheduled and sequential versus [26] Thornberry NA, Lazebnik Y: Caspases: enemies within. Science. – concurrent combination chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant 1998; 281:1312 1316 treatment of node–positive primary breast cancer: first report of [27] Vail DM, Michels GM, Khanna C et al.: Response evaluation criteria Intergroup Trial C9741/Cancer and Leukemia Group B Trial 9741. J for peripheral nodal lymphoma in dogs (v1.0) – a Veterinary Coope- Clin Oncol. 2003; 21: 1431–1439 rative Oncology Group (VCOG) consensus document. Vet Comp – [4] Frei E 3rd, Elias A, Wheeler C et al.: The relationship between Oncol. 2010; 8: 28 37 high–dose treatment and combination chemotherapy: the concept [28] Wikman H, Vessella R, Pantel K: Cancer micrometastasis and of summation dose intensity. Clin Cancer Res. 1998; 4: 2027–2037. tumour dormancy. APMIS. 2008; 116: 754–770 [5] Gerlinger M, Swanton C: How Darwinian models inform therapeutic failure initiated by clonal heterogeneity in cancer medicine. Br J 9.2 Medikamente, Dosierungen, Cancer. 2010 ; 103: 1139–1143 Behandlungsprotokolle [6] Glaspy JA: Hematopoietic management in oncology practice. Part I. [1] Alvarez FJ, Kisseberth WC, Gallant SL et al.: Dexamethasone, mel- Myeloid growth factors. Oncology. 2003; 17: 1593–1603 phalan, actinomycin D, cytosine arabinoside (DMAC) protocol for [7] Goldie JH, Coldman AJ: A mathematic model for relating the drug dogs with relapsed lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1178– sensitivity of tumors to their spontaneous mutation rate. Cancer 1183 Treat Rep. 1979; 63: 1727–1733 [2] Anders RJ, Shanes JG, Zeller FP: Lower incidence of doxorubicin- [8] Green DR: Apoptotic pathways: the roads to ruin. Cell. 1998; 94: induced cardiomyopathy by once-a-week low dose administration. 695–698 Am Heart J. 1986; 111: 755–759 [9] Hennes AM, Theilen GH, Madewell BR et al.: Use of drugs based [3] Arrington KA, Legendre AM, Tabeling GS et al.: Comparison of on square meter of body surface area. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977; body surface area-based and weight-based dosage protocols for 171: 1076–1077 doxorubicin administration in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1994; 55: 1587– [10] Hryniuk W, Frei E 3rd, Wright FA: A single scale for comparing 1592 dose–intensity of all chemotherapy regimens in breast cancer: sum- [4] Bacon NJ, Ehrhart NP, Dernell WS et al.: Use of alternating admi- mation dose–intensity. J Clin Oncol. 1998; 16: 3137–3147 nistration of carboplatin and doxorubicin in dogs with microscopic [11] Iwasa Y, Nowak MA, Michor F: Evolution of resistance during clo- metastases after amputation for appendicular osteosarcoma: 50 nal expansion. Genetics. 2006; 172: 2557–2566 cases (1999–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232:1504–1510

[5] Bailey DB, Rassnick KM, Kristal O et al.: Phase I dose escalation of [26] Chabner BA, Loo TL: Enzyme Therapy: L-Asparaginase. In: Chabner single-agent vinblastine in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1397– BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lip- 1402 pincott-Raven, Philadelphia; 1996: 485–492 [6] Bannink EO, Sauerbrey ML, Mullins MN et al.: Actinomycin D as [27] Chu E, Allegra CJ: Antifolates. In: Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): rescue therapy in dogs with relapsed or resistant lymphoma: 49 Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadel- cases (1999–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008; 233: 446–451 phia; 1996: 109–148 [7] Barabas K, Milner R, Lurie D et al.: Cisplatin: a review of toxicities [28] Chun R, Garrett LD, Henry C et al.: Toxicity and efficacy of cisplatin and therapeutic applications. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 1–18 and doxorubicin combination chemotherapy for the treatment of [8] Bates N: Hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea) toxicity in dogs. J Small canine osteosarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 382–7 Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 216 [29] Chun R, Garrett LD, Vail MD: Cancer Chemotherapy. In Withrow [9] Bell R, Mooney CT, Mansfield CS et al.: Treatment of insulinoma SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Withrow & MacEwen’s Small Animal Clinical in a springer spaniel with streptozotocin. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; Oncology, 4. Aufl. WB Saunders, St. Louis; 2007: 163–192 46: 247–250 [30] Chun R, Knapp DW, Widmer WR et al.: Cisplatin treatment of [10] Berg J. Canine osteosarcoma: amputation and chemotherapy. Vet transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in dogs: 18 cases Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1996; 26: 111–121 (1983–1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: 1588–1591 [11] Berg J, Gebhardt MC, Rand WM: Effect of timing of postoperative [31] Chun R, Knapp DW, Widmer WR et al.: Phase II clinical trial of car- chemotherapy on survival of dogs with osteosarcoma. Cancer. boplatin in canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. 1997; 79: 1343–1350 J Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 279–283 [12] Berg J, Weinstein MJ, Schelling SH et al.: Treatment of dogs with [32] Clifford CA, Mackin AJ, Henry CJ: Treatment of Canine Hemangio- osteosarcoma by administration of cisplatin after amputation or sarcoma: 2000 and Beyond. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 479–485 limb-sparing surgery: 22 cases (1987–1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [33] Cotter SM, Kanki PJ, Simon M: Renal disease in five tumor-bearing 1992; 200: 2005–2008 cats treated with adriamycin. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985; 21: [13] Bergman PJ, MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID et al.: Amputation and 405–409 carboplatin for treatment of dogs with osteosarcoma: 48 cases [34] Cotter SM, Parker LM: High-dose methotrexate and leucovorin res- (1991 to 1993). J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 76–81 cue in dogs with osteogenic sarcoma. Am J Vet Res. 1978; 39: [14] Bortnowski HB, Rosenthal RC: Preclinical evaluation of L-asparagi- 1943–1945 nase and methotrexate administered at intermediate doses in dogs. [35] Cubeddu LX: Mechanisms by which cancer chemotherapeutic Am J Vet Res. 1991; 52: 1636–1638 drugs induce emesis. Semin Oncol. 1992; 19: 2–13 [15] Bowies CA, Lucas D: CIinical and immunological response of lym- [36] DerneIl WS, Withrow SJ, Straw RC et al.: Intracavitary treatment phoma dogs following chemotherapy and irradiation. Camp Immu- of soft tissue sarcomas in dogs using cisplatin in biodegradable not Microbiol Infect Dis. 1980; 3: 317–326 polymer. Anticancer Res. 1997; 17: 4499–4505 [16] Bowles CA, Bull M, McCormick K et al.: Autologous bone marrow [37] DerneIl WS, Withrow SJ, Straw RC et al.: Adjuvant chemotherapy transplantation following chemotherapy and irradiation in dogs using cisplatin by subcutaneous administration. In Vivo. 1997; 11: with spontaneous lymphomas. J Nat Cancer Inst. 1980; 65: 615– 345–350 620 [38] Dimski DS, Cook JR: Carmustine-induced partial remission of an [17] Boyce KL, Kitchell BE: Treatment of canine lymphoma with COPLA/ astrocytoma in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 179–182 LVP. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 395–403 [39] Dominguez PA, Dervisis NG, Cadile CD et al.: Combined gemcita- [18] Bristow MR, Sageman WS, Scott RH et al.: Acute and chronic car- bine and carboplatin therapy for carcinomas in dogs. J Vet Intern diovascular effects of doxorubicin in the dog: the cardiovascular Med. 2009; 23:130–137 pharmacology of drug-induced histamine release. J Cardiovasc Phar- [40] Donehower RC: Hydroxyurea. In: Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): macol. 1980; 2: 487–515 Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadel- [19] Brown NO, Calvert C, MacEwen EG: Chemotherapeutic manage- phia; 1996: 253–262 ment of transmissible venereal tumors in 30 dogs. J Am Vet Med [41] Dorman DC, Coddington KA, Richardson RC: 5-Fluorouracil toxi- Assoc. 1980; 176: 983–986 cosis in the dog. J Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 254–257 [20] Buhles WC Jr, Theilen GH: Preliminary evaluation of bleomycin in [42] Doroshow JH: AnthracycIines. In: Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): feline and canine squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Vet Res. 1973; 34: Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadel- 289–291 phia 1996; 409–434 [21] Bulakowski EJ, Philibert JC, Siegel S et al.: Evaluation of outcome [43] Elmslie RE, Glawe P, Dow SW: Metronomic therapy with cyclo- associated with subcutaneous and intramuscular hemangiosarcoma phosphamide and piroxicam effectively delays tumor recurrence in treated with adjuvant doxorubicin in dogs: 21 cases (2001–2006). J dogs with incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas. J Vet Intern Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 233: 122–128 Med. 2008; 22: 1373–1379 [22] Burchardt H, Glowczewskie FP Jr, Enneking WF: The effect of [44] Euler H, Rivera P, Haggstrom J et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of a new Adriamycin and methotrexate on the repair of segmental cortical formulation of Paclitaxel (Paclical® Vet) in a phase I + II study for autografts in dogs. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1983; 65: 103–108 the treatment of malignant tumours in dogs. Proc Europ Soc Vet [23] Carter RF, Harris CK, Withrow SJ et al.: Chemotherapy of canine Onc, Cambridge, UK, 2007 lymphoma with histopathological correlation: doxorubicin alone [45] Farese JP, Fox LE, Detrisac CJ et al.: Effect of thalidomide on compared to COP as first treatment regimen. J Am Anim Hosp growth and metastasis of canine osteosarcoma cells after xeno- Assoc. 1987; 23: 587–596 transplantation in athymic mice. Am J Vet Res. 2004; 65: 659–664 [24] Cave TA, Hine R, Howie F et al.: Uterine carcinoma in a 10-month- [46] Finnie JW, Wilks CR: Two cases of multiple myeloma in the dog. J old golden retriever. J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 133–135 Small Anim Pract. 1982; 23: 19–27 [25] Cave TA, Norman P, Mellor D: Cytotoxic drug use in treatment of [47] Fleischman RW, Baker JR,Thompson GR et al.: Bleomycin-induced dogs and cats with cancer by UK veterinary practices (2003 to interstitial pneumonia in dogs. Thorax. 1971; 26: 675–682 2004). J Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 371–377 [48] Flory AB, Rassnick KM, Al-Sarraf R et al.: Combination of CCNU and DTIC chemotherapy for treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 164–171

[49] Fox LE, Toshach K, Calderwood-Mays M et al.: Evaluation of toxi- [70] Hammer AS, Couto, CG, Filippi J et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of VAC cosis of liposome-encapsulated cis-bis-neodecanoato-trans-R,R- chemotherapy (vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) in 1,2–diaminocyclohexane platinum (II) in clinically normal cats. Am J dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1991; 5: 160–166 Vet Res. 1999; 60: 257–263 [71] Hardy WD Jr, Old LJ: L-asparaginase in the treatment of neoplastic [50] Friedman HS, Averbuch SD, Kurtzberg J: NoncIassic Akylating diseases of the dog, rat and cow. Recent Results. Cancer Res. 1970; Agents. In Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): Cancer Chemotherapy 33: 131–139 and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia; 1996: 333–356 [72] Harvey HJ, MacEwen EG, Hayes AA: Neurotoxicosis associated [51] Frimberger AE, Moore AS, Cotter SM et al.: Initial cIinical evalua- with use of 5-fluorouracil in five dogs and one cat. J Am Vet Med tion of ifosfamide in dogs. Proc Vet Cancer Soc, Tuscon; 1995: 25– Assoc. 1977; 171: 277–278 26 [73] Healy HG, Clarkson AG: Renal complications of cytotoxictherapy. [52] Frimberger AE, Moore AS, Schelling SH: Treatment of nephroblas- Aust NZ J Med. 1983; 13: 531–539 toma in a juvenile dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 596–598 [74] Heidner GL, Page RL, McEntee MC et al.: Treatment of canine [53] Fulton LM, Steinberg HS: Preliminary study of lomustine in the appendicular osteosarcoma using cobalt 60 radiation and intraarte- treatment of intracranial masses in dogs following localization by rial cisplatin. J Vet Intern Med. 1991; 5: 313–316

imaging techniques. Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim. 1990; 5: [75] Helfand SC: Low-dose cytosine arabinoside-induced remission of Literaturverzeichnis 241–245 lymphoblastic leukemia in a rat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 191: [54] Gerritsen RJ, Teske E, Kraus JS et al.: Multi-agent chemotherapy 707–710 for mast cell tumors in the dog. Vet Q. 1998; 20: 28–31 [76] Helfand SC, Jain NC, Paul M: Vincristine-loaded platelet therapy [55] Golden DL, Langston VC: Uses of vincristine and vinblastine in for idiopathic thrombocytopenia in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 1114–1117 1984; 185: 224–226 [56] Grant IA, Rodriguez CO, Kent MS et al.: A phase II clinical trial of [77] Henness AM, Theilen GH, Lewis JP: Clinical investigation of doxo- vinorelbine in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern rubicin, daunomycin, and 6–thioguanine in normal rats. Am J Vet Med. 2008; 22: 388–393 Res. 1977; 38: 521–524 [57] Gray KN, Raulston GL, Gleiser CA et al.: Histologic cIassification as [78] Henry CJ, McCaw DL, Turnquist SE et al.: Clinical evaluation of an indication of therapeutic response in malignant lymphoma of mitoxantrone and piroxicam in a canine model of human invasive dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 814–817 urinary bladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2003; 9: 906–911 [58] Greene SN, Lucroy MD, Greenberg CB et al.: Evaluation of cispla- [79] Himsel CA, Richardson RC, Craig JA: Cisplatin chemotherapy for tin administered with piroxicam in dogs with transitional cell carci- metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med noma of the urinary bladder. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: Assoc. 1986; 189: 1575–1578 1056–1060 [80] Hodgkins EM, Zinkl JG, MadeweIl BR: Chronic lymphocytic leuke- [59] Grem JL: 5-Flouropyrimidines. ln: Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): mia in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 177: 704–707 Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadel- [81] Horio M, Chin KV, Currier SJ et al.: Transepithelial transport of phia; 1996: 149–212 drugs by the multidrug transporter in cultured Madin-Darby canine [60] Hadden AG, Cotter SM, Rand W et al.: Efficacy and toxicosis of kidney cell epithelia. J Biol Chem. 1989; 64: 14880–14884 VELCAP-C treatment of lymphoma in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; [82] Hosoya K, Kisseberth WC, Lord LK et al.: Comparison of COAP 22: 153–157 and UW-19 protocols for dogs with multicentric lymphoma. J Vet [61] Hahn KA: Vincristine sulfate as single-agent chemotherapy in a dog Intern Med. 2007; 21: 1355–1363 and a cat with malignant neoplasms. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; [83] Hubbard BS, Vulgamott JC, Liska WD: Prostatic adenocarcinoma 197: 504–506 in a rat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 1493–1494 [62] Hahn KA, Fields A, Hultgren JL et al.: Dose response and time [84] Jankowski M, Fulton L, Sheafor S et al.: Ongoing evaluation of sin- course of carboplatin-induced micronucleated polychromatic eryth- gle agent thalidomide in dogs with measurable cancer. Proc. 9th rocytes in the cat: implications for combination carboplatin chemo- Ann Meet Vet Cancer Soc., Wood’s Hole, MA, 1999 therapy. Chemotherapy. 1997; 43: 282–287 [85] Jeffreys AB, Knapp DW, Carlton WW et al.: Influence of asparagi- [63] Hahn KA, Matlock CL: Nasal adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone nase on a combination chemotherapy protocol in dogs with malig- in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 491–495 nant lymphoma. J Am Animal Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 221–226 [64] Hahn KA, McEntee MF, Daniel GB et al.: Hematologic and syste- [86] Jeglum KA: Treatment of metastasis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim mic toxicoses associated with carboplatin administration in rats. Pract. 1985; 15: 659–666 Am J Vet Res. 1997; 58: 677–679 [87] Jones PD, de Lorimier LP, Kitchell BE et al.: Gemcitabine as a [65] Hahn KA, Richardson RC: Use of cisplatin für control of metastatic radiosensitizer for nonresectable feline oral squamous cell carci- malignant mesenchymoma and hypertrophic osteopathy in a dog. J noma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 463–467 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 351–353 [88] Kent MS, Strom A, London CA et al.: Alternating carboplatin and [66] Hamilton TA, Morrison WB: Bleomycin chemotherapy für metas- doxorubicin as adjunctive chemotherapy to amputation or limb- tatic squamous cell carcinoma in a reffet. J Am Vet Med Assoc. sparing surgery in the treatment of appendicular osteosarcoma in 1991; 198: 107–108 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 540–544 [67] Hamilton TA, Morrison WB, DeNicola DB: Cytosine arabinoside [89] Kim SE, Liptak JM, Gall TT et al.: Epirubicin in the adjuvant treat- chemotherapy für acute megakaryocytic leukemia in a rat. J Am Vet ment of splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs: 59 cases (1997–2004). J Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 359–361 Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: 1550–1557 [68] Hammer AS, Carothers MA, Harris CL et al.: Unexpected neuro- [90] Kiselow MA, Rassnick KM, McDonough SP et al.: Outcome of toxicity in dogs receiving a cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, and cats with low-grade lymphocytic lymphoma: 41 cases (1995–2005). 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy protocol. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 405–410 240–243 [91] Kisseberth WC, MacEwen EG, Helfand SC et al.: Response to lipo- [69] Hammer AS, Couto CG, Ayl RD et al.: Treatment of tumorbearing some-encapsulated doxorubicin (TLC D-99) in a dog with myeloma. dogs with actinomycin D. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 236–239 J Vet Intern Med. 1995; 9: 425–428

[92] Kisseberth WC, Vail DM, Jeglum KA et al.: Evaluation of carbopla- [114] Madeweil BR: Canine lymphoma. Vet CIin North Am Small Anim tin in tumor bearing cats: A phase I study from the veterinary onco- Pract. 1985; 15: 709–722 logy group. Proc. Vet Cancer Soc, Pacific Grove; 1996: 21 [115] Mahony OM, Moore AS, Cotter SM et al.: Alimentary lymphoma [93] Kisseberth WC, Vail DM, Yaissle J et al.: Phase I Clinical Evaluation in cats: 28 cases (1988–1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: of Carboplatin in Tumor-Bearing Cats: A Veterinary Cooperative 1593–1598 Oncology Group Study. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 83–88 [116] Marconato L, Bettini G, Giacoboni C et al.: Clinicopathological fea- [94] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, Bonney PL et al.: Cisplatin therapy in tures and outcome for dogs with mast cell tumors and bone mar- 41 dogs with malignant tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 41–46 row involvement. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1001–1007 [95] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, DeNicola DB et al.: Cisplatin toxicity [117] Marconato L, Bonfanti U, Stefanello D et al.: Cytosine arabinoside in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1987; 1: 29–35 in addition to VCAA-based protocols for the treatment of canine [96] Kosarek CE, Kisseberth WC, Gallant SL et al.: Clinical evaluation lymphoma with bone marrow involvement: does it make the diffe- of gemcitabine in dogs with spontaneously occurring malignancies. rence? Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 80–89 J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 81–86. ) [118] Marconato L, Lorenzo RM, Abramo F et al.: Adjuvant gemcitabine [97] Langova V, Mutsaers AJ, Phillips B et al.: Treatment of eight dogs after surgical removal of aggressive malignant mammary tumours with nasal tumours with alternating doses of doxorubicin and car- in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 90–101 boplatin in conjunction with oral piroxicam. Aust Vet J. 2004; 82: [119] Matus RE, Leifer CE: Immunoglobulin-producing tumors. Vet CIin 676–680 North Am Small Anim Pract. 1985; 15: 741–753 [98] Lazo JS, Chabner BA: Bleomycin. In: Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): [120] Matus RE, Leifer CE, MacEwen EG et al.: Prognostic factors for Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadel- multiple myeloma in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: phia 1996; 379–394 1288–1292 [99] LeBlanc AK, Cox SK, Kirk CA et al.: Effects of L-asparaginase on [121] Mauldin GE, Fox PR, Patnaik AK et al.: Doxorubicin-induced car- plasma amino acid profiles and tumor burden in cats with lym- diotoxicosis. Clinical features in 32 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: phoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 760–763 82–88 [100] LeBlanc AK, LaDue TA, Turrel JM et al.: Unexpected toxicity [122] Mauldin GN, Matus RE, Patnaik AK et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of following use of gemcitabine as a radiosensitizer in head and neck doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide used in the treatment of selec- carcinomas: a veterinary radiation therapy oncology group pilot ted malignant tumors in 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 60–65 study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 466–470 [123] Mauldin GN, Matus RE, Withrow SJ et al.: Canine osteosarcoma. [101] Leifer CE, Matus RE: Chronic Iymphocytic leukemia in the dog: 22 Treatment by amputation versus amputation and adjuvant chemo- cases (1974–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 189: 214–217 therapy using doxorubicin and cisplatin. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: [102] Leifer CE, Matus RE: Lymphoid leukemia in the dog. Acute Iym- 177–180 phoblastic leukemia and chronic Iymphocytic leukemia. Vet Clin [124] Medleau L, Dawe DL, Calvert CA: Immunosuppressive effects of North Am Small Anim Pract. 1985; 15: 723–739 cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and L-asparaginase in dogs. Am J [103] Loar AS, Susaneck SJ: Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in five Vet Res. 1983; 44: 176–180 dogs. Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim. 1986; 1: 68–71 [125] Minchin RF, Johnston MR, Aiken MA et al.: Pharmacokinetics of [104] MacDonald VS, Thamm DH, Kurzman ID et al.: Does L-Asparagi- doxorubicin in isolated lung of dogs and humans perfused in vivo. J nase influence efficacy or toxicity when added to a standard CHOP Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1984; 229: 193–198 protocol for dogs with lymphoma? J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: [126] Minchinton AI, Fryer KH, Wendt KR et al.: The effect of thalido- 732–736 mide on experimental tumors and metastases. Anticancer Drugs. [105] MacEwen EG, Brown NO, Patnaik AK et al.: Cyclic combination 1996; 7: 339–343 chemotherapy of canine Iymphosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [127] Moore AS, Cotter SM, Frimberger AE et al.: A comparison of 1981; 178: 1178–1181 doxorubicin and COP for maintenance of remission in rats with lym- [106] MacEwen EG, Drazner FH, McCIeiland AJ et al.: Treatment of phoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 372–375 basophilic leukemia in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1975; 166: 376– [128] Moore AS, London CA, Frimberger AE et al.: Preliminary report of 380 lomustine (CCNU) for the treatment of relapsed lymphoma in dogs. [107] MacEwen EG, Hayes AA, Matus RE et al.: Evaluation of same prog- Proc Vet Cancer Soc, Tuscon. 1995; 39–40 nostic factors for advanced multicentric Iymphosarcoma in the dog: [129] Moore AS, Nelson RW, Henry CJ et al.: Streptozocin for treatment 147 cases (1978–1981). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 564–568 of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs: 17 cases (1989–1999). J Am [108] MacEwen EG, Hurvitz AI: Diagnosis and management of monoclo- Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 221: 811–818 nal gammopathies. Vet CIin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1977; 7: [130] Moore AS, Ogilvie GK, Ruslander D et al.: Evaluation of mitoxant- 119–132 rone for the treatment of lymphoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [109] MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID. Canine osteosarcoma: amputation 1994; 204: 1903–1905 and chemoimmunotherapy. Vet CIin North Am Small Anim Pract. [131] Moore AS, Ogilvie GK, Vail DM: Actinomycin D for reinduction of 1996; 26: 123–133 remission in dogs with resistant lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; [110] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI et al.: Nonsecretory multiple 8: 343–344 myeloma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 1283–1286 [132] Moore AS, Ruslander D, Cotter SM et al.: Efficacy of, and toxico- [111] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Johnson GF et al.: Extramedullary plas- ses associated with, oral idarubicin administration in cats with neo- macytoma of the gastrointestinaltract in two dogs. J Am Vet Med plasia. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206:1550–1554 Assoc. 1984; 184: 1396–1398 [133] Morrison WB, Vonderhaar MA, Hamilton TA et al.: Pancreatitis [112] MacEwen EG, Rosenthal RC, Fox LE et al.: Evaluation of L-asparagi- associated with cytotoxic drug therapy for malignant neoplasia in nase: polyethylene glycol conjugate versus native L-asparaginase dogs. Proc Vet Cancer Soc, Minneapolis 1991; 73 combined with chemotherapy. A randomized double-blind study in [134] Murphy S, Hayes A, Adams V et al.: Role of carboplatin in multi- canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 230–234 modality treatment of canine tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma, a [113] Macy DW, Ensley BA, GilIette EL: In vitra susceptibility of canine case series of five dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 216–220 tumor stern cells to doxorubicin. Am J Vet Res. 1988; 49: 1903– 1905

[135] Myers NC 3rd, Moore AS, Rand WM et al.: Evaluation of multi- [156] Poirier VJ, Burgess KE, Adams WM et al.: Toxicity, dosage, and drug chemotherapy protocol (ACOPA II) in dogs with lymphoma. J efficacy of vinorelbine (Navelbine) in dogs with spontaneous neo- Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 333–339 plasia. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 536–539 [136] Nagashima N, Kano R, Hirai A et al.: Acute monocytic leukaemia [157] Poirier VJ, Hershey AE, Burgess KE et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of in a cat. Vet Rec. 2005; 157: 347–349 Paclitaxel (Taxol) for the treatment of canine malignant tumors. J [137] Neuweit, EA, Glasberg M, Frenkel E et al.: Neurotoxicity of che- Vet Intern Med. 2004: 18; 219–222 motherapeutic agents after blood-brain barrier modification: neu- [158] Poirier VJ, Thamm DH, Kurzman ID et al.: Liposome-encapsulated ropathological studies. Ann Neurol. 1983; 14: 316–324 doxorubicin (Doxil) and doxorubicin in the treatment of vaccine- [138] OgiIvie GK, Fettman MJ, Jameson VJ et al.: Evaluation of a one- associated sarcoma in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 726–731 hour saline diuresis protocol for administration of cisplatin to dogs. [159] Polton GA, Elwood CM: Pulmonary oedema as a suspected adverse Am J Vet Res. 1992; 53: 1666–1669 drug reaction following vincristine administration to a cat: a case [139] OgiIvie GK, Krawiec DR, Gelberg HB et al.: Evaluation of a short- report. Vet J. 2008; 177: 130–133 term saline diuresis protocol for the administration of cisplatin. Am [160] Postorino, NC, Susaneck SJ, Withrow SJ et al.: Single agent the- J Vet Res. 1988; 49: 1076–1078 rapy with adriamycin for canine lymphosarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp – [140] OgiIvie GK, Powers BE, Mallinckrodt CH et al.: Surgery and doxo- Assoc. 1989; 25: 221 225 Literaturverzeichnis rubicin in dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: [161] Price, GS, Page RL, Fischer BM et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of doxo- 379–384 rubicin/cyclophosphamide maintenance therapy in dogs with multi- [141] Ogilvie GK, Atwater SK, Ciekot PA: Prevalence of anaphylaxis asso- centric Iymphosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1991; 5: 259–262 ciated wirb the intramuscular administration of L-asparaginase to [162] Puente-Redondo de la VA, Tilt N, Rowan TG et al.: Efficacy of 81 dogs with cancer: 1989–1991. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intra- 62–65 venous infusion of cisplatin in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2007; 68: 48–56 [142] Ogilvie GK, Felsburg PJ, Harris CW: Short-term effect of cyclopho- [163] Rassnick KM, Bailey DB, Flory AB et al.: Efficacy of vinblastine for sphamide and azathioprine on selected aspects of the canine blas- treatment of canine mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: togenic response. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1988; 18: 119–127 1390–1396 [143] Ogilvie GK, Obradovich JE, Elmslie RE et al.: Toxicoses associated [164] Rassnick KM, Bailey DB, Malone EK et al.: Comparison between L- wirth administration of mitoxantrone to dogs wirth malignant CHOP and an L-CHOP protocol with interposed treatments of CCNU tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 1613–1617 and MOPP (L-CHOP-CCNU-MOPP) for lymphoma in dogs. Vet Comp [144] Ogilvie GK, Reynolds HA, Richardson RC et al.: Phase II evaluation Oncol. 2010; 8: 243–253 of doxorubicin for treatment of various canine neoplasms. J Am Vet [165] Rassnick KM, Frimberger AE, Wood CA et al.: Evaluation of Ifosfa- Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1580–1583 mide for treatment of various canine neoplasms, J Vet Intern Med. [145] Ogilvie GK, Richardson RC, Curtis CR et al.: Acute and short-term 2000; 14: 271 toxicoses associated with the administration of doxorubicin to dogs [166] Rassnick KM, Gieger TL, Williams LE et al.: Phase I evaluation of with malignant tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1584– CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2001; 1587 15: 196–199 [146] Ogilvie GK, Straw RC, Jameson VJ et al.: Evaluation of single-agent [167] Rassnick KM, Mauldin GE, Al-Sarraf R et al.: MOPP chemotherapy chemotherapy for treatment of clinically evident osteosarcoma for treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs: a retrospective study metastases in dogs: 45 cases (1987–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. of 117 cases (1989–2000). J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 576–580 1993; 202: 304–306 [168] Rassnick KM, Moore AS, Collister KE et al.: Efficacy of combina- [147] Ogilvie GK, Vail DM, Klein MK et al.: Weekly administration of tion chemotherapy for treatment of gastrointestinal lymphoma in low-dose doxorubicin for treatment of malignant lymphoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 317–322 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 1762–1764 [169] Rassnick KM, Rodriguez CO, Khanna C et al.: Results of a phase II [148] OʼKeefe DA, Schaeffer DJ: Hematologic toxicosis associated with clinical trial on the use of ifosfamide for treatment of cats with vac- doxorubicin administration in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 276– cine-associated sarcomas, Am J Vet Res. 2006; 67: 517 282 [170] Rassnick KM, Williams LE, Kristal O et al.: Lomustine for treat- [149] OʼKeefe DA, Sisson DD, Gelberg HB et al.: Systemic toxicity asso- ment of mast cell tumors in cats: 38 cases (1999–2005). J Am Vet ciated with doxorubicin administration in cats. J Vet Intern Med. Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 1200–1205 1993; 7: 309–317 [171] Reiman RA, Mauldin GE, Mauldin NG: A comparison of toxicity of [150] Old LJ, Boyse EA, Campbell HA et al.: Treatment of lymphosar- two dosing schemes for doxorubicin in the cat. J Feline Med Surg. coma in the dog with L-asparaginase. Cancer. 1967; 20: 1066–1070 2008; 10: 324–331 [151] Page RL, Macy DW, Thrall DE et al.: Unexpected toxicity associa- [172] Ricci Lucas SR, Pereira Coelho BM, Marquezi ML et al.: Carmus- ted with use of body surface area for dosing melphalan in the dog. tine, vincristine, and prednisone in the treatment of canine lympho- Cancer Res. 1988; 48: 288–290 sarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 292–299 [152] Page RL, McEntee MC, George SL et al.: Pharmacokinetic and [173] Risbon RE, de Lorimier LP, Skorupski K et al.: Response of canine phase I evaluation of carboplatin in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1993; 7: cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma to lomustine (CCNU): a retro- 235–240 spective study of 46 cases (1999–2004). J Vet Intern Med. 2006; [153] Page RL, Thrall DE, Dewhirst MW et al.: Phase I study of melpha- 20: 1389–1397 lan alone and melphalan plus whole body hyperthermia in dogs [174] Riviere JE, Page RL, Aucoin DP et al.: Effect of hyperthermia on with malignant melanoma. Int J Hyperthermia. 1991; 7: 559–566 the in vitra hydrolysis of melphalan. Int J Hyperthermia. 1991; 7: [154] Perkins M, Watson A: Successful treatment of hypereosinophilic 527–529 syndrome in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2001; 79: 686–689 [175] Rogers KS: L-asparaginase for treatment of lymphoid neoplasia in [155] Phillips B, Powers BE, Dernell WS et al.: Use of single-agent car- dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 1626–1630 boplatin as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy in conjunction with [176] Rogers KS, Barton CL, Benson PA et al.: Effects of single-dose amputation for appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs. J Am Anim L-asparaginase on coagulation values in healthy dogs and dogs with Hosp Assoc. 2009; 45: 33–38 lymphoma. Am J Vet Res. 1992; 53: 580–584

[177] Rohrig KE: Acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a dog. J Am Vet Med [198] Spugnini EP, Citro G, Mellone P et al.: Electrochemotherapy for Assoc. 1983; 182: 137–141 localized lymphoma: a preliminary study in companion animals. J [178] Rosenthal RC: Clinical applications of Vinca-alkaloids. J Am Vet Med Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2007; 26: 343–346 Assoc. 1981; 179: 1084–1086 [199] Spugnini EP, Crispi S, Scarabello A et al.: Piroxicam and intracavi- [179] Rowinsky K, Dowenhowe RC: Antimicrotubule Agents. In: Chab- tary platinum-based chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced ner SA, Longo DL (Hrsg.): Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. mesothelioma in pets: preliminary observations. J Exp Clin Cancer Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia; 1996: 263–296 Res. 2008; 27: 6 [180] Ruslander D, Moore AS, Gliatto JM et al.: Cytosine arabinoside as [200] Spugnini EP, Dotsinsky I, Mudrov N et al.: Adjuvant electroche- a single agent for the induction of remission in canine lymphoma. motherapy for incompletely excised anal sac carcinoma in a dog. In J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 299–301 Vivo. 2008; 22: 47–49 [181] Saba CF, Thamm DH, Vail DM: Combination chemotherapy with [201] Spugnini EP, Dotsinsky I, Mudrov N et al.: Biphasic pulses L-asparaginase, lomustine, and prednisone for relapsed or refractory enhance bleomycin efficacy in a spontaneous canine perianal canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 127–132 tumors model. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2007; 26: 483–487 [182] Schaeppi U, Phelan R, Stadnicki SW et al.: Pulmonary fibrosis fol- [202] Spugnini EP, Dotsinsky I, Mudrov N et al.: Electrochemotherapy- lowing multiple treatment with bleomycin (NSC-125066) in dogs. induced radiation recall in a cat. In Vivo. 2008; 22: 751–753 Cancer Chemother Rep. 1974; 58: 301–310 [203] Spugnini EP, Vincenzi B, Baldi F et al.: Adjuvant electrochemothe- [183] Schaeppi U, Thompson GR, Fleischman RW et al.: Preclinical toxi- rapy for the treatment of incompletely resected canine mast cell cologic evaluation of bleomycin (NSC-125066) in rhesus monkeys. tumors. Anticancer Res. 2006; 26: 4585–4589 Cancer Chemother Rep. 1973; 4: 31–39 [204] Spugnini EP, Vincenzi B, Citro G et al.: Adjuvant electrochemothe- [184] Schoster JV, Wyman M: Remission orbital sarcoma in a dog, using rapy for the treatment of incompletely excised spontaneous canine doxorubicin therapy. Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978; 172: 1101–1103 sarcomas. In Vivo. 2007; 21: 819–822 [185] Seo KW, Choi US, Jung YC et al.: Palliative intravenous cisplatin [205] Stanclift RM, Gilson SD: Use of cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and treatment for concurrent peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma in a second-look laparotomy for the management of gastrointestinal dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 201–204 adenocarcinoma in three dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 225: 1412–1417 [186] Sersa G, Miklavcic D, Cemazar M et al.: Electrochemotherapy in treatment of tumours. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008; 34: 232–240 [206] Stanton ME, Legendre AM: Effects of cycIophosphamide in dogs and cats. Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: 1319–1322 [187] Shapiro W, Kitchell BE, Fossum TW et al.: Cisplatin for treatment of transitional cell and squamous cell carcinomas in dogs. J Am Vet [207] Stein E: Data on toxicity and various therapeutic results of antineo- Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 1530–1533 plastic antibiotics in the dog. Tierärztl Prax. 1973; 1: 445–456 [188] Siedlecki CT, Kass PH, Jakubiak MJ et al.: Evaluation of an actino- [208] Stolwijk JA, Minke JM, Rutteman GR et al.: Feline mammary carci- mycin-D-containing combination chemotherapy protocol with nomas as a model for human breast cancer. II. Comparison of in extended maintenance therapy for canine lymphoma. Can Vet J. vivo and in vitra adriamycin sensitivity. Anticancer Res. 1989; 9: 2006; 47: 52–59 1045–1048 [189] Simon D, Eberle N, Laacke-Singer L et al.: Combination chemo- [209] Story MD, Voehringer DW, Stephens LC et al.: L-asparaginase kills therapy in feline lymphoma: treatment outcome, tolerability, and lymphoma cells by apoptosis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993; duration in 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 394–400 32: 129–133 [190] Simon D, Moreno SN, Hirschberger J et al.: Efficacy of a conti- [210] Straw RC, Withrow SJ, Douple EB et al.: Effects of cisdiamminedi- nuous, multiagent chemotherapeutic protocol versus a short-term chloroplatinum II released tram D, L-polylactic acid implanted adja- single-agent protocol in dogs with lymphoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. cent to cortical allografts in dogs. J Orthop Res. 1994; 12: 871–877 2008; 232: 879–885 [211] Swanson JF, Morgan S, Green RA et al.: Cerebral thrombosis and [191] Simon D, Nolte I, Eberle N et al.: Treatment of dogs with lym- hemorrhage in association with L-asparaginase administration. J Am phoma using a 12–week, maintenance-free combination chemo- Anim Hosp Assoc. 1986; 22: 749–755 therapy protocol. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 948–954 [212] Takeuchi Y, Matsuura S, Fujino Y et al.: Hypereosinophilic synd- [192] Simon D, Schoenrock D, Baumgärtner W et al.: Postoperative rome in two cats. J Vet Med Sci. 2008; 70: 1085–1089 adjuvant treatment of invasive malignant mammary gland tumors [213] Tamura S, Tamura Y, Ohoka A et al.: A canine case of skull base in dogs with doxorubicin and docetaxel. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: meningioma treated with hydroxyurea. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 1184–1190 1313–1315 [193] Skorupski KA, Clifford CA, Paoloni MC et al.: CCNU for the treat- [214] Teske E, Ruttemann GR, Hirschberger J: Randomized controlled ment of dogs with histiocytic sarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: clinical trial to test the efficacy of liposome encapsulated doxorubi- 121–126 cin as an adjuvant therapy in dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma. [194] Skorupski KA, Durham AC, Duda L et al.: Pulmonary fibrosis after Proc. 14. JT FG Innere Medizin und klinische Labordiagnostik DVG, high cumulative dose nitrosurea chemotherapy in a cat. Vet Comp München. 2006; 45. Oncol. 2008; 6: 120–125 [215] Teske E, Rutteman GR, van Heerde P et al.: Polyethyleneglycol-L- [195] Solcia E, Ballerini L, Bellini O et al.: Cardiomyopathy of doxorubi- asparaginase versus native L-asparaginase in canine non-Hodgkinʼs cin in experimental animals, Factors affecting the severity, distribu- lymphoma. Eur J Cancer. 1990; 26: 891–895 tion and evolution of myocardial lesions. Tumori. 1981; 67: 461– [216] Teske E, van Heerde P, Rutteman GR et al.: Prognostic factors for 472 treatment of malignant lymphoma in dogs. J AmVet Med Assoc. [196] Spugnini EP, Baldi A, Vincenzi B et al.: Intraoperative versus post- 1994; 205: 1722–1728 operative electrochemotherapy in high grade soft tissue sarcomas: [217] Tew K, Colvin OM: Alkylating Agents. In: Chabner BA, Longo DL a preliminary study in a spontaneous feline model. Cancer Chemo- (Hrsg.): Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy. Lippincott-Raven, ther Pharmacol. 2007; 59: 375–381 Philadelphia 1996; 297–332 [197] Spugnini EP, Citro G, Dotsinsky I et al.: Ganglioneuroblastoma in [218] Tham P, Dougherty W, Iatropoulos MJ et al.: The effect of mito- a cat: a rare neoplasm treated with electrochemotherapy. Vet J. xantrone treatment in beagle dogs previously treated with mini- 2008; 178: 291–293 mally cardiotoxic doses of doxorubicin. Am J Pathol. 1987; 128: 121–130

[219] Thamm DH, Vail DM: Anticancer Drugs: New Drugs, Kirk’s current 9.3 Sichere Handhabung von Chemotherapeutika vet therapy XIV. 2009; 311–314 [1] Anwar WA, Salama SI, Serafy MM: Chromosomal aberrations and [220] Thamm DH, Vail DM: Preclinical evaluation of a sterically stabilized micronucleus frequency in nurses occupationally exposed to cyto- liposome-encapsulated cisplatin in clinically normal cats. Am J Vet toxic drugs. Mutagenesis. 1994; 9: 315–317 Res. 1998; 59: 286–289 [2] Berdel, W.E., Fink U, Rastetter J: Umgang mit Zytostatika. Münch [221] Theon AP, VanVechten MK, MadeweIl BR: Intratumoral administ- Med Wschr. 1987; 129: 319–324 ration of carboplatin for treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of [3] Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrts- the nasal plane in cats. Am J Vet Res. 1996; 57: 205–210 pflege: Zytostatika im Gesundheitsdienst. Informationen zur siche- [222] Thompson GR, Baker JR, Fleischman RW et al.: Preclinical toxico- ren Handhabung von Zytostatika., Hamburg, Nr. M 620, 2009.b logic evaluation of bleomycin (NSC 125066), a new antitumor anti- http://www.bgwonline.de/internet/generator/Inhalt/OnlineInhalt/ – biotic. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1972; 22: 544 555 Medientypen/bgw_20themen/M620_Zytostatika__im__Gesund- [223] Thompson JP, Fugent MJ: Evaluation of survival times after limb heitsdienst,property=pdfDownload.pdf amputation, with and without subsequent administration of cispla- [4] Bonney, PL, Knapp DW: Chemotherapy safety: A guide for veteri- tin, for treatment of appendicular osteo-sarcoma in dogs: 30 cases nary practitioners. Newsletter Vet Cancer Soc. 1993; 17: 10–11 – –

(1979 1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 531 533 Literaturverzeichnis [5] Connor TH, Anderson RW, Sessink PJ et al.: Surface contamina- [224] Thrall MA: Lymphoproliferative disorders. Lymphocytic leukemia tion with antineoplastic agents in six cancer treatment centers in and plasma cell myeloma. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. Canada and the United States. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1999; 56: – 1981; 11: 321 347 1427–1432 [225] Tilmant LL, Gorman NT, Ackerman N et al.: Chemotherapy of [6] Chun RA, Garrett LD, Vail DM: Cancer Chemotherapy. In: Withrow synovial cell sarcoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: SJ, Vail DM. (Hrsg.) Small animal clinical oncology. 4. Auflg., Saun- – 530 532 ders Elsevier St Louis 2007, 163–210 [226] Trevor PB, Saunders GK, Waldron DR et al.: Metastatic extrame- [7] Dickinson KL, Ogilvie GK: Safe handling and administration of che- dullary plasmacytoma of the colon and rectum in a dog. J Am Vet motherapeutic agents in veterinary medicine. In: Bonagura JD – Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 406 409 (Hrsg.): Kirks Current Veterinary Therapy XII. Small Animal Practice. [227] Turner AI, Hahn KA, Rusk A et al.: Single agent gemcitabine che- W.B. Saunders Co, Philadelphia 1995; S. 475–478 motherapy in dogs with spontaneously occurring lymphoma. J Vet [8] Dietrich R: Zytostatika-Richtlinie der Länder. Dtsch Apoth Ztg. – Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1384 1388 1998; 138: 48–68 [228] Valerius KD, Ogilvie GK, Fettman MJ et al.: Comparison of the [9] Dranitsaris G, Johnston M, Poirier S et al.: Are health care provi- effects of asparaginase administered subcutaneously versus intra- ders who work with cancer drugs at an increased risk for toxic muscularly for treatment of multicentric lymphoma in dogs recei- events? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. J – ving doxorubicin. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 353 356 Oncol Pharm Pract. 2005; 11: 69–78 [229] Valerius KD, Ogilvie GK, Mallinckrodt CH et al.: Doxorubicin [10] Ensslin AS, Huber R, Pethran A et al.: Biological monitoring of hos- alone or in combination with asparaginase, followed by cyclophos- pital pharmacy personnel occupationally exposed to cytostatic phamide, vincristine, and prednisone for treatment of multicentric drugs: urinary excretion and cytogenetics studies. Int Arch Occup – lymphoma in dogs: 121 cases (1987 1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Environ Health. 1997; 70: 205–208 1997; 210: 512–516 [11] Ensslin AS, Pethran A, Schierl R et al.: Urinary platinum in hospital [230] Van Vechten M, Helfand SC, Jeglum KA: Treatment of relapsed personnel occupationally exposed to platinum-containing antineo- canine lymphoma with doxorubicin and dacarbazine. J Vet Intern plastic drugs. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1994; 65: 339–342 Med. 1990; 4: 187–191 [12] Ensslin AS, Stoll Y, Pethran A et al.: Biological monitoring of cyclo- [231] Verweij J, Schellens JHM, Loo TL et al.: Antitumor Antibiotics. In: phosphamide and ifosfamide in urine of hospital personnel occupa- Chabner BA, Longo DL (Hrsg): Cancer Chemotherapy and Biothe- tionally exposed to cytostatic drugs. Occup Environ Med. 1994; 51: – rapy. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia; 1996: 395 408 229–233 [232] Vickery KR, Wilson H, Vail DM et al.: Dose-escalating vinblastine [13] European College of Veterinary Internal Medicine – Companion for the treatment of canine mast cell tumor. Vet Comp Oncol. Animals (ECVIM-CA): Guidelines for preventing occupational and – 2008; 6: 111 119 environmental exposure to cytotoxic drugs in veterinary medicine, [233] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Thamm DH et al.: Evaluation Juli 2007. http://www.ecvimca.org/Documents/oncol2007/Guide- of prognostic markers for canine mast cell tumors treated with lines%20ECVIM%20Hazards%20Cytotoxic%20drugs%202nd%20ver- vinblastine and prednisone. BMC Vet Res. 2008; 13: 32 sion%20July%202007.pdf [234] Weiden PL, Starb R, Deeg HJ et al.: Prolonged disease free survival [14] Evans RM: Guidelines for handling parenteral antineoplastics. J Am in dogs with lymphoma after total-body irradiation and autologous Med Assoc. 1985; 253: 1590–1592 marrow transplantation consolidation of combination-chemothe- [15] Favier B, Gilles L, Gesage M et al.: Analysis of cyclophosphamide – rapy-induced remissions. Blood. 1979; 54: 1039 1049 in the urine of antineoplastic drug handlers. Bull Cancer. 2003; 90: [235] Weller RE, Theilen GH, MadeweIl BR: Chemotherapeutic respon- 905–909 ses in dogs with lymphosarcoma and hypercalcemia. J Am Vet Med [16] Favier B, Gilles L, Latour JF et al.: Contamination of syringe plun- – Assoc. 1982; 181: 891 893 gers during the sampling of cyclophosphamide solutions. J Oncol [236] Wood CA, Moore AS, Frimberger AE et al.: Phase I evaluation of Pharm Practice. 2005; 11: 1–5 carboplatin in tumor hearing cats. Proc Vet Cancer Soc, Pacific [17] Favier B, Gilles L, Ardiet C et al.: External contamination of vials – Grove; 1996: 39 40 containing cytotoxic agents supplied by pharmaceutical manufactu- [237] Woods JP, Mathews KA, Binnington AG: Thalidomide for the rers. J Oncol Pharm Practice. 2003; 9: 15–20 treatment of hemangiosarcoma in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. 2004; 2: [18] Fransmann WR, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H: Dermal exposure to – 108 109 cyclophosphamide in hospitals during preparation, nursing and [238] Wray JD: Methaemoglobinaemia caused by hydroxycarbamide cleaning activities. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2005; 78, 403– (hydroxyurea) ingestion in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 441 211–215

[19] Goloni-Bertollo EM, Tajara EH, Manzato AJ et al.: Sister chroma- [41] Sessink PJ, Connor TH, Jorgenson JA et al.: Reduction in surface tid exchanges and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of nur- contamination with antineoplastic drugs in 22 hospital pharmacies ses handling antineoplastic drugs. Int J Cancer. 1992; 50: 341–344 in the US following implementation of a closed-system drug trans- [20] Grajny AE, Cristie D, Tichy AM et al.: Chemotherapy: how safe for fer device. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2011; 17: 39–48 the caregiver? Home Healthcare Nurse. 1993; 11: 51–58 [42] Siderov J, Kirsa S, McLauchlan R: Reducing workplace cytotoxic [21] Grummt T, Grummt H-J, Schott G: Chromosomal aberrations in surface contamination using a closed-system drug transfer device. J peripheral lymphocytes of nurses and physicians handling antineo- Oncol Pharm Pract. 2010; 16: 19–25 plastic drugs. Mutat Res. 1993; 302: 19–24 [43] Simon D, Mohring S, Knobloch A et al.: Analysis of residues in [22] Hamscher G, Mohring SA, Knobloch A et al.: Determination of saliva and hair of dogs receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy: first drug residues in urine of dogs receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy results. Proc. Ann Meeting ESVONC, Turin, 2010 by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization- tandem mass [44] Sotaniemi EA, Sutinen S, Arranto AJ et al.: Liver damage in nurses spectrometry: is there an environmental or occupational risk? J Anal handling cytostatic agents. Acta Med Scand. 1983; 214: 181–189 Toxicol. 2010; 34: 142–148 [45] Stücker I, Caillard J-F, Collin R et al.: Risk of spontaneous abortion [23] International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practicioners Stan- among nurses handling antineoplastic drugs. Scand J Work Environ dards Committee: ISOPP standards of practice. Safe handling of Health. 1990; 16: 102–107 cytotoxics. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2007; 13 Suppl: 1–81 [46] Valanis BG, Vollmer WM, Labuhn KT et al.: Acute symptoms asso- [24] Jost M, Rüegger M, Liechti B et al.: Umgang mit Zytostatika: ciated with antineoplastic drug handling among nurses. Cancer Gefährdung, Schutzmaßnahmen. Schweizerische Unfallversiche- Nurs. 1993; 16: 288–295 rungsgesellschaft SUVA, Luzern 1995; Nr. 18 [47] Vandenbroucke J, Robays H: How to Protect Environment and [25] Kandel-Tschiederer B, Kessler M, Schwietzer A et al.: Reduction Employees Against Cytotoxic Agents. The Ghent Experience, J Oncol of workplace contamination with platinum containing cytostatic Pharm Practice. 2001; 6: 146–152 drugs in a veterinary hospital by introduction of a closed chemothe- [48] Wick C, Slawson MH, Jorgenson JA, Tyler LS: Using a closed-sys- rapy application system. Vet Rec. 2010 166: 822–825 tem protective device to reduce personnel exposure to antineoplas- [26] Kiffmeyer TK, Kube C, Opiolka S et al.: Vapour pressure, evapora- tic agents. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2003; 60: 2314–2320 tion behavior and air borne concentration of hazardous drugs; Implication for occupational safety. Pharm J. 2000; 268: 331–337 9.4 Rechtliche Aspekte bei der Anwendung von [27] Knobloch A, Mohring S, Eberle N et al.: Analysis of drug residues Zytostatika in der Tierarztpraxis in serum of dogs receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 379–383 [1] Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Arzneimitteln (Arzneimittelgesetz), [28] Knobloch A, Mohring S, Eberle N et al.: Analysis of drug residues Fassung vom 12. Dezember 2005, Bundesgesetzblatt I, Seite 3394. in urine of dogs receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy. J Vet Intern http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/amg_1976/index.html Med. 2010; 24: 384–390 [2] Österreichisches Bundesgesetz vom 02. März 1983 über die Her- [29] Labuhn K, Valanis B, Schoeny R et al.: Nursesʼ and pharmacists stellung und das Inverkehrbringen von Arzneimitteln (Arzneimittel- exposure to antineoplastic drugs: Findings from industrial hygiene gesetz), Bundesgesetzblatt Nr. 181/1983. http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/ scans and urine mutagenicity tests. Cancer Nursing. 1998; 21: 79– GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnum- 89 mer=10010441 [30] Lassila O, Toivanen A, Nordman E: Immune function in nurses [3] Schweizer Bundesgesetz über Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte handling cytostatic drugs. Lancet. 1980; 2: 482 (Heilmittelgesetz), Fassung vom 15. Dezember 2000. http://www. admin.ch/ch/d/sr/c812_21.html [31] Lovejoy N, Powers L, Flessel P et al.: Mutagenicity in urine of hospital workers who prepare and administer chemotherapy agents. [4] Verordnung über die Verschreibungspflicht von Arzneimitteln (Arz- EMS Abstracts. 1985; 7 neimittelverschreibungsverordnung), Fassung vom 21. Dezember 2005, Bundesgesetzblatt I, Seite 3632. http://www.gesetze-im- [32] Mayer DK: Hazards of chemotherapy. Cancer. 1992; 70: 988–992 internet.de/amvv/index.html [33] Morrison WB: Chemotherapy Safety. In: Hahn KA, Richardson RC [5] Verornung über tierärztliche Hausapotheken (Tierärztliche Haus- (Hrsg.): Cancer Chemotherapy. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore 1995; apothekenverordnung), Fassung vom 27. März 1996, Bundesge- 63–75 setzblatt I, Seite 554. http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/t_hav/ [34] Neiger R: Richtlinien für die Handhabung antineoplastischer Che- index.html. motherapeutika. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk.1996; 138: 383–386 [6] Richtlinie 98/24/EG des Rates vom 7. April 1998 zum Schutz von [35] Niklasson B, Bjorkner B, Hansen L: Occupational contact dermati- Gesundheit und Sicherheit der Arbeitnehmer vor der Gefährdung tis from antitumor agent intermediates. Contact Dermatitis. 1990; durch chemische Arbeitsstoffe bei der Arbeit, Amtsblatt der Euro- – 22: 233 235 päischen Gemeinschaften, L 131/11. http://eurlex.europa.eu/Lex [36] Ogilvie GK: Chemotherapy. In: Withrow SJ, MacEwen EG (Hrsg.): UriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:1998:131:0011:0023:DE:PDF. Small Animal Clinical Oncology, 2. Aufl. WB Saunders, Philadelphia [7] Verordnung zum Schutz vor Gefahrstoffen (Gefahrstoffverord- – 1996; 70 86 nung), Fassung vom 23. Dezember 2004, Bundesgesetzblatt I, Sei- [37] Ogilvie GK, Moore AS: Managing the veterinary cancer patient. ten 3758-9. http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/gefstoffv_2005/ Veterinary Learning System, Trenton, NJ 1995; 53–57 index.html [38] Peelen S, Roeleveld N, Heederik D et al.: Toxic effects on repro- [8] Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe 525 – Umgang mit Gefahrstof- duction in hospital personnel. 1999; Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs fen in Einrichtungen der humanmedizinischen Versorgung, Heraus- and Employment geber: Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Dort- [39] Sessink PJM, Verplanke AJW, Herber RFM et al.: Occupational mund, Mai 1998. http://www.baua.de/cln_137/sid_18C607F564 exposure to antineoplastic agents and parameters for renal dys- EFBF22CA7114D6AE85A071/de/Themen-von-A-Z/Gefahrstoffe/ function. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1997; 69: 215–218 TRGS/TRGS-525.html [40] Sessink PJM, Kroese ED, van Kranen HJ et al.: Cancer risk assess- [9] Sichere Handhabung von Zytostatika, Herausgeber: Bundesverband ment for health care workers occupationally exposed to cyclophos- der Unfallkassen, Berlin, Nr. GUV-I 8533. http://www.unfallkasse- phamide. Inter Arch Occup Environ Health. 1993; 67: 317–323 berlin.de/res.php?id=10243

[10] Zytostatika im Gesundheitsdienst – Informationen zur sicheren [9] Charney SC, Bergman PJ, Hohenhaus AE et al.: Risk factors for Handhabung von Zytostatika, Herausgeber: Berufsgenossenschaft sterile hemorrhagic cystitis in dogs with lymphoma receiving cyclo- für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege, Hamburg, Nr. M620. phosphamide with or without concurrent administration of furose- http://www.bgw-online.de/internet/generator/Inhalt/OnlineInhalt/ mide: 216 cases (1990–1996). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 222: Medientypen/bgw_20themen/M620__Zytostatika__im__Gesund- 1388–1393. heitsdienst,property=pdfDownload.pdf [10] Chatterjee K, Zhang J, Honbo N et al.: Doxorubicin cardiomyo- [11] Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe 555 – Betriebsanweisung und pathy. Cardiology. 2010; 115: 155–162. Information der Beschäftigten, Herausgeber: Bundesanstalt für [11] Chretin JD, Rassnick KM, Shaw NA et al.: Prophylactic trimetho- Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Dortmund, Februar 2008. prim-sulfadiazine during chemotherapy in dogs with lymphoma http://www.baua.de/cln_137/de/Themen-von-A-Z/Gefahrstoffe/ and osteosarcoma: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Vet TRGS/TRGS-555.html Intern Med. 2007; 21: 141–148. [12] Gesetz zum Schutz der erwerbstätigen Mutter (Mutterschutzge- [12] Christiansen S, Redmann K, Scheld HH et al.: Adriamycin-induced setz), Fassung vom 20. Juni 2002, Bundesgesetzblatt I, Seite 2318. cardiomyopathy in the dog – an appropriate model for research on http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/muschg/index.html partial left ventriculectomy? J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002; 21: [13] Verordnung zum Schutze der Mütter am Arbeitsplatz (Mutter- 783–790. Literaturverzeichnis schutz-Richtlinienverordnung), Fassung vom 15. April 1997, Bun- [13] Cvetkovic RS, Scott LJ: Dexrazoxane: a review of its use for cardio- desgesetzblatt I, Seite 782. http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/ protection during anthracycline chemotherapy. Drugs. 2005; 65: muscharbv/index.html 1005–1024. [14] Gesetz zum Schutz der arbeitenden Jugend (Jugendarbeitsschutz- [14] Daugaard G: Cisplatin nephrotoxicity: experimental and clinical stu- gesetz), Fassung vom 12. April 1976, Bundesgesetzblatt I, Seite dies. Dan Med Bull. 1990; 37: 1–12. 965. http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/juschg/index.html [15] DeFrancesco TC, Atkins CE, Keene BW et al.: Prospective clinical [15] Anforderungen an den Betrieb von Sicherheitswerkbänken mit Luft- evaluation of serum cardiac troponin T in dogs admitted to a veteri- rückführung für Arbeiten mit krebserzeugenden oder erbgutverän- nary teaching hospital. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 553–557. dernden Zytostatika, Bundesarbeitsblatt 7-8/1998, Seite 69 und 3/ [16] de la Puente-Redondo VA, Tilt N, Rowan TG et al.: Efficacy of 2000, Seite 65. http://www.umwelt-online.de/recht/arbeitss/ maropitant for treatment and prevention of emesis caused by intra- arbsch/bma/00_3.htm venous infusion of cisplatin in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2007; 68: 48–56. [16] Qualitätsstandard für den pharmazeutisch-onkologischen Service, [17] FitzPatrick WM, Dervisis NG, Kitchell BE: Safety of concurrent Deutsche Gesellschaft für Onkologische Pharmazie, 4. Auflage, administration of dexrazoxane and doxorubicin in the canine cancer 2008. http://www.esop.li/downloads/library/quapos4_german.pdf patient. Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 273–282. [17] Jost M, Rüegger M, Liechti B, Gutzwiller A: Sicherer Umgang mit [18] Flory AB, Rassnick KM, Balkman CE et al.: Oral bioavailability of Zytostatika, SUVA – Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt, etoposide after administration of a single dose to tumor-bearing Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, 6. Auflage, Juni 2004, Bestellnummer: dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2008; 69: 1316–1322. 2869/18.d. http://www.onkologiepflege.ch/fileadmin/onkologie- [19] Freifeld AG, Walsh TJ, Pizzo PA: Infections in the cancer patient. pflege/onkologiepflege_user/pdf/fachmaterial/downloads/suva. In: DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (Hrsg.): Cancer: Principles Zytostatika.pdf and practices of oncology. 9. Aufl. Lippincott Philadelphia 2011. [20] Ghaffari MS, Aldavood SJ, Masoudifard M et al.: Transient mega- 9.5 Komplikationen der Chemotherapie oesophagus following vincristine administration in a German shep- [1] Amantea M, Newman MS, Sullivan TM et al.: Relationship of dose herd dog: possible vincristine-induced neuropathy. Comp Clin intensity to the induction of palmar-plantar erythrodysesthia by Pathol. 2009; 18: 445–447. pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in dogs. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1999; [21] Gillings S, Johnson J, Fulmer A et al.: Effect of a 1-hour IV infusion 18: 17–26. of doxorubicin on the development of cardiotoxicity in dogs as eva- [2] Baldwin JR, Phillips BA, Overmyer SK et al.: Influence of the car- luated by electrocardiography and echocardiography. Vet Ther. dioprotective agent dexrazoxane on doxorubicin pharmacokinetics 2009; 10: 46–58. in the dog. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1992; 30: 433–438. [22] Hamilton TA, Cook JR Jr, Braund KG et al.: Vincristine-induced [3] Barron RL: Pathophysiology of septic shock and implications for peripheral neuropathy in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: therapy. Clin Pharm. 1993; 12: 829–845. 635–638. [4] Bellin HJ, Cherry JM, Koss LG: Effects of a single dose of cyclophos- [23] Hammer AS, Carothers MA, Harris CL et al.: Unexpected neuroto- phamide. V. Protective effect of diversion of the urinary stream on xicity in dogs receiving a cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, and 5- dog bladder. Lab Invest. 1974; 30: 43-47. fluorouracil chemotherapy protocol. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: – [5] Bernhardson BM, Tishelman C, Rutqvist LE: Chemosensory chan- 240 243. ges experienced by patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy: a [24] Hanigan MH, Devarajan P: Cisplatin nephrotoxicity: molecular qualitative interview study. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2007; 34: mechanisms. Cancer Ther. 2003; 1: 47–61. 403–412. [25] Harvey HJ, MacEwen EG, Hayes AA: Neurotoxicosis associated [6] Bertazzoli C, Rovero C, Ballerini L et al.: Experimental systemic with use of 5-fluorouracil in five dogs and one cat. J Am Vet Med toxicology of 4ʼ-epidoxorubicin, a new, less cardiotoxic anthracyc- Assoc. 1977; 171: 277–278. line antitumor agent. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985; 79: 412–422. [26] Henness AM, Theilen GH, Madewell BR et al.: Neurotoxicosis [7] Bravo L, Legendre AM, Hahn KA et al.: Serum granulocyte colony- associated with use of 5-florouracil. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977; stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) concentrations 171: 692. after chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in normal and tumor-bea- [27] Hickman MA, Cox SR, Mahabir S et al.: Safety, pharmacokinetics ring dogs. Exp Hematol. 1996; 24: 11–17. and use of the novel NK-1 receptor antagonist maropitant (Cerenia) [8] Bray BA, Osman M, Ashtyani H et al.: The fibronectin content of for the prevention of emesis and motion sickness in cats. J Vet Phar- canine lungs is increased in bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Exp Mol macol Ther. 2008; 31: 220–229. Pathol. 1986; 44: 353–363. [28] Hosoya K, Lord LK, Lara-Garcia A et al.: Prevalence of elevated ala- nine transaminase activity in dogs treated with CCNU (Lomustine). Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 244–255.

[29] Jordan K, Kasper C, Schmoll HJ: Chemotherapy-induced nausea [50] Ogilvie GK, Richardson RC, Curtis CR et al.: Acute and short-term and vomiting: current and new standards in the antiemetic prophy- toxicoses associated with the administration of doxorubicin to dogs laxis and treatment. Eur J Cancer. 2005; 41: 199–205. with malignant tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1584– [30] Kehoe R, Singer DH, Trapani A et al.: Adriamycin-induced cardiac 1587. dysrhythmias in an experimental dog model. Cancer Treat Rep. [51] Ogilvie GK, Obradovich JE, Elmslie RE et al.: Toxicoses associated 1978; 62: 963–978. with the administration of Mitoxantrone to dogs with malignant [31] Keung EC, Toll L, Ellis M et al.: L-type cardiac calcium channels in tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 1613–1617. doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in rats morphological, biochemical, [52] Ogilvie GK, Straw RC, Powers BE et al.: Prevalence of nephrotoxi- and functional correlations. J Clin Invest. 1991; 87: 2108–2113. cosis associated with a short-term saline solution diuresis protocol [32] Kim SE, Liptak JM, Gall TT et al.: Epirubicin in the adjuvant treat- for the administration of cisplatin to dogs with malignant tumors: ment of splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs: 59 cases (1997–2004). J 61 cases (1987–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 613–616. Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: 1550–1557. [53] Ogilvie GK, Straw RC, Jameson VJ et al.: Prevalence of nephrotoxi- [33] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, DeNicola DB et al.: Cisplatin toxicity cosis associated with a four-hour saline solution diuresis protocol in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1987; 1: 29–35. for the administration of cisplatin to dogs with naturally developing neoplasms. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1845–1848. [34] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, Bonney PL et al.: Cisplatin therapy in 41 dogs with malignant tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 41–46. [54] Ogilvie GK, Atwater SW, Ciekot PA et al.: Prevalence of anaphylaxis associated with the intramuscular administration of L-Asparagi- [35] Kraft W, Kuffer M: Behandlung schwerer Neutropenien bei Hund nase to 81 dogs with cancer: 1989–1991. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. und Katze mit Filgrastim. Tierärztl Prax. 1995; 23: 609–613. 1994; 30: 62–65. [36] Krick E, Cohen R, Gregor T et al.: Prospective clinical trial to com- [55] OʼKeefe DA, Sisson DD, Gelberg HB et al.: Systemic toxicity asso- pare vincristine and vinblastine in a COP-based protocol for feline ciated with doxorubicin administration in cats. J Vet Intern Med. lymphome. Proc. VCS 2010, San Diego, CA, 71. 1993; 7: 309–317. [37] Kristal O, Rassnick KM, Gliatto JM et al.: Hepatotoxicity associa- [56] Phillips BS, Kraegel SA, Simonson E et al.: Acute reactions in dogs ted with CCNU (lomustine) chemotherapy in dogs. J Vet Intern treated with doxorubicin: increased frequency with the use of a Med. 2004; 18: 75–80. generic formulation. J Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12: 171–172. [38] Laberke S, Zenker I, Hirschberger J: Efficacy of MESNA and furose- [57] Philips FS, Sternberg SS, Cronin AP et al.: Cyclophosphamide and mide for prevention of sterile haemorrhagic cystitis in dogs with urinary bladder toxicity. Cancer Res. 1961; 21: 1577–1589. malignant lymphoma receiving a cyclophosphamide-containing chemotherapy protocol – a retrospective study of 131 dogs (1997– [58] Plumb DC: Vincristine Sulfate. In: Plumb’s Veterinary Drug Hand- 2009), unveröffentliche Daten book. 7th ed., Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, Iowa 2011. [39] Laing EJ, Miller CW, Cochrane SM: Treatment of Cyclophospha- [59] Poirier VJ, Hershey AE, Burgess KE et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of mide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in five dogs. J Am Vet Med paclitaxel (Taxol) for the treatment of canine malignant tumors. J Assoc. 1988; 193: 233–236. Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 219–222. [40] Launchbury AP, Habboubi N: Epirubicin and doxorubicin: a com- [60] Qin XY, Pilot MA, Thompson H et al.: Effects of cholinoceptor and parison of their characteristics, therapeutic activity and toxicity. 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor antagonism on erythromycin-indu- Cancer Treat Rev. 1993; 19: 197–228. ced canine intestinal motility disruption and emesis. Br J Pharmacol. 1993; 108: 44–49. [41] MacEwen EG, Rosenthal RC, Fox LE et al.: Evaluation of L-asparaginase: polyethylene glycol conjugate versus native L-asparaginase [61] Rassnick KM, Frimberger AE, Wood CA et al.: Evaluation of ifosfa- combined with chemotherapy. A randomized double-blind study in mide for treatment of various canine neoplasms. J Vet Intern Med. canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 230–234. 2000; 14: 271–276. [42] Mauldin GE, Fox PR, Patnaik AK et al.: Doxorubicin-induced car- [62] Rassnick KM, Rodriguez CO, Khanna C et al.: Results of a phase II diotoxicosis. Clinical features in 32 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: clinical trial on the use of ifosfamide for treatment of cats with vac- 82–88. cine-associated sarcomas. Am J Vet Res. 2006; 67: 517–523. [43] McEntee MC, Rassnick KM, Lewis LD et al.: Phase I and pharma- [63] Rau SE, Barber LG, Burgess KE: Efficacy of maropitant in the pre- cokinetic evaluation of the combination of orally administered vention of delayed vomiting associated with administration of doxo- docetaxel and cyclosporin A in tumor-bearing dogs. J Vet Res. 2006; rubicin to dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 1452–1457. 67: 1057–1062. [64] Richardson G, Dobish R: Chemotherapy induced diarrhea. J Oncol [44] Medina-Franco H: [Intestinal occlusion in cancer]. Rev Gastroente- Pharm Pract. 2007; 13: 181–198. rol Mex. 2004; 69 Suppl 3: 100–105. [65] Riegel EA, Kaliner M, El-Hage AN et al.: Anthracycline-induced [45] Menozzi A, Pozzoli C, Poli E et al.: Effect of the macrolide antibac- histamine release from rat mast cells. Agents Actions. 1982; 12: terial drug, tylosin, on TNBS-induced colitis in the rat. Pharmaco- 431–437. logy. 2005; 74: 135–142. [66] Simon D, Moreno SN, Hirschberger J et al.: Efficacy of a conti- [46] Moore AS, Nelson RW, Henry CJ et al.: Streptozocin for treatment nuous, multiagent chemotherapeutic protocol versus a short-term of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs: 17 cases (1989–1999). J Am single-agent protocol in dogs with lymphoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 221: 811–818. 2008; 232: 879–885. [47] Mouridsen HT, Langer SW, Buter J et al.: Treatment of anthracyc- [67] Sioka C, Kyritsis AP: Central and peripheral nervous system toxicity line extravasation with Savene (dexrazoxane): results from two of common chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer Chemother Pharma- prospective clinical multicentre studies. Ann Oncol. 2007; 18: 546– col. 2009; 63: 761–767. 550 [68] Skorupski K, Irish A, Hammond G et al.: Prospective clinical trial [48] Ogilvie GK, Cockburn CA, Tranquilli WJ et al.: Hypotension and assessing the efficacy of Denamarin for prevention of CCNU indu- cutaneous reactions associated with intravenous administration of ced hepatopathy in tumor-bearing dogs. Proc. VCS 2011, San etoposide in the dog. Am J Vet Res. 1988; 49: 1367–1370. Diego, CA, 75. [49] Ogilvie GK, Moore AS, Curtis CR: Evaluation of cisplatin-induced [69] Snavely NR, Snavely DA, Wilson BB: Toxic effects of fluorouracil emesis in dogs with malignant neoplasia: 115 cases (1984–1987). J cream ingestion on dogs and cats. Arch Dermatol. 2010; 146: Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1399–1403. 1195–1196.

[70] Sockalingam R, Filippich L, Charles B et al.: Cisplatin-induced oto- [3] Bristow RG, Hill RP: Molecular and cellular basis of radiotherapy. toxicity and pharmacokinetics: preliminary findings in a dog model. In: Tannock IF, Hill RP, Bristow RB, Harrington L (Hrsg.): The basic Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002; 111: 745–750. science of oncology. 4. Aufl. McGraw Hill Companies. 2004: 273– [71] Sorenmo KU, Harwood LP, King LG et al.: Case-control study to 279 evaluate risk factors for the development of sepsis (neutropenia [4] Buchholz J, Hagen R, Leo C et al.: 3D conformal radiation therapy and fever) in dogs receiving chemotherapy. J Am Vet Med Assoc. for palliative treatment of canine nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultra- 2010; 236: 650–656. sound. 2009; 50: 679–683 [72] Takemura G, Fujiwara H: Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy [5] Buchholz J, Brühschwein A, Nitzl D et al.: Computerized 3-D from the cardiotoxic mechanisms to management. Prog Cardiovasc treatment planning using MRI-CT fusion with regard to planning Dis. 2007; 49: 330–352. target volumes of brain tumour patients. Proceedings, ECVDI 2010; [73] Teske E, Rutteman GR, van Heerde P et al.: Polyethylene glycol-L- Giessen asparaginase versus native L-asparaginase in canine non-Hodgkinʼs [6] Choy H, Kim DW: Chemotherapy and irradiation interaction. Semin lymphoma. Eur J Cancer. 1990; 26: 891–895. Oncol. 2003; 4: 3–10 [74] Tew KD, Colvin OM, Jones RB: Clinical and High-Dose Alkylating [7] Collen EB, Mayer MN: Acute effects of radiation treatment: skin –

Agents. In: Chabner BA, Longo DL: Cancer Chemotherapy and Bio- reactions. Can Vet J. 2006; 47: 931 935 Literaturverzeichnis therapy. 4. Aufl., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2006, Philadelphia, [8] Collen EB, Mayer MN: Acute oropharyngeal effects of full-course PA, 283–309. radiation treatment of tumors of the head. Can Vet J. 2008; 49: [75] Tyers MB, Freeman AJ: Mechanism of the anti-emetic activity of 509–512 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Oncology. 1992; 49: 263–268. [9] Eckstein C, Guscetti F, Roos M et al.: A retrospective analysis of [76] Vail DM, Kravis LD, Cooley AJ et al.: Preclinical trial of doxorubicin radiation therapy for the treatment of feline vaccine-associated sar- entrapped in sterically stabilized liposomes in dogs with sponta- coma. Vet Comp Onc. 2009; 7: 54–68 neously arising malignant tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. [10] Farrelly J, McEntee MC: Principles and applications of radiation the- 1997; 39: 410–416. rapy. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 82–87 [77] Vail D, Chun R, Thamm DH: Efficacy of pyridoxine to ameliorate [11] Fidel, Schiller I, Hauser B et al.: Histiocytic sarcomas in flat-coated the cutaneous toxicity associated with doxorubicin containing pegy- retrievers: a summary of 37 cases (November 1998–March 2005). lated (Stealth) liposomes: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial Vet Comp Onc. 2006; 4: 63–74 using a canine model. Clin Cancer Res. 1998; 4: 1567–1571. [12] Forrest LJ, Chun R, Adams WM et al.: Postoperative radiotherapy [78] Vail DM, Rodabaugh HS, Conder GA et al.: Efficacy of injectable for canine soft tissue sarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 578-582 maropitant (Cerenia) in a randomized clinical trial for prevention [13] Freeman KP, Hahn KA, Harris FD et al.: Treatment of dogs with and treatment of cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs presented as oral melanoma by hypofractionated radiation therapy and plati- veterinary patients. Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 38–46. num-based chemotherapy (1987–1997). J Vet Intern Med. 2003; [79] Valerius KD, Ogilvie GK, Fettman MJ et al.: Comparison of the 17: 96–101 effects of asparaginase administered subcutaneously versus intra- [14] Frimberger AE, Moore AS, LaRue SM et al.: Radiotherapy of muscularly for treatment of multicentric lymphoma in dogs recei- incompletely resected, moderately differentiated mast cell tumors ving doxorubicin. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 353–356. in the dog: 37 cases (1989–1993). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; [80] Van Vechten M, Helfand SC, Jeglum KA: Treatment of relapsed 33: 320–324 canine lymphoma with doxorubicin and dacarbazine. J Vet Intern [15] Gillette EL, LaRue SM, Gillette SM: Normal tissue tolerance and Med. 1990; 4: 187–191. management of radiation injury. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). [81] Vela-Ojeda J, Tripp-Villanueva F, Montiel-Cervantes L et al.: Pros- 1995; 10: 209–213 pective randomized clinical trial comparing high-dose ifosfamide + [16] Green EM, Adams WM, Forrest LJ: Four fraction palliative radio- GM-CSF vs high-dose cyclophosphamide + GM-CSF for blood pro- therapy for osteosarcoma in 24 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; genitor cell mobilization. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000; 25: 1141– 38: 445–451 1146. [17] Gustafson NR, Lana SE, Mayer MN et al.: A preliminary assess- [82] Veterinary co-operative oncology group – common terminology cri- ment of whole-body radiotherapy interposed within a chemothe- teria for adverse events (VCOG-CTCAE) following chemotherapy or rapy protocol for canine lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2004; 2: biological antineoplastic therapy in dogs and cats v1.0. Vet Comp 125–131 Oncol 2004, 2: 195–213. [18] Hall EJ: Time, dose, and fractionation in radiotherapy. In: Hall EJ und [83] Weller RE: Intravesical instillation of dilute formalin for treatment Giaccia AJ (Hrsg.): Radiobiology for the radiologists, 6. Aufl. Phila- of Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in two dogs. J delphia, PA: Lippincott William & Wilkins; 2000: 378–397 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978; 172: 1206–1209. [19] Hall EJ: Chemotherapeutic agents from the perspective of the [84] Wiebe VJ, Simonson E: Managing Oncologic Emergencies. In: radiation biologist. In: Hall EJ und Giaccia AJ (Hrsg.): Radiobiology Henry CJ, Higginbotham ML. Cancer Management in Small Animal for the radiologists, 6. Aufl. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott William & Practice. Saunders, Marylin Heights, Missouri, 2010. Wilkins; 2000: 443–446 [85] Wohl JS, Cotter SM: Approach to complications of anticancer the- [20] Haney SM, Beaver L, Turrel J et al.: Survival analysis of 97 cats rapy in emergency practice. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 1996; 5: 61–76. with nasal lymphoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study (1986–2006). J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 287–294 [21] Harari PM, Huang S: Radiation combined with EGFR signal inhibi- 10 Prinzipien der Strahlentherapie tors: Head and neck cancer focus. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2006; 16: 38–44 [1] Adams WM, Bjorling DE, McAnulty JE et al.: Outcome of accelera- [22] Harris D, King GK, Bergman PJ: Radiation therapy toxicities. Vet ted radiotherapy alone or accelerated radiotherapy followed by Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1997; 27: 37–46 exenteration of the nasal cavity in dogs with intranasal neoplasia: 53 cases (1990–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 936–941 [23] Hill RP, Bristow RG: The scientific basis of radiotherapy. In: Tan- nock IF, Hill RP, Bristow RB, Harrington L (Hrsg.): The basic science [2] Brearley MJ, Hayes A, Murphy S: Hypofractionated radiation the- of oncology. 4. Auflg. McGraw Hill Companies. 2004: 305 rapy for invasive thyroid carcinoma in dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 206–210

[24] Kaser-Hotz B, Rohrer CR, Stankeova S et al.: Radiotherapy of [47] Ruppert R, Seegenschmied MH, Sauer R: Radiotherapy of osteo- pituitary tumors in five cats. J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 303–307 arthritis. Indication, technique and clinical results. Der Orthopäde. [25] Kent MS, Bommarito D, Feldman E et al.: Survival, neurologic res- 2004; 33: 56–62 ponse, and prognostic factors in dogs with pituitary masses treated [48] Schneider U, Kaser-Hotz B: Radiation risk estimates after radiothe- with radiation therapy and untreated dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; rapy: application of the organ equivalent dose concept to plateau 21: 1027–1033 dose-response relationships. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2005; 44: [26] Kun LE, Beltran C: Radiation therapy for children: evolving techno- 235–239 logies in the era of ALARA. Pedr Radiol. 2009; 39: 65–70 [49] Schneider U, Lomax A, Pemler P et al.: The impact of IMRT and [27] LaDue-Miller T, Price GS, Page RL et al.: Radiotherapy of canine proton radiotherapy on secondary cancer incidence. Strahlenther non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. Onkol. 2006; 182: 647–652 1996; 37: 74–77 [50] Sellon RK, Fidel J, Houston R et al.: Linear-Accelerator-based [28] LaDue T, Klein MK: Toxicity criteria of the veterinary radiation the- modified radiosurgical treatment of pituitary tumors in cats: 11 rapy oncology group. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2001; 42: 475–476 Cases (1997–2008). J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 1038–1044. [29] LaRue SM, Vujaskovic Z: Combining radiation therapy with other [51] Sfiligoi G, Théon AP, Kent MS: Response of nineteen cats with treatment modalities. Semin Vet Med Surg. 1995; 10: 197–204 nasal lymphoma to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 388–393 [30] Lawrence JA, Forrest LJ, Turek MM et al.: Proof of principle of ocular sparing in dogs with sinonasal tumors treated with intensity- [52] Siegel S, Kornegay JN, Thrall DE: Postoperative irradiation of spinal modulated radiation therapy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: cord tumors in 9 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1996; 37: 150–153 561–570 [53] Smith AN, Wright JC, Brawner WR Jr et al.: Radiation therapy in [31] LeBlanc AK, LaDue TA, Turrel JM et al.: Unexpected toxicity the treatment of canine and feline thymomas: a retrospective study following use of gemcitabine as a radiosensitizer in head and neck (1985–1999). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 489–496 carcinomas: A veterinary radiation therapy oncology group pilot [54] Thamm DH, Turek MM, Vail DM: Outcome and prognostic factors study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 466–470 following adjuvant prednisone/vinblastine chemotherapy for high- [32] Lurie DM, Gordon IK, Théon AP et al.: Sequential low-dose rate risk canine mast cell tumour: 61 cases. J Vet Med Sci. 2006; 68: half-body irradiation and chemotherapy for the treatment of canine 541–548 multicentric lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 1064–1070 [55] Théon AP, Le Couteur RA, Carr EA et al.: Influence of tumor cell [33] Mayer NM, Greco DS, LaRue SM: Outcome of pituitary tumor irra- proliferation and sex-hormone receptors on effectiveness of radia- diation in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1151–1154. tion therapy for dogs with incompletely resected meningiomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 216: 701–707 [34] Melzer K, Guscetti F, Rohrer Bley C et al.: Ki67 reactivity in nasal and periocular squamous cell carcinomas in cats treated with elect- [56] Théon AP, Marks SL, Feldman ES et al.: Prognostic factors and pat- ron beam radiation therapy. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 676–681 terns of treatment failure in dogs with unresectable differentiated thyroid carcinomas treated with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet [35] McEntee MC, Page RL, Théon A: Malignant tumor formation in Med Assoc. 2000; 216: 1775–1779 dogs previously irradiated for acanthomatous epulis. Vet Radiol Ult- rasound. 2004; 45: 357–361 [57] Théon AP, Rodriguez C, Madewell BR: Analysis of prognostic factors and patterns of failure in dogs with malignant oral tumors trea- [36] McEntee MC: Veterinary radiation therapy: review and current ted with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 210: state of the art. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 94–109 778–784 [37] McEntee MC, Steffey M, Dykes NL: Use of surgical hemoclips in [58] Théon AP, Rodriguez C, Griffey S et al.: Analysis of prognostic fac- radiation treatment planning. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; 49: tors and patterns of failure in dogs with periodontal tumors treated 395–399 with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 210: [38] McKnight JA, Mauldin GN, McEntee MC et al.: Radiation treat- 785–788 ment for incompletely resected soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs. J Am [59] Théon AP, Madewell BR, Harb MF et al.: Megavoltage irradiation Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 205–210 of neoplasms of the nasal and paranasal cavities in 77 dogs. J Am [39] Moore AS: Radiation therapy for the treatment of tumours in small Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1469–1475 companion animals. Vet J. 2002; 164: 176–187. [60] Thrall DE: Biologic basis of radiation therapy. Vet Clin North Am [40] Müller F, Poirier V, Melzer K et al.: Palliative radiotherapy with Small Anim Pract. 1997; 27: 21–35 electrons of appendicular oteosarcoma in 54 dogs. In Vivo. 2005; [61] Thrall DE, LaRue SM, Yu D : Thermal dose is related to duration of 19: 713–716 local control in canine sarcomas treated with thermoradiotherapy. [41] Plavec T, Kessler M, Kandel B et al.: Palliative radiotherapy as Clin Cancer Res. 2005, 11: 5206–5214 treatment for non-resectable soft tissue sarcomas in the dog – a [62] Turek MM, Forrest LJ, Adams WM et al.: Postoperative radiothe- report of 15 cases. Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 98–103 rapy and mitoxantrone for anal sac adenocarcinoma in the dog: 15 [42] Poirier VJ, Adams WM, Forrest LJ et al.: Radiation therapy for cases (1991–2001). Vet Comp Oncol. 2003; 1:94–104 incompletely excised grade 2 canine mast cell tumors. J Am Anim [63] Vaudaux C, Schneider U, Kaser-Hotz B: Potential for intensity- Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 430–434 modulated radiation therapy to permit dose-escalation for canine [43] Poirier VJ, Rohrer Bley C, Roos M et al.: Efficacy of radiation the- nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 475–481 rapy for the treatment of macroscopic canine oral soft tissue sar- [64] Weinberg BD, Allison RR, Sibata C: Results of combined photo- coma. In vivo. 2006; 20: 415–420 dynamic therapy (PDT) and high dose brachytherapy (HDR) in treat- [44] Proulx DR, Ruslander DM, Dodge RK et al.: A retrospective analy- ment of obstructive endobronchial non-small cell lung cancer sis of 140 dogs with oral melanoma treated with external beam (NSCLC). Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2010, 7: 50–58 radiation. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 352–359 [65] Williams LE, Johnson JL, Hauck ML et al.: Chemotherapy followed [45] Roberts SM, Lavach JD, Severin GA et al.: Ophthalmic complica- by half-body radiation therapy for canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern tions following megavoltage irradiation of the nasal and paranasal Med. 2004; 18: 703–709 cavities in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 43–47. [66] Wilson GD, Betzen SM, Harari PM: Biologic basis for combining [46] Rohrer Bley C, Sumova A, Roos M et al.: Irradiation of brain drugs with radiation. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2006, 16: 2–9 tumors in dogs with neurological signs: A retrospective survival analysis of 46 cases (1997–2003). J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 849–854

[67] Withrow SJ: The science of surgical oncology: past progress and [23] Sato E, Olson SH, Ahn J et al.: Intraepithelial CD+ tumor-infiltrating future direction. Vet Clinics of North Am: Small Anim Practi. 1995; lymphocytes and a high CD8+/regulatory T cell ratio are associated 25: 225–230 with favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005; 102: 18538–18543 [24] Schadendorf D, Ugurel S, Schuler-Thurner B et al.: Dacarbazine 11 Prinzipien der Immuntherapie (DTIC) versus vaccination with autologous peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DC) in first-line treatment of patients with metastatic mela- 11.1 Tumorimmunologie noma: A randomized phase III trial of the DC Study group of the decog. Ann Oncol. 2006; 17: 563–570 [1] Aguirre-Ghiso JA: Models, mechanisms and clinical evidence for [25] Schreiber RD, Old LJ, Smyth MJ et al.: Cancer immunoediting: cancer dormancy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007; 7: 834–846 integrating immunityʼs roles in cancer suppression and promotion. [2] Bindea G, Mlecnik B, Fridman WH et al.: Natural immunity to can- Science. 2011; 331: 1565–1570 cer in humans. Curr Opin Immunol. 2010; 22: 215–222 [26] Shankaran V, Ikeda H, Bruce AT et al.: IFN-gamma and lymphocy- [3] Callaway MP, Briggs JC: The incidence of late recurrence (greater tes prevent primary tumour development and shape tumour immu- than 10 years); an analysis of 536 consecutive cases of cutaneous nogenicity. Nature. 2001; 410: 1107–1111 melanoma. Br J Plast Surg. 1989; 42: 46–49 Literaturverzeichnis [27] Silverstein AM: Horror Autotoxicus, autoimmunity and immunore- [4] Danial NN, Korsmeyer SJ: Cell Death: Critical control points. Cell. gulation: The early history. Transfus Med Hemother. 2005; 32: 296– – 2004; 116: 205 219 302 [5] Dougan M, Dranoff G: Immune therapy for cancer. Annu Rev [28] Smyth MJ, Thia KY, Street SE et al.: Differential tumor surveillance – Immunol. 2009; 27: 83 117 by natural killer (Nk) and Nkt cells. J Exp Med. 2000; 191: 661–668 [6] Du C, Wang Y: The immunoregulatory mechanisms of carcinoma for [29] Smyth MJ, Thia KY, Street SE et al.: Perforin-mediated cytotoxicity its survival and development. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2011; 30: 12 is critical for surveillance of spontaneous lymphoma. J Exp Med. [7] Dunn GP, Bruce AT, Ikeda H et al.: Cancer immunoediting: from 2000; 192: 755–760 – immuno-surveillance to tumor escape. Nat Immunol. 2002; 3: 991 [30] Teicher BA: Transforming Growth Factor-beta and the immune res- 998 ponse to malignant disease: Clin Cancer Res: 2007; 13: 6247–6251 [8] Dunn GP, Koebel CM, Schreiber RD: Interferons, immunity and [31] Tizard IR: Veterinary immunology: an introduction. 8. Aufl. St. – cancer immunoediting. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006; 6: 836 848 Louis: Saunders 2009 [9] Dunn GP, Old LJ, Schreiber RD: The immunobiology of cancer [32] Traversari C, van der Bruggen P, Luescher IF et al.: A nonapeptide immuno-surveillance and immunoediting. Immunity. 2004; 21: encoded by human gene Mage-1 is recognized on HLA-A1 by – 137 148 cytolytic T lymphocytes directed against tumor antigen MZ2-E. J [10] Essex M, Grant CK, Cotter SM et al.: Leukemia specific antigens: Exp Med. 1992; 176: 1453–1457 Focma and immune surveillance. Haematol Blood Transfus. 1979; [33] Vajdic CM, McDonald SP, McCredie MR et al.: Cancer incidence – 23: 453 486 before and after kidney transplantation. JAMA. 2006; 296: 2823– [11] Finn OJ: Cancer immunology: N Engl J Med. 2008; 358: 2704–2715 2831 [12] Galon J, Costes A, Sanchez-Cabo F et al.: Type, density, and loca- [34] Vesely MD, Kershaw MH, Schreiber RD et al.: Natural innate and tion of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clini- adaptive immunity to cancer. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011; 29: 235– cal outcome. Science. 2006; 313: 1960–1964 271 [13] Karrison TG, Ferguson DJ, Meier P: Dormancy of mammary carci- [35] Wang HY, Wang RF: Regulatory T cells and cancer. Curr Opin noma after mastectomy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999; 91: 80–85 Immunol. 2007; 19: 217–223 [14] Khong HT, Wang QJ, Rosenberg SA: Identification of multiple anti- [36] Wei H, Wang S, Zhang D et al.: Targeted delivery of tumor antigens recognized by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from a single gens to activated dendritic cells via CD11c molecules induces patient: tumor escape by antigen loss and loss of MHC expression. J potent antitumor immunity in mice. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15: Immunother. 2004; 27: 184–190 4612–4621 [15] Koebel CM, Vermi W, Swann JB et al.: Adaptive immunity main- [37] Yang F, Yang XF: New Concepts in tumor antigens: Their signifi- tains occult cancer in an equilibrium state. Nature. 2007; 450: 903– cance in future immunotherapies for tumors. Cell Mol Immunol. 907 2005; 2: 331–341 [16] Melief CJ: Cancer immunotherapy by dendritic cells. Immunity. [38] Zitvogel L, Tesniere A, Kroemer G et al.: Cancer despite immuno- 2008; 29: 372–383 surveillance: immunoselection and immunosubversion. Nat Rev [17] Moloney FJ, Comber H, OʼLorcain P et al.: A population-based Immunol. 2006; 6: 715–727 study of skin cancer incidence and prevalence in renal transplant [39] Zorn E, Hercend T: A natural cytotoxic T cell response in a sponta- recipients. Br J Dermatol. 2006; 154: 498–504 neously regressing human melanoma targets a neoantigen resul- [18] Muller AJ, Prendergast GC: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in ting from a somatic point mutation. Eur J Immunol. 1999; 29: 592– immune suppression and cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2007; 601 7: 31–40 [19] Palucka K, Ueno H, Banchereau J: Recent developments in cancer 11.2 Klinischer Einsatz der Immuntherapie vaccines. J Immunol. 2011; 186: 1325–1331 [1] Abrams VK, Hwang B, Lesnikova M et al.: A novel monoclonal [20] Peter ME, Krammer PH: The CD5(Apo-1/Fas) disc and beyond. Cell antibody specific for canine CD25 (P4A10): Selection and evaluation Death Differ. 2003; 10: 26–35 of canine Tregs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2010; 135: 257–265 [21] Rizzi R, Curci P, Delia M et al.: Spontaneous remission of “Metho- [2] Alexander AN, Huelsmeyer MK, Mitzey A et al.: Development of trexate-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders” after disconti- an allogeneic whole-cell tumor vaccine expressing xenogeneic nuation of immuno-suppressive treatment for autoimmune disease. gp100 and its implementation in a phase II clinical trial in canine Review of the literature. Med Oncol. 2009; 26: 1–9 patients with malignant melanoma. Cancer Immunol Immunopa- [22] Rosenberg SA: Development of effective immunotherapy for the thol. 2006; 55: 433–442 treatment of patients with cancer. J Am Coll Surg. 2004; 198: 685– 696

[3] Berg G: Der Einsatz von Baypamun HK in der Mammatumorbe- [23] Hess AD, Catchatourian R, Zander AR et al.: Intralesional Bacillus handlung der Hündin. [Dissertation med. vet.]. München, Ludwig- Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy of canine venereal tumors. Cancer Maximilians-Universität; 1994 Res. 1977; 37: 3990–3994 [4] Bergman PJ, Camps-Palau MA, McKnight JA et al.: Development [24] Hogge GS, Burkholder JK, Culp J et al.: Development of human of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine program for canine malignant mela- granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected noma at the Animal Medical Center. Vaccine. 2006; 24: 4582–4585 tumor cell vaccines for the treatment of spontaneous canine cancer. [5] Bergman PJ, McKnight J, Novosad A et al.: Long-term survival of Hum Gene Ther. 1998; 9: 1851–1861 dogs with advanced malignant melanoma after DNA vaccination [25] Hüttinger C, Hirschberger J, Jahnke A et al.: Neoadjuvant gene with xenogeneic human tyrosinase: A phase I trial. Clin Cancer Res. delivery of feline granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating fac- 2003; 9: 1284–1290 tor using magnetofection for the treatment of feline fibrosarcomas: [6] Biller BJ, Dow S: Immunotherapy of Cancer. In Small Animal Clinical a phase I trial. J Gene Med. 2008; 10: 655–667 Oncology S. 211–235, eds. Withrow SJ & Vail DM. Saunders, St. [26] Impellizeri JA, Howell K, McKeever KP et al.: The role of rituximab Louis, 4. Auflg. 2007 in the treatment of canine lymphoma: an ex vivo evaluation. Vet J. [7] Biller BJ, Elmslie RE, Burnett RC et al.: Use of FoxP3 expression to 2006; 171: 556–558 identify regulatory T cells in healthy dogs and dogs with cancer. Vet [27] Jahnke A, Hirschberger J, Fischer C et al.: Intratumoral gene deli- Immunol Immunopathol. 2007; 116: 69–78 very of feIL-2, feIFN-γ and feGM-CSF using magnetofection as a [8] Bird RC, Deinnocentes P, Lenz S et al.: An allogeneic hybrid-cell neoadjuvant treatment option for feline fibrosarcomas – a phase-I fusion vaccine against canine mammary cancer. Vet Immunol study. J Vet Med A. 2007; 54: 599–606 Immunopathol. 2008; 123: 289–304 [28] Jeglum KA: Chemoimmunotherapy of canine lymphoma with adju- [9] Chou PC, Chuang TF, Jan TR et al.: Effects of immunotherapy of vant canine monoclonal antibody 231. Vet Clin North Am Small IL-6 and IL-15 plasmids on transmissible venereal tumor in beagles. Anim Pract. 1996; 26: 73–85 Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009; 130: 25–34 [29] Jourdier TM, Moste C, Bonnet MC et al: Local immunotherapy of [10] Chuang TF, Lee SC, Liao KW et al.: Electroporation-mediated IL-12 spontaneous feline fibrosarcomas using recombinant poxviruses gene therapy in a transplantable canine cancer model. Int J Cancer. expressing interleukin 2 (IL2). Gene Ther. 2003; 10: 2126–2132 2009; 125: 698–707 [30] Jubala CM, Wojcieszyn JW, Valli VE et al.: CD20 expression in nor- [11] Coley W: The treatment of inoperable sarcoma by bacterial toxins mal canine B cells and in canine non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Vet (mixed toxins of Steptococcus erysipelas and the Bacillus prodigio- Pathol. 2005; 42: 468–476 sus). Proc R Soc Med Surg Sect. 1909; 3 [31] Kamstock D, Elmslie R, Thamm D et al.: Evaluation of a xenoge- [12] Cutrera J, Torrero M, Shiomitsu KS et al.: Intratumoral Bleomycin neic VEGF vaccine in dogs with soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer Immu- and IL-12 electrochemogenetherapy for treating head and neck nol Immunother. 2007; 56: 1299–1309 tuomors in dogs. Methods Mol Biol. 2008; 423: 319–325 [32] Kamstock D, Guth A, Elmslie R et al.: Liposome-DNA complexes [13] Dean GA, Barger A, Lavoy A: Cloning and expression of feline inter- infused intravenously inhibit angiogenesis and elicit antitumor acti- leukin 15: Cytokine. 2005; 29: 77–83 vity in dogs with soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer Gene Ther. 2005; 13: 306–317 [14] Dow SW, Elmslie RE, MacEwen EG et al.: Phase I trial of intravenous delivery of liposome–DNA complexes encoding the IL-2 gene [33] Kantoff WP, Higano CS, Shore ND et al.: Sipuleucel-T immunothe- for treatment of dogs with osteosarcoma metastases. Hum Gene rapy for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. New Engl J Med 2010; Ther. 2005; 16: 937–946 363: 411–422 [15] Dow SW, Elmslie RE, Willson AP et al.: In vivo tumor transfection [34] Khanna C, Anderson PM, Hasz DE et al.: Interleukin-2 liposome with superantigen plus cytokine genes induces tumor regression inhalation therapy is safe and effective for dogs with spontaneous and prolongs survival in dogs with malignant melanoma. J Clin pulmonary metastasis. Cancer. 1997; 79: 1409–1421 Invest. 1998; 101: 2406–2414 [35] Khanna C, Hasz DE, Klausner J et al.: Aerosol delivery of interleu- [16] Euler von H, Sadeghi A, Carlsson B et al.: Efficient adenovector kin 2 liposomes in nontoxic and biologically effective: canine stu- CD40 ligand immunotherapy of canine malignant melanoma. J dies. Clin Cancer Res. 1996; 2: 721–734 Immunother. 2008; 31: 377–384 [36] Kurzman ID, MacEwen EG, Rosenthal RC et al.: Adjuvant therapy [17] Finocchiaro LM, Fiszman GL, Karara AL et al.: Suicide gene and for osteosarcoma in dogs: results of randomized clinical trials using cytokines combined nonviral gene therapy for spontaneous canine combined liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide and cisplatin. melanoma. Cancer Gene Ther. 2008; 15: 165–172 Clin Cancer Res. 1995; 1: 1595–1601 [18] Finocchiaro LM, Glikin GC: Cytokine-enhanced vaccine and suicide [37] Lankford S, Petty C, LaVoy A et al.: Cloning of feline FOXP3 and + + gene therapy as surgery adjuvant treatments for spontaneous detection of expression in CD4 CD25 regulatory T cells. Vet Immu- canine melanoma. Gene Ther. 2008; 15: 267–276 nol Immunopathol. 2008; 122: 159–166 [19] Fox LE, MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID et al.: Liposome-encapsulated [38] Liao JCF, Gregor P, Wolchok JD et al.: Vaccination with human muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine for the treatment of tyrosinase DNA induces antibody responses in dogs with advanced feline mammary adenocarcinoma – a multicenter randomized melanoma. Cancer Immunity. 2006; 6: 8–17 double-blind study. Cancer Biotherapy. 1995; 10: 125–130 [39] MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID, Vail DM et al.: Adjuvant therapy for [20] Gill VL, Bergman PJ, Baer KE et al.: Use of imiquimod 5% cream melanoma in dogs: Results of randomized clinical trials using sur- (AldaraTM) in cats with multicentric squamous cell carcinoma in gery, liposome–encapsulated muramyl tripeptide, and granulocyte situ: 12 cases (2002–2005). Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 55–64 macrophage colony–stimulating factor. Clin Cancer Res. 1999; 5: 4249–4258 [21] Gyorffy S, Rodriguez-Lecompte JC, Woods JP et al.: Bone-marrow derived dendritic cell vaccination in dogs with naturally occuring [40] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Harvey HJ et al.: Canine oral mela- melanoma by using human gp100 antigen. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; noma: comparison of sugery versus surgery plus Corynebacterium 19: 56–63 parvum. Cancer Invest. 1986; 4: 397–402 [22] Hemminki A, Kanerva A, Kremer EJ et al.: A canine conditionally [41] Mason NJ, Coughlin CM, Overley B et al.: RNA–loaded CD40–acti- replicating adenovirus for evaluating oncolytic virotherapy in a syn- vated B cells stimulate antigen–specific T–cell responses in dogs geneic animal model. Mol Ther. 2003; 7: 163–173 with spontaneous lymphoma. Gene Ther. 2008; 15: 955–965

[42] Milner RJ, Salute M, Crawford C et al.: The immune response to [2] Alberts B: Mechanisms of Cell Communication. In: Alberts B (Hrsg): disialoganglioside GD3 vaccination in normal dogs: a melanoma Molecular biology of the cell. 5. Aufl. New York: Garland Science; surface antigen vaccine. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006; 114: 2008: 879–964 273–284 [3] Altucci L, Gronemeyer H: The promise of retinoids to fight against [43] Misdorp W: Incomplete surgery, local immunostimulation, and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2001; 1: 181–193 recurrence of some tumor types in dogs and cats. Vet Quarterly. [4] Backlund B, Cianciolo RE, Cook AK et al.: Minimal change glome- 1987; 9: 279–286 rulopathy in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2011; 13: 291–295 [44] Moore AS, Theilen GH, Newell AD et al.: Preclinical study of [5] Baek SJ, McEntee MF, Legendre AM: Review paper: Cancer che- sequential tumor necrosis factor and interleukin–2 in the treatment mopreventive compounds and canine cancer. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: of spontaneous canine neoplasms. Cancer Res. 1991; 51: 233–238 576–588 [45] Parodi AL, Misdorp W, Mialot JP et al.: Intratumoral BCG and [6] Bardagi M, Fondevila D, Ferrer L: Immunohistochemical detection Corynebacterium parvum therapy of canine mammary tumors of COX-2 in feline and canine actinic keratoses and cutaneous squa- before radical mastectomy. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1983; mous cell carcinoma. J Comp Pathol. 2012; 146: 11–7 15: 172–177 [7] Beam SL, Rassnick KM, Moore AS et al.: An immunohistochemical – [46] Quintin Colonna F, Devauchelle P, Fradelizi D et al: Gene therapy study of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in various feline neoplasms. Literaturverzeichnis of spontaneous canine melanoma and feline fibrosarcoma by intra- Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 496–500 tumoral administration of histoincompatible cells expressing [8] Bellamy F, Bader T, Moussy A et al.: Pharmacokinetics of masitinib human interleukin–2. Gene Ther. 1996; 3: 1104–1112 in cats. Vet Res Commun. 2009; 33: 831–837 [47] Rosales C, Jeglum KA, Obrocka M et al.: Cytolytic activity of [9] Bergkvist GT, Yool DA: Epidermal growth factor receptor as a the- murine anti–dog lymphoma monoclonal antibodies with canine rapeutic target in veterinary oncology. Vet Comp Oncol. 2011; 9: effector cells and complement. Cell Immunol. 1988; 115: 420–428 81–94 [48] Siddiqui F, Li CY, LaRue SM et al.: A phase I trial of hyperthermia– [10] Boria PA, Murry DJ, Bennett PF et al.: Evaluation of cisplatin com- induced interleukin–12 gene therapy in spontaneously arising feline bined with piroxicam for the treatment of oral malignant melanoma soft tissue sarcomas. Mol Cancer Ther. 2007; 6: 380–389 and oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [49] Smith BF, Curiel DT, Ternovoi VV et al.: Administration of a condi- 2004; 224: 388–394 tionally replicative oncolytic canine adenovirus in normal dogs. Can- [11] Boria PA, Glickman NW, Schmidt BR et al.: Carboplatin and piroxi- cer Biother Radiopharm. 2006; 21: 601–606 cam therapy in 31 dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the uri- [50] Suter SE, Chein MB, von Messling V et al.: In vitro canine distem- nary bladder. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 73–80 per virus infection of canine lymphoid cells: a prelude to oncolytic [12] Borrego JF, Cartagena JC, Engel J: Treatment of feline mammary therapy for lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2005; 11: 1579–1587 tumours using chemotherapy, surgery and a COX-2 inhibitor drug [51] Tamura K, Arai H, Ueno E et al.: Comparison of Dendritic Cell– (meloxicam): a retrospective study of 23 cases (2002–2007). Vet mediated immune responses among canine malignant cells. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 213–221 Med Sci. 2007; 69: 925–930 [13] Borzacchiello G, Paciello O, Papparella S: Expression of cyclooxy- [52] Thamm D, King I, Zujin Li et al.: Systemic administration of an genase-1 and -2 in canine nasal carcinomas. J Comp Pathol. 2004; attenuated, tumor–targeting Salmonella typhimurium to dogs with 131: 70–76 spontaneous neoplasia: phase I evaluation. Clin Cancer Res. 2005; [14] Borzacchiello G, Russo V, Russo M: Immunohistochemical expres- 11: 4827–4834 sion of cyclooxygenase-2 in canine ovarian carcinomas. J Vet Med A [53] Thamm DH, Kurzman ID, MacEwen EG et al.: Intralesional lipid– Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2007; 54: 247–249 complex cytokine/superantigen immunogene therapy for sponta- [15] Cadot P, Hensel P, Bensignor E et al.: Masitinib decreases signs of neous canine tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2003; 52: canine atopic dermatitis: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, 473–480 placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Vet Dermatol. 2011; 22: 554–564 [54] Turek M, Thamm D, Mitzey A et al.: Human granulocyte and mac- [16] Carlsten K, Thamm D, London C et al.: Hypofractionated radiation rophage colony–stimulating factor DNA cationic–lipid complexed therapy plus toceranib for unresectable canine mast cell tumours. autologous tumour cell vaccination in the treatment of canine B– 30th Ann Conf VCS, San Diego, CA, USA, 2010 cell multicentric lymphoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 219–231 [17] Chakraborti AK, Garg SK, Kumar R et al.: Progress in COX-2 inhibi- [55] U’Ren L, Biller B, Elmslie R et al.: Evaluation of an allogeneic tors: a journey so far. Curr Med Chem. 2010; 17: 1563–1593 tumor vaccine in dogs with oral melanoma. Proc Ann Conf Vet Can- [18] Clifford C, Vail D, Thamm D et al.: Biological activity of toceranib cer Soc. Kansas City, MO. 2004; 104 (Palladia) in canine anal gland anal SAC adenocarcinoma (AGA- [56] U’Ren LW, Biller BJ, Elmslie RE et al.: Evaluation of a novel tumor SACA). 30th Ann Conf VCS, San Diego, CA, USA, 2010 vaccine in dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: [19] Cuzick J, Otto F, Baron JA et al.: Aspirin and non-steroidal anti- 113–120 inflammatory drugs for cancer prevention: an international consen- [57] Vail DM, MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID et al.: Liposome–encapsulated sus statement. Lancet Oncol. 2009; 10: 501–507 muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine adjuvant immunothe- [20] Daigle J, Moussy A, Mansfield CD et al.: Masitinib for the treat- rapy for splenic hemangiosarcoma in the dog: a randomized multi– ment of canine atopic dermatitis: a pilot study. Vet Res Commun. institutional clinical trial. Clin Cancer Res. 1995; 1:1165–1170 2010; 34: 51–63 [58] Ziekman PGPM: Local low–dose IL–2 therapy of tumours in compa- [21] Daikoku T, Tranguch S, Trofimova IN et al.: Cyclooxygenase-1 is nion animals. Anticancer Res. 1999; 19: 2016 overexpressed in multiple genetically engineered mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Res. 2006; 66: 2527–2531 12 Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren, Cyclooxygenase- [22] Daly M, Sheppard S, Cohen N et al.: Safety of masitinib mesylate in healthy cats. J Vet Intern Med. 25: 297–302 Inhibitoren und Retinoide [23] de Mello Souza CH, Toledo-Piza E, Amorin R et al.: Inflammatory [1] Ahmadi M, Emery DC, Morgan DJ: Prevention of both direct and mammary carcinoma in 12 dogs: clinical features, cyclooxygenase- cross-priming of antitumor CD8+ T-cell responses following over- 2 expression, and response to piroxicam treatment. Can Vet J. – production of prostaglandin E2 by tumor cells in vivo. Cancer Res. 2009; 50: 506 510 2008; 68: 7520–7529

[24] de Mello Souza CH, Valli VE, Selting KA et al.: Immunohistoche- [45] Hahn KA, Ogilvie G, Rusk T et al.: Masitinib is safe and effective mical detection of retinoid receptors in tumors from 30 dogs diag- for the treatment of canine mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. nosed with cutaneous lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 2008; 22: 1301–1309 1112–1117 [46] Hahn KA, Legendre AM, Shaw NG et al.: Evaluation of 12– and [25] de Vos J, Brearley M: First-line and rescue therapy with masitinib 24–month survival rates after treatment with masitinib in dogs integrated protocols for canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. Ann with nonresectable mast cell tumors. Am J Vet Res. 2010; 71: Conf Vet Cancer Soc, San Diego, USA, 2010 1354–1361 [26] de Vos JP, Burm AG, Focker AP et al.: Piroxicam and carboplatin as [47] Hanson PD, Maddison JE: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs a combination treatment of canine oral non-tonsillar squamous cell and chondroprotective agents. In: Maddison JE, Page SW, Church D carcinoma: a pilot study and a literature review of a canine model (Hrsg), Small animal clinical pharmacology. 2. Aufl. Edinburgh: of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Saunders/Elsevier; 2008: 287–308 Oncol. 2005; 3: 16–24 [48] Harris SG, Padilla J, Koumas L et al.: Prostaglandins as modulators [27] Dias Pereira P, Lopes CC, Matos AJ et al.: COX-2 expression in of immunity. Trends Immunol. 2002; 23: 144–150 canine normal and neoplastic mammary gland. J Comp Pathol. [49] Hayes A, Scase T, Miller J et al.: COX-1 and COX-2 expression in 2009; 140: 247–253 feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Comp Pathol. 2006; 135: 93– [28] DiBernardi L, Dore M, Davis JA et al.: Study of feline oral squa- 99 mous cell carcinoma: potential target for cyclooxygenase inhibitor [50] Hayes A: Cancer, cyclo-oxygenase and nonsteroidal anti-inflamma- treatment. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007; 76: tory drugs – can we combine all three? Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 245–250 1–13 [29] Dore M, Lanthier I, Sirois J: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in canine [51] Hayes AM, Adams VJ, Scase TJ et al.: Survival of 54 cats with oral mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 207–212 squamous cell carcinoma in United Kingdom general practice. J [30] Dore M: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in animal cancers. Vet Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 394–399 Pathol. 2010; 48: 254–265 [52] Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Assessment of cyc- [31] Downing S, Chien MB, Kass PH et al.: Prevalence and importance looxygenase-2 expression in canine hemangiosarcoma, histiocytic of internal tandem duplications in exons 11 and 12 of c-kit in mast sarcoma, and mast cell tumor. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 350–353 cell tumors of dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2002; 63: 1718–1723 [53] Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 [32] Dubreuil P, Letard S, Ciufolini M et al.: Masitinib (AB1010), a expression is associated with histologic tumor type in canine mam- potent and selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting KIT. PLoS mary carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 776–780 One. 2009; 4: e7258 [54] Heller DA, Fan TM, de Lorimier LP et al.: In vitro cyclooxygenase-2 [33] Elmslie RE, Glawe P, Dow SW: Metronomic therapy with cyclopho- protein expression and enzymatic activity in neoplastic cells. J Vet sphamide and piroxicam effectively delays tumor recurrence in Intern Med. 2007; 21: 1048–1055 dogs with incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas. J Vet Intern [55] Henfrey JI: Treatment of multiple intracutaneous cornifying epithe- Med. 2008; 22: 1373–1379 liomata using isotretinoin. J Small Anim Pract. 1991; 32: 363–365 [34] EMEA: EPAR Scientific Discussion for the approval of Masivet. Euro- [56] Henry CJ, McCaw DL, Turnquist SE et al.: Clinical evaluation of pean Medicines Agency (EMEA), London, 2008, 1–17 mitoxantrone and piroxicam in a canine model of human invasive [35] EMEA: Committee for medicinal products for veterinary use sum- urinary bladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2003; 9: 906–911 mary of opinion: Masivet: International Non-proprietary Name [57] Hochhaus A: Imatinib mesylate (Glivec, Gleevec) in the treatment (INN): Masitinib mesylate. In: Inspections EMAVMa (Hrsg), London, of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal 2008 stromal tumors (GIST). Ann Hematol. 2004; 83 Suppl 1: S65–66 [36] EMEA: EPAR Scientific Discussion for the approval of Palladia. Euro- [58] Hohenhaus A, Henry A, Greene S et al.: Biological activity and pean Medicines Agency (EMEA), London, 2009, 1–17 adverse event profile in cats treated with toceranib phosphate. 30th [37] Evans AG, Madewell BR, Stannard AA: A trial of 13–cis-retinoic Ann Conf VCS, San Diego, CA, USA, 2010 acid for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma and preneoplastic [59] Hong SH, Kadosawa T, Nozaki K et al.: In vitro retinoid-induced lesions of the head in cats. Am J Vet Res. 1985; 46: 2553–2557 growth inhibition and morphologic differentiation of canine osteo- [38] Fields AL, Soprano DR, Soprano KJ: Retinoids in biological control sarcoma cells. Am J Vet Res. 2000; 61: 69–73 and cancer. J Cell Biochem. 2007; 102: 886–898 [60] Humbert M, de Blay F, Garcia G et al.: Masitinib, a c-kit/PDGF [39] Fieten H, Spee B, Ijzer J et al.: Expression of hepatocyte growth receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, improves disease control in factor and the proto-oncogenic receptor c-Met in canine osteosar- severe corticosteroid-dependent asthmatics. Allergy. 2009; 64: coma. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 869–877 1194–1201 [40] Fukuda R, Kelly B, Semenza GL: Vascular endothelial growth factor [61] Imai K, Takaoka A: Comparing antibody and small-molecule thera- gene expression in colon cancer cells exposed to prostaglandin E2 is pies for cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006; 6: 714–727 mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Cancer Res. 2003; 63: [62] Impellizeri JA, Esplin DG: Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in canine 2330–2334 nasal carcinomas. Vet J. 2008; 176: 408–410 [41] Fux R, Schwab M, Thon KP et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in [63] Isotani M, Tamura K, Yagihara H et al.: Identification of a c-kit human colorectal cancer is unrelated to overall patient survival. Clin exon 8 internal tandem duplication in a feline mast cell tumor case Cancer Res. 2005; 11: 4754–4760 and its favorable response to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib [42] Greenhough A, Smartt HJ, Moore AE et al.: The COX-2/PGE2 mesylate. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006; 114: 168–172 pathway: key roles in the hallmarks of cancer and adaptation to the [64] Isotani M, Ishida N, Tominaga M et al.: Effect of tyrosine kinase tumour microenvironment. Carcinogenesis. 2009; 30: 377–386 inhibition by imatinib mesylate on mast cell tumors in dogs. J Vet [43] Grosch S, Maier TJ, Schiffmann S et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX- Intern Med. 2008; 22: 985–988 2)-independent anticarcinogenic effects of selective COX-2 inhibi- [65] Isotani M, Yamada O, Lachowicz JL et al.: Mutations in the fifth tors. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006; 98: 736–747 immunoglobulin-like domain of kit are common and potentially [44] Gschwind A, Fischer OM, Ullrich A: The discovery of receptor tyro- sensitive to imatinib mesylate in feline mast cell tumours. Br J Hae- sine kinases: targets for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004; 4: matol. 2009; 148: 144–153 361–370

[66] Jagielski D, Chapuis T, Lebruneau J et al: Positive response in the [86] Linnekin D, Keller JR, Ferris DK et al.: Stem cell factor induces treatment of epitheliotropic T-Cell lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides) phosphorylation of a 200 kDa protein which associates with c-kit. with Masitinib. Ann Conf Europ Soc Vet Oncol, Glasgow, United Growth Factors. 1995; 12: 57–67 Kingdom, 2011 [87] London C, Mathie T, Stingle N et al.: Preliminary evidence for bio- [67] Jones CL, Grahn RA, Chien MB et al.: Detection of c-kit mutations logic activity of toceranib phosphate (Palladia®) in solid tumours. in canine mast cell tumors using fluorescent polyacrylamide gel Vet Comp Oncol. 2012; 10: 194–205 electrophoresis. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2004; 16: 95–100 [88] London CA, Galli SJ, Yuuki T et al.: Spontaneous canine mast cell [68] Katayama R, Huelsmeyer MK, Marr AK et al.: Imatinib mesylate tumors express tandem duplications in the proto-oncogene c-kit. inhibits platelet-derived growth factor activity and increases che- Exp Hematol. 1999; 27: 689–697 mosensitivity in feline vaccine-associated sarcoma. Cancer Chemo- [89] London CA, Hannah AL, Zadovoskaya R et al.: Phase I dose-escala- ther Pharmacol. 2004; 54: 25–33 ting study of SU11654, a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase [69] Kay-Mugford P, Benn SJ, LaMarre J et al.: In vitro effects of non- inhibitor, in dogs with spontaneous malignancies. Clin Cancer Res. steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cyclooxygenase activity in 2003; 9: 2755–2768 dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2000; 61: 802–810 [90] London CA: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in veterinary medicine. Top –

[70] Khan KN, Knapp DW, Denicola DB et al.: Expression of cyclooxy- Companion Anim Med. 2009; 24: 106 112 Literaturverzeichnis genase-2 in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in [91] London CA, Malpas PB, Wood-Follis SL et al.: Multi-center, pla- dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2000; 61: 478–481 cebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study of oral toceranib [71] Khan KN, Stanfield KM, Trajkovic D et al.: Expression of cyclooxy- phosphate (SU11654), a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for the genase-2 in canine renal cell carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 116– treatment of dogs with recurrent (either local or distant) mast cell 119 tumor following surgical excision. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15: 3856– [72] Kleiter M, Malarkey DE, Ruslander DE et al.: Expression of cyclo- 3865 oxygenase-2 in canine epithelial nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultra- [92] Lyles S, Milner R, Kow K et al.: Evaluation of the receptor tyrosine sound. 2004; 45: 255–260 kinase inhibitor, Masitinib Mesylate, in canine hemangiosarcoma [73] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, Chan TC et al.: Piroxicam therapy in cell lines. Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc, San Diego, USA, 2010 34 dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. J Vet [93] Marks SL, Song MD, Stannard AA et al.: Clinical evaluation of etre- Intern Med. 1994; 8: 273–278 tinate for the treatment of canine solar-induced squamous cell car- [74] Knapp DW, Chan TC, Kuczek T et al.: Evaluation of in vitro cytoto- cinoma and preneoplastic lesions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992; 27: xicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against canine tumor 11–16 cells. Am J Vet Res. 1995; 56: 801–805 [94] Marquez C, Bair SM, Smithberger E et al.: Systemic retinoids for [75] Knottenbelt C, Chambers G, Gault E et al.: The in vitro effects of chemoprevention of non-melanoma skin cancer in high-risk piroxicam and meloxicam on canine cell lines. J Small Anim Pract. patients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2010; 9: 753–758 2006; 47: 14–20 [95] McEntee MF, Cates JM, Neilsen N: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in [76] Knottenbelt C, Mellor D, Nixon C et al.: Cohort study of COX-1 spontaneous intestinal neoplasia of domestic dogs. Vet Pathol. and COX-2 expression in canine rectal and bladder tumours. J Small 2002; 39: 428–436 Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 196–200 [96] Millanta F, Citi S, Della Santa D et al.: COX-2 expression in canine [77] Knottenbelt CM, Simpson JW, Tasker S et al.: Preliminary clinical and feline invasive mammary carcinomas: correlation with clinico- observations on the use of piroxicam in the management of rectal pathological features and prognostic molecular markers. Breast tubulopapillary polyps. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41: 393–397 Cancer Res Treat. 2006; 98: 115–120 [78] LʼEplattenier HF, Lai CL, van den Ham R et al.: Regulation of COX- [97] Millanta F, Silvestri G, Vaselli C et al.: The role of vascular endo- 2 expression in canine prostate carcinoma: increased COX-2 expres- thelial growth factor and its receptor Flk-1/KDR in promoting sion is not related to inflammation. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: tumour angiogenesis in feline and canine mammary carcinomas: a 776–782 preliminary study of autocrine and paracrine loops. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 81: 350–357 [79] Lachowicz JL, Post GS, Brodsky E: A phase I clinical trial evaluating imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) in tumor-bearing cats. J Vet Intern [98] Miyajima N, Watanabe M, Ohashi E et al.: Relationship between Med. 2005; 19: 860–864 retinoic acid receptor alpha gene expression and growth-inhibitory effect of all-trans retinoic acid on canine tumor cells. J Vet Intern [80] Lana S, UʼRen L, Plaza S et al.: Continuous low-dose oral chemo- Med. 2006; 20: 348–354 therapy for adjuvant therapy of splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 764–769 [99] Mohammed SI, Bennett PF, Craig BA et al.: Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptosis, and [81] Lavalle GE, Bertagnolli AC, Tavares WL et al.: Cox-2 expression in angiogenesis in a canine model of human invasive urinary bladder canine mammary carcinomas: correlation with angiogenesis and cancer. Cancer Res. 2002; 62: 356–358 overall survival. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 1275–1280 [100] Mohammed SI, Craig BA, Mutsaers AJ et al.: Effects of the cyclo- [82] Lee-Fowlera TM, Gunturb V, Dodama J et al.: A randomized, oxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, in combination with chemotherapy blinded, placebo-controlled study of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor on tumor response, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a canine model masitinib for treatment of experimental feline asthma. 28th Vet of human invasive urinary bladder cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003; Comp Resp Symposium, Raleigh, North Carolina, 2010 2: 183–188 [83] Lee JY, Tanabe S, Shimohira H et al.: Expression of cyclooxyge- [101] Mohammed SI, Khan KN, Sellers RS et al.: Expression of cyclooxy- nase-2, P-glycoprotein and multi-drug resistance-associated protein genase-1 and 2 in naturally-occurring canine cancer. Prostaglandins in canine transitional cell carcinoma. Res Vet Sci. 2007; 83: 210– Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2004; 70: 479–483 216 [102] Mohammed SI, Dhawan D, Abraham S et al.: Cyclooxygenase [84] Liang K, Lu Y, Jin W et al.: Sensitization of breast cancer cells to inhibitors in urinary bladder cancer: in vitro and in vivo effects. Mol radiation by trastuzumab. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003; 2: 1113–1120 Cancer Ther. 2006; 5: 329–336 [85] Liao AT, McCleese J, Kamerling S et al.: A novel small molecule [103] Muller GH, Kirk RW, Scott DW et al.: Dermatologic Therapy. In: Met inhibitor, PF2362376, exhibits biological activity against osteo- Muller GH, Kirk RW, Scott DW et al. (Hrsg), Muller & Kirkʼs Small sarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 177–196 Animal Dermatology. 6 Aufl. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2001: 207– 274

[104] Mullins MN, Lana SE, Dernell WS et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 expres- [125] Rossmeisl JH, Jr, Robertson JL, Zimmerman KL et al.: Cyclooxyge- sion in canine appendicular osteosarcomas. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; nase-2 (COX-2) expression in canine intracranial meningiomas. Vet 18: 859–865 Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 173–180 [105] Mutsaers AJ, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB et al.: Evaluation of [126] Sanchez-Alcazar JA, Bradbury DA, Pang L et al.: Cyclooxygenase treatment with doxorubicin and piroxicam or doxorubicin alone for (COX) inhibitors induce apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer multicentric lymphoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 220: through cyclooxygenase independent pathways. Lung Cancer. 1813–1817 2003; 40: 33–44 [106] Mutsaers AJ, Mohammed SI, DeNicola DB et al.: Pretreatment [127] Sano H, Kawahito Y, Wilder RL et al.: Expression of cyclooxyge- tumor prostaglandin E2 concentration and cyclooxygenase-2 nase-1 and -2 in human colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 1995; 55: expression are not associated with the response of canine naturally 3785–3789 occurring invasive urinary bladder cancer to cyclooxygenase inhibi- [128] Sayasith K, Sirois J, Dore M: Molecular characterization of feline tor therapy. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2005; 72: COX-2 and expression in feline mammary carcinomas. Vet Pathol. 181–186 2009; 46: 423–429 [107] Newman SJ, Mrkonjich L: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in feline [129] Schmidt BR, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB et al.: Evaluation of pir- pancreatic adenocarcinomas. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 590–593 oxicam for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. J [108] OʼByrne KJ, Dalgleish AG: Chronic immune activation and inflam- Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1783–1786 mation as the cause of malignancy. Br J Cancer. 2001; 85: 473–483 [130] Serres F, Meyer C, Tierny D et al.: Masitinib for maintenance che- [109] Ogilvie G, Rusk A, Legendre A et al.: Evaluation of safety of masiti- motherapy of two dogs with T-cell muliticentric lymphoma. Ann nib in combination with doxorubicin in advanced canine tumors. Conf Europ Soc Vet Oncol, 2010 Proc Mid-Year Conf Vet Cancer Soc, 2010 [131] Sleijfer S, Wiemer E, Seynaeve C et al.: Improved insight into [110] Ogilvie G, Rusk A, Legendre A, Moussy A et al.: Evaluation of resistance mechanisms to imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal safety of masitinib in combination with carboplatin in advanced tumors: a basis for novel approaches and individualization of treat- canine tumors. Proc Mid-Year Conf Vet Cancer Soc, 2010 ment. Oncologist. 2007; 12: 719–726 [111] Ohashi E, Miyajima N, Nakagawa T et al.: Retinoids induce growth [132] Sonzogni-Desautels K, Knapp DW, Sartin E et al.: Effect of cyc- inhibition and apoptosis in mast cell tumor cell lines. J Vet Med Sci. looxygenase inhibitors in a xenograft model of canine mammary 2006; 68: 797–802 tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2011; 9:161–171 [112] Ohmori K, Kawarai S, Yasuda N et al.: Identification of c-kit muta- [133] Sorenmo KU, Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS et al.: Evaluation of cyc- tions-independent neoplastic cell proliferation of canine mast cells. looxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 expression and the effect of Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008; 126: 43–53 cyclooxygenase inhibitors in canine prostatic carcinoma. Vet Comp [113] Paglia D, Dubielzig RR, Kado-Fong HK et al.: Expression of cyclo- Oncol. 2004; 2: 13–23 oxygenase-2 in canine uveal melanocytic neoplasms. Am J Vet Res. [134] Streppa HK, Jones CJ, Budsberg SC: Cyclooxygenase selectivity of 2009; 70: 1284–1290 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in canine blood. Am J Vet Res. [114] Pestili de Almeida EM, Piche C, Sirois J et al.: Expression of cyclo- 2002; 63: 91–94 oxygenase-2 in naturally occurring squamous cell carcinomas in [135] Sum SO, Hensel P, Rios L et al.: Drug-induced minimal change dogs. J Histochem Cytochem. 2001; 49: 867–875 nephropathy in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 431–435 [115] Pires I, Garcia A, Prada J et al.: COX-1 and COX-2 expression in [136] Thamm DH, Rose B, Kow K et al.: Masitinib as a chemosensitizer canine cutaneous, oral and ocular melanocytic tumours. J Comp of canine tumor cell lines: A proof of concept study. Vet J. 2012; Pathol. 2010; 143: 142–149 191: 131–134 [116] Preziosi R, Morini M, Sarli G: Expression of the KIT protein [137] Toma S, Noli C: Isotretinoin in the treatment of multiple benign (CD117) in primary cutaneous mast cell tumors of the dog. J Vet pilomatrixomas in a mixed-breed dog. Vet Dermatol. 2005; 16: Diagn Invest. 2004; 16: 554–561 346–350 [117] Procoli F: Clinical trial on the efficacy of masitinib in canine IBD. Vet [138] Tremblay C, Dore M, Bochsler PN et al.: Induction of prostaglan- Rec. 2011; 167: 760 din G/H synthase-2 in a canine model of spontaneous prostatic ade- [118] Pronovost N, Suter MM, Mueller E et al.: Expression and regula- nocarcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999; 91: 1398–1403 tion of cyclooxygenase-2 in normal and neoplastic canine keratino- [139] Vail DM, Young KM: Hematopoietic Tumors. In: Withrow SJ, Vail cytes. Vet Comp Oncol. 2004; 2: 222–233 DM (Hrsg), Withrow and MacEwenʼs Small Animal Clinical Onco- [119] Queiroga FL, Perez-Alenza MD, Silvan G et al.: Cox-2 levels in logy. 4 Aufl. St. Louis: Saunders/Elsevier; 2007: 699–733 canine mammary tumors, including inflammatory mammary carci- [140] Watanabe M, Chen IY, Ishikura Y et al.: Tumor cell growth inhibi- noma: clinicopathological features and prognostic significance. tion and cell differentiation analysis in a canine mammary tumor Anticancer Res. 2005; 25: 4269–4275 cell line (MCM-B2) treated with four chemical reagents. J Vet Med [120] Queiroga FL, Alves A, Pires I et al.: Expression of Cox-1 and Cox-2 Sci. 2009; 71: 1413–1417 in canine mammary tumours. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 177–185 [141] Webster JD, Kiupel M, Kaneene JB et al.: The use of KIT and tryp- [121] Queiroga FL, Pires I, Parente M et al.: COX-2 over-expression cor- tase expression patterns as prognostic tools for canine cutaneous relates with VEGF and tumour angiogenesis in canine mammary mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 371–377 cancer. Vet J. 2011; 189: 7–82 [142] Webster JD, Kiupel M, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V: Evaluation of the [122] Reguera MJ, Rabanal RM, Puigdemont A et al.: Canine mast cell kinase domain of c-KIT in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. BMC tumors express stem cell factor receptor. Am J Dermatopathol. Cancer. 2006; 6: 85 2000; 22: 49–54 [143] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Kaneene JB et al.: The role of [123] Robat C, London C, Bunting L et al.: Safety evaluation of combina- c-KIT in tumorigenesis: evaluation in canine cutaneous mast cell tion vinblastine and toceranib phosphate (Palladia®) in dogs: a tumors. Neoplasia. 2006; 8: 104–111 phase I dose-finding study. Vet Comp Oncol. 2012: 10: 174–183 [144] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Miller RA et al.: Cellular proli- [124] Roos A, Fraytag S, Moussy A et al.: A c-Kit inhibitor (Masivet®) feration in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: associations with shows therapeutic potential in dog neurofibrosarcoma. Proc Ann c-KIT and its role in prognostication. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 298–308 Conf Europ Soc Vet Oncol, 2010

[145] Weinberg RA: Growth Factors, Receptors, and Cancer. In: Wein- [17] Zacarian SA: Cryosurgery for skin cancer and cutaneous disorders. berg RA (Hrsg): The biology of cancer. New York: Garland Science; St. Louis: Mosby Co; 1985 2007: 119–158 [146] White SD, Rosychuk RA, Scott KV et al.: Use of isotretinoin and etretinate for the treatment of benign cutaneous neoplasia and 14 Photodynamische Therapie cutaneous lymphoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 387–391 [1] Allman R, Cowburn P, Mason M: Effect of photodynamic therapy [147] Wolfesberger B, Walter I, Hoelzl C et al.: Antineoplastic effect of in combination with ionizing radiation on human squamous cell car- the cyclooxygenase inhibitor meloxicam on canine osteosarcoma cinoma cell lines of the head and neck. Br J Cancer. 2000; 83: 655– cells. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 80: 308–316 661 [148] Wolfesberger B, Tonar Z, Gerner W et al.: The tyrosine kinase [2] Borgatti-Jeffreys A, Hooser SB, Miller MA et al.: Phase I clinical inhibitor sorafenib decreases cell number and induces apoptosis in trial of the use of zinc phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate as a photosen- a canine osteosarcoma cell line. Res Vet Sci. 2010; 88: 94–100 sitizer for photodynamic therapy in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2007; 68: 399–404 [149] Zandvliet M, Teske E, Fink-Gienimels J et al.: The cytotoxic effect [3] Buchholz J, Kaser-Hotz B: Kombination von photodynamischer

of masitinib (Masivet) on a canine leukemia cell line does not result Literaturverzeichnis from inhibition of the ABC-transporters P-GP and MRP-1. 23. Conf Therapie und Hyperthermie mit wassergefiltertem Infrarotlicht zur ECVIM, Toulouse, 2010 Behandlung kutaner Plattenepithelkarzinome bei 15 Katzen: Eine Pilotstudie. Kleintierprax. 2010; 50: 248–254 [150] Zemke D, Yamini B, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V: Mutations in the juxtamembrane domain of c-KIT are associated with higher grade mast [4] Buchholz J, Walt H, Fidel J: Photodynamische Therapie beim feli- cell tumors in dogs. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 529–535 nen Plattenepithelkarzinom sowie bei verschiedenen kaninen Tumoren, Kleintierprax. 2003; 48: 405–418 [5] Buchholz J, Kaser-Hotz B, Khan T et al.: Optimizing photodynamic 13 Kryochirurgie therapy: in vivo pharmacokinetics of liposomal meta-(tetrahydroxy- phenyl)chlorin in feline squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. [1] Aquino SM: Management of eyelid neoplasms in the dog and cat. 2005; 11: 7538–7544 Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 2007; 22: 46–54 [6] Buchholz J, Wergin M, Walt H et al.: Photodynamic therapy of [2] Clarke RE: Cryosurgical treatment of feline cutaneous squamous feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma using a newly developed cell carcinoma. Aust Vet Pract. 1991; 21: 148–153 liposomal photosensitizer: Preliminary results concerning drug safety and efficacy. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 770–775 [3] Featherstone HJ, Renwick P, Heinrich CL et al.: Efficacy of lamellar resection, cryotherapy, and adjunctive grafting for the treatment of [7] Bergh van den H: On the evolution of some endoscopic light deli- canine limbal melanoma. Vet Ophthalmol. 2009; 12 Suppl 1: 65–72 very systems for photodynamic therapy. Endoscopy. 1998; 30: 392–407 [4] Gianonne JA: Cryotherapy for lesions of the ear, eye and nose. Mod Vet Pract. 1984; 65: 905 [8] Chen B, Pogue BW, Hoopes PJ et al.: Vascular and cellular targeting for photodynamic therapy. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2006; [5] Harvey HJ: Cryosurgery of oral tumors in dogs and cats. Vet Clin 16: 279–305 North Am Small Anim Pract. 1980; 10: 821–830 [9] Chen Q, Huang Z, Chen H et al.: Improvement of tumor response [6] Idowu AL: Cryosurgery of canine transmissible venereal tumor. by manipulation of tumor oxygenation during photodynamic the- Trop Vet. 1985; 3: 74–78 rapy. Photochem Photobiol. 2002; 76: 197–203 [7] Lana SE, Ogilvie GK, Withrow SJ et al.: Feline cutaneous squa- [10] Dolmans DE, Kadambi A, Hill JS et al.: Targeting tumor vascula- mous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum and the pinnae: 61 cases. ture and cancer cells in orthotopic breast tumor by fractionated J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 329–332 photosensitizer dosing photodynamic therapy. Cancer Res. 2002; [8] Latimer KS, Kaswan RL, Sundberg JP: Corneal squamous cell carci- 62: 4289–4294 noma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 1430–1432 [11] Ferreira I, Rahal SC, Rocha NS et al.: Hematoporphyrin-based pho- [9] Martens A. Kryochirurgie. In: Kramer M (Hrsg.): Kompendium der todynamic therapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in cats. allgemeinen Veterinärchirurgie. Hannover: Schlütersche; 2004: Vet Dermatol. 2009; 20: 174–178 323–325 [12] Fingar VH, Kik PK, Haydon PS et al.: Analysis of acute vascular [10] Multari D, Vascellari M, Mutinelli F: Hemangiosarcoma of the damage after photodynamic therapy using benzoporphyrin deriva- third eyelid in a cat. Vet Ophthalmol. 2002; 5: 273–276 tive (BPD). Br J Cancer. 1999; 79: 1702–1708 [11] Queiroz GF: Clinical study of cryosurgery efficacy in the treatment [13] Fingar V, Wieman T, Wiehle S et al.: The role of microvascular of skin and subcutaneous tumors in dogs and cats. Vet Surg. 2008; damage in photodynamic therapy: the effect of treatment on vessel 37: 438–434 constriction, permeability, and leukocyte adhesion. Cancer Res. [12] Siebert J, Behrens A: Kryochirurgie in der Tiermedizin. Stuttgart: 1992; 52: 4914–4921 Enke; 1996 [14] Frimberger AE, Moore AS, Cincotta L et al.: Photodynamic the- [13] Sinclair RD, Dawber RP: Cryosurgery of malignant and premalig- rapy of naturally occurring tumors in animals using a novel benzo- nant diseases of the skin: A simple approach. Aust J Dermatol. phenothiazine photosensitizer. Clin Cancer Res. 1998; 4: 2207– 1995; 36: 133–142 2218 [14] Toursel W: Kryobiologische Grundzüge. In: Matthäus W (Hrsg.): [15] Gollnick SO, Vaughan L, Henderson BW: Generation of effective Kryotherapie in der Ophthalmologie und Dermatologie und Grund- antitumor vaccines using photodynamic therapy. Cancer Res. 2002; lagen der therapeutischen Kälteanwendung. Leipzig: Johann Amb- 62: 1604–1608 rosius Barth; 1989: 21–29 [16] Gomer CJ, Ferrario A, Murphree AL: The effect of localised por- [15] Ward DA, Latimer KS, Askren RM: Squamous cell carcinoma of phyrin photodynamic therapy on the induction of tumour metasta- the corneoscleral limbus in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: sis. Br J Cancer. 1987; 56: 27–32 1503–1506 [17] Hahn KA, Panjehpour M, Legendre AM: Photodynamic therapy [16] Withrow SJ: Cryosurgery. In: Withrow SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Small response in cats with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma as a func- Animal Oncology. 4. Aufl. St. Louis: Saunders; 2007: 275–280 tion of fluence. Vet Dermatol. 1998; 9: 3–7

[18] Henderson BW, Waldow SM, Mang TS et al.: Tumor destruction [39] Stell AJ, Dobson JM, Langmack K: Photodynamic therapy of feline and kinetics of tumor cell death in two experimental mouse tumors superficial squamous cell carcinoma using topical 5-aminolaevulinic following photodynamic therapy. Cancer Res. 1985; 45: 572–576 acid. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; 42: 164–169 [19] Jacobs TM, Rosen GM: Photodynamic therapy as a treatment for [40] Svaasand L, Wyss P, Wyss MT et al.: Dosimetry model for photo- esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp dynamic therapy with topically administered photosensitizers. Assoc. 2000; 36: 257–261 Lasers Surg Med. 1996; 18: 139–149 [20] Kelleher DK, Bastian J, Thews O et al.: Enhanced effects of amino- [41] Thomas JP, Girotti AW: Glucose administration augments in vivo laevulinic acid based photodynamic therapy through local hyper- uptake and phototoxicity of the tumor-localizing fraction of hema- thermia in rat tumors. Br J Cancer. 2003; 89: 405–411 toporphyrin derivate. Photochem Photobiol. 1989; 49: 241–247 [21] Kelty CJ, Brown NJ, Reed MW et al.: The use of 5-aminolaevulinic [42] Tromberg BJ, Orenstein A, Kimel S et al.: In vivo tumor oxygen acid as a photosensitiser in photodynamic therapy and photodiag- tension measurements for the evaluation of the efficiency of photo- nosis. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2002; 1: 158–168 dynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol. 1990; 52: 375–385 [22] Knapp DW, Adams LG, DeGrand AM: Sentinel lymph node mapping of invasive urinary bladder cancer in animal models using invisible light. European Urology. 2007; 52: 1700–1709 15 Hyperthermie [23] Korbelik M, Dougherty GJ: Photodynamic therapy-mediated immune response against subcutaneous mouse tumors. Cancer [1] Aoki H, Kakinuma K, Morita K et al.: Therapeutic efficacy of targe- Res. 1999; 59: 1941–1946 ting chemotherapy using local hyperthermia and thermosensitive liposome: evaluation of drug distribution in a rat glioma model. Int J [24] Lucroy MD, Edwards B, Peavy GM et al.: Preclinical study in cats Hyperthermia. 2004; 20: 595–605 of the pro-photosensitizer 5-aminolevulinic acid. Am J Vet Res. 1999; 60: 1364–1370 [2] Arora D, Cooley D, Perry T et al.: MR thermometry-based feedback control of efficacy and safety in minimum-time thermal thera- [25] Lucroy MD, Ridgway TD, Peavy GM: Preclinical evaluation of pies: phantom and in-vivo evaluations. Int J Hyperthermia. 2006; 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy for canine tran- 22: 29–42 sitional cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2003; 1: 76–85 [3] Breasted JH: The Edwin Smith surgical papyrus. In: Licht S (Hrsg.): [26] Lucroy MD, Long KR, Blaik MA: Photodynamic therapy for the Therapeutic heat and cold. 2. Aufl. New Haven: Waverly Press; treatment of intranasal tumors in 3 dogs and 1 cat. J Vet Intern 1930: 196 Med. 2003; 17: 727–729 [4] Buscarini E, Savoia A, Brambilla G et al.: Radiofrequency ablation [27] Lucroy MD, Bowles MH, Russell GH et al.: Photodynamic therapy of liver tumors, Eur Radiol. 2005; 15: 884–894 for prostatic carcinoma in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 235– 237 [5] Carter DL, MacFall JR, Clegg ST et al: Magnetic resonance thermometry during hyperthermia for human high-grade sarcoma, Int J [28] Ma LW, Moan J, Steen HB et al.: Anti-tumor activity of photodyna- Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998; 40: 815–822 mic therapy in combination with mitomycin C in nude mice with human colon adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer. 1995; 71: 950–956 [6] Cernicanu A, Lepetit-Coiffé M, Viallon M et al.: New horizons in MR-controlled and monitored radiofrequency ablation of liver [29] Magne ML, Rodriguez CO, Autry SA et al.: Photodynamic therapy tumours. Cancer Imaging. 2007; 7: 160–166 of facial squamous cell carcinoma in cats using a new photosensitizer. Lasers Surg Med. 1997; 20: 202–209 [7] Chen Q, Tong S, Dewhirst MW et al.: Targeting tumor microves- sels using doxorubicin encapsulated in a novel thermosensitive lipo- [30] Maisch T, Szeimies RM, Lehn N et al.: Antibacterial photodynamic some. Mol Cancer Ther. 2004; 3: 1311–1317 therapy. A new treatment for superficial bacterial infections? Haut- arzt. 2005; 56: 1048–1055. [8] Cheng KS, Stakhursky V, Stauffer P et al.: Online feedback focusing algorithm for hyperthermia cancer treatment. Int J Hyperther- [31] Mazière JC, Morlière P, Santus R: The role of the low density lipo- mia. 2007; 23: 539–554 protein receptor pathway in the delivery of lipophilic photosensitizers in the photodynamic therapy of tumours. Photochem Photo- [9] Clasen S, Pereira PL: Magnetic resonance guidance for radiofre- biol. 1991; 8: 351–360 quency ablation of liver tumors. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008; 27: 421–433 [32] McCaw DL, Pope ER, Payne JT et al.: Treatment of canine oral squamous cell carcinomas with photodynamic therapy. Br J Cancer. [10] Coley WB: The treatment of malignant tumors by repeated inocu- 2000; 82: 1297–1299 lation of erysipelas, with a report of ten original cases. Am J Med Sci. 1893; 105: 487–511 und Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991; 262: 3– [33] McCaw DL, Payne JT, Pope ER et al.: Treatment of canine heman- 11 giopericytomas with photodynamic therapy. Lasers Surg Med. 2001; 29: 23–26 [11] Das SK, Macfall J, McCauley R et al.: Improved magnetic resonance thermal imaging by combining proton resonance frequency [34] Payne JT, McCaw DL, Rogers K et al.: Treatment of naturally occu- shift (PRFS) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) data. Int J ring hemangiopericytoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma in Hyperthermia. 2005; 21: 657–667 dogs using surgery and photodynamic therapy with HPPH as a photosensitizer. SPIE. 1995; 2395: 622–626 [12] Dayanc BE, Beachy SH, Ostberg JR et al.: Dissecting the role of hyperthermia in natural killer cell mediated anti-tumor responses. [35] Peaston AE, Leach MW, Higgins RJ: Photodynamic therapy for Int J Hyperthermia. 2008; 24: 41–56 nasal and aural squamous cell carcinoma in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1261–1265 [13] Deandrea M, Limone P, Basso E et al.: US-guided percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation for the treatment of solid benign [36] Reeds KB, Ridgway TD, Higbee RG et al.: Non-coherent light for hyperfunctioning or compressive thyroid nodules. Ultrasound Med photodynamic therapy of superficial tumours in animals. Vet Comp Biol Jan. 2008; 34: 784–791 Oncol. 2004; 2: 157–163 [14] Denman DL, Legorreta RA, Kier AB et al.: Therapeutic responses [37] Ridgway TD, Lucroy MD: Phototoxic effects of 635-nm light on of spontaneous canine malignancies to combinations of radiothe- canine transitional cell carcinoma cells incubated with 5-aminolevu- rapy and hyperthermia. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1991; 21: 415– linic acid. Am J Vet Res. 2003; 64: 131–136 422 [38] Schneider R, Tirand L, Frochot C et al.: Recent improvements in the use of synthetic peptides for a selective photodynamic therapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2006; 6: 469–488

[15] Dewey WC, Hopwood LE, Sapereto SA et al: Cellular responses to [37] Kinsey AM, Diederich CJ, Tyreus PD et al.: Multisectored intersti- combination of hyperthermia and radiation, Radiology. 1977; 123: tial ultrasound applicators for dynamic angular control of thermal 463–474 therapy. Med Phys. 2006; 33: 1352–1363 [16] Dewhirst MW, Vujaskovic Z, Zones E et al: Re-setting the biologi- [38] Kleiter MM, Yu D, Mohammadian LA et al.: A tracer dose of tech- cal rationale for thermal therapy, Int J Hyperthermia. 2005; 21: netium-99m-labeled liposomes can estimate the effect of hyper- 779–790 thermia on intratumoral doxil extravasation. Clin Cancer Res. 2006; [17] Dewhirst MW, Prosnitz L, Thrall D et al.: Hyperthermic treatment 12: 6800–6807 of malignant diseases: current status and a view toward the future. [39] Klingler HC, Susani M, Seip R et al.: A novel approach to energy Semin Oncol. 1997; 24: 616–625 ablative therapy of small renal tumours: Laparoscopic High-Inten- [18] Dewhirst MW, Sim DA, Connor WG: Importance of tumor tempe- sity Focused Ultrasound. Eur Urol. 2007; 53: 810–816 rature in determining early and long-term responses of sponta- [40] Kong G, Braun RD, Dewhirst MW: Characterization of the effect neous canine and feline tumors to heat and radiation, Cancer Res. of hyperthermia on nanoparticle extravasation from tumor vascula- 1984; 44: 43–50 ture. Cancer Res. 2001; 61: 3027–3032 [19] Dewhirst MW, Sim DA: The utility of thermal dose as a predictor [41] Kong G, Braun RD, Dewhirst MW: Hyperthermia enables tumor-

of tumor and normal tissue responses to combined radiation and specific nanoparticle delivery: effect of particle size. Cancer Res. Literaturverzeichnis hyperthermia. Cancer Res. 1984; 44 (Suppl 10): 4772–4780 2000, 60: 4440–4405 [20] Dvorak J, Zoul Z, Melichar B et al.: Liposomal doxorubicin combi- [42] Kong G, Anyarambhatla G, Petros WP et al.: Efficacy of liposomes ned with regional hyperthermia: reducing systemic toxicity and and hyperthermia in a human tumor xenograft model: importance improving locoregional efficacy in the treatment of solid tumors. J of triggered drug release. Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 6950–6957 Chemother. 2004; 16 (Suppl 5): 34–36 [43] Kong G, Dewhirst MW: Hyperthermia and liposomes, Int J Hyper- [21] El-Sharkawy AM, Sotiriadis PP, Bottomley PA et al.: Absolute thermia. 1999; 15: 345–370 temperature monitoring using RF radiometry in the MRI scanner. [44] Kouloulias VE, Koukourakis GV, Petridis AK et al.: The efficacy of IEEE Trans Circuits Syst I Regul Pap. 2006; 53: 2396–2404 caelyx and hyperthermia for anticancer treatment. Recent Patents [22] Frew DG, Dobson JM, Stenning SP et al.: Response of 145 sponta- Anticancer Drug Discov. 2007; 2: 246–250 neous canine head and neck tumours to radiation versus radiation [45] Larue SM, Fox MH, Ogilvie GK et al.: Tumour cell kinetics as pre- plus microwave hyperthermia: results of a randomized phase III cli- dictors of response in canine lymphoma treated with chemotherapy nical study. Int J Hyperthermia. 1995; 11: 217–230 alone or combined with whole body hyperthermia. Int J Hyperther- [23] Gadelta C, Catino A, Ranieri G et al: Radiofrequency thermal abla- mia. 1999; 15: 475–486 tion of 69 lung neoplasms, J Chemother. 2004; 16 (Suppl. 5): 86–89 [46] Lee RJ, Buchanan M, Kleine LJ et al.: Arrays of multielement ultra- [24] Germain D, Chevallier P, Laurent A et al.: MR monitoring of sound applicators for interstitial hyperthermia. IEEE Trans Biomed tumour thermal therapy. MAGMA. 2001; 13: 47–59 Eng. 1999; 46: 880–890 [25] Gerweck L, Rottinger E: Enhancement of mammalian cell sensiti- [47] Liang P, Wang Y: Microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. vity to hyperthermia by pH alteration. Radiat Res. 1976; 67: 508– Oncology. 2007; 72 (Suppl 1): 124–131 511 [48] Lohr F, Hu JK, Huang Q et al.: Enhancement of radiotherapy by [26] Gillette SM, Dewhirst MW, Gillette EL et al.: Response of canine hyperthermia-regulated gene therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. soft tissue sarcomas to radiation or radiation plus hyperthermia: a 2000; 48: 1513–1518 randomized phase II study. Int J Hyperthermia. 1992; 8: 309–320 [49] Lora-Michiels M, Yu D et al.: Extracellular pH and P-31 magnetic [27] Gillette EL, McChesney SL, Dewhirst MW et al.: Response of resonance spectroscopic variables are related to outcome in canine canine oral carcinomas to heat and radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol soft tissue sarcomas treated with thermoradiotherapy. Clin Cancer Phys. 1987; 13: 1861–8167 Res. 2006; 12: 5733–5740 [28] Gillette EL, Ensley BA: Effect of heat, radiation and pH on mouse [50] MacFall JR, Soher BJ: From the RSNA refresher courses: MR imaging mammary tumor cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Bio Phys. 1983; 9: 1521– in hyperthermia. Radiographics. 2007; 27: 1809–1818 1525 [51] Mahnken AH, Gunther RW, Tacke J: Radiofrequency ablation of [29] Habash RW, Bansal R, Krewski D et al.: Thermal therapy, Part IV: renal tumors, Eur Radiol. 2004; 14: 1449–1455 electromagnetic and thermal dosimetry. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. [52] McTaggart RA, Dupuy DE: Thermal ablation of lung tumors. Tech 2007; 35: 123–182 Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007; 10: 102–113 [30] Habash RW, Bansal R, Krewski D et al.: Thermal therapy, Part III: [53] Mallery KF, Pollard RE, Nelson RW et al.: Percutaneous ultra- ablation techniques. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2007; 35: 37–121 sound-guided radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of hyper- [31] Hall EJ: Hyperthermia. In Hall EJ (Hrsg.): Radiobiology for the radio- thyroidism in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 223: 1602–1607 logist. 5. Aufl. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams& Wilkins; 2000: [54] Masunaga S, Nagata K, Suzuki M et al.: Inhibition of repair of 495–520 radiation-induced damage by mild temperature hyperthermia, [32] Hauck ML, LaRue SM, Petros WP et al.: Phase I trial of doxorubi- referring to the effect on quiescent cell populations. Radiat Med. cin-containing low temperature sensitive liposomes in spontaneous 2007; 25: 417–425 canine tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2006; 12: 4004–4010 [55] Matteucci ML, Anyarambhatla G, Rosner G et al.: Hyperthermia [33] Hauck ML, Price GS, Ogilvie GK et al.: Phase I evaluation of mito- increases accumulation of technetium-99m-labeled liposomes in xantrone alone and combined with whole body hyperthermia in feline sarcomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2000; 6: 3748–3755 dogs with lymphoma. Int J Hyperthermia. 1996; 12: 309–320 [56] Mazzaglia PJ, Berber E, Siperstein AE.: Radiofrequency thermal [34] Huang Q, Hu JK, Lohr F et al: Heat-induced gene expression as a ablation of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors in the liver. Curr novel targeted cancer gene strategy, Cancer Res 2000; 60: 3435– Treat Options Oncol. 2007; 8: 322–330 3439 [57] Needham D, Anyarambhatla G, Kong G et al.: A new tempera- [35] Hynynen K.: The feasibility of interstitial ultrasound hyperthermia. ture-sensitive liposome for use with mild hyperthermia: characteri- Med Phys. 1992; 19: 979–987 zation and testing in a human tumor xenograft model. Cancer Res. [36] Jones E, Thrall D, Dewhirst MW et al.: Prospective thermal dosi- 2000; 60: 1197–1201 metry: the key to hyperthermiaʼs future. Int J Hyperthermia. 2006; 22: 247–253

[58] Nicholl MB, Bilchik AJ: Thermal ablation of hepatic malignancy: [80] Seegenschmidt MG, Fessenden P, Vernon CC (Hrsg.): Thermo- Useful but still not optimal. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008; 34: 318–323 radiotherapy- and Thermochemotherapy. Volume 1: Biology, Phy- [59] Novotney CA, Page RL, Macy DW et al.: Phase I evaluation of siology, Physics. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag 1995 doxorubicin and whole-body hyperthermia in dogs with lymphoma. [81] Siddiqui F, Li CY, Larue SM et al.: A phase I trial of hyperthermia- J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 245–249 induced interleukin-12 gene therapy in spontaneously arising feline [60] Ostberg JR, Repasky EA: Emerging evidence indicates that physio- soft tissue sarcomas. Mol Cancer Ther. 2007; 6: 380–389 logically relevant thermal stress regulates dendritic cell function. [82] Siddiqui F, Li CY, Zhang X et al.: Characterization of a recombinant Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2006; 55: 292–298 adenovirus vector encoding heat-inducible feline interleukin-12 for [61] Page RL, Lee J, Riviere JE et al.: Absence of whole body hyperther- use in hyperthermia-induced gene-therapy. Int J Hyperthermia. mia effect on cisplatin distribution in spontaneous canine tumors. 2006; 22: 117–1134 Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995; 32: 1097–1102 [83] Song CW, Park H, Griffin RJ: Improvement of tumor oxygenation [62] Page RL, McEntee MC, Williams PL et al.: Effect of whole body by mild hyperthermia. Radiat Res. 2001; 155: 515–28 hyperthermia on carboplatin disposition and toxicity in dogs. Int J [84] Stern JM, Cadeddu JA: Emerging use of nanoparticles for the thera- Hyperthermia. 1994; 10: 807–816 peutic ablation of urologic malignancies. Urol Oncol. 2008; 26: 93– [63] Page RL, Thrall DE, George SL et al.: Quantitative estimation of 96 the thermal dose-modifying factor for cis-diamminedichloroplati- [85] Stern JM, Stanfield J, Kabbani W et al.: Selective prostate cancer num (CDDP) in tumour-bearing dogs. Int J Hyperthermia. 1992; 8: thermal ablation with laser activated gold nanoshells. J Urol. 2008; 761–769 179: 748–753 [64] Page RL, Macy DW, Ogilvie GK et al.: Phase III evaluation of doxo- [86] Tashjian JA, Dewhirst MW, Needham D et al.: Rationale for and rubicin and whole-body hyperthermia in dogs with lymphoma. Int J measurement of liposomal drug delivery with hyperthermia using Hyperthermia. 1992; 8: 187–197 non-invasive imaging techniques. Int J Hyperthermia. 2008; 24: 79– [65] Page RL, Thrall DE, Dewhirst MW et al.: Phase I study of melpha- 90 lan alone and melphalan plus whole body hyperthermia in dogs [87] Théon AP, Madewell BR, Moore AS et al.: Localized thermo-cispla- with malignant melanoma. Int J Hyperthermia. 1991; 7: 559–566 tin therapy: a pilot study in spontaneous canine and feline tumours. [66] Park BK, Kim CK: Using an electrode as a lever to increase the dis- Int J Hyperthermia. 1991; 7: 881–892 tance between renal cell carcinoma and bowel during CT-guided [88] Thrall DE, Larue SM, Pruitt AF et al.: Changes in tumour oxygena- radiofrequency ablation. Eur Radiol. 2008; 18: 743–746 tion during fractionated hyperthermia and radiation therapy in [67] Ponce AM, Viglianti BL, Yu D et al.: Magnetic resonance imaging spontaneous canine sarcomas. Int J Hyperthermia. 2006; 22: 365– of temperature-sensitive liposome release: drug dose painting and 73 antitumor effects. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007; 99: 53–63 [89] Thrall DE, LaRue SM, Yu D et al.: Thermal dose is related to dura- [68] Poulsen JM: Hyperthermia. In Withrow SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): With- tion of local control in canine sarcomas treated with thermoradio- rowʼs & Mac Ewenʼs Small Animal Clinical Oncology. 4. Aufl. St. therapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2005; 11: 5206–5214 Louis, Missouri: Saunders Elsevier 2007: 280–282 [90] Thrall DE, Rosner GL, Azuma C et al.: Using units of CEM 43 [69] Pritchard MT, Wolf SF, Kraybill WF et al.: The anti-tumor effect of degrees C T90, local hyperthermia thermal dose can be delivered as interleukin-12 is enhanced by mild (fever-range) thermal therapy. prescribed. Int J Hyperthermia. 2000; 16: 415–428 Immunol Invest. 2005; 34: 361–380 [91] Thrall DE, LaRue SM, Powers BE: Use of whole body hyperthermia [70] Repasky E, Issels R: Physiological consequences of hyperthermia: as a method to heat inaccessible tumours uniformly: a phase III trial heat, heat shock proteins and the immune response. Int J Hyper- in canine brain masses. Int J Hyperthermia. 1999; 15: 383–398 thermia. 2002; 18: 486–489 [92] Thrall DE, Prescott DM, Samulski TV et al.: Radiation plus local [71] Rhim H, Lim HK, Kim YS et al.: Percutaneous radiofrequency abla- hyperthermia versus radiation plus the combination of local and tion with artificial ascites for hepatocellular carcinoma in the hepa- whole-body hyperthermia in canine sarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol tic dome: initial experience. Am J Roentgenol. 2008; 190: 91–98 Biol Phys. 1996; 34: 1087–1096 [72] Rieke V, Butts Pauly K: MR thermometry. J Magn Reson Imaging. [93] Trembly BS, Douple EB, Ryan TP et al.: Effect of phase modulation 2008; 27: 376–390 on the temperature distribution of a microwave hyperthermia antenna array in vivo. Int J Hyperthermia. 1994; 10: 691–705 [73] Rieke V, Kinsey AM, Ross AB et al.: Referenceless MR thermometry for monitoring thermal ablation in the prostate. IEEE Trans [94] van der Heijden AG, Verhaegh G, Jansen CF et al.: Effect of hyper- Med Imaging. 2007; 26: 813–821 thermia on the cytotoxicity of 4 chemotherapeutic agents currently used for the treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: [74] Rine GP, Dewhirst MW, Cobb ED et al.: Feasibility of estimating an in vitro study. J Urol. 2005; 173: 1375–1380 the temperature distribution in a tumor heated by a waveguide applicator. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1992; 23: 1009–1019 [95] van Rhoon GC, Wust P: Introduction: non-invasive thermometry for thermotherapy. Int J Hyperthermia. 2005; 21: 489–495 [75] Robins HI, Woods JP, Schmitt CL et al.: A new technological approach to radiant heat whole body hyperthermia. Cancer Lett. [96] Viglianti BL, Abraham SA, Michelich CR et al.: In-vivo monitoring 1994; 79: 137–145 of tissue pharmacokinetics of liposome/drug using MRI: Illustration of targeted delivery. Magn Reson Med. 2004; 51: 1153–1162 [76] Roti JL: Cellular responses to hyperthermia (40–46 degrees C): Cell killing and molecular events. Int J Hyperthermia. 2008; 24: 3–15 [97] Vujaskovic Z, Song CW: Physiological mechanisms underlying heat-induced radiosensitization. Int J Hyperthermia. 2004: 20: 163– [77] Ryan TP, Hartov A, Colacchio TA et al.: Analysis and testing of a 174 concentric ring applicator for ultrasound hyperthermia with clinical results. Int J Hyperthermia. 1991; 7: 587–603 [98] Vujaskovic Z, Poulsen JM, Gaskin AA et al: Temperature-dependent changes in physiologic parameters of spontaneous canine soft [78] Ryan TP, Wikoff RP, Hoopes PJ: Design of an automated tempera- tissue sarcomas after combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia ture mapping system for ultrasound or microwave hyperthermia. J treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000; 46: 179–185 Biomed Eng. 1991; 13: 348–354 [99] Yeh MM, Trembly BS, Douple EB et al.: Theoretical and experi- [79] Schirmang TC, Dupuy DE: Image-guided thermal ablation of non- mental analysis of air cooling for intracavitary microwave hyperther- resectable hepatic tumors using the Cool-Tip radiofrequency abla- mia applicators. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1994; 41: 874–882 tion system. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2007; 4: 803–14

[100] Wu NZ, Braun RD, Gaber MH et al.: Simultaneous measurement [19] Giger U: Erythropoetin and its clinical use. Comp Cont Educ. 1992; of liposome extravasation and content release in tumors. Microcir- 14: 25 culation. 1997; 4: 83–101 [20] Giger U, Gelens CJ, Callan MB et al.: An acute hemolytic transfu- [101] Xu Y, Choi J, Hylander B et al.: Fever-range whole body hyperther- sion reaction caused by dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1 incompatibility mia increases the number of perfused tumor blood vessels and the- in a previously sensitized dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: rapeutic efficacy of liposomally encapsulated doxorubicin. Int J 1358–1362 Hyperthermia. 2007; 23: 513–527 [21] Giger U, Stieger K, Palos H: Comparison of various canine blood- typing methods. Am J Vet Res. 2005; 66: 1386–1392 [22] Graf C, Kohn B: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in canine 16 Supportive Therapie blood transfusion products. Proceedings of the ECVIM, Porto, 2009: 275 16.1 Management tumorbedingter Anämien [23] Griot-Wenk ME, Giger U: Feline transfusion medicine. Blood types [1] Abrams-Ogg ACG: Platelet and granulocyte transfusions. In: Feld- and their clinical importance. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. – man BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 1995; 25: 1305 1322

Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 844–848 [24] Harrell KA, Kristensen AT: Canine transfusion reactions and their Literaturverzeichnis [2] Abrams-Ogg ACG: Triggers for prophylactic use of platelet transfu- management. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1995; 25: – sions and optimal platelet dosing in thrombocytopenic dogs and 1333 1364 cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 1401–1418 [25] Hohenhaus AE: Transfusion reactions. In: Feldman BF, Zinkl JG, Jain ’ [3] Andrews GA: Red blood cell antigens and blood groups in the dog NC (Hrsg.): Schalm s Veterinary Hematology. Philadelphia: Lippin- – and cat. In: Feldman BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veteri- cott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 864 868 nary Hematology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: [26] Hohenhaus AE: Transfusion issues in the cancer patient. Clin Techn 767–773 Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 135–138 [4] Auer L, Bell K: The AB-blood group system of cats. Anim Blood [27] Hohenhaus AE: Blood transfusion and blood substitutes. In: DiBar- Groups Biochem Genet. 1981; 12: 287–297 tola SP (Hrsg.) Fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorders in small ani- – [5] Bell K: The blood groups of domestic animals. In: Agar AS, Board mal practice. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2006: 567 583 PG P.G. (Hrsg.): Red blood cells of domestic mammals. Amsterdam: [28] Jonas LD, Thrall MA, Weiser MG: Nonregenerative form of Elsevier Science Publishers; 1983: 133–164 immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp – [6] Beutler E: Preservation and clinical use of erythrocytes and whole Assoc. 1987; 23: 201 204 blood. In; Lichtman MA, Beutler E, Kipps TJ et al. (Hrsg.): Williams [29] Kerl ME, Hohenhaus AE: Packed red blood cell transfusions in dogs: Hematology. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2006: 2159–2173 131 cases (1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1495–1499 [7] Blais MC, Berman L, Oakley DA et al.: Canine Dal blood type: a [30] Kohn B, Niggemeier A, Reitemeyer S et al.: Blutgruppenbestim- red cell antigen lacking in some Dalmatians. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; mung bei der Katze mit Hilfe einer neuen Testkartenmethode. 21: 281–286 Kleintierprax. 1997; 42, 937–1022 [8] Blumberg N, Heal JM: Effects of transfusion on immune function: [31] Kohn B, Reitemeyer S, Giger U: Bestimmung der Blutgruppe DEA cancer reoccurence and infection. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1994; 118: 1.1 und deren Bedeutung beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 1998; 43: 77– 371–379 86 [9] Bokemeyer C, Oechsle K, Hartmann J-T: Anaemia in cancer [32] Kohn B, Reitemeyer S, Giger U et al.: Etablierung einer Blutbank patients: pathophysiology, incidence and treatment. Europ J Clin für Hunde an einer Kleintierklinik. Kleintierprax. 2000; 5: 331–343 Invest. 2005; 35 (Suppl. 3): 26–31 [33] Kohn B, Engelbrecht R, Leibold W et al.: Klinische Befunde, Diag- [10] Brooks M: Transfusion of plasma and plasma derivatives. In: Feld- nostik und Behandlungserfolge bei der primären und sekundären man BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. immunbedingten Thrombozytopenie beim Hund. Kleintierprax. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 838–843 2000; 45: 893–907 [11] Busch ORC, Hop WCJ, Marquet RL et al.: Prognostic impact of [34] Kohn B, Roleff S, Reif S: Chronische Blutungsanämie bei 15 Hun- blood transfusions on disease-free survival in colorectal carcinoma. den. Kleintierprax. 2004; 49: 551–562 Scand J Gastroenterol. 1993; 200: 21–23 [35] Kohn B, Giger U: Anämien, Polyzythämien, Gerinnungsstörungen. [12] Callan MB: Red blood cell transfusion in the dog and cat. In: Feld- In: Suter PF, Kohn B (Hrsg.): Praktikum der Hundeklinik. 10. Auflage, man BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. Stuttgart: Parey; 2006: 582–613 Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 833–837 [36] Kohn B, Linden T, Leibold W: Platelet-bound antibodies detected [13] Callan MB, Rentko VT: Clinical application of a haemoglobin-based by a flow cytometric assay in cats with thrombocytopenia. J Fel Med oxygen carrying solution. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. Surg. 2006; 8: 254–260 2003; 33: 1277–1293 [37] Kohn B, Galke D, Beelitz P et al.: Clinical features of canine granu- [14] Council of Europe: Guide to the preparation, use and quality assu- locytic anaplasmosis in 18 naturally infected dogs. J Vet Intern Med. rance of blood components. 6. Aufl., 2000 2008; 22: 1289–1295 [15] Dellinger EP, Anaya DA: Infectious and immunologic consequences [38] Laird J: Erythropoietin: Can we afford to use it? Can we afford not of blood transfusion. Critical Care. 2004; 8: S18–S23 to? Transfusion Medicine. 2006; 16, 204–205 [16] Feldman BF: Nonregenerative anemia. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC [39] Maniwa Y, Okada N, Ishii N et al.: Vascular endothelial growth fac- (Hrsg.): Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. St. Louis: Elsevier tor increased by pulmonary surgery accelerates the growth of Saunders, St. Louis; 2005: 1908–1917 micrometastases in metastatic lung cancer. Chest. 1998; 114: – [17] Gibson GR, Callan MB, Hoffmann V et al.: Use of hemoglobin- 1668 1675 based oxygen-carrying solution in cats: 72 cases (1998–2000). J Am [40] Miller AG, Morley PS, Rao S et al.: Anemia is associated with Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 221: 96–102 decreased survival time in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intem Med. – [18] Giger U, Bücheler J: Transfusion of type-A and type-B blood to 2009; 23: 116 122 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 411–418 [41] Moullet I, Salles G, Ketterer N et al.: Frequency and significance of anemia in non-hodgkin’s lymphoma patients. Ann Oncol. 1998; 9: 1109–1115

[42] Muir WW, Wellmann ML: Hemoglobin solutions and tissue oxyge- [4] Fukushima R, Saito H, Taniwaka K et al.: Different roles of IL-1 nation. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 127–135 and TNF on hemodynamics and interorgan amino acid metabolism [43] Nielsen HJ, Werther K, Mynster T et al.: Soluble vascular endothe- in awake dogs. Am J Physiol. 1992; 262(3 Pt 1): E275–281 lial growth factor in various blood transfusion components. Transfu- [5] Mazzaferro EM, Hackett TB, Stein TP et al.: Metabolic alterations sion. 1999; 39: 1078–1083 in dogs with osteosarcoma. Am J Vet Res. 2001; 62: 1234–1239 [44] Patel H, Lall DG, Nasir FA et al.: Blood products have increased [6] Merlo A, Rezende BCG, Franchini ML et al.: Serum C-reactive pro- angiogenesis stimulating effects following storage. Blood. 2002; tein concentrations in dogs with multicentric lymphoma under- 100: 282a going chemotherapy. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 522–526 [45] Putsche J, Kohn B: Primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia [7] Michel KE, Sorenmo K, Shofer FS: Evaluation of body condition in 30 dogs (1997–2003). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 250– and weight loss in dogs presented to a veterinary oncology service. 257 J Vet Int Med. 2004; 18: 692–695 [46] Reitemeyer S, Kohn B, Brunnberg L et al.: Transfusionen von Voll- [8] Mischke R, Waterston M, Eckersall PD: Changes in C-reactive pro- blut und Erythrozytenkonzentrat beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 2000; tein and haptoglobin in dogs with lymphatic neoplasia. Vet J. 2007; 45: 669–684 174: 188–192 [47] Rentko VT, Sharpe TA: Red blood cell substitutes. In: Feldman BF, [9] Ogilvie GK, Fettman MJ, Mallinckrodt CH et al.: Effect of fish oil, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. Philadel- arginine, and doxorubicin chemotherapy on remission and survival phia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 874–878 time for dogs with lymphoma: a double-blind, randomized placebo- [48] Rudloff E: The role of blood component therapy in the manage- controlled study. Cancer. 2000; 88: 1916–1928 ment of canine and feline patients with cancer. Vet Clin North Am [10] Ogilvie GK, Salman MD, Kesel ML et al.: Effect of anesthesia and Small Anim Pract. 1995; 25: 1403–1416 surgery on energy expenditure determined by indirect calorimetry [49] Schneider A: Principles of blood collection and processing. In: Feld- in dogs with malignant and nonmalignant conditions. Am J Vet Res. man BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 1996; 57: 1321–1326 Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 827–832 [11] Ogilvie GK, Walters L, Salman MD et al.: Alterations in carbohyd- [50] Stieger K, Palos H, Giger U: Comparison of various blood-typing rate metabolism in dogs with nonhematopoietic malignancies. Am J methods for the feline AB blood group system. Am J Vet Res. 2005; Vet Res. 1997; 58: 277–281 66: 1393–1399 [12] Ogilvie GK, Walters LM, Fettman MJ et al.: Energy expenditure in [51] Tocci LJ, Ewing PJ: Increasing patient safety in veterinary transfu- dogs with lymphoma fed two specialized diets. Cancer. 1993; 71: sion medicine: an overview of pretransfusion testing. J Vet Emerg 3146–3152 Crit Care. (San Antonio) 2009; 19:66–73 [13] Ogilvie GK, Walters LM, Salman MD et al.: Resting energy expen- [52] Wardrop KJ: Selection of anticoagulant preservatives for canine diture in dogs with nonhematopoietic malignancies before and and feline blood storage. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. after excision of tumors. Am J Vet Res. 1996; 57: 1463–1467 1995; 25: 1263–1276 [14] Seidel A, Gueck T, Fuhrmann H: The Influence of long-chain poly- [53] Wardrop KJ: Clinical blood typing and crossmatching. In: Feldman unsaturated fatty acids on total lipid fatty acid composition of a BF, Zinkl JG, Jain NC (Hrsg.): Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. Phila- canine mastocytoma cell line. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. delphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000: 795–798 2005; 52: 219–224 [54] Wardrop KJ, Brooks MB: Stability of hemostatic proteins in canine [15] Shimada A, Morita T, Ikeda N et al.: Hypoglycaemic brain lesions fresh frozen plasma units. Vet Clin Pathol. 2001; 30: 91–95 in a dog with insulinoma. J Comp Pathol. 2000; 122: 67–71 [55] Wardrop KJ, Reine N, Birkenheuer A et al.: Canine and feline [16] Tisdale MJ: Cancer cachexia. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2004; 389: blood donor screening for infectious disease. J Vet Intern Med. 299–305 2005; 19: 135–142 [17] Vail DM, Ogilvie GK, Wheeler SL et al.: Alterations in carbohydrate [56] Weingart C, Giger U, Kohn B: Whole blood transfusions in 91 cats: metabolism in canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 8–11 a clinical evaluation. J Fel Med Surg. 2004; 6: 139–148 [18] Washizu T, Azakami D, Bonkobara M et al.: Changes in activities [57] Weingart C, Arndt G, Kohn B: Prävalenz der Blutgruppen A, B und of enzymes related to energy metabolism in canine lymphoma AB bei Haus- und Rassekatzen im Raum Berlin und Brandenburg. cells. J Vet Med Sci. 2005; 67: 615–616 Kleintierprax. 2006; 51: 189–197 [19] Zentek J: Entwicklungen und Perspektiven der Diätetik bei Tumor- [58] Weingart C, Kohn B: Clinical use of a haemoglobin-based oxygen erkrankungen. Übers Tierernährg. 1996; 24: 229–253 carrying solution (Oxyglobin®) in 48 cats (2002–2006). J Fel Med Surg. 10: 431–438 16.3 Ernährung des Tumorpatienten [59] Weinstein NM., Blais MC, Harris K et al.: A newly recognized [1] Armstrong PJ, Blanchard G: Hepatic lipidosis in cats. (Special blood group in domestic shorthair cats: the Mik red cell antigen. J Issue: Hepatology). Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2009; 39: Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 287–292 599–616 [60] Weingart C, Kohn B: Transfusion von Blut und Blutersatzstoffen bei [2] Bauer JE, Heinemann KM, Bigley KE et al: Maternal diet alpha-lino- der Katze. Kleintierprax. 2009; 54: 502–515 lenic acid during gestation and lactation does not increase docosa- hexaenoic acid in canine milk. J Nutr. 2004; 134: 2035s–2038s 16.2 Stoffwechselveränderungen bei [3] Biondo PD, Brindley DN, Sawyer MB et al.: The potential for treat- Krebserkrankungen ment with dietary long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids during chemotherapy. J Nutr Biochem. 2008; 19: 787–796 [1] Arai T, Ogawa T, Hosoya M et al.: Changes in activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in testicular tissues of dogs with [4] Chan DL, Freeman LM, Labato MA et al.: Retrospective evaluation seminoma. Vet Res Commun. 2002; 26: 347–352 of partial parenteral nutrition in dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 440–445 [2] Arai T, Ogino T, Gunji M et al.: Changes in glucose transport activities in mammary adenocarcinoma of dogs. Res Vet Sci. 1997; 62: [5] Chandler ML, Payne-James JJ: Prospective evaluation of a periphe- 85–86 rally administered three-in-one parenteral nutrition product in dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 518–523 [3] Argiles JM, Busquets S, Toledo M et al.: The role of cytokines in cancer cachexia. Curr Opinio Supp Pall Care. 2009; 3: 263–268

[6] Colomer R, Moreno-Nogueira JM, Garcia-Luna PP et al.: N-3 fatty [26] Vail DM, Ogilvie GK, Wheeler SL: Metabolic alterations in patients acids, cancer and cachexia: a systematic review of the literature. Br J with cancer cachexia. Comp Cont Ed Pract Vet. 1990; 12: 381–386 Nutr. 2007; 97: 823–831 [27] Weeth LP, Fascetti AJ, Kass PH et al.: Prevalence of obese dogs in [7] Farlopulos S: Klinische und ernährungsphysiologische Untersu- a population of dogs with cancer. Am J Vet Res. 2007; 68: 389–398 chungen zur parenteralen Ernährung von Hunden Hannover: Vet [28] Zentek: Developments and perspectives in the dietetic treatment Med Diss, Hannover; 2000 of cancer. Übers Tierernährg. 1996; 24: 229–253 [8] Haderer A: Vitaminkonzentrationen im Blut von Hunden mit chro- [29] Zentek J, Stephan I, Kramer S et al.: Response of dogs to short- nischen Lebererkrankungen, chronischen Nierenerkrankungen term infusions of carbohydrate- or lipid-based parenteral nutrition. J sowie von Hunden vor und nach Chemotherapie. Vet Med Diss, Vet Med A. 2003; 50: 313–321 Wien; 2007 [30] Zoran DL: Obesity in dogs and cats: a metabolic and endocrine dis- [9] Hand MS, Thatcher CD, Remillard RL, et al.: Klinische Diätetik für order. (Special Issue: Obesity, diabetes, and adrenal disorders.). Vet Kleintiere. Hannover: Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt 2003 Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2010; 40: 221–239 [10] Heinemann KM, Waldron MK, Bigley KE et al.: Long-chain (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids are more efficient than alpha-linolenic 16.4 Tumorschmerz

acid in improving electroretinogram responses of puppies exposed Literaturverzeichnis during gestation, lactation, and weaning. J Nutr. 2005; 135: 1960– [1] Bockstahler B, Levine D, Millis D (Hrsg.): Physiotherapie auf den 1966 Punkt gebracht. Rehabilitation und Schmerzmanagement. Baben- [11] Isolauri E, Juntunen M, Wiren S et al.: Intestinal permeability hausen: BE Vet Verlag; 2004 changes in acute gastroenteritis: effects of clinical factors and nutri- [2] Boria PA, Murry DJ, Bennett PF et al.: Evaluation of cisplatin com- tional management. J Ped Gastroent Nutr. 1989; 8: 466–473 bined with piroxicam for the treatment of oral malignant melanoma [12] Jergens AE, Morrison JA, Miles KG et al.: Percutaneous endoscopic and oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – gastrojejunostomy tube placement in healthy dogs and cats. J Vet 2004; 224: 388 394 Intern Med. 2007; 21: 18–24 [3] Doré M, Lanthier I, Sirois J: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in canine – [13] Kearns RJ, Hayek MG, Turek JJ et al.: Effect of age, breed and die- mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 207 212 tary omega-6 (n-6):omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid ratio on immune func- [4] Engert M: Klinischer Einsatz von Fentanyl-Patches beim Hund. tion, eicosanoid production, and lipid peroxidation in young and Pharmakokinetik, Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen. Diss med vet. aged dogs. Vet Immunol Immunpathol. 1999; 69: 165–183 Gießen; 2010 [14] Laflamme D: Developmental and validation of a body condition [5] Erhardt W, Henke J, Kroker R: Pharmaka im Rahmen der Anästhe- score system for dogs. Can Pract. 1997; 22:10–15 sie und der perioperativen Schmerzlinderung. In: Erhardt W, Henke [15] LeBlanc CJ, Horohov DW, Bauer JE et al.: Effects of dietary supple- J, Haberstroh J (Hrsg): Anästhesie und Analgesie beim Klein- und – mentation with fish oil on in vivo production of inflammatory Heimtier. Stuttgart-New-York; Schattauer; 2004: 15 138 mediators in clinically normal dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2008; 69: 486– [6] Gaynor JS, Muir WW (Hrsg.): Handbook of Veterinary Pain 493 Management. St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby; 2008 [16] Lippert AC.: Enteral and parenteral nutritional support in dogs and [7] Haskins S: Therapy for Shock. In: Bonagura J (Hrsg.): Kirk’s Current cats with gastrointestinal disease. Sem Vet Med Surg Small Anim. Veterinary Therapy XIII Small Animal Practice. Philadelphia: WB 1989; 4: 232–240 Saunders; 2000; 140–147 [17] Mawby DI, Bartges JW, DʼAvignon A et al.: Comparison of various [8] Hellebrekers LJ: Practical analgesic treatment in canine patients. methods for estimating body fat in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. In: Hellebrekers LJ (Hrsg.): Animal pain. Utrecht: Van der Wees; 2004; 40: 109–114 2000: 117–129 [18] Meyer H, Zentek J: Ernährung des Hundes. Stuttgart: MVS 2010 [9] Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 [19] Michel KE, Freeman LM: Critical care nutrition. past, present, and expression is associated with histological tumor type in canine – future. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2006; 16: S1 mammary carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 776 780 [20] Mohr AJ, Leisewitz AL, Jacobson LS et al.: Effect of early enteral [10] Henke J, Erhardt W. (Hrsg.): Schmerzmanagement bei Klein- und nutrition on intestinal permeability, intestinal protein loss, and out- Heimtieren. Stuttgart: Enke; 2001 come in dogs with severe parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med. [11] Henke J, Erhardt W: Analgesie. In: Erhardt W, Henke J, Haberstroh 2003; 17: 791–798 J (Hrsg): Anästhesie und Analgesie beim Klein- und Heimtier. Stutt- – [21] Ogilvie GK, Fettman MJ, Mallinckrodt CH et al.: Effect of fish oil, gart-New-York: Schattauer; 2004: 369 407 arginine, and doxorubicin chemotherapy on remission and survival [12] Henry CJ, McCaw DL, Turnquist SE et al.: Clinical evaluation of time for dogs with lymphoma: a double-blind, randomized placebo- mitxantrone and piroxicam in a canine model of human invasive uri- controlled study. Cancer. 2000; 88: 1916–1928 nary bladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2003; 9: 906–911 [22] Pyle SC, Marks SL, Kass PH: Evaluation of complications and prog- [13] Keates HL, Cramond T, Smith MT: Intraarticular and periarticular nostic factors associated with administration of total parenteral nut- opioid binding in inflamed tissue in experimental canine arthritis. rition in cats: 75 cases (1994–2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; Anesth Analg. 1999; 89: 409–415 225: 242–250 [14] Lamont AL: Management of chronic pain. In: Green SA (Hrsg.): [23] Roudebush P, Davenport DJ, Novotny BJ: The use of nutraceuti- Veterinary anesthesia and pain management secrets. Philadelphia: cals in cancer therapy. (Nutraceuticals and other biologic therapies). Hanley & Belfus, 2002: 345–352 Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2004; 34: 249–269 [15] Mohammed SI, Bennett PF, Craig BA et al.: Effects of the cyclo- [24] Selting KA, Ogilvie GK, Gustafson DL et al.: Evaluation of the oxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptosis, and effects of dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation on the pharmaco- angiogenesis in a canine model of human invasive urinary bladder kinetics of doxorubicin in dogs with lymphoma. Am J Vet Res. 2006; cancer. Cancer Res. 2002; 62: 356–358 67: 145–151 [16] Naruse T, Nishida Y, Hosono K et al.: Meloxicam inhibits osteosar- [25] Sonnenschein EG, Glickman LT, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Body con- coma growth, invasiveness and metastasis by COX-2-dependent formation, diet, and risk of breast cancer in pet dogs: a case-control and independent routes. Carcinogenesis. 2006; 27: 584–592 study. Am J Epid. 1991; 133: 694–703

[17] Paddleford RR: Analgesia and pain management. In: Paddleford RR [14] Goblirsch MJ, Mathews W, Lynch C et al.: Radiation treatment (Hrsg.): Manual of small animal anesthesia. 2. Auflg. Philadelphia, decreases bone cancer pain, osteolysis and tumor size. Radiat Res. Saunders; 1999: 227–246 2004; 161: 228–234 [18] Pieper K, Schuster T, Levionois O et al.: Antinociceptive efficacy [15] Goblirsch MJ, Lynch C, Mathews W et al.: Radiation treatment and plasma concentrations of transdermal buprenorphine in dogs. decreases bone cancer pain through direct effect on tumor cells. Vet J. 2011; 187: 335–341 Radiat Res. 2005; 164: 400–408 [19] Piersma FE, Daemen MA, Bogaard AE et al.: Interference of pain [16] Goblirsch MJ, Zwolak PP, Clohisy DR: Biology of bone cancer pain. control employing opioids in vivo immunological experiments. Lab Clin Cancer Res. 2006; 12: 6231–6235 Anim. 1999; 33: 328–333 [17] Green EM, Adams WM, Forrest LJ: Four fraction palliative radio- [20] Queiroga FL, Alves A, Pires I et al.: Expression of COX-1 and COX-2 therapy for osteosarcoma in 24 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; in canine mammary tumours. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 177–185 38: 445–451 [21] Ricketts AP, Lundy KM, Seibel SB: Evaluation of selective inhibition [18] Heidner GL, Page RL, McEntee MC et al.: Treatment of canine of canine cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 by carprofen and other nonsteroi- appendicular osteosarcoma using cobalt 60 radiation and intraate- dal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am J Vet Res. 1998; 59: 1441–1446 rial cisplatin. J Vet Intern Med. 1991; 5: 313–316 [22] Schele HA: Tumorschmerz. In: Diener HC, Maier C (Hrsg.): Das [19] Hof H, Debus J: Treatment of metastases–the place of radiothe- Schmerztherapiebuch. München, Wien, Baltimore: Urban und rapy. MMW Fortschr Med. 2005; 147: 31–33 Schwarzenberg; 1997 [20] Kandel-Tschiederer B: Palliative Bestrahlung mit 60Co-Teletherapie [23] Tacke S: Schmerzbehandlung in der Kleintiermedizin – anschaulich, beim appendikularen Osteosarkom des Hundes Vet med Diss, Leip- verständlich, interaktiv. CD-ROM. Stuttgart: Enke-Verlag; 2005 zig 2008 [24] Tranquilli W: Physiology of chronic pain. In: Green SA (Hrsg.): Vete- [21] Kessler M, Kandel-Tschiederer B, Schwietzer A et al.: Palliative rinary anesthesia and pain management secrets. Philadelphia: Han- radiation therapy in 100 dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma. ley & Belfus; 2002: 349– 347 Proc. 20th Ann Conf ECVIM, Toulouse, 2010 [25] Wolfesberger B, Walter I, Hoelzl C et al.: Antineoplastic effect of [22] Kleiter M, Kren G, Willmann M et al.: Palliative Bestrahlungsthera- the cyclooxygenase inhibitor meloxicam on canine osteosarcoma pie bei sechs Hunden mit einem Osteosarkom des Gliedmaßenske- cells. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 80: 308–316 letts. Tierärztl Prax. 2002; 30(K): 29–33 [23] Knapp-Hoch HM, Fidel JL, Sellon RK et al.: An expedited palliative 16.5 Strahlentherapie zur Schmerzbehandlung von radiation protocol for lytic or proliferative lesions of appendicular Tumorerkrankungen bone in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2009; 45: 24–32 [24] Konski A, Feigenberg S, Chow E: Palliative radiation therapy. [1] Affolter VK: Histiocytic proliferative diseases in dogs and cats. Proc Semin Oncol. 2005; 32: 156–164 29th WSAVA World Congress. Rhodes 2004 [25] Lamb HM, Faulds D: Samarium 153SM lexidronam. Drugs Aging. [2] Anderson P, Nunez R: Samarium lexidronam (153Sm-EDTMP): ske- 1997; 11: 413–419 letal radiation for osteoblastic bone metastases and osteosarcoma. [26] Lattimer JC, Corwin LA Jr, Stapleton J et al.: Clinical and clinico- Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2007; 7: 1517–1527 pathologic effects of samarium-153-EDTMP administered intrave- [3] Barnard SM, Zuber RM, Moore AS: Samarium SM 153 lexidronam nously to normal beagle dogs. J Nucl Med. 1990; 31: 601–602 for the palliative treatment of dogs with primary bone tumors: 35 [27] Lattimer JC, Corwin LA Jr, Stapleton J et al.: Clinical and clinicopa- cases (1999–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 1877–1881 thologic response of canine bone tumor patients to treatment with [4] Bateman KE, Catton PA, Pennock PW et al.: 0-7-21 Radiation the- samarium-153-EDTMP. J Nucl. Med. 1990; 31: 1316–1325 rapy for the palliation of advanced cancer in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. [28] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Ehrhart N et al.: Appendicular Osteosar- 1994; 8: 394–399 coma: Diagnosis and palliative treatment. Comp Cont Educ. 2004; [5] Bennett D, Morton C: A study of owner observed behavioural and 26: 172–183 lifestyle changes in cats with musculoskeletal disease before and [29] McEntee MC, Page RL, Novotney CA et al.: Palliative radiotherapy after analgesic therapy. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 997–1004 for canine appendicular osteosarcoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. [6] Boston SE, Ehrhart NP, Dernell WS et al.: Evaluation of survival 1993; 34: 367–370 time in dogs with stage III osteosarcoma that undergo treatment: [30] Mayer MN, Grier CK: Palliative radiation therapy for canine osteo- 90 cases (1985–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 12: 1905–1908 sarcoma. Can Vet J. 2006; 47: 707–709 [7] Brown DC, Boston R, Coyne JC et al.: A novel approach to the use [31] Mellor PJ, Polton GA, Brearley M et al.: Solitary plasmacytoma of of animals in studies of pain: validation of the canine brief pain bone in two successfully treated cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: inventory in canine bone cancer. Pain Med. 2009; 10: 133–142 72–77 [8] Ciezki JP, Komurcu S, Macklis RM: Palliative Radiotherapy. Semin [32] Milner RJ, Dormehl I, Louw WK et al.: Targeted radiotherapy with Oncol. 2000; 27: 90–93 Sm-153-EDTMP in nine cases of canine primary bone tumours. J S [9] Coomer A, Farese J, Milner R et al.: Radiation therapy for canine Afr Vet Assoc. 1998; 69: 12–17 appendicular osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 15–27 [33] Moe L, Boysen M, Aas M et al.: Maxillectomy and targeted radio- [10] Fan TM, Charney SC, de Lorimier LP et al.: Double-blind placebo- nuclide therapy with 153Sm-EDTMP in a recurrent canine osteosar- controlled trial of adjuvant pamidronate with palliative radiotherapy coma. J Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 241–246 and intravenous doxorubicin for canine appendicular osteosarcoma [34] Mueller F, Poirier V, Melzer K et al.: Palliative radiotherapy with bone pain. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 152–160 electrons of appendicular osteosarcoma in 54 dogs. In Vivo. 2005; [11] Farrelly J, McEntee MC: Principles and applications of radiation the- 19: 713–716 rapy. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 82–87 [35] Nielson OS, Bentzen SM, Sandberg E et al.: Randomized trial of [12] Fidel J, Schiller I, Hauser B et al.: Histiocytic sarcomas in flat-coa- single dose versus fractionated palliative radiotherapy of bone – ted retrievers: a summary of 37 cases (November 1998 March metastases. Radiother Oncol. 1998; 47: 233–240 2005). Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 63–74 [36] Paes FM, Serafini AN: Systemic metabolic radiopharmaceutical [13] Gaynor JS: Control of cancer pain in veterinary patients. Vet Clin therapy in the treatment of metastatic bone pain. Semin Nuc Med. – North Am Small Anim Pract. 2008; 38: 1429 1448 2010; 40: 89–104

[37] Price P, Hoskin PJ, Easton D et al.: Prospective randomized trial of [13] Baer KE, Helton K: Multicentric squamous cell carcinoma in situ single and multifraction radiotherapy schedules in the treatment of resembling Bowenʼs disease in cats. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 535–543 painful bony metastases. Radiother Oncol. 1986; 6: 247–255 [14] Baer KE, Patnaik AK, Gilbertson SR et al.: Cutaneous plasmacyto- [38] Ramirez O, Dodge RK, Page RL et al.: Palliative radiotherapy of mas in dogs: a morphologic and immunhistochemical study. Vet appendicular osteosarcoma in 95 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. Pathol. 1989; 26: 216–221 1999; 40: 517–522 [15] Baez JL, Hendrick MJ, Shofer FS et al.: Liposarcomas in dogs: 56 [39] Rubin P: Clinical oncology. Philiadelphia. W.B. Saunders; 1993 cases (1989–2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224: 887–891 [40] Rusbridge C, Wheeler SJ, Lamb CR et al.: Vertebral plasma cell [16] Bailey DB, Rassnick KM, Kristal O et al.: Phase I dose escalation of tumors in 8 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1999; 13: 126–133 single-agent vinblastine in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1397– [41] Siegel S, Cronin K: Palliative radiotherapy. Vet Clin North Am 1402 (Small Anim Pract). 1997; 27: 149–155 [17] Baines SJ, McCormick D, McInnes E et al.: Cutaneous T cell lym- [42] Thrall DE, LaRue SM: Palliative radiation therapy. Sem Vet Med phoma mimicking cutaneous histiocytosis: differentiation by flow Surg. 1995; 10: 205–208 cytometry. Vet Rec. 2000; 147: 11–16 [43] Vakaet LA, Boterberg T: Pain control by ionizing radiation of bone [18] Bak EJ, Chae CH: Histopathology of canine basal cell tumour.

metastasis. Int J Dev Biol. 2004; 48: 599–606 Korean J Vet Res. 1995; 35: 361–368 Literaturverzeichnis [44] Weinstein JI, Payne S, Poulson JM et al.: Use of force plate analysis [19] Baker-Gabb M, Hunt GB, France MP: Soft tissue sarcomas and to evaluate the efficacy of external beam radiation to alleviate mast cell tumours in dogs; clinical behaviour and response to sur- osteosarcoma pain. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 673–678 gery. Aust Vet J. 2003; 81: 732–738 [45] Wiseman-Orr ML, Scott EM, Reid J et al.: Validation of a struc- [20] Barber LG, Sorenmo KU, Cronin KL et al.: Combined doxorubicin tured questionnaire as an instrument to measure chronic pain in and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for nonresectable feline fib- dogs on the basis of effects on health-related quality of life. Am J rosarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 416–421 Vet Res. 2006; 67: 1826–1836 [21] Bardagí M, Fondevila D, Ferrer L: Immunohistochemical detection of COX-2 in feline and canine actinic keratoses and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Comp Pathol. 2012; 146: 11–17 17 Tumoren der Haut [22] Beale KM, Bolon B: Canine cutaneous lymphosarcoma: epitheliotropic and non epitheliotropic, a retrospective study. In: Ihrke PJ, [1] [Anonym]: CVMP advice on injection-site fibrosarcomas in cats. Vet Mason IS, White SD (Hrsg.) Advances in Veterinary Dermatology. Rec. 2003; 152: 381–382 Band 2, New York, Pergamon Press, 1993; 273–284 [2] Abadie JJ, Amardeilh MA, Delverdier ME: Immunohistochemical [23] Bell A, Mason K, Michell G et al.: Visceral and cutaneous mast cell detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 in mast cell neoplasia in a cat. Aust Vet Pract. 1994; 24: 86–91 tumors from dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 215: 1629–1634 [24] Bell JA, Sundberg JP, Ghim SJ et al.: A formalin-inactivated vaccine [3] Abramo F, Pratesi F, Cantile C et al.: Survey of canine and feline protects against mucosal papillomavirus infection: a canine model. follicular tumours and tumour-like lesions in central Italy. J Small Pathobiology. 1994; 62: 194–198 Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 479–481 [25] Bergman PJ, Withrow SJ, Straw RC et al.: Infiltrative lipoma in [4] Affolter VK, Gross TL, Moore PF: Indolent cutaneous T-cell lym- dogs: 16 cases (1981—1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 205: 322– phoma presenting as cutaneous lymphocytosis in dogs. Vet Derma- 324 tol. 2009; 20: 577–585 [26] Bexfield NH, Stell AJ, Gear RN et al.: Photodynamic therapy of [5] Affolter VK, Moore PF: Canine cutaneous and systemic histiocyto- superficial nasal planum squamous cell carcinomas in cats: 55 sis: reactive histiocytosis of dermal dendritic cells. Am J Dermatopa- cases. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1385–1389 thol. 2000; 22: 40–48 [27] Bohn AA, Wills T, Caplazi P: Basal cell tumor or cutaneous basilar [6] Al-Dissi AN, Haines DM, Singh B et al.: Immunohistochemical epithelial neoplasm? Rethinking the cytologic diagnosis of basal cell expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endo- tumors. Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; 35: 449–453 thelial growth factor receptor in canine cutaneous fibrosarcomas. J [28] Bolon B, Calderwood-Mays MB, Hall BJ: Characteristics of canine Comp Pathol. 2009; 141: 229–236 melanomas and comparison of histology and DNA ploidy to their [7] Anis EA, OʼNeill SH, Newkirk KM et al.: Molecular characterization biologic effect. Vet Pathol. 1990; 27: 96—102 of the L1 gene of papillomaviruses in epithelial lesions of cats and [29] Bostock DE, Dye MT: Prognosis after surgical excision of canine fib- comparative analysis with corresponding gene sequences of human rous connective tissue sarcomas. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 581–588 and feline papillomaviruses. Am J Vet Res. 2010; 71: 1457–1461 [30] Bostock DE, Dye MT: Prognosis after surgical excision of fibrosar- [8] Antognoni MT, Spaterna A, Lepri E et al.: Characteristic clinical, comas in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 175: 727–728 haematological, and histopathological findings in feline mastocy- [31] Bostock DE, Crocker J, Harris K et al.: Nuclear organiser regions as toma. Vet Res Commun 203; 27 (Suppl 1): 727–730 indicators of postsurgical prognosis in canine spontaneous mast cell [9] Aronson MG, Carpenter JL: Distal extremity melanocytic nevi and tumors. Br J Cancer. 1989; 59: 915–918 malignant melanomas in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: [32] Bostock DE: Prognosis after surgical excision of canine melanomas. 605–612 Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 32–40 [10] Aupperle H: Prognosestellung beim caninen Mastzelltumor: Wel- [32a] Bostock DE: The prognosis following surgical removal of mastocy- che histologischen und immunhistochemischen Aspekte sind hilf- tomas in dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1973; 14: 27–40 reich? Proc. Arbeitstagung Onkologie, Fachgruppe Kleintiermedizin [33] Bregazzi VS, LaRue SM, McNiel E et al.: Treatment with a combi- DVG, Hofheim, 2011 nation of doxorubicin, surgery, and radiation versus surgery and [11] Avallone G, Helmbold P, Caniatti M et al.: The spectrum of canine radiation alone for cats with vaccine-associated sarcomas: 25 cases cutaneous perivascular wall tumors: morphologic, phenotypic and (1995–2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 547–550 clinical characterization. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 607–620 [34] Bregman CL, Hirth RS, Sundberg JS et al.: Cutaneous neoplasms [12] Bacon NJ, Dernell WS, Ehrhart N et al.: Evaluation of primary re- in dogs associated with canine oral papillomavirus vaccine. Vet excision after recent inadequate resection of soft tissue sarcomas in Pathol. 1987; 24: 477–487 dogs: 41 cases (1999–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 548– 554

[35] Briscoe CM, Lipscomb TP, McKinney L: Pulmonary metastasis of a [55] Carew JS, Schmidt JA, Humphrey SA et al.: Growth factor expres- feline vaccination-site fibrosarcoma. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1998; 10: sion and vaccine-associated sarcoma tumorigenicity (abstr). Proc 79–82 Vet Cancer Soc. 1999; 19: 25 [36] Brocks BA, Neyens IJ, Teske E et al.: Hypotonic water as adjuvant [56] Carminato A, Vascellari M, Marchioro W et al.: Microchip-asso- therapy for incompletely resected canine mast cell tumors: a rand- ciated fibrosarcoma in a cat. Vet Dermatol. 2011; 22: 565–569 omized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Vet Surg. 2008; [57] Carothers MA, Johnson GC, DiBartola SD et al.: Extramedullary 37: 472–478 plasmacytoma and immunglobulin-associated amyloidosis in a cat. [37] Brown CA, Chalmers SA: Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1593–1597 Vet Pathol. 1990; 27: 366–369 [58] Carroll EE, Fossey SL, Mangus LM et al.: Malignant pilomatricoma [38] Brown NO, Patnaik AK, Mooney S et al.: Soft tissue sarcomas in in 3 dogs. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 937–943 the cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978; 173: 744–749 [59] Chaffin K, Thrall DE: Results of radiation therapy in 19 dogs with [39] Brunnert SR, Altman NH: Identification of immunoglobulin light cutaneous mast cell tumor and regional lymph node metastasis. chains in canine extramedullary plasmacytomas by thioflavine T Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 392–395 and immunohistochemistry. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1991; 3: 245–251 [60] Chalita MC, Matera JM, Alves MT et al.: Nonaspiration fine needle [40] Buchholz J, Wergin M, Walt H et al.: Photodynamic therapy of cytology and its histologic correlation in canine skin and soft tissue feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma using a newly developed tumors. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2001; 23: 395–399 liposomal photosensitizer: preliminary results concerning drug [61] Chase D, Bray J, Ide A et al.: Outcome following removal of canine safety and efficacy. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 770–775 spindle cell tumours in first opinion practice: 104 cases. J Small [41] Buerger RG, Scott DW: Cutaneous mast cell neoplasia in cats: 14 Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 568–574 cases (1975—1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 1440–1444 [62] Chastain CB, Turk MA, OʼBrien D: Benign cutaneous mastocyto- [42] Bulakowski EJ, Philibert JC, Siegel S et al.: Evaluation of outcome mas in two litters of Siamese kittens. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; associated with subcutaneous and intramuscular hemangiosarcoma 193: 959–960 treated with adjuvant doxorubicin in dogs: 21 cases (2001–2006). J [63] Chaubert P, Baur Chaubert AS, Sattler U et al.: Improved polyme- Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 233: 122–128 rase chain reaction-based method to detect early-stage epithelio- [43] Buracco P, Martano M, Morello E et al.: Vaccine-associated-like tropic T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides) in formalin-fixed, paraf- fibrosarcoma at the site of a deep nonabsorbable suture in a cat. fin-embedded skin biopsy specimens of the dog. J Vet Diagn Invest. Vet J. 2002; 163: 105–107 2010; 22: 20–29 [44] Burke JK, Sorenmo K, Duda L et al.: The effect of adjuvant ortho- [64] Chijiwa K, Uchida K, Tateyama S: Immunohistochemical evalua- voltage radiation therapy on feline vaccine-associated fibrosarco- tion of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors and other soft tissue mas: a retrospective study of 15 cases (abstr), Proc Vet Cancer Soc. sarcomas. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 307–318 1999; 19: 20 [65] Clark GN, Berg J, Engler SJ et al.: Extramedullary plasmacytomas [45] Burnett RC, Vernau W, Modiano JF et al.: Diagnosis of canine lym- in dogs: results of surgical excision in 131 cases. J Am Anim Hosp phoid neoplasia using clonal rearrangements of antigen receptor Assoc. 1992; 28: 105–111 genes. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 32–41 [66] Clarke RE: Cryosurgical treatment of feline cutaneous squamous [46] Burton JH, Mitchell L, Thamm DH et al.: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. cell carcinoma. Aust Vet Pract. 1991; 21: 148–153 gov/pubmed?term=%22Dow%20SW%22%5BAuthor%5DLow-dose [67] Cohen M, Wright JC, Brawner WR et al.: Use of surgery and elect- cyclophosphamide selectively decreases regulatory T cells and inhi- ron beam irradiation, with or without chemotherapy, for treatment bits angiogenesis in dogs with soft tissue sarcoma. J Vet Intern of vaccine-associated sarcomas in cats: 78 cases (1996–2000). J Am Med. 2011; 25: 920–926 Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 1582–1589 [47] Buyukmihci N, Stannard AA: Canine conjunctival angiokeratomas. [68] Couto SS, Griffey SM, Duarte PC et al.: Feline vaccine-associated J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178: 1279–1782 fibrosarcoma: morphologic distinctions. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 33– [48] Cahalane AK, Payne S, Barber LG et al.: Prognostic factors for sur- 41 vival of dogs with inguinal and perineal mast cell tumors treated [69] Coyne MJ, Reeves NC, Rosen DK: Estimated prevalence of injec- surgically with or without adjunctive treatment: 68 cases (1994– tion-site sarcomas in cats during 1992. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 225: 401–408 210: 249–251 [49] Callan MB, Preziosi D, Mauldin E: Multiple papillomavirus-associa- [70] Cronin KL, Page RL, Spodnick G et al.: Radiation therapy and sur- ted epidermal hamartomas and squamous cell carcinomas in situ in gery for fibrosarcoma in 33 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: a dog following chronic treatment with prednisone and cyclospo- 51–56 rine. Vet Dermatol. 2005; 16: 338–345 [71] Culbertson MR Jr: Hemangiosarcoma of the canine skin and ton- [50] Campbell KL, Sundberg JP, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Cutaneous gue. Vet Pathol. 1982; 19: 556–558 inverted papillomas in dogs. Vet Pathol. 1988; 25: 67–71 [72] Cunha SC, Carvalho LA, Canary PC et al.: Radiation therapy for [51] Camps-Palau MA, Leibman NF, Elmslie R et al.: Treatment of feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma using a hypofractionated canine mast cell tumours with vinblastine, cyclophosphamide and protocol. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 306–313 prednisone: 35 cases (1997–2004). Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 156– [73] Daly MK, Saba CF, Crochik SS et al.: Fibrosarcoma adjacent to the 167 site of microchip implantation in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: [52] Cangul IT, Wijnen M, Van Garderen E et al.: Clinico-pathological 202–205 aspects of canine cutaneous and mucocutaneous plasmacytomas. J [74] Dambach D, Carlson J, Riddle D et al.: Immunohistochemical iden- Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2002; 49: 307–312 tification and localization of growth factors in feline postvaccinal [53] Caniatti M, Ghisleni G, Ceruti R et al.: Cytological features of lesions. Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 607 canine haemangiopericytoma in fine needle aspiration biopsy. Vet [75] Dank G, Chien MB, London CA: Activating mutations in the cataly- Rec. 2001; 149: 242–244 tic or juxtamembrane domain of c-kit in splenic mast cell tumors of [54] Cantaloube B, Raymond-Letron I, Regnier A: Multiple eyelid apoc- cats. Am J Vet Res. 2002; 63: 1129–1133 rine hidrocystomas in two Persian cats. Vet Ophthalmol. 2004; 7: [76] Davidson EB, Gregory, Kass PH: Surgical excision of soft tissue fib- 121–125 rosarcomas in cats. Vet Surg. 1997; 26: 265–269

[77] Davies DR, Wyatt KM, Jardine JE et al.: Vinblastine and predniso- [99] Duncan JR, Prasse KW: Cytology of canine cutaneous round cell lone as adjunctive therapy for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. J tumors. Mast cell tumor, histiocytoma, lymphosarcoma and trans- Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 124–130 missible venereal tumor. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 673–679 [78] Davis KM, Hardie EM, Lascelles BD et al.: Feline fibrosarcoma: [100] Dunstan RW, Rosser EJ: Comparative aspects of cutaneous mela- perioperative management. Compend Contin Educ Vet. 2007; 29: nocytic neoplasms in the dog. Comp Dermatopathol. 1985; 7: 197– 712–729 201 [79] Davis KM, Hardie EM, Martin FR et al.: Correlation between peri- [101] Eggers Carroll E, Dubielzig RR, Schultz RD: Cats differ from Mink operative factors and successful outcome in fibrosarcoma resection and Ferrets in their response to commercial vaccines: A histologic in cats. Vet Rec. 2007; 161: 199–200 comparison of early vaccine reactions. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 216– [80] Day DG, Couto CG, Weisbrode SE et al.: Basal cell carcinoma in 227 two cats. J Am Anim Hosp. Assoc. 1994; 30: 265–269 [102] Ehrhart N: Soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs: a review. J Am Anim Hosp [81] Day MJ, Lucke VM: Melanocytic neoplasia in the cat. J Sm Anim Assoc. 2005; 41: 241–246 Pract. 1995; 36: 207–213 [103] Ellis JA, Jackson ML, Bartsch RC et al.: Use of immunohistoche- [82] Day MJ: Immunophenotypic characterization of cutaneous lym- mistry and polymerase chain reaction for detection of oncornaviru-

phoid neoplasia in the dog and cat. J Comp Pathol. 1995; 112: 79– ses in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded fibrosarcomas from cats. J Literaturverzeichnis 96 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: 767–771 [83] de Lorimier LP: Updates on the management of canine epitheliot- [104] Elmslie RE, Glawe P, Dow SW: Metronomic therapy with cyclopho- ropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim sphamide and piroxicam effectively delays tumor recurrence in Pract. 2006; 36: 213–228, viii-ix dogs with incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1373–1379 [84] De Man MM, Ducatelle RV: Bilateral subcutaneous fibrosarcomas in a cat following feline parvo-, herpes- and calicivirus vaccination. J [105] Elston LB, Sueiro FAR, Cavalcanti JN: The importance of the mito- Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: 432–434 tic index as a prognostic factor for survival of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: a validation study. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 362–364 [85] de Mello Souza CH, Valli VE, Selting KA et al.: Immunohistoche- mical detection of retinoid receptors in tumors from 30 dogs diag- [106] Esplin DG, Bigelow M, McGill LD et al.: Fibrosarcoma at the site of nosed with cutaneous lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: a lufenuron injection in a cat. Vet Cancer Soc Newsletter. 1999; 23: 1112–1117 8–9 [86] DeBey BM, Bagladi-Swanson M, Kapil S et al.: Digital papilloma- [107] Esplin DG, Campbell R: Widespread metastasis of a fibrosarcoma tosis in a confined Beagle. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2001; 13: 346–348 associated with a vaccination site in a cat. Feline Pract. 1995; 23: 13–16 [87] Dennis MM, McSporran KD, Bacon NJ et al.: Prognostic factors for cutaneous and subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas in dogs. Vet [108] Esplin DG: Infiltrative lipoma in a cat. Feline Pract. 1984; 14: 24–25 Pathol. 2011; 48: 73–84 [109] Ettinger SN, Scase TJ, Oberthaler KT et al.: Association of argyro- [88] Diessler ME, Castellano MC, Massone AR et al.: Cutaneous lym- philic nucleolar organizing regions, Ki-67, and proliferating cell nuc- phangiosarcoma in a young dog: clinical, anatomopathological and lear antigen scores with histologic grade and survival in dogs with lectinhistochemical description. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin soft tissue sarcomas: 60 cases (1996–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Med. 2003; 50: 452–456 2006; 228: 1053–1062 [89] Dillon CJ, Mauldin GN, Baer KE: Outcome following surgical remo- [110] Ettinger SN: Principles of treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas in the val of nonvisceral soft tissue sarcomas in cats: 42 cases (1992– dog. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 118–122 2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 1955–1957 [111] Evans SM: Canine hemangiopericytoma. A retrospective analysis of [90] Diters RW, Walsh KM: Feline basal cell tumors: a review of 124 response to surgery and orthovoltage radiation. Vet Radiol. 1987; cases. Vet Pathol. 1984; 21: 51–56 28: 13–16 [91] Dobson J, Cohen S, Gould S: Treatment of canine mast cell [112] Fehrer SL, Lin SH: Multicentric basal cell tumors in a cat. J Am Vet tumours with prednisolone and radiotherapy. Vet Comp Oncol. Med Assoc. 1986; 189: 1469–1470 2004; 2: 132–141 [113] Fernandez NJ, West KH, Jackson ML et al.: Immunohistochemical [92] Dobson JM, Samuel S, Milstein H et al.: Canine neoplasia in the and histochemical stains for differentiating canine cutaneous round UK: estimates of incidence rates from a population of insured dogs. cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 437–445 J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 240–246 [114] Ferreira I, Rahal SC, Rocha NS et al.: Hematoporphyrin-based pho- [93] Dobson JM, Scase TJ: Advances in the diagnosis and management todynamic therapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in cats. of cutaneous mast cell tumours in dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 2007; Vet Dermatol. 2009; 20: 174–178 48: 424–431 [115] Fidel JL, Egger E, Blattmann H et al.: Proton irradiation of feline [94] Doddy FD, Glickman LT, Glickman NW et al.: Feline fibrosarcomas nasal planum squamous cell carcinomas using an accelerated proto- at vaccination sites and non-vaccination sites. J Comp Pathol. 1996; col. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2001; 42: 569–575 114: 165–174 [116] Fivenson DP, Saed GM, Beck ER et al.: T-cell receptor gene [95] Dorn CR, Taylor DON, Scheider R: Sunlight exposure and risk of rearrangement in canine mycosis fungoides: further support for a developing cutaneous and oral squamous cell carcinomas in white canine model of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol. cats. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1971; 46: 1073–1078 1994; 102: 227–230 [96] Doster AR, Tomlison MJ, Mahaffey EA et al.: Canine liposarcoma. [117] Fontaine J, Bovens C, Bettenay S et al.: Canine cutaneous epithe- Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 87–88 liotropic T-cell lymphoma: a review. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 1–14 [97] Downing S, Chien MB, Kass PH et al.: Prevalence and importance [118] Fontaine J, Heimann M, Day MJ: Canine cutaneous epitheliotropic of internal tandem duplications in exons 11 and 12 of c-kit in mast T-cell lymphoma: a review of 30 cases. Vet Dermatol. 2010; 21: cell tumors of dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2002; 63: 1718–1723 267–275 [98] Dubielzig RR, Hawkins KL, Miller PE: Myofibroblastic sarcoma ori- [119] Fontaine J, Heimann M, Day MJ: Cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell ginating at the site of rabies vaccination in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest. lymphoma in the cat: a review of the literature and five new cases. 1993; 5: 637–638 Vet Dermatol. 2011; 22: 454–461

[120] Forrest LJ, Chun R, Adams WM et al.: Postoperative radiotherapy [143] Gil da Costa RM, Matos E, Rema A et al.: CD117 immunoexpres- for canine soft tissue sarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 578–582 sion in canine mast cell tumours: correlations with pathological [121] Fossum TW, Miller MW, Mackie JT: Lymphangiosarcoma in a dog variables and proliferation markers. BMC Vet Res. 2007; 3: 19 presenting with massive head and neck swelling. J Am Anim Hosp [144] Gilbert S, Affolter VK, Gross TL et al.: Clinical, morphological and Assoc. 1998; 34: 301–304 immunohistochemical characterization of cutaneous lymphocytosis [122] Foster AP, Evans E, Kerlin RL et al.: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in 23 cats. Vet Dermatol. 2004; 15: 3–12 with Sézary syndrome in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 1997; 26: 188–192 [145] Gill VL, Bergman PJ, Baer KE et al.: Use of imiquimod 5% cream [123] Foster SF, Charles JA, Swinney GR et al.: Multiple crusted cuta- (Aldara) in cats with multicentric squamous cell carcinoma in situ: neous plaques in a cat. Aust Vet J. 1999; 77: 360, 367–8 12 cases (2002–2005). Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 55–64 [124] Fox LE, Rosenthal RC, Twedt DC: Plasma histamine and gastrin [146] Gillick A, Spiegle M: Dacarbazine treatment of malignant mela- concentrations in 17 dogs with mast cell tumors. J Vet Int Med noma in a dog. Can Vet J. 1987; 28: 204 1990; 4: 242–246 [147] Ginel PJ, Lucena R, Millán Y et al.: Expression of oestrogen and [125] Frazier FS, Herron AJ, Dee JF et al.: Infiltrative lipoma in a stifle progesterone receptors in canine sebaceous gland tumours. Vet joint. J Am Anim Hosp. 1993; 29: 81–83 Dermatol. 2010; 21: 297–302 [126] Frese K, Durchfeld B, Eskens U: Klassifikation und biologisches Ver- [148] Giudice C, Muscolo MC, Rondena M et al.: Eyelid multiple cysts of halten der Haut- und Mammatumoren von Hund und Katze. Prakt the apocrine gland of Moll in Persian cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; Tierarzt. 1989; 9: 69–84 11: 487–491 [127] Frese K: Verlaufsuntersuchungen bei Melanomen der Haut und [149] Giudice C, Stefanello D, Sala M et al.: Feline injection-site sar- Mundschleimhaut des Hundes. Vet Pathol. 1978; 15: 461–473 coma: recurrence, tumour grading and surgical margin status evaluated using the three-dimensional histological technique. Vet J. [128] Frimberger AE, Moore AS, LaRue SM et al.: Radiotherapy of 2010; 186: 84–88 incompletely resected, moderately differentiated mast cell tumors in the dog: 37 cases (1989–1993). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; [150] Gobar GM, Kass PH: World Wide Web-based survey of vaccination 33: 320–324 practices, postvaccinal reactions, and vaccine site-associated sarcomas in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 220: 1477–1482 [129] Fuentealba IC, Illanes OG, Haines DM: Eccrine adenocarcinoma of the footpads in 2 cats. Can Vet J. 2000; 41: 401–403 [151] Goldschmidt MH, Dunstan RW, Stannard AA et al.: Melanocytic tumors and tumor-like lesions. In: Histological classification of epi- [130] Fukui K, Nakayama H, Uchida K et al.: Two cases of malignant thelial and melanocytic tumors of the skin of domestic animals. basal cell tumors in dogs. J Jap Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 45: 856–857 Goldschmidt MH, Dunstan RW, Stannard AA et al. (Hrsg.): Armed [131] Fulcher RP, Ludwig LL, Bergman PJ et al.: Evaluation of a two-cen- Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, 1998, 38–40 timeter lateral surgical margin for excision of grade I and grade II [152] Goldschmidt MH, Kennedy JS, Kennedy DR et al.: Severe papillo- cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; mavirus infection progressing to metastatic squamous cell carci- 228: 210–215 noma in bone marrow-transplanted X-linked SCID dogs. J Virol. [132] Galeotti F, Barzagli F, Vercelli A et al.: Feline lymphangiosarcoma– 2006: 80: 6621–6628 definitive identification using a lymphatic vascular marker. Vet Der- [153] Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS: Skin tumors of the dog and cat. Per- matol. 2004; 15: 13–18 gamon Press, Oxford 1992 [133] Gallegos J, Schmiedt CW, McAnulty JF: Cosmetic rostral nasal [154] Goldschmidt MH, Thrall DE, Jeglum KA et al.: Malignant pilomat- reconstruction after nasal planum and premaxilla resection: tech- ricoma in a dog. J Cutan Pathol. 1981; 8: 375–381 nique and results in two dogs. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: 669–674 [155] Goldschmidt MH: Benign and malignant melanocytic neoplasms of [134] Gamlem H, Nordstoga K, Arnesen K: Canine vascular neoplasia–a domestic animals. Am J Dermatopathol. 1985; 7(Suppl): 203–212 population-based clinicopathologic study of 439 tumours and tumour-like lesions in 420 dogs. APMIS Suppl. 2008; 125: 41–54 [156] Goodfellow M, Hayes A, Murphy S et al.: A retrospective study of (90)Strontium plesiotherapy for feline squamous cell carcinoma of [135] Garner MT: Der Einsatz von Megavoltage-Bestrahlungstherapie und the nasal planum. J Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8: 169–176 Elektronen bei der Behandlung von Weichteilsarkomen des Hundes. Eine retrospektive Studie von 73 Hunden. Diss med vet, FU Berlin, [157] Grabarevic Z, Spoljar JB, Kurilj AG et al.: Mast cell tumor in dogs– 2004 incidence and histopathological characterization. Coll Antropol. 2009; 33: 253–258 [136] Gaskell RM, Gettinby G, Graham SJ et al.: Veterinary Products Committee working group report on feline and canine vaccination. [158] Grain E, Walder EJ: Hypercalcemia associated with squamous cell Vet Rec. 2002; 150: 126–134 carcinoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 181: 165 [137] Gemmill LT: The issue of injection site sarcomas. J Am Vet Med [159] Grant IA, Rodriguez CO, Kent MS et al.: A phase II clinical trial of Assoc. 1997; 210: 889–890 vinorelbine in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 388–393 [138] George C, Summers BA: Angiokeratoma: a benign vascular tumour of the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1990; 31: 390–392 [160] Grier RL, DiGuardo G, Myers R et al.: Mast cell tumor destruction in dogs by hypotonic solution. J Small Anim Pract 1995; 36: 385– [139] Gerritsen RJ, Teske E, Kraus JS et al.: Multi-agent chemotherapy 388 for mast cell tumours in the dog. Vet Q. 1998; 20: 28–31 [161] Gross TL, Brimacomb BH: Multifocal intraepidermal carcinoma in a [140] Ghim S, Newsome J, Bell J et al.: Spontaneously regressing oral dog histologically resembling Bowenʼs disease. Am J Dermatopa- papillomas induce systemic antibodies that neutralize canine oral thol. 1986; 8: 509–515 papillomavirus. Exp Mol Pathol. 2000; 68: 147–151 [162] Grösslinger K, Alton K, Lorison D: Histologische Bestimmung der [141] Ghisleni GP, Roccabianca R, Ceruti D et al.: Correlation between Tumorgrenzen und Evaluierung der Rezidivrate beim felinen vak- fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathology in the evaluation zine-induzierten Fibrosarkom. Kleintierprax. 2003; 48: 261–268 of cutaneous and subcutaneous masses from dogs and cats. Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; 35: 24–30 [163] Guerre R, Millet P, Groulade P: Systemic mastocytosis in a cat: remission after splenectomy. J Small Anim Pract. 1979; 20: 769– [142] Gieger TL, Théon AP, Werner JA et al.: Biologic behavior and prog- 772 nostic factors for mast cell tumors of the canine muzzle: 24 cases (1990–2001). J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 687–692 [164] Gumbrell RC, Rest JR, Bredelius K et al.: Dermal fibropapillomas in cats. Vet Rec 1998; 142: 376

[165] Hadzijusufovic E, Peter B, Rebuzzi L et al.: Growth-inhibitory [187] Hendrick MJ, Shofer FS, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Comparison of effects of four tyrosine kinase inhibitors on neoplastic feline mast fibrosarcomas that developed at vaccination sites and at nonvacci- cells exhibiting a Kit exon 8 ITD mutation. Vet Immunol Immuno- nation sites in cats: 239 cases (1991–1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc. pathol. 2009; 132: 243–250 1994; 205: 1425–1429 [166] Hahn KA, King GK, Carreras JK: Efficacy of radiation therapy for [188] Henfrey JI: Treatment of multiple intracutaneous cornifying epithe- incompletely resected grade-III mast cell tumors in dogs: 31 cases liomata using isotretinoin. J Sm Anim Pract. 1991; 32: 363–365 (1987–1998). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224: 79–82 [189] Henry CJ, Downing S, Rosenthal RC et al.: Evaluation of a novel [167] Hahn KA, Lantz GC, Salisbury SK et al.: Comparison of survey immunomodulator composed of human chorionic gonadotropin radiography with ultrasonography and x-ray computed tomography and bacillus Calmette-Guerin for treatment of canine mast cell for clinical staging of subcutaneous neoplasms in dogs. J Am Vet tumors in clinically affected dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2007; 68: 1246– Med Assoc. 1990; 196: 1795–1798 1251 [168] Hahn KA, Ogilvie G, Rusk T et al.: Masitinib is safe and effective [190] Hershey AE, Sorenmo KU, Hendrick MJ et al.: Prognosis for presu- for the treatment of canine mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. med feline vaccine-associated sarcoma after excision: 61 cases 2008; 22: 1301–1309 (1986–1996). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 216: 58–61

[169] Ham L van, Bree H van, Maenhout T et al.: Metastatic pilomatri- [191] Hillers KR, Lana SE, Fuller CR et al.: Effects of palliative radiation Literaturverzeichnis xoma presenting as paraplegia in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1991; therapy on nonsplenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp 32: 27–30 Assoc. 2007; 43: 187–192 [170] Handharyani E, Ochiai K, Kadosawa T et al.: Canine hemangiope- [192] Himsel CA, Richardson RC, Craig JA: Cisplatin chemotherapy for ricytoma: an evaluation of metastatic potential. J Vet Diagn Invest. metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med 1999; 11: 474–478 Assoc. 1986; 189: 1575–1578 [171] Hanna PE, Dunn D: Cutaneous fibropapilloma in a cat (feline sar- [193] Hinrichs U, Puhl S, Rutteman GR et al.: Lymphangiosarcomas in coid). Can Vet J. 2003; 44: 601–602 cats: a retrospective study of 12 cases. Vet Pathol. 1999; 36: 164– [172] Hargis AM, Ihrke PJ, Spangler WL et al.: A retrospective clinico- 167 pathologic study of 212 dogs with cutaneous hemangiomas and [194] Hirschberger J, Kessler M: Das feline Fibrosarkom. Tierärztl Prax. hemangiosarcomas. Vet Pathol. 1992; 29: 316–328 2001; 29: 66–71 [173] Hargis AM, Thomassen RW, Phemister RD: Chronic dermatosis [195] Hirschberger J: Aktueller Stand der internistischen Fibrosarkomthe- and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the beagle dog. Vet rapie bei der Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2010; 38 (Suppl 1): S37–S40 Pathol. 1977; 14: 218–228 [196] Hosoya K, Kisseberth WC, Alvarez FJ et al.: Adjuvant CCNU [174] Hargis AM, Thomassen RW: Animal model: solar dermatosis (kera- (lomustine) and prednisone chemotherapy for dogs with incomple- tosis) and solar dermatosis with squamous cell carcinoma. Am J tely excised grade 2 mast cell tumors. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. Pathol. 1979; 94: 193–196 2009; 45: 14–18 [175] Hartley C, Ladlow J, Smith KC: Cutaneous haemangiosarcoma of [197] Hottendorf GH, Nielson SW: Survey of 300 extirpated canine mas- the lower eyelid in an elderly white cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: tocytomas. Ztrbl Vet Med A 1967; 14: 272–281 78–81 [198] Howard EB, Sawa TR, Nielson SW et al.: Mastocytoma and gastro- [176] Hasier UC: Malignant mastocytosis and duodenal ulceration in a duodenal ulceration. Vet Pathol. 1969; 6: 146–158 cat. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk 1978; 120: 263–268 [199] Hume CT, Kiupel M, Rigatti L et al.: Outcomes of dogs with grade [177] Havlicek M, Straw RS, Langova V et al.: Intra-operative cisplatin 3 mast cell tumors: 43 cases (1997–2007). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. for the treatment of canine extremity soft tissue sarcomas. Vet 2011; 47: 37–44 Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 122–129 [200] Ishiguro T, Kadosawa T, Takagi S et al.: Relationship of disease [178] Headley SA, Faria Dos Reis AC, Bracarense AP: Cutaneous myxo- progression and plasma histamine concentrations in 11 dogs with sarcoma with pulmonary metastases in a dog. J Comp Pathol. 2011; mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 194–198 145: 31–34 [201] Isotani M, Tamura K, Yagihara H et al.: Identification of a c-kit [179] Hendrick MJ, Brooks JJ: Postvaccinal sarcomas in the cat: histology exon 8 internal tandem duplication in a feline mast cell tumor case and immunohistochemistry. Vet Pathol. 1994; 31: 126–129 and its favorable response to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib [180] Hendrick MJ, Dunagan CA: Focal necrotizing granulomatous pan- mesylate. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006; 114: 168–172 niculitis associated with subcutaneous injection of rabies vaccine in [202] Isotani M, Yamada O, Lachowicz JL et al.: Mutations in the fifth cats and dogs: 10 cases (1988–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; immunoglobulin-like domain of kit are common and potentially 198: 304–305 sensitive to imatinib mesylate in feline mast cell tumours. Br J Hae- [181] Hendrick MJ, Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS et al.: Postvaccinal sar- matol. 2010; 148: 144–153 comas in the cat: epidemiology and electron probe microanalytical [203] Itoh T, Mikawa K, Mikawa M et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma in a dog identification of aluminum. Cancer Res. 1992; 52: 5391–5394 treated with surgery and chemotherapy. J Vet Med Sci. 2004; 66: [182] Hendrick MJ, Goldschmidt MH: Do injection site reactions induce 197–199 fibrosarcomas in cats? J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 968 [204] Iwamoto KS, Bennett LR, Norman A et al.: Linoleate produces [183] Hendrick MJ, Kass PH, McGill LD et al.: Postvaccinal sarcomas in remission in canine mycosis fungoides. Cancer Lett. 1992; 64: 17– cats. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994; 86: 341–343 22 [184] Hendrick MJ, Mahaffey EA, Moore FM et al.: Histiocytic tumors. [205] Jackson K, Boger L, Goldschmidt M et al.: Malignant pilomatri- In: WHO International histological classification of mesenchymal coma in a soft-coated Wheaten Terrier. Vet Clin Pathol. 2010; 39: tumors of skin and soft tissues of domestic animals, Second Series, 236–240 Bd. II, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC 1998; [206] Jönsson L, Gustafsson PO: Bone-metastasizing squamous-cell car- 29–31 cinoma of the skin in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1973; 14: 159–165 [185] Hendrick MJ: Feline vaccine-associated sarcomas: current studies [207] Jörger K: Hauttumoren bei Katzen. Vorkommen und Häufigkeit im on pathogenesis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 213: 1425–1426 Untersuchungsgut (Biopsien 1984–1987) des Institutes für Veteri- [186] Hendrick MJ: Historical review and current knowledge of risk fac- närpathologie Zürich. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk. 1988; 130: 559–569 tors involved in feline vaccine-associated sarcomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 213: 1422–1423

[208] Jösten M, Rudolph R: Methods for the differentiation of giant cells [229] Kipar A, Baumgärtner W, Kremmer E et al.: Expression of major in canine and feline neoplasias in paraffin sections. J Vet Med Sci. histocompatibility complex class II antigen in neoplastic cells of 1997; 44: 159–166 canine cutaneous histiocytoma. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. [209] Johannes CM, Henry CJ, Turnquist SE et al.: Hemangiosarcoma in 1998; 62: 1–13 cats: 53 cases (1992–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: [230] Kirpensteijn J, Withrow SJ, Straw RC: Combined resection of the 1851–1856 nasal planum and premaxilla in three dogs. Vet Surg. 1994; 23: [210] Johnson JA, Patterson JM: Canine epidermotropic lymphoprolifera- 341–346 tive disease resembling Pagetoid reticulosis in man. Vet Pathol. [231] Kirpensteijn J: Feline injection site-associated sarcoma: Is it a rea- 1981; 18:487–493 son to critically evaluate our vaccination policies? Vet Microbiol. [211] Johnson TO, Schulman FY, Lipscomb TP et al.: Histopathology 2006; 117: 59–65 and biologic behavior of pleomorphic cutaneous mast cell tumors [232] Kitchell BK, Orenberg EK, Brown DM et al.: Intralesional sustai- in fifteen cats. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 452–457 ned-release chemotherapy with therapeutic implants for treatment [212] Jones SE, Knapp DW, Hogenesch H et al.: Pilot study of piroxicam of canine sun-induced squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer. therapy of non-resectable squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. Proc 1995; 31A: 2093–2098 Vet Cancer Soc. 1993; 53–54 [233] Kiupel M, Webster JD, Bailey KL et al.: Proposal of a 2-tier histolo- [213] Kaim U, Moritz A, Failing K et al.: The regression of a canine Lan- gic grading system for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors to more gerhans cell tumour is associated with increased expression of IL-2, accurately predict biological behaviour. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 147– TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and iNOS mRNA. Immunology. 2006; 118: 155 472–482 [234] Kiupel M, Webster JD, Miller RA et al.: Impact of tumour depth, [214] Kalaher KM, Anderson WI, Scott DW: Neoplasms of the apocrine tumour location and multiple synchronous masses on the prognosis sweat glands in 44 dogs and 10 cats Vet Rec. 1990; 127: 400–403 of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2005; 52: 280–286 [215] Kang SK, Park NY, Cho HS et al.: Relationship between DNA ploidy and proliferative cell nuclear antigen index in canine hemangioperi- [235] Kleiter M, Leschnik M: Postoperative Chemotherapie zur Behand- cytoma. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 211–214 lung eines zweifach rezidivierten Vakzine-assoziierten Fibrosarkoms. Kleintierprax. 1998; 43: 295–302 [216] Kanjilal S, Banerji N, Fifer A et al.: p53 tumor suppressor gene alterations in vaccine-associated feline sarcoma (abstr). Proc Vet [236] Kleiter M, Tichy A, Willmann M et al.: Concomitant liposomal Cancer Soc. 1999; 19: 48 doxorubicin and daily palliative radiotherapy in advanced feline soft tissue sarcomas. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 349–355 [217] Kass PH, Barnes WG, Spangler WL et al.: Epidemiologic evidence for the causal relationship between vaccination and fibrosarcoma [237] Kobayashi T, Hauck ML, Dodge R et al.: Preoperative radiotherapy tumorigenesis in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 369–405 for vaccine associated sarcoma in 92 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 473–479 [218] Kass PH, Spangler WL, Hendrick MJ et al.: Multicenter case-control study of risk factors associated with development of vaccine- [238] Komori S, Nakamura S, Takahashi K et al.: Use of lomustine to associated sarcomas in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 223: 1283– treat cutaneous nonepitheliotropic lymphoma in a cat. J Am Vet 1292 Med Assoc. 2005; 226: 237–9, 219 [219] Kessler M, Bomhard von D: Plattenepithelkarzinome bei Hunden [239] Kostorz A: Radiotherapie von Weichteilsarkomen bei Hund und und Katzen – Prävalenz, Rasseprädisposition und Primärlokalisatio- Katze: Eine retrospektive Studie der Bestrahlungsfälle zur Bestim- nen. Proc 22. Kongress DVG, Bad Nauheim, 1997 mung prognostischer Parameter. Diss med vet. Vetsuisse Fakultät Zürich, 2001 [220] Kessler M, Bomhard von D, Matis U: Mastzelltumoren bei Hunden und Katzen. Epidemiologie, Diagnose und Therapie. Kleintierprax. [240] Kraft I, Frese K: Histological studies on canine pigmented moles: 1997; 42: 361–374 the comparative pathology of the naevus problem. J Comp Pathol. 1976; 86: 143–155 [221] Kessler M, Bomhard von D: Auswertung von 28 Fällen caniner Liposarkome. (unveröffentlicht), 1997 [241] Kramek BA, Spackmann CJA, Hayden DW: Infiltrative lipoma in three dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 186: 81–82 [222] Kessler M, Bomhard von D: Beitrag zur pädiatrischen Onkologie bei Hunden und Katzen. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr. 1997; 110: [242] Krick EL, Billings AP, Shofer FS et al.: Cytological lymph node eva- 311–314 luation in dogs with mast cell tumours: association with grade and survival. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 130–138 [223] Kessler M, Bomhard von D: Epithelioma malherbe (Pilomatrixom): Rasse- und Lokalisationsverteilung bei 163 Fällen (unveröffentlicht), [243] Kryriazidou A, Brown PJ, Lucke VM: Immunohistochemical stai- 1997 ning of neoplastic and inflammatory plasma cell lesions in feline tissues. J Comp Pathol. 1989; 100: 337–341 [224] Kessler M, Bomhard von D: Primärlokalisationen kutaner Häman- giome und Hämangiosarkome bei der Katze: 84 Fälle. (unveröffent- [244] Kube P, Audige L, Kuther K et al.: Distribution, density and hetero- licht), 1997 geneity of canine mast cells and influence of fixation techniques. Histochem Cell Biol. 1998; 110: 129–135 [225] Kessler M, Bomhard von D: Rasseprädispositionen und Lokalisa- tionsverteilung kutaner und mukokutaner (extramedullärer) Plas- [245] Kuntsi-Vaattovaara H, Verstraete FJM, Newsome JT et al.: Reso- mozytome bei 106 Hunden (unveröffentlicht), 1997 lution of persistent oral papillomatosis in a dog after treatment with a recombinant canine oral papillomavirus vaccine. Vet Comp [226] Kessler M: Studies on the epidemiology of feline vaccine-associated Oncol. 2003; 1: 57–63 fibrosarcomas in Germany. Proc. FECAVA Berlin, 2001 [246] Kuntz CA, Dernell WS, Powers BE et al.: Prognostic factors for [227] Kidney BA, Ellis JA, Haines DM et al.: Comparison of endogenous surgical treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs: 75 cases (1986– feline leukemia virus RNA content in feline vaccine and nonvaccine 1996). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 211: 1147–1151 site-associated sarcomas. Am J Vet Res. 2001; 62: 1990–1994 [247] Kutzner H, Schnieder-Stock R: Perivaskuläre Tumoren. In: Klöppel [228] Kidney BA, Haines DM, Ellis JA et al.: Evaluation of formalin-fixed G, Kreipe HH, Remmele W (Hrsg.): Pathologie, Band 1, 3. Aufl.; paraffin-embedded tissues from vaccine site-associated sarcomas Springer, Berlin 2009; 556–571 of cats for papillomavirus DNA and antigen. Am J Vet Res. 2001; 62: 833–839 [248] LaDue T, Price GS, Dodge R et al.: Radiation therapy for incompletely resected canine mast cell tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 57–62

[249] Lamm CG, Stern AW, Smith AJ et al.: Disseminated cutaneous [272] Luong RH, Baer KE, Craft DM et al.: Prognostic significance of int- mast cell tumors with epitheliotropism and systemic mastocytosis ratumoral microvessel density in canine soft-tissue sarcomas. Vet in a domestic cat. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2009; 21: 710–715 Pathol. 2006; 43: 622–631 [250] Lana SE, Ogilvie GK, Withrow SJ et al.: Feline cutaneous squa- [273] Ma Y, Longley BJ, Wang X et al.: Clustering of activating muta- mous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum and the pinnae: 61 cases. tions in c-KIT’s juxtamembrane coding region in canine mast cell J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 329—332 neoplasms. J Invest Dermatol. 1999; 112: 165–170 [251] Lange CE, Tobler K, Markau T et al.: Sequence and classification of [274] Macy DW, Bergman PJ, Powers B: Postvaccinal reactions associa- FdPV2, a papillomavirus isolated from feline Bowenoid in situ carci- ted with three rabies and three leukemia virus vaccines in cats. Proc nomas. Vet Microbiol. 2009; 137: 60–65 Vet Cancer Soc. 1994; 14: 90–91 [252] Lansigan F, Foss FM: Current and emerging treatment strategies [275] Macy DW, Couto CG: Prevention and treatment of injection-site for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Drugs. 2010; 70: 273–286 sarcomas. J Feline Med Surg. 2001; 3: 169–170 [253] Laprie C, Abadie J, Amardeilh MF et al.: MIB-1 immunoreactivity [276] Macy DW, Hendrick MJ: The potential role of inflammation in the correlates with biologic behaviour in canine cutaneous melanoma. development of postvaccinal sarcomas in cats. Vet Clin North Am Vet Dermatol. 2001; 12: 139–147 Small Anim Pract. 1996; 26: 103–109

[254] Lascelles BD, Parry AT, Stidworthy MF et al.: Squamous cell carci- [277] Macy DW: Canine and feline mast cell tumors: biologic behavior, Literaturverzeichnis noma of the nasal planum in 17 dogs. Vet Rec. 2000; 147: 473–476 diagnosis, therapy. Semin Vet Med Surg. 1986; 1: 72–83 [255] Lawrence J, Forrest L, Adams W et al.: Four-fraction radiation the- [278] Macy DW: The potential role and mechanisms of FeLV vaccine- rapy for macroscopic soft tissue sarcomas in 16 dogs. J Am Anim induced neoplasms. Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim. 1995; 10: Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 100–108 234–237 [256] Le Net JL, Orth G, Sundberg JP et al.: Multiple pigmented cuta- [279] Macy DW: Vaccine-induced tumors: a common pathway. Proc 14. neous papules associated with a novel canine papillomavirus in an ACVIM Forum San Antonia, Texas, 1996; 631 immunosuppressed dog. Vet Pathol. 1997; 34: 8–14 [280] Madewell BR, Akita GY, Vogel P: Cutaneous mastocytosis and [257] Lemarie SL, Eddlestone SM: Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lym- mucinosis with gross deformity in a shar pei dog. Vet Dermatol. phoma with dacarbazine in a dog. Vet Dermatol. 1997; 8: 41–46 1992; 3: 171–175 [258] Lenard ZM, Foster SF, Tebb AJ et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma in two [281] Madewell BR, Conroy JD, Hodgkins EM: Sunlight-skin cancer asso- cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: 161–167 ciation in the dog: A report of three cases. J Cutan Pathol. 1981; 8: [259] Lepri E, Ricci G, Leonardi L et al.: Diagnostic and prognostic featu- 434–443 res of feline cutaneous mast cell tumours: a retrospective analysis [282] Madewell BR, Griffey SM, McEntee MC et al.: Feline vaccine-asso- of 40 cases. Vet Res Commun. 2003; 27 (Suppl 1): 707–709 ciated fibrosarcomas: an ultrastuctural study of 20 cases (1996– [260] Letard S, Yang Y, Hanssens K et al.: Gain-of-function mutations in 1999). Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 196–202 the extracellular domain of KIT are common in canine mast cell [283] Magi GE, Di Pasquale S, Renzoni G: Cutaneous lymphomatoid gra- tumors. Mol Cancer Res. 2008; 6: 1137–1145 nulomatosis (angiotropic lymphoma) in a dog: immunopheno- [261] Leveque NW: Update on vaccine-associated sarcoma. J Am Vet typing analysis. Vet Res Commun. 2009; 33 (Suppl 1): 145–147 Med Assoc 1998; 212:1350 [284] Maglennon GA, Murphy S, Adams V et al.: Association of Ki67 [262] Lidbetter DA, Williams FA Jr, Krahwinkel DJ et al.: Radical lateral index with prognosis for intermediate-grade canine cutaneous mast body-wall resection for fibrosarcoma with reconstruction using cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 268–274 polypropylene mesh and a caudal superficial epigastric axial pattern [284a]Magnol JP, Toulemonde N: Histoprognostic du mastocytome flap: a prospective clinical study of the technique and results in 6 cutané canin. Calidité du grading de Patnaik. Rec Med Vet. 1987; cats. Vet Surg. 2002; 31: 57–64 138: 125–129 [263] Liggett AD, Frazier KS, Styer EL: Angiolipomatous tumors in dogs [285] Majzoub M, Breuer W, Platz SJ et al.: Histopathologic and immu- and a cat. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 286–289 nophenotypic characterization of extramedullary plasmacytomas in [264] Linek M, Mecklenburg L: Multiple cutaneous histiocytomas in a nine cats. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 249–253 Flat-coated Retriever. Kleintierprax. 2001; 46: 507–511 [286] Marconato L, Bettini G, Giacoboni C et al.: Clinicopathological fea- [265] Litster AL, Sorenmo KU: Characterisation of the signalment, clini- tures and outcome for dogs with mast cell tumors and bone mar- cal and survival characteristics of 41 cats with mast cell neoplasia. J row involvement. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1001–1007 Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8: 177–183 [287] Marconato L, Marchetti V, Francione D et al.: Morphometrical [266] Little LK, Goldschmidt M: Cytologic appearance of a keloidal fibro- approach for predicting regional lymph node micrometastatic load sarcoma in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2007; 36: 364–367 in canine mast cell tumours: preliminary results. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 162–170 [267] Loh ZH, Allan GS, Nicoll RG et al.: Ultrasonographic characteristics of soft tissue tumours in dogs. Aust Vet J. 2009; 87: 323–329 [288] Marks SL, Song MD, Stannard AA et al.: Clinical evaluation of etretinate for the treatment of canine solar-induced squamous cell car- [268] London CA, Malpas PB, Wood-Follis SL et al.: Multi-center, pla- cinoma and preneoplastic lesions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992; 27: cebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study of oral toceranib 11–16 phosphate (SU11654), a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of dogs with recurrent (either local or distant) mast cell [289] Martano M, Morello E, Buracco P: Feline injection-site sarcoma: tumor following surgical excision. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15: 3856– Past, present and future perspectives. Vet J. 2011; 188: 136–141 3865 [290] Martínez CM Dr, Peñafiel-Verdú C, Vilafranca M et al.: Cyclooxy- [269] Lopez A, Spracklin D, McConkey S et al.: Cutaneous mucinosis genase-2 expression is related with localization, proliferation, and and mastocytosis in a shar-pei. Can Vet J. 1999; 40: 881–883 overall survival in canine melanocytic neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48:1204–1211 [270] Lucke VM: Primary cutaneous plasmacytomas in the dog and cat. J Small Anim Pract. 1987; 28: 49–55 [291] Masserdotti C, Bonfanti U, De Lorenzi D et al.: Use of Oil Red O stain in the cytologic diagnosis of canine liposarcoma. Vet Clin [271] Luna LD, Higginbotham ML, Henry CJ et al.: Feline non-ocular Pathol. 2006; 35: 37–41 melanoma: a retrospective study of 23 cases (1991–1999). J Feline Med Surg. 2000; 2: 173–181 [292] Masserdotti C, Ubbiali FA: Fine needle aspiration cytology of pilomatricoma in three dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. 2002; 31: 22–25

[293] Matteucci ML, Anyarambhatla G, Rosner G et al.: http://www. [316] Miller MA, Ramos JA, Kreeger JM: Cutaneous vascular neoplasia in ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Azuma%20C%22%5BAuthor%5D 15 cats: clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical studies. Hyperthermia increases accumulation of technetium-99m-labeled Vet Pathol. 1992; 29: 329–336 liposomes in feline sarcomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2000; 6: 3748–3755 [317] Miller WH, Scott DW, Anderson WI: Feline cutaneous melanocy- [294] Mayr B, Furtmueller G, Schleger W et al.: Trisomy 2 in three cases tic neoplasms: a retrospective analysis of 43 cases (1979–1993). of canine haemangiopericytoma. Br Vet J. 1992; 148: 113–118 Vet Dermatol. 1993; 4: 19–26 [295] Mayr B, Wallner A, Reifinger M et al.: Reciprocal translocation in [318] Mills JHL, Nielsen SW: Canine hemangiopericytomas – a survey of a case of canine basal cell carcinoma. J Small Anim Pract. 1998; 39: 200 tumors. J Small Anim Pract. 1967; 8: 599–604 96–97 [319] Mischke R, Neuber A: Zytologische Diagnostik in der Veterinär- [296] Mays MB, Bergeron JA: Cutaneous histiocytosis in dogs. J Am Vet dermatologie. Prakt Tierarzt. 2004; 5: 310–327 Med Assoc. 1986; 188: 377–381 [320] Misdorp W: Incomplete surgery, local immunostimulation, and [297] Mazzei M, Millanta F, Citi S et al.: Haemangiopericytoma: histolo- recurrence of some tumor types in dogs and cats. Vet Q. 1987; 9: gical spectrum, immunohistochemical characterization and prog- 279–286 nosis. Vet Dermatol. 2002; 13: 15–21 [321] Molander-McCrary H, Henry CJ, Potter K et al.: Cutaneous mast [298] McAbee KP, Ludwig LL, Bergman PJ et al.: Feline cutaneous cell tumors in cats: 32 cases (1991–1994). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. hemangiosarcoma: a retrospective study of 18 cases (1998–2003). 1998; 34: 281–284 J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 110–116 [322] Montgomery KW, van der Woerdt A, Aquino SM et al.: Periocu- [299] McCarthy PE, Hedlund CS, Veazy RS et al.:http://www.ncbi.nlm. lar cutaneous mast cell tumors in cats: evaluation of surgical exci- nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Prescott-Mathews%20J%22%5BAuthor% sion (33 cases). Vet Ophthalmol. 2010; 13: 26–30 5D Liposarcoma associated with a glass foreign body in a dog. J Am [323] Moore PF: Systemic histiocytosis of Bernese mountain dogs. Vet Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: 612–614 Pathol 1984; 21: 554–563 [300] McCaw DL, Miller MA, Bergmann PJ: Vincristine therapy for mast [324] Moore PF, Affolter VK, Graham PS et al.: Canine epitheliotropic cell tumors in dogs. J Vet Int Med. 1997; 11: 375–378 cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: an investigation of T-cell receptor [301] McCaw DL, Miller MA, Ogilvie GK et al.: Response of canine mast immunophenotype, lesion topography and molecular clonality. Vet cell tumors to treatment with oral prednisone. J Vet Int Med. 1994; Dermatol. 2009; 20: 569–576 8: 406–408 [325] Moore PF, Olivry T, Naydan D: Canine cutaneous epitheliotropic [302] McCaw DL, Payne JT, Pope ER et al.: Treatment of canine heman- lymphoma (mycosis fungoides) is a proliferative disorder of CD8+ T giopericytomas with photodynamic therapy. Lasers Surg Med. cells. Am J Pathol. 1994; 144: 421–429 2001; 29: 23–26 [326] Moore PF, Schrenzel MD, Affolter VK et al.: Canine cutaneous his- [303] McChesney SL, Withrow SJ, Gillette EL et al.: Radiotherapy of tiocytoma is an epidermotropic Langerhans cell histiocytosis that canine soft tissue sarcomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 60–63 expresses CD1 and specific beta 2-integrin molecules. Am J Pathol. [304] McChesney SL, Stephans LC, Lebel J et al.: Infiltrative lipoma in 1996; 148: 1699–1708 dogs. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 316–322 [327] Moore RA, Walcott S, White KL et al.: Therapeutic immunisation [305] McEntee MC, Page RL, Mauldin GN et al.: Results of irradiation of with COPV early genes by epithelial DNA delivery. Virology. 2003; infiltrative lipoma in 13 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 314: 630–635 554–556 [328] Morrison WB, Starr RM: Vaccine-associated feline sarcomas. J Am [306] McEntee MC, Thrall DE: Computed tomographic imaging of infilt- Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 697–702 rative lipoma in 22 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2001; 42: 221–225 [329] Mullins MN, Dernell WS, Withrow SJ et al.: Evaluation of prog- [307] McKnight JA, Mauldin GN, McEntee MC et al.: Radiation treat- nostic factors associated with outcome in dogs with multiple cuta- ment for incompletely resected soft-tissue sarcomas in dogs. J Am neous mast cell tumors treated with surgery with and without adju- Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 205–210 vant treatment: 54 cases (1998–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 91–95 [308] McManus PM: Frequency and severity of mastocytemia in dogs with and without mast cell tumors: 120 cases (1995–97). J Am Vet [330] Munday JS, Dunowska M, De Grey S: Detection of two different Med Assoc 1999; 215: 355–357 papillomaviruses within a feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: case report and review of the literature. N Z Vet J. 2009; 57: [309] McNiel EA, Prink AL, O’Brien TD: Evaluation of risk and clinical out- 248–251 come of mast cell tumours in pug dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 2–8 [331] Munday JS, French A, Martin S: Cutaneous malignant melanoma in an 11-month-old Russian blue cat. N Z Vet J. 2011; 59: 143–146 [310] McSporran KD: Histologic grade predicts recurrence for marginally excised canine subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas. Vet Pathol. [332] Munday JS, Gibson I, French AF: Papillomaviral DNA and increased 2009; 46: 928–933 p16(CDKN2A) protein are frequently present within feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in ultraviolet-protected skin. Vet [311] Meierhenry EF: Metastatic liposarcoma with extensive osteolysis in Dermatol. 2011; 22: 360–366 the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1974; 10: 478–481 [333] Munday JS, Hanlon EM, Howe L et al.: Feline cutaneous viral papil- [312] Melzer K, Guscetti F, Rohrer Bley C et al.: Ki67 reactivity in nasal loma associated with human papillomavirus type 9. Vet Pathol. and periocular squamous cell carcinomas in cats treated with elect- 2007; 44: 924–927 ron beam radiation therapy. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 676–681 [334] Munday JS, Kiupel M: Papillomavirus-associated cutaneous neopla- [313] Michels GM, Knapp DW, DeNicola DB et al.: Prognosis following sia in mammals. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 254–264 surgical excision of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors with histopa- thologically tumor-free versus nontumor-free margins: a retrospec- [335] Munday JS, Kiupel M, French AF et al.: Amplification of papilloma- tive study of 31 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 458–466 viral DNA sequences from a high proportion of feline cutaneous in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas using a nested polyme- [314] Mikaelian I, Gross TL: Keloidal fibromas and fibrosarcomas in the rase chain reaction. Vet Dermatol. 2008; 19: 259–263 dog. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 149–153 [336] Munday JS, Kiupel M, French AF et al.: Detection of papillomaviral [315] Millanta F, Fratini F, Corazza M et al.: Proliferation activity in oral sequences in feline Bowenoid in situ carcinoma using consensus pri- and cutaneous canine melanocytic tumours: correlation with histo- mers. Vet Dermatol. 2007; 18: 241–245 logical parameters, location, and clinical behaviour. Res Vet Sci. 2002; 73: 45–51

[337] Munday JS, Knight CG: Amplification of feline sarcoid-associated [356] Ogilvie GK, Sundberg JP, OʼBanion MK et al.: Papillary squamous papillomavirus DNA sequences from bovine skin. Vet Dermatol. cell carcinoma in three young dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 2010; 21: 341–344 192: 933–936 [338] Munday JS, Knight CG, Howe L: The same papillomavirus is pre- [357] Ohmori K, Kawarai S, Yasuda N et al.: Identification of c-kit muta- sent in feline sarcoids from North America and New Zealand but tions-independent neoplastic cell proliferation of canine mast cells. not in any non-sarcoid feline samples. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2010; 22: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2008; 126: 43–53 97–100 [358] OʼKeefe DA, Couto CG, Burke-Schwartz C et al.: Systemic masto- [339] Munday JS, OʼConnor KI, Smits B: Development of multiple pig- cytosis in 16 dogs. J Vet Int Med. 1987; 1: 75–80 mented viral plaques and squamous cell carcinomas in a dog infec- [359] Olivry T, Moore PF, Naydan DK et al.: Investigation of epidermo- ted by a novel papillomavirus. Vet Dermatol. 2011; 22: 104–110 tropism in canine mycosis fungoides: expression of intercellular [340] Murphy KM, Olivry T: Comparison of T-lymphocyte proliferation in adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and beta-2 integrins. Arch Dermatol canine epitheliotropic lymphosarcoma and benign lymphocytic der- Res. 1995; 287: 186–192 matoses. Vet Dermatol 2000; 11: 99–105 [360] OʼNeill SH, Newkirk KM, Anis EA et al.: Detection of human papil- [341] Murphy S, Sparkes AH, Blunden AS et al.: Effects of stage and lomavirus DNA in feline premalignant and invasive squamous cell –

number of tumours on prognosis of dogs with cutaneous mast cell carcinoma. Vet Dermatol. 2011; 22: 68 74 Literaturverzeichnis tumours. Vet Rec. 2006; 158: 287–291 [361] Orenberg EK, Luck EE, Brown DM et al.: Implant delivery system: [342] Murphy S, Sparkes AH, Smith KC et al.: Relationships between the intralesional delivery of chemotherapy for treatment of spontanous histological grade of cutaneous mast cell tumours in dogs, their sur- skin tumors in veterinary patients. Clin Dermatol. 1991; 9: 561–568 vival and the efficacy of surgical resection. Vet Rec. 2004; 154: [362] Ortmann U.: Die Hauttumoren der Katze unter besonderer Berück- 743–746 sichtigung der Fibrosarkome. Diss med vet., München 1986 [343] Nagata M, Nanko H, Moriyama A et al.: Pigmented plaques asso- [363] Ozaki K, Yamagami T, Nomura K et al.: Prognostic significance of ciated with papillomavirus infection in dogs: is this epidermodyspla- surgical margin, Ki-67 and cyclin D1 protein expression in grade II sia verruciformis? Vet Dermatol. 1995; 6: 179–186 canine cutaneous mast cell tumor. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 1117– [344] Nagata M: Canine papillomaviruses. In: Bonagura JD (Hrsg.): Kirk’s 1121 current veterinary therapy XIII, WB Saunders, Philadelphia, 2000; [364] Passantino L, Passantino G, Cianciotta A et al.: Expression of 568–571 proto-oncogene C-kit and correlation with morphological evalua- [345] Nambiar PR, Jackson ML, Ellis JA: Immunohistochemical detection tions in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. Immunopharmacol of tumor suppressor gene p53 protein in feline injection site-asso- Immunotoxicol. 2008; 30: 609–621 ciated sarcomas. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 236–238 [365] Patnaik AK, Ehler WN, MacEwen EG: Canine cutaneous mast cell [346] Narama I, Ozaki K, Maeda H et al.: Cutaneous papilloma with viral tumor: Morphologic grading and survival time in 83 dogs. Vet replication in an old dog. J Vet Med Sci. 1992; 54: 387–389 Pathol. 1984; 21: 469–474 [347] Narama I, Kobayashi Y, Yamagami T, et al. : Pigmented cutaneous [366] Patnaik AK, Liu SK: Angiosarcoma in cats. J Small Anim Pract. papillomatosis (pigmented epidermal nevus) in three pug dogs; his- 1977; 18: 191–198 topathology, electron microscopy and analysis of viral DNA by the [367] Patnaik AK, Mooney S: Feline melanoma: a comparative study of polymerase chain reaction. J Comp Pathol. 2005; 132: 132–138 ocular, oral and dermal neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 1988; 25: 105–112 [348] Nespeca G, Grest P, Rosenkrantz WS et al.: Detection of novel [368] Pavletic MM: Atlas of small animal wound management and papillomaviruslike sequences in paraffin-embedded specimens of reconstructive surgery. 3. Auflage, John Wiley & Sons, 2010 invasive and in situ squamous cell carcinomas from cats. Am J Vet [369] Pérez J, Bautista MJ, Rollón E et al.: Immunohistochemical charac- Res. 2006; 67: 2036–2041 terization of hemangiopericytomas and other spindle cell tumors in [349] Newman SJ, Mrkonjich L, Walker KK et al.: Canine subcutaneous the dog. Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 391–397 mast cell tumour: diagnosis and prognosis. J Comp Pathol. 2007; [370] Pérez J, Day MJ, Martín MP et al.: Immunohistochemical study of 136: 231–239 the inflammatory infiltrate associated with feline cutaneous squa- [350] Nicholls PK, Klaunberg BA, Moore RA: Naturally occurring, non- mous cell carcinomas and precancerous lesions (actinic keratosis). regressing canine oral papillomavirus infection: host immunity, Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1999; 69: 33–46 virus characterization, and experimental infection. Virology. 1999; [371] Pestili de Almeida EM, Piché C, Sirois J et al.: Expression of cyclo- 265: 365–374 oxygenase-2 in naturally occurring squamous cell carcinomas in [351] Nicholls PK, Moore PF, Anderson DM et al.: Regression of canine dogs. J Histochem Cytochem. 2001; 49: 867–875 oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ [372] Peters-Kennedy J, Scott DW, Miller WH Jr. et al.: Apparent clinical lymphocytes. Virology. 2001; 283: 31–39 resolution of pinnal actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma [352] Nikula KJ, Benjamin SA, Angleton GM et al.: Ultraviolet radiation, in a cat using topical imiquimod 5% cream. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; solar dermatosis, and cutaneous neoplasia in Beagle dogs. Radiation 10: 593–599 Res. 1992; 129: 11–18 [373] Pires I, Garcia A, Prada J et al.: COX-1 and COX-2 expression in [353] Northrup NC, Howerth EW, Harmon BG et al.: Variation among canine cutaneous, oral and ocular melanocytic tumours. J Comp pathologists in the histologic grading of canine cutaneous mast cell Pathol. 2010; 143: 142–149 tumors with uniform use of a single grading reference. J Vet Diagn [374] Pires I, Queiroga FL, Alves A et al.: Decrease of E-cadherin expres- Invest. 2005; 17: 561–564 sion in canine cutaneous histiocytoma appears to be related to its [354] Nyman HT, Kristensen AT, Lee MH et al.: Characterization of spontaneous regression. Anticancer Res. 2009; 29: 2713–2717 canine superficial tumors using gray-scale B mode, color flow map- [375] Platz SJ, Breuer W, Geisel O et al.: Identification of λ light chain ping, and spectral doppler ultrasonography–a multivariate study. amyloid in eight canine and two feline extramedullary plasmacyto- Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 192–198 mas. J Comp Pathol. 1997; 116: 45–54 [355] Ogilvie GK, Macy DW, Ford RB: Controversies in oncology: Should [376] Platz SJ, Breuer W, Pfleghaar S et al.: Prognostic value of histopa- we give cancer-inducing vaccines? Proc. 14. ACVIM Forum, San thological grading in canine extramedullary plasmacytomas. Vet Antonio, Texas, 1996; 644–645 Pathol. 1999; 36: 23–27

[377] Plavec T, Kessler M, Kandel B et al.: Palliative radiotherapy as [398] Riva F, Brizzola S, Stefanello D et al.: A study of mutations in the treatment for non-resectable soft tissue sarcomas in the dog – a c-kit gene of 32 dogs with mastocytoma. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2005; report of 15 cases. Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 98–103 17: 385–388 [378] Poirier VJ, Adams WM, Forrest LJ et al.: Radiation therapy for [399] Rodríguez F, Herráez P, Rodríguez E et al.: Metastatic pilomatri- incompletely excised grade II canine mast cell tumors. J Am Anim xoma associated with neurological signs in a dog. Vet Rec. 1995; Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 430–434 137: 247–248 [379] Poirier VJ, Thamm DH, Kurzman ID et al.: Liposome-encapsulated [400] Rodriguez-Cariño C, Fondevila D, Segalés J et al.: Expression of doxorubicin (Doxil) and doxorubicin in the treatment of vaccine- KIT receptor in feline cutaneous mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2009; associated sarcoma in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 726–731 46: 878–883 [380] Postorino NC, Berg RJ, Powers BE et al.: Prognostic variables for [401] Roels S, Tilmant K, Ducatelle R: P53 expression and apoptosis in canine hemangiopericytoma: 50 cases (1979–1984). J Am Anim melanomas of dogs and cats. Res Vet Sci. 2001; 70: 19–25 Hosp Assoc. 1988; 24: 501–509 [402] Roels S, Tilmant K, Ducatelle R: PCNA and Ki67 proliferation mar- [381] Preziosi R, Morini M, Sarli G: Expression of the KIT protein kers as criteria for prediction of clinical behaviour of melanocytic (CD117) in primary cutaneous mast cell tumors of the dog. J Vet tumours in cats and dogs. J Comp Pathol. 1999; 121: 13–24 Diagn Invest. 2004; 16: 554–561 [403] Rogers KS, Helman RG, Walker MA: Squamous cell carcinoma of [382] Preziosi R, Sarli G, Paltrinieri M: Multivariate survival analysis of the canine nasal planum: eight cases (1988–1994). J Am Anim histological parameters and clinical presentation in canine cuta- Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 373–378 neous mast cell tumours. Vet Res Commun. 2007; 31: 287–296 [404] Romanelli G, Marconato L, Olivero D et al.: Analysis of prognostic [383] Rakich PM, Latimer KS, Weiss R et al.: Mucocutaneous plasmacy- factors associated with injection-site sarcomas in cats: 57 cases tomas in dogs: 75 cases (1980–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; (2001–2007). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 1193–1199 194: 803–810 [405] Romansik EM, Reilly CM, Kass PH et al.: Mitotic index is predictive [384] Ramírez GA, Altimira J, García B et al.: Chondro-osteoblastic for survival for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. Vet Pathol. metaplasia in canine benign cutaneous lipomas. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 44: 335–341 2010; 142: 89–93 [406] Rowland PH, Valentine BA, Stebbins KE et al.: Cutaneous plasma- [385] Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA, Johnson GC et al.: Melan A and S100 cytomas with amyloid in six dogs. Vet Pathol. 1991; 28: 125–130 protein immunohistochemistry in feline melanomas: 48 cases. Vet [407] Rudd RG, Veatch JK, Whitehair JG et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma in Pathol. 2002; 39: 127–132 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 25: 695–698 [386] Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA, Valli VE: Immunohistochemical detec- [408] Rudmann DG, Van Alstine WG, Doddy F et al.: Pulmonary and tion of multiple myeloma 1/interferon regulatory factor 4 (MUM1/ mediastinal metastases of a vaccination-site sarcoma in a cat. Vet IRF-4) in canine plasmacytoma: comparison with CD79a and CD20. Pathol. 1996; 33: 466–469 Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 875–884 [409] Rudolph R, Gray AP, Leipold HW: Intracutaneous cornifying epi- [387] Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA: Immunohistochemical expression of thelioma (“keratoakanthoma”) of dogs and keratoakanthoma of E-cadherin does not distinguish canine cutaneous histiocytoma man. Cornell Vet. 1977; 67: 254–264 from other canine round cell tumors. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 758–763 [410] Rudolph R: Spontanes Keratoakanthom – Tiermodell für den Tumor [388] Ranst M van, Smith EK, Herron A et al.: Identification of canine des Menschen? Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr. 1983; 90: 349–352 papillomavirus in the skin of an immunosuppressed dog. Europ J [411] Sabattini S, Bettini G: An immunohistochemical analysis of canine Cancer. 1991; 27: S92 haemangioma and haemangiosarcoma. J Comp Pathol. 2009; 140: [389] Rassnick KM, Bailey DB, Flory AB et al.: Efficacy of vinblastine for 158–168 treatment of canine mast cell tumors. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: [412] Sabattini S, Bettini G: Prognostic value of histologic and immuno- 1390–1396 histochemical features in feline cutaneous mast cell tumors. Vet [390] Rassnick KM, Moore AS, Williams LE et al.: Treatment of canine Pathol. 2010; 47: 643–653 mast cell tumors with CCNU (lomustine). J Vet Intern Med. 1999; [413] Sabattini S, Marconato L, Zoff A et al.: Epidermal growth factor 13: 601–605 receptor expression is predictive of poor prognosis in feline cuta- [391] Rassnick KM, Ruslander DM, Cotter SM et al.: Use of carboplatin neous squamous cell carcinoma. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 760– for treatment of dogs with malignant melanoma: 27 cases (1989– 768 2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1444–1448 [414] Sagartz JE, Lairmore MD, Haines D et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma in [392] Rassnick KM, Williams LE, Kristal O et al.: Lomustine for treat- a young dog. Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 353–356 ment of mast cell tumors in cats: 38 cases (1999–2005). J Am Vet [415] Sandler I, Teeger M, Best S: Metastatic vaccine associated fibrosar- Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 1200–1205 coma in a 10–year-old cat. Can Vet J. 1997; 38: 374 [393] Rassnick KM: Medical management of soft tissue sarcomas. Vet [416] Santoro D, Marsella R, Hernandez J: Investigation on the associa- Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 517–531 tion between atopic dermatitis and the development of mycosis [394] Rees CA, Goldschmidt MH: Cutaneous horn and squamous cell fungoides in dogs: a retrospective case-control study. Vet Dermatol. carcinoma in situ (Bowenʼs disease) in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2007; 18: 101–106 1998; 34: 485–486 [417] Sato AF, Solano M: Ultrasonographic findings in abdominal mast [395] Reimann N, Nolte I, Bonk U et al.: Cytogenetic investigation of cell disease: a retrospective study of 19 patients. Vet Radiol Ultra- canine lipomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1999; 111: 172–174 sound. 2004; 45: 51–57 [396] Riedel K, Müller K, Schoon H-A: Kanine und feline Schweißdrüsen- [418] Scase TJ, Edwards D, Miller J et al. Canine mast cell tumors: cor- tumoren – stellen Myoepithelzellen den Ursprung von Mischtumo- relation of apoptosis and proliferation markers with prognosis. J Vet ren dar? Proc. 54. JT DVG Fachgruppe Pathologie. Fulda. 2011, 39 Int Med. 2006; 20: 151–158 [397] Risbon RE, de Lorimier LP, Skorupski K et al.: Response of canine [419] Scavelli TD, Patnaik AK, Mehlhaff CJ et al.: Hemangiosarcoma in cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma to lomustine (CCNU): a retro- the cat: retrospective evaluation of 31 surgical cases. J Am Vet Med spective study of 46 cases (1999–2004). J Vet Intern Med. 2006; Assoc. 1985; 187: 817–819 20: 1389–1397 [420] Schmidt JM, North SM, Freeman KP et al.: Canine paediatric oncology: retrospective assessment of 9522 tumours in dogs up to 12 months (1993–2008). Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 283–292

[421] Schmidt JM, North SM, Freeman KP et al.: Feline paediatric onco- [442] Shiga A, Shirota K, Une Y et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma in a dog. J logy: retrospective assessment of 233 tumours from cats up to one Vet Med Sci. 1994; 56: 1199–1202 year (1993 to 2008). J Small Anim Pract. 2010; 51: 306–311 [443] Shimada A, Shinya K, Awakura T et al.: Cutaneous papillomatosis [422] Schmidt K, Bertani C, Martano M et al.: Reconstruction of the associated with papillomavirus infection in a dog. J Comp Pathol. lower eyelid by third eyelid lateral advancement and local transposi- 1993; 108: 103–107 tion cutaneous flap after “en bloc” resection of squamous cell carci- [444] Shimazaki T, Nagata M, Goto-Koshino Y et al.: A case of canine noma in 5 cats. Vet Surg. 2005; 34: 78–82 lymphomatoid granulomatosis with cutaneous lesions. J Vet Med [423] Schulman FY, Krafft AE, Janczewski T: Feline cutaneous fibropapil- Sci. 2010; 72: 1067–1069 lomas: clinicopathologic findings and association with papilloma- [445] Simko E, Wilcock BP, Yager JA: A retrospective study of 44 canine virus infection. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 291–296 apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinomas. Can Vet J. 2003; 44: 38–42 [424] Schultheiss PC: A retrospective study of visceral and nonvisceral [446] Simoes JP, Schoning P, Butine M: Prognosis of canine mast cell hemangiosarcoma and hemangiomas in domestic animals. J Vet tumors: a comparison of three methods. Vet Pathol. 1994; 31: Diagn Invest. 2004; 16: 522–526 637—647 [425] Schultheiss PC: Histologic features and clinical outcomes of mela- [447] Simoes JP, Schoning P: Canine mast cell tumors: a comparison of

nomas of lip, haired skin, and nail bed locations of dogs. J Vet Diagn staining techniques. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1994; 6: 458–465 Literaturverzeichnis Invest. 2006; 18: 422–425 [448] Simon D, Ruslander DM, Rassnick KM et al.: Orthovoltage radia- [426] Schultze AE, Frank LA, Hahn KA: Repeated physical and cytologic tion and weekly low dose of doxorubicin for the treatment of characterizations of subcutaneous postvaccinal reactions in cats. incompletely excised soft-tissue sarcomas in 39 dogs. Vet Rec. Am J Vet Res. 1997; 58: 719–724 2007; 160: 321–326 [427] Schwartz W, Liska W: Metastatic basal cell epithelioma in a cat. [449] Simpson AM, Ludwig LL, Newman SJ et al.: Evaluation of surgical Southwestern Vet. 1982; 35: 14 margins required for complete excision of cutaneous mast cell [428] Schwegler K, Walter JH, Rudolph R: Epithelial neoplasms of the tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224: 236–240 skin, the cutaneous mucosa and the transitional epithelium in dogs: [450] Smith AJ, Njaa BL, Lamm CG: Immunohistochemical expression of an immunolocalization study for papillomavirus antigen. Zbl Vet c-KIT protein in feline soft tissue fibrosarcomas. Vet Pathol. 2009; Med A. 1997; 44: 115–123 46: 934–939 [429] Scott DW, Anderson WI: Canine hair follicle neoplasms: a retro- [451] Smith SH, Goldschmidt MH, McManus PM: A comparative review spective analysis of 80 cases (1986–1987). Vet Dermatol. 1991; 2: of melanocytic neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 651–678 143–150 [452] Son YS, Chae CH: Histopathology of canine sweat gland neoplasms. [430] Scott DW, Anderson WI: Canine sebaceous gland tumors: a retro- Korean J Vet Res. 1995; 35: 353–360 spective analysis of 172 cases. Canine Pract. 1990; 15: 19–27 [453] Spangler WL, Kass PH: The histologic and epidemiologic bases for [431] Scott DW, Anderson WI: Hair follicle neoplasms in three cats. prognostic considerations in canine melanocytic neoplasia. Vet Feline Pract. 1991; 19: 14–16 Pathol. 2006; 43: 136–149 [432] Scott FW, Geissinger CM: Duration of immunity in cats vaccinated [454] Spugnini EP, Vincenzi B, Baldi F et al.: Adjuvant electrochemothe- with an inactivated feline panleukopenia, herpesvirus, and calici- rapy for the treatment of incompletely resected canine mast cell virus vaccine. Feline Pract. 1997; 25: 12–19 tumors. Anticancer Res. 2006; 26: 4585–4589 [433] Scott FW, Geissinger CM: Long-term immunity in cats vaccinated [455] Spugnini EP, Vincenzi B, Citro G et al.: Electrochemotherapy for with an inactivated trivalent vaccine. Am J Vet Res. 1999; 60: 652– the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in cats: a preliminary 658 report. Vet J. 2009; 179: 117–120 [434] Scott, DW, Anderson WI: Feline sebaceous gland tumors: a retro- [456] Srebrenik N, Appleby RC: Breed prevalence and sites of heman- spective analysis of nine cases. Feline Pract. 1991; 19: 16–21 gioma and hemangiosarcoma in dogs. Vet Rec. 1991; 129: 408– [435] Séguin B, Besancon MF, McCallan JL et al.: Recurrence rate, clini- 409 cal outcome, and cellular proliferation indices as prognostic indica- [457] Stampehl M, Laik C: Diagnostik und palliative Therapie einer Myco- tors after incomplete surgical excision of cutaneous grade II mast sis fungoides bei einer Golden-Retriever-Hündin. Kleintierprax. cell tumors: 28 dogs (1994–2002). J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 2010; 55: 196–203 933–940 [458] Stanclift RM, Gilson SD: Evaluation of neoadjuvant prednisone [436] Séguin B, Leibman NF, Bregazzi VS et al.: Clinical outcome of administration and surgical excision in treatment of cutaneous dogs with grade-II mast cell tumors treated with surgery alone: 55 mast cell tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 53–62 cases (1996–1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1120–1123 [459] Stannard AA, Pulley LT: Intracutaneous cornifying epithelioma [437] Selting KA, Powers BE, Thompson LJ et al.: Outcome of dogs with (keratoakanthoma) in the dog: a retrospective study of 25 cases. J high-grade soft tissue sarcomas treated with and without adjuvant Am Vet Med Assoc. 1975; 167: 385—388 doxorubicin chemotherapy: 39 cases (1996–2004). J Am Vet Med [460] Starr RM: Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force: a new Assoc. 2005; 227: 1442–1448 model for problem solving in veterinary medicine. J Am Vet Med [438] Sfiligoi G, Rassnick KM, Scarlett JM et al.: Outcome of dogs with Assoc. 1998; 213: 1428–1429 mast cell tumors in the inguinal or perineal region versus other [461] Stefanello D, Morello E, Roccabianca P et al.: Marginal excision of cutaneous locations: 124 cases (1990–2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. low-grade spindle cell sarcoma of canine extremities: 35 dogs 2005; 226: 1368–1374 (1996–2006). Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 461–465 [439] Shapiro W, Kitchell BE, Fossum TW et al.: Cisplatin for treatment [462] Steger-Lieb A, Kostorz A, Hauser B et al.: Einsatz der Strahlenthe- of transitional cell and squamous cell carcinomas in dogs. J Am Vet rapie bei vakzine-assoziierten Sarkomen der Katze. Erfahrungen aus Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 1530—1533 18 Fällen (1994–1999). Tierärztl Prax. 2002; 30: 35–40 [440] Sharif M, Reinacher M: Clear cell trichoblastomas in two dogs. J [463] Stell AJ, Dobson JM, Langmack K: Photodynamic therapy of feline Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2006; 53: 352–354 superficial squamous cell carcinoma using topical 5–aminolaevuli- [441] Shaw SC, Kent MS, Gordon IK et al.: Temporal changes in charac- nic acid. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; 42:164–169 teristics of injection-site sarcomas in cats: 392 cases (1990–2006). J [464] Stiglmair-Herb MT: Hauttumoren bei Katzen – eine retrospektive Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 234: 376–380 Studie. Tierärztl. Umschau. 1987; 42: 681–686

[465] Stockhaus C, Schoon HA, Grevel V et al.: Diagnostische Aussage- [487] Tokita H, Konishi S: Studies on canine oral papillomatosis. II. Onco- kraft der Zytologie für den Nachweis von Weichteilsarkomen bei genicity of canine oral papilloma virus to various tissues of dog with Hund und Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2003; 31(K): 136–198 special reference to eye tumor. Nippon Juigaku Zasshi. (Jap J Vet Sci) [466] Stockhaus C, Teske E, Rudolph R et al.: Assessment of cytological 1975; 37: 109–120 criteria for diagnosing basal cell tumours in the dog and cat. J Small [488] Toma S, Noli C: Isotretinoin in the treatment of multiple benign Anim Pract. 2001; 42: 582–586 pilomatrixomas in a mixed-breed dog. Vet Dermatol. 2005; 16: [467] Stokking LB, Ehrhart EJ, Lichtensteiger CA: Pigmented epidermal 346–350 plaques in three dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 411–417 [489] Trigo FJ, Hargis AM: Canine cutaneous plasmacytoma with regio- [468] Strafuss AC, Bozarth AJ: Liposarcoma in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp nal lymph node metastasis. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1983; 78: Assoc. 1973; 9: 183–187 1749—1751 [469] Strafuss AC: Sebaceous gland adenomas in dogs. J Am Vet Med [490] Trojani M, Contesso G, Coindre JM et al.: Soft-tissue sarcomas of Assoc. 1976; 169: 640–642 adults: study of pathological prognostic variables and definition of a histopathological grading system. Int J Cancer. 1984; 33: 37–42 [470] Strafuss AC: Sebaceous gland carcinoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1976; 169: 325–326 [491] Trumel C, Bourgès-Abella N, Touron C et al.: Adverse haematological effects of vinblastine, prednisolone and cimetidine treatment: [471] Sugiyama A, Takeuchi T, Morita T et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma in a a retrospective study in fourteen dogs with mast cell tumours. J Vet cat. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 137: 174–178 Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2005; 52: 275–279 [472] Sulaimon SS, Kitchell BE: The basic biology of malignant mela- [492] Turrel JM, Farrelly J, Page RL, e t al.: Evaluation of strontium 90 noma: molecular mechanisms of disease progression and compara- irradiation in treatment of cutaneous mast cell tumors in cats: 35 tive aspects. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 760–772 cases (1992–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 898–901 [473] Sundberg JP, Van Ranst M, Montali R et al.: Feline Papillomas and [493] Turrel JM, Kitchell BE, Miller LM et al.: Prognostic factors for radia- Papillomaviruses. Vet Pathol. 2000; 37: 1–10 tion treatment of mast cell tumors in 85 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [474] Takahashi T, Kadosawa T, Nagase M et al.: Inhibitory effects of 1988; 193: 936–940 glucocorticoids on proliferation of canine mast cell tumor. J Vet [494] Tzannes S, Ibarrola P, Batchelor DJ et al.: Use of recombinant Med Sci. 1997; 59: 995—1001 human interferon alpha-2a in the management of a dog with epi- [475] Taylor DON, Dorn CR, Luis OH: Morphologic and biologic charac- theliotropic lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 276–282 teristics of the canine cutaneous histiocytoma. Cancer Res. 1969; [495] Vala H, Esteves F: A case of angiokeratoma. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 29: 83–92 324–325 [476] Taylor F, Gear R, Hoather T et al.: Chlorambucil and prednisolone [496] van der Linde-Sipman JS, de Wit MM, van Garderen E et al.: chemotherapy for dogs with inoperable mast cell tumours: 21 Cutaneous malignant melanomas in 57 cats: identification of (ame- cases. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 284–289 lanotic) signet-ring and balloon cell types and verification of their [477] Thamm DH, Mauldin EA, Vail DM: Prednisone and vinblastine che- origin by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and in situ motherapy for canine mast cell tumor-41 cases (1992–1997). J Vet hybridization. Vet Pathol. 1997; 34: 31–38 Intern Med. 1999; 13: 491–497 [497] Vascellari M, Mutinelli F, Cossettini R et al.: Liposarcoma at the [478] Thamm DH, Turek MM, Vail DM: Outcome and prognostic factors site of an implanted microchip in a dog. Vet J. 2004 Sep; 168: 188– following adjuvant prednisone/vinblastine chemotherapy for high- 190 risk canine mast cell tumour: 61 cases. J Vet Med Sci. 2006; 68: [498] Vickery KR, Wilson H, Vail DM et al.: Dose-escalating vinblastine 581–587 for the treatment of canine mast cell tumour. Vet Comp Oncol. [479] Théon AP, Madewell BR, Shearn V et al.: Prognostic factors asso- 2008; 6: 111–119 ciated with radiotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal [499] Volta A, Bonazzi M, Gnudi G et al.: Ultrasonographic features of plane in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 991–996 canine lipomas. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 589–591 [480] Thiel W: Mastzelltumoren beim Hund – Auswertung pathologisch- [500] Von Buest BR, Suter MM, Summers BA: Factor VIII-related antigen histologischer Untersuchungsbefunde der Jahre 1980–1986 mit in canine endothelial neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 1988 ; 25: 251–255 Hinweis auf die TNM-Klassifizierung von Tumoren bei Haustieren. Kleintierprax. 1990; 35: 401–404 [501] Walsh KM, Abbott DP: Lymphangiosarcoma in two cats. J Comp Pathol. 1984; 94: 611 [481] Thomas R, Valli VE, Ellis P et al.: Microarray-based cytogenetic profiling reveals recurrent and subtype-associated genomic copy [502] Walter J: A cytokeratin profile of canine epithelial skin tumours. J number aberrations in feline sarcomas. Chromosome Res. 2009; Comp Pathol. 2000; 122: 278–287 17: 987–1000 [503] Ward H, Fox L, Calderwood-Mays MB et al.: Cutaneous heman- [482] Thompson JJ, Pearl DL, Yager JA et al.: Canine subcutaneous mast giosarcoma in 25 dogs: a retrospective study. J Vet Intern Med. cell tumor: Characterization and prognostic indices. Vet Pathol. 1994; 8: 345–348 2011; 48: 156–168 [504] Warren AL, Summers BA: Epithelioid variant of hemangioma and [483] Thomson MJ, Withrow SJ, Dernell WS et al.: Intermuscular lipo- hemangiosarcoma in the dog, horse, and cow. Vet Pathol. 2007; mas of the thigh region in dogs: 11 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 44: 15–24 1999; 35: 165–167 [505] Watach AM, Hanson LE, Meyer RC: Canine papilloma. The structu- [484] Thompson JJ, Yager JA, Best SJ et al.: Canine subcutaneous mast ral characterization of oral papilloma virus. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1969; cell tumors: cellular proliferation and KIT expression as prognostic 43: 453–458 indices. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 169–181. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. [506] Webb JA, Boston SE, Armstrong J et al.: Lymphangiosarcoma gov/pubmed?term=%22Coomber%20BL%22%5BAuthor%5D associated with primary lymphedema in a Bouvier des Flandres. J [485] Thrall MA, Macy DW, Snyder SP et al.: Cutaneous lymphosarcoma Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 122–124 and leukemia in a dog resembling Sézary syndrome in man. Vet [507] Webster JD, Kiupel M, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V: Evaluation of the Pathol. 1984; 21: 182–186 kinase domain of c-KIT in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. BMC [486] Tinsley PE, Taylor DO: Immunotherapy for multicentric malignant Cancer. 2006; 6: 85 mastocytoma in a dog. Mod Vet Pract. 1987; 68: 225–228 [508] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Kaneene JB et al.: The role of c-KIT in tumorigenesis: evaluation in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. Neoplasia. 2006; 8: 104–111

[509] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Miller RA,et al.: Cellular proli- [3] Andrade FH, Figueiroa FC, Bersano PR et al.: Malignant mammary feration in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: associations with tumor in female dogs: environmental contaminants. Diagn Pathol. c-KIT and its role in prognostication. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 298–308 2010; 5: 45 [510] Webster JD, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Thamm DH et al.: Evaluation [4] Antuofermo E, Miller MA, Pirino S et al.: Spontaneous mammary of prognostic markers for canine mast cell tumors treated with intraepithelial lesions in dogs–a model of breast cancer. Cancer Epi- vinblastine and prednisone. BMC Vet Res. 2008; 4: 32 demiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007; 16: 2247–2256 [511] Wedemeyer J, Tsai M, Galli SJ: Roles of mast cells and basophils in [5] Arnicke U: Mammatumoren bei der Hündin: Immunhistochemi- innate and acquired immunity. Curr Opin Immunol. 2000; 12: 624– scher Nachweis von Metastasen und Mikrometastasen im Axil- 631 larlymphknoten und im Knochen. Diss med vet. Berlin; 1998 [512] Weisse C, Shofer FS, Sorenmo K: Recurrence rates and sites for [6] Bae BK, Kim CW, Choi US et al.: Hypercalcemia and high parathy- grade II canine cutaneous mast cell tumors following complete sur- roid hormone-related peptide concentration in a dog with a com- gical excision. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 71–73 plex mammary carcinoma. Vet Clin Pathol. 2007; 36: 376–378 [513] Welle MM, Bley CR, Howard J et al.: Canine mast cell tumours: a [7] Baumann D, Hauser B, Hubler M et al.: Signs of metastatic disease review of the pathogenesis, clinical features, pathology and treat- on thoracic radiographs of dogs suffering from mammary gland – –

ment. Vet Dermatol. 2008; 19: 321 339 tumours: a retrospective study (1990 1998). Schweiz Arch Tier- Literaturverzeichnis [514] White JV, Dunstan RW: Clinical and histopathologic evaluation of heilkd. 2004; 146: 431–435 canine dermal angiosarcoma. A case report. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [8] Bearss JJ, Schulman FY, Carter D: Histologic, immunohistochemi- 1984; 20: 607–611 cal and clinical features of 27 mammary tumors in 18 male dogs. [515] White SD, Rosychuk RAW, Scott KV et al.: Use of isotretinoin and Vet Pathol. 2012; 49: 602–607 etretinate for the treatment of benign cutaneous neoplasia and [9] Bender AP, Dorn RC, Schneider R: An epidemiological study of cutaneous lymphoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: canine multiple primary neoplasia involving the female and male 387–391 reproductive systems. Prev Vet Med.1984; 2: 715–731 [516] Wilcock BP, Yager JA, Zink MC: The morphology and behavior of [10] Benjamin SA, Lee AC, Saunders WJ: Classification and behavior of feline cutaneous mastocytomas. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 320–324 canine mammary epithelial neoplasms based on life-span observa- [517] Wiley JL, Rook KA, Clifford CA et al.: Efficacy of doxorubicin- tions in beagles. Vet Pathol. 1999; 36: 423–436 based chemotherapy for non-resectable canine subcutaneous hae- [11] Bostock DE: The prognosis following the surgical excision of canine mangiosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 221–233 mammary neoplasms. Eur J Cancer. 1975; 11: 389–396 [518] Wilhelm S, Degorce-Rubiales F, Godson D et al.: Clinical, histolo- [12] Brodey RS, Fidler IJ, Howson AE: The relationship of estrous irre- gical and immunohistochemical study of feline viral plaques and gularity, pseudopregnancy, and pregnancy to the development of bowenoid in situ carcinomas. Vet Dermatol. 2006; 17: 424–431 canine mammary neoplasms. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1966; 149: [519] Williams JH: Lymphangiosarcoma of dogs: a review. J S Afr Vet 1047–1049 Assoc. 2005; 76:127–131 [13] Brodey RS, Goldschmidt MH, Roszel JR: Canine mammary gland [520] Williams LE, Rassnick KM, Power HT et al.: CCNU in the treat- neoplasms. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 61–90 ment of canine epitheliotropic lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; [14] Brown DC, Purushotham AD, Birnie GD et al.: Detection of intra- 20: 136–143 operative tumor cell dissemination in patients with breast cancer by [521] Withrow SJ, Straw RC: Resection of the nasal planum in nine cats use of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. Surgery. and five dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 219–222 1995; 117: 95–101 [522] Woldemeskel M, Rajeev S: Mast cells in canine cutaneous heman- [15] Callan MB, Giger U, Catalfamo JL: Effect of desmopressin on von gioma, hemangiosarcoma and mammary tumors. Vet Res Com- Willebrand factor multimers in Doberman Pinschers with type 1 mun. 2010; 34: 153–160 von Willebrand disease. Am J Vet Res. 2005; 66: 861–867 [523] Wood C, Almes K, Bagladi-Swanson M et al.: Sézary syndrome in [16] Cameron AM, Faulkin LJ Jr: Hyperplastic and inflammatory nodules a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 144–148 in the canine mammary gland. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1971; 47: 1277– 1287 [524] Yager JA, Wilcock BP: The behavior of epidermotropic lymphoma in twenty five dogs. Can Vet J. 1989; 30: 754–756 [17] Casey HW, Giles RC, Kwapien RP: Mammary neoplasia in animals: pathologic aspects and the effects of contraceptive steroids. Recent [525] Zaugg N, Nespeca G, Hauser B et al.: Detection of novel papillo- Results Cancer Res. 1979; 66: 129–160 maviruses in canine mucosal, cutaneous and in situ squamous cell carcinomas. Vet Dermatol. 2005; 16: 290–298 [18] Cassali GD, Gobbi H, Malm C et al.: Evaluation of accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology for diagnosis of canine mammary [526] Zavodovskaya R, Chien MB, London CA: Use of kit internal tan- tumours: comparative features with human tumours. Cytopatho- dem duplications to establish mast cell tumor clonality in 2 dogs. J logy. 2007; 18: 191–196 Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 915–917 [19] Chang CC, Tsai MH, Liao JW et al.: Evaluation of hormone receptor [527] Zemke D, Yamini B, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V: Mutations in the juxta- expression for use in predicting survival of female dogs with malig- membrane domain of c-KIT are associated with higher grade mast nant mammary gland tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 235: cell tumors in dogs. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 529–535 391–396 [20] Chang CY, Chiou PP, Chen WJ et al.: Assessment of the tumorigenesis and drug susceptibility of three new canine mammary tumor 18 Mammatumoren cell lines. Res Vet Sci. 2009; 88: 285–293 18.1 Mammatumoren des Hundes [21] Chang SC, Chang CC, Chang TJ et al.: Prognostic factors associated with survival two years after surgery in dogs with malignant mam- [1] Ahern TE, Bird RC, Bird AE et al.: Expression of the oncogene mary tumors: 79 cases (1998–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; c-erbB-2 in canine mammary cancers and tumor-derived cell lines. 227: 1625–1629 – Am J Vet Res. 1996; 57: 693 696 [22] Claus EB, Schildkraut JM, Thompson WD et al.: The genetic attri- [2] Allen SW, Prasse KW, Mahaffey EA: Cytologic differentiation of butable risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Cancer. 1996; 77: 2318– benign from malignant canine mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 1986; 2324 23: 649–655

[23] Cleary MP, Grossmann ME, Ray A: Effect of obesity on breast can- [43] Gilbertson SR, Kurzman ID, Zachrau RE et al.: Canine mammary cer development. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 202–213 epithelial neoplasms: biologic implications of morphologic charac- [24] Clemente M, De Andres PJ, Pena L et al.: Survival time of dogs teristics assessed in 232 dogs. Vet Pathol. 1983; 20: 127–142 with inflammatory mammary cancer treated with palliative therapy [44] Giron S, Tejera AM, Ripoll GV et al.: Desmopressin inhibits lung alone or palliative therapy plus chemotherapy. Vet Rec. 2009; 165: and lymph node metastasis in a mouse mammary carcinoma 78–81 model of surgical manipulation. J Surg Oncol. 2002; 81: 38–44 [25] Clemente M, Perez M, Illera J et al.: Histological, immunohistolo- [45] Gobello C, Corrada, Y.: Canine mammary tumors: An endocrine gical, and ultrastructural description of vasculogenic mimicry in clinical approach. Comp Cont Educ Pract Vet. 2001; 23: 705–710 canine mammary cancer. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 265–274 [46] Goldschmidt M, Pena L, Rasotto R et al.: Classification and gra- [26] Clemente M, Perez-Alenza MD, Pena L: Metastasis of canine ding of canine mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 117–131 inflammatory versus non-inflammatory mammary tumours. J [47] Gomez DE, Ripoll GV, Giron S et al.: Desmopressin and other syn- Comp Pathol. 2010; 143: 157–163 thetic vasopressin analogues in cancer treatment. Bull Cancer. [27] de Las Mulas JM, Millan Y, Dios R: A prospective analysis of immu- 2006; 93: E7–12 nohistochemically determined estrogen receptor alpha and proge- [48] Gonzalez de Bulnes A, Garcia Fernandez P, Mayenco Aguirre AM sterone receptor expression and host and tumor factors as predic- et al.: Ultrasonographic imaging of canine mammary tumours. Vet tors of disease-free period in mammary tumors of the dog. Vet Rec. 1998; 143: 687–689 Pathol. 2005; 42: 200–212 [49] Gottwald D: Ein Beitrag zur Häufigkeit von Mammatumoren beim [28] de M. Souza CH, Toledo-Piza E, Amorin R et al.: Inflammatory Hund. Statistische Auswertung der Einsendungen einer Praxis für mammary carcinoma in 12 dogs: clinical features, cyclooxygenase-2 Tierpathologie aus den Jahren 1990 bis 1995. Diss med vet; expression, and response to piroxicam treatment. Can Vet J. 2009; München; 1998 50: 506–510 [50] Griffey SM, Madewell BR, Dairkee SH et al.: Immunohistochemi- [29] Djupsjöbacka A, Eksell P: Frequency of radiographically detected cal reactivity of basal and luminal epithelium-specific cytokeratin pulmonary metastases in bitches with mammary gland neoplasia. antibodies within normal and neoplastic canine mammary glands. Europ J Comp Anim Pract. 2003; 13: 149–156 Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 155–161 [30] Dobson JM, Samuel S, Milstein H et al.: Canine neoplasia in the [51] Griffiths GL, Lumsden JH, Valli VE: Fine needle aspiration cytology UK: estimates of incidence rates from a population of insured dogs. and histologic correlation in canine tumors. Vet Clin Pathol. 1984; J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 240–246 13: 13–17 [31] Donnay I, Rauis J, Devleeschouwer N et al.: Comparison of estro- [52] Guil-Luna S, Sanchez-Cespedes R, Millan Y et al.: Aglepristone gen and progesterone receptor expression in normal and tumor decreases proliferation in progesterone receptor-positive canine mammary tissues from dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1995; 56: 1188–1194 mammary carcinomas. J Vet Intern Med. 2011; 25: 518–523 [32] Dore M, Lanthier I, Sirois J: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in canine [53] Hahn KA, Richardson RC, Knapp DC: Canine malignant mammary mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 207–212 neoplasia: biological behavior, diagnosis, and treatment alternati- [33] Dore M: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in animal cancers. Vet ves. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1992; 28: 251–256 Pathol. 2010; 48: 254–265 [54] Hamilton JM: Comparative aspects of mammary tumors. Adv Can- [34] Dorn CR, Taylor DO, Schneider R et al.: Survey of animal neo- cer Res. 1974; 19: 1–45 plasms in Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, California. II. Cancer [55] Hampe JF, Misdorp W: Tumours and dysplasias of the mammary morbidity in dogs and cats from Alameda County. J Natl Cancer gland. Bull WHO. 1974; 50: 111–133 Inst. 1968; 40: 307–318 [56] Harb MF, Nelson RW, Feldman EC et al.: Central diabetes insipidus [35] Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Ohagen P et al.: Incidence of and survival in dogs: 20 cases (1986–1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: after mammary tumors in a population of over 80,000 insured 1884–1888 female dogs in Sweden from 1995 to 2002. Prev Vet Med. 2005; [57] Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 69: 109–127 expression is associated with histologic tumor type in canine mam- [36] Ellis LM, Bland KI, Copeland EM 3rd: Inflammatory breast cancer: mary carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 776–780 advances in therapy. Semin Surg Oncol. 1988; 4: 261–267 [58] Hellmen E, Bergstrom R, Holmberg L et al.: Prognostic factors in [37] Ferreira E, Bertagnolli AC, Cavalcanti MF et al.: The relationship canine mammary tumors: a multivariate study of 202 consecutive between tumour size and expression of prognostic markers in cases. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 20–27 benign and malignant canine mammary tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. [59] Henry CJ: Mammary Cancer. In: Bonagura JD (Hrsg.): Kirk’s current 2009; 7: 230–235 veterinary therapy XIV. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, 2009, [38] Fidler IJ, Brodey RS: The biological behavior of canine mammary 363–368 neoplasms. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1967; 151: 1311–1318 [60] Hermo GA, Torres P, Ripoll GV et al.: Perioperative desmopressin [39] Fowler EH, Wilson GP, Koestner A: Biologic behavior of canine prolongs survival in surgically treated bitches with mammary gland mammary neoplasms based on a histogenetic classification. Vet tumours: a pilot study. Vet J. 2008; 178: 103–108 Pathol. 1974; 11: 212–229 [61] Hermo GA, Turic E, Angelico D et al.: Effect of adjuvant periopera- [40] Fowler EH, Vaughan T, Gotcsik F: Pathologic changes in mammary tive desmopressin in locally advanced canine mammary carcinoma glands and uteri from beagle bitches receiving low levels of medroxy- and its relation to histologic grade. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2011; progesterone acetate: an overview of research in progress. In: 47: 21–27 Garattini S, Berendes HW (Hrsg.), Pharmacology of steroid contra- [62] Hoffmann B, Schuler G: Receptor blockers – general aspects with ceptive drugs. Raven Press, New York, 1977, xvi, 375 respect to their use in domestic animal reproduction. Anim Reprod [41] Frank DW, Kirton KT, Murchison TE et al.: Mammary tumors and Sci. 2000; 60–61: 295–312 serum hormones in the bitch treated with medroxyprogesterone [63] Holohan TV, Phillips TM, Bowles C et al.: Regression of canine acetate or progesterone for four years. Fertil Steril. 1979; 31: 340– mammary carcinoma after immunoadsorption therapy. Cancer Res. 346 1982; 42: 3663–3668 [42] Gama A, Alves A, Schmitt FC: Clinicopathologic features of mam- [64] Itoh T, Uchida K, Ishikawa K et al.: Clinicopathological survey of mary invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMC) in dogs. Vet Pathol. 101 canine mammary gland tumors: differences between small- 2008; 45: 600–601 breed dogs and others. J Vet Med Sci. 2005; 67: 345–347

[65] Janni W, Hepp P: Adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy: outcomes [87] MacVean DW, Monlux AW, Anderson PS Jr et al.: Frequency of and safety. Cancer Treat Rev. 2010; 36: 249–261 canine and feline tumors in a defined population. Vet Pathol. 1978; [66] Karayannopoulou M, Kaldrymidou E, Constantinidis TC et al.: 15: 700–715 Adjuvant post-operative chemotherapy in bitches with mammary [88] Marconato L, Lorenzo RM, Abramo F et al.: Adjuvant gemcitabine cancer. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2001; 48: 85–96 after surgical removal of aggressive malignant mammary tumours [67] Karayannopoulou M, Kaldrymidou E, Constantinidis TC et al.: in dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 90–101 Histological grading and prognosis in dogs with mammary carcino- [89] Marconato L, Romanelli G, Stefanello D et al.: Prognostic factors mas: application of a human grading method. J Comp Pathol. 2005; for dogs with mammary inflammatory carcinoma: 43 cases (2003– 133: 246–252 2008). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 235: 967–972 [68] Karayannopoulou M, Polizopoulou ZS, Koutinas AF et al.: Serum [90] Marquardt C: Untersuchungen zur präoperativen Dignitätserfas- alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme activities in canine malignant sung kaniner Mammatumoren mittels Ultraschall und Nadelbiopsie. mammary neoplasms with and without osseous transformation. Diss med vet; JL-Universität Giessen; 2003 Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; 35: 287–290 [91] Martin PM, Cotard M, Mialot JP et al.: Animal models for hor- [69] Klopfleisch R, von Euler H, Sarli G et al.: Molecular carcinogenesis mone-dependent human breast cancer. Relationship between ste-

of canine mammary tumors: news from an old disease. Vet Pathol. roid receptor profiles in canine and feline mammary tumors and Literaturverzeichnis 2011; 48: 98–116 survival rate. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1984; 12: 13–17 [70] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, Bottoms GD et al.: Phase I trial of [92] Maruyama H, Miura T, Sakai M et al.: The incidence of dissemina- piroxicam in 62 dogs bearing naturally occurring tumors. Cancer ted intravascular coagulation in dogs with malignant tumor. J Vet Chemother Pharmacol. 1992; 29: 214–218 Med Sci. 2004; 66: 573–575 [71] Knottenbelt C, Chambers G, Gault E et al.: The in vitro effects of [93] Merlo DF, Rossi L, Pellegrino C et al.: Cancer incidence in pet piroxicam and meloxicam on canine cell lines. J Small Anim Pract. dogs: findings of the Animal Tumor Registry of Genoa, Italy. J Vet 2006; 47: 14–20 Intern Med. 2008; 22: 976–984 [72] Kott C: Zur Aussagekraft der HER2 Rezeptorexpression in caninen [94] Millanta F, Calandrella M, Bari G et al.: Comparison of steroid Mammatumoren als diagnostischer und prognostischer Faktor Diss receptor expression in normal, dysplastic, and neoplastic canine med vet; Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover; 2004 and feline mammary tissues. Res Vet Sci. 2005; 79: 225–232 [73] Kubo K, Matsuyama S, Katayama K et al.: Frequent expression of [95] Millanta F, Silvestri G, Vaselli C et al.: The role of vascular endo- the c-kit proto-oncogene in canine malignant mammary tumor. J thelial growth factor and its receptor Flk-1/KDR in promoting Vet Med Sci. 1998; 60: 1335–1340 tumour angiogenesis in feline and canine mammary carcinomas: a [74] Kuntz CA, Dernell WS, Powers BE et al.: Extraskeletal osteosarco- preliminary study of autocrine and paracrine loops. Res Vet Sci. mas in dogs: 14 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 26–30 2006; 81: 350–357 [75] Kurzman ID, Gilbertson SR: Prognostic factors in canine mammary [96] Mischke R, Wohlsein P, Busse L et al.: Verbrauchskoagulopathie tumors. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1986; 1: 25–32 und Hyperfibrinolyse bei Hunden mit metastasierendem Mamma- karzinom. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1998; 140: 497–505 [76] Lakhani SR: The transition from hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma of the breast. J Pathol. 1999; 187: 272–278 [97] Misdorp W, den Herder BA: Bone metastasis in mammary cancer. A report of 10 cases in the female dog and some comparison with [77] Langenbach A, Anderson MA, Dambach DM et al.: Extraskeletal human cases. Br J Cancer. 1966; 20: 496–503 osteosarcomas in dogs: a retrospective study of 169 cases (1986– 1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 113–120 [98] Misdorp W, Hart AA: Prognostic factors in canine mammary cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1976; 56: 779–786 [78] Langenbach A, McManus PM, Hendrick MJ et al.: Sensitivity and specificity of methods of assessing the regional lymph nodes for [99] Misdorp W, Hart AA: Canine mammary cancer. I. Prognosis. J evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors. J Am Vet Small Anim Pract. 1979; 20: 385–394 Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1424–1428 [100] Misdorp W, Hart AA: Canine mammary cancer. II. Therapy and [79] Lavalle GE, Bertagnolli AC, Tavares WL et al.: Cox-2 expression in causes of death. J Small Anim Pract. 1979; 20: 395–404 canine mammary carcinomas: correlation with angiogenesis and [101] Misdorp W: Canine mammary tumours: protective effect of late overall survival. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 1275–1280 ovariectomy and stimulating effect of progestins. Vet Q. 1988; 10: [80] Lee JJ, Chen PB, Yang SH et al.: Effect of the VP3 gene of chicken 26–33 anemia virus on canine mammary tumor cells. Am J Vet Res. 2007; [102] Misdorp W: Tumors of the mammary gland. In: Meuten DJ (Hrsg.), 68: 411–422 Tumors in Domestic Animals. Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa, 2002, [81] Lohr CV, Teifke JP, Failing K et al.: Characterization of the prolifera- 575–606, 764 tion state in canine mammary tumors by the standardized AgNOR [103] Misdorp W, Else RW, Hellmen E et al.: Histologic Classification of method with postfixation and immunohistologic detection of Ki-67 mammary tumors of the dog and the cat, 2nd Ed. Armed Force and PCNA. Vet Pathol. 1997; 34: 212–221 Institute of Pathology and World Health Organization. 1999; 7: 59 [82] London CA, Hannah AL, Zadovoskaya R et al.: Phase I dose-escala- [104] Moe L: Population-based incidence of mammary tumours in some ting study of SU11654, a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase dog breeds. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2001; 57: 439–443 inhibitor, in dogs with spontaneous malignancies. Clin Cancer Res. [105] Morris JS, Dobson JM, Bostock DE: Use of tamoxifen in the control 2003; 9: 2755–2768 of canine mammary neoplasia. Vet Rec. 1993; 133: 539–542 [83] Losco PE: Local and peripheral eosinophilia in a dog with anaplastic [106] Morris JS, Dobson JM, Bostock DE et al.: Effect of ovariohysterec- mammary carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 536–538 tomy in bitches with mammary neoplasms. Vet Rec. 1998; 142: [84] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Harvey HJ et al.: Estrogen receptors in 656–658 canine mammary tumors. Cancer Res. 1982; 42: 2255–2259 [107] Moulton JE, Taylor DO, Dorn CR et al.: Canine mammary tumors. [85] MacEwen EG, Harvey HJ, Patnaik AK et al.: Evaluation of effects of Pathol Vet. 1970; 7: 289–320 levamisole and surgery on canine mammary cancer. J Biol Response [108] Moulton JE, Rosenblatt LS, Goldman M: Mammary tumors in a Mod. 1985; 4: 418–426 colony of beagle dogs. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 741–749 [86] MacFarlane RJ, Gelmon KA: Lapatinib for breast cancer: a review of [109] Müller F: Hochauflösende Ultraschallverfahren und Doppler-Sono- the current literature. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2010; 10: 109–121 graphie zur Mammadiagnostik bei der Hündin. Diss med vet. Uni- versität Leipzig; 2010

[110] Nemanic S, London CA, Wisner ER: Comparison of thoracic radio- [129] Peruzzi D, Mesiti G, Ciliberto G et al.: Telomerase and HER-2/neu graphs and single breath-hold helical CT for detection of pulmonary as targets of genetic cancer vaccines in dogs. Vaccine. 2009; 28: nodules in dogs with metastatic neoplasia. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 1201–1208 20: 508–515 [130] Philibert JC, Snyder PW, Glickman N et al.: Influence of host fac- [111] Nieto A, Pena L, Perez-Alenza MD et al.: Immunohistologic detec- tors on survival in dogs with malignant mammary gland tumors. J tion of estrogen receptor alpha in canine mammary tumors: clinical Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 102–106 and pathologic associations and prognostic significance. Vet Pathol. [131] Poirier VJ, Hershey AE, Burgess KE et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of 2000; 37: 239–247 paclitaxel (Taxol) for the treatment of canine malignant tumors. J [112] Nyman HT, Nielsen OL, McEvoy FJ et al.: Comparison of B-mode Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 219–222 and Doppler ultrasonographic findings with histologic features of [132] Priester WA, Mantel N: Occurrence of tumors in domestic ani- benign and malignant mammary tumors in dogs. Am J Vet Res. mals. Data from 12 United States and Canadian colleges of veteri- 2006; 67: 985–991 nary medicine. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1971; 47: 1333–1344 [113] Ogilvie GK, Reynolds HA, Richardson RC et al.: Phase II evaluation [133] Priester WA: Occurrence of mammary neoplasms in bitches in rela- of doxorubicin for treatment of various canine neoplasms. J Am Vet tion to breed, age, tumour type, and geographical region from Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1580–1583 which reported. J Small Anim Pract. 1979; 20: 1–11 [114] Ogilvie GK, Obradovich JE, Elmslie RE et al.: Efficacy of mitoxant- [134] Queiroga FL, Pires I, Lobo L et al.: The role of Cox-2 expression in rone against various neoplasms in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; the prognosis of dogs with malignant mammary tumours. Res Vet 198: 1618–1621 Sci. 88: 441–445 [115] Orlando L, Schiavone P, Fedele P et al.: Molecularly targeted [135] Queiroga FL, Perez-Alenza MD, Silvan G et al.: Cox-2 levels in endocrine therapies for breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2010; 36 canine mammary tumors, including inflammatory mammary carci- (Suppl 3): S67–71 noma: clinicopathological features and prognostic significance. [116] Otoni CC, Rahal SC, Vulcano LC et al.: Survey radiography and Anticancer Res. 2005; 25: 4269–4275 computerized tomography imaging of the thorax in female dogs [136] Queiroga FL, Perez-Alenza MD, Silvan G et al.: Role of steroid hor- with mammary tumors. Acta Vet Scand. 2010; 52: 20 mones and prolactin in canine mammary cancer. J Steroid Biochem [117] Owen L: Classification of Tumors in Domestic Animals, 1. Auflg. Mol Biol. 2005; 94: 181–187 Geneva, 1980 [137] Queiroga FL, Perez-Alenza MD, Silvan G et al.: Crosstalk between [118] Parodi AL, Misdorp W, Mialot JP et al.: Intratumoral BCG and GH/IGF-I axis and steroid hormones (progesterone, 17beta-estra- Corynebacterium parvum therapy of canine mammary tumours diol) in canine mammary tumours. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. before radical mastectomy. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1983; 2008; 110: 76–82 15: 172–177 [138] Queiroga FL, Pires I, Lobo L et al.: The role of Cox-2 expression in [119] Patsikas MN, Dessiris A: The lymph drainage of the mammary the prognosis of dogs with malignant mammary tumours. Res Vet glands in the bitch: a lymphographic study. Part II: The 3rd mam- Sci. 2009; 88: 441–445 mary gland. Anat Histol Embryol. 1996; 25: 139–143 [139] Riley JH, Riley MG: Metastatic mammary carcinoma treated with [120] Patsikas MN, Karayannopoulou M, Kaldrymidoy E et al.: The cytotoxic drugs. Vet Rec. 1982; 111: 8–11 lymph drainage of the neoplastic mammary glands in the bitch: a [140] Rivera P, von Euler H: Molecular biological aspects on canine and lymphographic study. Anat Histol Embryol. 2006; 35: 228–234 human mammary tumors. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 132–146 [121] Pena L, Perez-Alenza MD, Rodriguez-Bertos A et al.: Canine [141] Rossi G, Errico G, Perez P et al.: Paraneoplastic hypoglycemia in a inflammatory mammary carcinoma: histopathology, immunohisto- diabetic dog with an insulin growth factor-2–producing mammary chemistry and clinical implications of 21 cases. Breast Cancer Res carcinoma. Vet Clin Pathol. 2010; 39: 480–484 Treat. 2003; 78: 141–148 [142] Roszel JF: Canine metastatic mammary carcinoma cells in smears [122] Pena LL, Nieto AI, Perez-Alenza D et al.: Immunohistochemical from genital epithelium. Vet Pathol. 1974; 11: 20–28 detection of Ki-67 and PCNA in canine mammary tumors: relation- [143] Rutqvist LE, Rose C, Cavallin-Stahl E: A systematic overview of ship to clinical and pathologic variables. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1998; radiation therapy effects in breast cancer. Acta Oncol. 2003; 42: 10: 237–246 532–545 [123] Pereira CT, Rahal SC, de Carvalho Balieiro JC et al.: Lymphatic [144] Rutteman G: Mammatumoren des Hundes. In: Kessler M. (Hrsg.), drainage on healthy and neoplasic mammary glands in female Kleintieronkologie. 1 Auflg. Parey, Berlin, 1999, 261–272 dogs: can it really be altered? Anat Histol Embryol. 2003; 32: 282– [145] Rutteman GR, Willekes-Koolschijn N, Bevers MM et al.: Prolactin 290 binding in benign and malignant mammary tissue of female dogs. [124] Pereira CT, Luiz Navarro Marques F, Williams J et al.: 99mTc- Anticancer Res. 1986; 6: 829–835 labeled dextran for mammary lymphoscintigraphy in dogs. Vet [146] Rutteman GR, Misdorp W, Blankenstein MA et al.: Oestrogen Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; 49: 487–491 (ER) and progestin receptors (PR) in mammary tissue of the female [125] Perez Alenza D, Rutteman GR, Pena L et al.: Relation between dog: different receptor profile in non-malignant and malignant habitual diet and canine mammary tumors in a case-control study. J states. Br J Cancer. 1988; 58: 594–599 Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12: 132–139 [147] Rutteman GR, Bevers MM, Misdorp W et al.: Anterior pituitary [126] Perez Alenza MD, Pena L, Nieto AI et al.: Clinical and pathological function in female dogs with mammary tumors: II. Prolactin. Anti- prognostic factors in canine mammary tumors. Ann Ist Super cancer Res. 1989; 9: 241–245 Sanita. 1997; 33: 581–585 [148] Rutteman GR: Hormones and mammary tumour disease in the [127] Perez Alenza MD, Pena L, del Castillo N et al.: Factors influencing female dog: an update. In Vivo. 1990; 4: 33–40 the incidence and prognosis of canine mammary tumours. J Small [149] Rutteman GR: Contraceptive steroids and the mammary gland: is Anim Pract. 2000; 41: 287–291 there a hazard?-Insights from animal studies. Breast Cancer Res [128] Perez Alenza MD, Tabanera E, Pena L: Inflammatory mammary Treat. 1992; 23: 29–41 carcinoma in dogs: 33 cases (1995–1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [150] Rutteman GR, Misdorp W: Hormonal background of canine and 2001; 219: 1110–1114 feline mammary tumours. J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1993; 47: 483–487

[151] Rutteman GR, Withrow SJ, MacEwen EG: Tumors of the mam- [172] Slaughter DP, Southwick HW, Smejkal W: Field cancerization in mary gland. In: Withrow SJ, MacEwen EG (Hrsg.): Small Animal Clini- oral stratified squamous epithelium; clinical implications of multi- cal Oncology. 3. Auflg. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 2001, 455– centric origin. Cancer. 1953; 6: 963–968 477 [173] Sonnenschein EG, Glickman LT, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Body con- [152] Rutten VP, Misdorp W, Gauthier A et al.: Immunological aspects formation, diet, and risk of breast cancer in pet dogs: a case-control of mammary tumors in dogs and cats: a survey including own stu- study. Am J Epidemiol. 1991; 133: 694–703 dies and pertinent literature. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1990; [174] Sorenmo K: Canine mammary gland tumors. Vet Clin North Am 26: 211–225 Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 573–596 [153] Saba CF, Rogers KS, Newman SJ et al.: Mammary gland tumors in [175] Sorenmo KU, Shofer FS, Goldschmidt MH: Effect of spaying and male dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 1056–1059 timing of spaying on survival of dogs with mammary carcinoma. J [154] Saluja PG, Hamilton JM, Gronow M et al.: Pituitary prolactin levels Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 266–270 in canine mammary cancer. Eur J Cancer. 1974; 10: 63–66 [176] Sorenmo KU, Kristiansen VM, Cofone MA et al.: Canine mam- [155] Sarli G, Preziosi R, Benazzi C et al.: Prognostic value of histologic mary gland tumours; a histological continuum from benign to stage and proliferative activity in canine malignant mammary malignant; clinical and histopathological evidence. Vet Comp – –

tumors. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2002; 14: 25 34 Oncol. 2009; 7: 162 172 Literaturverzeichnis [156] Sartin EA, Barnes S, Toivio-Kinnucan M et al.: Heterogenic pro- [177] Sorenmo KU, Rasotto R, Zappulli V et al.: Development, anatomy, perties of clonal cell lines derived from canine mammary carcino- histology, lymphatic drainage, clinical features, and cell differentia- mas and sensitivity to tamoxifen and doxorubicin. Anticancer Res. tion markers of canine mammary gland neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 1993; 13: 229–236 2010; 48: 85–97 [157] Schafer KA, Kelly G, Schrader R et al.: A canine model of familial [178] Stockhaus C, Kohn B, Rudolph R et al.: Correlation of haemostatic mammary gland neoplasia. Vet Pathol. 1998; 35: 168–177 abnormalities with tumour stage and characteristics in dogs with [158] Schena CJ, Stickle RL, Dunstan RW et al.: Extraskeletal osteosar- mammary carcinoma. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 326–331 coma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 1452–1456 [179] Stockhaus C, Teske E: Klinische Erfahrungen mit der zytologischen [159] Schmitt I, Allgoewer I, Walter J et al.: Laser-induzierte Thermo- Diagnostik beim Hund. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2001; 143: 233– therapie (LITT) an Mammatumoren von Hunden – In vitro- und 240 In-vivo-Untersuchungen. Kleintierprax. 1996; 41: 871–880 [180] Stovring M, Moe L, Glattre E: A population-based case-control [160] Schneider R, Dorn CR, Taylor DO: Factors influencing canine study of canine mammary tumours and clinical use of medroxypro- mammary cancer development and postsurgical survival. J Natl gesterone acetate. APMIS. 1997; 105: 590–596 Cancer Inst. 1969; 43(6): 1249–1261 [181] Stratmann N, Failing K, Richter A et al.: Mammary tumor recur- [161] Schneider R: Comparison of age, sex, and incidence rates in human rence in bitches after regional mastectomy. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 82– and canine breast cancer. Cancer. 1970; 26: 419–426 86 [162] Sedlacek HH, Hagmayer G, Seiler FR: Tumor therapy of neoplastic [182] Susaneck SJ, Allen TA, Hoopes J et al: Inflammatory mammary diseases with tumor cells and neuraminidase. Further experimental carcinoma in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 971–976 studies on chessboard vaccination in canine mammary tumors. [183] Tavares WL, Lavalle GE, Figueiredo MS et al.: Evaluation of ad- Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1986; 23: 192–199 verse effects in tamoxifen exposed healthy female dogs. Acta Vet [163] Selman PJ, Mol JA, Rutteman GR et al.: Progestin-induced growth Scand. 2010; 52: 67 hormone excess in the dog originates in the mammary gland. Endo- [184] Taylor GN, Shabestari L, Williams J et al.: Mammary neoplasia in a crinology. 1994; 134: 287–292 closed beagle colony. Cancer Res. 1976; 36: 2740–2743 [164] Shofer FS, Sonnenschein EG, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Histopatho- [185] Teske E, Rutteman GR, van den Ingh TS et al.: Liposome-encapsu- logic and dietary prognostic factors for canine mammary carci- lated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (L-MTP-PE): a noma. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1989; 13: 49–60 randomized clinical trial in dogs with mammary carcinoma. Anti- [165] Silver IA: The anatomy of the mammary gland of the dog and cat. J cancer Res. 1998; 18: 1015–1019 Small Anim Pract. 1966; 7: 689–696 [186] Thamm DH, Kurzman ID, Clark MA et al.: Preclinical investigation [166] Simeonov R, Simeonova G: Computerized morphometry of mean of PEGylated tumor necrosis factor alpha in dogs with spontaneous nuclear diameter and nuclear roundness in canine mammary gland tumors: phase I evaluation. Clin Cancer Res. 2010; 16: 1498–1508 tumors on cytologic smears. Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; 35: 88–90 [187] Thamm DH, Rose B, Kow K et al.: Masitinib as a chemosensitizer [167] Simeonov R, Simeonova G: Fractal dimension of canine mammary of canine tumor cell lines: A proof of concept study. Vet J. 2012; 19: gland epithelial tumors on cytologic smears. Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; 131–134 35: 446–448 [188] Tymchuk CN, Tessler SB, Barnard RJ: Changes in sex hormone-bin- [168] Simeonov R, Simeonova G: Computerized cytomorphometric ana- ding globulin, insulin, and serum lipids in postmenopausal women lysis of nuclear area, nuclear perimeter and mean nuclear diameter on a low-fat, high-fiber diet combined with exercise. Nutr Cancer. in spontaneous canine mammary gland tumours. Vet Res Commun. 2000; 38: 158–162 2007; 31: 553–558 [189] Überreiter O: [The effect of pregnancy and pseudopregnancy on [169] Simon D, Knebel JW, Baumgartner W et al.: In vitro efficacy of the development of mammary tumors in bitches]. Berl Munch Tier- chemotherapeutics as determined by 50% inhibitory concentrations arztl Wochenschr. 1966; 79(23): 451–456 in cell cultures of mammary gland tumors obtained from dogs. Am [190] VanGarderen E, de Wit M, Voorhout WF et al.: Expression of J Vet Res. 2001; 62: 1825–1830 growth hormone in canine mammary tissue and mammary tumors. [170] Simon D, Schoenrock D, Baumgartner W et al.: Postoperative Evidence for a potential autocrine/paracrine stimulatory loop. Am J adjuvant treatment of invasive malignant mammary gland tumors Pathol. 1997; 150: 1037–1047 in dogs with doxorubicin and docetaxel. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: [191] Visonneau S, Cesano A, Jeglum KA et al.: Adoptive therapy of 1184–1190 canine metastatic mammary carcinoma with the human MHC non- [171] Simon D, Schoenrock D, Nolte I et al.: Cytologic examination of restricted cytotoxic T-cell line TALL-104. Oncol Rep. 1999; 6: 1181– fine-needle aspirates from mammary gland tumors in the dog: diag- 1188 nostic accuracy with comparison to histopathology and association [192] Walsh T, King MC: Ten genes for inherited breast cancer. Cancer with postoperative outcome. Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 521–528 Cell. 2007; 11: 103–105

[193] Wey N, Kohn B, Gutberlet K et al.: Mammatumore bei der Hündin: [14] Hahn KA, Bravo L, Avenell JS: Feline breast carcinoma as a patho- Klinische Verlaufsstudie (1995–1997). Kleintierprax. 1999; 44: 565– logic and therapeutic model for human breast cancer. In Vivo. 578 1994; 8: 825–828 [194] Wu AH, Pike MC, Stram DO: Meta-analysis: dietary fat intake, [15] Hamilton JM, Else RW, Forshaw P: Oestrogen receptors in feline serum estrogen levels, and the risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer mammary carcinomas. Vet Rec. 1976; 99: 477–479 Inst. 1999; 91: 529–534 [16] Hayes HM, Milne KL, Mandell CP: Epidemiologic features of feline [195] Yamagami T, Kobayashi T, Takahashi K et al.: Prognosis for canine mammary carcinoma. Vet Rec. 1981; 108: 476–479 malignant mammary tumors based on TNM and histologic classifi- [17] Ito T, Kadosawa T, Mochizuki M et al.: Prognosis of malignant cation. J Vet Med Sci. 1996; 58: 1079–1083 mammary tumor in 53 cats. J Vet Med Sci. 1996, 58: 723–726 [196] Yamagami T, Kobayashi T, Takahashi K et al.: Influence of ovariec- [18] Jeglum KA, DeGuzman E, Young K: Chemotherapy of advanced tomy at the time of mastectomy on the prognosis for canine malig- mammary adenocarcinoma in 14 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; nant mammary tumours. J Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 462–464 187: 157–160 [197] Yamashita A, Maruo K, Suzuki K et al.: Experimental chemothe- [19] Jurka P, Max A: Treatment of fibroadenomatosis in 14 cats with rapy against canine mammary cancer xenograft in SCID mice and aglepristone – changes in blood parameters and follow-up. Vet Rec. its prediction of clinical effect. J Vet Med Sci. 2001; 63: 831–836 2009; 165: 657–660 [198] Yazawa M, Setoguchi A, Hong SH et al.: Effect of an adenoviral [20] Keskin A, Yilmazbas G, Yilmaz R et al.: Pathological abnormalities vector that expresses the canine p53 gene on cell growth of canine after long-term administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate in osteosarcoma and mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines. Am J Vet a queen. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 518–521 Res. 2003; 64: 880–888 [21] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Mammary tumors in male cats – 86 cases. Proc. 5th. Ann Congr Europ Soc Vet Oncology (ESVONC), 18.2 Mammatumoren der Katze Veldhoven, 1996 – [1] Borrego JF, Cartagena JC, Engel J: Treatment of feline mammary [22] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Mammatumoren bei Katzen eine – tumours using chemotherapy, surgery and a COX-2 inhibitor drug Auswertung von 2.386 Fällen. Kleintierprax. 1997; 42: 459 465 (meloxicam): a retrospective study of 23 cases (2002–2007). Vet [23] Kühnel S, Kessler M: Mammakarzinome der Katze – klinische Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 213–221 Befunde und Therapieverlauf bei 34 Patienten. Kleintierprax. 2012 [2] Castagnaro M, Casalone C, Bozzetta E et al.: Tumor grading and (in Druck) the one-year post-surgical prognosis in feline mammary carcino- [24] MacEwen EG, Hayes AA, Harvey HJ et al.: Prognostic factors for mas. J Comp Pathol. 1998; 119: 263–275 feline mammary tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 185: 201–204 [3] Castagnaro M, Casalone C, Ru G et al.: Argyrophilic nucleolar [25] Mauldin GN, Matus RE, Patnaik AK et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of organiser regions (AgNORs) count as indicator of post-surgical doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide used in the treatment of selec- prognosis in feline mammary carcinomas. Res Vet Sci. 1998; 64: ted malignant tumors in 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 23: 60–65 97–100 [26] Mauldin GE, Mooney SC, Amiya MA et al.: Adjuvant doxorubicin [4] Castagnaro M, De Maria R, Bozzetta E et al.: Ki-67 index as indica- for feline mammary adeocarcinoma. Proc Ann Conf Vet Cancer tor of the post-surgical prognosis in feline mammary carcinomas. Soc., 1994 Res Vet Sci. 1998; 65: 223–226 [27] Mayr B, Jugl M, Brem G et al.: Cytogenetic variation in six cases of [5] De las Mulas JM, van Niel M, Millan Y et al.: Immunohistochemi- feline mammary tumours. Zbl Vet Med A. 1999; 46: 367–377 cal analysis of estrogen receptors in feline mammary gland benign [28] Mayr B, Ortner W, Reifinger M et al.: Loss of chromosome B2- and malignant lesions: comparison with biochemical assay. Domest material in three cases of feline mammary tumours. Res Vet Sci. Anim Endocrinol. 2000; 18: 111–125 1995; 59: 61–63 [6] De las Mulas JM, van Niel M, Millan Y et al.: Progesterone recep- [29] Mayr B, Schaffner G, Kurzbauer R et al.: Sequence of an exon of tors in normal, dysplastic and tumourous feline mammary glands. tumour suppressor p53 gene – a comparative study in domestic Comparison with oestrogen receptors status. Res Vet Sci. 2002; 72: animals: mutation in a feline solid mammary carcinoma. Br Vet J. 153–161 1995; 151: 325–329 [7] De Maria R, Olivero M, Iussich S et al.: Spontaneous feline mam- [30] McNeill CJ, Sorenmo KU, Shofer FS et al.: Evaluation of adjuvant mary carcinoma is a model of HER2 overexpressing poor prognosis doxorubicin-based chemotherapy for the treatment of feline mam- human breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2005; 65: 907–912 mary carcinoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 123–129 [8] De Vico G, Maiolino P: Prognostic value of nuclear morphometry [31] Millanta F, Calandrella M, Bari G et al.: Comparison of steroid in feline mammary carcinomas. J Comp Pathol. 1997; 117: 99–105 receptor expression in normal, dysplastic, and neoplastic canine [9] Dhaliwal RS, Kitchell BE, Hintermeister J: Efficacy of carboplatin and feline mammary tissues. Res Vet Sci. 2005; 79: 225–232 in feline mammary carcinoma. Proc. WSAVA Conf., 2002 [32] Millanta F, Calandrella M, Citi S et al.: Overexpression of HER-2 in [10] Epping J: Immunhistochemischer Nachweis von Tumormetastasen feline invasive mammary carcinomas: an immunohistochemical sur- feliner Mammakarzinome in den regionären Lymphknoten. Diss vey and evaluation of its prognostic potential. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: med vet, Berlin 1999 30–34 [11] Fox LE, MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID et al.: Liposome-encapsulated [33] Minke JM, Cornelisse CJ, Stolwijk JA et al.: Flow cytometric DNA muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine for the treatment of ploidy analysis of feline mammary tumors. Cancer Res. 1990; 50: feline mammary adenocarcinoma – a multicenter randomized 4003–4007 double-blind study. Cancer Biother. 1995; 10: 125–130 [34] Misdorp W, Romijn A, Hart AAM: Feline mammary tumors: a [12] Giménez F, Hecht S, Craig LE et al.: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ case-control study of hormonal factors. Anticancer Res. 1991; 11: pubmed?term=%22Legendre%20AM%22%5BAuthor%5DEarly detec- 1793–1797 tion, aggressive therapy: optimizing the management of feline [35] Misdorp W, Romijn A, Hart AAM: Over de betekenis van ovariec- mammary masses. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 214–224 tomie en progestativa voor het ontstaan van het mammacarcinoom [13] Hahn KA: Adjuvant chemotherapy in feline mammary carcinoma. bij de kat. [The significance of ovariectomy and progestagens in the Proc ACVIM Forum, 1995 development of mammary carcinoma in cats] Tijdschr Dierge- neeskd 1992; 117: 2–4

[36] Mol JA, van Garderen E, Rutteman GR et al.: New insights in the [55] Viste JR, Myers SL, Singh B et al.: Feline mammary adenocarci- molecular mechanism of progestin-induced proliferation of mam- noma: tumor size as a prognostic indicator. Can Vet J. 2002; 43: mary epithelium: induction of the local biosynthesis of growth hor- 33–37 mone (GH) in the mammary glands of dogs, cats and humans. J Ste- [56] Vollmerhaus B, Roos H, Meier A: Über die regionären Lymphkno- roid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996; 57: 67–71 ten des Gesäuges der Hauskatze – eine summative Studie. Kleintier- [37] Murakami Y, Tateyama S, Rungsipipat A et al.: Amplification of prax. 1997; 42: 221–229 the cyclin A gene in canine and feline mammary tumors. J Vet Med [57] Waters DJ, Honeckman A, Cooley DM et al.: Skeletal metastasis in Sci. 2000; 62: 783–787 feline mammary carcinoma: case report and literature review. J Am [38] Novosad CA, Bergman PJ, OʼBrien MG et al.: Retrospective evalua- Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 103–108 tion of adjunctive doxorubicin for the treatment of feline mammary [58] Wehrend A, Bostedt H: Die feline Fibroadenomatose. Prakt Tier- gland adenocarcinoma: 67 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: arzt 2000; 82: 694–696 110–120 [59] Wehrend A, Hospes R, Gruber AD: Treatment of feline mammary [39] Overley B, Shofer FS, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Association between fibroadenomatous hyperplasia with a progesterone-antagonist Vet ovariohysterectomy and feline mammary carcinoma. J Vet Intern Rec. 2001; 148: 346–347 Med. 2005; 19: 560–563 [60] Weijer K, Hart AA: Prognostic factors in feline mammary carci- Literaturverzeichnis [40] Ozawa S, Minami T, Utsunomiya H et al.: Study on histopatholo- noma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983; 70: 709–716 gical prognostication of mammary gland tumor in cat (97 cases). [61] Winston J, Craft DM, Scase TJ et al.: Immunohistochemical detec- Proc. 14th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc, 2002 tion of HER-2/neu expression in spontaneous feline mammary [41] Papadopoulou PL, Patsikas MN, Charitanti A et al.: The lymph tumours. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 8–15 drainage pattern of the mammary glands in the cat: a lymphogra- [62] Zappulli V, De Zan G, Cardazzo B et al.: Feline mammary tumours phic and computerized tomography lymphographic study. Anat in comparative oncology. J Dairy Res. 2005; 72: 98–106 Histol Embryol. 2009; 38: 292–299 [42] Pérez-Alenza MD, Jiménez Á, Nieto AI: First description of feline inflammatory mammary carcinoma: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of three cases. Breast Cancer Res. 19 Tumoren des Gastrointestinaltrakts 2004; 6: R300–R307 19.1 Tumoren der Maulhöhle [43] Preziosi R, Sarli G, Benazzi C et al.: Detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in canine and feline mammary tumours. J [1] Abbott DP, Walsh K, Diters RW: Calcifying epithelial odontogenic Comp Pathol. 1995; 113: 301–313 tumors in three cats and a dog. J Comp Pathol. 1986; 96: 131–136 [44] Preziosi R, Sarli G, Benazzi C et al.: Multiparametric survival analy- [2] Barnes L, Eveson JW, Reichart P et al. (Hrsg.): World Health Orga- sis of histological stage and proliferative activity in feline mammary nization Classification of Tumours, Pathology & Genetics, Head and carcinomas. Res Vet Sci. 2002; 73: 53–60 Neck Tumours. Lyon: IARC Press 2005 [45] Raharison F, Sautet J: Lymph drainage of the mammary glands in [3] Bateman KE, Catton PA, Pennock PW et al.: 0-7-21 Radiation the- female cats. J Morphol. 2006; 267: 292–299 rapy for the treatment of canine oral melanoma. J Vet Intern Med. – [46] Raharison F, Sautet J: The topography of the lymph vessels of 1994; 8: 267 272 mammary glands in female cats. Anat Histol Embryol. 2007; 36: [4] Beam SL, Rassnick KM, Moore AS et al.: An immunohistochemical 442–452 study of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in various feline neoplasms. – [47] Rasotto R, Caliari D, Castagnaro M et al.: An immunohistochemi- Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 496 500 cal study of HER-2 expression in feline mammary tumours. J Comp [5] Beatty JA, Charles JA, Malik R et al.: Feline inductive odontogenic Pathol. 2011; 144: 170–179 tumour in a Burmese cat. Aust Vet J. 2000; 78: 452–455 [48] Rutteman GR, Blankenstein MA, Minke J et al.: Steroid receptors [6] Beck ER, Withrow SJ, McChesney AE et al.: Canine tongue in mammary tumours of the cat. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1991; tumors: a retrospective review of 57 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 125 (Suppl 1): 32–37 1986; 22: 525–532 [49] Sarli G, Preziosi R, Benazzi C et al.: Rate of apoptosis in feline [7] Berg J: Principles of oncologic orofacial surgery. Clin Tech Small mammary tumors is not predictive of postsurgical survival. J Vet Anim Pract. 1998;13: 38–41 Diagn Invest. 2003; 15: 115–122 [8] Bergman PJ, McKnight J, Novosad A et al.: Long-term survival of [50] Sayasith K, Sirois J, Doré M: Molecular characterization of feline dogs with advanced malignant melanoma after DNA vaccination COX-2 and expression in feline mammary carcinomas. Vet Pathol. with xenogeneic human tyrosinase: a phase I trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 46: 423–429 2003; 9: 1284–2190 [51] Seixas F, Palmeira C, Pires MA et al.: Grade is an independent [9] Bergman PJ, Camps-Palau MA, McKnight JA et al.: Development prognostic factor for feline mammary carcinomas: a clinicopatholo- of a xenogeneic DNA vaccine program for canine malignant mela- gical and survival analysis. Vet J. 2011; 187: 65–71.http://www. noma at the Animal Medical Center. Vaccine. 2006; 24: 4582–4585 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Bento%20MJ%22%5BAuthor% [10] Bjorling DE, Chambers JN, Mahaffey DA: Surgical treatment of 5D epulides in dogs: 25 cases (1974–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [52] Skorupski KA, Overley B, Shofer FS et al.: Clinical characteristics 1987; 190: 131–138 of mammary carcinoma in male cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: [11] Blackwood L, Dobson JM: Radiotherapy of oral malignant mela- 52–55 noms in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: 98–102 [53] Tamada H, Kawate N, Inaba T et al.: Long-term prevention of [12] Boehm B, Breuer W, Hermans W: Odontogene Tumoren bei Hund estrus in the bitch and queen using chlormadinone acetate. Can Vet und Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2011; 39 (K): 305–312 – J. 2003; 44: 416 417 [13] Boria PA, Murry DJ, Bennett PF, et al.: Evaluation of cisplatin com- [54] Van der Heyden S, Chiers K, Vercauteren G et al.: Expression of bined with piroxicam for the treatment of oral malignant melanoma multidrug resistance-associated P-glycoprotein in feline tumours. J and oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Comp Pathol. 2011; 144: 164–169 2004; 224: 388–394. [14] Bostock DE: Prognosis after surgical excision of canine melanomas. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 32–40

[15] Bostock DE: Prognosis after surgical excision of fibrosarcomas in [37] Dorn CR, Taylor DON, Schneider R et al.: Survey of animal neo- cats. J. Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 175: 727–728 plasms in Alameda and Contra Costa counties, California. II. Cancer [16] Bostock, DE, White RAS: Classification and behaviour after surgery morbidity in dogs and cats from Alameda county. J Natl Cancer Inst. of canine “epulides”. J Comp Pathol. 1987; 97: 197–206 1968; 40: 307–318 [17] Bradley RL, MacEwen EG, Loar AS: Mandibular resection for remo- [38] Dubielzig RR, Adams WM, Brodey RS: Inductive Fibroameloblas- val of oral tumors in 30 dogs and 6 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; toma, an unusual dental tumor of young cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 184: 460–463 1979; 174: 720–722 [18] Bregazzi VS, LaRue SM, Powers BE et al.: Response of feline oral [39] Dubielzig RR, Thrall DE: Ameloblastoma and keratinizing amelo- squamous cell carcinoma to palliative radiation therapy. Vet Radiol blastoma in dogs. Vet Pathol. 1982; 19: 596–607 Ultrasound. 2001; 42: 77-79 [40] Dubielzig RR, Goldschmidt MH, Brodey RS: The nomenclature of [19] Brewer WG, Turrel JM: Radiotherapy and hyperthermia in the periodontal epulides in dogs. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 209–214 treatment of fibrosarcomas in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; [41] Dubielzig RR: Proliferative dental and gingival diseases of dogs and 181: 146–150 cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: 577–584 [20] Brooks MB, Matus RE, Leifer CE et al.: Chemotherapy versus che- [42] Dvorak LD, Beaver DP, Ellison GW et al.: Major glossectomy in motherapy plus radiotherapy in the treatment of tonsillar squamous dogs: a case series and proposed classification system. J Am Anim cell carcinoma in the dog. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 206–211 Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 331–337 [21] Bryant KJ, Moore K, McAnulty JF: Angularis oris axial pattern buc- [43] Eickhoff M, Seeliger F, Simon D et al.: Erupted bilateral compound cal flap for reconstruction of recurrent fistulae of the palate. Vet odontomas in a dog. J Vet Dent. 2002; 19: 137–143 Surg. 2003; 32: 113–119 [44] Elmslie RE, Dow SW, Potter TA: Genetic immunotherapy of canine [22] Buracco P, Bonioli A, Romanelli G et al.: Surgery/chemotherapy in oral melanoma. Proc 14th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc. 1994; 111– 43 canine and feline oral tumors. Proc 14th Ann Conf Vet Canc Soc. 112 1994; 51–52 [45] Esplin DG: Survival of dogs following surgical excision of histologi- [23] Burk RL: Radiation therapy in the treatment of oral neoplasia. Vet cally well-differentiated melanocytic neoplasms of the mucous Clin North Am Sm Anim Pract. 1996; 26: 155–163 membranes of the lips and oral cavity. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: 889– [24] Cangul IT, van Garderen E, van der Linde-Sipman JS et al.: Canine 896 balloon and signet-ring cell melanomas: a histological and immuno- [46] Evans SM, Shofer F: Canine oral nontonsillar squamous cell carci- histochemical characterization. J Comp Pathol. 2001; 125: 166-173 noma: prognostic factors for recurrence and survival following [25] Carpenter LG, Withrow SJ, Powers BE et al.: Squamous cell carci- orthovoltage radiation therapy. Vet Radiol. 1988; 29: 133–137 noma of the tongue in 10 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1993; 29: [47] Felizzola CR, Stopiglia AJ, de Araújo VC, et al.: Evaluation of a 17–24 modified hemimandibulectomy for treatment of oral neoplasms in [26] Cheung LK: An animal model for maxillary reconstruction using a dogs. J Vet Dent. 2002;19: 127–135 temporalis muscle flap. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996; 54: 1439– [48] Fidel JL, Sellon RK, Houston RK et al.: A nine-day accelerated 1445. radiation protocol for feline squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Radiol [27] Ciekot PA, Powers BE, Withrow SJ et al.: Histologically low grade Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 482–485. yet biologically high grade fibrosarcomas of the mandible and [49] Fox LE, Geoghegan SL, Davis HL: Owner satisfaction with partial maxilla of 25 dogs (1982 to 1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 204: mandibulectomy or maxillectomy for treatment of oral tumors in 610–615 27 dogs [28] Colgin LM, Schulman FY, Dubielzig RR: Multiple epulides in 13 [50] Freeman KP, Hahn KA, Harris FD et al.: Treatment of dogs with cats. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 227–229 oral melanoma by hypofractionated radiation therapy and plati- [29] Cotter SM: Oral pharyngeal neoplasms in the cat. J Am Anim Hosp num-based chemotherapy (1987–1997). J Vet Intern Med. 2003; Assoc. 1981; 17: 917–920 17: 96–101 [30] De Bruijn ND, Kirpensteijn J, Neyens IJS et al.: A clinicopathologi- [51] Frew DG, Dobson JM: Radiological assessment of 50 cases of inci- cal study of 52 feline epulides. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 161–169 sive or maxillary neoplasia in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1992; 33: 11–18 [31] Delverdier M, Guire F, van Harverbeke G: Les tumeurs de la cavité buccale du chien: étude anatomoclinique a partir de 117 cas. Rev [52] Gardner DG: Ameloblastomas in cats: a critical evaluation of the Med Vet. 1991; 142: 811–816 literature and the addition of one example. J Oral Pathol Med. 1998; 27: 39–42 [32] Dennis MM, Ehrhart N, Duncan CG et al.: Frequency of and risk factors associated with lingual lesions in dogs: 1,196 cases (1995– [53] Gardner DG: Canine acanthomatous epulis – The only common 2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 1533–1537 spontaneous ameloblastoma in animals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1995; 79: 612–615 [33] Dewitz M von: Zum Metastasierungsmuster einiger häufig auftre- tender maligner Geschwülste des Hundes. Diss med vet., München, [54] Gardner DG: Epulides in the dog: a review. J Oral Pathol Med. 1996; 1987 25: 32–37 [34] De Vos JP, Burm AGD, Focker AP et al.: Piroxicam and carboplatin [55] Gardner DG, Baker DC: The relationship of canine acanthomatous as a combination treatment of canine oral non-tonsillar squamous epulis to ameloblastoma. J Comp Path. 1993; 108: 47–55 cell carcinoma: a pilot study and a literature review of a canine [56] Gardner DG, Dubielzig RR, McGee EV: The so-called calcifying epi- model of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Vet thelial odontogenic tumor in dogs and cats (amyloid-producing Comp Onc. 2005; 3: 16–24 odontogenic tumor). J Comp Pathol. 1994; 111: 221–230 [35] DiBernardi L, Doré M, Davis JA et al.: Study of feline oral squa- [57] Gardner DG, Dubielzig RR: The histological features of canine kera- mous cell carcinoma: potential target for cyclooxygenase inhibitor tinizing Ameloblastoma. J Comp Path. 1993; 109: 423–428 treatment. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007; 76: [58] Garner MT: Der Einsatz von Megavoltage-Bestrahlungstherapie und 245–250 Elektronen bei der Behandlung von Weichteilsarkomen des Hundes [36] Dorn CR, Priester WA: Epidemiologic analyses of oral and pharyn- Eine retrospektive Studie von 73 Hunden. Diss med vet FU Berlin geal cancers in dogs, cats, horses and cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004 1976; 169: 1202–1206

[59] Gendler A, Lewis JR, Reetz JA et al.: Computed tomographic featu- [80] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Plattenepithelkarzinome bei Hunden res of oral squamous cell carcinoma in cats: 18 cases (2002–2008). und Katzen – Prävalenz, Rasseprädispositionen und Primärlokalisa- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010; 236: 319–325 tionen. Proc. 22. Kongress der DVG, Bad Nauheim 1997 [60] Giudice C, Ceciliani F, Rondena M et al.: Immunohistochemical [81] Kessler M, Kühnel S: Chirurgische Therapie oraler Plattenepithel- investigation of PNL2 reactivity of canine melanocytic neoplasms karzinome beim Hund – eine retrospektive Untersuchung bei 40 and comparison with Melan A. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2010; 22: 389– Patienten. Proc. 57. Jahreskongress DGK-DVG, Berlin 2011 394 [82] Kinzel S, Hein S, Stopinski T, et al.: Die hypofraktionierte Strahlen- [61] Guptill L, Knapp DW, Hank K et al.: Retrospective study of cispla- therapie zur Behandlung des malignen Melanoms und des Platten- tin treatment for canine malignant melanoma. Proc 13th Ann Conf epithelkarzinoms von Hund und Katze. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr. Vet Cancer Soc. 1993; 65–66 2003; 116: 134–138. [62] Hahn KA, DeNicola DB, Richardson RC et al.: Canine oral malig- [83] Kitchell BE, Brown DM, Luck EE et al.: Intralesional implant for nant melanoma: prognostic utility of an alternative staging system. treatment of primary malignant melanoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med J Small Anim Pract. 1994; 35: 251–256 Assoc. 1994; 204: 229–236 [63] Harvey HJ, MacEwen EG, Braun D et al.: Prognostic criteria for [84] Klima LJ, Goldstein GS: Surgical management of compound odon- – –

dogs with oral melanoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178: 580 toma in a dog. J Vet Dent. 2007; 24: 100 106 Literaturverzeichnis 582 [85] Kosovsky JK, Matthiesen DT, Marretta SM et al.: Results of partial [64] Hayes A, Scase T, Miller J et al.: COX-1 and COX-2 expression in mandibulectomy for the treatment of oral tumors in 142 dogs. Vet feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Comp Pathol. 2006; 135: 93– Surg. 1991; 20: 397–401 99 [86] Kühnel S, Kessler M: Tonsilläre Plattenepithelkarzinome beim [65] Hayes AM, Adams VJ, Scase TJ et al.: Survival of 54 cats with oral Hund: eine retrospektive Untersuchung bei 33 Patienten. Tierärztl squamous cell carcinoma in United Kingdom general practice. J Prax. 2010; 38: 367–373 Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 394–399 [87] Lascelles BD, Thomson MJ, Dernell WS, et al.: Combined dorsola- [66] Head KW: Tumors of the upper alimentary tract. Bull WHO. 1976; teral and intraoral approach for the resection of tumors of the 53: 145–166 maxilla in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 294–305 [67] Head KW, Else RW, Dubielzig DD: Tumours of the alimentary [88] Lascelles BD, Henderson RA, Seguin B et al.: Bilateral rostral tract. In: Meuten DJ (Hrsg.): Tumours in Domestic Animals. 4. Auflg. maxillectomy and nasal planectomy for large rostral maxillofacial Iowa State Press, Ames 2002, 401–482 neoplasms in six dogs and one cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; [68] Head KW: Tumors of odontogenic origin. In: Histological classifica- 40: 137–146 tion of tumors of the alimentary system of domestic animals. In: [89] Lester S, Pratschke K: Central hemimaxillectomy and reconstruc- Head KW, Cullen JM, Dubielzig RR et al. (Hrsg.): WHO second series, tion using a superficial temporal artery axial pattern flap in a vol. X, 48–53, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC. domestic short hair cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2003; 5: 241–244 2003 [90] Lucke VM, Pearson GR, Gregory SP et al.: Tonsillar polyps in the [69] Herring ES, Smith MM, Robertson JL: Lymph node staging of oral dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1988; 29: 373–379 and maxillofacial neoplasms in 31 dogs and cats. J Vet Dent. 2002; [91] MacCaw DL, Pope ER, Payne JT et al.: Treatment of canine oral 19: 122–126 squamous cell carcinomas with photodynamic therapy. Br J Cancer. [70] Höinghaus R, Mischke R, Hewicker-Trautwein M: Use of immu- 2000; 82: 1297–1299 nocytochemical techniques in canine melanoma. J Vet Med A Phy- [92] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Harvey HJ et al.: Canine oral mela- siol Pathol Clin Med. 2002; 49: 198–202 noma: comparison of surgery versus surgery plus Corynebacterium [71] Hörsting N, von Reiswitz A, Wohlsein P et al.: Oropharyngeale parvum. Cancer Invest. 1986; 4: 397–402 Tumoren des Hundes – Eine klinische Studie über 79 Fälle. Berl [93] MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID, Vail DM et al.: Adjuvant therapy for Münch Tierärztl Wschr. 1998; 111: 242–247 melanoma in dogs: results of randomized clinical trials using sur- [72] Hutson CA, Willauer CC, Walder EJ et al.: Treatment of mandibu- gery, liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide, and granulocyte lar squamous cell carcinoma in cats by use of mandibulectomy and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Clin Cancer Res. 1999; 5: radiotherapy: seven cases (1987–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 4249–4258 201: 777–781 [94] MacMillan R, Withrow SJ, Gilette EL: Surgery and regional irradia- [73] Jeglum KA, Sadanaga K: Oral tumors: the surgeon and the medical tion for treatment of canine tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma: ret- oncologist. Vet Clin North Am Sm Anim Pract. 1996; 26: 145–153 rospective review of eight cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: [74] Jones PD, de Lorimier LP, Kitchell BE et al.: Gemcitabine as a 311–314 radiosensitizer for nonresectable feline oral squamous cell carci- [95] Matthiesen DT, Marretta SM: Results and complications associa- noma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 463–467. ted with partial mandibulectomy and maxillectomy techniques. [75] Kafka UC, Carstens A, Steenkamp G et al.: Diagnostic value of Probl Vet Med. 1990; 2: 248–275 magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography for oral [96] Mauldin GN, Mauldin GE, Meleo KA: Treatment of feline oral squa- masses in dogs. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2004; 75: 163–168 mous cell carcinoma with radiation therapy alone or radiation the- [76] Kapatkin AS, Marretta SM, Patnaik AK et al.: Mandibular swelling rapy and hyperthermia. Newslet Vet Cancer Soc. 1992; 16: 4–5 in cats: a prospective study of 24 cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [97] Mauldin GN, Meleo KA, Burk RL: Radiation therapy for the treat- 1991; 27: 575–580 ment of incompletely resected soft tissue sarcomas in dogs: 21 [77] Kessler M: Kieferresektion zur Therapie knocheninvasiver oraler cases. Proc. 13th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc. 1993; 11158 Tumoren des Hundes – eine retrospektive Untersuchung bei 31 [98] McEntee MC, Page RL, Théon A et al.: Malignant tumor formation Patienten. Kleintierprax. 2003; 48: 289–300 in dogs previously irradiated for acanthomatous epulis. Vet Radiol [78] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Tumoren der Maulhöhle beim Hund: Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 357–361 Epidemiologische Untersuchungen bei 491 Fällen. (unveröffent- [99] Millanta F, Fratini F, Corazza M et al.: Proliferation activity in oral licht), 1997 and cutaneous canine melanocytic tumours: correlation with histo- [79] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Beitrag zur pädiatrischen Onkologie logical parameters, location, and clinical behaviour. Res Vet Sci. beim Kleintier. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr. 1997; 110: 311–314 2002; 73: 45–51

[100] Miller TL, Price GS, Page RL et al.: Radiotherapy of canine non-ton- [124] Ramos-Vara JA, Beissenherz ME, Miller MA et al.: Retrospective sillar squamous cell carcinoma. Proc. 14th Ann Conf Vet Canc Soc. study of 338 canine oral melanomas with clinical, histologic, and 1994; 20–21 immunohistochemical review of 129 cases. Vet Pathol. 2000; 37: [101] Miller AD, Alcaraz A, McDonough SP: Tonsillar lymphangiomatous 597–608 polyp in an adult dog. J Comp Pathol. 2008; 138: 215–217 [125] Rassnick KM, Ruslander DM, Cotter SM et al.: Use of carboplatin [102] Moore AS, Theilen GH, Newell AD et al.: Preclinical study of for treatment of dogs with malignant melanoma: 27 cases (1989– sequential tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-2 in the treatment 2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1444–1448 of spontaneous canine neoplasms. Cancer Res. 1991; 51: 233–238 [126] Reichart PA, Philipsen HP, Dürr U-M: Epulides in dogs. J Oral Path [103] Moore AS, Wood CA, Engler SJ et al.: Radiation therapy for long- Med. 1989; 18: 92–96 term control of odontogenic tumours and epulis in three cats. J [127] Reif JS, Cohen D: The environmental distribution of canine respira- Feline Med Surg 2000; 2: 57–60 tory tract neoplasms. Arch Environ Health. 1971; 22: 136–140 [104] Mouatt JG, Straw RC: Use of mandibular symphysiotomy to allow [128] Roels S, Tilmant K, Ducatelle R: PCNA and Ki67 proliferation mar- extensive caudal hemimaxillectomy in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2002; 80: kers as criteria for prediction of clinical behaviour of melanocytic 272–276 tumours in cats and dogs. J Comp Pathol. 1999; 121: 13–24 [105] Muir P, Rosin E: Parotid duct obstruction after caudal maxillectomy [129] Roes F, Lierz U, Rudolph R: Teilmandibulektomie bei einem Akan- in a dog. Vet Rec. 1995; 136: 46 thom einer Katze. Kleintierprax. 2005; 50: 349–408 [106] Murphy S, Hayes A, Adams V et al.: Role of carboplatin in multi- [130] Rieder JC: Vergleichende klinische und immunhistochemische Cha- modality treatment of canine tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma – a rakterisierung keratozystischer odontogener Tumoren und Amelo- case series of five dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 2006: 47; 216–220 blastome im Hinblick auf das Rezidivverhalten. Diss med dent., [107] Northrup NC, Selting KA, Rassnick KM et al.: Outcomes of cats 2008 with oral tumors treated with mandibulectomy: 42 cases. J Am [131] Salisbury SK, Lantz GC: Long-term results of partial mandibule- Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 350–360 ctomy for treatment of oral tumors in 30 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp [108] Oakes MG, Lewis DD, Hedlund CS et al.: Canine oral neoplasia. Assoc. 1988; 24: 285–294 Comp Cont Educ Pract Vet. 1993; 15: 15–30 [132] Salisbury SK, Richardson DC, Lantz GC: Partial maxillectomy and [109] Owen LN: TNM classification of tumors in domestic animals. Bull premaxillectomy in the treatment of oral neoplasia in the dog and WHO. Genf 1980 cat. Vet Surg. 1986; 15: 16–26 [110] Oyamada T, Tanaka H, Park CH et al.: Pathology of canine oral [133] Schantz SP, Harrison LB, Hong WK: Cancer of the head and neck. malignant melanoma with cartilage and/or osteoid formation. J Vet In: DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (Hrsg.): Cancer: Principles Med Sci. 2007; 69: 1155–1161 and Practice of Oncology. Lippincott, Philadelphia 1993; 604–612 [111] Papadimitriou S, Papazoglou LG, Tontis D et al.: Compound [134] Schmidt A, Kessler M, Tassani – Prell M: Computertomographi- maxillary odontoma in a young German shepherd dog. J Small sche Erscheinungsformen akanthomatöser Ameloblastome – eine Anim Pract. 2005; 46: 146–150 retrospektive Untersuchung bei 52 Hunden. Tierärztl Prax. 2012; 3: 155–160 [112] Patnaik AK: Histologic and immunohistochemical studies of granular cell tumors in seven dogs, three cats, one horse, and one bird. [135] Schmidt BR, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB et al.: Evaluation of piro- Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 176–185 xicam for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1783–1786 [113] Patnaik AK, Mooney S: Feline melanoma: a comparative study of ocular, oral and dermal neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 1988; 25: 105–112 [136] Schwarz PD, Withrow SJ, Curtis CR et al.: Mandibular resection as a treatment for oral cancer in 81 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [114] Pestili de Almeida EM, Piche C, Sirois J et al.: Expression of cyclo- 1991; 27: 601–610 oxygenase-2 in naturally occurring squamous cell carcinomas in dogs. J Histochem Cytochem.2001; 49: 867–875 [137] Schwarz PD, Withrow SJ, Curtis CR et al.: Partial maxillary resection as a treatment for oral cancer in 61 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp [115] Pindborg JJ, Kramer IRH, Torloni H: Histological typing of odonto- Assoc. 1991; 27: 617–624 genic tumors, jaw cysts, and allied lesions. In: International histologic classification of tumors, No 5. WHO, Genf 1971 [138] Smith MM: Surgical approach for lymph node staging of oral and maxillofacial neoplasms in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: [116] Platz SJ, Breuer W, Pfleghaar S et al.: Prognostic value of histopa- 514–518 thological grading in canine extramedullary plasmacytomas Vet Pathol 1999; 36: 23–27 [139] Smith SH, Goldschmidt MH, McManus PM: A comparative review of melanocytic neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 651-678 [117] Poirier VJ, Bley CR, Roos M et al.: Efficacy of radiation therapy for the treatment of macroscopic canine oral soft tissue sarcoma. In [140] Snyder LA, Bertone ER, Jakowski RM et al.: p53 expression and Vivo. 2006; 20: 415–419 environmental tobacco smoke exposure in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 209–214 [118] Poulet FM, Valentine BA, Summers BA: A survey of epithelial odontogenic tumors and cysts in dogs and cats. Vet Pathol. 1992; [141] Spangler WL, Kass PH: The histologic and epidemiologic bases for 29: 369–380 prognostic considerations in canine melanocytic neoplasia. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 136–149 [119] Postorino Reeves NC, Turrel JM, Withrow SJ: Oral squamous cell carcinoma in the cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1993; 29: 438–441 [142] Stebbins KE, Morse CC, Goldschmidt MH: Feline oral neoplasia: A ten year survey. Vet Pathol. 1989; 26: 121–128 [120] Proulx DR, Ruslander DM, Dodge RK et al.: A retrospective analysis of 140 dogs with oral melanoma treated with external beam [143] Syrcle JA, Bonczynski JJ, Monette S et al.: Retrospective evaluation radiation. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 352–359 of lingual tumors in 42 dogs: 1999–2005. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 308–319 [121] Quigley PJ, Leedale AH: Tumors involving bone in the domestic cat: a review of fifty-eight cases. Vet Pathol. 1983; 20: 670–686 [144] Syverton JT: The pathogenesis of rabbit papilloma-to-carcinoma sequence. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1952; 54: 1126–1140 [122] Ragland WL, Gorham JR: Tonsillar carcinoma in rural dogs. Nature. 1967: 214: 925–926 [145] Théon AP, Rodriquez C, Madewell BR: Analysis of prognostic factors and patterns of failure in dogs with malignant oral tumors trea- [123] Rakich PM, Latimer KS, Weiss R et al.: Mucocutaneous plasmacy- ted with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 210: tomas in dogs: 75 cases (1980–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 778–784 194: 803–810

[146] Theon AP, Rodriguez C, Griffey S et al.: Analysis of prognostic fac- [4] Burek KA, Munn RJ, Madewell BR: Metastatic adenocarcinoma of tors and patterns of failure in dogs with periodontal tumors treated a minor salivary gland in a cat. Zbl Vet Med A. 1994; 41: 485–490 with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 210: [5] Buyukmihci N, Rubin LF, Harvey CE: Exophthalmos secondary to 785–788 zygomatic adenocarcinoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1975; [147] Thrall DE: Orthovoltage radiotherapy of acanthomatous epulides in 167: 162–165 39 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 826–829 [6] Carberry CA, Flanders JA, Harvey HJ et al.: Salivary gland tumors [148] Thrall DE, Goldschmidt MH, Biery DN: Malignant tumor formation in dogs and cats: a literature and case review. J Am Anim Hosp at the site of previously irradiated acanthomatous epulides in four Assoc. 1988; 24: 561–567 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178: 127–132 [7] Couto CG, Hammer AS: Oncology. In: Sherding RS (Hrsg.): Diseases [149] Thrall DE: Orthovoltage radiotherapy of oral fibrosarcomas in dogs. of the cat. Churchill Livingstone, New York 1994; 755–818 J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 179: 159–162 [8] Elsinghorst TA: First cases of animal diseases published since 2000. [150] Todoroff RJ, Brodey RS: Oral and pharyngeal neoplasia in the dog: 6. First update of dog diseases. Vet Q. 2004; 26: 12–17 a retrospective survey of 361 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; [9] Evans SM, Thrall DE: Post-operative orthovoltage radiation therapy 175: 567–571 of the parotid salivary gland adenocarcinoma in three dogs. J Am

[151] Verstraete FJM, Ligthelm AJ, Weber A: The histological nature of Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 182: 993–994 Literaturverzeichnis epulides in dogs. J Comp Path. 1992; 106: 169–182 [10] Faustino AM, Dias Pereira P: A salivary malignant myoepithelioma [152] Vos JH, van der Gaag I: Canine and feline oro-pharyngeal tumors. in a dog. Vet J. 2007; 173: 223–226 Vet Med. 1987; 34: 420–427 [11] Giudice C, Marco R, Mirko R et al.: Zygomatic gland adenoma in a [153] Vrieling HE, Schepman KP, Theyse LF, et al.: [Oral carcinoma in 34 dog: histochemical and immunohistochemical evaluation. Vet Oph- dogs]. Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd. 1999; 106: 122–125 thalmol. 2005; 8: 13–16 [154] Wallace J, Matthiesen DT, Patnaik AK: Hemimaxillectomy for the [12] Grevel V, Schmidt S, Mettler F: Multiple Kochenmetastasen eines treatment of oral tumors in 69 dogs. Vet Surg. 1992; 21: 337–341 Speicheldrüsenkarzinoms bei einem Hund. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. [155] Walsh KM, Denholm DJ, Cooper BJ: Epithelial odontogenic tumors 1978; 120: 13–22 in domestic animals. J Comp Pathol. 1987; 97: 503–521 [13] Habin DJ, Else RW: Parotid salivary gland adenocarcinoma with [156] Watrach AM, Small E, Case MT: Canine papilloma: progression of bilateral ocular and osseous metastases in a dog. J Small Anim oral papilloma to carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1970; 45: 915–920 Pract. 1995; 36: 445–449 [157] White RAS: Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy in the dog: long [14] Hammer AS, Getzy D, Ogilvie GK et al.: Salivary gland neoplasia in term survival in 100 cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1991; 32: 69–74 the dog and cat: Survival times and prognostic factors. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 478–482 [158] White RAS: Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy in the dog. Results of 75 cases. Vet Surg. 1987; 16: 105–110 [15] Kaewamatawong T, Rungsipipat A, Chutatep S: Canine extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the salivary gland. Thai J Vet Med. 2000; 30: [159] White RAS, Gorman NT, Watkins SB et al.: The surgical manage- 65–73 ment of bone-involved oral tumors in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1985; 26: 693–708 [16] Karbe E, Schiefer B: Primary salivary gland tumors in carnivores. Can Vet J. 1967; 8: 212–215 [160] Williams LE, Packer RA: Association between lymph node size and metastasis in dogs with oral malignant melanoma: 100 cases [17] Kessler M, Kühnel S: Tumoren der Speicheldrüsen bei 8 Katzen. (1987-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 222: 1234–1236 2012 (unveröffentlicht) [161] Withrow SJ, Holberg DL: Mandibulectomy in the treatment of oral [18] Kim H, Nakaichi M, Itamoto K et al.: Malignant mixed tumor in cancer. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 19: 273–286 the salivary gland of a cat. J Vet Sci. 2008; 9: 331–333 [162] Withrow SJ, Nelson AW, Manley PA: Premaxillectomy in the dog. [19] Kitshoff AM, Millward IR, Williams JH et al.: Infiltrative angio- J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985; 21: 45–55 lipoma of the parotid salivary gland in a dog. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2010; 81: 258–261 [163] Wright ZM, Rogers KS, Mansell J: Survival data for canine oral extramedullary plasmacytomas: a retrospective analysis (1996–2006). [20] Köstner A, Bürger L: Primary neoplasms of salivary glands in ani- J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 75–81 mals compared to similar tumors in man. Vet Pathol. 1965; 2: 201– 226 [164] Wypij JM, Fan TM, Fredrickson RL et al.: In vivo and in vitro efficacy of zoledronate for treating oral squamous cell carcinoma in [21] Louw GJ, van Schouwenburg SJ: A case of a highly invasive carci- cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 158–163 noma of a salivary gland in a crossbred dog. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1984; 55: 131–132 [165] Yoshida K, Watarai Y, Sakai Y et al.: The effect of intralesional bleomycin on canine acanthomatous epulis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [22] Mazzullo G, Sfacteria A, Ianelli N et al.: Carcinoma of the subman- 1998; 34: 457–461 dibular salivary glands with multiple metastases in a cat. Vet Clin Pathol. 2005; 34: 61–64 [166] Yoshida K, Yanai T, Iwasaki T et al.: Clinicopathological study of canine oral epulides. J Vet Med Sci. 1999; 61: 897–902 [23] Militerno G, Bazzo R, Marcato PS: Cytological diagnosis of mandibular salivary gland adenocarcinoma in a dog. J Vet Med A Physiol [167] Zaugg N, Nespeca G, Hauser B, et al.: Detection of novel papillo- Pathol Clin Med. 2005; 52: 514–516 maviruses in canine mucosal, cutaneous and in situ squamous cell carcinomas. Vet Dermatol. 2005;16: 290–298 [24] Oshikata T, Kuwasaki E, Katoku K et al.: Malignant mixed tumor of salivary gland in a dog. J Toxicol Pathol. 2006; 19; 147–150 19.2 Tumoren der Speicheldrüsen [25] Pérez-Martínez C, García Fernández RA, Reyes Avila LE et al.: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (giant cell type) associated with a [1] Bartoe JT, Brightman AH, Davidson HJ: Modified lateral orbito- malignant mixed tumor in the salivary gland of a dog. Vet Pathol. tomy for vision-sparing excision of a zygomatic mucocele in a dog. 2000; 37: 350–353 – Vet Ophthalmol. 2007; 10: 127 131 [26] Ratto A, Pfeiffer RL, Peruccio C et al.: Zygomatic salivary gland [2] Brocks BA, Peeters ME, Kimpfler S: Oncocytoma in the mandibu- adenocarcinoma in a dog. Prog Vet Comp Ophth. 1991; 1: 59–62 – lar salivary gland of a cat. J Fel Med Surg. 2008; 10: 188 191. [27] Shimoyama Y, Yamashita K, Ohmachi T et al.: Pleomorphic ade- [3] Brown NO: Salivary gland diseases. Diagnosis, treatment, and asso- noma of the salivary gland in two dogs. J Comp Pathol. 2006; 134: ciated problems. Probl Vet Med. 1989; 1: 281–294 254–259

[28] Smrkovski OA, LeBlanc AK, Smith SH et al.: Carcinoma ex pleo- [15] Head KW, Else RW, Dubielzig RR: Tumours of the alimentary morphic adenoma with sebaceous differentiation in the mandibular tracts. In Meuten DJ (Hrsg.): Tumors of domestic animals. 4. Aufl., salivary gland of a dog. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 374–377 Iowa State Press, Ames 2002; 439–443. [29] Sozmen M, Brown PJ, Eveson JW: Salivary gland basal cell adeno- [16] Holmberg DL, Kuzma AB, Miller CW: Free bowel transfer for eso- carcinoma: a report of cases in a cat and two dogs. J Vet Med A Phy- phageal reconstruction in the dog. Microsurgery. 1991; 12: 140– siol Pathol Clin Med. 2003; 50: 399–401 144 [30] Sozmen M, Brown PJ, Eveson JW: Cytokeratin immunostaining in [17] Kirberger RM, Dvir E, van der Merwe LL: The effect of positioning normal dog major and minor salivary glands. Vet Res. 1998; 29: on the radiographic appearance of caudodorsal mediastinal masses 457–465 in the dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 630–634 [31] Sozmen M, Brown PJ, Eveson JW: Sebaceous carcinoma of the [18] Kook PH, Wiederkehr D, Makara M et al.: Megaösophagus infolge salivary gland in a cat. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2002; eines ösophagealen Leiomyoms und Ösophagitis beim Hund. 49: 425–427 Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2009; 151: 497–501 [32] Sozmen M, Brown PJ, Eveson JW: Salivary duct carcinoma in five [19] Kuzma AB, Holmberg DL, Miller CW et al.: Esophageal replace- cats. J Comp Pathol. 1999; 121: 311–319 ment in the dog by microvascular colon transfer. Vet Surg. 1989; [33] Spangler WL, Culbertson MR: Salivary disease in dogs and cats. 18: 439–445 245 cases (1985–1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 465–469 [20] Kyles AE: Esophagus. In Slatter D (Hrsg.): Textbook of Small Animal [34] Thomsen BV, Myers RK: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the mandi- Surgery (3. Aufl). Philadelphia PA, Saunders, 2002, 573–592 bular salivary gland in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1999; 36: 71–73 [21] Lawson DD, Pirie HM: Conditions of the canine esophagus – (II) [35] van der Woerdt A: Orbital inflammatory disease and pseudotumor vascular rings, achalasia, tumors, and peri-esophageal lesions. J in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2008; 38: Small Anim Pract. 1966; 7: 117–127 389–401, vii–viii [22] Lindsay N, Kirberger R, Williams M: Imaging diagnosis – spinal [36] Wells GA, Robinson M: Mixed tumour of salivary gland showing cord chondrosarcoma associated with spirocercosis in a dog. Vet histological evidence of malignancy in a cat. J Comp Pathol. 1975; Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 614–616 85: 77–85 [23] Mazaki-Tovi M, Baneth G, Aroch I et al.: Canine spirocercosis: clinical, diagnostic, pathologic, and epidemiologic characteristics. Vet 19.3 Tumoren des Ösophagus Parasitol. 2002; 107: 235–250 [24] McCaw D, Pratt M, Walshaw R: Squamous cell carcinoma of the [1] Becker H, Seufert RM, Hottenrott C et al.: Tierexperimentelle esophagus in a dog, J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1980; 16: 561–563 Untersuchungen der Magendurchblutung. III. Restdurchblutung [25] Mori T: [An experimental study on the hemodynamics of the gast- des skelettierten Magens. Res Exp Med (Berl). 1979; 176: 103–106 ric tube for esophageal reconstruction] Nippon Geka Hokan. 1991; [2] Berube D, Scott-Moncrieff JC, Rohleder J et al.: Primary esopha- 60: 250–263 geal squamous cell carcinoma in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [26] Münster M, Ballauf B, Kraft W: Zwei Fälle von sekundären Speise- 2009; 45: 291–295 röhrenkarzinomen bei der Katze. Tierarztl Prax. 1987; 15: 225–228 [3] Bouayad H, Caywood DD, Alyakine H et al.: Surgical reconstruc- [27] Patnaik AK, Erlandson RA, Lieberman PH: Esophageal neuro- tion of partial circumferential esophageal defect in the dog. J Invest endocrine carcinoma in a cat. Vet Pathol. 1990; 27: 128–130 Surg. 1992; 5: 327–342 [28] Pavletic MM: Stapling in esophageal surgery. Vet Clin North Am [4] Carb AV, Goodmann DG: Esophageal carcinoma in the dog. J Small Small Anim Pract. 1994; 24: 395–412. Anim Pract. 1973; 14: 91–99 [29] Ranen E, Shamir MH, Shahar R et al.: Partial esophagectomy with [5] Cotchin E: Some tumours of dogs and cats of comparative veteri- single layer closure for treatment of esophageal sarcomas in 6 nary and human interest. Vet Rec. 1959; 71: 1040–1054 dogs. Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 428–434 [6] Dvir E, Kirberger RM, Mukorera V et al.: Clinical differentiation [30] Ranen E, Lavy E, Aizenberg I et al.: Spirocercosis-associated eso- between dogs with benign and malignant spirocercosis. Vet Parasi- phageal sarcomas in dogs. A retrospective study of 17 cases (1997– tol. 2008; 155: 80–88 2003). Vet Parasitol. 2004; 119: 209–221 [7] Farese JP, Bacon NJ, Ehrhart NP et al.: Oesophageal leiomyosar- [31] Ridgway RL, Suter PF: Clinical and radiographic signs in primary coma in dogs: surgical management and clinical outcome of four and metastatic esophageal neoplasms of the dog. J Am Vet Med cases. Vet Comp Onc. 2008; 6: 31–38 Assoc. 1979; 174: 700–704 [8] Fernandes FH, Hawe RS, Loeb WF: Primary squamous cell carci- [32] Shinozuka J, Nakayama H, Suzuki M et al.: Esophageal adeno- noma of the esophagus in a cat. Comp Anim Pract. 1987: 1: 16–22 squamous carcinoma in a cat. J Vet Med Sci. 2001; 63: 91–93 [9] Fox SM, Burns J, Hawkins J: Spirocercosis in dogs. Comp Cont Ed [33] Sumner-Smith G: Oesophagotomy and oesophageal resection. J Small Anim Pract. 1988; 7: 807–822 Small Anim Pract. 1973; 14: 429–438 [10] Gibson CJ, Parry NM, Jakowski RM et al.: Adenomatous polyp [34] van der Merwe LL, Kirberger RM, Clift S et al.: Spirocerca lupi with intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus (Barrett esophagus) in infection in the dog: a review. Vet J. 2008; 176: 294–309 a dog. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 116–119 [35] Vernon FF, Roudebush P: Primary esophageal carcinoma in a cat. J [11] Gualtieri M, Monzeglio MG, Di Giancamillo M: Oesophageal squa- Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1980; 16: 547–550 mous cell carcinoma in two cats. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 79– 83 [36] Withrow SJ: Osophageal Cancer. In: Withrow SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Small animal clinical oncology. 4. Aufl., WB Saunders Co, St. Louis, [12] Gualtieri M, Olivero D: Reflux esophagitis in three cats associated Missouri 2007; 477–478 with metaplastic columnar esophageal epithelium. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 65–70 [13] Hamilton TA, Carpenter JL: Esophageal plasmacytoma in a dog. J 19.4 Tumoren des Magens Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 204: 1210–1211 [1] Bagley RS, Levy JK, Malarkey DE: Hypoglycemia associated with [14] Happé RP, van der Gaag I, Wolvekamp WT et al.: Esophageal intra-abdominal leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma in six dogs. J Am squamous cell carcinoma in two cats. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1978; Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 69–71 103: 1080–1086 [2] Beck JA, Simpson DS: Surgical treatment of gastric leiomyoma in a dog. Aust Vet J. 1999; 77: 161–163

[3] Beck C, Slocombe RF, OʼNeill T, et al.: The use of ultrasound in the [26] Lecoindre P, Richard S: Les anomalies digestives associées au synd- investigation of gastric carcinoma in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2001; 79: rome respiratoire obstructif des brachycéphales. A propos de 30 cas 332–334 (1999–2001). Revue Méd Vét 2004; 155: 141–146 [4] Bilek A, Hirt RA: Magenkarzinome beim Chow-Chow: rasseassozi- [27] Lecoindre P: Ultrasonographic and endoscopic examination of gast- ierte Häufung. Wien Tierärztl Mschr. 2007; 94: 71 – 79 ric and colo-rectal tumours. Proc. 6th Ann Conf Europ Soc Vet Int [5] Bonfanti U, Bertazzolo W, Bottero E, et al.: Diagnostic value of Med., Veldhoven, NL 1996; 6–8 cytologic examination of gastrointestinal tract tumors in dogs and [28] Leib MS, Larson MM, Panciera DL, et al.: Diagnostic utility of cats: 83 cases (2001–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: abdominal ultrasonography in dogs with chronic vomiting. J Vet 1130–1133 Intern Med. 2010; 24: 803–808 [6] Bridgeford EC, Marini RP, Feng Y, et al.: Gastric Helicobacter spe- [29] Lingeman CH, Garner FM, Taylor DON: Spontaneous gastric ade- cies as a cause of feline gastric lymphoma: a viable hypothesis. Vet nocarcinomas of dogs: a review. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1971; 47:137– Immunol Immunopathol. 2008; 123: 106–113 153 [7] Brunnert SR, Dee LA, Herron AJ, et al.: Gastric extramedullary [30] Lubbes D, Mandigers PJ, Heuven HC, et al.: [Incidence of gastric plasmacytoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 1501– carcinoma in Dutch Tervueren shepherd dogs born between 1991 –

1502 and 2002]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2009; 134: 606 610 Literaturverzeichnis [8] Carrasco V, Canfrán S, Rodríguez-Franco F, et al.: Canine gastric [31] Mahony OM, Moore AS, Cotter SM, et al.: Alimentary lymphoma carcinoma: immunohistochemical expression of cell cycle proteins in cats: 28 cases (1988–1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: (p53, p21, and p16) and heat shock proteins (Hsp27 and Hsp70). 1593–1598 Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 322–329 [32] Murray M, McKeating FJ, Lauder IM: Primary gastric neoplasia in [9] Cohen M, Post GS, Wright JC: Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma in the dog. a clinicopathological study. Vet Rec. 1972; 91: 474–479 14 dogs. J Vet Int Med. 2003; 17: 107–110 [33] Neuerer F, Hartmann K: Der klinische Fall: Anämie durch chroni- [10] Couto GC, Rutgers HC, Sherding RG, et al.: Gastrointestinal lym- sche gastrointestinale Blutung aufgrund eines ulzerierten Adenokar- phoma in 20 dogs: a retrospective study. J Vet Int Med. 1989; 3: zinoms des Magens mit sekundärem Eisenmangel bei einem Hund. 474–479 Tierärztl Prax. 2006 34: 252–267 [11] Culbertson R., Branam JE, Rosenblatt LS: Esophageal/gastric leio- [34] Olivieri M, Gosselin Y, Sauvageau R: Gastric adenocarcinoma in a myoma in the laboratory Beagle. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 183: dog: six-and-one-half month survival following partial gastrectomy 1168–1171 and gastroduodenostomy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1984; 20: 78–82 [12] DellʼOrco M, Bertazzolo W, Vergine M, et al.: Gastric mucinous [35] Qvigstad G, Kolbjørnsen Ø, Skancke E, et al.: Gastric neuroendoc- adenocarcinoma with cutaneous metastases in a dog: diagnosis by rine carcinoma associated with atrophic gastritis in the norwegian fine-needle aspiration cytology. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; 46: 449– lundehund. J Comp Pathol. 2008; 139: 194–201 453 [36] Park CH, Ishizuka Y, Tsuchida Y, et al.: Gastric pleomorphic leio- [13] Dennis MM, Bennett N, Ehrhart EJ: Gastric adenocarcinoma and myosarcoma in a Shetland sheepdog. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 873– chronic gastritis in two related Persian cats. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 876 358–362. [37] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Johnson GF: Canine gastrointestinal neo- [14] Eisele J, McClaran JK, Runge JJ, et al.: Evaluation of risk factors for plasms. Vet Pathol. 1977; 14: 547–555 morbidity and mortality after pylorectomy and gastroduodenos- [38] Penninck DG, Moore AS, Gliatto J: Ultrasonography of canine gast- tomy in dogs. Vet Surg. 2010; 39: 261–267 ric neoplasia. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 342–348 [15] Fant P, Caldin M, Furlanello T, et al.: Primary gastric histiocytic sar- [39] Pohlman LM, Higginbotham ML, Welles EG, et al.: Immunophe- coma in a dog–a case report. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. notypic and histologic classification of 50 cases of feline gastroin- 2004; 51: 358–362 testinal lymphoma. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 259–268 [16] Fossum TW, Hedlund CS: Gastric and intestinal surgery. Vet Clin [40] Rivers BJ, Walter PA, Johnston GR, et al.: Canine gastric neoplasia. North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 1117–1145, viii Utility of ultrasonography in diagnosis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [17] Frank JD, Reimer SB, Kass PH, et al.: Clinical outcomes of 30 cases 1997; 33: 144–155 (1997–2004) of canine gastrointestinal lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp [41] Rossmeissl JH Jr, Forester SD, Robertson JL et al.: Chronic vomi- Assoc. 2007; 43: 313–321 ting associated with gastric carcinoid in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp [18] Gualtieri M, Monzeglio MG, Scanziani E: Gastric neoplasia. Vet Assoc. 2002; 38: 61–66 Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1999; 29: 415–440 [42] Sautter JH, Hanlon GF: Gastric neoplasms in the dog: a report of [19] Gualtieri M, Monzeglio MG, Scanziani E: Gastrointestinal polyps in 20 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1975; 166: 691–696 small animals. Proc. 6th Ann Conf Europ Soc Vet Int Med, Veldhoven, [43] Scanziani E, Giusti AM, Gualteri M, et al.: Gastric carcinoma in the NL 1996; 8–10 Belgian shepherd dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1991; 32: 465–469 [20] Hayden DW, Nielsen SW: Canine alimentary neoplasia. Zbl Vet [44] Seigner P, Parodi AL: Les tumeurs primitives du tractus gastrointes- Med A 1973; 20: 1–22 tinal chez le chien. Etude restrospective sur une période de 10 [21] Kapatkin AS, Mullen HS, Matthiesen DT, et al.: Leiomyosarcoma années. Prat Méd Chir Anim. 1991; 26: 99–107 in dogs: 44 cases (1983–1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: [45] Shimosato Y, Tanaka N, Kogure K, et al.: Histopathology of 1077–1079 tumors of canine alimentary tract produced by N-methyl-Nʼ-nitro- [22] Kerpsack SJ, Birchard SJ: Removal of leiomyomas and other non- N-nitrosoguanidine, with particular reference of gastric carcinoma. J invasive masses from the cardiac region of the canine stomach. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1971; 47: 1053–1070 Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 500–504 [46] Simon D, Meneses F, Nolte I: Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik von [23] Krauser K: Neoplasien des Magens beim Hund. Berl Münch Tierärztl Tumorerkrankungen am Magen-Darm-Trakt. Tierärztl Prax K. 2005; Wschr. 1985; 98: 48–53 33: 401–406 [24] Lamb CR, Grierson J: Ultrasonographic appearance of primary gast- [47] Sullivan M, Lee R, Fischer EW, et al.: A study of 31 cases of gastric ric neoplasia in 21 dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 211–215 carcinoma in dogs. Vet Rec. 1987; 120: 79–83 [25] Landes C, von Sandersleben J: Primäre Neoplasien und Schleim- [48] Swann HM, Holt DE: Canine gastric adenocarcinoma and leiomyo- hauthyperplasien im Magen des Hundes. Tierärztl Prax. 1985; 1: sarcoma: a retrospective study of 21 cases (1986–1999) and litera- 139–158 ture review. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 157–164

[49] Turk MA, Gallina AM, Russell TS: Nonhematopoietic gastrointesti- [20] Feeney DA, Klausner J, Johnston GR: Chronic bowel obstruction nal neoplasia in cats: a retrospective study of 44 cases Vet Pathol. caused by primary intestinal neoplasia: A report of five cases. J Am 1981; 18: 614–620 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: 67–77 [50] van der Gaag I: Gastrointestinal tumors in dogs and cats: a retro- [21] Fondacaro JV, Richter KP, Carpenter JL et al: Feline gastrointesti- spective study. Proc 15th Meeting Europ Soc Vet Path, Sassari- nal lymphoma: 76 cases (1988–1996). Eur J Comp Gastroenterol. Alghero (Italien) 1997 1999; 4: 5–11 [51] Walter MC, Matthiesen DT, Stone EA: Pylorectomy and gastro- [22] Frank JD, Reimer SB, Kass PH et al.: Clinical outcomes of 30 cases duodenostomy in the dog: Technique and clinical results in 28 (1997–2004) of canine gastrointestinal lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 187: 909–914 Assoc. 2007; 43: 313–321 [23] French RA, Seitz SE, Valli VE: Primary epitheliotropic alimentary T- 19.5 Tumoren des Dünndarms cell lymphoma with hepatic involvement in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 349–352 [1] Bagley RS, Levy JK, Malarkey DE: Hypoglycemia associated with [24] Frost D, Lasota J, Miettinen M: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors intra-abdominal leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma in six dogs. J Am and leiomyomas in the dog: a histopathologic, immunohistochemi- Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 69–71 cal, and molecular genetic study of 50 cases. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: [2] Barker I, Van Dreumel A: The alimentary system. In: Jubb KVF, 42–54 Kennedy PC, Palmer N (Hrsg.), Pathology of Domestic Animals. Vol. [25] Gaag van der I: Gastrointestinal tumors in dogs and cats: a retro- 2, Orlando: 3. Aufl. Academic Press, 1985; 1–237 spective study. Proc 15th Meeting Europ Soc Vet Pathol. 1997 [3] Beaudry D, Knapp DW, Montgomery T et al.: Hypoglycemia in [26] Gabor LJ, Canfield PJ, Malik R: Immunophenotypic and histological four dogs with smooth muscle tumors. J Vet Int Med. 1995; 9: 415– characterisation of 109 cases of feline lymphosarcoma. Aust Vet J. 418 1999; 77: 436–441 [4] Benitah N, deLorimier LP, Gaspar M et al.: Chlorambucil induced [27] Gabor LJ, Canfield PJ, Malik R: Haematological and biochemical myoclonus in a cat with lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; findings in cats in Australia with lymphosarcoma. Aust Vet J. 2000; 39: 283–287 78: 456–461 [5] Birchard, SJ, Couto GC, Johnson S: Nonlymphoid intestinal neoplasia [28] Gaschen L: Ultrasonography of small intestinal inflammatory and in 32 dogs and 14 cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1986; 22: 533–537 neoplastic diseases in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim [6] Bonfanti U, Bertazzolo W, Bottero E et al.: Diagnostic value of Pract. 2011; 41: 329–344 cytologic examination of gastrointestinal tract tumors in dogs and [29] Gibbs C, Pearson H: Localized tumors of canine small intestine: a cats: 83 cases (2001–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: report of twenty cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1986; 27: 507–519 1130–1133 [30] Gieger T: Alimentary lymphoma in cats and dogs. Vet Clin North [7] Bortnowski HB, Rosenthal RC: Gastrointestinal mast cell tumors Am Small Anim Pract. 2011; 41: 419–432 and eosinophilia in two cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1992; 28: 271–275 [31] Gillespie V, Baer K, Farrelly J et al.: Canine gastrointestinal stromal tumors: immunohistochemical expression of CD34 and examina- [8] Bruecker KA, Withrow SJ: Intestinal leiomyosarcomas in six dogs. J tion of prognostic indicators including proliferation markers Ki67 Am Hosp Assoc. 1988; 24: 281–284 and AgNOR. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 283–291.http://www.ncbi.nlm. [9] Carakostas MC, Kennedy GA, Kittleson MD et al.: Malignant fore- nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Craft%20D%22%5BAuthor%5D gut carcinoid in a domestic cat. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 607–609 [32] Goggin JM, Biller DS, Debey BM et al.: Ultrasonographic measure- [10] Carreras JK, Goldschmidt M, Lamb M et al.: Feline epitheliotropic ment of gastrointestinal wall thickness and the ultrasonographic – intestinal malignant lymphoma: 10 cases (1997 2000) J Vet Intern appearance of the ileocolic region in healthy cats. J Am Anim Hosp – Med. 2003; 17: 326 331 Assoc. 2000; 36: 224–228 [11] Cesari A, Bettini G, Vezzali E: Feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma: [33] Grooters AM, Biller DS, Ward H et al.: Ultrasonographic appea- assessment of morphologic and kinetic features in 30 cases. J Vet rance of feline alimentary lymphoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1994; – Diagn Invest. 2009; 21: 277 279 35: 468–472 [12] Cohen M, Post GS, Wright JC: Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma in [34] Halsey CHC, Powers BE, Kamstock DA: Feline intestinal sclerosing – 14 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 107 110 mast cell tumour: 50 cases 1997–2008. Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: [13] Cotter SM: Treatment of lymphoma and leukemia with cyclo- 72–79 phosphamid, vincristin and prednisone. II. Treatment of cats. J Am [35] Howl JH, Petersen MG: Intestinal mast cell tumor in a cat: presen- – Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 166 172 tation as eosinophilic enteritis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc.1995; 31: [14] Couto CG , Rutgers HC, Sherding RG, et al.: Gastrointestinal lym- 457–461 phoma in 20 dogs. A retrospective study. J Vet Intern Med. 1989; 3: [36] Jackson MW, Helfand SC. Smedes L et al.: Primary IgG secreting – 73 78 plasma cell tumor in the gastrointestinal tract of a dog. J Am Vet [15] Coyle KA, Steinberg H: Characterization of lymphocytes in canine Med Assoc. 1994; 204: 404–406 – gastrointestinal lymphoma. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41:141 146 [37] Jackson ML, Wood SL, Misra V et al.: Immunohistochemical iden- [16] Crawshaw J, Berg J, Sardinas JC et al.: Prognosis for dogs with tification of B and T lymphocytes in formalin fixed, paraffin embed- nonlymphomatous, small intestinal tumors treated by surgical exci- ded feline lymphosarcomas: relation to feline leukemia virus status, sion. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 451–456 tumor site and patient age. Can J Vet Res. 1996; 60: 199–204 [17] Darbes J, Majzoub M, Breuer W et al.: Large granular lymphocyte [38] Jeglum KA, Whereat A, Young K: Chemotherapy of lymphoma in leukemia/lymphoma in six cats. Vet Pathol. 1998; 35:370–379 75 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 174–178 [18] Davenport DJ, Leib MS, Roth L: Progression of lymphocytic-plas- [39] Juopperi TA, Cesta M, Tomlinson L et al.: Extensive cutaneous macytic enteritis to gastrointestinal lymphoma in three cats. Proc metastases in a dog with duodenal adenocarcinoma. Vet Clin 7th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc, Madison 1987 Pathol. 2003; 32: 88–91 [19] Evans SE, Bonczynski JJ, Broussard JD et al.: Comparison of endo- [40] Kapatkin AS, Mullen HS, Matthiesen DT et al.: Leiomyosarcoma scopic and full-thickness biopsy specimens for diagnosis of inflam- in dogs: 44 cases (1983–1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: matory bowel disease and alimentary tract lymphoma in cats. J Am 1077–1079 Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 1447–1450

[41] Kiselow MA, Rassnick KM, McDonough SP et al.: Outcome of [61] Parshley DL, Larue SM, Kitchell B et al.: Abdominal irradiation as a cats with low-grade lymphocytic lymphoma: 41 cases (1995– rescue therapy for feline gastrointestinal lymphoma: a retrospective 2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 405–410 study of 11 cats (2001–2008). J Feline Med Surg. 2011; 13: 63–68 [42] Kiupel M, Smedley RC, Pfent C et al.: Diagnostic algorithm to dif- [62] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Johnson GF: Canine gastroinestinal neo- ferentiate lymphoma from inflammation in feline small intestinal plasms. Vet Pathol. 1977; 14: 547–555 biopsy samples. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 212–222 [63] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Johnson GF: Canine intestinal adenocarci- [43] Kleinschmidt S, Harder J, Nolte I et al.: Chronic inflammatory and noma and carcinoid. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 149–163 non-inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in cats: [64] Patnaik AK, Twedt DC, Marretta SM: Intestinal mast cell tumor in diagnostic advantages of full-thickness intestinal and extraintestinal a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1980; 21: 207–212 biopsies. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 97–103 [65] Patnaik AK, Liu SK, Johnson GF: Feline intestinal adenocarcinoma. [44] Kodama A, Sakai H, Kobayashi K et al.: B-cell intestinal lymphoma A clinicopathologic study of 22 cases. Vet Pathol. 1976; 13: 1–10 with Mott cell differentiation in a 1-year-old miniature Dachshund. [66] Patterson-Kane JC, Kugler BP, Francis K: The possible prognostic Vet Clin Pathol. 2008; 37: 409–415 significance of immunophenotype in feline alimentary lymphoma: a [45] Kosovsky JE, Matthiesen DT, Patnaik AK: Small intestinal adeno- pilot study. J Comp Pathol. 2004; 130: 220–222 –

carcinoma in cats: 32 cases (1978 1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Literaturverzeichnis [67] Peaston AE, Griffey SM: Visceral mast cell tumour with eosinophilia 1988; 192: 233–235 and eosinophilic peritoneal and pleural effusions in a cat. Aust Vet J. [46] Krick EL, Little L, Patel R et al.: Description of clinical and patholo- 1994; 71: 215–217 gical findings, treatment and outcome of feline large granular lym- [68] Penninck DG, Smyers B, Webster CR et al.: Diagnostic value of phocyte lymphoma (1996–2004). Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 102– ultrasonography in differentiating enteritis from intestinal neoplasia 110 in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 570–575 [47] Lingard AE, Briscoe K, Beatty JA et al.: Low-grade alimentary lym- [69] Penninck DG: Characterization of gastrointestinal tumors. Vet Clin phoma: clinicopathological findings and response to treatment in North Am Small Anim Pract. 1998; 28: 777–797 17 cases J Feline Med Surg. 2009: 11: 692–700 [70] Pfeil C, Loupal G: Tumoren im Darmtrakt des Hundes. Ztbl Vet [48] Litster AL, Sorenmo KU: Characterisation of the signalment, clini- Med A 1984; 31: 146–159 cal and survival characteristics of 41 cats with mast cell neoplasia. J [71] Pohlman LM, Higginbotham ML, Welles EG et al.: Immunophe- Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8: 177–183 notypic and histologic classification of 50 cases of feline gastroin- [49] Louwerens M, London CA, Pedersen NC et al.: http://www.ncbi. testinal lymphoma. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 259–268 nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Lyons%20LA%22%5BAuthor%5DFe- [72] Rassnick KM, Moore AS, Collister KE et al.: Efficacy of combina- line lymphoma in the post-feline leukemia virus era. J Vet Intern tion chemotherapy for treatment of gastrointestinal lymphoma in Med. 2005; 19: 329–335 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 317–322 [50] Maas CP, ter Haar G, van der Gaag I et al.: Reclassification of small [73] Richter KP: Feline gastrointestinal lymphoma. Vet Clin North Am intestinal and cecal smooth muscle tumors in 72 dogs: clinical, his- Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 1083–98, vii tologic, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: 302–313 [74] Rissetto K, Villamil JA, Selting KA et al.: Recent trends in feline intestinal neoplasia: an epidemiologic study of 1,129 cases in the [51] MacDonald JM, Mullen HS, Moroff SD: Adenomatous polyps of veterinary medical database from 1964 to 2004. J Am Anim Hosp the duodenum in cats: 18 cases (1985–1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Assoc. 2011; 47: 28–36 1993; 202: 647–651 [75] Rivers BJ, Walter PA, Feeney DA et al.: Ultrasonographic features [52] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Johnson GF et al.: Extramedullary plas- of intestinal adenocarcinoma in five cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. macytoma of the gastrointestinal tract in two dogs. J Am Vet Med 1997; 38: 300–306 Assoc. 1984; 184: 1396–1398 [76] Roccabianca P, Vernau W, Caniatti M et al.: Feline large granular [53] Mahony OM, Moore AS, Cotter SM et al.: Alimentary lymphoma lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma with secondary leukemia: primary in cats: 28 cases (1988–1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: intestinal origin with predominance of a CD3/CD8(alpha)(alpha) 1593–1598 phenotype. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 15–28 [54] Miettinen M, Lasota J: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors – defini- [77] Russell KN, Mehler SJ, Skorupski KA et al.: Clinical and immuno- tion, clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular gene- histochemical differentiation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors tic features and differential diagnosis. A review. Virchows Arch. from leiomyosarcomas in dogs: 42 cases (1990–2003). J Am Vet 2001; 438:1–12 Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 1329–1333 [55] Molander-McCrary H, Henry CJ, Potter K et al.: Cutaneous mast [78] Sako T, Uchida E, Okamoto M et al.: Immunohistochemical eva- cell tumors in cats: 332 cases (1991–1994). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. luation of a malignant intestinal carcinoid in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1998; 34: 281–284 2003; 40: 212–215 [56] Moore PF, Woo JC, Vernau W et al.: Characterization of feline T [79] Sato AF, Solano M: Ultrasonographic findings in abdominal mast cell receptor gamma (TCRG) variable region genes for the molecu- cell disease: a retrospective study of 19 patients. Vet Radiol Ultra- lar diagnosis of feline intestinal T cell lymphoma. Vet Immunol sound. 2004; 45: 51–57 Immunopathol. 2005; 106: 167–178 [80] Schwandt CS: Low-grade or benign intestinal tumours contribute [57] Orr CM, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Kelly DF: Ileal polyps in Siamese cats. J to intussusception: a report on one feline and two canine cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1980; 21: 669–674 Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 651–654 [58] Ozaki K, Yamagami T, Nomura K et al.: T-cell lymphoma with [81] Simon D, Eberle N, Laacke-Singer L et al.: Combination chemo- eosinophilic infiltration involving the intestinal tract in 11 dogs. Vet therapy in feline lymphoma: treatment outcome, tolerability, and Pathol. 2006; 43: 339–344 duration in 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 394–400 [59] Ozaki K, Yamagami T, Nomura K et al.: Mast cell tumors of the [82] Simon D, Meneses F, Nolte I: Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik von gastrointestinal tract in 39 dogs. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 557–564 Tumorerkrankungen am Magen-Darm-Trakt. Tierärztl Prax (K). [60] Paoloni MC, Penninck DG, Moore AS: Ultrasonographic and clini- 2005; 33: 401–406 copathologic findings in 21 dogs with intestinal adenocarcinoma. [83] Spugnini EP, Gargiulo M, Assin R et al.: Adjuvant carboplatin for Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 562–567 the treatment of intestinal carcinoid in a dog. In Vivo. 2008; 22: 759–761

[84] Stacy NI, Nabity MB, Hackendahl N et al.: B-cell lymphoma with [9] Frank JD, Reimer SB, Kass PH et al.: Clinical outcomes of 30 cases Mott cell differentiation in two young adult dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. (1997–2004) of canine gastrointestinal lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp 2009; 38: 113–120 Assoc. 2007; 43: 313–321 [85] Stein TJ, Pellin M, Steinberg H et al.: Treatment of feline gastro- [10] Frost D, Lasota J, Miettinen M: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors intestinal small-cell lymphoma with chlorambucil and glucocorti- and leiomyomas in the dog: a histopathologic, immunohistochemi- coids. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2010; 46: 413–417 cal, and molecular genetic study of 50 cases. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: [86] Sykes GP, Cooper BJ: Canine intestinal carcinoids. Vet Pathol. 1982; 42–54 19: 120–131 [11] Gillespie V, Baer K, Farrelly J et al.: Canine gastrointestinal stromal [87] Seyrek-Intas D, Peppler C, Marek N et al.: Ultraschalldiagnostik tumors: immunohistochemical expression of CD34 and examina- von Darmwandveränderungen bei der Katze. Tierärztl Prax (K). tion of prognostic indicators including proliferation markers Ki67 2008; 36: 185–190 and AgNOR. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 283–291 [88] Takahashi T, Kadosawa T, Nagase M et al.: Visceral mast cell [12] Gregory-Bryson E, Bartlett E, Kiupel M et al.: Canine and human tumors in dogs: 10 cases (1982–1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; gastrointestinal stromal tumors display similar mutations in c-KIT 216: 222–226 exon 11. BMC Cancer. 2010; 10: 559 [89] Turk MAM, Gallina AM, Russel TS: Nonhematopoietic gastrointes- [13] Hampson EC, Wilkinson GT, Sutton RH et al.: Cutaneous metasta- tinal neoplasia in cats: A retrospective study of 44 cases. Vet Pathol. sis of a colonic carcinoma in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1990; 31: 1981; 18: 614–620 155–158 [90] Waly NE, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Stokes CR, et al.: Immunohistoche- [14] Holt PE: Evaluation of transanal endoscopic treatment of benign mical diagnosis of alimentary lymphomas and severe intestinal canine rectal neoplasia. J Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 17–25 inflammation in cats. J Comp Pathol. 2005; 133: 253–260 [15] Holt PE, Durdey P: Transanal endoscopic treatment of benign [91] Wellman ML, Hammer AS, DiBartola SP et al.: Lymphoma invol- canine rectal tumours: preliminary results in six cases (1992 to ving large granular lymphocytes in cats: 11 cases (1982–1991). J 1996). J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 423–427 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201:1265–1269 [16] Holt PE, Lucke VM: Rectal neoplasia in the dog: A clinicopathologi- [92] Williams LE, Pruitt AF, Thrall DE: Chemotherapy followed by cal review of 31 cases. Vet Rec. 1985; 116: 400–405 abdominal cavity irradiation for feline lymphoblastic lymphoma. Vet [17] Klein A, Scotti S, Hidalgo A et al.: Rectovaginal fistula following Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 681–687 colectomy with an end-to-end anastomosis stapler for a colorectal [93] Wilson HM: Feline alimentary lymphoma: demystifying the adenocarcinoma. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 751–753 enigma. Top Companion Anim Med. 2008; 23: 177–184 [18] Knottenbelt CM, Simpson JW, Tasker S et al.: Preliminary clinical [94] Vail DM, Moore AS, Ogilvie GK et al.: Feline lymphoma (145 observations on the use of piroxicam in the management of rectal cases): Proliferation indices, cluster of differentiation 3 immuno- tubulopapillary polyps. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41: 393–397 reactivity, and their association with prognosis in 90 cats. J Vet [19] Maas CP, ter Haar G, van der Gaag I et al.: Reclassification of small Intern Med. 1998; 12: 349–354 intestinal and cecal smooth muscle tumors in 72 dogs: clinical, his- [95] Zwahlen CH, Lucroy MD, Kraegel SA et al: Results of chemothe- tologic, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: rapy for cats with alimentary malignant lymphoma: 21 cases 302–313 (1993–1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 213: 1144–1149 [20] McEntee MF, Cates JM, Neilsen N: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in [96] Zwingenberger AL, Marks SL, Baker TW et al.: Ultrasonographic spontaneous intestinal neoplasia of domestic dogs. Vet Pathol. evaluation of the muscularis propria in cats with diffuse small intes- 2002; 39: 428–436 tinal lymphoma or inflammatory bowel disease. J Vet Intern Med. [21] McPherron MA, Withrow SJ, Seim HB et al.: Colorectal leiomyo- 2010; 24: 289–292 mas in seven dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1992; 28: 43–46 [22] Miettinen M, Lasota J: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors—definition, 19.6 Tumoren des Kolons und Rektums clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features and differential diagnosis. A review. Virchows Arch. 2001; [1] Anderson GI, McKeown DB, Partlow GD et al.: Rectal resection in 438: 1–12 the dog. A new surgical approach and the evaluation of its effect on [23] Miura T, Maruyama H, Sakai M et al.: Endoscopic findings on ali- fecal continence. Vet Surg. 1987; 16: 119–125 mentary lymphoma in 7 dogs. J Vet Med Sci. 2004; 66: 577–580 [2] Anson LW, Betts CW, Stone EA: A retrospective evaluation of the [24] Morello E, Martano M, Squassino C et al.: Transanal pull-through rectal pull-through technique. Procedure and postoperative compli- rectal amputation for treatment of colorectal carcinoma in 11 dogs. cations. Vet Surg. 1988; 17:141–146 Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 420–426 [3] Church EM, Mehlhaff CJ, Patnaik AK: Colorectal adenocarcinoma [25] Paoloni MC, Penninck DG, Moore AS: Ultrasonographic and clini- in dogs: 78 cases (1973–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 191: copathologic findings in 21 dogs with intestinal adenocarcinoma. 727–730 Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 562–567 [4] Cohen M, Post GS, Wright JC: Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma in [26] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Johnson GF: Canine gastrointestinal neo- 14 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 107–110 plasms. Vet Pathol. 1977; 14: 547–555 [5] Danova NA, Robles-Emanuelli JC, Bjorling DE: Surgical excision of [27] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Johnson GF: Canine gastrointestinal ade- primary canine rectal tumors by an anal approach in twenty-three nocarcinoma and carcinoid. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 149–163 dogs. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 337–340 [28] Pfeil C, Loupal G: Tumoren im Darmtrakt des Hundes. Zbl Vet Med [6] Doster AR, Yhee JY, Kim JH et al.: CDX-2 and HER-3 expression in A 1984; 31: 146–159 canine gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas. J Comp Pathol. 2011; 145: 12–19 [29] Rannou B, Hélie P, Bédard C: Rectal plasmacytoma with intracellu- lar hemosiderin in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 1181–1184 [7] Feeney DA, Klauser JS, Johnson GR: Chronic bowel obstruction caused by primary intestinal neoplasia: a report of five cases. J Am [30] Russell KN, Mehler SJ, Skorupski KA et al.: Clinical and immuno- Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: 67–76 histochemical differentiation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors from leiomyosarcomas in dogs: 42 cases (1990–2003). J Am Vet [8] Foy DS, Bach JF: Endoscopic polypectomy using endocautery in Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 1329–1333 three dogs and one cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2010; 46: 168–173

[31] Sato K, Hikasa Y, Morita T et al.: Secondary erythrocytosis associa- [11] Hayes HM, Wilson GP: Hormone dependent neoplasms of the ted with high plasma erythropoietin concentrations in a dog with canine perianal gland. Cancer Res. 1977; 37: 2068–2071 cecal leiomyosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 220: 486–490, [12] Hobson HP, Brown MR, Rogers KS: Surgery of metastatic anal sac 464 adenocarcinoma in five dogs. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 267–270 [32] Slawienski MJ, Mauldin GE, Mauldin GN et al.: Malignant colonic [13] Kessler M: Der klinische Fall – Analbeutelkarzinom mit Hyperkalz- neoplasia in cats: 46 cases (1990–1996). J Am Vet Med Assoc. ämie bei einer Hündin. Tierärztl Prax. 1995; 23: 436, 521–524 1997; 211: 878–881 [14] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Rasseprädispositionen und Geschlechts- [33] Stampley AR, Swayne DE, Prasse KW: Meningeal carcinomatosis verteilung bei 106 Hunden mit Analbeutelkarzinom. (unveröffent- secondary to a colonic signet-cell carcinoma in a dog. J Am Anim licht), 1997 Hosp Assoc. 1987; 23: 655–658 [15] Kessler M, Kühnel S: Das canine Analbeutelkarzinom – eine retro- [34] Swiderski J, Withrow S: A novel surgical stapling technique for rec- spektive Untersuchung bei 32 Patienten. (unveröffentlicht), 2011 tal mass removal: a retrospective analysis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [16] Kornberg M, Affolter V: Hyperkalzämie durch ein Analbeutelkarzi- 2009; 45: 67–71 nom. Kleintierprax. 1990; 35: 465–471 [35] Sykes GP, Cooper BJ: Canine intestinal carcinoids. Vet Pathol. 1982; [17] Liska WD, Withrow SJ: Cryosurgical treatment of perianal gland –

19: 120 131 Literaturverzeichnis adenomas in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1978; 14: 457–463 [36] Thompson JP, Christopher MM, Ellison GW et al.: Paraneoplastic [18] Mellanby RJ, Craig R, Evans H et al.: Plasma concentrations of leukocytosis associated with a rectal adenomatous polyp in a dog. J parathyroid hormone-related protein in dogs with potential disor- Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 737–738 ders of calcium metabolism. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub- [37] Tomlinson MJ, McKeever PJ, Nordine RA: Colonic adenocarcinoma med?term=%22Herrtage%20ME%22%5BAuthor%5DVet Rec. 2006; with cutaneous metastasis in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 159: 833–838 180: 1344–1345 [19] Mellanby RJ, Foale R, Friend E et al.: Anal sac adenocarcinoma in a [38] Turrel JM, Theon AP: Single high-dose irradiation for selected Siamese cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2002; 4: 205–207 canine rectal carcinomas. Vet Radiol. 1986; 27: 141–145 [20] Meuten DJ, Segre GV, Capen CC: Hypercalcemia in dogs with ade- [39] Valerius KD, Powers BE, McPherron MA et al.: Adenomatous polyps nocarcinoma derived from apocrine glands of the anal sac. Bioche- and carcinoma in situ of the canine colon and rectum: 34 cases mical and histomorphometric investigations. Lab Invest. 1983; 48: (1982–1994). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 156–160 428–435 [40] White RAS, Gorman NT: The clinical diagnosis and management of [21] Ogilvie GK, Moore AS: Managing the veterinary cancer patient. rectal and pararectal tumors in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1987; Veterinary Learning Systems Co. Trenton, 1995, S. 359 28: 87–107 [22] Parry NM: Anal sac gland carcinoma in a cat. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: [41] Wolf JC, Ginn PE, Homer B et al.: Immunohistochemical detection 1008–1009 of p53 tumor suppressor gene protein in canine epithelial colorectal [23] Petterino C, Martini M, Castagnaro M: Immunohistochemical tumors. Vet Pathol. 1997; 34: 394–404 detection of growth hormone (GH) in canine hepatoid gland [42] Yoon HY, Mann FA: Bilateral pubic and ischial osteotomy for surgi- tumors. J Vet Med Sci. 2004; 66: 569–572 cal management of caudal colonic and rectal masses in six dogs [24] Pisani G, Millanta F, Lorenzi D et al.: Androgen receptor expres- and a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232:1016–1020 sion in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic hepatoid glands in the dog. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 81: 231–236 19.7 Tumoren im Bereich des Afters [25] Polton G: Examining the heritability of anal sac gland carcinoma in [1] Bennett PF, DeNicola DB, Bonney P et al.: Canine anal sac adeno- cocker spaniels. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 57 carcinomas: clinical presentation and response to therapy. J Vet [26] Polton G: Anal sac gland carcinoma in cocker spaniels. Vet Rec. Intern Med. 2002; 16: 100–104 2007; 160: 244 [2] Berrocal A, Vos JH, van den Ingh TS et al.: Canine perineal [27] Polton GA, Brearley MJ: Clinical stage, therapy, and prognosis in tumours. Zbl Vet Med A. 1989; 36: 739–749 canine anal sac gland carcinoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 274–280 [3] Dow SW, Olsen PN, Rosychuck RAW et al.: Perianal adenomas [28] Polton GA, Brearley MJ, Green LM et al.: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. and hypertestosteronemia in a spayed bitch with pituitary-depen- gov/pubmed?term=%22Scase%20TJ%22%5BAuthor%5DExpression dent hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 1439– of E-cadherin in canine anal sac gland carcinoma and its association 1441 with survival. Vet Comp Oncol. 2007; 5: 232–238 [4] Emms SG: Anal sac tumours of the dog and their response to cyto- [29] Polton GA, Mowat V, Lee HC et al.: Breed, gender and neutering reductive surgery and chemotherapy. Aust Vet J. 2005; 83: 340– status of British dogs with anal sac gland carcinoma. Vet Comp 343 Oncol. 2006; 4: 125–131 [5] Esplin DG, Wilson SR, Hullinger GA: Squamous cell carcinoma of [30] Preziosi R, Della Salda L, Ricci A et al.: Quantification of nucleolar the anal sac in five dogs. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 332–334 organiser regions in canine perianal gland tumours. Res Vet Sci. – [6] Farris HE, Fraunfelder FT, Firth CH: Cryosurgical treatment of 1995; 58: 277 281 canine perianal gland adenomas. Canine Pract. 1976; 3: 34–37 [31] Rijnberk A, Elsinghorst AM, Koeman JP: Pseudohyperparathyreoi- [7] Frese K, Durchfeld D, Eskens U: Klassifikation und biologisches dism associated with perirectal adenocarcinomas in elderly female – Verhalten der Haut- und Mammatumoren von Hund und Katze. dogs. Tijdschr Diergeneesk. 1978; 103: 1069 1075 Prakt Tierarzt. 1989; 70: 69–82 [32] Rohrer-Bley C, Stankeova S, Sumova A et al.: Perianaldrüsenkarzi- [8] Ganguly A, Wolfe LG: Canine perianal gland carcinoma-associated nom-Metastasen bei einem Hund: Palliative Tumortherapie. Schweiz – antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies. Hybridoma (Larchmt). Arch Tierheilkd. 2003; 145: 89 94 2006; 25: 10–14 [33] Ross JT, Scavelli TD, Matthiesen DT et al.: Adenocarcinoma of the [9] Gillette EL: Radiation therapy of canine and feline tumors. J Am apocrine glands of the anal sac in dogs: a review of 32 cases. J Am – Anim Hosp Assoc. 1976; 12: 359–362 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991, 27: 349 355 [10] Hause WR, Stevenson S, Meuten DJ et al.: Pseudohyperparathy- [34] Rosol TJ, Capen CC, Danks JA et al.: Identification of parathyroid reoidism associated with adenocarcinomas of anal sac origin in four hormone-related protein in canine apocrine adenocarcinoma of the – dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 373–379 anal sac. Vet Pathol. 1990; 27: 89 95

[35] Shoieb AM, Hanshaw DM: Anal sac gland carcinoma in 64 cats in [14] Chang Y, Thompson H, Reed N et al.: Clinical and magnetic reso- the United Kingdom (1995–2007). Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 677–683 nance imaging features of nasopharyngeal lymphoma in two cats [36] Vail DM, Withrow SJ, Schwarz PD et al.: Perianal adenocarcinoma with concurrent intracranial mass. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: in the canine male: a retrospective study of 41 cases. J Am Anim 678–681 Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 329–334 [15] Ching SV, Gillette SM, Powers BE et al.: Radiation-induced ocular [37] Vos JH, van den Ingh TS, Ramaekers FC et al.: The expression of injury in the dog: a histological study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. keratins, vimentin, neurofilament proteins, smooth muscle actin, 1990; 19: 321–328 neuron-specific enolase, and synaptophysin in tumors of the speci- [16] Clercx C, Wallon J, Gilbert S et al.: Imprint and brush cytology in fic glands in the canine anal region. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 352–361 the diagnosis of canine intranasal tumours. J Small Anim Pract. [38] White RAS, Gorman NT: The clinical diagnosis and management of 1996; 37: 423–427 rectal and pararectal tumors in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1987; [17] Codner EC, Lurus AG, Miller JB et al.: Comparison of computed 28: 87–107 tomography with radiography as a noninvasive diagnostic tech- [39] Williams LE, Gliatto JM, Dodge RK et al.: Carcinoma of the apo- nique for chronic nasal disease in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; crine glands of the anal sac in dogs: 113 cases (1985–1995). J Am 202: 1106–1110 Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 223: 825–831 [18] Colin PH: Concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Theoreti- [40] Wilson GP, Hayes HM: Castration for treatment of perianal gland cal basis and clinical experience. Anticancer Res. 1994; 14: 2357– adenomas in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 174: 1301–1303 2362 [41] Wright ZM, Fryer JS, Calise DV et al.: Carboplatin chemotherapy [19] Correa SS, Mauldin GN, Mauldin G et al.: Efficacy of Cobalt-60 in a cat with a recurrent anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma. J radiation therapy for the treatment of nasal cavity nonkeratinizing Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2010; 46: 66–69 squamous cell carcinoma in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 86–89 [20] Couto CG: Advances in the treatment of the cat with lymphoma in 20 Tumoren des Respirationstrakts practice. J Feline Med Surg. 2000; 2: 95–100 [21] Couto, CG, Boudrieau RJ, Zanjani ED: Tumor-associated erythrocy- 20.1 Tumoren der Nasenhöhle und Nasennebenhöhlen tosis in a dog with nasal fibrosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1989; 3: 183–185 [1] Adams WM, Kleiter MM, Thrall DE et al.: Prognostic significance [22] Cox NR, Brawner WR, Powers RD et al.: Tumors of the nose and of tumor histology and computed tomographic staging for radia- paranasal sinuses in cats: 32 cases with comparison to national tion treatment response of canine nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultra- database (1977–1987). J Am Anim Hops Assoc. 1991; 27: 339–347 sound. 2009; 50: 330–335 [23] Cox NR, Power RD: Olfactory neuroblastomas in two cats. Vet [2] Adams WM, Bjorling DE, McAnulty JE et al.: Outcome of accelera- Pathol. 1989; 26: 341–343 ted radiotherapy alone or accelerated radiotherapy followed by exenteration of the nasal cavity in dogs with intranasal neoplasias: [24] Day MJ, Henderson SM, Belshaw Z et al.: An immunohistochemi- 53 cases (1990–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 936–941 cal investigation of 18 cases of feline nasal lymphoma. J Comp Pathol. 2004; 130: 152–161 [3] Adams WM, Miller PE, Vail DM et al.: An accelerated technique for irradiation of malignant canine nasal and paranasal sinus [25] Demko JL, Cohn LA: Chronic nasal discharge in cats: 75 cases – – tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 475–481 (1993 2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 1032 1037 [4] Adams WM, Withrow SJ, Walshaw R et al.: Radiotherapy of [26] Detweiler DA, Johnson LR, Kass PH et al.: Computed tomographic – malignant nasal tumors in 67 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; evidence of bulla effusion in cats with sinonasal disease: 2001 – 191: 311–315 2004. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1080 1084 [5] Agthe P, Caine AR, Gear RN et al.: Prognostic significance of speci- [27] Drees R, Forrest LJ, Chappell R: Comparison of computed tomo- fic magnetic resonance imaging features in canine nasal tumours graphy and magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of – treated by radiotherapy. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 641–648 canine intranasal neoplasia. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 334 340 [6] Allen HS, Broussard J, Noone K: Nasopharyngeal diseases in cats: a [28] Dungworth DL, Hauser B, Hahn FF et al.: Classification of tumors retrospective study of 53 cases (1991–1998). J Am Anim Hosp of the respiratory system of domestic animals, 2nd series, vol. VI, S. – Assoc. 1999; 35: 457–461 16 21. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, 1999 [7] Anderson GM, Lane I, Fischer J et al.: Hypercalcaemia and para- [29] Elmslie RE, Ogilvie GK, Gilette EL et al.: Radiotherapy with and thyroid hormone-related protein in a dog with undifferentiated without chemotherapy for localized lymphoma in 10 cats. Vet – nasal carcinoma. Can Vet J. 1999; 40: 341–342 Radiol. 1991; 32: 277 280 [8] Avner A, Dobson JM, Sales JI et al.: Retrospective review of 50 [30] Evans SM, Hendrick M: Radiotherapy of feline nasal tumors: a – canine nasal tumours evaluated by low-field magnetic resonance retrospective study of nine cases. Vet Radiol. 1989; 30: 128 132 imaging. J Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 233–239 [31] Evans SM, Goldschmidt M, McKee LJ et al.: Prognostic factors and [9] Beck ER, Withrow SJ: Tumors of the canine nasal cavity. Vet Clin survival after radiotherapy for intranasal neoplasms in dogs: 70 – – North Am Small Anim Pract. 1985; 15: 521–533 cases (1974 1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 1460 1463 [10] Borzacchiello G, Paciello O, Papparella S: Expression of cyclooxy- [32] Evans SM, Hendrick M: Radiotherapy of feline nasal tumors. Vet – genase-1 and -2 in canine nasal carcinomas. J Comp Pathol. 2004; Radiol. 1986; 30: 128 132 131: 70–76 [33] Gieger T, Rassnick K, Siegel S et al.: Palliation of clinical signs in 48 [11] Boswald KL, Kessel AE, Lucy RJ: Squamous cell carcinoma with sar- dogs with nasal carcinomas treated with coarse-fraction radiation – comatous stroma in the nasal cavity of a dog. Aust Vet J. 2004; 82: therapy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 116 123 553–555 [34] Hahn KA, Knapp DW, Richardson RC et al.: Clinical response of [12] Bradley PA, Harvey CE: Intranasal tumors in the dog: an evaluation nasal adenocarcinoma to cisplatin chemotherapy in 11 dogs. J Am – of prognosis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 25: 103–114 Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 355 357 [13] Capucchio MT, Lotti D, Cornaglia E et al.: Histological and immu- [35] Hahn KA, Matlock CL: Nasal adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone – nohistochemical study of a neuroblastoma in a dog. Clin Neuropa- in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 491 494 thol. 2003; 22: 176–179

[36] Haney SM, Beaver L, Turrel J et al.: Survival analysis of 97 cats [58] Langova V, Mutsaers AJ, Phillips B et al.: Treatment of eight dogs with nasal lymphoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study with nasal tumours with alternating doses of doxorubicin and car- (1986–2006). J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 287–294 boplatin in conjunction with oral piroxicam. Aust Vet J. 2004; 82: [37] Hänichen T, Schiefer B: Morphology and incidence of primary 676–680 tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in dogs and cats. Z [59] Lawrence TS, Blackstone AW, McGinn C: The mechansism of Krebsforsch. 1968; 71: 255–266 action of radiosensitization of conventional chemotherapeutic [38] Hara K, Shimada A, Morita T et al.: Olfactory neuroepithelioma in agents. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2003; 13: 13–21 a dog: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. J [60] LeBlanc AK, LaDue TA, Turrel JM et al.: Unexpected toxicity Vet Med Sci. 2002; 64: 391–393 following use of gemcitabine as a radiosensitizer in head and neck [39] Hayes HM Jr, Wilson GP, Fraumeni HF Jr: Carcinoma of the nasal carcinomas: a veterinary radiation therapy oncology group pilot cavity and paranasal sinuses in dogs: Descriptive epidemiology. Cor- study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 466–470 nell Vet. 1982; 72: 168–179 [61] Lecoindre P, Bergeaud P: Diagnostic des affections naso-sinusales: [40] Henderson SM, Bradley K, Day MJ et al.: Investigation of nasal intérêt de la rhinoscopie. Etude rétrospective de 324 cas. Prat Med disease in the cat – a retrospective study of 77 cases. J Feline Med Chirur Anim Comp. 2003; 38: 263–275 –

Surg. 2004; 6: 245 257 [62] Lefebvre J, Kuehn NF, Wortinger A: Computed tomography as an Literaturverzeichnis [41] Henry CJ, Brewer WG Jr, Tyler JW et al.: Survival in dogs with aid in the diagnosis of chronic nasal disease in dogs. J Small Anim nasal adenocarcinoma: 64 cases (1981–1995). J Vet Intern Med. Pract. 2005; 46: 280–285 1998; 12: 436–439 [63] Legendre AM: Canine nasal and paranasal sinus tumors. J Am Anim [42] Hicks DG, Fidel JL: Intranasal malignant melanoma in a dog. J Am Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 115–123 Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 472–476 [64] Lent SE, Hawkins EC: Evaluation of rhinoscopy and rhinoscopy- [43] Hoerlein BF, Evans LE: Clinical diagnosis and surgical removal of assisted mucosal biopsy in diagnosis of nasal disease in dogs: 119 nasal tumors in the dog. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1962; 2: 65–73 cases (1985–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 1425–1429 [44] Hunacharek M, Kupelnick B: Combined chemoradiation versus [65] Little L, Patel R, Goldschmidt M: Nasal and nasopharyngeal lym- radiation therapy alone in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carci- phoma in cats: 50 cases (1989–2005). Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 885– noma. Results of a meta-analysis of 1,528 patients from six rand- 892 omized trials. Am J Clin Oncol. 2002; 25: 219–223 [66] Louwerens ML, London CA, Pedersen NC et al.: Feline lymphoma [45] Jamieson VE, Davidson MG, Naisse MP et al.: Ocular complica- in the post-feline leukaemia virus era. J Vet Int Med. 2005; 19: 329– tions following Cobalt 60 radiotherapy of neoplasms in the head 335 region. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: 51–55 [67] Lucroy MD, Long KR, Blaik MA et al.: Photodynamic therapy for [46] Kaldrymidou E, Papaioannou N, Poutahidis T et al.: Malignant the treatment of intranasal tumors in 3 dogs and 1 cat. J Vet Intern lymphoma in nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of a dog. J Vet Med Med. 2003; 17: 727–729 A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2000; 478: 457–462 [68] MacEwen EG, Withrow SJ, Patnaik AK: Nasal tumors in the dog: [47] Kinzel S, Hein S, Stopinski T et al.: Hypofractionated radiation the- retrospective evaluation of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. J rapy for the treatment of malignant melanoma and squamous cell Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977; 170: 45–48 carcinoma in dogs and cats. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. [69] Madewell BR, Priester WA, Gillette EL et al.: Neoplasms of the 2003; 116: 134–138 nasal passages and paranasal sinuses in domesticated animals as [48] Kitagawa M, Okada M, Yamamura K et al.: Diagnosis of olfactory reported by 13 veterinary colleges. Am J Vet Res. 1976; 37: 851– neuroblastoma in a dog by magnetic resonance imaging. Vet Rec. 856 2006;159: 288–289 [70] Mellanby RJ, Stevenson RK, Herrtage ME et al.: Long-term out- [49] Kleiter M, Malarkey DE, Ruslander DE et al.: Expression of cyclo- come of 56 dogs with nasal tumours treated with four doses of oxygenase-2 in canine epithelial nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultra- radiation at intervals of seven days. Vet Rec. 2002; 151: 253–257 sound. 2004; 45: 255–260 [71] McEntee MC: A survey of veterinary radiation facilities in the United [50] Klueter S, Krastel D, Ludewig E et al.: High-dose rate brachythe- States during 2001. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 476–479 rapy for intranasal tumours in dogs: results of a pilot study. Vet [72] McEntee MC, Page RI, Heidner GL et al.: Factors influencing survi- Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 218–231 val after radiotherapy of nasal tumors in 130 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultra- [51] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, Bonney PL et al.: Cisplatin therapy in sound. 1999; 32: 135–139 41 dogs with malignant tumors. J Vet Int Med. 1988; 2: 41–46 [73] Meyer W: The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In: Thrall D [52] Koestner A, Bilzer T, Fatzer R et al.: Tumors of neuroepithelial tis- (Hrsg.): Veterinary Diagnostic Radiology. WB Saunders Co, Philadel- sue. Histological classification of tumors of the nervous system of phia 1994 domestical animals. 2. Aufl, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, [74] Moore MP, Gavin PR, Kraft SL et al.: MR, CT and clinical features Washington, D.C., USA, 1999; 24 from four dogs with nasal tumors involving the rostral cerebrum. [53] LaDue TA, Dodge RD, Page RL et al. : Factors influencing survival Vet Radiol. 1991; 32: 19–25 after radiotherapy of nasal tumors in 130 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultra- [75] Morris JS, Dunn KJ, Dobson JM et al.: Radiological assessment of sound. 1999; 40: 312–317 severity of canine nasal tumors and relationship with survival. J [54] Laing EJ, Binnington AG: Surgical therapy of canine nasal tumors. Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 1–6 A retrospective study (1982–1986). Can Vet J. 1988; 29: 803–813 [76] Morris JS, Dunn KJ, Dobson JM et al.: Effects of radiotherapy alone [55] Lamb CR, Richbell S, Mantis P: Radiographic signs in cats with and surgery and radiotherapy on survival of dogs with nasal tumors. nasal disease. J Feline Med Surg. 2003; 5: 227–235 J Small Anim Pract. 1994; 35: 567–573 [56] Lana SE, Dernell WS, Lafferty MH et al.: Use of radiation and [77] Morrison T, Read R, Eger C: A retrospective study of nasal tumors slow-release cisplatin formulation for treatment of canine nasal in 37 dogs. Aust Vet Pract. 1989; 19: 130–134 tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 577–581 [78] Moore AS: Treatment of feline lymphoma. Feline Pract. 1996; 24: [57] Lana SE, Dernell WS, LauRue SM et al.: Slow release cisplatin com- 17–20 bined with radiation for the treatment of canine nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1997; 38: 474–478

[79] Mukaratirwa S, van der Linde-Sipman JS, Gruys E: Feline nasal [101] Saunders JH, van Bree H, de Rooster H: Diagnostic value of com- and paranasal sinus tumors: Clinicopathological study, histomor- puted tomography in dogs with chronic nasal disease. Vet Radiol phological description and diagnostic immunohistochemistry of Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 409–413 123 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2001; 3: 235–245 [102] Schoenborn WC, Wisner ER, Kass PP et al.: Retrospective assess- [80] Naganobu K, Ogawa H, Uchida K et al.: Mast cell tumor in the ment of computed tomographic imaging of feline sinonasal disease nasal cavity of a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2000; 62: 1009–1011 in 62 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 185–195 [81] Norris AM: Intranasal neoplasm in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [103] Schrenzel MD, Higgins RJ, Hinrichs SH et al.: Type C retroviral 1979; 15: 231–236 expression in spontaneous feline olfactory neuroblastomas. Acta [82] Northrup NC, Etue SM, Ruslander DM et al.: Retrospective study Neuropathol. 1990; 80: 547–53 of orthovoltage radiation therapy for nasal tumors in 42 dogs. J Vet [104] Schwietzer A., Kandel B, Kessler M: Palliative 60Cobalt-Bestrah- Int Med. 2001; 15: 183–189 lung bei Hunden mit weit fortgeschrittenen Tumoren der Nasen- [83] OʼBrien RT, Evans SM, Wortman JA et al.: Radiographic findings in und Nasennebenhöhlen. Kleintierprax 2005; 50: 145–151 cats with intranasal neoplasia or chronic rhinitis: 29 cases (1982– [105] Schwietzer A, Kessler M, Kandel-Tschiederer B: Palliative Therapie 1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 385–389 intranasaler Tumoren des Hundes mit hypofraktionierter Cobalt60– [84] Moore AS, Oglivie GK: Nasal tumors. In: Ogilvie GK, Moore AS Bestrahlung und Carboplatin Chemotherapie. Tierärztl Prax. 2012; (Hrsg): Feline Oncology. Veterinary Learning Sytems. Trenton, NJ: 40, 333–340 2001: 369–374 [106] Sfiligoi G, Theon AP, Kent MS: Response of nineteen cats with [85] Ogilvie GK, Morre AS, Obradovich JE et al.: Toxicosis and efficacy nasal lymphoma to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Vet Radiol associated with the adminiatration of mitoxantrone to cats with Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 388–393 mailgnant tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1839–1844 [107] Smith MO, Turrel JM, Bailey CS et al.: Neurologic abnormalities as [86] Owen LN: TNM Classification of tumors of in domestic animals. the predominant signs of neoplasia of the nasal cavity in dogs and Geneva: World Health Organization, 1999 cats: seven cases (1973–1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 242–245 [87] Papazoglou LG, Koutinas AF, Pleraki AG et al.: Primary intranasal transmissible venereal tumour in the dog: a retrospective study of [108] Straw RC, Withrow SJ, Gilette EL et al.: Use of radiotherapy for six spontaneous cases. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2001; the treatment of intranasal tumors in cats: Six cases (1980–1985). J 48: 391–400 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 89: 927–929 [88] Park RD, Beck ER, LeCouteur RA: Comparison of computed tomo- [109] Tasker S, Knottenbelt CM, Munro EA et al.: Aetiology and diagno- graphy and radiography for detecting changes induced by malig- sis of persistent nasal disease in the dog: a retrospective study of 42 nant nasal neoplasia in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 473–478 1720–1724 [110] Taylor SS, Goodfellow MR, Browne WJ et al.: Feline extranodal [89] Patnaik AK: Canine sinonasal neoplasms: clinicopathological study lymphoma: response to chemotherapy and survival in 110 cats. J of 285 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 25: 102–114 Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 584–592 [90] Patnaik AK, Lieberman PH, Erlandson RA et al.: Canine sinonasal [111] Teske E, van Straten G, van Noort R et al.: Chemotherapy with skeletal neoplasms: chondrosarcomas and osteosarcomas. Vet cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (COP) in cats with Pathol. 1984; 21: 475–482 malignant lymphoma: new results with an old protocol. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 179–186 [91] Petite AF, Dennis R: Comparison of radiography and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the extent of nasal neoplasia in [112] Theon A, Peaston AE, Madewell BR et al.: Irradiation of nonlym- dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 529–536 phoproliferative neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in 16 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 204: 78–83 [92] Popovitch CA, Weinstein MJ, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Chondrosar- coma: a retrospective study of 97 dogs (1987–1990). J Am Anim [113] Theon AP, Madewell BR, Harb MF et al.: Megavoltage irradiation Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 81–85 of neoplasms of the nasal and paranasal cavities in 77 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1469–1475 [93] Rassnick KM, Goldkamp CE, Erb HN et al.: Evaluation of factors associated with survival in dogs with untreated nasal carcinomas: [114] Thrall DE, McEntee MC, Novotney C et al.: A boost technique of 139 cases (1993–2003). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 401–406 malignant canine nasal tumors. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1993; 34: 295–300 [94] Reetz JA, Muravnick KB, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Computed tomographic evaluation of anatomic and pathologic variations in [115] Thrall DE, Heidner GL, Novotney CA et al.: Failure patterns follow- the feline nasal septum and paranasal sinuses. Vet Radiol Ultra- ing cobalt irradiation in dogs with nasal carcinoma. Vet Radiol Ultra- sound. 2006; 47: 321–327 sound. 1993; 34: 126–133 [95] Reif JS, Bruns C, Lower KS: Cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal [116] Thrall DE, Robertson ID, McLeod DA et al.: A comparison of radio- sinuses and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in pet dogs. graphic and computed tomographic findings in 31 dogs with malig- Am J Epidemiol. 1998; 147: 488–492 nant nasal cavity tumors. Vet Radiol. 1989; 30: 59–66 [96] Reif JS, Cohen D: The environmental distribution of canine respira- [117] Thrall DE, Harvey CE: Radiotherapy of malignant nasal tumors in tory tract neoplasms. Arch Environ Health. 1971; 22: 136–140 21 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 183: 663–666 [97] Rogers KS, Walker MA, Helman RG: Squamous cell carcinoma of [118] Tromblee TC, Jones JC, Etue AE et al.: Association between clinical the canine nasal cavity and frontal sinus. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. characteristics, computed tomography characteristics, and histolo- 1996; 32:103–110 gic diagnosis for cats with sinonasal disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 241–248 [98] Russo M, Lamb CR, Jakovljevic S: Distinguishing rhinitis and nasal neoplasia by radiography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 118– [119] Ueno H, Kobayashi Y, Yamada K: Olfactory esthesioneuroblastoma 124 treated with orthovoltage radiotherapy in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2007; 85: 271–275 [99] Sako T, Shimoyama Y, Akihara Y et al.: Neuroendocrine carcinoma in the nasal cavity of ten dogs. J Comp Pathol. 2005; 133: 155–163 [120] Turek MM, Lana SE : Canine nasosinal tumors. In Withrow SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg): Withrow & MacEwensʼs Small Animal Clinical Oncology. [100] Sapierzynski R, Zmudzka M: Endoscopy and histopathology in the 4. Aufl. St.Louis: Saunders; 2007: 525–539 examination of the nasal cavity in dogs. Pol J Vet Sci. 2009; 12: 195–201

[121] Willard MD, Radlinsky MA: Endoscopic examination of the choa- [23] Hill JE, Mahaffey EA, Farrell RL: Tracheal carcinoma in a dog. J nae in dogs and cats: 118 cases (1988–1998). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Comp Pathol. 1987; 97: 705–707 1999; 215: 1301–1305 [24] Holt TL, Mann FA: Soft tissue application of lasers. Vet Clin North [122] Yoon JH, Feeney DA, Jessen CR et al.: External-beam Co-60 radio- Am Small Anim Pract. 2002; 32: 569–599 therapy for canine nasal tumors: a comparison of survival by treat- [25] Jakubiak MJ, Siedlecki CT, Zenger E et al.: Laryngeal, laryngotra- ment protocol. Res Vet Sci. 2008; 84: 140–149 cheal, and tracheal masses in cats: 27 cases (1998–2003). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 310–316 20.2 Tumoren des Larynx und der Trachea [26] Kneller SK: Larynx, pharynx and trachea. In: Thrall DE (Hrsg.): Text- book of veterinary diagnostic radiology. 5. Aufl., Saunders St. Louis [1] Ackerman LJ: Dermatologic applications of radio-wave surgery 2007; 489–494 (radiosurgery). Comp Cont Educ Small Anim. 1997; 19: 463–471 [27] Lobetti RG, Williams MC: Anaplastic tracheal squamous cell carci- [2] Aron DN, DeVries R, Short CE: Primary tracheal chondrosarcoma noma in a cat. J South Afr Vet Assoc. 1992; 63: 132–133 in a dog: A case report with description of surgical and anesthetic techniques. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1980; 16: 31–37 [28] Lopez NA: The basics of soft tissue laser surgery. Vet Med. 2002; 4: 294–301 [3] Besancon MF, Stacy BA, Kyles AE et al.: Nodular immunocyte- derived (AL) amyloidosis in the trachea of a dog. J Am Vet Med [29] Ludwig LL: Surgical emergencies of the respiratory system. Vet Clin Literaturverzeichnis – Assoc. 2004; 224: 1302–1306 North Am Small Anim Pract. 2000; 30: 531 553 [4] Bjorling D, McAnulty J: Surgically treatable upper respiratory dis- [30] Mahler SP, MooToo NFA, Reece JLM et al.: Surgical resection of a orders. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2000; 30: 1227–1251 primary tracheal fibrosarcoma in a dog. J Sm Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 537–540 [5] Black AP, Liu S, Randolph JF: Primary tracheal leiomyoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 179: 905–907 [31] Meuten DJ, Calderwood Mays MB, Dillman RC et al.: Canine laryngeal rhabdomyoma. Vet Pathol 1985; 22: 533–539 [6] Brodey RS, O’Brien J, Berg P et al.: Osteosarcoma of the upper airway in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1969; 155: 1460–1464 [32] Newell SM, Mahaffey MB, Roberts RE et al.: Laryngeal adenocarcinoma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1994; 35: 217–220 [7] Brown EM, Rademacher N, Gieger TL et al.: What is your diagno- ’ sis? Tracheal lymphoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010; 236: 953–954 [33] O Hara AJ, McConnell M, Wyatt K et al.: Laryngeal rhabdomyoma in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2001; 79: 817–821 [8] Brown MR, Rogers KS, Mansell KJ et al.: Primary intratracheal lymphosarcoma in four cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: [34] Pass DA, Huxtable CR, Cooper BJ et al.: Canine laryngeal oncocy- – 468–472 tomas. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 672 677 [9] Brown MR, Rogers KS: Primary tracheal tumors in dogs and cats. [35] Rossi G, Magi GE, Tarantino C et al.: Tracheobronchial neuro- – Comp Cont Educ Small Anim. 2003; 25: 854–860 endocrine carcinoma in a cat. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 137: 165 168 [10] Bryan RD, Frame RW, Kier AB: Tracheal leiomyoma in a dog. J Am [36] Rossi G, Tarantino C, Taccini E et al.: Granular cell tumor affecting – Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178: 1069–1070 the left vocal cord in a dog. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 74 78 [11] Carlisle CH, Biery DN, Thrall DE: Tracheal and laryngeal tumors in [37] Rudorf H, Brown P: Ultrasonography of laryngeal masses in six cats – the dog and cat: Literature review and 13 additional patients. Vet and one dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 430 434 Radiol. 1991; 32: 229–235 [38] Saik JE, Toll SL, Diters RW et al.: Canine and feline laryngeal neo- – [12] Chaffin K, Cross AR, Allen SW et al.: Extramedullary plasmacy- plasia: A 10-year survey. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1986; 22: 359 365 toma in the trachea of a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc.1998; 212: [39] Schwartz P, Bellah JR, Wolfersteig D: What is your diagnosis? Pri- 1579–1581 mary tracheal tumor. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 226: 1299–1300 [13] Clifford CA, Sorenmo KU: Tumors of the larynx and trachea. In [40] Sessons RB, Harrison LB, Forastierre AA: Tumors of the larynx and King LG (Hrsg.): Textbook of respiratory disease in dogs and cats. hypolarynx. In: DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (Hrsg.): Cancer: Saunders 2004, St. Louis, 339–345 Principles and practice of oncology. Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia, [14] Culp WTN, Weisse C, Cole SG et al.: Intraluminal stenting for 1997 treatment of tracheal narrowing in three cats. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: [41] Sheaffer KA, Dillon AR: Obstructive tracheal mass due to an 107–113 inflammatory polyp in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: 431 [15] Essman S, Wells K: What is your diagnosis? A sharply marginated [42] Stepnik MW, Mehl ML, Hardie EM et al.: Outcome of permanent soft-tissue mass occluding the lumen of the cervical region of the tracheostomy for treatment of upper airway obstruction in cats: 21 trachea with possible involvement of the esophagus. J Am Vet Med cases (1990–2007). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 234: 638–643 Assoc. 2002; 220: 451–452 [43] Tasker S, Foster DJ, Corcoran BM et al.: Obstructive inflammatory [16] Gonzalez JL, Rollan E, Garcia P et al.: Laryngeal adenocarcinoma in laryngeal disease in three cats. J Feline Med Surg. 1999; 1: 53–59 a dog. J Sm Anim Pract. 1993; 34: 146–148 [44] Taylor SS, Goodfellow MR, Browne WJ et al.: Feline extranodal [17] Griffon DJ: Upper airway obstruction in cats: Diagnosis and treat- lymphoma: response to chemotherapy and survival in 110 cats. J ment. Comp Cont Educ Small Anim. 2000; 22: 897–908 Sm Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 584–592 [18] Griffon DJ: Upper airway obstruction in cats: Pathogenesis and cli- [45] Taylor SS, Harvey AM, Barr FJ et al.: Laryngeal disease in cats: a nical signs. Comp Cont Educ Small Anim. 2000; 22: 822–830 retrospective study of 35 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 954– [19] Guenther-Yenke CL, Rozanski EA: Tracheostomy in cats: 23 cases 962 (1998–2006). J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: 451–457 [46] Weigand K, Gerhards H, Köstlin R: Einsatzmöglichkeiten der [20] Hahn KA, Anderson TE: Tumors of the respiratory tract. In: Bona- Laserchirurgie in der Tiermedizin. Teil 3: Laseranwendungen: Litera- – gura JD (Hrsg.): Kirk’s current veterinary therapy XIII. WB Saunders, turübersicht und eigene Erfahrungen. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 289 Philadelphia 2000; 500–505 302 [21] Harvey HJ, Sykes G: Tracheal mast cell tumor in a dog. J Am Vet [47] Weigt AK, McCracken MD, Krahwinkel DJ: Extramedullary plas- Med Assoc. 1982; 180: 1097–1100 macytoma in the canine trachea: case report and literature review. Comp Cont Educ Small Anim. 2001; 23: 143–152 [22] Hayes AM, Hayes AM, Gregory SP et al.: Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the canine larynx. J Sm Anim Pract. 2007; 48: [48] Wheeldon EB, Suter PF, Jenkins T: Neoplasia of the larynx in the – 228–291 dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 180: 642 647

[49] Withrow SJ, Holmberg DL, Rosychuck RA et al.: Treatment of a [21] Fox LE, King RR: Cancers of the respiratory system. In Morrison WB tracheal osteochondroma with an overlapping end-to-end tracheal (Hrsg.): Cancer in Dogs and Cats. Jackson, 2002, Teton NewMedia: anastomosis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1978; 14: 469–473 505–509 [22] Gottfried SD, Popovitch CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Metastatic 20.3 Lungentumoren und digital carcinoma in the cat: a retrospective study of 36 cats (1992– 20.4 Lymphomatoide Granulomatose 1998). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 501–509 [23] Gourley IM, Gregory CR: Pneumektomie. In Gourley IM, Gregory [1] Ballegeer EA, Forrest LJ, Stepien RL: Radiographic appearance of CR (Hrsg.): Atlas der Weichteiloperationen bei Hund und Katze. bronchoalveolar carcinoma in nine cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. Schlütersche, Hannover, 1993, 10.4–10.5 2002; 43: 267–271 [24] Grierson JM, Burton CA: Hypertrophic osteopathy secondary to [2] Barr FJ, Gibbs C, Brown PJ: The radiological features of primary pulmonary sarcoma in a cat. Vet Comp Oncol. 2003; 1: 227–231 lung tumours in the dog: a review of thirty-six cases. J Small Anim [25] Hahn FF, Muggenburg BA, Griffith WC: Primary lung neoplasia in Pract. 1986; 27: 493–505 a beagle colony. Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 633–638 [3] Bauer TG: Lung biopsy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2000; [26] Hahn KA, Anderson TE: Tumors of the respiratory tract. In: Bona- 30: 1207–1225 gura JD (Hrsg.): Kirkʼs Current Veterinary Therapy XIII Small Animal [4] Bergman PJ: Paraneoplastic syndromes. In: Withrow SJ, Vail DM Practice. Saunders Company Philadelphia 2000, 500–504 (Hrsg.): Small Animal Clinical Oncology. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis [27] Hahn KA, McEntee MF: Prognosis factors for survival in cats after 2007, 88–89 removal of a primary lung tumor: 21 cases (1979–1994). Vet Surg. [5] Bernard F, Kudnig ST, Monnet E: Hemodynamic effects of inter- 1998; 27: 307–311 pleural lidocaine and bupivicaine combination in anesthetized dogs [28] Hahn KA, McEntee MF: Primary lung tumors in cats: 86 cases with and without an open pericardium. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 252– (1979–1994). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 211: 1257–1260 258 [29] Hammer AS, Couto CG: Adjuvant chemotherapy for sarcomas and [6] Berry CR, Moore PF, Thomas WP et al.: Pulmonary lymphomatoid carcinomas. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1990; 20: 1015– granulomatosis in seven dogs (1976–1987). J Vet Int Med. 1990; 4: 1036 157–166 [30] Hammond EC, Auerbach O, Kirman D et al.: Effects of cigarette [7] Bertazzola W, Zuliani D, Pogliani E et al.: Diffuse bronchiolo- smoking on dogs. CA Cancer J Clin. 1971; 21: 78–94 alveolar carcinoma in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 265–268 [31] Hayes A, Scase T, Miller J et al.: COX-1 and COX-2 expression in [8] Bettini G, Morini M, Marconato L et al: Association between envi- feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Comp Pathol. 2006; 135: 93– ronmental dust exposure and lung cancer in dogs. Vet J. 2010; 186: 99 364–369 [32] Jacobs TM, Tomlinson MJ: The lung-digit syndrome in a cat. Fel [9] Bolln G, Schmidt C, Nickel R: Endoskopische partielle Perikardekto- Pract. 1997; 25: 31–36 mie: Eine retrospektive Studie von sieben Fällen (2003–2005) mit Literaturübersicht. Kleintierprax. 2006; 51: 133–142 [33] Johnson VS, Ramsey IK, Thompson H et al.: Thoracic high-resolution computed tomography in the diagnosis of metastatic carci- [10] Brisson BA, Reggeti F, Bienzle D: Portal site metastasis of invasive noma. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 134–143 mesothelioma after diagnostic thoracoscopy in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 980–983 [34] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell M, Kandel B: Röntgenologische Erschei- nungsformen primärer Lungentumoren bei der Katze. Eine retro- [11] Brodey RS, Craig PG: Primary pulmonary neoplasms in the dog: A spektive Untersuchung von 48 Fällen. Tierärztl Prax. 2007; 35(K), review of 29 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1965; 147: 1628–1643 47–54 [12] Clements DN, Hogan AM, Cave TA: Treatment of a well differentia- [35] Knottenbelt C, Chambers G, Gault E et al.: The in vitro effects of ted pulmonary adenocarcinoma in a cat by pneumonectomy and piroxicam and meloxicam on canine cell lines. J Small Anim Pract. adjuvant mitoxantrone chemotherapy. J Feline Med Surg. 2004; 6: 2006; 47: 14–20 199–205 [36] Koblik PD: Radiographic appearance of primary lung tumors in [13] Corr SA, Blackwood L: What is your diagnosis? Pulmonary tumor cats. A review of 41 cases. Vet Radiol. 1986; 27: 66–73 (carcinoma) with digital metastases. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 240 [37] Kovak JR, Ludwig LL, Bergman PJ et al.: Use of thoracoscopy to determine the etiology of pleural effusion in dogs and cats: 18 [14] Dallman MJ, Martin RA, Roth L: Pneumothorax as the primary cases (1998–2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 221: 990–1004 problem in two cases of bronchioalveolar carcinoma in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1988; 24: 710–714 [38] Kuntz CA: Thoracic surgical oncology. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 1998; 13: 47–52 [15] Davis KM, Roe SC, Mathews KG et al.: Median sternotomy closure in dogs: a mechanical comparison of technique stability. Vet Surg. [39] Langenbach A, McManus PM, Hendrick MJ et al.: Sensitivity and 2006; 35: 271–277 specificity of methods of assessing the regional lymph nodes for evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors. J Am Vet [16] DeBerry JD, Norris CR, Samii VF et al.: Correlation between fine- Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1424–1428 needle aspiration cytopathology and histopathology of the lung in dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 327–336 [40] Lansdowne JL, Monnet E, Twedt DC et al.: Thoracoscopic lung lobectomy for treatment of lung tumors in dogs. Vet Surg. 2005; [17] Dungworth DL, Hauser B, Hahn FF et al.: Histological classification 34: 530–535 of tumors of the respiratory system of domestic animals. 1999 second series Volume VI, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology [41] Liptak JM, Monnet E, Dernell WS et al.: Pneumonectomy: four case studies and a comparative review. J Small Anim Pract. 2004, [18] Dupré GP, Corlouer JP, Bouvy B: Thoracoscopic pericardectomy 45: 441–447 performed without pulmonary exclusion in 9 dogs. Vet Surg. 2001; 30: 21–27 [42] Liptak JM, Monnet E, Dernell WS et al.: Pulmonary metastatec- tomy in the management of four dogs with hypertrophic osteopa- [19] Favrot C, Degorce-Rubiales F: Cutaneous metastases of a bron- thy. Vet Comp Oncol. 2004; 2: 1–12 chial adenocarcinoma in a cat. Vet Dermatol. 2005; 16: 183–196 [43] Loser C, Lawrenz B, Werner HG et al.: Primäre Lungentumore mit [20] Flynn CJ, Danjoux C. Wong J et al.: Two cases of acrometastasis to Metastasierung in die Phalangen bei der Katze. Kleintierprax. 1998; the hands and review of the literature. Curr Oncol. 2008; 15: 51–58 43: 425–442

[44] Magnol JP, Marchal T, Delisle F et al.: Les tumeurs du poumon. In: [65] Reif JS, Cohen D: The environmental distribution of canine respira- Magnol JP (Hrsg.): Cancérologie Clinique du Chien. Lyon 1998: tory tract neoplasms. Arch Environ Health. 1971; 22: 136–40 121–126 [66] Reif JS, Dunn K, Ogilvie GK et al.: Passive smoking and canine lung [45] Martinez-Lavin M, Vargas A, Rivera-Vinas M: Hypertrophic osteo- cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 1992; 135: 234–239 arthropathy: a palindrome with a pathogenic connotation. Curr [67] Rooney MB, Mehl M, Monnet E: Intercostal thoracotomy closure: Opin Rheumatol. 2000; 20: 88–91 transcostal sutures as a less painful alternative to circumcostal [46] McCarthy T: Resolution of chylothorax in a cat: Vet Med. 2003; 98: suture placement. Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 209–213 823–833 [68] Rossi F, Vignoli M, Sarli G et al.: Unusual radiographic appearance [47] McCarthy TC: Diagnostic thoracoscopy. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. of lung carcinoma in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 273–276 1999; 14: 213–219 [69] Shimazaki T, Nagata M, Goto-Koshino Y et al.: A case of canine [48] McNiel EA, Ogilvie GK, Powers BE et al.: Evaluation of prognostic lymphomatoid granulomatosis with cutaneous lesions. J Vet Med factors for dogs with primary lung tumors: 67 cases (1985–1992). J Sci. 2010; 72: 1067–1069 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 211: 1422–1427 [70] Spann DR, Sellon RK, Thrall DE et al.: Computed tomographic [49] Melhaff CJ, Leifer CE, Patnaik AM et al.: Surgical treatment of pri- diagnosis: use of computed tomography to distinguish a pulmonary

mary pulmonary neoplasia in 15 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. mass from alveolar disease. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 532– Literaturverzeichnis 1984; 20: 799–803 535 [50] Moulton JE, von Tscharner C, Schneider R: Classification of lung [71] Teske E, Stokhof AA, Van den Ingh TSGAM et al.: Transthoracic carcinomas in the dog and cat. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 513–528 needle aspiration biopsy of the lung in dogs with pulmonic diseases. [51] Nelson AW, Monnet E: Lungs. In: Slatter (Hrsg.): Textbook of Small J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: 289–294 Animal Surgery, 3. Aufl., Saunders Philadelphia 2003: 887–888 [72] Tidwell AS, Johnson KL: Computed tomography–guided percuta- [52] Nemanic S, London CA, Wisner ER: Comparison of thoracic radio- neous biopsy in the dog and cat: description of technique and preli- graphs and single breath-hold helical CT for detection of pulmonary minary evaluation in 14 patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1994; 35: nodules in dogs with metastatic neoplasia. J Vet Int Med. 2006; 20: 445–456 508–515 [73] Valentine BA, Blue JT, Zimmer JF et al.: Pulmonary lymphomatoid [53] Ogilvie GK, Haschek WM, Withrow SJ et al.: Classification of pri- granulomatosis in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2000; 12: 465–467 mary lung tumors in dogs: 210 cases (1975–1985). J Am Vet Med [74] Van der Linde-Sipman JS, Van den Ingh TSGAM: Primary and Assoc. 1989; 195: 106–108 metastatic carcinomas in the digits of cats. Vet Quart. 2000; 22: [54] Ogilvie GK, Weigel RM, Haschek WM et al.: Prognostic factors for 141–145 tumor remission and survival in dogs after surgery for primary lung [75] Vignoli M, Rossi F, Chierici C et al.: Needle tract implantation after tumor: 76 cases (1975–1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of transitional cell carcinoma 109–112 of the urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Schweiz [55] Paoloni MC, Adams WM, Dubielzig RR et al.: Comparison of re- Arch Tierheilk. 2007; 149: 314–318 sults of computed tomography and radiography with histopatholo- [76] Withrow S: Lung cancer. In Withrow S, Vail DM, (Hrsg.): Small Ani- gic findings in tracheobronchial lymph nodes in dogs with primary mal Clinical Oncology. 4. Aufl., Saunders St. Louis, 2007: 517–525 lung tumors: 14 cases (1999–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 1718–1722 [56] Park HM, Hwang DN, Kang BT et al.: Pulmonary lymphomatoid 21 Tumoren der parenchymatösen Organe granulomatosis in a dog: evidence of immunophenotypic diversity and relationship to human pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomato- 21.1 Tumoren der Leber sis and pulmonary Hodgkin’s disease. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 921– 923 [1] Adler R, Wilson DW: Biliary cystadenoma of cats. Vet Pathol. 1995; 32: 415–418 [57] Pavletic MM: Surgical stapling devices in small animal surgery. Comp Small Anim Prac. 1990; 12: 1724–1741 [2] Badylak SF, Dodds WJ, Van Vleet JF: Plasma coagulation factor abnormalities in dogs with naturally occurring hepatic disease. Am J [58] Petterino C, Guazzi P, Ferro S et al.: Bronchogenic adenocarci- Vet Res. 1983; 44: 2336—2340 noma in a cat: an unusual case of metastasis to the skin. Vet Clin Path. 2005; 34: 401–404 [3] Balkman C: Hepatobiliary neoplasia in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2009; 39: 617–625 [59] Poirier VJ, Burgess KE, Adams WM et al.: Toxicity, dosage and efficacy of vinorelbine (Navelbine) in dogs with spontaneous neo- [4] Carter JE, Tarigo JL, Vernau W et al.: Erythrophagocytic low-grade plasia. J Vet Int Med. 2004; 18: 536–539 extranodal T-cell lymphoma in a cat. Vet Clin Pathol. 2008; 37: 416–421 [60] Polton GA, Brearley MJ, Powell SM et al.: Impact of primary tumor stage on survival in dogs with solitary lung tumors. J Small [5] Center SA, Baldwin BH, Erb HN et al.: Bile acid concentrations in Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 66–71 the diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 187: 935–940 [61] Poulson JM, Vujaskovic Z, Gillette SM et al.: Volume and dose- response effects for severe symptomatic pneumonitis after fractio- [6] Center SA, Slater MR, Manwarren T et al.: Diagnostic efficacy of nated irradiation of canine lung. Int J Radiat Biol. 2000; 76: 463– serum alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase in 468 dogs with histologically confirmed hepatobiliary disease: 270 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 1258–1264 [62] Prather AB, Berry CR, Thrall DE: Use of radiography in combination with computed tomography for the assessment of noncardiac [7] Chikata S, Nakamura S, Katayama R et al.: Primary chondrosar- – thoracic disease in the dog and cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; coma in the liver of a dog. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43:1033 1036 46: 114–121 [8] Cienava EA, Barnhart KF, Brown R et al.: Morphologic, immuno- [63] Radlinsky MA, Mason DE, Biller DS et al.: Thoracoscopic visualiza- histochemical, and molecular characterization of hepatosplenic – tion and ligation of the thoracic duct in dogs. Vet Surg. 2002; 31: T-cell lymphoma in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2004; 33: 105 110 138–146 [9] Clifford CA, Pretorius ES, Weisse C et al.: Magnetic resonance [64] Reichle JK, Wisner EP: Non-cardiac thoracic ultrasound in 75 feline imaging of focal splenic and hepatic lesions in the dog. J Vet Intern – and canine patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 154–162 Med. 2004; 18: 330 338

[10] Cohen M, Bohling MW, Wright JC et al.: Evaluation of sensitivity [34] Lawrence HJ, Erb HN, Harvey HJ: Nonlymphomatous hepatobiliary and specificity of cytologic examination: 269 cases (1999–2000). J masses in cats: 41 cases (1972–1991). Vet Surg. 1994; 23: 365– Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 222: 964–967 368 [11] Cole TL, Center SA, Flood SN et al.: Diagnostic comparison of nee- [35] Lamb CR, Hartzband LE, Tidwell AS et al.: Ultrasonographic fin- dle and wedge biopsy specimens of the liver in dogs and cats. J Am dings in hepatic and splenic lymphosarcoma in dogs and cats. Vet Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 220: 1483–1490 Radiol. 1991; 32: 117–120 [12] Crabtree AC, Spangler E, Beard D et al.: Diagnostic accuracy of [36] Leifer CE, Peterson ME, Matus RE et al.: Hypoglycemia associated gray-scale ultrasonography for the detection of hepatic and splenic with non-islet cell tumor in 13 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; lymphoma in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 661–664 186: 53–55 [13] Cuccovillo A, Lamb CR: Cellular features of sonographic target [37] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Monnet E et al.: Massive hepatocellular lesions of the liver and spleen in 21 dogs and a cat. Vet Radiol Ultra- carcinoma in dogs: 48 cases (1992–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. sound. 2002; 43: 275–278 2004; 225: 1225–1230 [14] Cullen JM, Popp JA: Tumors of the liver and gall bladder. In: Meuten [38] Lowseth LA, Gillett NA, Chang IY et al.: Detection of serum DJ. (Hrsg.) Tumors in domestic animals. 4. Auflg. Iowa State Press α-fetoprotein in dogs with hepatic tumors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002, 483–508 1991; 199: 735–741 [15] Culp WT, Drobatz KJ, Glassman MM et al.: Feline visceral heman- [39] Magne ML: Primary epithelial hepatic tumors in the dog. Comp giosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 148–152 Cont Educ Pract Vet. 1984; 6: 506–515 [16] Dhaliwal RS, Johnson TO, Kitchell BE: Primary extraskeletal hepatic [40] Marconato L, Albanese F, Viacava P et al.: Paraneoplastic alopecia osteosarcoma in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 222: 340–342, associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in a cat. Vet Dermatol. 316 2007; 18: 267–271 [17] Eichelberger J: Multiple Gallengangszysten bei einer 11-jährigen [41] McCaw DL, da Silva Curiel JMA, Shaw DP: Hepatic myelolipomas Perserkatze. Kleintierprax. 1996; 41: 299–303 in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 243–244 [18] Evans SM: The radiographic appearance of primary liver neoplasia [42] McConnel MF, Lumsden JH: Biochemical evaluation of metastatic in dogs. Vet Radiol. 1987; 28: 192–196 liver diesase in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 173–178 [19] Feeney DA, Johnston GR, Hardy RM: Two-dimensional, gray-scale [43] Monteiro CB, OʼBrien RT: A retrospective study on the sonographic ultrasonography for assessment of hepatic and splenic neoplasia in findings of abdominal carcinomatosis in 14 cats. Vet Radiol Ultra- the dog and cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 184: 68–81 sound. 2004; 45: 559–564 [20] Ferreira-Neves P, Lezmi S, Lejeune T et al.: Immunohistochemical [44] Nakamura K, Takagi S, Sasaki N et al.: Contrast-enhanced ultraso- characterization of a hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma in a cat. J nography for characterization of canine focal liver lesions. Vet Radiol Vet Diagn Invest. 2008; 20: 110–114 Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 79–85. [21] Fry PD, Rest JR: Partial hepatectomy in two dogs. J Small Anim [45] Neumann S, Kaup FJ: Usefulness of Ki-67 proliferation marker in Pract. 1993; 34: 192–195 the cytologic identification of liver tumors in dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. [22] Fry MM, Vernau W, Pesavento PA et al.: Hepatosplenic lymphoma 2005; 34: 132–136 in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 556–562 [46] Neumann S: Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Lebererkrankungen [23] Geisenberger M: Erhebungen über das Vorkommen bösartiger auf die Thrombozytenzahl beim Hund. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. Tumoren beim Hund anhand der Sektionsstatistik des Institutes für 2006; 113: 224–227 Tierpathologie, München. Diss med vet, München 1990 [47] Newell SM, Selcer BA, Girard E et al.: Correlations between ultra- [24] Gunn C, Gourely IM, Koblick PD: Hepatic dearterialization in the sonographic findings and specific hepatic diseases in cats: 72 cases dog. Am J Vet Res. 1986; 47: 170–175 (1985–1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 213: 94–98 [25] Hammer AS, Sikkema DA: Hepatic neoplasia in the dog and cat. [48] Nyland TG: Ultrasonic patterns of canine hepatic lymphosarcoma. Vet Clin North Am Sm Anim Pract. 1995; 25: 419–435 Vet Radiol. 1984; 25:167–172 [26] Hayes HM, Morion MM, Rubenstein DA: Canine biliary carcinoma: [49] Nyland TG, Koblik PD, Tellyer SE: Ultrasonographic evaluation of epidemiological comparisons with man. J Comp Pathol. 1983; 93: biliary cystadenomas in cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1999; 40: 300– 99–107 306 [27] Jacobs TM, Snyder PW: Mucinous cholangiocarcinoma in a cat. J [50] Nyman HT, Kristensen AT, Flagstad A et al.: A review of the sono- Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2007; 43: 168–172 graphic assessment of tumor metastases in liver and superficial lymph nodes. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 438–448 [28] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell M, Maurus Y et al.: Tumoren der Bauch- und Beckenhöhle beim Hund. Klinische, röntgenologische und [51] Ogilvie GK, Obradovich JE, Elmslie RE et al.: Efficacy of Mitoxant- labordiagnostische Befunde bei 145 Patienten. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; rone against various neoplasms in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 25: 472–479 1991; 198: 1618–1621 [29] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Lebertumoren bei Katzen: 133 Fälle [52] Patnaik AK, Newman SJ, Scase T et al.: Canine hepatic neuroen- (unveröffentlicht), 1998 docrine carcinoma: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 140–146 [30] Kessler M, Kühnel S: Verlaufsuntersuchungen bei 15 Hunden nach Resektion maligner Lebertumoren. (unveröffentlicht), 2010 [53] Patnaik AK: A morphologic and immunocytochemical study of hepatic neoplasms in cats. Vet Pathol 1992; 29: 405–415 [31] Kitao S, Yamada T, Ishikawa T et al.: Alpha-fetoprotein in serum and tumor tissues in dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vet [54] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Liebermann PH et al.: Canine bile duct Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 291–295 carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 439–444 [32] Kosovsky JE, Manfra-Martetta S, Matthiesen DT et al.: Results of [55] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Liebermann PH et al.: Canine hepatocellu- partial hepatectomy in 18 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma. J lar carcinoma. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 427–438 Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 25: 203–206 [56] Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Liebermann PH: Canine hepatic neo- [33] Kristensen AT, Weiss DJ, Klausner JS et al.: Liver cytology in cases plasms: A clinicopathologic study. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 553–564 of canine and feline hepatic disease. Comp Cont Educ Pract Vet. [57] Patnaik AK, Liebermann PH, Hurvitz AI et al.: Canine hepatic car- 1990; 12: 797–809 cinoids. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 445–453

[58] Patnaik AK, Liu SK, Hurvitz AI et al.: Nonhematopoietic neo- 21.2 Tumoren der Milz plasms in cats. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1975; 54; 855–860 [1] Akhtar N, Padilla ML, Dickerson EB et al.: Interleukin-12 inhibits [59] Patnaik AK, Lieberman PH, Erlandson RA et al.: Hepatobiliary tumor growth in a novel angiogenesis canine hemangiosarcoma neuroendocrine carcinoma in cats: a clinicopathologic, immunohis- xenograft model. Neoplasia. 2004; 6: 106–116 tochemical, and ultrastructural study of 17 cases. Vet Pathol. 2005; [2] Allan R, Halsey TR, Thompson KG: Splenic mast cell tumour and 42: 331–337 mastocytaemia in a cat: case study and literature review. N Z Vet J. [60] Ponomarkov V, Mackey LJ: Tumors of the liver and biliary system. 2000; 48: 117–121 Bull WHO. 1976; 53: 187–194 [3] Al-Rukibat RK, Bani Ismail ZA: Unusual presentation of splenic [61] Post G, Patnaik AK: Nonhematopoietic hepatic neoplasms in cats: myelolipoma in a dog. Can Vet J. 2006; 47: 1112–1114 21 cases (1983–1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201; 1080–1082 [4] Aronsohn MG, Dubiel B, Roberts B et al.: Prognosis for acute non- [62] Richter KP: Laparoscopy in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small traumatic hemoperitoneum in the dog: A retrospective analysis. J – Anim Pract. 2001; 31: 707 727, ix Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2009; 45: 72–77 [63] Roth L: Comparison of liver cytology and biopsy diagnoses in dogs [5] Ballegeer EA, Forrest LJ, Dickinson RM et al.: Correlation of ultra- – and cats: 56 cases. Vet Clin Pathol. 2001; 30: 35 38 sonographic appearance of lesions and cytologic and histologic [64] Schuh JCL: Hepatic nodular myelolipomatosis (myelolipomas) asso- diagnoses in splenic aspirates from dogs and cats: 32 cases (2002– Literaturverzeichnis ciated with a peritoneo-pericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a cat. J 2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 690–696 – Comp Pathol. 1987; 97: 231 235 [6] Bertazzolo W, DellʼOrco M, Bonfanti U et al.: Canine angiosar- [65] Shiroma JT, Myer CW, Mattrey RF: Improved detection of liver coma: cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical correlations. metastases in canine hemangiosarcoma using perfluorooctylbro- Vet Clin Pathol. 2005; 34: 28–34 mide as an ultrasonic contrast agent: preliminary results. Proc 10th [7] Brown NO, Patnaik AK, MacEwen EG: Canine hemangiosarcoma: Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc., Auburn, AL 1990 Retrospective analysis of 104 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; [66] Stockhaus C, Teske E: Klinische Anwendbarkeit der Leberzytologie 186: 56–58 – bei Hund und Katze. Kleintierprax. 1997; 42: 687 700 [8] Carpenter JL, Andrews LK, Holzworth J: Tumors and tumor-like [67] Stockhaus C, van den Ingh T, Rothuizen J et al.: A multistep lesions. In: Holzworth J (Hrsg.): Diseases of the cat. Medicine and approach in the cytologic evaluation of liver biopsy samples of dogs surgery. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia 1987 – with hepatic diseases. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 461 470 [9] Carter JE, Tarigo JL, Vernau W et al.: Erythrophagocytic low-grade [68] Stowater JL, Lamb CR, Schelling SH: Ultrasonographic features of extranodal T-cell lymphoma in a cat. Vet Clin Pathol. 2008; 37: canine hepatic nodular hyperplasia. Vet Radiol. 1990; 31: 268–272 416–421 [69] Strafuss AC: Bile duct carcinoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [10] Cavanna MT, Ratto A, Capurro C et al.: Canine hemangiosarcoma: 1976; 169: 429 A preliminary study on grading system. Proc. 1st World Conference [70] Strombeck DR, Krum S, Meyer D et al.: Hypoglycemia and hypo- on spontaneous animal tumors, Genua 1995 insulinemia associated with hepatoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med [11] Christopher MM: Cytology of the spleen. Vet Clin North Am Small Assoc. 1976; 169: 811–812 Anim. 2003; 33: 135–152 [71] Strombeck DR: Clinicopathologic features of primary and metasta- [12] Chun R: Feline and canine hemangiosarcoma. Compend Contin tic neoplastic disease of the liver in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Educ Pract Vet. 1999; 21: 622–629 – 1978; 173: 267 269 [13] Clifford CA, Pretorius ES, Weisse C et al.: Magnetic resonance [72] Taniura T, Marukawa K, Yamada K et al.: Differential diagnosis of imaging of focal splenic and hepatic lesions in the dog. J Vet Intern hepatic tumor-like lesions in dog by using dynamic CT scanning. Med. 2004; 18: 330–338 – Hiroshima J Med Sci. 2009; 58: 17 24 [14] Couto CG. Canine hemangiosarcoma: Whatʼs new in diagnosis [73] Tashbaeva RE, Hwang DN, Song GS et al.: Cellular characteriza- and treatment. Vet Cancer Soc Newslett. 1989; 13: 1–6 tion of multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein, alpha fetoprotein, and [15] Cooley DM, Allen DK, Waters DJ: Vascular neoplasms of dogs. neovascular endothelium-associated antigens in canine hepatocel- Kleintierprax. 1997; 42: 859–870 lular carcinoma and cirrhotic liver. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 600–606 [16] Cortese L, Paciello O, Papparella S: Morphological characterisation [74] Trigo FJ, Thompson H, Breeze RG: The pathology of liver tumors in of malignant histiocytosis in a cat. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2008; 67: – the dog. J Comp Pathol. 1982; 92: 21 39 299–303 [75] van der Luer R, van den Ingh T et al.: [Feline paraneoplastic alope- [17] Crawford MA: Challenging cases in internal medicine: What’s your – cia]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2008; 133: 182 183 diagnosis? Vet Med. 1989; 84: 1126–1143 [76] Wang KY, Panciera DL, Al-Rukibat RK et al.: Accuracy of ultra- [18] Cruz-Arámbulo R, Wrigley R, Powers B: Sonographic features of sound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the liver and cytologic fin- histiocytic neoplasms in the canine abdomen. Vet Radiol Ultra- – dings in dogs and cats: 97 cases (1990 2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. sound. 2004; 45: 554–558 2004; 224: 75–78 [19] Culp WTN, Drobatz KJ, Glassman MM et al.: Feline visceral [77] Whiteley MB, Feeney DA, Whiteley LO et al.: Ultrasonographic hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 148–152 appearance of primary and metastatic canine hepatic tumors – a [20] Dahl K, Gamlem H, Tverdal A et al.: Canine vascular neoplasia – a review of 48 cases. J Ultrasound Med. 1989; 8: 621–630 population-based study of prognosis. APMIS 2008; 116 (Suppl 125): [78] Wiersma L, Kuiper RV, Gröne A: Hepatic extraskeletal chondrob- 55–62 lastic osteosarcoma with unusual angioinvasion of the caudal vena [21] Dank G, Chien MB, London CA: Activating mutations in the cataly- cava in a dog. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2010; 135: 940–943 tic or juxtamembrane domain of c-kit in splenic mast cell tumors of [79] Yamada T, Fujita M, Kitao S et al.: Serum alpha-fetoprotein values cats. Am J Vet Res. 2002; 63: 1129–1133 in dogs with various hepatic diseases. J Vet Med Sci. 1999; 61: 657– [22] Day MJ, Lucke VM, Pearson H: A review of pathological diagnoses 659 made from 87 canine splenic biopsies. J Small Anim Pract. 1995; [80] Zawie DA, Garvey MS: Feline hepatic disease. Vet Clin North Am 36: 426–433 Small Anim Pract 1984; 14: 1201–1230 [23] Dickerson EB, Thomas R, Fosmire SP et al.: Mutations of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 in canine hemangiosarcoma. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 618–632

[24] Elmore SA, Basseches J, Anhalt GJ et al.: Paraneoplastic pemphi- [45] Holt D, Van Winkle T, Schelling C et al.: Correlation between tho- gus in a dog with splenic sarcoma. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 88–91 racic radiographs and postmortem findings in dogs with hemangio- [25] Fees DL, Withrow SJ: Canine hemangiosarcoma. Compend Contin sarcoma: 77 cases (1984–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: Educ Pract Vet. 1981; 3: 1047–1051 1535–1539 [26] Feinmehl R, Matus R, Maulden GN et al.: Splenic mast cell tumors [46] Huber TL, Kouskoff V, Fehling HJ et al.: Haemangioblast commit- in 43 cats. Proc 12th Annu Conf Vet Cancer Soc. 1992; 12: 50 ment is initiated in the primitive streak of the mouse embryo. Nature. 2004; 432: 625–630 [27] Fife WD, Samii VF, Drost WT et al.: Comparison between malignant and nonmalignant splenic masses in dogs using contrast- [47] Ide K, Setoguchi-Mukai A, Nakagawa T et al.: Disseminated his- enhanced computed tomography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: tiocytic sarcoma with excessive hemophagocytosis in a cat. J Vet 289–297 Med Sci. 2009; 71: 817–820 [28] Fosmire SP, Dickerson EB, Scott AM et al.: Canine malignant [48] Irausquin RA, Scavelli TD, Corti L et al.: Comparative evaluation of hemangiosarcoma as a model of primitive angiogenic endothelium. the liver in dogs with a splenic mass by using ultrasonography and Lab Invest. 2004; 84: 562–572 contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Can Vet J. 2008; 49: 46–52 [29] Friedrichs KR, Young KM: Histiocytic sarcoma of macrophage origin in a cat: case report with a literature review of feline histiocytic [49] Johannes CM, Henry CJ, Turnquist SE et al.: Hemangiosarcoma in malignancies and comparison with canine hemophagocytic histio- cats: 53 cases (1992–2002). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: cytic sarcoma. Vet Clin Pathol. 2008; 37: 121–128 1851–1856 [30] Fritz D, Hopfner CL, Guilhot-Chrétien JC: Systemic mast cell disea- [50] Johnson KA, Powers BE, Withrow SJ et al.: Splenomegaly in dogs. ses in cats, retrospective study of seven cases, benefits of bone Predictors of neoplasia and survival after splenectomy. J Vet Int marrow biopsy, comparative aspects. Revue Méd Vét. 2004; 155: Med. 1989; 3: 160–166 362–370 [51] Kapatkin AS, Muller HS, Mathiesen DT et al.: Leiomyosarcoma in [31] Gamlem H, Nordstoga K: Canine vascular neoplasia – histologic dogs: 44 cases (1983–1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: classification and immunohistochemical analysis of 221 tumours 1077–1086 and tumour-like lesions. APMIS 2008; 116 (Suppl 125): 19–40 [52] Kerlin RL, Hendrick MJ: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma and malig- [32] Gamlem H, Nordstoga K, Glattre E: Canine neoplasia-introductory nant histiocytosis in the dog – convergent or divergent phenotypic paper. APMIS 2008; 116 (Suppl 125): 5–18 differentiation? Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 713–716 [33] Gamlem H, Nordstoga K, Arnesen K: Canine vascular neoplasia – [53] Kessler M, Fickenscher Y, von Bomhard: Zum Vorkommen primä- a population-based clinicopathologic study of 439 tumours and rer Tumoren der Milz bei der Katze. Kleintierprax. 1998; 43: 601– tumour-like lesions in 420 dogs. APMIS 2008; 116 (Suppl 125): 41– 608 54 [54] Kessler M, Hammer AS: Canines Hämangiosarkom: Diagnose und [34] Geisel O, Kusch S, Klein H: Vorkommen, Primärsitz und Metastasie- Therapie. Kleintierprax. 1991; 36: 637–648 rungsmuster des Hämangioendothelioms beim Hund. Eine Auswer- [55] Kessler M, Maurus Y, Köstlin R: Das Hämangiosarkom der Milz – tung des Sektionsmaterials aus den Jahren 1970–1985. Tierärztl Klinische Aspekte bei 52 Hunden. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 651–656 Prax. 1986; 14: 389–395 [56] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell P, Maurus Y et al.: Tumoren der Bauch- [35] Geisenberger M: Erhebungen über das Vorkommen bösartiger und Beckenhöhle beim Hund: Klinische, röntgenologische und Tumoren beim Hund anhand der Sektionsstatistik des Institutes für labordiagnostische Befunde bei 145 Patienten. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; Tierpathologie, München, 1951–1969. Diss med vet, München 25: 472–479 1990 [57] Kessler M, von Bomhard D, Matis U: Mastzelltumoren bei Hunden [36] Gordon SSN, McClaran JK, Bergman PJ et al.: Outcome following und Katzen – Epidemiologie, Diagnose und Therapie. Kleintierprax. splenectomy in cats. J Fel Med Surg. 2010; 12: 256–261 1997; 42: 361–374 [37] Guerre R, Millet P, Groulade P: Systemic mastocytosis in a cat: [58] Kim SE, Liptak JM, Gall TT et al.: Epirubicin in the adjuvant treat- Remission after splenectomy. J Small Anim Pract. 1979; 20: 769– ment of splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs: 59 cases (1997–2004). J 772 Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231:1550–1557 [38] Hammer AS, Couto CG, Filippi J et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of VAC [59] Kisseberth WC, MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID et al.: L-MTP-PE and chemotherapy (Vincristine, Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide) in chemotherapy for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma. Proc Ann Conf dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Int Med. 1991; 5: 160–166 Vet Cancer Soc. 1994 [39] Hammer AS, Bailey MQ, Sagartz JE: Retrospective assessment of [60] Kraje AC, Mears EA, Hahn KA et al.: Unusual metastatic behavior thoracic radiographic findings in metastatic canine hemangiosar- and clinicopathologic findings in eight cats with cutaneous or visce- coma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1993; 34: 235–238 ral hemangiosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 670–672 [40] Hammond TN, Pesillo-Crosby SA: Prevalence of hemangiosar- [61] Kusch S: Erhebungen über das Vorkommen bösartiger Blastome coma in anemic dogs with a splenic mass and hemoperitoneum beim Hund anhand der Sektionsstatistik des Institutes für Tier- requiring a transfusion: 71 cases (2003–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. pathologie, München 1970–1985. Diss med vet, München 1985 2008; 232: 553–558 [62] Lamerato-Kozicki AR, Helm KM, Jubala CM et al.: Canine heman- [41] Hanson JA, Papageorges M, Girard E et al.: Ultrasonographic giosarcoma originates from hematopoietic precursors with poten- appearance of splenic disease in 101 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. tial for endothelial differentiation. Exp Hematol. 2006; 34: 870–878 2001: 42: 441–445 [63] Lana S, UʼRen LW, Plaza S et al.: Continuous low-dose oral chemo- [42] Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Assessment of cyc- therapy for adjuvant therapy of splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs. J looxygenase-2 expression in canine hemangiosarcoma, histiocytic Vet Int Med. 2008; 21: 764–769 sarcoma, and mast cell tumor. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 350–353 [64] Liska WD, MacEwen EG, Zaki FA et al.: Feline systemic mastocyto- [43] Helfand SC: Canine hemangiosarcoma: A tumor of contemporary sis: A review and results of splenectomy in seven cases. J Am Anim interest. Cancer Therapy. 2008; 6: 457–462 Hosp Assoc. 1979; 15: 589–597 [44] Hendrick MJ, Brooks JJ, Bruce EH: Six cases of malignant fibrous [65] Litster AL, Sorenmo KU: Characterisation of the signalment, clini- histiocytoma of the canine spleen. Vet Pathol. 1992; 29: 351–354 cal and survival characteristics of 41 cats with mast cell neoplasia. J Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8: 177–183

[66] Macy DW: Canine and feline mast cell tumors: biologic behavior, [89] Sorenmo KU, Baez JL, Clifford CA et al.: Efficacy and toxicity of a diagnosis, and therapy. Sem Vet Med Surg (Sm Anim). 1986; 1: 72– dose-intensified doxorubicin protocol in canine hemangiosarcoma. J 83 Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 209–213 [67] Madewell BR, Munn RJ, Phillips LP: Mast cell phagocytosis of red [90] Sorenmo K, Duda L, Barber L et al.: Canine hemangiosarcoma blood cells in a cat. Vet Pathol. 1983; 20: 638–640 treated with standard chemotherapy and minocycline. J Vet Intern [68] Maurus Y: Abdominale Tumoren bei Hund und Katze. Eine retro- Med. 2000; 14: 395–398. spektive Studie aus der chirurgischen Tierklinik München (1990– [91] Sorenmo KU, Jeglum KA, Helfand SC: Chemotherapy of canine 1994). Diss med vet, München 1995 hemangiosarcoma with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. J Vet [69] Mayer B, Zwetkoff S, Schaffer G et al.: Tumour suppressor gene Intern Med. 1993; 7: 370–376 p53 mutation in a case of haemangiosarcoma in a dog. Acta Vet [92] Sorenmo K, Samluk M, Clifford C et al.: Clinical and pharmacoki- Hung. 2002; 50: 157–160 netic characteristics of intracavitary administration of pegylated [70] Miller JM, Walshaw R, Bourque AC: Primary splenic mesenchymal liposomal encapsulated doxorubicin in dogs with splenic hemangio- chondrosarcoma in a dog. Can Vet J. 2005; 46: 163–165 sarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 1347–1354. [71] Moe L, Gamlem H, Dahl K et al.: Canine neoplasia – population- [93] Spangler WL, Culbertson MR: Prevalence, type, and importance of – based incidence of vascular tumours. APMIS 2008; 116 (Suppl 125): splenic diseases in dogs: 1,480 cases (1985 1989). J Am Vet Med Literaturverzeichnis 63–68 Assoc. 1992; 200: 829–834 [72] Moore PF, Affolter VK, Vernau W: Canine hemophagocytic histio- [94] Spangler WL, Culbertson MR: Prevalence and type of splenic cytic sarcoma: a proliferative disorder of CD11d+ macrophages. Vet diseases in cats: 455 cases (1985–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Pathol. 2006; 43: 632–645 1992; 201: 773–776 [73] Ng CY, Mills NJ: Clinical und hematological features of hemangio- [95] Spangler WL, Culbertson MR, Kass PH: Primary mesenchymal sarcoma in dogs. Aus Vet J. 1985; 62: 1–4 (nonangiomatous/nonlymphomatous) neoplasms occurring in the canine spleen: anatomic classification, immunohistochemistry, and [74] Ogilvie GK, Moore AS: Managing the veterinary cancer patient. mitotic activity correlated with patient survival. Vet Pathol. 1994, Trenton, Veterinary Learning Systems 1995 31: 37–47 [75] Ogilvie GK, Powers BE, Mallinckrodt CH et al.: Surgery and doxo- [96] Spangler WL, Kass PH: Pathologic factors affecting postsplenec- rubicin in dogs with hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: tomy survival in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 166–171 379–384 [97] Srebernik N, Appleby EC: Breed prevalence and sites of heman- [76] Oksanen A: Hemangiosarcoma in dogs. J Comp Pathol. 1978; 88: gioma and hemangiosarcoma in dogs. Vet Rec. 1991; 129: 408– 585–595 409 [77] Ottenjann M, Kohn B, Weingart C et al.: Rupturiertes Hämangio- [98] Stockhaus C, Werner HG, Stolle A: Die systemische Mastozytose: sarkom der Milz als Ursache eines Hämoperitoneums bei 4 Katzen. Eine seltene Ursache für chronisches Erbrechen der Katze. Kleintier- Kleintierprax. 2003; 48: 345–352 prax. 1996; 41: 767–773 [78] Patnaik AK, Liu SK: Angiosarcoma in cats. J Small Anim Pract. [99] Tamburini BA, Trapp S, Phang TL et al.: Gene expression profiles 1977; 18: 191–198 of sporadic canine hemangiosarcoma are uniquely associated with [79] Priester WA: Hepatic angiosarcoma in dogs: An excessive fre- breed. Public Library of Science (PLoS) ONE 2009; 4: e5549 quency as compared with man. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1976; 57: 451– [100] UʼRen LW, Biller BJ, Elmslie RE et al.: Evaluation of a novel tumor 453 vaccine in dogs with hemangiosarcoma J Vet Int Med. 2008; 21: [80] Prymak C, McKee LJ, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Epidemiologic, clini- 113–120 cal, pathologic, and prognostic characteristics of splenic hemangio- [101] Vail DM, MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID et al.: Liposome-encapsulated sarcoma in dogs: 217 cases (1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine adjuvant immuno- 193: 706–711 therapy for splenic hemangiosarcoma in the dog: a randomized [81] Rassnick KM, Frimberger AE, Wood CA et al.: Evaluation of ifosfa- multi-institutional clinical trial. Clin Cancer Res. 1995; 1: 1165– mide for treatment of various canine neoplasms. J Vet Intern Med. 1170 2000; 14: 271–276 [102] Waters DJ, Caywood DD, Hayden DW et al.: Metastatic pattern in [82] Rossi F, Leone VF, Vignoli M et al.: Use of contrast-enhanced ultra- dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma: Clinical implications. J Small sound for characterization of focal splenic lesions. Vet Radiol Ultra- Anim Pract. 1988; 29: 805–814 sound. 2008; 49: 154–164 [103] Webster N, Holloway A: Use of contrast ultrasonography in the [83] Sanladerer B: Maligne Hämangioendotheliome beim Hund. Eine diagnosis of metastatic feline visceral haemangiosarcoma. J Feline retrospektive Untersuchung klinischer Fälle aus dem Ontario Veteri- Med Surg. 2008; 10: 388–394 nary College in Guelph, Kanada, 1983–1992. Diss med vet, Mün- [104] Weinstein MJ, Carpenter JL, Melhaff-Schunk CJ: Nonangiogenic chen, 1994 and nonlymphomatous sarcomas of the canine spleen: 57 cases [84] Sato AF, Solano M: Ultrasonographic findings in abdominal mast (1975–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 784–788 cell disease: a retrospective study of 19 patients. Vet Radiol Ultra- [105] Wood CA, Moore AS, Gliatto JM et al.: Prognosis for dogs with sound. 2004; 45: 51–57 stage I or II splenic hemangiosarcoma treated by splenectomy [85] Scavelli TD, Patnaik AK, Mehlhaff CJ et al.: Hemangiosarcoma in alone: 32 cases (1991–1993). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: the cat: retrospective evaluation of 31 surgical cases. J Am Vet Med 417–421 Assoc. 1985; 187: 817–819 [106] Wrigley RH, Park RD, Konde LJ et al.: Ultrasonographic features of [86] Schulmann A: Splenic mastocytosis in a cat. California Vet. 1987; splenic hemangiosarcoma in dogs: 18 cases (1980–1986). J Am Vet 17: 17–18 Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 1113–1117 [87] Schwarz LA, Penninck DG, Gliatto J: Canine splenic myelolipomas. [107] Zhu Z: PDGFRβ: a multifaceted player in vascular and hematopoie- Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2001; 42: 347–348 tic development. Blood. 2006; 108: 1788–1789 [88] Snyder JM, Lipitz L, Skorupski KA et al.: Secondary intracranial neoplasia in the dog: 177 cases (1986–2003). J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 172–177

21.3 Tumoren des exokrinen Pankreas [23] Head LL, Daniel GB, Becker TJ et al.: Use of computed tomography and radiolabeled leukocytes in a cat with pancreatitis. Vet Radiol [1] Allen SW, Cornelius LM, Mahaffey EA: A comparison of two Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 263–266 methods of partial pancreatectomy in the dog. Vet Surg. 1989; 18: 274–278 [24] Head LL, Daniel GB, Tobias K et al.: Evaluation of the feline pancreas using computed tomography and radiolabeled leukocytes. Vet [2] Anderson NV, Johnson KH: Pancreatic carcinoma in the dog. J Am Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 420–428 Vet Med Assoc. 1967; 150: 286–295 [25] Hecht S, Penninck DG, Keating JH: Imaging findings in pancreatic [3] Andrews LK: Tumors of the exocrine pancreas. In: Holzworth J neoplasia and nodular hyperplasia in 19 cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. (Hrsg.): Diseases of the cat. (1. Aufl.). Philadelphia, WB Saunders; 2007; 48: 45–50 1987: 505–507 [26] Hughes D, Goldschmidt MH, Washabau RJ et al.: Serum alpha-1- [4] Bennett PF, Hahn KA, Toal RL et al.: Ultrasonographic and cyto- antitrypsin concentration in dogs with panniculitis. J Am Vet Med pathological diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in the dog Assoc. 1996; 209: 1582–1584 and cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 466–473 [27] Kamano T, Azuma N, Katami A et al.: Preliminary observation on [5] Brabb T, Maggio-Price L, Dale D et al.: Pancreatic adenocarci- pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma induced by intraductal administra- noma in two grey collie dogs with cyclic hematopoiesis. Lab Anim tion of N-ethyl-Nʼ-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in dogs. Jpn J Cancer Sci. 1995; 45: 357–362 Res. 1988; 79: 1–4 [6] Bright JM: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a dog with a maldigestion [28] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell M. Maurus Y et al.: Tumoren der Bauch- syndrome. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 187: 420–421 und Beckenhöhle beim Hund. Klinische, röntgenologische und [7] Brooks DG, Campbell KJ, Dennis JS et al.: Pancreatic paraneoplas- labordiagnostische Befunde bei 145 Patienten. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; – tic alopecia in three cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 557 25: 472–479 563 [29] Kipperman BS, Nelson RW, Griffey SM et al.: Diabetes mellitus [8] Brown PJ, Manson KV, Merrett DJ et al.: Multifocal necrotising and exocrine pancreatic neoplasia in two cats with hyperadrenocor- steatitis associated with pancreatic carcinoma in three dogs. J Small ticism. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1992; 28: 415–418 Anim Pract. 1994; 35: 129–132 [30] Kircher CH, Nielsen SW: Tumours of the pancreas. Bull World [9] Cave TA, Evans H, Hargreaves J et al.: Metabolic epidermal necro- Health Organ. 1976; 53: 195–202 sis in a dog associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, hyperglu- [31] Lamb CR, Simpson KW, Boswood A et al.: Ultrasonography of cagonaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoaminoacidaemia. J Small pancreatic neoplasia in the dog: a retrospective review of 16 cases. Anim Pract. 2007; 48; 522–526 Vet Rec. 1995; 137: 65–68 [10] Chang SC, Liao JW, Lin YC et al.: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma [32] Larsson MHMA, Dagli MLZ, Xavier JG et al.: Obstructive jaundice with intracranial metastasis in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 91– caused by a metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in a cat. 93 Ars Veterinaria. 1989; 5: 113–116 [11] Cobb LF, Merrell RC: Total pancreatectomy in dogs. J Surg Res. [33] Lyon JL, Slattery ML, Mahoney AW et al.: Dietary intake as a risk 1984; 37: 235–240 factor for cancer of the exocrine pancreas. Cancer Epidemiol Bio- [12] Davenport D: Pancreatic carcinoma in twenty dogs and five cats. markers Prev. 1993; 2: 513–518 Proc Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc, 1985 [34] Martinez-Ruzafa I, Dominguez PA, Dervisis NG et al.: Tolerability ʼ [13] Dennis MM, O Brien TD, Wayne T et al.: Hyalinizing pancreatic of gemcitabine and carboplatin doublet therapy in cats with carci- – adenocarcinoma in six dogs. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: 475 483 nomas. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 570–577 [14] Driver J: Statistische Untersuchungen zu Abgangsursachen bei [35] Mayr B, Schaffner G, Reifinger M et al.: K-ras protooncogene Hunden anhand des Sektionsgutes des Institutes für Veterinär- mutations in feline pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Vet Rec. 2003; Pathologie der Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen aus den Jahren 153: 468–469 1978–1992. Vet Med Diss, Giessen 1997 [36] Mayr B, Schaffner G, Reifinger M: K-ras mutations in canine panc- [15] Eloy R, Bouchet P, Clendinnen G et al.: New technique of total reatic cancers. Vet Rec. 2003; 153: 87–89 pancreatectomy without duodenectomy in the dog. Am J Surg. [37] Münster M, Reusch C: Tumoren des exokrinen Pankreas. Tierärztl 1980; 140: 409–412 Prax. 1988; 16: 317–320 [16] Fabbrini F, Anfray P, Viacava P et al.: Feline cutaneous and visceral [38] National Comprehensive Cancer Network: NCCC Clinical Practice necrotizing panniculitis and steatitis associated with a pancreatic Guidelines in Oncology: Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Available at: tumour. Vet Dermatol. 2005; 16: 413–419 www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/pancreatic.pdf. [17] Fazal S, Saif MW: Supportive and palliative care of pancreatic can- Accessed 7/16, 2007 cer. JOP Journal of the Pancreas. 2007; 8: 240–253 [39] Neoptolemos JP, Cunningham D, Friess H et al.: Adjuvant therapy [18] Forman MA, Marks SL, De Cock HE et al.: Evaluation of feline in pancreatic cancer: historical and current perspectives. Ann pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity and helical computed tomogra- Oncol. 2003; 14: 675–692 phy versus conventional testing for the diagnosis of feline pancrea- [40] Newman SJ, Mrkonjich L: Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in feline titis. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 807–815 pancreatic adenocarcinomas. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 590–593 [19] Gerhardt A, Steiner JM, Williams DA et al.: Comparison of the [41] Newman SJ, Steiner JM, Woosley K et al.: Correlation of age and sensitivity of different diagnostic tests for pancreatitis in cats. J Vet incidence of pancreatic exocrine nodular hyperplasia in the dog. Vet Intern Med. 2001; 15: 329–333 Pathol. 2005; 42: 510–513 [20] Ghadirian P, Simard A, Baillargeon J: Tobacco, alcohol, and coffee [42] Ota A, Kusano M, Ishii H et al.: A new reconstructive procedure and cancer of the pancreas. A population-based, case-control study after segmental pancreatectomy: an experimental study of panc- in Quebec, Canada. Cancer. 1991; 67: 2664–2670 reatic end-to-end (duct-to-duct) anastomosis. J Hepatobiliary Panc- [21] Ghaneh P, Costello E, Neoptolemos JP: Biology and management reat Surg. 2001; 8: 342–348 of pancreatic cancer. Gut. 2007; 56: 1134–1152 [43] Owens JM, Drazner FH, Gilbertson SR: Pancreatic disease in the [22] Godfrey DR: A case of feline paraneoplastic alopecia with secondary cat. 1975; 11: 83–89 Malassezia-associated dermatitis. J Small Anim Pract. 1998; 39: [44] Patel A, Whitbread TJ, McNeil PE: A case of metabolic epidermal 394–396 necrosis in a cat. Vet Dermatol. 1996; 7: 221–226

[45] Posch B: Pankreasdiagnostik mittels Computertomographie bei [10] Comstock KE, Lingass F, Kirkness EF et al.: A high-resolution com- Hund und Katze. Vet Med Diss, Veterinärmedizinische Universität parative map of canine chromosome 5q14.3-q33 constructed utili- Wien, 2002 zing the 1.5x canine genome sequence. Mamm Genome. 2004; 15: [46] Priester WA: Data from eleven United States and Canadian colleges 544–551 of veterinary medicine on pancreatic carcinoma in domestic ani- [11] Cosenza SF, Seely JC: Generalized nodular dermatofibrosis and mals. Cancer Res. 1974; 34: 1372–1375 renal cystadenocarcinomas in a German Shepherd dog. J Am Vet [47] Quigley KA, Jackson ML, Haines DM: Hyperlipasemia in 6 dogs Med Assoc. 1986; 189: 1587–1590 with pancreatic or hepatic neoplasia: evidence for tumor lipase pro- [12] Cotchin E: Neoplasia in the cat. Vet Rec. 1957; 69: 425–434 duction. Vet Clin Pathol. 2001; 30: 114–120 [13] Crow SE: Urinary tract neoplasms in dogs and cats. Compend Con- [48] Rüst S: Computertomographische Darstellung des Pankreas beim tin Educ Pract Vet. 1985; 7: 607–618 Hund. Vet Med Diss, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Justus-Liebig- [14] Crow SE, Allen DP, Murphy CJ et al.: Concurrent renal adenocarci- Universität Giessen, 2001 noma and polycythemia in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: [49] Seaman RL: Exocrine pancreatic neoplasia in the cat: a case series. J 29–33 Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 238–245 [15] Crow SE, Bell TG, Wortman JA: Hematuria associated with renal

[50] Spillmann T, Happonen I, Kahkonen T et al.: Endoscopic retro- hemangiosarcoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 176: 531– Literaturverzeichnis grade cholangiopancreatography in healthy beagles. Vet Radiol Ult- 533 rasound. 2005; 46: 97–104 [16] Daniel GB, Mitchell SK, Mawby D et al.: Renal nuclear medicine: A [51] Spillmann T, Moritz A, Burkhardt E: Die Stellung der Laparoskopie review. Vet Radiol. 1999; 40: 572–587 in der Diagnostik von Pankreaserkrankungen. Tierärztl Prax. 2000; [17] Dome JS, Coppes MJ: Recent advances in Wilms Tumor genetics. 28(K): 349–355 Curr Opin Pediatr. 2002; 14: 5–11 [52] Spillmann T, Schnell-Kretschmer H, Dick M et al.: Endoscopic ret- [18] Durno AS, Webb JA, Gauthier MJ et al.: Polycythemia and inap- rograde cholangiopancreatography in dogs with chronic gastro- propriate erythropoietin concentrations in two dogs with renal intestinal problems. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 293–299 T-cell lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2011; 47: 122–128 [53] Srikureja W, Chang KJ: Endoscopic palliation of pancreatic adeno- [19] Eddlestone S, Tabaoda J, Senior D et al.: Renal hemangioma in a carcinoma. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2005; 21: 601–605 dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40:132–135 [54] Steiner JM, Newman SJ, Xenoulis PG et al.: Histologic findings [20] Frimberger AE, Moore AS, Schelling SH: Treatment of nephroblas- and minimally-invasive serum markers in dogs with neoplasia toma in a young dog. J Am Anim Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 596–598 involving the pancreas. Proc 25th Conf. ACVIM, Seattle, WA 2007 [21] Gabor LJ, Malik R, Canfield PJ: Clinical and anatomical features of [55] Sultana A, Smith CT, Cunningham D et al.: Meta-analyses of che- lymphosarcoma in 118 cats. Aust Vet J. 1998, 76: 725–732 motherapy for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer. J [22] Gajanayke I, Priestnall SL, Benigni L et al.: Paraneoplastic hyper- Clin Oncol. 2007; 25: 2607–2615 calcemia in a dog with benign renal angiomyxoma. J Vet Diagn [56] Tasker S, Griffon DJ, Nuttall TJ et al.: Resolution of paraneoplastic Invest. 2010; 22: 775–780 alopecia following surgical removal of a pancreatic carcinoma in a [23] Gasser AM, Bush WW, Smith S et al.: Extradural spinal, bone mar- cat. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 16–19 row, and renal nephroblastoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 80–85 [24] Gorse MJ: Polycythemia associated with renal fibrosarcoma in a 22 Tumoren der Harnorgane dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 793–994 [25] Haers H, Vignoli M, Paes G et al.: Contrast harmonic ultrasonogra- 22.1 Tumoren der Nieren phic appearance of space occupying renal lesions. Vet Radiol Ultra- [1] Baskin GB, De Paoli A: Primary renal neoplasms of the dog. Vet sound. 2010; 51: 516–522 Pathol. 1977; 14: 591–605 [26] Hartmann M, Steidl T: Sekundäre Polyzythämie infolge Nephrob- [2] Batchelor DJ, Bright SR, Ibarrola P et al.: Long-term survival after lastom bei einem Deutschen Schäferhund. Kleintierprax. 1997; 7: combination chemotherapy for bilateral renal malignant lymphoma 577–588 in a dog. N Z Vet J. 2006; 54: 147–150 [27] Hayes HM, Fraumeni JF: Epidemiologic features of canine renal [3] Battaglia L, Petterino C, Zapulli V et al.: Hypoglycemia as a para- neoplasms. Cancer Res. 1977; 37: 2553–2556 neoplastic syndrome associated with renal adenocarcinoma in a [28] Haziroglu R, Kul O, Tunca R et al.: Osteoclast-like giant cell tumour dog. Vet Res Commun. 2005; 29: 671–675 arising from the kidney in a dog. Acta Vet Hung. 2005; 53: 225– [4] Borjesson DL: Renal cytology. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 230 2003; 33: 119–134 [29] Henry CJ, Turnquist SE, Smith A et al.: Primary renal tumors in [5] Bryan JN, Henry CJ, Turnquist SE et al.: Primary renal neoplasia of cats: 19 cases (1992–1998). J Feline Med Surg. 1999; 1: 165–170 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1155–1160 [30] Hess M: Anaplastic renal spindle cell sarcoma in a dog. J Small Anim [6] Carpenter JL, Andrews LK, Holzworth J et al.: Tumors and tumor- Pract. 2010; 51: 407 like lesions. In: Holzworth, J. (Hrsg). Diseases of the cat: medicine [31] Hilscher K, Eberle N: Polyzythämie bei einem Hund mit renalem and surgery. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1987: 406–596 T-Zell-Lymphom. Prakt Tierarzt. 2004; 85: 470–475 [7] Cavana P, Sammartano F, Capucchio MT: Peripheral neuropathy in [32] Huff V: Wilms tumor genetics. Am J Med Genet. 1998; 79: 260– a cat with renal lymphoma. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11. 869–872 267 [8] Caywood DD, Osborne CA, Stevens JB et al.: Hypertrophic osteo- [33] Jonasdottir TJ, Mellersh CS, Moe L et al.: Genetic mapping of a arthropathy associated with an atypical nephroblastoma in a dog. J naturally occurring hereditary renal cancer syndrome in dogs. Proc Am Anim Hosp. 1980; 16: 855–865 Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000; 97: 4132–4137 [9] Chiang YC, Liu CH, Ho SY et al.: Hypertrophic osteopathy associa- [34] Kessler M: Secondary polycythaemia associated with high plasma ted with disseminated metastases of renal cell carcinoma in the erythropoietin concentrations in a dog with necrotizing pyeloneph- dog: a case report. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 209–212 ritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 363–366

[35] Klainbart S, Segev G, Loeb E et al.: Resolution of renal adenocarci- [58] Mooney SC, Hayes AA, Matus RE et al.: Renal lymphoma in cats: noma-induced secondary inappropriate polycythaemia after neph- 28 cases (1977–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987: 191; 1473–1477 rectomy in two cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 264–268 [59] Mosenco AS, Culp WT, Johnson V et al.: Renal cystadenoma in a [36] Klein MK, Cockerell GL, Harris CK et al.: Canine primary renal neo- domestic shorthair. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 102–105 plasms. A retrospective review of 54 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [60] Mott JC, McAnulty JF, Darien DL et al.: Nephron sparing by partial 1988; 24: 443–452 median nephrectomy for treatment of renal hemangioma in a dog. [37] Konde LJ, Wrigley LH, Park RD et al.: Sonographic appearance of J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 1274–1276 renal neoplasia in the dog. Vet Radiol. 1985; 26: 74–81 [61] Munday JS, Egins J, Selcer BA et al.: Renal osteosarcoma in a dog. [38] Krawiec DR, Badertscher RR 2nd, Twardock AR et al.: Evaluation J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 618–622 of 99mTc-DTPA nuclear imaging for quantitative determination of [62] Nafe LA, Herron AJ, Burk RL: Hypertrophic osteopathy in a cat glomerular filtration in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1996; 10: 2175–2179 associated with renal papillary adenoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. [39] Krieger-Huber S, Faussner M.: Nierenkarzinome und noduläre 1981; 17: 659–662 Dermatofibrose mit erblicher Disposition – Eine neue Erbkrankheit [63] Nakayama HT, Hayashi R, Takahashi R et al.: Nephroblastoma beim Deutschen Schäferhund. Kleintierprax. 1985; 30: 235–242 with liver and lung metastases in an adult dog. Jpn J Vet Sci. 1984; [40] Küfner G: Nephroblastom bei einem vier Monate alten Deutschen 46: 897–900 Schäferhund. Prakt Tierarzt. 2000; 81: 6–11 [64] Nelson RW, Hager D, Zanjani ED: Renal lymphosarcoma with inap- [41] Laluha P, Grest P, Eichenberger S et al.: Leiomyom einer Niere propriate erythropoietin production in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. beim Hund: eine seltene Diagnose. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk. 2006; 1983; 182: 1396–1397 148: 303–307 [65] Nitsche EK: Erythrocytosis in dogs and cats: Diagnosis and manage- [42] Lane EP, Lobetti RG: Renal T-cell lymphoma with cerebral metasta- ment. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. 2004; 26: 104–118 sis in a dog with chronic canine ehrlichiosis. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2002; [66] Nowicki M, Rychlik A, Nieradka R et al.: Usefulness of laparoscopy 73: 83–85 guided renal biopsy. Pol J Vet Sci. 2010; 13: 363–371 [43] Lappin R, Latimer KS: Hematuria and extreme neutrophilic leuko- [67] O’Dell-Anderson KJ, Twardock R, Grimm JB et al.: Determination cytosis in a dog with renal tubular carcinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. of glomerular filtration rate in dogs using contrast-enhanced com- 1988; 192: 1289–1292 puted tomography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 127–135 [44] Lascelles BD, Monnet E, Liptak JM et al.: Surgical treatment of [68] Peeters D, Clercx C, Thiry A et al.: Resolution of paraneoplastic right-sided renal lymphoma with invasion of the caudal vena cava. J leucocytosis and hypertrophic osteopathy after resection of a renal Small Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 135–138 transitional cell carcinoma producing granulocyte-macrophage [45] Linehan WM, Walther MM, Zbar B: The genetic basis of cancer of colony-stimulating factor in a young Bull Terrier. J Vet Intern Med. the kidney. J Urol. 2003; 170: 2163–2172 2001; 15: 407–411 [46] Lingaas F, Comstock KE, Kirkness EF et al.: A mutation in the [69] Peterson ME, Zanjani ED: Inappropriate erythropoietin production canine BHD gene is associated with hereditary multifocal renal cyst- in a dog with polycythemia. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 179: 995– adenocarcinoma and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German Shep- 996 herd dog. Hum Mol Genet. 2003; 12: 3043–3053 [70] Picut CA, Valentine BA: Renal fibroma in four dogs. Vet Pathol. [47] Lipp O, Pitschi A, Geyer C: Nierenadenom bei einer Katze mit aku- 1985; 22: 422–423 ter Lahmheit. Tierärztl Prax. 2007; 6: 412 [71] Pressler BM, Williams LE, Ramos-Vara JA et al.: Sequencing of [48] Lium B, Moe L: Hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinoma the von Hippel-Lindau gene in canine renal carcinoma. J Vet Intern and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German shepherd dog: Macros- Med. 2009; 23: 592–597 copic and histopathological changes. Vet Pathol. 1985, 22: 447– [72] Sale CS, Skeritt GC, Smith KC: Spinal nephroblastoma in a cross- 455 bred dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 267–271 [49] Locke JE, Barber LG: Comparative aspects and clinical outcomes of [73] Sato T, Aoki K, Shibuya H et al.: Leiomyosarcoma of the kidney in canine renal hemangiosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 962– a dog. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2003: 50; 366–369 967 [74] Seaman RL, Patton CS: Treatment of renal nephroblastoma in an [50] Lott-Stolz G: Dermatofibrose und Nierenzysten beim Deutschen adult dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 76–79 Schäferhund. Kleintierprax. 1995; 30: 183–184 [75] Taylor SS, Goodfellow MR, Browne WJ et al.: Feline extranodal [51] Madewell BR, Wilson DW, Hornof WJ et al.: Leukemoid blood lymphoma: response to chemotherapy and survival in 110 cats. J response and bone infarcts in a dog with renal tubular adenocarci- Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 584–592 noma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 1623–1625 [76] Teske E, van Straten G, van Noort R et al.: Chemotherapy with [52] Marks SL, Farman CA, Peaston A: Nodular dermatofibrosis and cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP) in cats with renal cystadenocarcinomas in a Golden Retriever. Vet Dermatol. malignant lymphoma: new results with an old protocol. J Vet Intern 1993; 4: 133–137 Med. 2002; 16: 179–186 [53] McConnell JF, Garosi LS, Dennis R et al.: Imaging of spinal neph- [77] Vaden SL, Levine JF, Lees GE et al.: Renal biopsy: a retrospective roblastoma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 537–541 study of methods and complications in 283 dogs and 65 cats. J Vet [54] Militerno G, Bazzo R, Bevilacqua D et al.: Transitional cell carci- Intern Med. 2005, 19: 794–801 noma of the renal pelvis in two dogs. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol [78] Valdes-Martinez A, Cianciolo R, Mai W: Association between Clin Med. 2003; 50: 457–459 renal hypoechoic subcapsular thickening and lymphosarcoma in [55] Mills JHL, Moore JT, Orr JP: Canine renal leiomyoma – an unusual cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 357–260 tumor. Can Vet J. 1977; 18: 76–78 [79] Vail DM, Moore AS, Ogilvie GK et al.: Feline lymphoma (145 [56] Moe L, Lium B: Hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinomas cases): proliferation indices, cluster of differentiation, immunoreac- and nodular dermatofibrosis in 51 German shepherd dogs. J Small tivity, and their association with prognosis in 90 cases. J Vet Intern Anim Pract. 1997; 38: 498–505 Med. 1998; 12: 349–354 [57] Moe L, Lium B: Computed tomography of hereditery multifocal [80] Walter JK, Gutberlet K, Schwegler K et al.: Vorkommen und Häu- renal cystadenocarcinoma in German Shepherd dogs. Vet Radiol figkeit caniner Neoplasien in Sektionsgut. Kleintierprax. 1997; 42: Ultrasound. 1997; 38: 335–343 273–284

[81] Yamazoe K, Ohashi F, Kadosawa T et al.: Computed tomography [11] Brearley MJ, Cooper JE: The diagnosis of bladder disease in dogs of renal masses in dogs and cats. J Vet Med Sci. 1994: 56, 813–816 by cystoscopy. J Small Anim Pract. 1987; 28: 75–85 [82] Zhao D, Yamaguchi R, Tateyama S et al.: Bilateral renal lympho- [12] Brearley MJ, Cooper JE, Wedderburn N: Urinary cytology as an sarcoma in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 1993; 55: 657–659 adjunct to bacteriology in the laboratory investigation of canine bladder disease. J Small Anim Pract. 1986; 27: 425–432 22.2 Tumoren der Harnleiter [13] Brearley MJ, Thatcher C, Cooper JE: Three cases of transitional cell carcinoma in the cat and a review of the literature. Vet Rec. 1986; [1] Berzon JL: Primary leiomyosarcoma of the ureter in a dog. J Am 118: 91–94 Anim Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 175: 374–376 [14] Brodey RS, Riser WH: Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthopathy in [2] Burton CA, Day MJ, Hotston Moore A et al.: Ureteric fibro-epithe- a dog with carcinoma of the urinary bladder. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – lial polyps in two dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1994; 35: 593 596 1973; 162: 474–478 [3] Deschamps JY, Roux FA, Fantinato M et al.: Ureteral sarcoma in a [15] Burnie AG, Weaver AD: Urinary bladder neoplasia in the dog: A – dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 699 701 review of seventy cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1983; 24: 119–143 [4] Farell M, Philbey AW, Ramsey I: Ureteral fibroepithelial polyp in a [16] Chun R, Knapp DW, Widmer WR et al: Cisplatin treatment of dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 409–412 transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in dogs: 18 cases Literaturverzeichnis [5] Font A, Closa JM, Mascort J: Ureteral leiomyoma causing abnormal (1983–1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 209: 1588–1591 – micturition in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1993; 29: 25 27 [17] Chun R, Knapp DW, Widmer WR et al.: Phase II clinical trial of car- [6] Guilherme S, Polton G, Bray J et al.: Ureteral spindel cell sarcoma boplatin in canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 702–704 J Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 279–283 [7] Hanika CR, Rebar AH: Ureteral transitional cell carcinoma. Vet [18] Cooper JE, Milroy JC, Turton JA et al.: Cystoscopic examination of Pathol. 1980; 17: 643–646 male and female dogs. Vet Rec. 1984; 115: 571–574 [8] Hattel AL, Diters RW, Snavely DA: Ureteral fibropapilloma in a [19] Dhawan D, Craig BA, Cheng L et al.: Effects of short term celeco- dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: 873 xib treatment in patients with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of [9] Liska WD, Patnaik AK: Leiomyoma of the ureter of a dog. J Am the urinary bladder. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010; 9: 1371–1377 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1977; 13: 83–84 [20] Dhein CR, Person MW, Leathers CW et al.: Prepubic (suprapubic) [10] Mischke R, Buhl K, Thiele-Fischer C et al.: Ein ungewöhnlicher Fall catheterization of the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 25: 261– von maligner Histiozytose bei einem Berner Sennenhund mit Hyd- 264 ronephrose infolge Tumorzellinfiltration des Ureters. Prakt Tierarzt. [21] Epstein JI, Amin MB, Reuter VR et al.: The World Health Organiza- 2002; 2: 120–127 tion/International Society of Urological Pathology consensus classifi- [11] Reichle JK, Peterson RA, Mahaffey MB et al.: Ureteral fibroepithe- cation of urothelial (transitional cell) neoplasms of the urinary blad- lial polyps in four dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 433–437 der. Bladder Consensus Conference Committee. Am J Surg Pathol. – [12] Steffey M, Rassnick KM, Porter B et al.: Ureteral mast cell tumor 1998; 22: 1435 1448 in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 82–85 [22] Esplin DC: Urinary bladder fibromas in dogs: 51 cases (1981–1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 440–444 22.3 Tumoren der Harnblase [23] Gerber K, Rees P: Urinary bladder botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma with widespread metastases in an 8-month-old Labrador cross dog. [1] Abbo AH, Jones DR, Masters AR et al.: Phase I clinical trial and J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2009; 80: 199–203 pharmacokinetics of intravesical mitomycin C in dogs with localized [24] Glickman LT, Raghavan M, Knapp DW et al.: Herbicide exposure transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. J Vet Intern Med. and the risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in 2010; 24: 1124–1130 Scottish Terriers. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 224:1290–1297 [2] Amling CL: Diagnosis and management of superficial bladder can- [25] Glickman LT, Schofer FS, McKee IJ: Epidemiologic study of insecti- cer. Curr Probl Cancer. 2001; 25: 219–278 cide exposures, obesity, and risk of bladder cancer in household [3] Anderson CR, McNiel EA, Gillette EL et al: Late complications of dogs, J Toxicol Environ Health. 1989; 28: 407–414 pelvic irradiation in 16 dogs, Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 187– [26] Greene SN, Lucroy MD, Greenberg CB et al.: Evaluation of cispla- 192 tin administered with piroxicam in dogs with transitional cell carci- [4] Beam SL, Rassnick KM, Moore AS et al.: An immunohistochemical noma of the urinary bladder. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007, 231:1056– study of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in various feline neoplasms. 1060 Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 496–500 [27] Halliwell WH, Ackerman N: Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma of the [5] Benigni L, Lamb CR, Corzo-Menendez N et al.: Lymphoma affec- urinary bladder and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in a young dog. ting the urinary bladder in three dogs and a cat. Vet Radiol Ultra- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1974; 165: 911–913 sound. 2006, 47: 592–596 [28] Hayes Jr HM: Canine bladder cancer: epidemiologic features. Am J [6] Biller, DS, Kantrowitz B, Partington BP et al.: Diagnostic ultra- Epidemiol. 1976; 104: 673–677 sound of the urinary bladder. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: [29] Hayes Jr HM, Hoover R, Tarone RE: Bladder cancer in pet dogs: a 397–402 sentinel for environmental cancer? Am J Epidemiol. 1981; 114: [7] Billet JP, Moore AH, Holt PE: Evaluation of a bladder tumor antigen 229–233 test for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract malignancies in dogs. [30] Helfand SC, Hamilton TA, Hungerford LL et al.: Comparison of Am J Vet Res. 2002, 63: 370–373 three treatments for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in [8] Bloomberg SD, Brosman SA, Hausman MS et al.: The effects of the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 270–275 BCG on the dog bladder. Invest Urol. 1975; 12: 423–427 [31] Heng HG, Lowry JE, Boston S et al.: Smooth muscle neoplasia of [9] Boria PA, Glickman NW, Schmidt BR et al.: Carboplatin and piroxi- the urinary bladder in three dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: cam in 31 dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary blad- 83–86 der. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 73–78 [32] Henry CJ, McCaw DL, Turnquist SE et al.: Clinical evaluation of [10] Borjesson DL, Christopher MM, Ling GV: Detection of canine tran- mitoxantrone and piroxicam in a canine model of human invasive sitional cell carcinoma using a bladder tumor antigen dipstick test. urinary bladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2003; 9: 906–911 Vet Clin Pathol. 1999; 28: 33–38

[33] Henry CJ, Tyler JW, McEntee MC et al.: Evaluation of a bladder [54] Macy DW, Withrow SJ, Hoopes J: Transitional cell carcinoma of tumor antigen test as a screening test for transitional cell carcinoma the bladder associated with cyclophosphamide administration. J of the lower urinary tract in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2003; 64: 1017– Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1983; 19: 965–969 1020 [55] Madarame H, Ito A, Tanaka R: Urinary bladder rhabdomyosaroma [34] Holt PE, Lucke VM, Brown PJ: Evaluation of a catheter biopsy tech- (Botryoid Rhabdomyosarcoma) in a Labrador Retriever dog. J Toxicol nique as a diagnostic aid in lower urinary tract disease. Vet Rec. Pathol. 2003; 16: 279–281 1986; 118: 681–684 [56] Magunna C, Spellmeyer O, Hund M et al.: Augmentation der [35] Huland E, Huland H: Local continuous high dose interleukin 2: a Harnblase nach radikaler Resektion: erste klinische Erfahrungen mit new therapeutic model for the treatment of advanced bladder car- einem Xenoimplantat aus der Dünndarmsubmukosa des Schweins cinoma. Cancer Res. 1989; 49: 5469–5474 bei Hund und Katze. Kleintierprax. 1999; 44: 805–884 [36] Huland E, Huland H: Tumor-associated eosinophilia in interleukin- [57] Maiolino P, DeVico G: Primary epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma of 2-treated patients: evidence of toxic eosinophilic degranulation on the urinary bladder in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2000; 37:184–186 bladder cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1992; 118:463–467 [58] Marconato L, Zini E, Suslak-Brown L et al.: Toxic effext and antitu- [37] Hume C, Seiler G, Porat-Mosenco Y et al.: Cystosonographic mea- mor response of gemcitabine in combination with piroxicam treat- surements of canine bladder tumors. Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: ment in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. 122–126 J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2011; 238: 1004–1010 [38] Kahn KN, Knapp DW, DeNicola DB et al.: Expression of cyclooxy- [59] Martinez SA, Schulman AJ: Hemangiosarcoma of the urinary blad- genase-2 in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in dogs. Am J der in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 655–656 Vet Res. 2000; 61: 478–481 [60] McCarthy RJ, Lipowitz AJ, OʼBrien TD: Continent jejunal reservoir [39] Kelly DF: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in dogs. Vet (Kock pouch) for urinary diversion in dogs. Vet Surg. 1992; 21: Pathol. 1973; 10: 375–384 208–216 [40] Kessler M, Kandel-Tschiederer B, Pfleghaar S et al.: Primary [61] McCaw DL, Hogan PM, Shaw DP: Canine urinary bladder transitio- malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder in a dog: longterm nal cell carcinoma with skull metastasis and unusual pulmonary remission following treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. metastases. Can Vet J. 1988; 29: 386–388 Schweiz Arch Tierheilk. 2008; 150: 565–569 [62] McCleary-Wheeler AL, Williams LE, Hess PR et al.: Evaluation of [41] Knapp DW, Adams LG, DeGrand AM et al.: Sentinel lymph node an in vitro telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay to detect mapping of invasive urinary bladder cancer in animal models using telomerase activity in canine urine. Am J Vet Res. 2010; 71: 1468– invisible light. Eur Urol. 2007; 52: 1700–1708 1474 [42] Knapp DW, Chan TC, Kuczek T et al.: Evaluation of in vitro cytoto- [63] McLoughlin MA, Walshaw R, Thomas MW et al.: Gastric urinary xicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against canine tumor diversion in normal dog Part l: Upper urinary tract structure, func- cells. Am J Vet Res. 1995; 56: 801–805 tion, and sepsis. Vet Surg. 1992; 21: 25–32 [43] Knapp DW, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB et al.: Naturally-occurring [64] McLoughlin MA, Walshaw R, Thomas MW et al.: Gastric urinary canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a relevant diversion in normal dogs Part 2: hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. model of human invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol. 2000; 5: 47– Vet Surg. 1992; 21: 33–39 59 [65] Meuten DJ: Tumors of the urinary bladder and urethra. In: Meuten [44] Knapp DW, Glickman NW, Widmer WR et al.: Cisplatin versus DJ (Hrsg.): Tumors in domestic animals. 4. Aufl. Iowa State Press, cisplatin combined with piroxicam in a canine model of human Ames, 2002, 524–546 invasive urinary bladder cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. [66] Mohammed SI, Craig BA, Mutsaers AJ et al.: Effects of the cyclo- 2000; 46: 221–226 oxygenase inhibitor piroxicam in combination with chemotherapy [45] Knapp DW, Richardson GC, Bottoms GD et al.: Phase I trial of pri- on tumor response, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a canine model oxicam in 62 dogs bearing naturally occurring tumors. Cancer Che- of human invasive urinary bladder cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003; mother Pharmacol. 1992; 29: 214–218 2: 183–188 [46] Knapp DW, Richardson RC, Chan TC et al.: Piroxicam therapy in [67] Moore AS, Cardona A, Shapiro W et al.: Cisplatin (cisdiammine- 34 dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. J Vet dichloroplatinum) for treatment of transitional cell carcinoma of Intern Med. 1994; 8: 273–278 the urinary bladder or urethra: a retrospective study of 15 dogs. J [47] Knottenbelt C, Mellor D, Nixon C et al.: Cohort study of COX-1 Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 148–152 and COX-2 expression in canine rectal and bladder tumours. J Small [68] Montgomery RD, Hankes GH: Ureterocolonic anastomosis in a Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 196–200 dog with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Am Vet Med [48] Kuwamura M, Yoshida H, Yamate J et al.: Urinary bladder rhabdo- Assoc. 1987, 190: 1427–1429 myosarcoma (sarcoma botryoides) in a young Newfoundland dog. J [69] Murphy S, Gutierrez A, Lawrence J et al.: Laparoscopically implan- Vet Med Sci. 1998; 60: 619–621 ted tissue expander radiotherapy in canine transitional cell carci- [49] Lamb CR, Trower ND, Gregory SP: Ultrasound-guided catheter noma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; 49: 400–405 biopsy of the lower urinary tract: technique and results in 12 dogs. J [70] Mutsaers AJ, Widmer WR, Knapp DW: Canine transitional cell car- Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 413–416 cinoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 136–144 [50] Lee JY, Tanabe S, Shimohira H et al.: Expression of cyclooxyge- [71] Nickel RF, Eiermann C, Teske E et al.: Local IL-2 therapy of lower nase-2, P-glycoprotein and multi-drug resistance-associated protein urinary tract carcinomas in dogs. Anticancer Research. 1999, 19: in canine transitional carcinoma. Res Vet Sci. 2007; 83: 210–216 2009–2010 [51] Leveille R, Biller DS, Kantrowitz B et al.: Sonographic investiga- [72] Nickel RF: Interleukin-2 treatment of bladder and urethral carci- tion of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in small noma in dogs and cats. Proc. ECVS Ann Meeting Seville, 2006 animals. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1992; 33: 103–107 [73] Nikula KJ, Benjamin SA, Angleton GM et al.: Transitional cell carci- [52] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Withrow SJ: Hemangiosarcoma of the uri- noma of the urinary tract in a colony of beagle dogs. Vet Pathol. nary bladder in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2004; 82: 215–217 1989; 26: 455–461 [53] Lucroy MD, RidgwayTD, Peavy GM et al.: Preclinical evaluation of [74] Norris AM, Laing EJ, Valli VE et al.: Canine bladder and urethral 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy for canine tran- tumors: a retrospective study of 115 cases (1980–1985). J Vet sitional cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2003; 1: 76–85 Intern Med. 1992; 6: 145–153

[75] Nyland TG, Wallack ST, Wisner ER: Needle tract implantation fol- [96] Smith JD, Vaden SL, Stone EA et al.: Management and complica- lowing US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of transitional cell tions following trigonal-colonic anastomosis in a dog: five-year eva- carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, and prostate. Vet Radiol Ultra- luation. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: 29–35 sound. 2002; 43: 50–53 [97] Stamps P, Harris DL: Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary [76] Ogilvie GK, Obradovich JE, Elmslie RE et al.: Efficacy of Mitoxant- bladder of a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1968; 153: 1064–1068 rone against various neoplasms in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; [98] Stengel H, Kirchhof N, Möller-Seeling A: Botryoide Rhabdomyo- 198: 1618–1621 sarkome in der Harnblase junger Hunde. Prakt Tierarzt. 1997, 78: [77] Olausson A, Stieger SM, Loefgren S et al.: A urinary bladder fibro- 186–194 sarcoma in a young dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005, 46: 135–138 [99] Stockhaus C, Werner HG: Die Exfoliativzytologie des Harnes: Eine [78] Osborne CA, Low DG, Perman V et al.: Neoplasms of the canine hilfreiche Methode in der Diagnostik von Tumoren des Harntraktes. and feline urinary bladder. Incidence, etiologic factors, occurrence Kleintierprax. 1996; 41: 553–560 and pathologic features. Am J Vet Res. 1968; 29: 2041–2055 [100] Stone EA, George TF, Gilson SE et al.: Partial cystectomy for uri- [79] Owen LN: TNM classification of tumors in domestic animals. 1. nary bladder neoplasia: surgical technique and outcome in 11 dogs. Aufl., Geneva: World Health Organization: 1980, 34 J Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 480–485

[80] Patnaik AK, Greene RW: Intravenous leiomyoma of the bladder in [101] Stone EA, Withrow SJ, Page RL et al.: Ureterocolonic anastomosis Literaturverzeichnis a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 175: 381–383 in ten dogs with transitional cell carcinoma. Vet Surg. 1988; 17: [81] Patnaik AK, Schwarz PD, Greene RW: A histopathologic study of 147–153 twenty urinary bladder neoplasms in the cat. J Small Anim Pract. [102] Takiguchi M, Watanabe T, Okada H et al.: Rhabdomyosarcoma 1986; 27: 433–445 (botryoid sarcoma) of the urinary bladder in a Maltese. J Small Anim [82] Patrick DJ, Fitzgerald SD, Sesterhenn IA et al.: Classification of Pract. 2002; 43: 269–271 canine urinary bladder urothelial tumours based on the World [103] Teunissen GH, Misdorp W: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology bladder and fibromatosis of the extremities in a young dog. Zbl Vet consensus classification. J Comp Pathol. 2006; 135: 190–199 Med A. 1968; 15: 81–88 [83] Perry RE, Weller RE, Dagle GE: Transitional cell carcinoma of the [104] Upton ML, Tangner CH, Payton ME: Evaluation of carbon dioxide bladder with skeletal metastases in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. laser ablation combined with mitoxantrone and piroxicam treat- 1989; 25: 547–551 ment in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [84] Poirier VJ, Forrest LJ, Adams WM et al.: Piroxicam, mitoxantrone, 2006; 228: 549–552 and coarse fraction radiotherapy for the treatment of transitional [105] Valli VE, Norris A, Jacobs RM et al.: Pathology of canine bladder cell carcinoma of the bladder in 10 dogs: a pilot study. J Am Anim and urethral cancer and correlation with tumour progression and Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40:131–136 survival. J Comp Pathol. 1995; 113: 113–130 [85] Raghavan M, Knapp DW, Bonney PL et al.: Evaluation of the [106] Van Noort R: Four unusual cases of malignant lymphoma in the effect of dietary vegetable consumption on reducing risk of transi- dog and cat. Tijdschr Diergeneesk. 1997; 122: 502–505 tional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in Scottish terriers. J Am [107] Van Vechten M, Goldschmidt MH, Wortman JA: Embryonal rhab- Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 94–100 domyosarcoma of the urinary bladder in dogs. Comp Contin Educ [86] Raghavan M, Knapp DW, Dawson MH et al.: Topical spot-on flea Pract Vet. 1990; 12: 783–793 and tick products and the risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the [108] Vignoli M, Rossi F, Terragni R et al.: Needle tract implantation urinary bladder in Scottish terrier dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; after fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of transitional cell carci- 225: 389–394 noma of the urinary bladder and adenocarcinoma of the lung. [87] Rankin WV, Henry CJ, Turnquist SE et al.: Comparison of distribu- Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2007; 149: 314–318 tions of survivin among tissues from urinary bladders of dogs with [109] Walker M, Breider M: Intraoperative radiotherapy of canine blad- cystitis, transitional carcinoma, or histologically normal urinary der cancer. Vet Radiol. 1987; 28: 200–204 bladders. Am J Vet Res. 2008; 69: 1073–1078 [110] Walker DB, Cowell RL, Clinkenbeard KD et al.: Carcinoma in the [88] Ridgway TD, Lucroy MD: Phototoxic effects of 635-nm light on urinary bladder of a cat: cytologic findings and a review of the lite- canine transitional cell carcinoma cells incubated with 5-aminolevu- rature. Vet Clin Pathol. 1993; 22: 103–108 linic acid. Am J Vet Res. 2003; 64:131–136 [111] Walter JH, Gutberlet K, Schwegler K et al.: Vorkommen und Häu- [89] Rocha TA, Mauldin GN, Patnaik AK et al.: Prognostic factors in figkeit caniner Neoplasien in Sektionsgut. Kleintierprax. 1997; 42: dogs with urinary bladder carcinoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 273–284 486–490 [112] Walter PA, Haynes JS, Feeney DA et al.: Radiographic appearance [90] Saulnier-Troff FG, Busoni V, Hamaide A: A technique for resection of pulmonary metastases from transitional cell carcinoma. J Am of invasive tumors involving the trigone area of the bladder in dogs: Anim Hosp Assoc. 1984, 185:411–418 preliminary results in two dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 427–437 [113] Weisse C, Berent A, Todd K et al.: Evaluation of palliative stenting [91] Senior DF, Lawrence DT, Gunson C et al.: Successful treatment of for management of malignant urethral obstructions in dogs. J Am botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma in the bladder of a dog. J Am Anim Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 226–234 Hosp Assoc. 1993; 29: 386–390 [114] Weller RE, Wolf AM, Oyejide A: Transitional cell carcinoma of the [92] Schmidt RE: Transitional cell carcinoma metastatic to the eye of a bladder associated with cyclophosphamide therapy in a dog. J Am dog. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 832–834 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1979; 15: 733–736 [93] Schwarz PD, Egger EL, Klause SE: Modified cup-patch ileocysto- [115] Wilson HM, Chun R, Larson VS et al.: Clinical signs, treatments, plasty for urinary bladder reconstruction in a dog. J Am Vet Med and outcome in cats with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary Assoc. 1991; 198: 273–277 bladder: 20 cases (1990–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: [94] Schwarz PD, Greene RW, Patnaik AK: Urinary bladder tumors in 101–106. the cat: a review of 27 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985; 21: [116] Wimberly HC, Lewis RM: Transitional cell carcinoma in the domes- 237–245 tic cat. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 223–228 [95] Shapiro W, Kitchell BE, Fossum TW et al.: Cisplatin for treatment [117] Withrow SJ, Gillette EL, Hoopes PJ et al.: Intraoperative irradiation of transitional cell and squamous cell carcinomas in dogs. J Am Vet of 16 spontaneously occurring canine neoplasms. Vet Surg. 1989; Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 1530–1533 18: 7–11

22.4 Tumoren der Harnröhre [23] Smith JD, Stone EA, Gilson SD: Placement of a permanent cystostomy catheter to relieve urine outflow obstruction in dogs with [1] Baines SJ, Rennie S, White RS: Prepubic urethrostomy: a long- transitional cell carcinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 496– term study in 16 cats. Vet Surg. 2001; 30: 107–113 499 [2] Barrett RE, Nobel TA: Transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra in a [24] Stiffler KS, McCrackin Stevenson MA et al.: Clinical use of low- cat. Cornell Vet. 1976; 66: 14–26 profile cystostomy tubes in four dogs and a cat. J Am Vet Med [3] Beck AL, Grierson JM, Ogden DM et al.: Outcome of and compli- Assoc. 2003; 223: 325–329 cations associated with tube cystostomy in dogs and cats: 76 cases [25] Struble AL, Lawson GW, Ling GV: Urethral obstruction in a dog: (1995–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: 1184–1189 an unusual presentation of T-cell lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp [4] Brearley MJ, Cooper JE: The diagnosis of bladder disease in dogs Assoc. 1997; 33: 423–426 by cystoscopy. J Small Anim Pract. 1987; 28: 75–85 [26] Swalec KM, Smeak DD, Baker AL: Urethral leiomyoma in a cat. J [5] Christensen NI, Culvenor J, Langova V: Fluoroscopic stent place- Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 961–962 ment for the relief of malignant urethral obstruction in a cat. Aust [27] Takagi S, Kadosawa T, Ishiguro T et al.: Urethral transitional cell Vet J. 2010; 88: 478–482 carcinoma in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; 46: 504–506 [6] Clark WT, Shaw SE, Pass DA: Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urethra [28] Tarvin G, Patnaik A, Green R: Primary urethral tumors in dogs. J in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1984; 28: 203–207 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978; 172: 931–933 [7] Davies JV, Read HM: Urethral tumours in dogs. J Small Anim Pract. [29] Ticer JW, Spencer CP, Ackerman N: Positive contrast retrograde 1990; 31: 131–136 urethrography: A useful procedure for evaluating urethral disorders [8] Davies JV, Read HM: Sagittal pubic osteotomy in the investigation in the dog. Vet Radiol. 1980; 21: 2–5 and treatment of intrapelvic neoplasia in the dog. J Small Anim [30] Ticer JW, Spencer CP, Ackerman N: Transitional cell carcinoma oft Pract. 1990; 31: 123–130 the urethra in four female dogs: its urethrographic appearance. Vet [9] Davis GJ, Holt D: Two chondrosarcomas in the urethra of a German Radiol. 1980; 21: 12–17 shepherd dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 169–171 [31] Upton ML, Tangner CH, Payton ME: Evaluation of carbon dioxide [10] Dhein CR, Person MW: Prepubic catheterisation of eight dogs with laser ablation combined with mitoxantron and piroxicam treatment lower urinary tract disorders. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 223: in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; – 325 329 228: 549–552 [11] Holt PE, Gibbs C, Latham J: An evaluation of positive-contrast- [32] Weisse C, Berent A, Todd K et al.: Evaluation of palliative stenting vagino-urethrography as a diagnostic aid in the bitch. J Small Anim for management of malignant urethral obstructions in dogs. J Am – Pract. 1984; 25: 531 540 Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 226–234 [12] Holt PE, Lucke VM, Brown PJ: Evaluation of a catheter biopsy tech- [33] White RN, Davies JV, Gregory SP: Vaginourethroplasty for treat- nique as a diagnostic aid in lower urinary tract disease. Vet Rec. ment of urethral obstruction in the bitch. Vet Surg. 1996; 25: 503– – 1986; 118: 681 684 510 [13] Knapp DW, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB et al.: Naturally-occurring [34] Wilson HM, Chun R, Larson VS et al.: Clinical signs, treatments canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a relevant and outcome in cats with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary – model of human invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol. 2000; 5: 47 bladder. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: 101–106 59 [35] Wilson YL, Merer DM, Moscatello AL: Comparison of three com- [14] Knapp DW, Glickman NW, Widmer WR et al.: Cisplatin versus mon tonsillectomy techniques: a prospective randomized, double– cisplatin combined with piroxicam in a canine model of human blinded clinical study. Laryngoscope. 2009; 119: 162–170 invasive urinary bladder cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. [36] Yoshioka MM, Carb A: Antepubic urethrostomy in the dog. J Am 2000; 46: 221–226 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: 290–294 [15] Ko GY, Kim GC, Seo TS et al.: Covered, retrievable, expandable urethral nitinol stent: feasibility study in dogs. Radiology. 2002; 223: 83–90 23 Tumoren der Geschlechtsorgane [16] Lamb CR, Trower ND, Gregory SP: Ultrasound-guided catheter biopsy of the lower urinary tract: technique and results in 12 dogs. J 23.1 Tumoren der weiblichen Geschlechtsorgane Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 413–416 [17] Liehmann LM, Doyle, Powell RM: Transpelvic urethrostomy in a [1] Anderson C, Pratschke K: Uterine adenocarcinoma with abdominal Staffordshire bull terrier: a new technique in the dog. J Small Anim metastases in an ovariohysterectomised cat. J Fel Med Surg. 2011; – Pract. 2010; 51: 325–329 13: 44 47 [18] Liptak IM, Brutscher SP, Monnet E et al.: Transurethral resection [2] Basaraba RJ, Kraft SL, Andrews GA et al.: An ovarian teratoma in – in the management of urethral and prostatic neoplasia in 6 dogs. a cat. Vet Pathol. 1998; 35: 141 144 Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 505–516 [3] Bilbrey SA, Withrow SJ, Klein MK: Vulvovaginectomy and perineal [19] Magne ML, Hoopes PJ, Kainer RA et al.: Urinary tract carcinomas urethrostomy for neoplasms of the vulva and vagina. Vet Surg. – involving the canine vagina and vestibule. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 18: 450 453 1985; 21: 767–772 [4] Brodey RS, Roszel JF: Neoplasms of the canine uterus, vagina and [20] Moroff SD, Brown BA, Matthiesen DT et al.: Infiltrative urethral vulva: a clinicopathologic survey of 90 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – disease in female dogs: 41 cases (1980–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1967; 151: 1294 1307 1991; 199: 247–251 [5] Bomhard von D: Weibliche Geschlechtsorgane. In: Nolte I, Nolte M [21] Newman RG, Mehler SJ, Kitchell BE et al.: Use of a balloon-expan- (Hrsg.): Praxis der Onkologie bei Hund und Katze, Epidemiologie, – dable metallic stent to relieve malignant urethral obstruction in a Enke-Verlag. Stuttgart, 2001, 98 100 cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 234: 236–239 [6] Brodey RS: Canine and feline neoplasia. Adv Vet Sci Med. 1970; 14: – [22] Norris AM, Laing EJ, Valli VE et al.: Canine bladder and urethral 309 354 tumors: a retrospective study of 115 cases (1980–1985). J Vet [7] Buijtels JJCWM, Gier J, Kooistra HS et al.: Alterations of the pitui- Intern Med. 1992; 6: 145–153 tary-ovarian axis in dogs with functional granulosa cell tumor. The- riogenology. 2010; 73: 11–19

[8] Cellio LM, Degner DA: Testosterone-producing thecoma in a [32] Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS: Disorders of the canine female cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 323–325 vagina, vestibule and vulva. In: Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson [9] Cooper TK, Ronnett BM, Ruben DS et al.: Uterine myxoid leiomy- PNS (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Theriogenology. 2001; WB Saunders sarcoma with widespread metastases in a cat. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: Company, 2001; 225–242 552–556 [33] Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS: Disorders of the feline [10] Cotchin A, Harvey HJ: Treatment of metastatic granulosa cell vagina, vestibule and vulva. In: Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson tumor in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 174: 1304–1306 PNS (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Theriogenology. 2001; WB Saunders Company, 2001; 472–473 [11] Cotchin E: Canine ovarian neoplasms. Res Vet Sci. 1961; 2: 133– 142 [34] Kennedy PC, Cullen JM, Edwards JF et al.: Histological classification of tumors of the genital system of domestic animals. Published [12] Cotchin E: Neoplasia in the cat. Vet Rec. 1957; 69: 425–434 by the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D. C., [13] de Vos JH: Uterine and cervical carcinomas in five dogs. J Vet Med A 1998 1988; 35: 385–390 [35] Koch F, Kaiser E: Uteruskarzinom bei einem Hund. Tierärztl Wschr. [14] Diez-Bru N, Garcia-Real I, Martinez EM et al.: Ultrasonographic 1970; 89: 373–377 appearance of ovarian tumors in 10 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound.

[36] Kydd DM, Burnie AG: Vaginal neoplasia in the bitch: A review of 40 Literaturverzeichnis 1998; 39: 226–233 clinical cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1986; 27: 255–263 [15] Dillberger J E, Altmann NH: A canine ovarian germ cell tumor with [37] Lium B, Moe L: Hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinomas extraembryonic differentiation. Vet Pathol. 1987; 24: 96–98 and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German shepherd: Macroscopic [16] Dow C: Ovarian abnormalities in the bitch. J Comp Pathol. 1960; and histopathologic changes. Vet Pathol. 1985; 22: 447–455 70: 59–69 [38] Marino G, Quartuccio M, Cristarella S et al.: Adenoma of the ute- [17] Eker K, Salmanoglu MR, Vural SA: Unilateral leiomyoma in the rine tube in the bitch: two case reports. Vet Res Comm. 2007; 31: mesosalpinx of a dog. J Am Vet Med Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 392– 173–175 394 [39] Millán Y, Gordon A, de los Monteros AE et al.: Steroid receptors [18] Engle GC, Brodey RS: A retrospective study of 395 feline neo- in canine and human female genital tract tumours with smooth plasms. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1969; 5: 21–25 muscle differentiation. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 197–201 [19] Gelberg HB, McEntee K: Feline ovarian neoplasms. Vet Pathol. [40] Miller MA, Ramos-Vara JA, Dickerson MF et al.: Uterine neoplasia 1985; 22: 572–576 in 13 cats. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2003; 15: 575–522 [20] Gil da Costa RM, Santos M, Amorim I et al.: An immunohistoche- [41] Moore AS, Kirk C, Cardona A: Intracavitary cisplatin chemotherapy mical study of feline endometrial adenocarcinoma. J Comp Pathol. experience with 6 dogs. J Vet Int Med. 1991; 5: 227–231 2009; 140: 254–259 [42] Murphy ST, Kruger JM, Watson GL: Uterine adenocarcinoma in [21] Greene JA, Richardson RC, Thornhill JA et al.: Ovarian papillary the dog. A case report and review. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; cystadenocarcinoma in a bitch: case report and literature review. J 30: 440–444 Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1979; 15: 351–356 [43] Nielsen SW: Classification of tumors in dogs and cats. J Am Anim [22] Greenlee PG, Patnaik AK: Canine ovarian tumors of germ cell ori- Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 13–52 gin. Vet Pathol. 1985; 22: 117–122 [44] Nielsen SW, Misdorp W, McEntee K: Tumors of the ovary. Bull [23] Günzel-Apel A-R, Buschhaus J, Urhausen C et al.: Klinische Symp- WHO 1976; 53: 203–215 tomatik, diagnostische Vorgehensweise und Therapie beim so [45] Nolte I, Nolte M: Tumoren der weiblichen Geschlechtsorgane. In: genannten Ovarrest-Syndrom der Hündin. Tierärztl Prax. 2012; 40: Nolte I, Nolte M (Hrsg.): Praxis der Onkologie bei Hund und Katze. 35–42 Enke-Verlag. Stuttgart, 2000, 98–100 [24] Hayes HM, Young JL: Epidemiologic features of canine ovarian neo- [46] Norris HJ, Garner FM, Taylor HB: Pathology of feline ovarian neoplasms. Gynecol Oncol. 1978; 6: 348–353 plasms. J Pathol. 1969; 97: 138–143 [25] Herron MA: Tumors of the canine genital system. J Am Anim Hosp [47] OʼRourke MD, Geib L: Endometrial adenocarcinoma in a cat. Cor- Assoc. 1983; 19: 981–994 nell Vet. 1970; 60: 598–604 [26] Hill TP, Lobetti RG, Schulman ML: Vulvovaginectomy and neo- [48] Olsen J, Komtebedde J, Lackner A et al.: Cytoreductive treatment urethrostomy for treatment of haemangiosarcoma of the vulva and of ovarian carcinoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 133–135 vagina. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2000; 71: 256–259 [49] Patnaik AK, Greenlee PG: Canine ovarian neoplasms: A clinico- [27] Hori Y, Uechi M, Kanakubo K et al.: Canine ovarian serous papil- pathologic study of 71 cases, including history of 12 granulosa cell lary adenocarcinoma with neoplastic hypercalcemia. J Vet Med Sci. tumors. Vet Pathol. 1987; 24: 509–514 2006; 68: 979–982 [50] Payne-Johnson CE, Kelly DF, Davies PT: Endometrial carcinoma in [28] Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS: Disorders of the canine a young dog. J Comp Pathol. 1986; 96: 463–467 ovary. In: Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Theriogenology. 2001; WB Saunders Company, 2001; 193– [51] Pesch S, Wehrend A: Ovartumor bei einer Hündin mit Pyometra. 205 Tierärztl Prax. 2008; 36: 337–338, 346–350 [29] Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS: Disorders of the feline [52] Pires MA, Seixas F, Palmeira C et al.: Histopathologic and immu- ovary. In: Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS (Hrsg.): Canine and nohistochemical exam in one case of canine endometrial adenocar- Feline Theriogenology. 2001; WB Saunders Company, 2001; 453– cinoma. Reprod Domest Anim. 2010; 45: 545–549 462 [53] Salomon JF, Deneuche A, Viguier E: Vaginectomy and urethro- [30] Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS: Disorders of the canine plasty as a treatment for non-pedunculated vaginal tumours in four uterus and uterine tubes. In: Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS bitches. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 157–161 (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Theriogenology. 2001; WB Saunders [54] Rollón E, Millán Y, de las Mulas JM: Effects of aglepristone, a pro- Company, 2001; 206–224 gesterone receptor antagonist, in a dog with a vaginal fibroma. J [31] Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS: Disorders of the feline Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 41–43 uterus and uterine tubes. In: Johnston SD, Kustritz MVR, Olson PNS [55] Sato T, Maeda H, Suzuki A et al.: Endometrial stromal sarcoma (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Theriogenology. 2001; WB Saunders with smooth muscle and glandular differentiation of the feline ute- Company, 2001; 463–471 rus. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 379–382

[56] Schlafer DH, Miller RB: Neoplastic diseases of the ovary. In: Maxie [11] Ferreira AJ, Jaggy A, Varejão AP et al.: Brain and ocular metastases MG, Jubb KVF, Kennedy PC (Hrsg.): Pathology of domestic animals, from a transmissible venereal tumour in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 5. Aufl. Saunders Elsevier, New York 2007; 450–456 2000; 41: 165–168 [57] Schlafer DH, Miller RB: Neoplastic diseases of the tubular genitalia. [12] Gonzalez CM, Griffey SM, Naydan DK et al.: Canine transmissible In: Maxie MG, Jubb KVF, Kennedy PC (Hrsg.): Pathology of domestic venereal tumour: a morphological and immunohistochemical study animals, 5. Aufl. Saunders Elsevier, New York 2007; 545–549 of 11 tumours in growth phase and during regression after chemo- [58] Schmidt RE, Langham RF: A survey of feline neoplasms. J Am Vet therapy. J Comp Pathol. 2000; 122: 241–248 Med Assoc. 1967; 151: 1325–1328 [13] Harmelin A, Zuckerman A, Nyska A: Correlation of Ag-NOR pro- [59] Seyrek-Intras K, Wehrend A, Nak Y et al.: Unilateral hysterectomy tein measurements with prognosis in canine transmissible venereal (cornuectomy) in the bitch and its effect on subsequent fertility. tumour. J Comp Pathol. 1995; 112: 429–433 Theriogenology 2004; 61: 1712–1717 [14] Hess AD, Catchatourian R, Zander AR et al.: Intralesional Bacillus [60] Sontas BH, Özyogurtcu H, Turna Ö et al.: Uterine Leiomyoma in a Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy of canine venereal tumors. Can- spayed poodle bitch. A case report . Reprod Domest Anim. 2010; cer Res. 1977; 37: 3990–3994 45: 550–554 [15] Hsiao YW, Liao KW, Hung SW et al.: Effect of tumor infiltrating [61] Stein BS: Tumors of the feline genital tract. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. lymphocytes on the expression of MHC molecules in canine trans- 1981; 17: 1022–1025 missible venereal tumor cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2002; 87: 19–27 [62] Thacher C, Bradley RL: Vulvar and vaginal tumors in the dog: A retrospective study. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983; 183: 690–692 [16] Idowu AL: A retrospective evaluation of four surgical methods of treating canine transmissible venereal tumor. J Sm Anim Pract. [63] Tsioli VG, Gouletsou PG, Loukopoulos P et al.: Uterine leiomyosar- 1984; 25: 193–198 coma and pyometra in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2011; 52: 121– 124 [17] Katzir N, Arman E, Cohen D et al.: Common origin of transmissible venereal tumors (TVT) in dogs. Oncogene. 1987; 1: 445–448 [64] Wardrip SJ, Esplin DG: Uterine carcinoma with metastasis to the myocardium. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1984; 20: 261–264 [18] Laging C, Kröning T: Beobachtungen zum übertragbaren veneri- schen Tumor (Sticker) beim Hund. Tierarztl Prax. 1989; 17: 85–87 [65] Wenzlow N, Tivers MS, Selmic LE et al.: Haemangiosarcoma in the uterine remnant of a spayed female dog. J Small Anim Pract. [19] Liao KW, Hung SW, Hsiao YW et al.: Canine transmissible vene- 2009; 50: 488–491 real tumor cell depletion of B lymphocytes: molecule(s) specifically toxic for B cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2003; 92: 149–162 [66] Wilson RB, Cave JS, Copeland JS et al.: Ovarian teratoma in two dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985; 21: 249–253 [20] Liu CC, Wang YS, Lin CY et al.: Transient downregulation of mono- cyte-derived dendritic-cell differentiation, function, and survival [67] Wolke RE: Vaginal leiomyoma as a cause of chronic obstipation in during tumoral progression and regression in an in vivo canine the cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1963; 143: 1103–1105 model of transmissible venereal tumor. Cancer Immunol Immuno- ther. 2008; 57: 479–491 23.2 Sticker-Sarkom, „transmissible venereal tumor“ [21] Mozos E, Mendez A, Gomez-Villamandos JC et al.: Immunohisto- TVT chemical characterization of canine transmissible venereal tumor. – [1] Amber EI, Henderson RA, Adeyanju JB et al.: Single-drug chemo- Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 257 263 therapy of canine transmissible venereal tumor with cyclophospha- [22] Mukaratirwa S, Chitanga S, Chimatira T et al.: Combination the- mide, methotrexate, or vincristine. J Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 144– rapy using intratumoral bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and vincris- 147 tine in dogs with transmissible venereal tumours: therapeutic effi- – [2] Amber EI, Isitor GN, Adeyanju JB: Viral-like particles associated cacy and histological changes. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2009; 80: 92 96 with naturally occurring transmissible venereal tumor in two dogs: [23] Mukaratirwa S, Chiwome T, Chitanga S et al.: Canine transmis- preliminary report. Am J Vet Res. 1985; 46: 2613–2615 sible venereal tumour: assessment of mast cell numbers as indica- – [3] Belov K: The role of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in the tors of the growth phase. Vet Res Commun. 2006; 30: 613 621 spread of contagious cancers. Mamm Genome. 2011; 22: 83–90 [24] Mukaratirwa S, Gruys E: Canine transmissible venereal tumour: [4] Bright RM, Gorman NT, Probst CW et al.: Transmissible venereal cytogenetic origin, immunophenotype, and immunobiology. A – tumor of the soft palate in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983;183: review. Vet Q. 2003; 25: 101 111 893–895 [25] Murchison EP: Clonally transmissible cancers in dogs and Tasma- – [5] Brown NO, Calvert C, MacEwen EG: Chemotherapeutic manage- nian devils. Oncogene. 2008; 27 (Suppl 2):19 30 ment of transmissible venereal tumors in 30 dogs. J Am Vet Med [26] Murgia C, Pritchard JK, Kim SY et al.: Clonal origin and evolution Assoc. 1980;176: 983–986 of a transmissible cancer. Cell. 2006; 126: 477–487 [6] Chandler JP, Yang TJ: Canine transmissible venereal sarcoma: distri- [27] Murgia C, Pritchard JK, Kim SY et al.: Clonal origin and evolution bution of T and B lymphocytes in blood, draining lymph nodes and of a transmissible cancer. Cell. 2006; 126: 445–447 tumours at different stages of growth. Br J Cancer. 1981; 44: 514– [28] Nak D, Nak Y, Cangul IT et al.: A Clinico-pathological study on the 521 effect of vincristine on transmissible venereal tumour in dogs. J Vet [7] Chou PC, Chuang TF, Jan TR et al.: Effects of immunotherapy of Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2005; 52: 366–370 IL-6 and IL-15 plasmids on transmissible venereal tumor in beagles. [29] Padovan D, Yang TJ, Fenton MA: Epidural spinal metastasis of Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2009; 130: 25–34 canine transmissible venereal sarcoma. Zbl Vet Med A. 1987; 34: [8] Chuang TF, Lee SC, Liao KW et al.: Electroporation-mediated IL-12 401–404 gene therapy in a transplantable canine cancer model. Int J Cancer. [30] Papazoglou LG, Koutinas AF, Plevraki AG et al.: Primary intranasal 2009; 125: 698–707 transmissible venereal tumour in the dog: a retrospective study of [9] Cohen D: The canine transmissible venereal tumor: a unique result six spontaneous cases. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2001; of tumor progression. Adv Cancer Res. 1985; 43: 75–112 48: 391–400 [10] Duncan JR, Prasse KW: Cytology of canine cutaneous round cell [31] Park MS, Kim Y, Kang MS et al.: Disseminated transmissible vene- tumors. Mast cell tumor, histiocytoma, lymphosarcoma and trans- real tumor in a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 130–133 missible venereal tumor. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 673–679

[32] Pereira JS, Silva AB, Martins AL et al.: Immunohistochemical cha- [3] Benazzi C, Sarli G, Brunetti B: Sertoli cell tumor in a cat. J Vet A racterization of intraocular metastasis of a canine transmissible Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2004; 51: 124–126 venereal tumor. Vet Ophthalmol. 2000; 3: 43–47 [4] Bontempo RA, Zanghì A, Catone G et al.: Metastasising granulosa [33] Rebbeck CA, Thomas R, Breen M et al.: Origins and evolution of a cell tumour of the testis: a case report in the dog. Vet Res Commun. transmissible cancer. Evolution. 2009; 63: 2340–2349 2005; 29 (Suppl 2): 169–171 [34] van Rensburg IB, Petrick SW: Extragenital malignant transmissible [5] Brodey RS, Martin JE: Sertoli cell neoplasms in the dog. J Am Vet venereal tumour in a bitch. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1980; 51: 199–201 Med Assoc. 1958; 133: 249–257 [35] Rogers KS: Transmissible venereal tumor. Compend Contin Educ [6] Comhaire F, Matthews D, Vermuelen A: Testosterone and estra- Pract Vet. 1997; 19: 1036–1045 diol in dogs with testicular tumors. Acta Endocrinol. 1974; 77: 408– [36] Rogers KS, Walker MA, Dillon HB: Transmissible venereal tumor: a 416. retrospective study of 20 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: [7] Cotchin E: Testicular neoplasms in dogs. J Comp Pathol. 1960; 70: 463–479 232–248 [37] Scarpelli KC, Valladão ML, Metze K: Predictive factors for the [8] Dahlbom M, Mäkinen A, Suominen J: Testicular fine needle aspira- regression of canine transmissible venereal tumor during vincristine tion cytology as a diagnostic tool in dog infertility. J Small Anim

therapy. Vet J. 2010; 183: 362–363 Pract. 1997; 38: 506–512 Literaturverzeichnis [38] Spugnini EP, Dotsinsky I, Mudrov N et al.: Biphasic pulses en- [9] Dhaliwal RS, Kitchell BE, Knight BL et al.: Treatment of aggressive hance bleomycin efficacy in a spontaneous canine genital tumor testicular tumors in four dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1999; 35: model of chemoresistance: Sticker sarcoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 311–318 2008; 27: 58 [10] Dow C: Testicular tumors in the dog. J Comp Pathol. 1962; 72: [39] Thrall DE: Orthovoltage radiotherapy of canine transmissible vene- 247–265 real tumors. Vet Radiol. 1982; 23: 217–219 [11] Doxsee AL, Yager JA, Best SJ et al.: Extratesticular interstitial and [40] Yang TJ: Metastatic transmissible venereal sarcoma in a dog. J Am Sertoli cell tumors in previously neutered dogs and cats: a report of Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 555–556 17 cases. Can Vet J. 2006; 47: 763–766 [12] England GC: Ultrasonographic diagnosis of non-palpable Sertoli cell 23.3 Tumoren der männlichen tumours in infertile dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 36: 476–480 Geschlechtsorgane [13] Ferreira AJ, Peleteiro MC, Carvalho T et al.: Mixed germ cell tumour of the spinal cord in a young dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; [1] Bleier T, Lewitschek HP, Reinacher M: Canine osteosarcoma of 44: 81–84 the penile bone. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2003; 50: [14] Frank LA: Comparative dermatology-canine endocrine dermatoses. 397–398 Clin Dermatol. 2006; 24: 317–325 [2] Cornegliani L, Vercelli A, Abramo F: Idiopathic mucosal penile [15] Gembardt CH: Beitrag zur Histologie hormonell aktiver und inakti- squamous papillomas in dogs. Vet Dermatol. 2007; 18: 439–443 ver Hodenneoplasien des Hundes. Diss med vet. FU, Berlin. 1971 [3] Elkins AD, Pechman R, Brignac M: Urinary obstruction resulting [16] Gopinath D, Draffan D, Philbey AW et al.: Use of intralesional from a mass in the caudal os penis of a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. oestradiol concentration to identify a functional pulmonary metas- 1990; 26: 133–135 tasis of canine sertoli cell tumour. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: [4] Galofaro V, Rapisarda G, Ferrara G et al.: Glomangioma in the pre- 198–200 puce of a dog. Reprod Domest Anim. 2006; 41: 568–570 [17] Gouletsou PG, Galatos AD, Leontides LS et al.: Impact of fine or [5] Kim MS, Kim DH, Choi US: Penile extramedullary plasmacytoma in large needle aspiration on the dogʼs testis: in vitro ultrasonographic, – a dog. Reprod Domest Anim. 2010; 45: 454 457 bacteriological, gross anatomy and histological assessment. Therio- [6] Marolf A, Specht A, Thompson M et al.: Imaging diagnosis: penile genology. 2010; 74: 1604–1614 – hemangiosarcoma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 474 475 [18] Grieco V, Banco B, Giudice C et al.: Immunohistochemical expres- [7] Michels GM, Knapp DW, David M et al.: Penile prolapse and sion of the KIT protein (CD117) in normal and neoplastic canine tes- urethral obstruction secondary to lymphosarcoma of the penis in a tes. J Comp Pathol. 2010; 142: 213–217 – dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 474 477 [19] Grieco V, Riccardi E, Greppi GF et al.: Canine testicular tumours: a [8] Mirkovic TK, Shmon CL, Allen AL: Urinary obstruction secondary study on 232 dogs. J Comp Pathol. 2008; 138: 86–89 to an ossifying fibroma of the os penis in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp [20] Grieco V, Rondena M, Romussi S et al.: Immunohistochemical – Assoc. 2004; 40: 152 156 characterization of the leucocytic infiltrate associated with canine [9] Patnaik AK, Matthiesen DT, Zawie DA: Two cases of canine penile seminomas. J Comp Pathol. 2004; 130: 278–284 neoplasm: squamous cell carcinoma and mesenchymal chondrosar- [21] Grootenhuis AJ, van Sluijs FJ, Klaij LA et al.: Inhibin, gonadotro- – coma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1988; 24: 403 406 phins and sex steroids in dogs with Sertoli cell tumours. J Endo- [10] Peppler C, Weissert D, Kappe E et al.: Osteosarcoma of the penile crinol. 1990; 127: 235–242 – bone (os penis) in a dog. Aust Vet J. 2009; 87: 52 55 [22] Günzel-Apel AR, Möhrke C, Poulsen-Nautrup C: Colour-coded [11] Wakui S, Furusato M, Nomura Y et al.: Testicular epidermoid cyst and pulsed Doppler sonography of the canine testis, epididymis and penile squamous cell carcinoma in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1992; 29: and prostate gland: physiological and pathological findings. Reprod 543–545 Domestic Anim. 2001; 36: 236–240 [12] Web JA, Liptak JM, Hewitt SA et al.: Multilobular osteochondrosa- [23] Guimaraens Chquiloffde MA, Nascimento EF: Histopathologische roma of the os penis in a dog. Can Vet J. 2009; 50: 81–84 Veränderungen an Hoden und Nebenhoden bei Rüden. Kleintier- prax. 1977; 22: 247–250 23.3.1 Tumoren der Hoden [24] Hagel T, Baade S, Kirchhoff A et al.: Syndrom persistierender Mül- [1] Barrand KR, Scudamore CL: Canine hypertrophic osteoarthropathy ler-Gänge bei einem Yorkshire Terrier. Kleintierprax. 2010; 55: 547– associated with a malignant Sertoli cell tumour. J Small Anim Pract. 553 2001; 42: 143–145 [25] Hayes HM, Pendergrass TW: Canine testicular tumors. Epidemio- [2] Bazzo R, Sarli G, Mandrioli L et al.: Sertoli cell tumour with Call- logie features of 410 dogs. Int J Cancer. 1976; 18: 482–487 Exner-like bodies in a dog. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. [26] Hayes HM, Wilson GP, Pendergrass TW et al.: Canine cryptor- 2002; 49: 535–537

chism and subsequent testicular neoplasia: case-control study with [49] Morgan RV: Blood dyscrasias associated with testicular tumors in epidemiologic update. Teratology. 1985; 32: 51–56 the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: 971–975 [27] Hogenesch, H, Whiteley HE, Vicini DS et al.: Seminoma with [50] Nieto JM, Pizarro M, Balaguer LM et al.: Canine testicular tumors metastases in the eyes and the brain in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1987; 24: in descended and cryptorchid testes. Dtsch Tierärztl Wochenschr. 278–280 1989; 96: 186–189 [28] Howard EB, Nielsen SW: Neoplasia in the boxer dog. Am J Vet Res. [51] Nødtvedt A, Gamlem H, Gunnes G et al.: Breed differences in the 1965; 26: 1121–1131 proportional morbidity of testicular tumours and distribution of his- [29] Inoue M, Wada N: Immunohistochemical detection of p53 and topathologicyl types in a population-based canine cancer registry. p21 proteins in canine testicular tumours. Vet Rec. 2000; 146: 370– Vet Comp Oncol. 2011; 9: 45–54 372 [52] Ortega-Pacheco A, Rodriguez-Buenfil JC, Segura-Correa JC et al.: [30] Johnston GR, Feeney DA, Johnston SD et al.: Ultrasonographic Pathological conditions of the reproductive organs of male stray features of testicular neoplasia in dogs: 16 cases (1980–1988). J Am dogs in the tropics: prevalence, risk factors, morphological findings Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 198: 1779–1784 and testosterone concentrations. Reprod Domest Anim. 2006; 41: 429–437 [31] Kasbohm C: Oestrogenbedingte Knochenmarkschäden bei Hunden mit Hodenneoplasien. Tierärztl Praxis. 1975; 3: 225–229 [53] Owston MA, Ramos-Vara JA: Histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of a testicular mixed germ cell sex cord-stromal [32] Kawakami E, Hirano T, Hori T et al.: Testicular superoxide dismu- tumor and a leydig cell tumor in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 936– tase activity, heat shock protein 70 concentration and blood plasma 943 inhibin-alpha concentration of dogs with a Sertoli cell tumor in a unilateral cryptorchid testis. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 1259–1262 [54] Patnaik AK, Mostofi FK: A clinicopathologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical study of mixed germ cell-stromal tumors of the [33] Kim JF, Yu CH, Yhee JY et al.: Canine classical seminoma: a specific testis of 16 dogs. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 287–297 malignat type with human classifications is highly correlated with tumor angiogenesis. BMC Cancer. 2010; 10: 243 [55] Pena FJ, Anel L, Dominguez JC et al.: Laparoscopic surgery in a clinical case of seminoma in a cryptorchid dog. Vet Rec. 1998; 142: [34] Kim O, Kim KS: Seminoma with hyperesterogenemia in a Yorkshire 671–672 Terrier. J Vet Med Sci. 2005; 67: 121–123 [56] Peters MA, de Jong FH, Teerds KJ et al.: Ageing, testicular [35] Liao AT, Chu PY, Yeh LS et al.: A 12-year retrospective study of tumours and the pituitary-testis axis in dogs. J Endocrinol. 2000; canine testicular tumors. J Vet Med Sci. 2009; 71: 919–923 166: 153–161 [36] Lipowitz AJ, Schwartz A, Wilson GP et al.: Testicular neoplasms [57] Peters MA, de Rooij DG, Teerds KJ et al.: Spermatogenesis and and concomitant clinical changes in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. testicular tumours in ageing dogs. J Reprod Fertil. 2000; 120: 443– 1973; 163: 1364–1368 452 [37] Maarschalkerweerd RJ, Endenburg N, Kirpensteijn J et al.: Influ- [58] Peters MA, Mol JA, van Wolferen ME et al.: Expression of the ence of orchiectomy on canine behaviour. Vet Rec. 1997; 140: 617– insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and steroidogenic enzymes 619 in canine testis tumors. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2003; 1: 22 [38] Maiolino P, Restucci B, Papparella S et al.: Correlation of nuclear [59] Peters MA, van Sluijs FJ: Testicular tumors in dogs: a literature morphometric features with animal and human World Health Orga- review. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1996; 121: 36–38 nization International Histological Classifications of canine spontaneous seminomas. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 608–611 [60] Peters MA, Teerds KJ, van der Gaag I et al.: Use of antibodies against LH receptor, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and [39] Masserdotti C, Bonfanti U, De Lorenzi D et al.: Cytologic features vimentin to characterize different types of testicular tumour in of testicular tumours in dog. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. dogs. Reproduction. 2001; 121: 287–296 2005; 52: 339–346 [61] Peterson MR, Frommelt RA, Dunn DG: A study of the lifetime [40] Masserdotti C, De Lorenzi D, Gasparotto L: Cytologic detection of occurrence of neoplasia and breed differences in a cohort of German Call-Exner bodies in Sertoli cell tumors from 2 dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. Shepherd Dogs and Belgian Malinois military working dogs that 2008; 37: 112–114 died in 1992. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 140–145 [41] McDonald RK, Walker M, Legendre AM et al.: Radiotherapy of [62] Post K, Kilborn SH: Canine sertoli cell tumor: A medical records metastatic seminoma in the dog. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 103– search and literary review. Can Vet J. 1987; 28: 427–431 107 [63] Prange H, Katenkamp D, Baumann G et al.: Die Pathologie der [42] Metzger FL, Hattel AL, White DG: Hematuria, hyperestrogenemia, Hodentumoren des Hundes, l. Mitteilung: Epidemiologie und ver- and hyperprogesteronemia due to a sertoli-cell tumor in a bilateral gleichende epidemiologische Aspekte. Arch Exp Veterinarmed. cryptorchid dog. Canine Pract. 1993; 18: 32–35 1986; 40: 555–565 [43] Meurer DG: Sonographische, zytologische und endokrinologische [64] Radi ZA, Miller DL: Immunohistochemical expression of calretinin Untersuchungen zu Hodentumoren und nichteoplastischen Hoden- in canine testicular tumours and normal canine testicular tissue. erkrankungen des Hundes. Diss med vet., Tierärztliche Hochschule Res Vet Sci. 2005; 79:125–129 Hannover, 2000 [65] Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA: Immunohistochemical evaluation of [44] Meurer DG, Mischke R: Klinik der Hodentumoren des Hundes. GATA-4 in canine testicular tumors. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 893–896 Prakt Tierarzt. 2000; 81: 628–637 [66] Reif JS, Brodey RS: The relationship between cryptorchidism and [45] Miller MA, Hartnett SE, Ramos-Vara JA: Interstitial cell tumor and canine testicular neoplasia. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1969; 155: 2005– Sertoli cell tumor in the testis of a cat. Vet Pathol. 2007; 44: 394–397 2010 [46] Miyoshi N, Yasuda N, Kamimura Y et al.: Teratoma in a feline [67] Reif JS, Maguire TG, Kenney RM et al.: A cohort study of canine cryptorchid testis. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 729–730 testicular neoplasia. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 175: 719–723 [47] Mischke R, Meurer D, Hoppen HO et al.: Blood plasma concentra- [68] Reimann-Berg N, Murua Escobar H, Nolte I et al.: Testicular tions of oestradiol-17beta, testosterone and testosterone/oestradiol tumor in an XXY dog. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2008; 183: 114– ratio in dogs with neoplastic and degenerative testicular diseases. 116 Res Vet Sci. 2002; 73: 267–272 [69] Reis-Filho JS, Ricardo S, Gärtner F et al.: Bilateral gonadoblasto- [48] Mostachio GQ, Apparício M, Vicente WR et al.: Intraabdominal mas in a dog with mixed gonadal dysgenesis. J Comp Pathol. 2004; torsion of a neoplastic testicle and prostatic cyst in a cryptorchid 130: 229–233 dog. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2007; 149: 408–412

[70] Restucci B, Maiolino P, Paciello O et al.: Evaluation of angiogene- [6] Aumüller G, Seitz J, Lilja H et al.: Species – and organ-specificity of sis in canine seminomas by quantitative immunohistochemistry. J secretory proteins derived from human prostate and seminal vesic- Comp Pathol. 2003; 128: 252–259 les. Prostate. 1990; 17: 31–40 [71] Restucci B, Maiolino P, Papparella S et al.: Expression of beta1 [7] Bacci B, Vignoli M, Rossi F et al.: Primary prostatic leiomyosar- integrin in relation to histological features in normal and neoplastic coma with pulmonary metastases in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. canine testicles. J Comp Pathol. 2000; 123:164–170 2010; 46: 103–106 [72] Rosen DK, Carpenter JL: Functional ectopic interstitial cell tumor in [8] Barsanti JA, Finco DR: Evaluation of techniques for diagnosis of a castrated male cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 1865–1866 canine prostatic diseases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 185: 198–200 [73] Rüttinger C, Bergmann M, Fink L et al.: Expression of connexin 43 [9] Basinger RR, Rawlings CA, Barsanti JA et al.: Urodynamic alter- in normal canine testes and canine testicular tumors. Histochem ations after prostatectomy in dogs without clinical prostatic disease. Cell Biol. 2008; 130: 537–548 Vet Surg. 1987; 16: 405–410 [74] Sanpera N, Masot N, Janer M et al.: Oestrogen-induced bone mar- [10] Basinger RR, Rawlings CA, Barsanti JA et al: Urodynamic alter- row aplasia in a dog with a Sertoli cell tumour. J Small Anim Pract. ations associated with clinical prostatic disease and prostatic sur- 2002; 43: 365–369 gery. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1989; 25: 385–392

[75] Sapierzynski R, Malicka E, Bielecki W et al.: Tumors of the uroge- [11] Bell FW, Klausner JS, Hayden DW et al.: Clinical and pathologic Literaturverzeichnis nital system in dogs and cats. Retrospective review of 138 cases. features of prostatic adenocarcinoma in sexually intact and castra- Pol J Vet Sci. 2007; 10: 97–103 ted dogs: 31 cases (1970–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: [76] Sherding RG, Wilson GP: Bone marrow hypoplasia in eight dogs 1623–1630 with Sertoli cell tumor. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 178: 497–501 [12] Bell FW, Klausner JS, Hayden DW et al.: Evaluation of serum and [77] Siegel ET, Forchielli E, Dorfman RI et al.: An estrogen study in the seminal plasma markers in the diagnosis of canine prostatic disor- feminized dog with testicular neopasia. J Endocrinol. 1967; 80: ders. J Vet Intern Med. 1995; 9: 149–153 272–277 [13] Bostwick DG, Quian J, Frankel K: The incidence of high grade int- [78] Spugnini EP, Bartolazzi A, Ruslander D: Seminoma with cutaneous raepithelial neoplasia in needle biopsies. J Urol. 1995; 154: 1791– metastases in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 253–256 1794 [79] Suess Jr R, Barr SC, Sacre BJ et al.: Bone marrow hypoplasia in a [14] Bradbury CA, Westropp JL, Pollard RE: Relationship between pros- feminized dog with an interstitial cell tumor. J Am Vet Med Assoc. tatomegaly, prostatic mineralization, and cytologic diagnosis. Vet 1992; 200: 1346–1348 Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 167–171 [80] Takiguchi M, Lida T, Kudo T et al.: Malignant seminoma with sys- [15] Bryan JN, Keeler MR, Henry CJ et al.: A population study of neut- temic metastases in a dog. J Small Animal Pract. 2001; 42: 360–362 ering status as a risk factor for canine prostate cancer. Prostate. 2007; 67: 1174–1181 [81] Taniyama H, Hirayama K, Nakada K et al.: Immunohistochemical detection of inhibin-alpha, -betaB, and -betaA chains and 3beta- [16] Caney SM, Holt PE, Day MJ et al.: Prostatic carcinoma in two cats. hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in canine testicular tumors and nor- J Small Anim Pract. 1998; 39: 140–143 mal testes. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 661–666 [17] Chapdelaine P, Gauthier E, Ho-Kim MA et al.: Characterization [82] Tucker AR, Smith JR: Prostatic squamous metaplasia in a cat with and expression of the prostatic arginine esterase gene, a canine interstitial cell neoplasia in a retained testis. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: glandular kallikrein. DNA Cell Biol. 2009; 10: 49–59 905–909 [18] Cooley DM, Waters DJ: Skeletal metastasis as the initial clinical [83] Turk JR, Turk MA, Gallina AM: A canine testicular tumor resemb- manifestation of metastatic carcinoma in 19 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. ling gonadoblastoma. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 201–207 1998; 12: 288–293 [84] Vegter AR, Kooistra HS, van Sluijs FJ et al.: Persistent Mullerian [19] Cornell KK, Bostwick DG, Cooley DM et al.: Clinical and patholo- duct syndrome in a Miniature Schnauzer dog with signs of feminiza- gic aspects of spontaneous canine prostate carcinoma: a retrospec- tion and a Sertoli cell tumour. Reprod Domest Anim. 2010; 45: tive analysis of 76 cases. Prostate. 2000; 45: 173–183 447–452 [20] Corazza M, Guidi G, Romagnoli S et al.: Serum total prostatic and [85] Wang FI, Liang SL, Chin SC: A primary retroperitoneal seminoma non-prostatic acid phosphatase in healthy dogs and in dogs with invading the kidneys of a cryptorchid dog. Exp Anim. 2001; 50: prostatic disease. J Small Anim Pract. 1994; 35: 207–310 341–344 [21] Cromeens DM, Johnson DE, Stephens LC et al.: Visual laser abla- [86] Weaver AD: Survey with follow-up of 67 dogs with testicular Sertoli tion of the canine prostate with a diffusing fiber and an 805-nano- cell tumours. Vet Rec. 1983; 113: 105–107 meter diode laser. Laser Surg Med. 1996; 19: 135–142 [87] Yu CH, Hwang DN, Yhee JY et al.: Comparative immunohistoche- [22] Della Santa D, Dandrieux J, Psalla D et al.: Primary prostatic hae- mical characterization of canine seminomas and Sertoli cell tumors. mangiosarcoma causing severe haematuria in a dog. J Small Anim J Vet Sci. 2009; 10: 1–7 Pract. 2008; 49: 249–251 [23] Dominguez PA, Dervisis NG, Cadile CD et al.: Combined gemcita- 23.3.2 Tumoren der Prostata bine and carboplatin therapy for carcinomas in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23:130–137 [1] Algaba F, Trias I, Arce Y: Natural history of prostatic carcinoma: the pathologist’s perspective. Rec Res Cancer Res. 2007; 175: 9–24 [24] Durham SK, Deitze AE: Prostatic adenocarcinoma with and without metastasis to bone in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; [2] Anderson CR, McNiel EA, Gillette EL et al.: Late complications of 188: 1432–1436 pelvic irradiation in 16 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43:187– 192 [25] Feeney DA, Johnston GR, Klausner JS et al.: Canine prostatic disease-comparison of ultrasonographic appearance with morpho- [3] Aquilina JW, McKinney L, Pacelli A et al.: High grade prostatic logic and microbiologic findings: 30 cases (1981–1985). J Am Vet intraepithelial neoplasia in military working dogs with and without Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 1027–1034 prostate cancer. Prostate. 1998; 36: 189–193 [26] Freitag T, Jerram RM, Walker AM et al.: Surgical management of [4] Argyle DJ: Prostate cancer in dogs and men: a unique opportunity common canine prostatic conditions. Compend Contin Educ Pract to study the disease. Vet J. 2009; 180: 137–138 Vet. 2007; 29: 656–658 [5] Assin R, Balsi A, Citro G et al.: Prostate as sole unusual recurrence site of lymphoma in a dog. In Vivo. 2008; 22: 755–757

[27] Fujita M, Shimakura H, Hasegawa D et al.: The effect of palliative [49] McEntee M, Isaacs W, Smith C: Adenocarcinoma of the prostate: radiation therapy on three dogs with prostatic carcinoma. J Japan immunohistochemical examination for secretory antigens. Prostate. Vet Cancer Soc. 2010; 1: 20–25 1987; 11: 163–170 [28] Gallardo F, Mogas T, Baro T et al.: Expression of androgen, oestro- [50] Montironi R, Pomante R, Diamanti L et al.: Evaluation of intraepi- gen alpha and beta, and progesterone receptors in the canine pros- thelial neoplasia after treatment with a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor tate: differences between normal, inflamed, hyperplastic and neo- (finasteride). A methodologic approach. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. plastic glands. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 1–8 1996; 18: 461–470 [29] Gobello C, Castex G, Corrada Y: Serum and seminal markers in the [51] Matsuzaki P, Cogliati B, Sanches DS et al.: Immunohistochemical diagnosis of disorders of the genital tract of the dog: a mini-review. characterization of canine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. J Comp Theriogenology. 2002; 57: 1285–1291 Pathol. 2010; 142: 84–88 [30] Goldsmid SE, Bellenger CR: Urinary incontinence after prostatec- [52] Mukaratirwa S, Chitura T: Canine subclinical prostatic disease: his- tomy in dogs. Vet Surg. 1991; 20: 253–256 tological prevalence and validity of digital rectal examination as a [31] Grieco V, Riccardi E, Rondena M et al.: The distribution of oestro- screening test. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2007; 78: 66–68 gen receptors in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic canine pros- [53] Nickel RF, Teske E: Diagnosis of canine prostatic carcinoma. tate, as demonstrated immunohistochemically. J Comp Pathol. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 1992; 117: 32S 2006; 135: 11–16 [54] Nyland TG, Wallack ST, Wisner ER: Needle tract implantation fol- [32] Hardie EM, Stone EA, Spaulding KA et al.: Subtotal canine prosta- lowing US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of transitional cell tectomy with the neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser. Vet carcinoma of the bladder, urethra, and prostate. Vet Radiol Ultra- Surg. 1990; 19: 48–55 sound. 2002; 43: 50–53 [33] Hazzah TN, Brodsky EM, Post GS: Evaluation of mitoxantrone and [55] Obradovich J, Walshaw R, Goullaud E: The influence of castration a COX inhibitor as a first line therapy for canine prostatic carcinoma. on the development of prostatic carcinoma in the dog. 43 cases Proc 28th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc., Seattle 2008; 19 (1978–1985). J Vet Intern Med. 1987; l: 183–187 [34] Hubbard BS, Vulgamott JC, Liska WD: Prostatic adenocarcinoma [56] Pinto da Cunha N, Ghisleni G, Romussi S et al.: Prostatic sarcoma- in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 1493–1494 toid carcinoma in a dog: cytologic and immunohistochemical fin- [35] Kay ND, Ling GV, Nyland TG et al.: Cytological diagnosis of canine dings. Vet Clin Pathol. 2007; 36: 368–372 prostatic disease using a urethral brush technique. J Am Anim Hosp [57] Powe JR, Canfield PJ, Martin PA: Evaluation of cytologic diagnosis Assoc. 1989; 25: 517–526. of canine prostatic disorders. Vet Clin Pathol. 2004; 33: 150–154 [36] Krawiec DR, Heflin D: Study of prostatic disease in dogs: 177 cases [58] Rawlings CA, Crowell WA, Barsanti JA et al.: Intracapsular sub- (1981–1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 1119–1122 total prostatectomy in normal dogs: use of an ultrasonic surgical [37] Lai CL, LʼEplattenier H, van den Ham R et al.: Androgen receptor aspirator. Vet Surg. 1994; 23: 182–189 CAG repeat polymorphisms in canine prostate cancer. J Vet Intern [59] Reiman-Berg N, Willenbrock S, Murua Escobar H et al.: Two new Med. 2008; 22: 1380–1384 cases of polysomy 13 in canine prostate cancer. Cytogenet Genome [38] Lai CL, van den Ham R, Mol J et al.: Immunostaining of the andro- Res. 2011; 132: 16–21 gen receptor and sequence analysis of its DNA-binding domain in [60] Shor S, Helfand SC, Gorman E et al.: Diagnostic exercise: epithe- canine prostate cancer. Vet J. 2009; 181: 256–260 loid hemangiosarcoma mimicking metastatic prostatic neoplasia in [39] Lai CL, van den Ham R, van Leenders G et al.: Histopathological a dog. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 548–552 and immunohistochemical characterization of canine prostate can- [61] Smith J: Canine prostatic disease: a review of anatomy, pathology, cer. Prostate. 2008; 68: 477–488 diagnosis, and treatment. Theriogenology. 2008; 70: 375–383 [40] Leav I, Schelling KH, Adams JY et al.: Role of canine basal cells in [62] Sorenmo KU, Goldschmidt M, Schofer F et al.: Immunohistoche- postnatal prostatic development, induction of hyperplasia, and sex mical characterization of canine prostatic carcinoma and correlation hormone-stimulated growth, and the ductal origin of carcinoma. with castration status and castration time. Vet Comp Onc. 2003; 1: Prostate. 2001; 48: 210–224 48–56 [41] LʼEplattenier HF, Klem B, Teske E et al.: Preliminary results of int- [63] Sorenmo KU, Goldschmidt MH, Schofer FS et al.: Evaluation of raoperative photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulenic acid in cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 expression and the effect dogs with prostate carcinoma. Vet J. 2008; 178: 202–207 of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in canine prostatic carcinoma. Vet [42] LʼEplattenier HF, Lai CL, van den Ham R et al.: Regulation of COX- Comp Onc. 2004; 2: 13–23 2 expression in canine prostate carcinoma: increased COX-2 expres- [64] Teske E, Naan BC, van Dijk EM et al.: Canine prostate carcinoma: sion is not related to inflammation. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: epidemiological evidence of an increased risk in castrated dogs. Mol 776–782 Cell Endocrinol. 2002; 197: 251–255 [43] L’Eplattenier HF, van Nimwegen SA, van Sluijs FJ et al.: Partial [65] Teske E, Nickel RF: Zur Aussagekraft der Zytologie bei der Diagnos- prostatectomy using a Nd:YAG laser for management of canine tik des Prostatakarzinoms beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 1996; 41: 239– prostatic carcinoma. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 406–411 247 [44] LeRoy BE, Lech ME: Prostatic carcinoma causing urethral obstruc- [66] Ticer JW, Spencer CP, Ackerman N: Positive contrast retrograde tion and obstipation in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2004; 6: 397–400 urethrography: A useful procedure for evaluating urethral disorders [45] LeRoy BE, Northrup N: Prostate cancer in dogs: comparative and in the dog. Vet Radiol. 1980; 21: 2–5 clinical aspects. Vet J. 2009; 180: 137–138 [67] Turrel, JM: Intraoperative radiotherapy of carcinoma of the prostate [46] Liptak JM, Brutscher SP, Monnet E et al.: Transurethral resection in ten dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 48–52 in the management of urethral and prostatic neoplasia in 6 dogs. [68] Tursi M, Costa T, Valenza F, Aresu L: Adenocarcinoma of the disse- Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 505–516 minated prostate in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 600–602 [47] Lucroy MD, Bowles MH, Higbee RG et al.: Photodynamic therapy [69] Vlasin M, Rauser, Fichtel T et al.: Subtotal intracapsular prostatec- for prostatic carcinoma in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 235– tomy as a useful treatment for advanced-stage prostatic malignan- 237 cies. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 512–516 [48] Mann FA, Barrett RJ, Henderson RA: Use of a retained urethral [70] Waters DJ, Bostwick DG: Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia occurs catheter in three dogs with prostatic neoplasia. Vet Surg. 1992; 21: spontaneously in the canine prostate. J Urol. 1997; 157: 713–716 342–347

[71] Waters DJ, Bostwick DG: The canine prostate is a spontaneous [15] Campbell MD, Gelberg HB: Endocardial ossifying myxoma of the model of intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer progression. right atrium in a cat. Vet Pathol. 2000; 37: 460–462 Anticancer Res. 1997; 17: 1467–1470 [16] Caro-Vadillo A, Pizarro-Diaz M, Martinez-Merlo E et al.: Clinical [72] Waters DJ, Patronek GJ, Bostwick DG et al.: Comparing the age at and pathological features of a cardiac chondrosarcoma in a dog. prostate cancer diagnosis in humans and dogs. J Natl Cancer Inst. Vet Rec. 2004; 155: 678–680 1996; 88: 1686–1687 [17] Caruso KJ, Cowell RL, Upton ML et al.: Intrathoracic mass in a cat. [73] Weaver AD: Fifteen cases of prostatic carcinoma in the dog. Vet Vet Clin Pathol. 2002; 31: 193–195 Rec. 1981; 109: 71–75 [18] Chun R, Kellihan HB, Henik RA et al.: Comparison of plasma car- [74] Weisse C, Berent A, Todd K et al.: Evaluation of palliative stenting diac troponin I concentrations among dogs with cardiac hemangio- for management of malignant urethral obstructions in dogs. J Am sarcoma, noncardiac hemangiosarcoma, other neoplasms, and peri- Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 226–234 cardial effusion of nonhemangiosarcoma origin. J Am Vet Med [75] Winter MD, Locke JE, Penninck DG: Imaging diagnosis-urinary Assoc. 2010; 237: 806–811 obstruction secondary to prostatic lymphoma in a young dog. Vet [19] Closa JM, Font A, Mascort J: Pericardial mesothelioma in a dog: Radiol Ultrasound. 2006; 47: 597–601 long-term survival after pericardiectomy in combination with che- – [76] Winkler S, Reimann-Berg N, Murua Escobar H et al.: Polysomy 13 motherapy. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 383 386 Literaturverzeichnis in a canine prostate carcinoma underlining its significance in the [20] Crumbaker DM, Rooney MB, Case JB: Thoracoscopic subtotal peri- development of prostate cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2006; cardiectomy and right atrial mass resection in a dog. J Am Vet Med 169: 154–158 Assoc. 2010; 237: 551–554 [77] Zambelli D, Cunot M, Raccagni R et al.: Successful surgical treat- [21] Di Palma S, Lombard C, Kappeler A et al.: Intracardiac ectopic thy- ment of a prostatic biphasic tumor (sarcomatoid carcinoma) in a roid adenoma in a dog. Vet Rec. 2010; 167: 709–710 cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 161–165 [22] Dupuy-Mateos A, Wotton PR, Blunden AS et al.: Primary cardiac chondrosarcoma in a paced dog. Vet Rec. 2008; 163: 272–273 [23] Ehrhart N, Ehrhart EJ, Willis J et al.: Analysis of factors affecting 24 Kardiale und mesenteriale Tumoren survival in dogs with aortic body tumors. Vet Surg. 2002; 31: 44–48 [24] Fews D, Scase TJ, Battersby IA: Leiomyosarcoma of the pericar- 24.1 Kardiale und perikardiale Tumoren dium, with epicardial metastases and peripheral eosinophilia in a – [1] Akkoc A, Ozyigit MO, Cangul IT: Valvular cardiac myxoma in a dog. J Comp Pathol. 2008; 138: 224 228 dog. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2007; 54: 356–358 [25] Fine DM, Tobias AH, Jacob KA: Use of pericardial fluid pH to distin- [2] Akkoc A, Ozyigit MO, Yilmaz R et al.: Cardiac metastasising rhab- guish between idiopathic and neoplastic effusions. J Vet Intern – domyosarcoma in a great Dane. Vet Rec. 2006; 158: 803–804 Med. 2003; 17: 525 529 [3] Almes KM, Heaney AM, Andrews GA.: Intracardiac ectopic thyroid [26] Foale RD, White RA, Harley R et al.: Left ventricular myxosarcoma – carcinosarcoma in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: 500–504 in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; 44: 503 507 – [4] Aresu L, Tursi M, Iussich S et al.: Use of S-100 and chromogranin [27] Gamlem H, Nordstoga K, Arnesen K: Canine vascular neoplasia A antibodies as immunohistochemical markers on detection of a population-based clinicopathologic study of 439 tumours and – malignancy in aortic body tumors in dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2006; 68: tumour-like lesions in 420 dogs. APMIS Suppl. 2008; 125: 41 54 1229–1233 [28] George C, Steinberg H: An aortic body carcinoma with multifocal – [5] Aupperle H, Marz I, Ellenberger C et al:. Primary and secondary thoracic metastases in a cat. J Comp Pathol. 1989; 101: 467 469 heart tumours in dogs and cats. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 18–26 [29] Girard C, Helie P, Odin M: Intrapericardial neoplasia in dogs. J Vet – [6] Balli A, Lachat M, Gerber B et al.: Herztamponade durch ein Peri- Diagn Invest. 1999; 11: 73 78 kardmesotheliom bei einem 11-jährigen Hund: Diagnose, medika- [30] Gliatto JM, Crawford MA, Snider TG 3rd et al.: Multiple organ mentelle und interventionelle Behandlungen. Schweiz Arch Tier- metastasis of an aortic body tumor in a boxer. J Am Vet Med Assoc. heilkd. 2003; 145: 82–87 1987; 191: 1110–1112 [7] Baumgartner C, Glaus TM: Erworbene Herzerkrankungen beim [31] Grieco V, Locatelli C, Riccardi E et al.: A case of two different Hund – eine retrospektive Analyse. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2004; tumors in the heart of a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2008; 20: 365–368 146: 423–430 [32] Hayes HM: An hypothesis for the aetiology of canine chemorecep- [8] Ben-Amotz R, Ellison GW, Thompson MS et al.: Pericardial lipoma tor system neoplasms, based upon an epidemiological study of 73 in a geriatric dog with an incidentally discovered thoracic mass. J cases among hospital patients. J Small Anim Pract. 1975; 16: 337– Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 596–599 343 [9] Bracha S, Caron I, Holmberg DL et al.: Ectopic thyroid carcinoma [33] Hayes HM, Sass B: Chemoreceptor neoplasia: a study of the epide- causing right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in a dog. J Am miological features of 357 canine cases. Zbl Vet Med A. 1988; 35: Anim Hosp Assoc. 2009; 45: 138–141 401–408 [10] Brambilla PG, Roccabianca P, Locatelli C et al.: Primary cardiac [34] Hirsch VM, Jacobsen J, Mills JH: A retrospective study of canine lipoma in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 691–693 hemangiosarcoma and its association with acanthocytosis. Can Vet – [11] Brisson BA, Holmberg DL: Use of pericardial patch graft reconst- J. 1981; 22: 152 155 ruction of the right atrium for treatment of hemangiosarcoma in a [35] Knowles S, Uhl EW, Blas-Machado U et al.: Intrapericardial ecto- dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 723–725 pic thyroid carcinoma in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2010; 22: 1010– [12] Brower A, Herold LV, Kirby BM: Canine cardiac mesothelioma with 1013 granular cell morphology. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 384–387 [36] Kolm US, Kleiter M, Kosztolich A et al.: Benign intrapericardial – [13] Brown NO, Patnaik AK, MacEwen EG: Canine hemangiosarcoma: lipoma in a dog. J Vet Cardiol. 2002; 4: 25 29 retrospective analysis of 104 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 186: [37] LaRock RG, Ginn PE, Burrows CF et al.: Primary mesenchymal 56–58 chondrosarcoma in the pericardium of a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest. – [14] Brown PJ, Rema A, Gartner F: Immunohistochemical characteris- 1997; 9: 410 413 tics of canine aortic and carotid body tumours. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2003; 50: 140–144

[38] Linde A, Summerfield NJ, Sleeper MM et al.: Pilot study on cardiac [61] Speltz MC, Manivel JC, Tobias AH et al.: Primary cardiac fibrosar- troponin I levels in dogs with pericardial effusion. J Vet Cardiol. coma with pulmonary metastasis in a Labrador Retriever. Vet 2006; 8: 19–23 Pathol. 2007; 44: 403–407 [39] Lombard CW, Goldschmidt MH: Primary fibroma in the right [62] Tilley LP, Owens JM, Wilkins RJ: Pericardial mesothelioma with atrium of a dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1980; 21: 439–448 effusion in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1975; 11: 60–65 [40] MacDonald KA, Cagney O, Magne ML: Echocardiographic and cli- [63] Venco L, Kramer L, Sola LB et al.: Primary cardiac rhabdomyosar- nicopathologic characterization of pericardial effusion in dogs: 107 coma in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 159–163 cases (1985–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 235: 1456–1461 [64] Vicari ED, Brown DC, Holt DE et al.: Survival times of and prog- [41] MacGregor JM, Faria ML, Moore AS et al.: Cardiac lymphoma and nostic indicators for dogs with heart base masses: 25 cases (1986– pericardial effusion in dogs: 12 cases (1994–2004). J Am Vet Med 1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 485–487 Assoc. 2005; 227: 1449–1453 [65] Walter JH, Rudolph R: Systemic, metastatic, eu- and heterotope [42] Machida N, Hoshi K, Kobayashi M et al.: Cardiac myxoma of the tumours of the heart in necropsied dogs. Zbl Vet Med A. 1996; 43: tricuspid valve in a dog. J Comp Pathol. 2003; 129: 320–324 31–45 [43] Machida N, Tanaka R, Takemura N et al.: Development of pericar- [66] Ware WA, Hopper DL: Cardiac tumors in dogs: 1982–1995. J Vet dial mesothelioma in golden retrievers with a long-term history of Intern Med. 1999; 13: 95–103 idiopathic haemorrhagic pericardial effusion. J Comp Pathol. 2004; [67] Warman SM, McGregor R, Fews D et al.: Congestive heart failure 131: 166–175 caused by intracardiac tumours in two dogs. J Small Anim Pract. [44] Madarame H, Sato K, Ogihara K et al.: Primary cardiac fibrosar- 2006; 47: 480–483 coma in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2004; 66: 979–982 [68] Weisse C, Soares N, Beal MW et al.: Survival times in dogs with [45] Mai W, Weisse C, Sleeper MM: Cardiac magnetic resonance ima- right atrial hemangiosarcoma treated by means of surgical resec- ging in normal dogs and two dogs with heart base tumor. Vet tion with or without adjuvant chemotherapy: 23 cases (1986– Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 428–435 2000). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 226: 575–579 [46] Mansfield CS, Callanan JJ, McAllister H: Intra-atrial rhabdomyoma [69] Williams JH: Lymphangiosarcoma of dogs: a review. J S Afr Vet causing chylopericardium and right-sided congestive heart failure in Assoc. 2005; 76: 127–131 a dog. Vet Rec. 2000; 147: 264–267 [70] Willis R, Williams AE, Schwarz T et al.: Aortic body chemodec- [47] Mellanby RJ, Holloway A, Woodger N et al.: Primary chondrosar- toma causing pulmonary oedema in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. coma in the pulmonary artery of a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2001; 42: 20–23 2003; 44: 315–321 [71] Wohlsein P, Cichowski S, Baumgartner W: Primary endocardial [48] Merlo M, Bo S, Ratto A: Primary right atrium haemangiosarcoma malignant spindle-cell sarcoma in the right atrium of a dog resemb- in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2002; 4: 61–64 ling a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour. J Comp Pathol. [49] Müller P, Tschäppät R: Kardiales Hämangiosarkom bei einem 2005; 132: 340–345 Hund. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2002; 144: 239–242 [72] Yates WD, Lester SJ, Mills JH: Chemoreceptor tumors diagnosed [50] Noszczyk-Nowak A, Nowak M, Paslawska U et al.: Cases with at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine 1967–1979. Can Vet manifestation of chemodectoma diagnosed in dogs in Department J. 1980; 21: 124–129 of Internal Diseases with Horses, Dogs and Cats Clinic, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 24.2 Thymome und Tumoren des kranialen Wroclaw, Poland. Acta Vet Scand. 2010; 52: 35 Mediastinums [51] Obradovich JE, Withrow SJ, Powers BE et al.: Carotid body tumors in the dog. Eleven cases (1978–1988). J Vet Intern Med. [1] Aronsohn MG, Schunk KL, Carpenter JL et al.: Clinical and patho- 1992; 6: 96–101 logig features of thymoma in 15 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 1355–1362 [52] Ogilvie GK, Brunkow CS, Daniel GB et al.: Malignant lymphoma with cardiac and bone involvement in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [2] Atwater SW, Powers BE, Park RD: Thymoma in dogs: 23 cases – – 1989; 194: 793–796 (1980 1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 205: 1007 1013 ʼ [53] Paltrinieri S, Riccaboni P, Rondena M et al.: Pathologic and immu- [3] Coolman BR, Brewer WG, D Andrea GH et al.: Severe idiopathic nohistochemical findings in a feline aortic body tumor. Vet Pathol. thymic hemorrhage in two littermate dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – 2004; 41: 195–198 1994; 205: 1152 1153 [54] Patnaik AK, Liu SK, Hurvitz AI et al.: Canine chemodectoma [4] Day MJ: Review of thymic pathology in 30 cats and 36 dogs. J Small – (extra-adrenal paragangliomas) – a comparative study. J Small Anim Anim Pract. 1997; 38: 393 403 Pract. 1975; 16: 785–801 [5] Dewey CW, Bailey CS, Shelton GD et al.: Clinical forms of acquired – [55] Radi ZA, Metz A: Canine cardiac rhabdomyoma. Toxicol Pathol myasthenia gravis in dogs: 25 cases (1988 1995). J Vet Int Med. – 2009; 37: 348–350 1997; 11: 50 57 – [56] Sanford SE, Hoover DM, Miller RB: Primary cardiac granular cell [6] Dewey CW: Acquired myasthenia gravis in dogs Part 1. Compend – tumor in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1984; 21: 489–494 Contin Educ Pract Vet. 1997; 19: 1340 1354 [57] Sato T, Koie H, Shibuya H et al.: Extraskeletal osteosarcoma in the [7] Dhaliwal RS, Kitchell BE, Messick JB: Canine lymphosarcoma: clini- – pericardium of a dog. Vet Rec. 2004; 155: 780–781 cal features. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. 2003; 25: 572 582 [58] Schuller S, Van Israel N, Else RW: Third degree atrioventricular [8] Ducoté JM, Dewey CW, Coates JR: Clinical forms of acquired block and accelerated idioventricular rhythm associated with a myasthenia gravis in cats. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. 1999; – heart base chemodectoma in a syncopal Rottweiler. J Vet Med A 21: 440 448 Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2007; 54: 618–623 [9] Faissler D, Jurina K, Gaschen L et al: Peripheres Nervensystem und [59] Shaw SP, Rush JE: Canine pericardial effusion: pathophysiology and Muskulatur. In: Jaggy A (Hrsg.): Atlas und Lehrbuch der Kleintier- – cause. Compend Contin Educ Vet. 2007; 29: 400–403; quiz 404 neurologie. Schlütersche Hannover 2005: 268 271 [60] Sims CS, Tobias AH, Hayden DW et al.: Pericardial effusion due to [10] Farrow CS: Veterinary diagnostic imaging. The dog and cat. – primary cardiac lymphosarcoma in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; Volume I. Mosby St. Louis 2003; 388 391 17: 923–927

[11] Fidel JL, Pargass IS, Dark MJ et al.: Granulocytopenia associated [34] Shelton GD, Ho M, Kass PH: Risk factors for acquired myasthenia with thymoma in a domestic shorthaired cat. J Am Anim Hosp gravis in cats: 105 cases (1986–1998). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; Assoc. 2008; 44: 210–217 216: 55–57 [12] Foley P, Shaw D, Runyon C et al.: Serum parathyroid hormone- [35] Shelton GD, Schule A, Kass PH: Risk factors for acquired myasthe- related protein concentration in a dog with a thymoma and persis- nia gravis in dogs: 1154 cases (1991–1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. tent hypercalcemia. Can Vet J. 2000; 41: 867–870 1997; 211: 1428–1431 [13] Forster-Van Hijfte MA, Curtis CF, White RN: Resolution of exfolia- [36] Scherrer W, Kyles A, Samii V et al.: Computed tomographic tive dermatitis and Malassezia pachydermatis overgrowth in a cat assessment of vascular invasion and resectability of mediastinal after surgical thymoma resection. J Small Anim Pract. 1997; 38: masses in dogs and a cat. New Zeal Vet J. 2008; 56: 330–333 451–454 [37] Singh A, Boston SE, Poma R: Thymoma-associated exfoliative der- [14] Gores BR, Berg J, Carpenter JL et al.: Surgical treatment of thy- matitis with post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis in a cat. Can Vet J. moma in cats: 12 cases (1987–1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc.1994; 2010; 51: 757–760 204: 1782–1785 [38] Smith A: Extranodal lymphosarcoma. In August JR (Hrsg.): Consul- [15] Hunt GB, Churcher RK, Church DB et al.: Excision of a locally inva- tations in feline internal medicine. 5. Auflage, St. Louis: Elsevier –

sive thymoma causing cranial vena caval syndrome in a dog. J Am Saunders 2006; 633 641 Literaturverzeichnis Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 210: 1628–1630 [39] Smith AN, Wright JC, Brawner WR et al.: Radiation therapy in the [16] Hylands R: Veterinary diagnostic imaging. Thymoma. Can Vet J. treatment of canine and feline thymomas: a retrospective study 2006; 47: 593–596 (1985–1999). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37: 489–496 [17] Kaser-Hotz B, Rohrer RR, Fidel JL et al.: Radiotherapy in three [40] Smits B, Reid MM: Feline paraneoplastic syndrome associated with suspect cases of feline thymoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2001; 37 thymoma. New Zeal Vet J. 2003; 51: 244–247 (5): 483–488 [41] Spadavecchia C, Jaggy A: Thymectomy in a cat with myasthenia [18] Kessler M, Kandel B: Chemotherapie des malignen Lymphoms gravis: a case report focusing on perianaesthetic management. beim Hund: Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen mit dem „Hofheimer Pro- Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2008; 150: 515–518 tokoll“ bei 57 Patienten. Kleintierprax. 2004; 49: 341–408 [42] Takanami I, Abiko T, Koizumi S: Therapeutic outcomes in thymec- [19] Kirchhoff A, Walter JH: Thymome bei der Katze: Makroskopische, tomied patients with myasthenia gravis. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc histologische und immunohistochemische Befunde. Kleintierprax. Surg. 2009; 15: 373–377 1996; 41: 177–184 [43] Teske E: Canine malignant lymphoma: a review and comparison [20] Klebanow ER: Thymoma and acquired myasthenia gravis in the with human non-Hodgkinʼs lymphoma. Vet Q. 1994; 16: 209–219 dog: a case report and review of 13 additional cases. J Am Anim [44] Uchida K, Awamura YA, Nakamura T et al: Thymoma and multiple Hosp Assoc. 1992; 28: 63–69 thymic cysts in a dog with acquired myasthenia gravis. J Vet Med [21] Lainesse MFC, Taylor SM, Myers SL et al.: Focal myasthenia gravis Sci. 2002; 64: 637–640 as a paraneoplastic syndrome of canine thymoma: Improvement [45] Van Oosterhout IC, Teske E, Vos JH et al.: Myasthenia gravis and a following thymectomy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: 111–117 thymoma in a cat. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1989; 114: 499–504 [22] Lana S, Plaza S, Hampe K et al.: Diagnosis of mediastinal masses in [46] Vilafranca M, Font A: Thymolipoma in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. dogs by flow cytometry. J Vet Int Med. 2006; 20: 1161–1165 2005; 7: 125–127 [23] Leppin R: Die Computertomographie in der Diagnostik peri- und [47] Wood SL, Rosenstein DS, Bebchuk T: Myasthenia gravis and thy- parakardialer Erkrankungen bei Hund und Katze. Kleintierprax. moma in a dog. Vet Rec. 2001; 148: 573–574 2005; 50: 137–212 [48] Yoon J, Feeney DA, Cronk DE et al.: Computed tomographic eva- [24] Malik R, Gabor L, Hunt GB et al.: Benign cranial mediastinal lesions luation of canine and feline mediastinal masses in 14 patients. Vet in three cats. Austr Vet J. 1997; 75: 183–193 Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 542–546 [25] Marie JP, Lacoume YL, Laquierrière A et al.: Diaphragmatic effects [49] Zitz JC, Birchard SJ, Couto GC et al.: Results of excision of thy- of selective resection of the upper phrenic nerve root in dogs. moma in cats and dogs: 20 cases (1984–2005). J Am Vet Med Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2006; 154: 419–430 Assoc. 2008; 232: 1186–1192 [26] Mayhew PD, Friedberg JS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of noninvasive thymomas using one-lung ventilation in two dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 756–762 25 Tumoren der Pleura und des Peritoneums [27] Mears EA, Jenkins CC: Canine and feline megaesophagus. Vet Clin Small Anim. 1997; 19: 313–326 (Mesotheliom) [28] Meleo KA: The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of lymphoma [1] Andrews EJ: Pleural mesothelioma in a cat. J Comp Pathol. 1973; and thymoma. Vet Clin Small Anim. 1997; 27: 115–129 83: 259–263 [29] Patnaik AK, Lieberman PH, Erlandson RA et al.: Feline cystic thy- [2] Bacci B, Morandi F, De Meo M et al.: Ten cases of feline mesothe- moma: a clinicopathologic, immunohistologic, and electron micros- lioma: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. J Comp copic study of 14 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2003; 5: 27–35 Pathol. 2006; 134: 347–354 [30] Rogers KS, Walker MA: Disorders of the mediastinum. Vet Clin [3] Betta PG: Recent advances in the biology of diffuse malignant Small Anim. 1997; 19: 69–82 mesothelioma. Cancer J. 1992; 5: 249–253 [31] Rusbridge C, White RN, Elwood CM et al.: Treatment of acquired [4] Breeze RG, Lauder IM: Pleural mesothelioma in a dog. Vet Rec. myasthenia gravis associated with thymoma in two dogs. J Small 1975; 96: 243–246 Anim Pract. 1996; 36: 376–380 [5] Brisson BA, Reggeti F, Bienzle D: Portal site metastasis of invasive [32] Scillia P, Capello M, De Troyer A: Determinants of diaphragm mesothelioma after diagnostic thoracoscopy in a dog. J Am Vet motion in unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. J Appl Physiol. 2004; Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 980–983 96: 96–100 [6] Brunner P: Papillary-polypous mesothelioma of the pericardium of [33] Scott-Moncrieff JC, Cook JR, Lantz GC: Acquired myasthenia gravis a dog. Virchows Arch Abt A Path Anat. 1972; 357: 275–280 in a cat with thymoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 196: 1291– 1293

[7] Closa JM, Font A, Mascort J: Pericardial mesothelioma in a dog: [31] Liptak JM, Brebner NS: Hemidiaphragmatic reconstruction with a long-term survival after pericardiectomy in combination with che- transversus abdominis muscle flap after resection of a solitary motherapy. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 383–386 diaphragmatic mesothelioma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; [8] Corson JM: Pathology of mesothelioma. Thorac Surg Clin. 2004; 228: 1204–1208 14: 447–460 [32] Liu KX, Bird AE, Lenz SD et al.: Antigenexpression in normal and [9] Craig JA, Helman RG, Walker M: Costal bone changes similar to neoplastic canine tissues defined by a monoclonal antibody genera- hypertrophic osteopathy associated with pulmonary and abdominal ted against canine mesothelial cells. Vet Pathol. 1994; 31: 663–673 mesothelioma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 186: 1100–1101 [33] Loupal G: Beitrag zum Vorkommen von Mesotheliomen bei Hun- [10] De Nardo P: Veterinary environmental epidemiology: the case of den. Zbl Vet Med A. 1982; 29: 538–546 respiratory pathology in the dog. Ann 1st Super Sanita. 1997; 33: [34] MacDonald KA, Cagney O, Magne ML: Echocardiographic and cli- 587–593 nicopathologic characterization of pericardial effusion in dogs: 107 [11] DiPinto MN, Dunstan RW, Lee C: Cystic, peritoneal mesothelioma cases (1985–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 235: 1456–1461 in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 385–389 [35] Machida N, Tanaka R, Takemura N et al.: Development of pericar- [12] Dubielzig RR: Sclerosing mesothelioma in five dogs. J Am Anim dial mesothelioma in Golden Retrievers with a long-term history of Hosp Assoc. 1979; 15: 745–748 idiopathic haemorrhagic pericardial effusion. J Comp Pathol. 2004; 131: 166–175 [13] Dunning D, Monnet E, Orton EC et al.: Analysis of prognostic indicators for dogs with pericardial effusion: 46 cases (1985–1996). J [36] McDonald JC: Epidemiology of malignant mesothelioma – An out- Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 212: 1276–1280 line. Ann Occup Hyg. 2010; 54: 851–857 [14] Echandi RL, Morandi F, Newman SJ et al.: Imaging diagnosis – [37] McDonough SP, MacLachlan NJ, Tobias AH: Canine pericardial canine thoracic mesothelioma. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: mesothelioma. Vet Pathol. 1992; 29: 256–260 243–245 [38] Mirabella F: Epidemiologic study of spontaneous mesothelioma in [15] Espino L, Vazquez S, Faílde D et al.: Localized pleural mesothe- dogs: its possible usefulness in reference to human pathology. Med lioma causing cranial vena cava syndrome in a dog. J Vet Diagn Lav. 1987; 78: 28–32 Invest. 2010; 22: 309–312 [39] Misdorp W: Tumours in calves: comparative aspects. J Comp [16] Fine DM, Tobias AH, Jacob KA: Use of pericardial fluid pH to distin- Pathol. 2002; 127: 96–105 guish between idiopathic and neoplastic effusions. J Vet Intern [40] Moore AS, Kirk C, Cordona A: Intracavitary Cisplatin chemothe- Med. 2003; 17: 525–529 rapy experience with six dogs. J Vet Int Med. 1991; 5: 227–231 [17] Geib LW, de Navarez F, Clifford HE: Pleural mesothelioma in a [41] Ogilvie GK, Reynolds HA, Richardson RC et al.: Phase II evaluation Dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1962; 140: 1317–1319 of doxorubicin for treatment of various canine neoplasms. J Am Vet [18] Glickman LT, Domanski LM, Maguire TG et al.: Mesothelioma in Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1580–1583 pet dogs associated with exposure of their owners to asbestos. Envi- [42] Ogilvie GK, Obradovich JE, Elmslie RE et al.: Efficacy of mitoxant- ronmental Res. 1983; 32: 305–313 rone against various neoplasms in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; [19] Harbison ML, Godleski JJ: Malignant mesothelioma in urban dogs. 198: 1618–1621 Vet Pathol. 1983; 20: 531–540 [43] van Ooijen PG: Diffuse mesothelioma in the dog. Tijdschr Dierge- [20] Head KW, Else RW, Dubielzig R: Tumors of serosal surfaces. In: neeskd. 1978; 20: 1116–1120 Meuten DJ (Hrsg.): Tumors of domestic animals. 4. Aufl., Iowa State [44] Raflo CP, Nuernberger SP: Abdominal mesothelioma in a cat. Vet Press, Ames 2002; S. 365–399 Pathol. 1978; 15: 781–783 [21] Hirschberger J, Pusch S: Fibronectin concentrations in pleural and [45] Ramael M, Van Meerbeek J, Van Merck E: Mesothelioma: Current abdominal effusions in dogs and cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: insights. Cancer J. 1994; 7: 174–180 321–325 [46] Ressel L, Poli A: Simultaneous double labelling of routinely proces- [22] Humphrey EW, Ewing SL, Wrigley JV et al.: The production of sed paraffin tissue sections using combined immunoperoxidase, malignant tumors of the lung and pleura in dogs from intratracheal immunofluorescence, and digital image editing. Res Vet Sci. 2010; asbestos instillation and cigarette smoking. Cancer. 1981; 47: 88: 122–126 1994–1999 [47] Rice TW, Adelstien DJ, Kirby TJ et al.: Aggressive multimodality [23] Ikede BO, Zubaidy A, Gill CW: Pericardial mesothelioma with car- therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann Thorac Surg. diac tamponade in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 496–500 1994; 58: 24—29 [24] Jaurand MC, Fleury-Feith J: Pathogenesis of malignant pleural [48] Rinke M, Rosenbruch M: Pleural mesothelioma in a young cat. mesothelioma. Respirology. 2005; 10: 2–8 Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003; 110: 177–178 [25] Kasbohm C, Bembardt C: Das Mesotheliom des Hundes aus zytolo- [49] Rollins KD, Lindley C: Permetrexed: a multitargeted antifolate. Clin gischer und histologischer Sicht. Tierärztl Prax. 1977; 5: 379–388 Ther. 2005; 27: 1343–1382 [26] Kerstetter KK, Krahwinkel DJ, Millis DL et al.: Pericardectomy in [50] Roggli VL, Gibbs AR, Attanoos R et al.: Pathology of asbestosis – dogs: 22 cases (1978–1994). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 211: 736– An update of the diagnostic criteria: Report of the asbestosis com- 740 mittee of the college of american pathologists and pulmonary [27] Kim JH, Choi YK, Yoon HY et al.: Juvenile malignant mesothelioma pathology society. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2010; 134: 462–480 in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2002; 64: 269–271 [51] Rostami M, Tateyama S, Uchida K et al.: Tumors in domestic ani- [28] Lara A, Kosarek C, Hosoya K et al.: Palliative management of mals examined during a ten-year period (1980 to 1989) at Miyazaki malignant effusion with implantable vascular access ports in dogs. University. J Vet Med Sci. 1994; 56: 403–405 In: Proc Ann Congress European Society of Veterinary Oncology [52] Schaer M, Meyer D: Benign peritoneal mesothelioma, hyperthyroi- 2007, Cambridge, England, 14 dism, nonsuppurative hepatitis, and chronic disseminated intravas- [29] Leisewitz AL, Nesbit JW: Malignant mesothelioma in a seven-week cular coagulation in a cat: A case report. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. old puppy. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1992; 63: 70–73 1988; 24: 195–202 [30] Lew F, Tsang P, Holland JF et al.: High frequency of immune dys- [53] Schoning P, Layton CE, Fortney WD et al: Sclerosing peritoneal functions in asbestos workers and in patients with malignant meso- mesothelioma in a dog evaluated by electron microscopy and thelioma. J Clin Immunol. 1986; 6: 225–233 immunoperoxidase techniques. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1992; 4: 217– 220

[54] Seo KW, Choi US, Jung YC et al.: Palliative intravenous cisplatin [11] Berg J, Weinstein MJ, Schelling SH et al.: Treatment of dogs with treatment for concurrent peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma in a osteosarcoma by administration of cisplatin after amputation or dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: 201–204 limb-sparing surgery: 22 cases (1987–1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [55] Sparkes A, Murphy S, McConnell F et al.: Palliative intracavitary 1992; 200: 2005–2008 carboplatin therapy in a cat with suspected pleural mesothelioma. J [12] Berg J, Weinstein MJ, Springfield DS et al.: Results of surgery and Feline Med Surg. 2005; 7: 313–316 doxorubicin chemotherapy in dogs with osteosarcoma. J Am Vet [56] Spugnini EP, Crispi S, Scarabello A et al.: Piroxicam and intracavi- Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 1555–1559 tary platinum-based chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced [13] Bergman PJ: Practitionerʼs guide to chemotherapy in the 90ʼs. mesothelioma in pets: preliminary observations. J Exp Clin Cancer Hand-out 1994; Colorado State University Comparative Oncology Res. 2008; 27: 6 Unit [57] Stepien RL, Whitley NT, Dubielzig RR: Idiopathic or mesothe- [14] Biller BJ, Guth A, Burton JH et al.: Decreased ratio of CD8+ T cells lioma-related pericardial effusion: clinical findings and survival in 17 to regulatory T cells associated with decreased survival in dogs with dogs studied retrospectively. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41: 342– osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 1118–1123 347 [15] Bingel SA: Hemangiosarcoma of bone in the dog. J Small Anim – –

[58] Taryle DA, Lakshminarayan S, Sahn SA: Pleural Mesothelioma Pract. 1974; 15: 303 307 Literaturverzeichnis An analysis of 18 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Balti- [16] Böhm P, Scherer MA: Incorporation of devitalized autografts in more). 1976; 55: 153–162 dogs. Int Orthop. 1997; 21: 283–290 [59] Tilley LP, Owens JM, Wilkins RJ et al.: Pericardial mesothelioma [17] Böhm P: Die Replantation extrakorporal devitalisierter Knochen- with effusion in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1975; 11: 60–65 resektate als Defektrekonstruktion in der Tumororthopädie – eine [60] Thrall DE, Goldschmidt MH: Mesothelioma in the dog: six case Übersicht. Z Orthop. 1998; 136: 197–204 reports. J Am Vet Radiol Soc. 1978; 19: 107–115 [18] Böhm P, Fritz J, Thiede S et al.: Re-implantation of extracorporal [61] Umphlet RC, Bertoy RW: Abdominal mesotheliom in a cat. Mod irradiated bone segments in musculoskeletal tumor surgery. Lan- Vet Pract. 1988; 69: 71–73 genbeckʼs Arch Surg. 2003; 387: 355–365 [62] Waite K, Gilligan D: The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of [19] Boston SE, Ehrhart NP, Dernell WS et al.: Evaluation of survival malignant pleural mesothelioma. Clin Oncol. 2007; 19: 182–187 time in dogs with stage III osteosarcoma that undergo treatment: [63] Weiss AT, da Costa AB, Klopfleisch R: Predominantly fibrous 90 cases (1985–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 1905–1908 malignant mesothelioma in a cat. Vet Med Int. 2010; 396794. Epub [20] Boston SE, Duerr F, Bacon N et al.: Intraoperative radiation for 2010 Jun 15 limb sparing of the distal aspect of the radius without transcarpal [64] Wolf AS, Richards WG, Tilleman TR et al.: Characteristics of malig- plating in five dogs. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: 314–323 nant pleural mesothelioma in women. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010; 90: [21] Bright RM: Reconstruction of thoracic wall defects using Marlex 949–956 mesh. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 415–420 [22] Britt T, Clifford C, Barger A et al.: Diagnosing appendicular osteosarcoma with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: 36 cases. J 26 Tumoren des Skeletts Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 145–150 [23] Brodey RS, Abt DA: Results of surgical treatment in 65 dogs with 26.1 Knochentumoren des Hundes osteosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1976; 168: 1032–1035 [1] Allen SW, Duncan JR: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma in a cat. J Am [24] Brodey RS, Riser WH: Canine osteosarcoma: A clinicopathological – Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 90–91 study of 194 cases. Clin Orthop. 1969; 62: 54 64 [2] Anderson MA, Dambach DM, Sorenmo K et al.: Extraskeletal [25] Brodey RS, Misdorp W, Riser WH et al.: Canine skeletal chondro- osteosarcomas in dogs: a retrospective study of 169 cases (1986– sarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 35 cases. J Am Vet Med – 1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 113–120 Assoc. 1974; 165: 68 78 [3] Ansari MM: Bone Infarcts associated with malignant sarcomas. [26] Brodey RS, Sauer RM, Medway W: Canine bone neoplasms. J Am – Comp Contin Educ Pract Vet. 1991; 13: 367–370 Vet Med Assoc. 1963; 143: 471 495 [4] Ashton JA, Farese JP, Milner RJ et al.: Investigation of the effect of [27] Brown NO: Canine hemangiosarcoma: Retrospective analysis 104 – pamidronate disodium on the in vitro viability of osteosarcoma cells cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 186: 56 61 from dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2005; 66: 885–891 [28] Calhoun JH, Mader JT: Antibiotic beads in the management of sur- – [5] Bacon NJ, Ehrhart NP, Dernell WS et al.: Use of alternating admi- gical infection. Am J Surg. 1989; 157: 443 449 nistration of carboplatin and doxorubicin in dogs with microscopic [29] Chester, DK: Multiple cartilaginous exostoses in two generations of metastases after amputation for appendicular osteosarcoma: 50 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1971; 159: 895–897 cases (1999–2006). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 1504–1510 [30] Chun R, Garrett LD, Henry C et al.: Toxicity and efficacy of cisplatin [6] Bailey D, Erb H, Williams L et al.: Carboplatin and doxorubicin and doxorubicin combination chemotherapy for the treatment of combination chemotherapy for the treatment of appendicular canine osteosarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 382–7 osteosarcoma in the dog. J Vet Int Med. 2003; 17: 199–205 [31] Cooley DM, Waters DJ: Skeletal neoplasms of small dogs: A retro- [7] Bech-Nielsen S, Haskins ME, Reif JS et al.: Frequency of osteosar- spective study and literature review. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; coma among first-degree relatives of St. Bernard dogs. J Natl Cancer 33: 11–23 Inst. 1978; 60: 349–353 [32] Coomer A, Farese J, Milner R et al.: Radiation therapy for canine [8] Belli L: Resection of pulmonary metastases in osteosarcoma: A ret- appendicular osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 15–27 rospective analysis of 44 patients. Cancer. 1989; 63: 2546–2552 [33] Craig LE, Julian ME, Ferracone JD: The diagnosis and prognosis of [9] Berg J: Canine osteosarcoma: Amputation and chemotherapy. Vet synovial tumors in dogs: 35 cases. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 66–73 Clin North Am Sm Anim Pract. 1996; 26: 111–121 [34] Crawford C, Rosenberger J: Risk for osteosarcoma in greyhounds. [10] Berg J, Gliatto JM, Wallace MK: Giant cell tumor of the accessory Proc. VCS Symposium on canine osteosarcoma. Sedona, USA, 2006, carpal bone in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 883–885 [35] Crow SE: Primary hemangiosarcoma of the femur in a dog. Mod Vet Pract. 1977; 58: 343–348

[36] Dasgeb B, Mulligan MH, Kim CK: The current status of bone scinti- [57] Farese JP, Milner R, Thompson MS et al.: Stereotactic radiosurgery graphy in malignant diseases. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2007; for treatment of osteosarcomas involving the distal portions of the 11: 301–311 limbs in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 125: 1567–1572 [37] DeRegis CJ, Moore AS, Rand WM et al.: Cisplatin and doxorubicin [58] Farese JP, Ashton J, Milner R et al.: The effect of the bisphospho- toxicosis in dogs with osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: nate alendronate on viability of canine osteosarcoma cells in vitro. 668–673 In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2004; 40: 113–117 [38] Dernell WS, Ehrhart NP, Straw RC et al.: Tumors of the skeletal [59] Farese JP, Kirpensteijn J, Kik M et al.: Biologic behavior and clinical system. In: Withrow, SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Small Animal Clinical Onco- outcome of 25 dogs with canine appendicular chondrosarcoma logy. Saunders, St Louis 2007; 540–584 treated by amputation: a Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology [39] Dernell WS, Schwarz PD, Withrow SJ: Mandibulectomy. In: Bojrab retrospective study. Vet Surg. 2009; 38: 914–919 MJ (Hrsg.): Current techniques in small animal surgery. Williams [60] Feeney DA, Johnston GR, Grindem CB: Malignant neoplasia of and Wilkens, Baltimore 1998; 132–142 canine ribs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 180: 927–933 [40] Dernell WS, Straw RC, Cooper MF: Multilobular osteochondrosar- [61] Florian S, Scharvogel S, Böttcher P et al.: Das Synovialzellsarkom. coma in 39 dogs: 1979–1993. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: Eine Übersicht mit Fallbeispielen. Abstr. DGK-JT. 2007 11–18 [62] Forrest LJ, Thrall DE: Bone scintigraphy for metastasis detection in [41] Dernell WS, Straw RC, Powers BE et al.: Correlation between sur- canine osteosarcoma. Vet Rad Ultrasound. 1994; 35: 124–130 vival and increasing doses of cisplatin for the treatment of appendi- [63] Gallegos J, Schwarz T, McAnulty JF: Massive midline occipitotem- cular osteosarcoma. Proc 13th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc. 1993; 92– poral resection of the skull for treatment of multilobular osteo- 93 chondrosarcoma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 233: [42] Dernell WS, VanVechten BJ, Straw RC et al.: Outcome following 752–7 treatment for vertebral tumors in 20 dogs (1986–1995). J Am [64] Gamblin RM, Straw RC, Powers BE et al.: Primary osteosarcoma Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 245–251 distal to the antebrachiocarpal and tarsocrural joints in nine dogs [43] Dickerson ME, Page RL, LaDue TA et al.: Retrospective analysis of (1980–1992). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 86–91 axial skeleton osteosarcoma in 22 large-breed dogs. J Vet Intern [65] Garma RH, Powel FR, Tompsett JW: Malignant giant cell tumor in Med. 2001; 15: 120–124 a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1977; 171: 546–548 [44] Dieckmann R, Streitbürger A, Balke M et al.: Modulare endopro- [66] Garzotto C, Berg J: Oncology, musculoskeletal system. In: Slatter D thetische Rekonstruktionen bei malignen Knochentumoren. Op- (Hrsg.): Textbook of Small Animal Surgery. Saunders, Philadelphia Journal 2010; 26: 186–191 2003; 2460–2474 [45] DiResta GR, Aiken SW, Brown HK et al.: Influence of carboplatin [67] Garzotto CK, Berg J, Hoffmann WE et al.: Prognostic significance infusion on osteosarcoma blood flow. Cancer Chemother Pharma- of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in canine appendicular col. 2008; 62: 545–549 osteosarcoma. J Vet Int Med. 2000; 14: 587–592 [46] Dubielzig TF, Biery DN, Brodey RS: Bone sarcomas associated with [68] Gellasch KL, Kalscheur VL, Clayton MK et al.: Fatigue microda- multifocal medullary bone infarction in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. mage in the radial predilection site for osteosarcoma in dogs. Am J 1981; 179: 64–68 Vet Res. 2002; 63: 896–899 [47] Egenvall A, Nodtvedt A, Von Euler H: Bone tumors in a population [69] Gibbs C, Denny HR, Lucke VM: The radiological features of non- of 400.000 insured Swedish dogs up to 10y of age: incidence and osteogenic malignant tumours of bone in the appendicular skeleton survival. Can J Vet Res. 2007; 71: 292–294 of the dog: a review of thirty-four cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1985; [48] Ehrhart N: Longitudinal bone transport for treatment of primary 26: 537–553 bone tumors in dogs: technique description and outcome in 9 [70] Gibson KL, Blass CE, Simpson M et al.: Malignant fibrous histiocy- dogs. Vet Surg. 2005; 34: 24–34 toma in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 1443–1445 [49] Ehrhart N, Dernell WS, Hoffmannn WE et al.: Prognostic impor- [71] Gilson SD: Neuro-oncological surgery of the vertebral column and tance of alkaline phosphatase activity in serum from dogs with spinal cord. In: Slatter DH (Hrsg.): Textbook of small animal surgery. appendicular osteosarcoma: 75 cases (1990–1996). J Am Vet Med Saunders, Philadelphia 2003; 1277–1286 Assoc. 1998; 213: 1002–1006 [72] Gösling T, Brunemmer U, Länger F et al.: Primäre Knochentumo- [50] Enneking WF: Musculoskeletal tumor staging: 1988 update. Can- ren – allgemeine Grundlagen. Op-Journal 2010; 26: 162–170 cer Treat Res. 1989; 44: 39–49 [73] Goldschmidt MH, Thrall DE: Malignant bone tumors in the dog. In: [51] Fan TM, de Lorimer LP, Carney SC et al.: Evaluation of intravenous Newton CO, Nunamaker DM (Hrsg.): Textbook of Small Animal pamidronate administration in 33 cancer-bearing dogs with primary Orthopedics. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia 1985; 887–902 or secondary bone involvement. J Vet Int Med. 2005; 19: 659–664 [74] Gorman E, Barger AM, Wypij JM et al.: Cutaneous metastasis of [52] Fan TM, de Lorimier LP, Garrett LD, Lacoste HI: The bone biologic primary appendicular osteosarcoma in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; effects of zoledronate in healthy dogs and dogs with malignant 35: 358–361 osteolysis. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 380–387 [75] Häni H, Lang J, Heider K et al.: Osteosarcoma of the distal femur, [53] Fan TM, de Lorimier LP, OʼDell-Anderson K et al.: Single-agent combined with multiple bone infarcts: the case of a 10–year-old pamidronate for palliative therapy of canine appendicular osteosar- poodle Tierärztl Prax. 1988; 16: 303–306 coma bone pain. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 431–439 [76] Hahn KA, Richardson RC, Blevins WE et al.: Intramedullary cispla- [54] Fan TM: The Role of bisphosphonates in the management of tin chemotherapy: experience in four dogs with osteosarcoma. J patients that have cancer. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 187–192 2007; 37: 1091–1110 [77] Halfacree ZJ, Baines SJ, Lipscomb VJ et al.: Use of a latissimus [55] Fan TM: Therapeutic applications of aminobiphosphonates for trea- dorsi myocutaneous flap for one-stage reconstruction of the thora- ting canine osteosarcoma: present and future. Proc Vet Cancer Soc cic wall after en bloc resection of primary rib chondrosarcoma in Symposium on Canine Osteosarcoma Sedona, 2006; 53–54 five dogs. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: 587–592 [56] Fan TM, Charney SC, de Lorimier LP et al.: Double-blind placebo- [78] Hammer AS, Weeren RF, Weisbrode SE et al.: Prognostic factors controlled trial of adjuvant pamidronate with palliative radiotherapy in dogs with osteosarcomas of the flat or irregular bones. J Am and intravenous doxorubicin for canine appendicular osteosarcoma Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 321–326 bone pain. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 152–60

[79] Hardy WD: Osteosarcoma of the canine skull. J Am Vet Radiol Soc. [102] Kotz R, Krisch K, Lack W: Hochdosierte Methotrexat-Behandlung 1967; 8: 5–8 bei osteogenem Sarkom. Arzneim Forsch. 1980; 1953–1956 [80] Henrichs MP, Streitbürger A, Dieckmann R et al.: Die Biopsie von [103] Kramer A, Walsh PJ, Seguin B: Hemipelvectomy in dogs and cats: Knochentumoren. OP-Journal 2010; 26: 172–177 technique overview, variations, and description. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: [81] Hernigou PH, Thiery JP, Benoit J et al.: Methotrexate diffusion 413–419 from acrylic cement. J. Bone Joint Surg. 1989; 71: 804–811 [104] Kulmsee K, Hirschfeld D, Schoenrock D et al.: Synovialzellsarkom [82] Heyman SJ, Diefenderfer DL, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Canine axial beim Hund – Ein Fallbericht. Tierärztl Prax. 2001; 29: 88–91 skeletal osteosarcoma: A retrospective study of 116 cases (1986– [105] Kuntz CA, Asselin TL, Dernell WS et al.: Limb salvage surgery for 1989). Vet Surg. 1992; 21: 304–310 osteosarcoma of the proximal humerus: outcome in 17 dogs. Vet [83] Hidaka Y, Hagio M, Uchida K et al.: Primary hemangiosarcoma of Surg. 1998; 27: 417–422 the humerus in a Maltese dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2006; 68: 895–898 [106] Kuntz CA, Dernell WS, Powers BE et al.: Extraskeletal osteosarco- [84] Hillers KR, Dernell WS, Lafferty MH et al.: Incidence and prognos- mas in dogs: 14 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 26–30 tic importance of lymph node metastases in dogs with appendicular [107] Langley-Hobbs SJ, Carmichael S, Lamb CR et al.: Polyostotic lym- osteosarcoma: 228 cases (1986–2003). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; phoma in a young dog: a case report and literature review. J Small

226: 1364–1367 Anim Pract. 1997; 38: 412–6 Literaturverzeichnis [85] Hovy L: Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur lokalen Knochentu- [108] Langova V, Straw RC, Mutsaers A et al.: Treatment of canine mor-Therapie. Habilitationsschrift, Frankfurt am Main 1993 osteosarcoma with surgery, carboplatin, doxorubicin and piroxicam. [86] Jankowski MK, Steyn PF, Lana SE et al.: Nuclear scanning with Aust Vet Pract. 2004; 34: 98–102 99mTc-HDP for the initial evaluation of osseous metastasis in [109] Lansdowne JL, Monnet E, Twedt DC et al.: Thoracoscopic lung canine osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2003; 1: 152–158 lobectomy for treatment of lung tumors in dogs. Vet Surg. 2005; [87] Jeys LM, Grimer GJ, Carter SR et al.: Post operative infection and 34: 530–535 increased survival in osteosarcoma patients: are they associated? [110] Lara A, Couto CG, Crawford C et al.: Clinicopathologic features of Ann Surg Onc. 2007; 10: 1245–1254 appendicular osteosarcoma in retired racing greyhounds. Proc. [88] Jehn CT, Lewis DD, Farese JP et al.: Transverse ulnar bone trans- VCS Symposium on canine osteosarcoma, Sedona, USA, 2006, 17 port osteogenesis: a new technique for limb salvage for the treat- [111] Lascelles BD, Dernell WS, Cafferty MT et al.: Improved survival ment of distal radial osteosarcoma in dogs. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: associated with postoperative wound infection in dogs treated with 324–334 limb-salvage surgery for osteosarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2005; 12: [89] Jongeward SJ: Primary bone tumors. Vet Clin North Am. 1985; 15: 1073–1083 609–641 [112] Lascelles BD, Thomson MJ, Dernell WS et al.: Combined dorsola- [90] Kent MS, Strom A, London CA et al.: Alternating carboplatin and teral and intraoral approach for the resection of tumors of the doxorubicin as adjunctive chemotherapy to amputation or limb- maxilla in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 294–305 sparing surgery in the treatment of appendicular osteosarcoma in [113] LeCouteur RA, Nimmo JS, Price SM et al.: A case of giant cell dogs. J Vet Int Med. 2004; 18: 540–544 tumor of bone (osteoclastoma) in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [91] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Lokalisations- und Rasseverteilung von 1978; 14: 356–362 Osteosarkomen bei kleinen und mittleren Hunderassen. Auswer- [114] Leibman NF, Kuntz CA, Steyn PF et al.: Accuracy of radiography, tung von 28 Fällen (unveröffentlicht), 1998 nuclear scintigraphy, and histopathology for determining the proxi- [92] Kim H, Nakaichi M, Itamoto K et al.: Primary chondrosarcoma in mal extent of distal radius osteosarcoma in dogs. Vet Surg. 2001; the skull of a dog. J Vet Sci. 2007; 8: 99–101 30: 240–245 [93] Kim SY, Helman LJ: Strategies to explore new approaches in the [115] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Ehrhart N et al.: Cortical allograft and investigation and treatment of osteosarcoma. Cancer Treat Res. endoprosthesis for limb-sparing surgery in dogs with distal radial 2009; 152: 517–528 osteosarcoma: a prospective clinical comparison of two different limb-sparing techniques. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 518–533 [94] Kistler KR: Canine osteosarcoma: 1462 cases reviewed to uncover patterns of height, weight, breed, sex, age and site involvement. [116] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Lascelles BD et al.: Intraoperative extracor- Phi Zeta Awards, Univ of Pennsylvania, School of Vet Medicine, poreal irradiation for limb sparing in 13 dogs. Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 1981 446–456 [95] Kirpensteijn J, Straw RC, Pardo AD et al.: Partial and total scapu- [117] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Straw RC et al.: Proximal radial and distal lectomy in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 313–319 humeral osteosarcoma in 12 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2004; 40: 461–467 [96] Kirpensteijn J, Kik M, Rutteman GR et al.: Prognostic significnace of a new histologic grading system for canine osteosarcoma. Vet [118] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Straw RC et al.: Intercalary bone grafts for Pathol. 2002; 39: 240–246 joint and limb preservation in 17 dogs with high-grade malignant tumors of the diaphysis. Vet Surg. 2004; 33: 457–467 [97] Klahn S, Dervisis N, Kitchell B: A retrospective analysis of 19 cases of periarticular histiocytic sarcoma in dogs: 2004–2008. Proc. 29th [119] Liptak JM, Pluhar GE, Dernell WS et al.: Limb-sparing surgery in a Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc., Austin, 2009; 29 dog with osteosarcoma of the proximal femur. Vet Surg. 2005; 34; 71–77 [98] Knecht CD, Priester WA: Musculoskeletal tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978; 172: 72–74 [120] Liptak JM, Kamstock DA, Dernell WS et al.: Oncologic outcome after curative-intent treatment in 39 dogs with primary chest wall [99] Knobloch S: Komplikationen nach Osteosynthese von Schaftfraktu- tumors (1992–2005). Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 488–496 ren langer Röhrenknochen bei Hund und Katze. Ursachen, Therapie und Ergebnisse in den Jahren 1980–1987. Diss med vet, München [121] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Rizzo SA et al.: Reconstruction of chest 1990 wall defects after rib tumor resection: a comparison of autogenous, prosthetic, and composite techniques in 44 dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; [100] Kraegel SA, Madewell BR, Simonson E et al.: Osteogenic sarcoma 37: 479–487 and cisplatin chemotherapy in dogs: 16 cases (1986–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 1057–1059 [122] Liu SK, Harvey HJ: Metastatic bone neoplasms in the dog. In: Bojrab MJ (Hrsg.): Pathophysiology in Small Animal Surgery. Lea & [101] Kosovsky JK, Matthiesen DT, Maretta SM et al.: Results of partial Febiger, Philadelphia 1981; 712–715 mandibulectomy in the treatment of oral tumors in 142 dogs. Vet Surg. 1991; 20: 397–401

[123] Ling GV, Morgan JP, Pool RR: Primary bone tumors in the dog: a [144] Mullins MN, Lana SE, Dernell WS et al.: Cyclooxygenase-2 expres- combined clinical, radiographic, and histologic approach to early sion in canine appendicular osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; diagnosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1974; 165: 55–67 1: 859–865 [124] Lord LK, Yaissle JE, Marin L et al.: Results of a web-based health [145] Nagel ML, Tellhelm B: Knochentumoren des Bewegungsapparates survey of retired racing Greyhounds. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: beim Hund. 12. Jahrestagung d. VÖK, Salzburg 1997: 109–114 1243–1250 [146] Nagel ML: Chemotherapeutische Möglichkeiten bei malignen Kno- [125] Loukopoulos P, Robinson WF: Clinicopathological relevance of chentumoren des Hundes. Gießener Kleintiertag 18. Juni 1997 tumour grading in canine osteosarcoma. J Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: [147] Norton C, Drenen CM, Emms SG: Subtotal scapulectomy as the 65–73 treatment for scapular tumour in the dog: a report of six cases. [126] Lucas PW, Fan TM, Garrett LD et al.: A comparison of five different Aust Vet J. 2006; 84: 364–366 bone resorption markers in osteosarcoma-bearing dogs, normal [148] OʼBrien MG, Straw RC, Withrow SJ et al.: Resection of pulmonary dogs, and dogs with orthopaedic diseases. J Vet Int Med. 2008; 22: metastases in canine osteosarcoma: 36 cases (1983–1992). Vet 1008–1013 Surg. 1993; 22: 105–109 [127] Lurie DM, Séguin B, Schneider PD et al.: Contrast-assisted ultra- [149] OʼBrien MG, Withrow SJ, Straw RC: Recent advances in the treat- sound for sentinel lymph node detection in spontaneously arising ment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma. Comp Contin Educ canine head and neck tumors. Invest Radiol. 2006; 41: 415–421 Pract Vet. 1993; 15: 613–616 [128] MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID, Rosenthal RC: Therapy for osteosar- [150] Obradovich JE, Straw RC, Powers BE et al.: Canine chondrosarcoma in dogs with intravenous injection of liposome-encapsulated coma: A clinicopathologic review of 55 cases (1983–1990). Proc muramyl tripeptide. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989; 81: 935–938 10th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc. 1990; 29–30 [129] MacEwen EG, Kurzman ID: Canine osteosarcoma: amputation and [151] Ogilvie GK, Krawiec DW, Gelberg HG: Evaluation of a short-term chemoimmunotherapy. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1996; saline diuresis protocol for the administration of cisplatin. Am J Vet 26: 123–133 Res. 1988; 49: 1076–1078 [130] MacEwen EG: Adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy for [152] Ogilvie GK, Moore AS: Managing the Veterinary Cancer Patient. canine osteosarcoma. Proc. 8th ACVIM Forum, Washington DC, Veterinary Learning Systems Co., Inc. Trenton, New Jersey 1995 1990; 949–952 [153] Ogilvie GK, Reynolds HA, Richardson RC et al.: Phase II evaluation [131] MacGlennon NJ, Houlton JE, Gorman NT: Synovial sarcoma in the of doxorubicin for treatment of various canine neoplasms. J Am Vet dog: A review. J Small Anim Pract. 1988; 29: 139–152 Med Assoc. 1989; 195: 1580–1583 [132] Marcellin-Little DJ, DeYoung DJ, Thrall DE et al.: Osteosarcoma at [154] Ogilvie GK, Straw RC, Jameson VJ et al.: Evaluation of single-agent the site of bone infarction associated with total hip arthroplasty in a chemotherapy for treatment of clinically evident osteosarcoma dog. Vet Surg. 1999; 28: 54–60 metastasis in dogs: 45 cases (1987–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [133] Matis U, Krauser K, Schwartz-Porsche D et al.: Multiple Enchond- 1993; 202: 304–306 romatosis in the dog. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 1989; 4: 144– [155] Owen LN: Transplantation of canine osteosarcoma. Eur J Cancer. 151 1969; 5: 615–620 [134] Matthiesen DT, Clark GN, Orsher RJ et al.: En bloc resection of pri- [156] Parchman MB, Crameri FM: Primary vertebral hemangiosarcoma mary rib tumors in 40 dogs. Vet Surg. 1992; 21: 201–204 in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 79–81 [135] Mauldin GN, Matus RE, Withrow SJ: Canine osteosarcoma treat- [157] Patnaik AK: Canine extraskeletal osteosarcoma and condrosar- ment by amputation versus amputation and adjuvant chemothe- coma: A clinicopathologic study of 14 cases. Vet Pathol. 1990; 27: rapy using doxorubicin and cisplatin. J Vet Int Med. 1988; 2: 177– 46–50 180 [158] Peter CP, Handt LK, Smith SM: Esophageal irritation due to alend- [136] McChesney-Gillette S, Gillette EL, Powers BE et al.: Radiation- ronate sodium tablets: possible mechanisms. Dig Dis Sci. 1998; 43: induced osteosarcoma in dogs after external beam or intraoperative 1998–2002 radiation therapy. Can Res. 1990; 50: 54–57 [159] Phillips L, Hagar H, Parker R et al.: Osteosarcoma with a patholo- [137] Mehl ML, Séguin B, Dernell WS et al.: Survival analysis of one ver- gical fracture in a six-month-old dog. Vet Radiol. 1986; 27: 18–19 sus two treatment of local delivery cisplatin in a biodegradable [160] Phillips JC, Stephenson B, Hauck M et al.: Heritability and segre- polymer for canine osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 81–86 gation analysis of osteosarcoma in the Scottish deerhound. Geno- [138] Mehl ML, Withrow SJ, Séguin B et al.: Spontaneous regression of mics. 2007; 90: 354–363 osteosarcoma in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 614– [161] Phillips JC, Lembcke L, Chamberlin T: A novel locus for canine 617 osteosarcoma (OSA1) maps to CFA34, the canine orthologue of [139] Mirra JM: Cysts and cyst-like lesions of bone. In: Mirra, JM, Picci P, human 3q26. Genomics. 2010; 96: 220–227 Gold RH (Hrsg.): Bone Tumors: Clinical, Radiographic and Patholo- [162] Phillips B, Powers BE, Dernell WS et al.: Use of single-agent car- gic Correlations. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia 1989; 1233–1234 boplatin as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy in conjunction with [140] Misdorp W, Hart AA: Some prognostic and epidemiologic factors amputation for appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs. J Am Anim in canine osteosarcoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1979; 62: 537–545 Hosp Assoc. 2009; 45: 33–38 [141] Moore AS, Dernell WS, Ogilvie GK et al.: Doxorubicin and BAY [163] Pirkey-Ehrhart N, Withrow SJ, Straw RC et al.: Primary rib tumors 12–9566 for the treatment of osteosarcoma in dogs: a randomized, in 54 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 65–69 double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: [164] Poirer VJ, Huelsmeyer MK, Kurzman ID et al.: The bisphosphona- 783–790 tes alendronate und zoledronate are inhibitors of canine and [142] Morello E, Buracco P, Martano M et al.: Bone allografts and adju- human osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro. Vet Comp Onc. 2003; 1: vant cisplatin for the treatment of canine appendicular osteosar- 207–215 coma in 18 dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; 42: 61–66 [165] Popovitch CA Weinstein MJ, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Chondrosar- [143] Morello E, Vasconi E, Martano M et al.: Pasteurized tumoral auto- coma: A retrospective study of 97 dogs (1987–1990). J Am Anim graft and adjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of canine distal Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 81–85 radial osteosarcoma: 13 cases. Vet Surg. 2003; 32: 539–544 [166] Powers BE, LaRue SM, Withrow SJ et al.: Jamshidi needle biopsy for diagnosis of bone lesions in small animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 205–210

[167] Priester WA: The occurrence of tumors in domestic animals. NCI [190] Straw RC, Cook NL, LaRue SM et al.: Radiographic bone surveys. J Monograph No 54, November 1980 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 195 (letters): 1489–1490 [168] Prior C, Watrous BJ, Penfold D: Radial diaphyseal osteosarcoma [191] Straw RC, LeCouteur RA, Powers BE et al.: Multilobular osteo- with associated bone infarction in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. chondrosarcoma of the canine skull: Sixteen cases. J Am Vet Med 1986; 22: 43–48 Assoc. 1989; 195: 1764–1769 [169] Psychas V, Loukopoulos P, Polizopoulou ZS et al.: Multilobular [192] Straw RC, Powers BE, Klausner J et al.: Canine mandibular osteo- tumour of the caudal cranium causing severe cerebral and cerebel- sarcoma: 51 cases (1980–1992). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: lar compression in a dog. J Vet Sci. 2009;10: 81–83 257–262 [170] Puchalski SM, Kent M, Moore PF: Skeletal lesions of histiocytic sar- [193] Straw RC, Withrow SJ, Richter SL et al.: Amputation and cisplatin coma in nineteen dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 539–543 for treatment of canine osteosarcoma J Vet Int Med. 1991; 5: 205– [171] Rendlund RC, Pritzker KP: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma involv- 210 ing the digit in a cat. Vet Pathol. 1984; 21: 442–444 [194] Straw RC, Withrow SJ, Powers BE: Partial or total hemipelvectomy [172] Rogers KS, Janovitz EB, Fooshee SK et al.: Lymphosarcoma with in the management of sarcomas in seven dogs and two cats. Vet disseminated skeletal involvement in a pup. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Surg. 1992; 21: 183–188

1989; 195: 1242–1244 [195] Straw RC, Withrow SJ: Limb-sparing surgery versus amputation Literaturverzeichnis [173] Romanelli G, Buracco P: Implant related sarcomas (IRS) in 12 dogs for dogs with bone tumors. Vet Clin North Am. 1996; 26: 135–143 and 3 cats. Proc 25th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc, Huntington Beach, [196] Sylvestre AM, Brash ML, Atilola MA et al.: A case series of 25 2005, 69 dogs with chondrosarcoma. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 1992; 5: [174] Rosen G, Suwansirikul S, Kwon C et al.: High dose methotrexate 13–17 with citrovorum factor rescue and adriamycin in childhood osteoge- [197] Thomas HL, Pressler BM, Robertson ID: Radiographic diagnosis- nic sarcoma. Cancer. 1974; 1151–1157 polyostotic lymphoma in a 5 month old dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. [175] Rosenberger JA, Pablo NV, Crawford PC: Prevalence of and intrin- 2001; 42: 521–523 sic risk factors for appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs: 179 cases [198] Thomas R, Wang HJ, Tsai PC et al.: Influence of genetic back- (1996–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: 1076–1080 ground on tumor karyotypes: evidence for breed-associated cyto- [176] Salisbury SK, Lantz GC: Long term results of partial mandibulec- genetic aberrations in canine appendicular osteosarcoma. Chromo- tomy for treatment of oral tumors in 30 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp some Res. 2009; 17: 365–377 Assoc. 1988; 24: 285–293 [199] Thompson JP, Fugent MJ: Evaluation of survival times after limb [177] Schnitzer T, Bone HG, Crepaldi G et al.: Therapeutic equivalence amputation, with or without subsequent administration of cisplatin, of alendronate 70 mg once-weekly and alendronate 10 mg daily in for treatment of osteosarcoma in dogs: 30 cases (1979–1990). J the treatment of osteoporosis. Alendronate Once-Weekly Study Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 531–533 Group. Aging (Milano). 2000; 12: 1–12 [200] Tilmant LL, Gorman NT, Ackerman N et al.: Chemotherapy of [178] Schrader SC, Burk S: Bone casts in two dogs and a review of similar synovial cell sarcoma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: cystic lesions in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 182: 490–495 530–532 [179] Séguin B, Walsh PJ, Mason DR et al.: Use of an ipsilateral vasculari- [201] Tomlin JL, Sturgeon C, Pead MJ et al.: Use of the bisphosphonate zed ulnar transposition autograft for limb-sparing surgery of the drug alendronate for palliative management of osteosarcoma in distal radius in dogs: an anatomic and clinical study. Vet Surg. two dogs. Vet Rec. 2000; 147: 129–132 2003; 32: 69–79 [202] Uhl M, Theves C, Geiger J et al.: Die perkutane Knochenbiopsie: [180] Selvarajah GT, Kirpensteijn J, van Wolferen ME et al.: Gene Experimentelle Studie zum Vergleich von Knochenbiopsiesystemen. expression profiling of canine osteosarcoma reveals genes associa- Z Orthop Unfall. 2009; 147: 327–333 ted with short and long survival times. Mol Cancer. 2009; 8: 72 [203] Vail DM, Powers BE, Morrison WB et al.: Clinical aspects of syno- [181] Selvarajah GT, Kirpensteijn J: Prognostic and predictive biomar- vial cell sarcoma (SCS) in the canine: A retrospective study of 35 kers of canine osteosarcoma. Vet J. 2010; 185: 28–35 cases. Proc. 10th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc. 1990; 31–32 [182] Shapiro W, Fossum TW, Kitchell BE: Use of cisplatin for the treat- [204] Vail DM, Powers BE, Getzy DM et al.: Evaluation of prognosis for ment of appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. dogs with synovial sarcoma: 36 cases (1986–1991). J Am Vet Med 1988; 4: 507–511 Assoc. 1994; 205: 1300–1307 [183] Sinibaldi K, Rosen H, Liu S et al.: Tumors associated with metallic [205] Von Werthern CJ, Horst C, Schwarz G: Zur Gliedmaßenamputa- implants in animals. Clin Orthop. 1976; 118: 257–266 tion bei Hund und Katze: Eine Besitzerbefragung. Kleintierprax. 1999; 44, 169–176 [184] Sottnik JL, UʼRen LW et al.: Chronic bacterial osteomyelitis suppression of tumor growth requires innate immune responses. Can- [206] Wallack ST, Wisner ER, Werner JA: Accuracy of magnetic reso- cer Immunol Immunother. 2010; 59: 367–378 nance imaging for estimating intramedullary osteosarcoma extent in pre-operative planning of canine limb-salvage procedures. Vet [185] Spodnick GJ, Berg RJ, Rand WM et al.: Prognosis for dogs with Radiol Ultrasound. 2002; 43: 432–441 appendicular osteosarcoma treated with amputation alone. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 995–999 [207] Walter CU, Dernell WS, LaRue SM et al.: Curative-intent radiation therapy as a treatment modality for appendicular and axial osteo- [186] Spugnini EP, Vincenzi B, Caruso G et al.: Zoledronic acid for the sarcoma: a preliminary retrospective evaluation of 14 dogs with the treatment of appendicular osteosarcoma in a dog. J Small Anim disease. Vet Comp Oncol. 2005; 3: 1–7 Pract. 2009; 50: 44–46 [208] Waltman SS, Seguin B, Cooper BJ et al.: Clinical outcome of non- [187] Stevenson S, Hohn RB, Pohler OE et al.: Fracture-associated sar- nasal chondrosarcoma in dogs: thirty-one cases (1986–2003). Vet coma in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 180: 1189–1194 Surg. 2007; 36: 266–271 [188] Stevenson S: Fracture-associated sarcomas. Vet Clin North Am [209] Waters DJ: Bone infarction. In: Slatter D (Hrsg.): Textbook of Small Small Anim Pract. 1991; 21: 859–872 Animal Surgery: Musculoskeletal System. W.B. Saunders Co., Phila- [189] Stockhaus C, Schoon HA, Scharvogel S et al.: Die Bedeutung der delphia 1993; 2226–2227 Zytologie für den Nachweis von Knochentumoren bei Hund und [210] Waters DJ: Oncology of the musculoskeletal system. In: Slatter D Katze. Tierärztl Prax K. 2003; 31: 117–147 (Hrsg.): Textbook of Small Animal Surgery. W.B. Saunders Co., Phi- ladelphia 1993; 2213–2230

[211] Wesselhoeft-Ablin L, Berg J, Schelling SH: Fibrosarcoma in the [14] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell M, von Bomhard D et al.: Das Osteosarkom canine appendicular skeleton. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1991; 27: der Katze: Epidemiologische, klinische und röntgenologische Aspekte 303–309 bei 78 Fällen (1990–1995). Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 275–283 [212] White RAS: Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy in the dog: Long [15] Kramer A, Walsh PJ, Seguin B: Hemipelvectomy in dogs and cats: term survival in 100 cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1991; 32: 69–74 technique overview, variations, and description. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: [213] Whitelock RG, Dyce J, Houlton JE et al.: A review of 30 tumors 413–419 affecting joints. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 1997; 10: 146–152 [16] Levitt L, Doige CE: Primary intraosseous fibrosarcoma in a cat. J [214] Withrow SJ, Doige CE: En bloc resection of a juxtacortical and Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 1601–1603 three intra-osseous osteosarcomas of the zygomatic arch in dogs. J [17] Liu SK, Dorfman HD, Patnaik AK: Primary and secondary bone Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1980; 16: 867–872 tumors in the cat. J Small Anim Pract. 1974; 15: 141–156 [215] Withrow SJ, Liptak JM, Straw RC et al.: Biodegradable cisplatin [18] Lord PF, Kapp DS, Schwartz A et al.: Osteogenic sarcoma of the polymer in limb-sparing surgery for canine osteosarcoma. Ann Surg nasal cavity in a cat: post-operative control with high dose-per-frac- Oncol. 2004; 11: 705–713 tion radiation therapy and metronidazole. Vet Radiol. 1982; 23: 23– [216] Withrow SJ, Hirsch VM: Ownerʼs response to amputation of the 26 petʼs leg. Vet Med Small Anim Clin. 1979; 10: 332–334 [19] Lott-Stolz G: Osteochondromatose bei der Katze. Schweiz Arch [217] Withrow SJ: Pulmonary metastasectomy for canine osteosarcoma. Tierheilkd. 1988; 130: 635–638 Proc 8th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc. Estes Park, CO, 1988 [20] Madewell BR, Leighton RL, Theilen GH: Amputation and Doxoru- [218] Wittig JC, Bickels J, Kellar-Graney KL et al.: Osteosarcoma of the bicin for treatment of canine and feline osteogenic sarcoma. Europ proximal humerus: long-term results with limb-sparing surgery. Clin J Cancer. 1978; 14: 287–293 Orth Rel Res. 2002; 397: 156–176 [21] Marioni-Henry K, Van Winkle TJ, Smith SH et al.: Tumors affec- [219] Wolfesberger B, Walter I, Hoelzl C et al.: Antineoplastic effect of ting the spinal cord of cats: 85 cases (1980–2005). J Am Vet Med the cyclooxygenase inhibitor meloxicam on canine osteosarcoma Assoc. 2008; 232: 237–243 cells. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 80: 308–316 [22] Merchav R, Dank G, Aizenberg I et al.: Chondrosarcoma of the [220] Wolke RE, Nielsen SW: Site incidence of canine osteosarcoma. J proximal humerus in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; 46: 454–456 Small Anim Pract. 1966; 7: 489–492 [23] Morton D: Chondrosarcoma arising in a multilobular chondroma in [221] Wootton-Gorges SL: MR imaging of primary bone tumors and a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 186: 804–806 tumor-like conditions in children. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. [24] Nolan TE, Jackson DE, Novak RD: What is your diagnosis ? J Am 2009; 17: 469–487 Vet Med Assoc. 1976; 168: 439–440 [25] Northrup NC, Selting KA, Rassnick KM et al.: Outcomes of cats 26.2 Primäre Knochentumoren der Katze with oral tumors treated with mandibulectomy: 42 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 350–360 [1] Alden CL, Helzer LL: Humeral chondrosarcoma in a cat. Mod Vet [26] Okada M, Kitagawa M, Nagasawa A et al.: Magnetic resonance Pract. 1981; 62: 214–216 imaging and computed tomography findings of vertebral osteosar- [2] Banks WC: Parosteal osteosarcoma in a dog and a cat. J Am Vet coma in a cat. J Vet Med Sci. 2009; 71: 513–517 Med Assoc. 1971; 158: 1412–1415 [27] Popp JA, Simpson CF: Feline malignant giant cell tumor of bone [3] Bitetto WV, Patnaik AK, Schrader SC et al.: Osteosarcoma in cats: associated with c-type virus particles. Cornell Vet. 1976; 66: 527–534 22 cases (1974–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 91–93 [28] Quigley PJ, Leedale AH: Tumors involving bone in the domestic [4] Brown RJ, Trevethan WP, Henry VL: Multiple osteochondroma in a cat: A review of 58 cases. Vet Pathol. 1983; 20: 670–686 Siamese cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972; 160: 433–435 [29] Ranade SA, Pacchiana PD: What is your diagnosis? Osteochondro- [5] Carpenter JL, Andrews LK, Holzworth J: Tumors and tumor-like matosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2011; 238: 1243–1244 lesions. In: Holzworth J (Hrsg.): Diseases of the cat. Medicine and [30] Rossetti E, Bertolini G, Zotti A: Multilobular tumour of bone of the Surgery. Saunders Co, Philadelphia 1987 thoracic wall in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: 254–257 [6] Cook JL, Turk JR, Tomlinson JL et al.: Fibrosarcoma in the distal [31] Szentimrey DC, Withrow SJ, Powers BE et al.: Osteomas of the radius and carpus of a four-year-old Persian. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. skull: A retrospective study of nine dogs and two cats (1985–1995). 1998; 34: 31–33 Proc 15th Ann Conf Vet Cancer Soc., 1995 [7] Dimopoulou M, Kirpensteijn J, Moens H et al.: Histologic prog- [32] Thompson GK, Pool RR: Tumors of bones. In: Tumors in domestic nosticators in feline osteosarcoma: a comparison with phenotypi- animals. Meuten DJ (Hrsg.): 4. Aufl. Iowa State Press, Ames, 2002; cally similar canine osteosarcoma. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 466–471 245–317 [8] Durham AC, Popovitch CA, Goldschmidt MH: Feline chondrosar- [33] Tischer SA: Ulnar fibrosarcoma in a cat. Mod Vet Pract. 1986; 67: coma: a retrospective study of 67 cats (1987–2005). J Am Anim 39 Hosp Assoc. 2008; 44: 124–130 [34] Turrel JM, Pool RR: Primary bone tumors in the cat. Vet Radiol. [9] Fry PD, Jukes HF: Fracture associated sarcoma in the cat. J Small 1982; 23: 152–166 Anim Pract. 1995; 36: 124–126 [10] Gradner G, Weissenböck H, Kneissl S et al.: Use of latissimus dorsi and abdominal external oblique muscle for reconstruction of a thoracic wall defect in a cat with feline osteochondromatosis. J 27 Tumoren der Zehen Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 88–94 [1] Aronson MG, Carpenter JL: Distal extremity melanocytic nevi and [11] Griffith JW, Dubielzig RR, Riser WH et al.: Parosteal osteosarcoma malignant melanomas in dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: – with pulmonary metastases in a cat. Vet Pathol. 1984; 21: 123 125 605–612 [12] Jongeward SJ: Primary bone tumors. Vet Clin North Am [Small [2] Bostock DE: Prognosis after surgical excision of canine melanomas. – Anim Pract]. 1985; 15: 609 641 Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 32–40 [13] Heldmann E, Anderson MA, Wagner-Mann C: Feline osteosar- [3] Brewer WG, Mitley E, Ogilvie GK et al.: Canine digital tumors: ret- – coma: 145 cases (1990 1995). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: rospective review of 63 cases (1980–1990). Vet Cancer Soc News- – 518 521 let. 1993; 17: 7

[4] Brodzki A, Lopuszyhski W, Komsta R et al.: Die Beurteilung der [27] Popovich CA, Weinstein MJ, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Chondrosar- Ergebnisse in der Therapie und Analyse des Therapieverlaufs von coma: a retrospective study of 97 dogs. (1987–1990). J Am Anim malignen Tumoren der Zehen beim Hund. Tierärztl Umschau. 2004; Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 81–85 59: 594–596, 599–600 [28] Schmidt BR, Glickman NW, DeNicola DB et al.: Evaluation of pir- [5] Carpenter JL, Dayal Y, King NW et al.: Distinctive unclassified oxicam for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. J mesenchymal tumor of the digit of dogs. Vet Pathol. 1991; 28: Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1783–1786 296–402 [29] Schultheiss PC: Histologic features and clinical outcomes of mela- [6] Esson D, Fahrer CS, Zarfoss MK et al.: Suspected uveal metastasis nomas of lip, haired skin, and nail bed locations of dogs. J Vet Diagn of a nail bed melanoma in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2007; 10: 262– Invest. 2006; 18: 422–425 266 [30] Scott DW, Miller WH: Disorders of the claw and clawbed in dogs. [7] Frank H, Kirchhof N, Biesenbach W et al.: Intraossäre Epidermoid- Comp Cont Educ Small Anim Pract. 1992; 14: 1448–1458 zysten des Zehenendgliedes beim Hund. Berl Münch Tierärztl [31] Spangler WL, Kass PH: The histologic and epidemiologic bases for Wschr. 1995; 108: 73–76 prognostic considerations in canine melanocytic neoplasia. Vet [8] Frese K, Frank H, Eskens U: Plattenepithelkarzinome der Zehen Pathol. 2006; 43: 136–149 – beim Hund. Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr. 1983; 90: 359 363 [32] Strande A: Plattecellekarsinom i taerne hos hund et klinisk bilde. Literaturverzeichnis [9] Frese K: Verlaufsuntersuchungen bei Melanomen der Haut und (Squamous cell carcinoma of the digit in the dog – clinical findings Mundschleimhaut des Hundes. Vet Pathol. 1978; 15: 461–473 in 34 dogs.) Norsks Veterinaertidsskrift. 1987; 99: 11–14 [10] Frese K, Eskens U: Klassifikation und biologisches Verhalten der [33] Wobeser BK, Kidney BA, Powers BE et al.: Diagnoses and clinical Haut- und Mammatumoren von Hund und Katze. Prakt Tierarzt. outcomes associated with surgically amputated canine digits sub- 1989; 9: 69–84 mitted to multiple veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Vet Pathol. [11] Gamblin RM, Straw RC, Powers E et al.: Primary osteosarcoma 2007; 44: 355–361 distal to the antebrachiocarpal and tarsocrural joints in nine dogs (1980–1992). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 86–91 [12] Guerin SR, Jones BR, Alley MR et al.: Multiple digital tumours in a 28 Tumoren endokriner Organe Rottweiler. J Small Anim Pract. 1998; 39: 200–202 [13] Henry CJ, Brewer WG, Whitley EM et al.: Canine digital tumors: a 28.1 Tumoren der Hypophyse veterinary cooperative oncology group retrospective study of 64 [1] Abraham LA, Helmond SE, Mitten RW et al.: Treatment of an – dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 720 724 acromegalic cat with the dopamine agonist L-deprenyl. Aust Vet J. [14] Hieber E: Sekundär – intraokulare (metastatische) Tumoren der 2002; 80: 479–483 Uvea. Diss med vet, LMU München, 2004 [2] Abrams-Ogg ACG, Holmberg DL, Stewart WA et al.: Acromegaly [15] Himsel CA, Richardson RC, Craig JA: Cisplatin chemotherapy for in a cat: Diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging and treatment metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med by cryohypophysectomy. Can Vet J. 1993; 34: 682–685 – Assoc. 1986; 189: 1575 1578 [3] Barker EN, Campbell S, Tebb AJ et al.: A comparison of the survi- [16] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Plattenepithelkarzinome bei Hunden val times of dogs treated with mitotane or trilostane for pituitary- und Katzen – Prävalenz, Rasseprädispositionen und Primärlokalisa- dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 810– tionen. Proc. 22. Jahrestagung DVG, Bad Nauheim 1997; 398–404 815 [17] Kessler M, Tassani-Prell M, von Bomhard D et al.: Das Osteosar- [4] Behrend EN, Kemppainen RJ, Boozer AL et al.: Serum 17-alpha- kom der Katze – Epidemiologische, klinische und röntgenologische hydroxyprogesterone and corticosterone concentrations in dogs Befunde bei 78 Tieren (1990–1995). Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 275– with nonadrenal neoplasia and dogs with suspected hyperadreno- 283 corticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 1762–1767 [18] Kessler M, Kühnel S, Schöpper I: Plattenpithelkarzinome und [5] Benitah N, Feldman EC, Kass PH et al.: Evaluation of serum 17- maligne Melanome im Bereich des Nagelbetts beim Hund – Klini- hydroxyprogesterone concentration after administration of ACTH in sche Befunde bei 45 Fällen. unveröffentlicht, 2012 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: [19] Lettow E, Middel-Erdmann I, Keil S: Erkrankungen des Zehen- 1095–1101 endgliedes beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 1988; 33: 345–352 [6] Berg RI, Nelson RW, Feldman EC et al.: Serum insulin-like growth [20] Liptak JM, Dernell WS, Rizzo SA et al.: Partial foot amputation in factor-I concentration in cats with diabetes mellitus and acrome- 11 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 47–55 galy. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 892–898 [21] Luna LD, Higginbotham ML, Henry CJ et al.: Feline non-ocular [7] Bertolini G, Furlanello T, Drigo M et al.: Computed tomographic melanoma: a retrospective study of 23 cases (1991–1999). J Feline adrenal gland quantification in canine adrenocorticotroph hor- Med Surg. 2000; 2: 173–181 mone-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. – [22] Madewell BR, Pool RR, Theilen GH et al.: Multiple subungual 2008; 49: 449 53 squamous cell carcinomas in five dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; [8] Bertoy EH, Feldman EC, Nelson RW et al.: Magnetic resonance 180: 731–734 imaging of the brain in dogs with recently diagnosed but untreated [23] Marino DJ, Matthieson DT, Stefanacci JD et al.: Evaluation of dogs pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. – with digit masses: 117 cases (1981–1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 651 656 1995; 207: 726–728 [9] Bilzer T: Hypophysentumoren als gemeinsame Ursache von Morbus [24] OʼBrien MG, Berg J, Engler SJ: Treatment by digital amputation of Cushing und Diabetes insipidus des Hundes. Tierärztl Prax. 1991; – subungual squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. 21 cases (1987– 19: 276 281 1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 759–761 [10] Blois SL, Holmberg DL: Cryohypophysectomy used in the treat- [25] OʼRourke M: Multiple digital squamous cell carcinomas in 2 dogs. ment of a case of feline acromegaly. J Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: – Med Vet Pract. 1985; 66: 644–645 596 600 [26] Paradis M, Scott DW, Breton L: Squamous cell carcinoma of the [11] Bosje JT, Rijnberk A, Mol JA et al.: Plasma concentrations of ACTH nail bed in three related giant schnauzers. Vet Rec. 1989; 125: 322– precursors correlate with pituitary size and restistance to dexame- 324 thasone in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2002; 22: 201–210

[12] Boujon CE, Ritz U, Rossi GL et al.: A clinico-pathological study of [31] Gould SM, Baines EA, Mannion PA et al.: Use of endogenous canine Cushing’s disease caused by a pituitary carcinoma. J Comp ACTH concentration and adrenal ultrasonography to distinguish the Pathol. 1991; 105: 353–365 cause of canine hyperadrenocorticism. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; [13] Braddock JA, Church DB, Robertson ID et al.: Trilostane treatment 42: 113–121 in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Aust Vet J. [32] Greco DS, Peterson ME, Davidson AP et al.: Concurrent pituitary 2003; 81: 600–607 and adrenal tumors in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism: 17 cases [14] Brearley MJ, Polton GA, Littler RM et al.: Coarse fractionated (1978–1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 1349–1353 radiation therapy for pituitary tumours in cats: a retrospective study [33] Gunn-More D: Feline Endocrinopathies. In: Richards JR (Hrsg.): The of 12 cases. Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 209–217 Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice. Vol 35. [15] Burkhardt WA, Guscetti F, Boretti FS et al.: Adrenocorticotropic Number 1. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2005: 171–210 hormone, but not trilostane, causes severe adrenal hemorrhage, [34] Hanson JM, van’t Hoofd MM, Voorhout G et al.: Efficacy of trans- vacuolization, and apoptosis in rats. Domest Anim Endocrinol. sphenoidal hypophysectomy in treatment of dogs with pituitary- 2011; 40: 155–64 dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 687– [16] Chapman PS, Mooney CT, Ede J et al.: Evaluation of the basal and 694 post-adrenocorticotrophic hormone serum concentrations of 17- [35] Hanson JM, Teske E, Voorhout G et al.: Prognostic factors for out- hydroxyprogesterone for the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism in come after transsphenoidal hypophysectomy in dogs with pituitary- dogs. Vet Rec. 2003; 153: 771–775 dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Neurosurg. 2007; 107: 830– [17] Chapman PS, Kelly DF, Archer J et al.: Adrenal necrosis in a dog 840 receiving trilostane for the treatment of hyperadrenocorticism. J [36] Hurty CA, Flatland B: Feline acromegaly: a review of the syndrome. Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 307–310 J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 292–297 [18] De Fornel P, Delisle F, Devauchelle P et al.: Effects of radiotherapy [37] Kaser-Hotz B, Rohrer CR, Stankeova S et al.: Radiotherapy of on pituitary corticotroph macrotumors in dogs: a retrospective pituitary tumours in five cats. J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 303– study of 12 cases. Can Vet J. 2007; 48: 481–486 307 [19] Den Hertog E, Braakman JC, Teske E et al.: Results of non-selec- [38] Kent MS, Bommarito D, Feldman E et al.: Survival, neurologic res- tive adrenocorticolysis by o,p’-DDD in 129 dogs with pituitary- ponse, and prognostic factors in dogs with pituitary masses treated dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Rec. 1999; 144: 12–17 with radiation therapy and untreated dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; [20] Duesberg CA, Nelson RW, Feldman EC et al.: Adrenalectomy for 21: 1027–33 treatment of hyperadrenocorticism in cats: 10 cases (1988–1992). J [39] Kintzer PP, Peterson ME: Mitotane (o,p’-DDD) treatment of 200 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 1066–1070 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern [21] Duesberg C, Peterson ME: Adrenal disorders in cats. In: Kintzer PP Med. 1991; 5: 182–190 (Hrsg.): The Veterinary Clinics of North America, Small Animal Prac- [40] Kipperman BS, Feldman EC, Dybdal NO et al.: Pituitary tumor tice, Adrenal Disorders. Vol. 27. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1997: 321– size, neurologic signs, and relation to endocrine test results in dogs 347 with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism: 43 cases (1980– [22] Feldman EC, Nelson RW, Feldman MS: Use of low- and high-dose 1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 762–767 dexamethasone tests for distinguishing pituitary-dependent from [41] Kooistra HS, Voorhout G, Mol JA et al.: Correlation between adrenal tumor hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. impairment of glucocorticoid feedback and the size of the pituitary 1996; 209: 772–775 gland in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J [23] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Disorders of Growth Hormone. In: Feld- Endocrinol. 1997; 152: 387–394 man EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Endocrinology and [42] Lichtensteiger CA, Wortman JA, Eigenmann JE: Functional pitui- Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2004: 45–84 tary acidophil adenoma in a cat with diabetes mellitus and acrome- [24] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Canine hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s galic features. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 518–521 Syndrome). In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline [43] Littler RM, Polton GA, Brearley MJ: Resolution of diabetes mellitus Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saun- but not acromegaly in a cat with a pituitary macroadenoma treated ders; 2004: 252–357 with hypofractionated radiation. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 47: 392– [25] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Hyperadrenocorticism in cats (Cushing’s 395 Syndrome). In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline [44] Lopes MB, Scheithauer BW, Schiff D: Pituitary carcinoma. Endo- Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saun- crine. 2005; 28: 115–121 ders; 2004: 358–393 [45] Mayer MN, Greco DS, LaRue SM: Outcomes of pituitary tumor irra- [26] Fracassi F, Mandrioli L, Diana A et al.: Pituitary macroadenoma in diation in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1151–1154 a cat with diabetes mellitus, hypercortisolism and neurological [46] Mayer-Stankeova S, Rohrer Bley C, Wergin M et al.: Efficacy of signs. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2007; 54: 359–363 radiotherapy in 13 dogs treated for pituitary tumors. Tierärztl Prax. [27] Galac S, Kooistra HS, Voorhout G et al.: Hyperadrenocorticism in 2004; 32: 232–237 a dog due to ectopic secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone. [47] Meij BP, Voorhout G, Van den Ingh TS et al.: Transsphenoidal Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2005; 28: 338–48 hypophysectomy in beagle dogs: evaluation of a microsurgical tech- [28] Galac S, Kars VJ, Voorhout G et al.: ACTH-independent hyperadre- nique. Vet Surg. 1997; 26: 295–309 nocorticism due to food-dependent hypercortisolemia in a dog: a [48] Meij BP, Voorhout G, van den Ingh TS et al.: Results of transsphe- case report. Vet J. 2008; 177: 141–3 noidal hypophysectomy in 52 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyper- [29] Goossens MMC, Meyer HP, Voorhout G et al.: Urinary excretion of adrenocorticism. Vet Surg. 1998; 27: 246–261 glucocorticoids in the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism in cats. [49] Meij BP, Voorhout G, van den Ingh TS et al.: Transsphenoidal Domest Anim Endocrinol. 1995; 12: 355–362 hypophysectomy for treatment of pituitary-dependent hyperadre- [30] Goossens MMC, Feldman EC, Nelson RW et al.: Cobalt 60 irradia- nocorticism in 7 cats. Vet Surg. 2001; 30: 72–86 tion of pituitary gland tumors in three cats with acromegaly. J Am [50] Meij BP, Voorhout G, Rijnberk A: Progress in transsphenoidal Vet Med Assoc. 1998; 213: 374–376 hypophysectomy for treatment of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in dogs and cats. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2002; 197: 89– 96

[51] Meij BP, van der Vlugt-Meijer RH, van den Ingh T et al.: Somato- [71] Rees DA, Hanna FW, Davies JS et al.: Long-term follow-up results troph and corticotroph pituitary adenoma (double adenoma) in a of transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing’s disease in a single centre cat with diabetes mellitus and hyperadrenocorticism. J Comp. using strict criteria for remission. Clin Endocrinol. 2002; 56: 541– Pathol. 2004; 130: 209–215 551 [52] Meij BP, Auriemma E, Grinwis G et al.: Successful treatment of [72] Reusch C, Glaus T, Wess G et al.: Klinische, labordiagnostische und acromegaly in a diabetic cat with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. spezielle endokrinologische Untersuchungen bei Hunden mit hypo- J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 406–10 physärem Cushing-Syndrom: ein Vergleich zwischen Hunden mit [53] Meij BP, Kooistra HS, Rijnberk A: Hypothalamus-pituitary system. Makro- und solchen mit Mikrotumoren. Kleintierprax. 2001; 46: In: Rijnberk A, Kooistra HS (Hrsg.): Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs 261–270 and Cats. 2nd ed. Hannover: Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft; [73] Reusch C, Stankeova S, Geissbühler U et al.: Zusammenhang zwi- 2010: 13–54 schen computertomographisch ermittelter Hypophysengrösse und [54] Middleton DJ, Culvenor JA, Vasak E et al.: Growth hormone-pro- dem Auftreten neurologischer Symptome bei Hunden mit Cushing- ducing pituitary adenoma, elevated serum somatomedin c con- Syndrom. Kleintierprax. 2001; 46: 133–139 centration and diabetes mellitus in a cat. Can Vet J. 1985; 26: 169– [74] Reusch CE: Hyperadrenocorticism. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC 171 (Hrsg.): Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 6. Aufl. St. Louis Literaturverzeichnis [55] Morrison SA, Randolph J, Lothrop CD: Hypersomatotropism and Missouri: Elsevier; 2005: 1592–1612 insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [75] Reusch CE, Rijnberk A: Krankheiten der endokrinen Organe. In: 1989; 194: 91–94 Horzinek MC, Schmidt V, Lutz H (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Katze. 4. [56] Neiger R, Ramsey I, O’Connor J et al.: Trilostane treatment of 78 Aufl. Stuttgart: Enke Verlag; 2005: 555–574 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Vet Rec. [76] Reusch CE, Kley S, Casella M et al.: Measurements of growth hor- 2002; 150: 799–804 mone and insulin-like growth factor 1 in cats with diabetes mellitus. [57] Neiger R, Witt AL, Noble A et al.: Trilostane therapy for treatment Vet Rec. 2006; 158: 195–200 of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in 5 cats. J Vet Intern [77] Reusch CE, Sieber-Ruckstuhl N, Wenger M et al.: Histological eva- Med. 2004; 18: 160–164 luation of the adrenal glands of seven dogs with hyperadrenocorti- [58] Nelson RW, Feldman EC, Smith MC: Hyperadrenocorticism in cism treated with trilostane. Vet Rec. 2007; 160: 219–224 cats: seven cases (1978–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: [78] Rijnberk A, Belshaw BE: An alternative protocol for the medical 245–250 management of canine pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. [59] Nelson RW, Ihle SL, Feldman EC: Pituitary macroadenomas and Vet Rec. 1988; 122: 486–488 macrocarcinomas in dogs treated with mitotane for pituitary- [79] Ristic JM, Ramsey IK, Heath EM: The use of 17-hydroxyprogeste- dependent hyperadrenocorticism: 13 cases (1981–1986). J Am Vet rone in the diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 1612–1617 Med. 2002; 16: 433–439 [60] Niessen SJ, Khalid M, Petrie G et al.: Validation and application of [80] Ruckstuhl NS, Nett CS, Reusch CE: Results of clinical examinations, a radioimmunoassay for ovine growth hormone in the diagnosis of laboratory tests, and ultrasonography in dogs with pituitary-depen- acromegaly in cats. Vet Rec. 2007; 160: 902–907 dent hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane. Am J Vet Res. [61] Niessen SJ, Petrie G, Gaudiano F et al.: Feline acromegaly: an 2002; 63: 506–512 underdiagnosed endocrinopathy? J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 899– [81] Sarfaty D, Carrillo JM, Peterson ME: Neurologic, endocrinologic, 905 and pathologic findings associated with large pituitary tumors in [62] Norman EJ, Mooney CT: Diagnosis and management of diabetes dogs: eight cases (1976–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: mellitus in five cats with somatotrophic abnormalities. J Feline Med 854–856 Surg. 2000; 1: 183–190 [82] Sato J, Sato R, Kinai M et al.: Pituitary chromophobe carcinoma [63] Nothelfer B, Weinhold K: Formale Pathogenese, Durchschnitts- with a low level of serum gonadotropin and an aspermatogenesis in alter und Rasseverteilung im Vergleich 61 Lysodren-behandelter a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2001; 63: 183–185 und 36 unbehandelter Fälle von caninem Hyperadrenokortizismus, [83] Skelly BJ, Petrus D, Nicholls PK: Use of trilostane for the treatment die in den Jahren 1975 bis 1991 am Institut für Veterinär-Pathologie of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in a cat. Small Anim der Freien Universität Berlin seziert wurden. Berl Münch Tierärztl Pract. 2003; 44: 269–272 Wschr. 1992; 105: 305–311 [84] Schechter RD, Stabenfeldt GH, Gribble DH et al.: Treatment of [64] Pernicone PJ, Scheithauer BW, Sebo TJ et al.: Pituitary carcinoma: Cushing’s syndrome in the dog with adrenocorticolytic agent (o,p’- a clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Cancer. 1997; 79: 804–812 DDD). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973; 162: 629–639 [65] Peterson ME, Krieger DT, Drucker WD et al.: Immunocytochemi- [85] Sieber-Ruckstuhl NS, Boretti FS, Wenger M et al.: Cortisol, aldos- cal study of the hypophysis in 25 dogs with pituitary-dependent terone, cortisol precursor, androgen and endogenous ACTH con- hyperadrenocorticism. Acta Endocrinol. 1982; 101: 15–24 centrations in dogs with pituitary-dependant hyperadrenocorticism [66] Peterson ME: Hyperadrenocorticism. In: Peterson ME (Hrsg.): The treated with trilostane. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2006; 31: 63–75 Veterinary Clinics of North America, Small Animal Practice, Endocri- [86] Sieber-Ruckstuhl NS, Boretti FS, Wenger M et al.: Evaluation of nology. Vol. 14. Phildadelphia: Saunders; 1984: 731–749 different cortisol precursors for the diagnosis of pituitary-depen- [67] Peterson ME, Taylor RS, Greco DS et al.: Acromegaly in 14 cats. J dent hypercortisolism in dogs. Vet Rec. 2008; 162: 673–678 Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 192–201 [87] Spada E, Proverbio D, Giudice C et al.: Pituitary-dependent hyper- [68] Peterson ME: Acromegaly in cats: are we only diagnosing the tip of adrenocorticism and generalised toxoplasmosis in a cat with neuro- the iceberg? J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 889–891 logical signs. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 654–658 [69] Pollard RE, Reilly CM, Uerling MR et al.: Cross-sectional imaging [88] Starkey SR, Tan K, Church DB: Investigation of serum IGF-I levels characteristics of pituitary adenomas, invasive adenomas and ade- amongst diabetic and non-diabetic cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2004; 6: nocarcinomas in dogs: 33 cases (1988–2006). J Vet Intern Med. 149–155 2010; 24: 160–165 [89] Théon AP, Feldman EC: Megavoltage irradiation of pituitary macro- [70] Potts GO, Creange JE, Hardomg HR et al.: Trilostane, an orally tumors in dogs with neurologic signs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1998; active inhibitor of steroid biosynthesis. Steroids. 1978; 32: 257–267 213: 225–231

[90] Van der Vlugt-Meijer RH, Meij BP, van den Ingh T et al.: Dynamic [17] DeClue AE, Breshears LA, Pardo ID et al.: Hyperaldosteronism and computed tomography of the pituitary gland in dogs with pituitary- hyperprogesteronism in a cat with an adrenal cortical carcinoma. J dependent hyperadrenocorticism. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 773– Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 355–358 780 [18] DeLellis RA, Lloyd RV, Heitz PU et al. (Hrsg.): Pathology and gene- [91] Van Vonderen IK, Kooistra HS, Rijnberk A: Influence of veterinary tics of tumours of endocrine organs. Lyon, France: IARC Press; care on the urinary corticoid:creatinine ratio in dogs. J Vet Intern 2004. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours Med. 1998; 12: 431–435 [19] Djajadiningrat-Laanen SC, Galac S, Cammelbeeck SE et al.: Uri- [92] Watson PJ, Herrtage ME: Hyperadrenocorticism in six cats. J Small nary aldosterone to creatinine ratio in cats before and after sup- Anim Pract. 1998; 39: 175-184 pression with salt or fludrocortisone acetate. J Vet Intern Med. [93] Wood FD, Pollard RE, Uerling MR et al.: Diagnostic imaging fin- 2008; 22: 1283–1288 dings and endocrine test results in dogs with pituitary-dependent [20] Eastwood JM, Elwood CM, Hurley KJ: Trilostane treatment of a hyperadrenocorticism that did or did not have neurologic abnorma- dog with functional adrenocortical neoplasia. J Small Anim Pract. lities: 157 cases (1989–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 231: 2003; 44: 126–131 1081–1085 [21] Eger C, Robinson WF, Huxtable CR: Primary aldosteronism (Conn’s syndrome) in a cat; a case report and review of comparative 28.2 Tumoren der Nebennieren aspects. J Small Anim Pract. 1983; 24: 293–307 [22] Emms SG, Johnston DE, Eigenmann JE et al.: Adrenalectomy in [1] Anderson CR, Birchard SJ, Powers BE et al.: Surgical treatment of the management of canine hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Anim Hosp adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990–1996). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1987; 23: 557–564 Assoc. 2001; 37: 93–97 [23] Evans K, Hosgood G, Boon D et al.: Hemoperitoneum secondary [2] Ash RA, Harvey AM, Tasker S: Primary hyperaldosteronism in the to traumatic rupture of an adrenal tumor in a dog. J Am Vet Med cat: a series of 13 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2005; 7: 173–182 Assoc. 1991; 198: 278–280 [3] Bailey DB, Page RL: Tumors of the endocrine system. In: Withrow [24] Feldman EC, Nelson RW, Feldman MS: Use of low and high-dose SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Withrow & MacEwen’s Small Animal Clinical dexamethasone tests for distinguishing pituitary-dependent from Oncology. 4 Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2007: 583–609 adrenal tumor hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [4] Barthez PY, Marks SL, Woo J et al.: Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 1996; 209: 772–775 61 cases (1984–1995). J Vet Intern Med. 1997; 11: 272–278 [25] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Canine hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s [5] Benchekroun G, de Fornel-Thibaud P, Rodríguez Piñeiro MI et Syndrome). In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline al.: Ultrasonography criteria for differentiating ACTH dependency Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saun- from ACTH independency in 47 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism ders; 2004: 252–357 and equivocal adrenal asymmetry. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: [26] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Hyperadrenocorticism in cats (Cushing’s 1077–1085 Syndrome). In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline [6] Berry CR, Wright KN, Breitschwerdt EB et al.: Use of iodine meta- Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saun- iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy for the diagnosis of a pheochro- ders; 2004: 358–393 mocytoma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1993; 34: 52–55 [27] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Pheochromocytoma and multiple endo- [7] Berry CR, DeGrado TR, Nutter F et al.: Imaging of pheochromocy- crine neoplasia. In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and toma in 2 dogs using p-[18F]fluorobenzylguanidine. Vet Radiol Ult- Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: – rasound. 2002; 43: 183 186 Saunders; 2004: 440–463 [8] Besso JG, Penninck, DG, Gliatto JM: Retrospective ultrasonogra- [28] Flood SM, Randolph JF, Gelzer ARM et al.: Primary hyperaldoste- phic evaluation of adrenal lesions in 26 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. ronism in two cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1999; 35: 411–416 1997; 38. 448–455 [29] Ford SL, Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Hyperadrenocorticism caused [9] Boag AK, Neiger R, Church DB: Trilostane treatment of bilateral by bilateral adrenocortical neoplasia in dogs: four cases (1983– adrenal enlargement and excessive sex steroid hormone production 1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 202: 789–792 in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 263–266 [30] Galac S, Kooistra HS, Teske E et al.: Urinary corticoid/creatinine [10] Boord M, Griffin C: Progesterone secreting adrenal mass in a cat ratios in the differentiation between pituitary-dependent hyper- with clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. adrenocorticism and hyperadrenocorticism due to adrenocortical – 1999; 214: 666 669 tumour in the dog. Vet Q. 1997; 19: 17–20 [11] Bouayad H, Feeney DA, Caywood DD et al.: Pheochromocytoma [31] Galac S, Kool MMJ, Naan EC et al.: Expression of the ACTH recep- – in dogs: 13 cases (1980 1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 191: tor, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and steroidogenic enzy- – 1610 1615 mes in canine cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumors. Domest [12] Breitschwerdt EB, Meuten DJ, Greenfield CL et al.: Idiopathic Anim Endocrinol. 2010; 39: 259–267 – hyperaldosteronism in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 187: 841 [32] Galac S, Reusch CE, Kooistra HS et al.: Adrenals. In: Rijnberk A, 5 Kooistra HS (Hrsg.): Clinical Endocrinology of Dogs and Cats. Han- [13] Briscoe K, Barrs VR, Foster DF et al.: Hyperaldosteronism and nover: Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft; 2010, 93–154 – hyperprogesteronism in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 758 [33] Gilson SD, Withrow SJ, Orton EC: Surgical treatment of pheochro- 762 mocytoma: technique, complications, and results in six dogs. Vet [14] Brown AJ, Alwood AJ, Cole SG: Malignant pheochromocytoma Surg. 1994; 23: 195–200 presenting as a bradyarrhythmia in a dog. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. [34] Gilson SD, Withrow SJ, Wheeler SL et al.: Pheochromocytoma in – 2007; 17: 164 169 50 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; 8: 228–232 [15] Chun R, Jakovljevic S, Morrison WB et al.: Apocrine gland adeno- [35] Haldane S, Graves TK, Bateman S et al.: Profound hypokalemia carcinoma and pheochromocytoma in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp causing respiratory failure in a cat with hyperaldosteronism. J Vet – Assoc. 1997; 33: 33 36 Emerg Crit Care. 2007; 17: 202–207 [16] Church DB, Lamb WA, Emslie DR: Plasma cortisol concentrations [36] Henry CJ, Brewer WG, Montgomery RD et al.: Clinical vignette. in normal dogs given hydrocortisone sodium succinate. Aust Vet J. Adrenal pheochromocytoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1993; 7: 199–201 1999; 77: 316–317

[37] Herrera MA, Mehl ML, Kass PH et al.: Predictive factors and the [57] Mayo-Smith WW, Boland GW, Noto RB et al.: From the RSNA effect of phenoxybenzamine on outcome in dogs undergoing adre- refresher courses. State-of-the-art adrenal imaging. RG. 2001; 21: nalectomy for pheochromocytoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 995–1012 1333–1339 [58] Millard RP, Pickens EH, Wells KL: Excessive production of sex hor- [38] Hill KE, Scott-Moncrieff CR, Koshko MA et al.: Secretion of sex mones in a cat with an adrenocortical tumor. J Am Vet Med Assoc. hormones in dogs with adrenal dysfunction. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009; 234: 505–508 2005; 226: 556–561 [59] Moore LE, Biller DS, Smith TA: Use of abdominal ultrasonography [39] Hoerauf A, Reusch C: Darstellung der Nebennieren mittels Ultra- in the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in a cat. J Am Vet schall: Untersuchungen bei gesunden Hunden, Hunden mit nicht- Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 213–215 endokrinen Erkrankungen sowie mit Cushing-Syndrom. Kleintier- [60] Morandi F, Mays JL, Newman SJ et al.: Imaging diagnosis – bilate- prax. 1995; 40: 351–360 ral adrenal adenomas and myelolipomas in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultra- [40] Hoerauf A, Reusch C: Ultrasonographic characteristics of both sound. 2007; 48: 246–249 adrenal glands in 15 dogs with functional adrenocortical tumors. J [61] Myers NC: Adrenal incidentalomas: diagnostic workup of the inci- Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1999; 35: 193–199 dentally discovered adrenal mass. In: Kintzer PP (Hrsg.): The Veteri-

[41] Jaffe MH, Grooters AM, Partington BP et al.: Extensive venous nary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice. Adrenal Disor- Literaturverzeichnis thrombosis and hind-limb edema associated with adrenocortical ders. Vol. 27. Number 2. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1997: 381–400 carcinoma in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1999; 35: 306–310 [62] Nelson RW: Clinical manifestations of canine pheochromocytoma. [42] Javadi S, Djajadiningrat-Laanen SC, Kooistra HS et al.: Primary 24th Annual ACVIM. Louisville, KY; 2006: 451–452 hyperaldosteronism, a mediator of progressive renal disease in cats. [63] Nemanic S, London CA, Wisner ER: Comparison of thoracic radio- Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2005; 28: 85–104 graphs and single breath-hold helical CT for detection of pulmonary [43] Jiménez Peláez M, Bouvy BM, Dupré GP: Laparoscopic adrenal- nodules in dogs with metastatic neoplasia. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; ectomy for treatment of unilateral adrenocortical carcinomas: tech- 20: 508–515 nique, complications, and results in seven dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: [64] Norman EJ, Thompson H, Mooney CT: Dynamic adrenal function 444–453 testing in eight dogs with hyperadrenocorticism associated with [44] Johnson KD, Henry CJ, McCaw DL et al.: Primary hyperaldostero- adrenocortical neoplasia. Vet Rec. 1999; 144: 551–554 nism in a dog with concurrent lymphoma. J Vet Med A Physiol [65] Out G: Pheochromocytoma in dogs: a retrospective study of nine Pathol Clin Med. 2006; 53: 467–470 cases (1981–1987). Can Vet J. 1989; 30: 526–527 [45] Keiser M, Flückiger M, Gardelle O et al.: Mitotane-Behandlung bei [66] Patnaik AK, Erlandson RA, Lieberman PH et al.: Extra-adrenal einem Hund mit einem rezidivierenden Nebennierenrindenkarzi- pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. nom – ein Fallbericht. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1999; 141: 279–285 1990; 197: 104–106 [46] Kintzer PP, Peterson ME: Mitotane treatment of 32 dogs with cor- [67] Penninck DG, Feldman EC, Nyland TG: Radiographic features of tisol-secreting adrenocortical neoplasms. J Am Vet Med Assoc. canine hyperadrenocorticism caused by autonomously functioning 1994; 205: 54–61 adrenocortical tumors: 23 cases (1978–1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [47] Kook PH, Boretti FS, Hersberger M et al.: Urinary catecholamine 1988; 192: 1604–1608 and metanephrine to creatinine ratios in healthy dogs at home and [68] Pradelli D, Quintavalla C, Domenech O et al.: Tumour thrombus. in a hospital environment and in 2 dogs with pheochromocytoma. J Direct endoluminal ‘caudal caval vein – right atrium’ extension in a Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 388–393 dog affected by adrenal neoplasia. Vet Res Commun. 2003; 27: [48] Kook PH, Grest P, Quante S et al.: Urinary catecholamine and 787–789 metadrenaline to creatinine ratios in dogs with a phaeochromocy- [69] Priester WA, McKay FW: The occurrence of tumors in domestic toma. Vet Rec. 2010; 166: 169–174 animals. Natl. Cancer Inst Monogr. 1980; 54: 1–210 [49] Krontveit R, Grondalen J, Teige J: Two cases of adrenal neoplasia [70] Quante S, Sieber-Ruckstuhl N, Wilhelm S et al.: Hyperprogestero- in the dog. EJCAP. 2003; 13: 207–212 nismus due to bilateral adrenal carcinomas in a cat with diabetes [50] Kyles AE, Feldman EC, De Cock HEV et al.: Surgical management mellitus. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2009; 151: 437–442 of adrenal gland tumors with and without associated tumor [71] Quante S, Boretti FS, Kook PH et al.: Urinary catecholamine and thrombi in dogs: 40 cases (1994–2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; metanephrine to creatinine ratios in dogs with hyperadrenocorti- 223: 654–662 cism or pheochromocytoma, and in healthy dogs. J Vet Intern Med. [51] Labelle P, Kyles AE, Farver TB et al.: Indicators of malignancy of 2010; 24: 1093–1097 canine adrenocortical tumors: histopathology and proliferation [72] Reine NJ, Hohenhaus AE, Peterson ME et al.: Deoxycorticoste- index. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 490–497 rone-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. [52] Lacroix A, Clavier A: The adrenal cortex: basic concepts and diag- 1999; 13: 386–390 nostic procedures. In: Pinchera A (Hrsg.): Endocrinology and Meta- [73] Reisch N, Walz MK, Erlic Z et al.: Das Phäochromozytom – noch bolism. London: McGraw-Hill International (UK) Ltd.; 2001: 285– immer eine Herausforderung. Internist. 2009; 50: 27–35 296 [74] Renschler JS, Dean GA: What is your diagnosis? Abdominal mass [53] Lenders JWM, Pacak K, Walther McCM et al.: Biochemical diag- aspirate in a cat with an increased Na:K ratio. Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; nosis of pheochromocytoma. Which test is best? J Am Med Assoc. 38: 69–72 2002; 287: 1427–1434 [75] Reusch CE, Feldman EC: Canine hyperadrenocorticism due to adre- [54] Llabres-Diaz FJ, Dennis R: Magnetic resonance imaging of the pre- nocortical neoplasia. J Vet Intern Med. 1991; 5: 3–10 sumed normal canine adrenal glands. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; [76] Reusch C, Glaus T, Wess G et al.: Klinische, labordiagnostische und 44: 5–19 spezielle endokrinologische Untersuchungen bei Hunden mit hypo- [55] Louvet A, Lazard P, Denis B: Phaeochromocytoma treated by en physärem Cushing-Syndrom: ein Vergleich zwischen Hunden mit bloc resection including the suprarenal caudal vena cava in a dog. J Makro- und solchen mit Mikrotumoren. Kleintierpraxis. 2001; 46: Small Anim Pract. 2005; 46: 591–596 261–270 [56] MacKay AD, Holt PE, Sparkes AH: Successful surgical treatment of [77] Reusch CE: Hyperadrenocorticism. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC a cat with primary aldosteronism. J Feline Med Surg. 1999; 1: 117– (Hrsg.): Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 6. Aufl. St. Louis 122 Missouri: Elsevier; 2005: 1592–1612

[78] Reusch CE, Schellenberg S, Wenger M: Endocrine hypertension in [98] Van Sluijs FJ, Sjollema BE, Voorhout G et al.: Results of adrenalec- small animals. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2010; 40: 335– tomy in 36 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism caused by adreno-cor- 352 tical tumour. Vet Q. 1995; 17: 113–116 [79] Rijnberk A, Belshaw BE: An alternative protocol for the medical [99] Van Vonderen IK, Kooistra HS, Rijnberk A: Influence of veterinary management of canine pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. care on the urinary corticoid:creatinine ratio in dogs. J Vet Intern Vet Rec. 1988; 122: 486–488 Med. 1998; 12: 431–435 [80] Rijnberk A, Voorhout G, Kooistra HS et al.: Hyperaldosteronism in [100] Von Dehn BJ, Nelson RW, Feldman EC et al.: Pheochromocytoma a cat with metastasised adrenocortical tumour. Vet Q. 2001; 23: and hyperadrenocorticism in dogs: six cases (1982–1992). J Am Vet 38–43 Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 322–324 [81] Rijnberk A, Kooistra HS, van Vonderen IK et al.: Aldosteronoma [101] Voorhout G: X-ray-computed tomography, nephrotomography, in a dog with polyuria as the leading symptom. Domest Anim Endo- and ultrasonography of the adrenal glands of healthy dogs. Am J crinol. 2001; 20: 227–240 Vet Res. 1990; 51: 625–631 [82] Rodríguez Piñeiro MI, Benchekroun G, de Fornel-Thibaud P et [102] Voorhout G, Stolp R, Rijnberk A et al.: Assessment of survey al.: Accuracy of an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) immuno- radiography and comparison with x-ray computed tomography for luminometric assay for differentiating ACTH-dependent from detection of hyperfunctioning adrenocortical tumors in dogs. J Am ACTH-independent hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 196: 1799–1803 2009; 23: 850–855 [103] Whittemore JC, Preston CA, Kyles AE et al.: Nontraumatic rupture [83] Rose SA, Kyles AE, Labelle P et al.: Adrenalectomy and caval of an adrenal gland tumor causing intra-abdominal or retroperito- thrombectomy in a cat with primary hyperaldosteronism. J Am neal hemorrhage in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: Anim Hosp Assoc. 2007; 43: 209–214 329–333 [84] Rosenstein DS: Diagnostic imaging in canine pheochromocytoma. [104] Williams JE, Hackner SG: Pheochromocytoma presenting as acute Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 499–506 retroperitoneal hemorrhage in a dog. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2001; [85] Rossi GP, Sechi LA, Giacchetti G et al.: Primary aldosteronism: car- 11: 221–227 diovascular, renal and metabolic implications. Trends Endocrinol [105] Wimpole JA, Adagra CFM, Billson MF et al.: Plasma free meta- Metab. 2008; 19: 88–90 nephrines in healthy cats, cats with non-adrenal disease and a cat [86] Rossmeisl JH, Scott-Moncrieff JCR, Siems J et al.: Hyperadreno- with suspected phaeochromocytoma. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: corticism and hyperprogesteronemia in a cat with an adrenocortical 435–440 adenocarcinoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 512–517 [106] Zeugswetter FK, Pagitz M, Hittmair K et al.: Klinische Anwen- [87] Santamarina G, Espino L, Vila M et al.: Aortic thromboembolism dung einer chemiluminometrischen ACTH-Bestimmung beim cani- and retroperitoneal hemorrhage associated with a pheochromocy- nen Hyperadrenokortizismus. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2011; 153: toma in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2003; 17: 917–922 111–116 [88] Scavelli TD, Peterson ME, Matthiesen DT: Results of surgical treatment for hyperadrenocorticism caused by adrenocortical neoplasia 28.3 Tumoren der Schilddrüse und Nebenschilddrüse in the dog: 25 cases (1980–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 189: [1] Atkinson M: Lymphadenomegaly associated with carbimazole. J 1360–1364 Small Anim Pract. 2008; 49: 426 [89] Schirpenbach C, Reincke M: Screening for primary aldosteronism. [2] Aupperle H, Gliesche K, Schoon H-A: Schilddrüsentumoren beim Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 20: 369–384 Hund – eine regionale Besonderheit im Raum Leipzig. Dtsch Tier- [90] Schoeman JP, Stidworthy MF: Budd-Chiari-like syndrome associa- ärztl Wschr. 2003; 110: 154–157 ted with an adrenal phaeochromocytoma in a dog. J Small Anim [3] Barber LG: Thyroid tumors in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Pract. 2001; 42: 191–194 Small Anim Pract. 2007; 37: 755–773, vii [91] Schulman RL: Feline primary hyperaldosteronism. Vet Clin North [4] Berger B, Feldman EC: Primary hyperparathyreoidism in dogs: 21 Am Small Anim Pract. 2010; 40: 353–359 cases (1976—1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 191: 350–356 [92] Schultz RM, Wisner ER, Johnson EG et al.: Contrast-enhanced [5] Bertazzolo W, Giudice C, DellʼOrco M et al.: Paratracheal cervical computed tomography as a preoperative indicator of vascular inva- mass in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2003; 32: 209–222 sion from adrenal masses in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2009; 50: 625–629 [6] Birchard SJ, Roesel OF: Neoplasia of the thyroid gland in the dog. A retrospective study of 16 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1981; 17: [93] Schwartz P, Kovak JR, Koprowski A et al.: Evaluation of prognostic 369–372 factors in the surgical treatment of adrenal gland tumors in dogs: 41 cases (1999–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 77–84 [7] Birchard SJ: Thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy in the dog and cat. Probl Vet Med. 1991; 3: 277–289 [94] Scott-Moncrieff JC, Koshko MA, Brown JA et al.: Validation of a chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric assay for plasma adreno- [8] Birchard SJ: Thyroidectomy in the cat. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. – corticotropic hormone in the dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2003; 32: 180– 2006; 21: 29 33 187 [9] Boretti FS, Sieber-Ruckstuhl NS, Gerber B et al.: Thyroid enlarge- [95] Syme HM, Scott-Moncrieff JC, Treadwell NG et al.: Hyperadreno- ment and its relationship to clinicopathological parameters and T corticism associated with excessive sex hormone production by an (4) status in suspected hyperthyroid cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; – adrenocortical tumor in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 11: 286 292 1725–1728 [10] Bracha S, Caron I, Holmberg DL et al.: Ectopic thyroid carcinoma [96] Thuroczy J, van Sluijs FJ, Kooistra HS et al.: Multiple endocrine causing right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in a dog. J Am – neoplasias in a dog: corticotrophic tumour, bilateral adrenocortical Anim Hosp Assoc. 2009; 45: 138 141 tumours, and pheochromocytoma. Vet Quart. 1998; 20: 56–61 [11] Brearley MJ, Hayes AM, Murphy S: Hypofractionated radiation [97] Vandenbergh AGGD, Voorhout G, van Sluijs FJ et al.: Haemor- therapy for invasive thyroid carcinoma in dogs: a retrospective ana- – rhage from a canine adrenocortical tumour: a clinical emergency. lysis of survival. J Small Anim Pract. 1999; 40: 206 210 Vet Rec. 1992; 131: 539–540 [12] Brearley MJ: Radiation therapy for unresectable thyroid carcinomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 466–467

[13] Broome MR: Thyroid Scintigraphy in Hyperthyroidism. Clin Tech [34] Ferguson DC: Endocrine disruptors: should we be concerned in Small Anim Pract. 2006; 21: 10–16 veterinary medicine? In: Proc. 56th Ann Meeting Am College Vet [14] Broussard JD, Peterson ME, Fox PR : Changes in clinical and labo- Path & 40th Ann Meeting Am Soc Vet Clin Path, Boston, 2005 ratory findings in cats with hyperthyroidism from 1983 to 1993. J [35] Fineman LS, Hamilton TA, de Gortari A et al.: Cisplatin chemothe- Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 302–305 rapy for treatment of thyroid carcinoma in dogs: 13 cases. J Am [15] Büchler F: Hyperthyreose bei der Katze. Diss med vet, München, Anim Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 109–112 1999 [36] Flanders JA, Harvey HJ: Feline Thyroidectomy: a comparison of [16] Carver JR, Kapatkin A, Patnaik AK: A comparison of medullary thy- postoperative hypocalcemia associated with three different surgical roid carcinoma and thyroid adenocarcinoma in dogs. A retrospec- techniques. Vet Surg. 1987; 16: 362–366 tive study of 38 cases. Vet Surg. 1995; 24: 315–319 [37] Flanders JA, Neth S, Erb HN et al.: Functional analysis of ectopic [17] Cook SM, Daniel GB, Walker MA et al.: Radiographic and scinti- parathyroid activity in cats. Am J Vet Res. 1991; 52: 1336–1340 graphic evidence of focal pulmonary neoplasia in three cats with [38] Flanders JA: Surgical options for the treatment of hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. J Vet in the cat. J Feline Med Surg. 1999; 1: 127–134 Intern Med. 1993; 7: 303–308 [39] Flanders JA: Surgical therapy of the thyroid. Vet Clin North Am Sm

[18] Daminet S: Feline Hyperthyroidism and its relation with renal func- Anim Pract 1994; 24: 607–621 Literaturverzeichnis tion. Proc. 31st WSAVA Congress, Prag, 2006 [40] Gear RN, Neiger R, Skelly BJ et al.: Primary hyperparathyroidism in [19] De Wet CS, Mooney CT, Thompson PN et al.: Prevalence of and 29 dogs: diagnosis, treatment, outcome and associated renal fail- risk factors for feline hyperthyroidism in Hong Kong. J Fel Med Surg. ure. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; 46: 10–16 1999; 11: 315–321 [41] Geisenberger M: Erhebungen über das Vorkommen bösartiger [20] Devilee P, Van Leeuwen IS, Voesten A et al.: The canine p53 gene Tumoren beim Hund anhand der Sektionsstatistik des Instituts für is subject to somatic mutations in thyroid carcinoma. Anticancer Tierpathologie, München (1951–1969). Diss med vet, München 1990 Res. 1994; 14: 2039–2046 [42] Goldstein RE, Atwater DZ, Cazolli DM et al.: Inheritance, mode of [21] von Dewitz M: Zum Metastasierungsmuster einiger häufig auftre- inheritance, and candidate genes for primary hyperparathyroidism tender maligner Geschwülste des Hundes. Diss med vet, München in Keeshonden. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 199–203 1987 [43] Goldstein RE, Long C, Swift NC et al.: Percutaneous ethanol injec- [22] Drost WT, Mattoon JS, Samii VF et al.: Computed tomographic tion for treatment of unilateral hyperplastic thyroid nodules in cats. densitometry of normal feline thyroid glands. Vet Radiol Ultra- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1298–1302 sound. 2004; 45: 112–116 [44] Graves TK, Peterson ME: Diagnostic tests for feline hyperthyroi- [23] Drost WT, Mattoon JS, Weisbrode SE: Use of helical computed dism. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1994; 24: 567–576 tomography for measurement of thyroid glands in clinically normal [45] Guptill L, Scott-Moncrieff MA, Janovitz EB et al.: Response to cats. Am J Vet Res. 2006; 67: 467–471 high dose radioactive iodine administration in cats with thyroid car- [24] Dye JA, Venier MC, Ward R et al.: Brominated-flame retardants cinoma that had previously undergone surgery. J Am Vet Med (BFRs) in cats—Possible linkage to feline hyperthyroidism? Proc 25th Assoc. 1995; 207: 1055–1058 Ann Forum ACVIM, Seattle 2007 [46] Hammer KB, Holt DE, Ward CR: Altered expressions of G proteins [25] Dye JA, Venier MC, Zhu L et al.: Elevated PBDE levels in pet cats: in thyroid gland adenomas obtained from hyperthyroid cats. Am J sentinels for humans? Environ Sci Technol. 2007; 41: 6350–6356 Vet Res. 2000; 61: 874–879 [26] Edinboro CH, Scott-Moncrieff JC, Glickman LT: Feline hyperthyroi- [47] Harari J, Patterson JS, Rosenthal RC: Clinical and pathologic featu- dism: Potential relationship with iodine supplement requirements res of thyroid tumors in 26 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1968; 188: of commercial cat foods. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 672–679 1160–1164 [27] Edinboro CH, Scott-Moncrieff JC, Janovitz E et al.: Epidemiologic [48] Harvey AM, Hibbert A, Barrett EL et al.: Scintigraphic findings in study of relationships between consumption of commercial canned 120 hyperthyroid cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 96–106 food and risk of hyperthyroidism in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; [49] Hayes HM, Fraumeni JF: Canine thyroid neoplasms: epidemiologic 224: 879–886 features. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1975; 55: 931–943 [28] Eskens U: Statistische Untersuchungen über nach Empfehlungen [50] Hibbert A: Feline Thyroid carcinoma. Proc. 20th Ann Congress der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) klassifizierte Geschwülste ECVIM-CA, Toulouse 2010, 152–154 des Hundes unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Mamma- und [51] Hibbert A, Gruffydd-Jones T, Barrett EL et al.: Feline thyroid carci- Hauttumoren. Diss Vet Med, Gießen 1983 noma: diagnosis and response to high-dose radioactive iodine treat- [29] Feeney DA, Anderson KL: Nuclear imaging and radiation therapy in ment. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: 116–124 canine and feline thyroid disease: Vet Clin North Am Small Anim [52] van Hoek I, Lefebvre HP, Peremans K et al.: Short- and long-term Pract. 2007; 37: 799–821 follow-up of glomerular and tubular renal markers of kidney func- [30] Feldman EC, Hoar B, Pollard R et al.: Pretreatment clinical and tion in hyperthyroid cats after treatment with radioiodine. Domest laboratory findings in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism: 210 Anim Endocrinol. 2009; 36: 45–56 cases (1987–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 756–761 [53] Hoffmann G, Marks SL, Taboada J et al.: Transdermal methima- [31] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Primary Hyperparathyroidism (PHPTH) in zole treatment in cats with hyperthyroidism. J Feline Med Surg. dogs. In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW. (Hrsg.) Canine and feline endocri- 2003; 5: 77–82 nology and reproduction. 3. Aufl. Saunders-Elsevier, St. Louis 2004; [54] Hofmeister E, Kippenes H, Mealey KL et al.: Functional cystic thy- S. 678–711 roid adenoma in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 190–193 [32] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Primary Hyperparathyroidism in cats. In: [55] Ihle SL, Nelson RW, Cook JR Jr.: Seizures as a manifestation of pri- Feldman EC, Nelson RW. (Hrsg.): Canine and feline endocrinology mary hyperparathyroidism in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; and reproduction. 3. Aufl. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis 2004; 711– 192: 71–72 713 [56] Jacobs I: Die Rolle des freien Thyroxins in der Diagnostik von Schild- [33] Feldman EC, Wisner ER, Nelson RW et al.: Comparison of results drüsenerkrankungen bei der Katze. Diss med vet, Hannover, 2002 of hormonal analysis of samples obtained from selected venous [57] Jeglum KA, Whereat A: Chemotherapy of canine thyroid carci- sites versus cervical ultrasonography for localizing parathyroid mas- noma. Comp Cont Educ Small Anim Pract 1983; 96: 96–98 ses in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997; 211: 54–56

[58] Jores K, Kessler M: Primärer Hyperparathyreoidismus beim Hund. [82] Merryman JI, Buckles EL, Bowers G et al.: Overexpression of c-ras Diagnose, Therapie und postoperatives Management bei 19 Hun- in hyperplasia and adenomas of the feline thyroid gland: an immu- den. Tierärztl Prax. 2011; 6: 389–396 nohistochemical analysis of 34 cases. Vet Pathol. 1999; 36: 117– [59] Kallet AJ, Richler KP, Feldman EC et al.: Primary hyperparathyroi- 124 dism in seven cats: seven cases (1984–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. [83] Messinger JS, Windham WR, Ward CR: Ionized hypercalcemia in 1991; 197: 1767–1771 dogs: a retrospective study of 109 cases (1998–2003). J Vet Intern [60] Kass PH, Peterson ME, Levy J et al.: Evaluation of environmental, Med. 2009; 23: 514–519 nutritional, and host factors in cats with hyperthyroidism. J Vet [84] Milner R.J., Channell C.D., Levy J.K. et al.: Survival times for cats Intern Med. 1999; 13: 323–329 with hyperthyroidism treated with iodine 131, methimazole, or [61] Kennedy RL, Thoday KL: Autoantibodies in feline hyperthyroidism. both: 167 cases (1996–2003). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2006; 228: Res Vet Sci. 1988; 45: 300–306 559–563 [62] Klein MK, Powers BE, Withrow SJ et al.: Treatment of thyroid car- [85] Mitchell M, Hurov LI, Troy GC: Canine thyroid carcinomas: clinical cinoma in dogs by surgical resection alone: 20 cases. (1981–1989). occurrence, staging by means of scintiscans, and therapy of 15 J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 1007–1009 cases. Vet Surg. 1979; 8: 112–118 [63] Kraft W, Deinert M, Büchler F et al.: Symptome bei Hyperthyre- [86] Mooney CT: Pathogenesis of feline hyperthyroidism. J Feline Med ose der Katze: Eine retrospektive Studie. Kleintierprax. 1999; 44: Surg. 2002; 4: 167–169 719–732 [87] Naan EC, Kirpensteijn J, Kooistra HS et al.: Results of thyroidec- [64] Kurzke E: Morphologische Grundlagen der Schilddrüsensonogra- tomy in 101 cats with hyperthyroidism. Vet Surg. 2006; 35: 287– phie bei der Katze. Diss med vet, München, 2001 293 [65] Kusch S: Erhebungen über das Vorkommen bösartiger Blastome [88] Nemzek JA, Kruger JM, Walshaw R et al.: Acute onset of hypoka- beim Hund anhand der Sektionsstatistik des Institutes für Tier- lemia and muscular weakness in four hyperthyroid cats. J Am Vet pathologie, München (1970—1984). Diss med vet, München 1985 Med Assoc. 1994; 205: 65–67 [66] Lagadic M, Cohn-Bendit F: Tumeurs malignes de la thyroide chez [89] Ngyen LQ, Arseven OK, Gerber H et al.: Cloning of the cat TSH le chien: étude retrospective de 137 cas. Prat Medic Chirurg l’Anim receptor and evidence against an autoimmune etiology of feline Comp. 1995; 30: 85–92 hyperthyroidism. Endocrinology. 2002; 143: 395–402 [67] Leav I, Schiller AL, Rijnberk A et al.: Adenomas and carcinomas of [90] Niessen SJ, Voyce MJ, de Villiers L et al.: Generalised lymphadeno- the canine and feline thyroid. Am J Pathol. 1976; 83: 61–94 megaly associated with methimazole treatment in a hyperthyroid cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 165–168 [68] Leblanc B, Parodi AL, Lagadic M et al.: Immunocytochemistry of canine thyroid tumors. Vet Pathol. 1991; 28: 370–380 [91] Norsworthy GD, Adams VJ, McElhaney MR et al.: Palpable thyroid and parathyroid nodules in asymptomatic cats. J Feline Med Surg. [69] Lécuyer M, Prini S, Dunn ME et al.: Clinical efficacy and safety of 2002; 4: 145–151 transdermal methimazole in the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism. Can Vet J. 2006; 47: 131–135 [92] Norsworthy GD, Adams VJ, McElhaney MR et al.: Relationship between semi-quantitative thyroid palpation and total thyroxine [70] Lee JJ, Larsson C, Lui WO et al.: A dog pedigree with familial concentration in cats with and without hyperthyroidism. J Feline medullary thyroid cancer. Int J Oncol. 2006; 29: 1173–1182 Med Surg. 2002; 4: 139–143 [71] Liptak JM: Canine thyroid carcinoma. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. [93] Olczak J, Jones BR, Pfeiffer DU et al.: Multivariate analysis of risk 2007; 22: 75–81 factors for feline hyperthyroidism in New Zealand. N Z Vet J. 2005; [72] Liptak JM, Kamstock DA, Dernell WS et al.: Cranial mediastinal 53: 53–58 carcinomas in nine dogs. Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 19–30 [94] Pack L, Roberts RE, Dawson SD et al.: Definitive radiation therapy [73] Liu SK, Peterson ME, Fox PR : Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and for infiltrative thyroid carcinoma in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. hyperthyroidism in the cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 185: 52–57 2001; 42: 471–474 [74] Long CD, Goldstein RE, Hornof WJ et al.: Percutaneous ultra- [95] Padgett SL, Tobias KM, Leathers CW et al.: Efficacy of parathyroid sound-guided chemical parathyroid ablation for treatment of pri- gland autotransplantation in maintaining serum calcium concentra- mary hyperparathyroidism in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 215: tions after bilateral thyroparathyroidectomy in cats. J Am Anim 217–221 Hosp Assoc. 1998; 34: 219–224 [75] Maggio F, DeFrancesco TC, Atkins CE et al.: Ocular lesions associa- [96] Paepe D, Smets P, van Hoek I et al.: Within- and between-exami- ted with systemic hypertension in cats: 69 cases (1985–1998). J Am ner agreement for two thyroid palpation techniques in healthy and Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 695–702 hyperthyroid cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 558–565 [76] Malik R: Dog with a functional intra-thoracic thyroid tumour. J [97] Patnaik AK, Liebermann PH: Canine medullary carcinoma of the Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 474 thyroid. Vet Pathol. 1978; 15; 590–599 [77] Marks SL, Koblik PD, Hornof WJ et al.: 99mTc-pertechnetate ima- [98] Patnaik AK, MacEwen EG, Erlandson RA: Mediastinal parathyroid ging of thyroid tumors in dogs: 29 cases (1980–1992). J Am Vet adenocarcinoma in a dog. Vet Pathol. 1978; 15: 55–63 Med Assoc. 1994; 204: 756–760 [99] Peeters ME, Timmermans-Sprang EP, Mol JA: Feline thyroid ade- [78] Martin KM, Rossing MA, Ryland LM et al.: Evaluation of dietary nomas are in part associated with mutations in the G (s alpha) gene and environmental risk factors for hyperthyroidism in cats. J Am Vet and not with polymorphisms found in the thyrotropin receptor. Thy- Med Assoc. 2000; 217: 853–856 roid. 2002; 12: 571–575 [79] Matwichuk CL, Taylor SM, Daniel GB et al.: Double-phase para- [100] Peterson ME, Becker DV: Radioiodine treatment of 524 cats with thyroid scintigraphy in dogs using technetium-99M-sestamibi. Vet hyperthyroidism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 1422–1428 Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 461–469 [101] Peterson ME, Graves TK, Gamble DA: Triiodothyronine (T3) sup- [80] Mayer MN, MacDonald VS: External beam radiation therapy for pression test: An aid in the diagnosis of mild hyperthyroidism in thyroid cancer in the dog. Can Vet J. 2007; 48: 761–763 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1990; 4: 233–238 [81] Mellanby RJ, Craig R, Evans H et al.: Plasma concentrations of [102] Peterson ME, Kintzer PP, Cavanagh PG et al.: Feline hyperthyroi- parathyroid hormone-related protein in dogs with potential disor- dism: Pretreatment clinical and laboratory evaluation of 131 cases. J ders of calcium metabolism. Vet Rec. 2006; 159: 833–838. Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 183: 103–110

[103] Peterson ME, Kintzer PP, Hurvitz AI: Methimazole treatment of [128] Swalec KM, Birchard SJ: Recurrence of hyperthyroidism after thy- 262 cats with hyperthyroidism. J Vet Intern Med. 1988; 2: 150–157 roidectomy in cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 433–437 [104] Peterson ME, Melián C, Nichols R: Measurement of serum con- [129] Taeymans O, Dennis R, Saunders JH: Magnetic resonance imaging centrations of free thyroxine, total thyroxine, and total triiodothyro- of the normal canine thyroid gland. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; nine in cats with hyperthyroidism and cats with nonthyroidal 49: 238–242 disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 529–536 [130] Taeymans O, Peremans K, Saunders JH: Thyroid imaging in the [105] Peterson ME: Update on recent research in feline hyperthyroidism. dog: current status and future directions. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; Proc. 20th Ann Congress ECVIM-CA, Toulouse 2010, 155–157 21: 673–684 [106] Peterson ME, Ward CR: Etiopathologic findings of hyperthyroidism [131] Taeymans O, Schwarz T, Duchateau L et al.: Computed tomogra- in cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2007; 37: 633–645 phic features of the normal canine thyroid gland. Vet Radiol Ultra- [107] Phillips DE, Radlinsky MG, Fischer JR et al.: Cystic thyroid and sound. 2008; 49: 13–19 parathyroid lesions in cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 349– [132] Théon AP, Marks SL, Feldman ES et al.: Prognostic factors and pat- 354 terns of treatment failure in dogs with unresectable differentiated [108] Pollard RE, Long CD, Nelson RW et al.: Percutaneous ultrasono- thyroid carcinomas treated with megavoltage irradiation. J Am Vet – graphically guided radiofrequency heat ablation for treatment of Med Assoc. 2000; 216: 1775 1779 Literaturverzeichnis primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; [133] Théon AP, Van Vechten MK, Feldman E: Prospective randomized 218: 1106–1110 comparison of intravenous versus subcutaneous administration of [109] Puille M, Auch D, Spillmann T et al.: Bestimmung von TSH und radioiodine for treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats. Am J Vet Res. freien Schilddrüsenhormonen in der Hyperthyreosediagnostik der 1994; 55: 1734–1738 Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2000; 28(K): 289–294 [134] Thompson EJ, Stirtzinger T, Lumsden JH et al.: Fine needle aspira- [110] Puille M, Knietsch M, Spillmann T et al.: Radioiodtherapie bei Kat- tion cytology in the diagnosis of canine thyroid carcinoma. Can Vet zen mit Hyperthyreose in Deutschland. Nuklearmedizin. 2002; 41: J. 1980; 21: 186–188 245–251 [135] Thompson KG, Jones LP, Smylie WA et al.: Primary hyperparathy- [111] Puille M, Puille N: Nuklearmedizinische Diagnostik und Therapie roidism in German shepherd dogs: A disorder of probable genetic der felinen Hyperthyreose. Nuklearmediziner. 2010; 33: 23–31 origin. Vet Pathol. 1984; 21: 370–376 [112] Radlinsky MG: Thyroid surgery in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am [136] Trepanier LA, Hoffman SB, Kroll M et al.: Efficacy and safety of Small Anim Pract. 2007; 37: 789–798 once versus twice daily administration of methimazole in cats with hyperthyroidism. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 222: 954–958 [113] Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA, Johnson GC et al.: Immunohistochemi- cal detection of thyroid transcription factor-1, thyroglobulin, and [137] Turrel JM, Feldman EC, Nelson RW et al.: Thyroid carcinoma cau- calcitonin in canine normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid sing hyperthyroidism in cats: 14 cases (1981–1986). J Am Vet Med gland. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 480–487 Assoc. 1988; 193: 359–364 [114] Rasor L, Pollard R, Feldman EC: Retrospective evaluation of three [138] Turrel JM, McEntee MC, Burke BP et al.: Sodium iodide I 131 treat- treatment methods for primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs. J Am ment of dogs with nonresectable thyroid tumors: 39 cases (1990– Anim Hosp Assoc. 2007; 43: 70–77 2003). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 542–548 [115] Rebhun RB, Thamm DH: Multiple distinct malignancies in dogs: 53 [139] Verschueren CP: Clinico-pathological and endocrine aspects of cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2010; 46: 20–30 canine thyroid cancer. Diss med vet, Utrecht, 1992 [116] Reese S, Büchler F, Kraft W: Die sonographische Schilddrüsen- [140] Verschueren CP, Selman PJ, Mol JA et al.: Circulating thyroglobulin untersuchung bei der Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2001; 29(K): 184–190 measurements by homologous radioimmunassay in dogs with thyroid carcinoma. Acta Endocrinol. 1991; 125: 291–298 [117] Reese S, Müller M, Kurzke E et al.: Prävalenz morphologischer Schilddrüsenveränderungen bei der Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 2002; 30 [141] van Vonderen IK, Kooistra HS, Peeters ME et al.: Parathyroid hor- (K): 274–281 mone immunohistochemistry in dogs with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism: the question of adenoma and primary hyper- [118] Reimann N, Nolte I, Bonk U et al.: Trisomy 18 in a canine thyroid plasia. J Comp Pathol. 2003; 129: 61–69 adenoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1996; 90: 154–156 [142] Wakeling J, Elliott J, Petrie A et al.: Urinary iodide concentration [119] Riensche MR, Graves TK, Schaeffer DJ: An investigation of predic- in hyperthyroid cats. Am J Vet Res. 2009; 70: 741–749 tors of renal insufficiency following treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 160–166 [143] Wakeling J, Everard A, Brodbelt D et al.: Risk factors for feline hyperthyroidism in the UK. J Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 406–414 [120] Rijnberk A: Hyperthyroidism in the dog and its treatment with radioactive iodide. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1966; 91: 789–794 [144] Ward CR, Achenbach SE, Peterson ME et al.: Expression of inhibitory G proteins in adenomatous thyroid glands obtained from [121] Rozanski EA, Stobie D: Laryngeal paralysis secondary to a cystic hyperthyroid cats. Am J Vet Res. 2005; 66: 1478–1482 thyroid adenoma in a cat. Fel Pract. 1995; 23: 6–7 [145] Watson SG, Radford AD, Kipar A et al.: Somatic mutations of the [122] Sartor LL, Trepanier LA, Kroll MM et al.: Efficacy and safety of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor gene in feline hyperthyroi- transdermal methimazole in the treatment of cats with hyperthyroidism: parallels with human hyperthyroidism. J Endocrinol. 2005; dism. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 651–655 186: 523–537 [123] Sassnau R: Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Prävalenz der [146] Welches CD, Scavelli TD, Matthiesen DT et al.: Occurrence of felinen Hyperthyreose. Diss med vet, München 2005 problems after three techniques of bilateral thyroidectomy in cats. [124] Scarlett JM: Epidemiology of thyroid diseases of dogs and cats. Vet Vet Surg. 1989; 18: 392–396 Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1994; 24: 477–486 [147] Wells AL, Long CD, Hornof WJ et al.: Use of percutaneous ethanol [125] Scarlett JM, Moise NS, Rayl J: Feline hyperthyroidism: a descriptive injection for treatment of bilateral hyperplastic thyroid nodules in and case-control study. Prev Vet Med. 1988; 6: 295–309 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 1293–1297 [126] Schaudinn W: Die epithelialen Schilddrüsentumoren des Hundes. [148] Williams T, Elliott J, Syme H: Association of iatrogenic hypothyroi- Diss med vet, München 1972 dism with azotemia and reduced survival time in cats treated for [127] Sueda MT, Stefanacci JD: Ultrasound evaluation of the parathyroid hyperthyroidism. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 1086–1092 glands in two hypercalcemic cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 448–451

[149] Wisner ER, Nyland TG: Ultrasonography of the thyroid and para- [16] English RV, Breitschwerdt EB, Grindem CB et al.: Zollinger-Ellison thyroid glands. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1998; 28: syndrome and myelofibrosis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 973–991 192: 1430–4 [150] Wisner ER, Penninck D, Biller DS et al.: High-resolution parathy- [17] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Beta-cell neoplasia: insulinoma. In: Feld- roid sonography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1997; 38: 462–466 man EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline Endocrinology and [151] Wisner ER, Théon AP, Nyland TG: Ultrasonographic examination Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2004: 616–644 of the thyroid gland of hyperthyroid cats: comparison to [18] Feldman EC, Nelson RW: Gastrinoma, glucagonoma, and other 99mTcO4–scintigraphy. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1994; 35: 53–58 APUDomas. In: Feldman EC, Nelson RW (Hrsg.): Canine and Feline [152] Worth AJ, Zuber RM, Hocking M: Radioiodide (131I) therapy for Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3. Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saun- the treatment of canine thyroid carcinoma. Aust Vet J. 2005; 83: ders; 2004: 645–658 208–214 [19] Fingeroth JM, Smeak DD, Jacobs RM: Intravenous methylene blue [153] Zarrin KH, Hänichen T: Comparative histopathological study of the infusion for intraoperative identification of parathyroid gland and canine thyroid gland in London und Munich. J Small Anim Pract. pancreatic islet-cell tumors in dogs: Part I: experimental determina- 1974; 15: 329–342 tion of dose-related staining efficacy and toxicity. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1986; 24: 165–173 [154] Zarrin KH: Naturally occurring parafollicular cell carcinoma of the thyroid in dogs. A histological and ultrastructural study. Vet Pathol. [20] Fingeroth JM, Smeak DD: Intravenous methylene blue infusion for 1977; 14: 556–566 intraoperative identification of pancreatic islet-cell tumors in dogs. Part II: clinical trials and results in four dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1987; 24: 175–182 28.4 Tumoren des endokrinen Pankreas [21] Fischer JR, Smith SA, Harkin KR: Glucagon constant-rate infusion: [1] Allenspach K, Arnold P, Glaus T et al.: Glucagon-producing neuro- a novel strategy for the management of hyperinsulinemic-hypogly- endocrine tumour associated with hypoaminoacidaemia and skin cemic crisis in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2000; 36: 27–32 – lesions. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41: 402 406 [22] Fukushima R, Ichikawa K, Hirabayashi M et al.: A case of canine [2] Altschul M, Simpson KW, Dykes NL et al.: Evaluation of somatos- gastrinoma. J Vet Med Sci. 2004; 66: 993–995 tatin analogues for the detection and treatment of gastrinoma in a [23] Garden OA, Reubi JC, Dykes NL et al.: Somatostatin Receptor Ima- – dog. J Small Anim Pract. 1997; 38: 286 291 ging in vivo by planar scintigraphy facilitates the diagnosis of canine [3] Bailey DB, Page RL: Tumors of the endocrine system. In: Withrow insulinomas. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 168–176 ’ SJ, Vail DM (Hrsg.): Withrow & MacEwen s Small Animal Clinical [24] Gardner DG: Multiple endocrine neoplasia. In: Greenspan FS, Gard- – Oncology. 4 Aufl. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders; 2007: 583 609 ner DG (Hrsg.): Basic & Clinical Endocrinology. 7. Aufl. New York: [4] Bell R, Mooney CT, Mansfield CS et al.: Treatment of insulinoma Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill; 2004: 829–841 in a springer spaniel with streptozotocin. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; [25] Gaschen L, Kircher P, Wolfram K: Endoscopic ultrasound of the – 46: 247 250 canine abdomen. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 338–349 ’ ’ [5] Bennett PF, Norman EJ: Mitotane (o p -DDD) resistance in a dog [26] Green RA, Gartrell CL: Gastrinoma: a retrospective study of four with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism and phaeochromo- cases (1985–1995). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 524–527 cytoma. Aust Vet J. 1998; 76: 101–103 [27] Greene SN, Bright RM: Insulinoma in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. [6] Bond R, McNeil PE, Evans H et al.: Metabolic epidermal necrosis in 2008; 49: 38–40 two dogs with different underlying diseases. Vet Rec. 1995; 136: [28] Gross TL, O’Brien TD, Davies AP et al.: Glucagon-producing panc- 466–471 reatic endocrine tumors in two dogs with superficial necrolytic der- [7] Braund KG, Steiss JE, Amling KA et al.: Insulinoma and subclinical matitis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990; 197: 1619–1622 peripheral neuropathy in two dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1987; 1: 86– [29] Happe RP, van der Gaag I, Lamers CBHW et al.: Zollinger-Ellison 90 syndrome in three dogs. Vet Pathol. 1980; 17: 177–186 [8] Brooks D, Watson GL: Omeprazole in a dog with gastrinoma. J Vet [30] Hawkins KL, Summers BA, Kuhajda FP et al.: Immunocytoche- Intern Med. 1997; 11: 379–381 mistry of normal pancreatic islets and spontaneous islet cell tumors [9] Buishand FO, Kik M, Kirpensteijn J: Evaluation of clinico-pathologi- in dogs. Vet Pathol. 1987; 24: 170–179 cal criteria and the Ki67 index as prognostic indicators in canine [31] Hawks D, Peterson ME, Hawkins KL et al.: Insulin-secreting panc- insulinoma. Vet J. 2010; 185: 62–67 reatic (islet cell) carcinoma in a cat. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 193– [10] Cave TA, Evans H, Hargreaves J et al.: Metabolic epidermal necro- 196 sis in a dog associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, hyperglu- [32] Hayden DW, Henson MS: Gastrin-secreting pancreatic endocrine cagonaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and hypoaminoacidaemia. J Small tumor in a dog (putative Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). J Vet Diagn Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 522–526 Invest. 1997; 9: 100–103 [11] Caywood DD, Klausner JS, O’Leary TP et al.: Pancreatic insulin- [33] Hoenerhoff M, Kiupel M: Concurrent gastrinoma and somatostati- secreting neoplasms: clinical, diagnostic, and prognostic features in noma in a 10–year-old Portuguese water dog. J Comp Path. 2004; 73 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1987; 24: 577–584 130: 313–318 [12] Cerundolo R, McEvoy F, McNeil PE et al.: Ultrasonographic detec- [34] Hughes SM: Canine gastrinoma: a case study and literature review tion of a pancreatic glucagon-secreting multihormonal islet cell of therapeutic options. N Z Vet J. 2006; 54: 242–247 tumour in a dachshund with metabolic epidermal necrosis. Vet Rec. 1999; 145: 662–666 [35] Jones BR, Nicholls MR, Badman R: Peptic ulceration in a dog associated with an islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas and an elevated [13] Christ E, Wild D, Forrer F et al.: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor plasma gastrin level. J Small Anim Pract. 1976; 17: 593–598 imaging for localization of insulinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009; 94: 4398–4405 [36] King AD, Ko GTC, Yeung VTF et al.: Dual phase spiral CT in the detection of small insulinomas of the pancreas. Br J Radiol. 1998; [14] Diroff JS, Sanders NA, McDonough SP et al.: Gastrin-secreting 71: 20–23 neoplasia in a cat. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1245–1247 [37] Kiupel M, Mueller PB, Vara JR et al.: Multiple endocrine neoplasia [15] Eng J, Du BH, Johnson GF et al.: Cat gastrinoma and the sequence in a dog. J Comp Path. 2000; 123: 210–217 of cat gastrins. Regul Pept. 1992; 37: 9–13

[38] Kraje AC: Hypoglycemia and irreversible neurologic complications [60] Robben JH, Visser-Wisselaar HA, Rutteman GR et al.: In vitro and in a cat with insulinoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003; 223: 812–814 in vivo detection of functional somatostatin receptors in canine [39] Kruth SA, Feldman EC, Kennedy PC: Insulin-secreting islet cell insulinomas. J Nucl Med. 1997; 38: 1036–1042 tumors: Establishing a diagnosis and the clinical course for 25 dogs. [61] Robben JH, Pollak Y, Kirpensteijn J et al.: Comparison of ultra- J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 181: 54–58 sonography, computed tomography, and single-photon emission [40] Lamb CR, Simpson KW, Boswood A et al.: Ultrasonography of computed tomography for the detection and localization of canine pancreatic neoplasia in the dog: a retrospective review of 16 cases. insulinoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 15–22 Vet Rec. 1995; 137: 65–68 [62] Robben JH, van den Brom WE, Mol JA et al.: Effect of octreotide [41] Lee JJ, Larsson C, Lui WO et al.: A dog pedigree with familial on plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon, growth hor- medullary thyroid cancer. Int J Oncol. 2006; 29: 1173–1182 mone, and cortisol in healthy dogs and dogs with insulinoma. Res Vet Sci. 2006; 80: 25–32 [42] Leifer CE, Peterson ME, Matus RE: Insulin-secreting tumor: Diag- nosis and medical and surgical management in 55 dogs. J Am Vet [63] Schrauwen E: Clinical peripheral polyneuropathy associated with Med Assoc. 1986; 188: 60–64 canine insulinoma. Vet Rec. 1991; 128: 211–212 [43] Lothrop CD: Medical treatment of neuroendocrine tumors of the [64] Schrauwen E, Van Ham L, Desmidt M et al.: Peripheral polyneuro-

gastroenteropancreatic system with somatostatin. In: Kirk RW pathy associated with insulinoma in the dog: clinical, pathological, Literaturverzeichnis (Hrsg.): Current Veterinary Therapy X. Small animal practice. Phila- and electrodiagnostic features. Prog Vet Neurol. 1996; 7: 16–19 delphia: Saunders; 1989: 1020–1024 [65] Seicean A, Tantau M, Badea R et al.: The applicability of radial [44] Lurye JC, Behrend EN: Endocrine tumors. In: Behrend EN, Kemppai- endoscopic ultrasonography in pancreatic diseases. J Gastrointestin nen RJ (Hrsg.): The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Ani- Liver Dis. 2007; 16: 77–83 mal Practice. Endocrinology. Vol 31. Number 5. Philadelphia: Saun- [66] Shahar R, Rousseaux C, Steiss J: Peripheral polyneuropathy in a ders; 2001:1083–1110 dog with functional islet B-cell tumor and widespread metastasis. J [45] Madarame H, Kayanuma H, Shida T et al.: Retrospective study of Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 187: 175–177 canine insulinomas: eight cases (2005–2008). J Vet Med Sci. 2009; [67] Siliart B, Stambouli F: Laboratory diagnosis of insulinoma in the 71: 905–911 dog: a retrospective study and a new diagnostic procedure. J Small [46] Mai W, Caceres AV: Dual-phase computed tomographic angiogra- Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 367–370 phy in three dogs with pancreatic insulinoma. Vet Radiol Ultra- [68] Simpson KW, Dykes NL: Diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma. sound. 2008; 49: 141–148 Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1997; 12: 274–281 [47] McMillan FD, Barr B, Feldman EC: Functional pancreatic islet cell [69] Steiner JM: Unusual gastrointestinal endocrine disorders. In: Moo- tumor in a cat. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985; 21: 741–746 ney CT, Peterson ME (Hrsg.): BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline [48] Middleton DJ, Watson AD: Duodenal ulceration associated with Endocrinology. 3. Aufl. Gloucester: British Small Animal Veterinary gastrin-secreting pancreatic tumor in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Association; 2004: 222–228 1983; 183: 461–462 [70] Straus E, Johnson GF, Yalow RS: Canine Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. [49] Miller WH, Anderson WI, McCann JP: Necrolytic migratory ery- Gastroenterol. 1977; 72: 380–381 thema in a dog with a glucagon-secreting endocrine tumor. Vet [71] Thuroczy J, van Sluijs FJ, Kooistra HS et al.: Multiple endocrine Dermatol. 1991; 2: 179–182 neoplasias in a dog: corticotrophic tumour, bilateral adrenocortical [50] Minkus G, Jütting U, Aubele M et al.: Canine neuroendocrine tumours, and pheochromocytoma. Vet Quart. 1998; 20: 56–61 tumors of the pancreas: a study using image analysis technique for [72] Tobin RL, Nelson RW, Lucroy MD et al.: Outcome of surgical ver- the discrimination of metastatic versus nonmetastatic tumors. Vet sus medical treatment of dogs with beta cell neoplasia: 39 cases Pathol. 1997; 34: 138–145 (1990–1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 215: 226–230 [51] Mizuno T, Hiraoka H, Yoshioka C et al.: Superficial necrolytic der- [73] Torres SM, Caywood DD, O’Brien TD et al.: Resolution of superfi- matitis associated with extrapancreatic glucagonoma in a dog. Vet cial necrolytic dermatitis following excision of a glucagon-secreting Dermatol. 2009; 20: 72–9 pancreatic neoplasm in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: [52] Moore AS, Nelson RW, Henry CJ et al.: Streptozocin for treatment 313–319 of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs: 17 cases (1989–1999). J Am [74] Torres S, Johnson K, McKeever P et al.: Superficial necrolytic der- Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 221: 811–818 matitis and a pancreatic endocrine tumour in a dog. J Small Anim [53] Oberkirchner U, Linder KE, Zadrozny L et al.: Successful treat- Pract. 1997; 38: 246–250 ment of canine necrolytic migratory erythema (superficial necroly- [75] Van der Gaag I, van den Ingh TS, Lamers CB et al.: Zollinger-Elli- tic dermatitis) due to metastatic glucagonoma with octreotide. Vet son syndrome in a cat. Vet Quart. 1988; 10: 151–155 Dermatol. 2010; 21: 510–516 [76] Van Ham L, Braund KG, Roels S et al.: Treatment of a dog with an [54] O’Brien TD, Hayden DW, O’Leary TP et al.: Canine pancreatic insulinoma-related peripheral polyneuropathy with corticosteroids. endocrine tumors: immunohistochemical analysis of hormone con- Vet Rec. 1997; 141: 98–100 tent and amyloid. Vet Pathol. 1987; 24: 308–314 [77] Vergine M, Pozzo S, Pogliani E et al.: Common bile duct obstruc- [55] O’Brien TD, Norton F, Turner TM et al.: Pancreatic endocrine tion due to a duodenal gastrinoma in a dog. Vet J. 2005; 170: 141– tumor in a cat: clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical 143 evaluation. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 453–457 [78] Von Dehn BJ, Nelson RW, Feldman EC et al.: Pheochromocytoma [56] Peterson ME, Randolph JF, Zaki FA et al.: Multiple endocrine neo- and hyperadrenocorticism in dogs: six cases (1982–1992). J Am Vet plasia in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982; 180: 1476–1478 Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 322–324 [57] Polton GA, White RN, Brearley MJ et al.: Improved survival in a [79] Walker MC, Jones BR, Guildford WG et al.: Multiple endocrine retrospective cohort of 28 dogs with insulinoma. J Small Anim neoplasia type 1 in a crossbred dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2000; 41: Pract. 2007; 48: 151–156 67–70 [58] Priester WA: Pancreatic islet cell tumors in domestic animals. Data [80] Ward CR, Washabau RJ: Gastrointestinal endocrine disease. In: from 11 colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States and Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC (Hrsg.): Textbook of Veterinary Internal Canada. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1974; 53: 227–229 Medicine. 6. Aufl. St. Louis Missouri: Elsevier; 2005: 1622–1632 [59] Reimer SB, Pelosi A, Frank J et al.: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 227: 101–104

[81] Wright KN, Breitschwerdt EB, Feldman JM et al.: Diagnostic and [23] da Costa RC, Parent JM, Dobson H et al.: Ultrasound-guided fine therapeutic considerations in a hypercalcemic dog with multiple needle aspiration in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors endocrine neoplasia. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 156–162 in 4 dogs. Can Vet J. 2008; 49: 77–81 [24] Dahme E, Schmahl W: Nervensystem. In: Dahme E, Weiss E (Hrsg.): Grundriß der speziellen pathologischen Anatomie der Haus- 29 Tumoren des Nervensystems tiere. 5. Aufl., Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, 1999; 359–423 [25] Davidson MG, Nasisse MP, Breitschwerdt EB et al.: Acute blind- [1] Adamo PF, Cantile C, Steinberg H: Evaluation of progesterone and ness associated with intracranial tumors in dogs and cats: eight estrogen receptor expression in 15 meningiomas of dogs and cats. cases (1984–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 755–758 Am J Vet Res. 2003; 64: 1310–1318 [26] Demierre S, Bley T, Botteron C et al.: Intrakranielle Astrozytome [2] Affolter VK, Moore PF: Localized and disseminated histiocytic sar- bei acht Katzen: Klinische und pathologische Befunde. Schweiz coma of dendritic cell origin in dogs. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 74–83 Archiv Tierheilkd. 2002; 144: 66–73 [3] Aloisio F, Levine JM, Edwards JF: Immunohistochemical features of [27] Dickinson PJ, Sturges BK, Kass PH et al.: Characteristics of cister- a feline spinal cord gemistocytic astrocytoma. J Vet Diagn Invest. nal cerebrospinal fluid associated with intracranial meningiomas in 2008; 20: 836–838 dogs: 56 cases (1985–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 564– [4] Baehring JM: An update on oligodendroglial neoplasms. Curr Opin 567 Neurol. 2005; 18: 639–644 [28] Dimski DS, Cook Jr JR: Carmustine-induced partial remission of an [5] Bagley RS: Spinal neoplasms in small animals. Vet Clin North Am astrocytoma in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 179–182 Small Anim Pract. 2010; 40: 915–927 [29] Drost WT, Love NE, Berry CR: Comparison of radiography, myelo- [6] Bailey CS, Higgins RJ: Characteristics of cisternal cerebrospinal graphy and computed tomography for the evaluation of canine ver- fluid associated with primary brain tumors in the dog: a retrospec- tebral and spinal cord tumors in sixteen dogs. Vet Radiol Ultra- tive study. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: 414–417 sound. 1996; 37: 28–33 [7] Barnhart KF, Wojcieszyn J, Storts RW: Immunohistochemical stai- [30] Evans SM, Dayrell-Hart B, Powlis W et al.: Radiation therapy of ning patterns of canine meningiomas and correlation with publish- canine brain masses. J Vet Int Med. 1993; 7: 216–219 ed immunophenotypes. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 311–321 [31] Fankhauser R, Fatzer R, Luginbühl H: Reticulosis of the central [8] Benigni L, Corr SA, Lamb CR: Ultrasonographic assessment of the nervous system (CNS) in dogs. Adv Vet Sci Comp Med. 1972; 16: canine sciatic nerve. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 428–433 35–71 [9] Bley CR, Sumova A, Roos M et al.: Irradiation of brain tumors in [32] Fingeroth JM, Prata RG, Patnaik AK: Spinal meningiomas in dogs: dogs with neurologic disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 849–854 13 cases (1972–1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 191: 720–726 [10] Bradley RL, Withrow SJ, Snyder SP: Nerve sheath tumors in the [33] Forterre F, Fritsch G, Kaiser S et al.: Surgical approach for tentorial dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1982; 18: 915–921 meningiomas in cats: a review of six cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2006; [11] Braund KG: Neoplasia of the nervous system. Comp Cont Ed. 1984; 8: 227–233 6: 717–722 [34] Forterre F, Jaggy A, Rohrbach H et al.: Modified temporal [12] Brearley MJ, Jeffery ND, Phillips SM et al.: Hypofractionated radia- approach for a rostro-temporal basal meningioma in a cat. J Feline tion therapy of brain masses in dogs: a retrospective analysis of sur- Med Surg. 2009; 11: 510–513 vival of 83 cases (1991–1996). J Vet Int Med. 1999; 13: 408–412 [35] Forterre F, Kaiser S, Matiasek K et al.: Rückenmarkstumoren beim [13] Brehm DM, Vite CH, Steinberg HS et al.: A retrospective evalua- Hund: 33 Fälle (retrospektive Studie). Kleintierprax. 2002;47: 357– tion of 51 cases of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in the dog. Am 364 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1995; 31: 349–359 [36] Forterre F, Matiasek K, Schmahl W et al.: Periphere Nervener- [14] Brellou G, Papaioannou N, Patsikas M et al.: Vertebral telangiec- krankungen: Teil III: periphere Nerventumoren bei Hund und Katze: tatic osteosarcoma in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2004; 33: 159–162 retrospektive Studie über 17 Fälle. Kleintierprax. 2004; 49: 11–18 [15] Brewer DM, Cerda-Gonzalez S, Dewey CW et al.: Spinal cord [37] Forterre F, Spreng D, Rytz U et al.: Thoracolumbar dorsolateral nephroblastoma in dogs: 11 cases (1985–2007). J Am Vet Med laminectomy with osteotomy of the spinous process in fourteen Assoc. 2011; 238: 618–624 dogs. Vet Surg. 2007; 36: 458–463 [16] Cantile C, Campani D, Menicagli M et al.: Pathological and immu- [38] Forterre F, Tomek A, Konar M et al.: Multiple meningiomas: clini- nohistochemical studies of choroid plexus carcinoma of the dog. J cal, radiological, surgical, and pathological findings with outcome in Comp Pathol. 2002; 126: 183–193 four cats. J Fel Med Surg. 2007; 9: 36–43 [17] Cervera V, Mai W, Vite CH et al.: Comparative magnetic reso- [39] Foster ES, Carrillo JM, Patnaik AK: Clinical signs of tumors affec- nance imaging findings between gliomas and presumed cerebro- ting the rostral cerebrum in 43 dogs. J Vet Int Med. 1988; 2: 71–74 vascular accidents in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2011; 52: 33–40 [40] Fuchs C, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Wohlsein P et al: Computertomo- [18] Chandra AM, Ginn PE: Primary malignant histiocytosis of the brain graphische Charakteristika primärer Gehirntumoren von Hund und in a dog. J Comp Pathol. 1999; 121: 77–82 Katze. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003; 116: 436–442 [19] Cherubini GB, Mantis P, Martinez TA et al.: Utility of magnetic [41] Fulton LM, Steinberg HS: Preliminary study of lomustine in the resonance imaging for distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplas- treatment of intracranial masses in dogs following localization by tic brain lesions in dogs and cats. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 46: imaging techniques. Sem Vet Med Surg Sm Anim. 1990; 5: 241– 384–387 245 [20] Chijiwa K, Uchida K, Tateyama S: Immunohistochemical evalua- [42] Fusco JV, Hohenhaus AE, Aiken SW et al.: Autologous blood col- tion of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors and other soft tissue lection and transfusion in cats undergoing partial craniectomy. J sarcomas. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 307–318 Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 216: 1584–1588 [21] Chrisman CL: Electromyography in the localization of spinal cord [43] Gallagher JG, Berg J, Knowles KE et al.: Prognosis after surgical and nerve root neoplasia in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. excision of cerebral meningiomas in cats: 17 cases (1986—1992). J 1975; 166: 1074–1079 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 1437–1440 [22] Cook JR: Chemotherapy for brain tumors. Vet Med Report. 1990; 2: [44] Gallagher JG, Penninck D, Boudrieau RJ et al.: Ultrasonography of 391–396 the brain and vertebral canal in dogs and cats: 15 cases (1988– 1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: 1320–1324

[45] Gandini G, Gentilini F, Cimatti L et al.: Evaluation of the clinical [68] Koestner A, Higgins RJ: Tumors of the nervous system. In: Meuten signs and computed tomographic findings in 27 dogs with intracra- DJ: Tumors in domestic animals. 4. Auflg. Iowa State Press, Ames, nial space-occupying lesions (1999–2000). Vet Res Commun. 2003; 2002; 697–738 27 (Suppl 1): 399–401 [69] Kostolich M, Dulisch ML: A surgical approach to the canine olfac- [46] Gordon LE, Thacher C, Matthiesen DT et al.: Results of craniotomy tory bulb for meningioma removal. Vet Surg. 1987; 16: 273–277 for the treatment of cerebral meningioma in 42 cats. Vet Surg. [70] Kube SA, Bruyette DS, Hanson SM: Astrocytomas in young dogs. J 1994; 23: 94–100 Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2003; 39: 288–293 [47] Graham JP, Newell SN, Voges AK et al.: The dural tail sign in the [71] Lane SB, Kornegay JN, Duncan JR et al.: Feline spinal lymphosar- diagnosis of meningiomas. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1998; 39: 297– coma: A retrospective evaluation of 23 cats. J Vet Int Med. 1994; 8: 302 99–104 [48] Greco JJ., Aiken SA, Berg JM et al.: Evaluation of intracranial [72] Lester NV, Hopkins AL, Bova FJ et al.: Radiosurgery using a stereo- meningioma resection with a surgical aspirator in dogs: 17 cases tactic headframe system for irradiation of brain tumors in dogs. J (1996–2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 229: 394–400 Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 219: 1562–1567, 1550 [49] Gruber A, Kneissl S, Vidoni B et al.: Cervical spinal chordoma with [73] Levy MS, Mauldin G, Kapatkin AS et al.: Nonlymphoid vertebral – chondromatous component in a dog. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: 650 canal tumors in cats: 11 cases (1987–1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. Literaturverzeichnis 653 1997; 210: 663–664 [50] Harari J, Moore MM, Leathers CW et al.: Computed tomographic- [74] Levy MS, Kapatkin AS, Patnaik AK et al.: Spinal tumors in 37 guided, free-hand needle biopsy of brain tumors in dogs. Progr Vet dogs: clinical outcome and long-term survival (1987–1994). J Am Neurol. 1993; 4: 41–44 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 307–312 [51] Hayes Jr HM, Priester WA, Pendergrass TW: Occurrence of ner- [75] Liebel F-X, Rossmeisl JH, Lanz OI et al.: Canine spinal nephroblas- vous-tissue tumors in cattle, horses, cats and dogs. Int J Cancer. toma: Long-term outcomes associated with treatment of 10 cases 1975; 15: 39–47 (1996–2009). Vet Surg. 2011; 40: 244–252 [52] Hecht S, Adams WH: MRI of brain disease in veterinary patients [76] Linzmann H, Brunnberg L, Gruber AD et al.: A neurotropic lym- part 2: Acquired brain disorders. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim phoma in the brachial plexus of a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2009; 11: Pract. 2010; 40: 39–63 522–524 [53] Heidner GL, Kornegay JN, Page RL et al.: Analysis of survival in a [77] Lipsitz D, Higgins RJ, Kortz GD et al.: Glioblastoma multiforme: cli- retrospective study of 86 dogs with brain tumors. J Vet Int Med. nical findings, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathology in five 1991; 5: 219–226 dogs. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 659–669 [54] Hoffman A, Blocker T, Dubielzig R et al.: Feline periocular peri- [78] Lu D, Pocknell A, Lamb CR et al.: Concurrent benign and malig- pheral nerve sheath tumor: a case series. Vet Ophthalmol. 2005; 8: nant multiple meningiomas in a cat: clinical, MRI and pathological 153–158 findings. Vet Rec. 2003; 152: 780–782 [55] Ide T, Uchida K, Kagawa Y et al.: Pathological and immunohisto- [79] Luttgen PJ, Braund KG, Brawner Jr. WR et al.: A retrospective chemical features of subdural histiocytic sarcomas in 15 dogs. J Vet study of twenty-nine spinal tumors in the dog and cat. J Small Anim Diagn Invest. 2011; 23: 127–132 Pract. 1980; 21: 213–226 [56] Ide T, Uchida K, Kikuta F et al.: Immunohistochemical characteri- [80] Luttgen PJ: Neoplasms of the spine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim zation of canine neuroepithelial tumors. Vet Pathol. 2010; 47: 741– Pract. 1992; 22: 973–984 750 [81] Mackenzie GB, Bellah JR, Threatte RM: What is your diagnosis? [57] Jeffery N, Brearley MJ: Brain tumors in the dog: treatment of 10 Hemangiosarcoma of the cervical vertebrae. J Am Vet Med Assoc. cases and review of recent literature. J Small Anim Pract. 1993; 34: 2003; 222: 1075–1076 367–372 [82] Macri NP, Van Alstine W, Coolman RA: Canine spinal nephroblas- [58] Johnson GC: Genesis and pathology of tumors of the nervous sys- toma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1997; 33: 302–306 tem. Sem Vet Med Surg Sm Anim. 1990; 5: 210–222 [83] Mamom T, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Hewicker-Trautwein M et al.: [59] Jones BR, Alley MR, Johnstone AC et al.: Nerve sheath tumours in Oligodendroglioma in the cervical spinal cord of a dog. Vet Pathol. the dog and cat. N Z Vet J. 1995; 43: 190–196 2004; 41: 524–526 [60] Jung DI, Kim HJ, Park C et al.: Long-term chemotherapy with [84] Marioni-Henry K: Feline spinal cord diseases. Vet Clin North Am lomustine of intracranial meningioma occurring in a miniature Small Anim Pract. 2010; 40: 1011–1128 schnauzer. J Vet Med Sci. 2006; 68: 383–386 [85] Marioni-Henry K, Van Winkle TJ, Smith SH et al.: Tumors affec- [61] Kelly DF: Neuroblastoma in the dog. J Pathol. 1975; 116: 209–212 ting the spinal cord of cats: 85 cases (1980–2005). J Am Vet Med [62] Kent MS, Bommarito D, Feldman E et al.: Survival, neurologic res- Assoc. 2008; 232: 237–243 ponse, and prognostic factors in dogs with pituitary masses treated [86] Marioni-Henry K, Vite CH, Newton AL et al.: Prevalence of disea- with radiation therapy and untreated dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; ses of the spinal cord of cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 851–858 21: 1027–1033 [87] Mazur WJ, Lazar T: What is your diagnosis? Chondrosarcoma. J Am [63] Khachatryan AR, Wills TB, Potter KA: What is your diagnosis? Ver- Vet Med Assoc. 2005; 226: 1301–1302 tebral mass in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 257–260 [88] McConnell JF, Garosi LS, Dennis R et al.: Imaging of a spinal neph- [64] Kim HJ, Chang HS, Choi CB et al.: Infiltrative lipoma in cervical roblastoma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 537–541 bones in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2005; 67: 1043–1046 [89] McDonnell JJ, Tidwell AS, Faissler D et al.: Magnetic resonance [65] Kraft S, Ehrhart EJ, Gall D et al.: Magnetic resonance imaging cha- imaging features of cervical spinal cord meningiomas. Vet Radiol racteristics of peripheral nerve sheath tumors of the canine brachial Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 368–374 plexus in 18 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 1–7 [90] Meinecke JE, Hobbie WVJ, Hardy WD: Lymphoreticular malignan- [66] Kraft SL, Gavin PR, DeHaan C et al.: Retrospective review of 50 cies in the cat: clinical findings. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1979; 160: canine intracranial tumors evaluated by magnetic resonance ima- 1093–1099 ging. J Vet Int Med. 1997; 11: 218–225 [91] Mellanby RJ, Jeffery ND, Baines EA et al.: Magnetic resonance [67] Koblik PD, LeCouteur RA, Higgins RJ et al.: CT-guided brain bio- imaging in the diagnosis of lymphoma involving the brachial plexus psy using a modified Pelorus Mark III stereotactic system: expe- in a cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2003; 44: 522–525 rience with 50 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1999; 40: 434–440

[92] Mellor PJ, Polton GA, Brearley M et al.: Solitary plasmacytoma of [114] Sale CS, Skerritt GC, Smith KC: Spinal nephroblastoma in a cross- bone in two successfully treated cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: breed dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2004; 45: 267–271 72–77 [115] Sarfaty D, Carrillo JM, Peterson ME: Neurologic, endocrinologic, [93] Michimae Y, Morita T, Sunagawa Y et al.: Anaplastic ependy- and pathologic findings associated with large pituitary tumors in moma in the cervical spinal cord of a Maltese dog. J Vet Med Sci. dogs: (1976–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 854–856 2004; 66: 1155–1158 [116] Schöniger S, Summers BA: Localized, plexiform, diffuse, and other [94] Moissonnier P, Blot S, Devauchelle P et al.: Stereotactic CT-gui- variants of neurofibroma in 12 dogs, 2 horses, and a chicken. Vet ded brain biopsy in the dog. J Small Anim Pract. 2002; 43: 115–123 Pathol. 2009; 46: 904–915 [95] Montoliu P, Añor S, Vidal E et al.: Histological and immunohisto- [117] Schulman FY, Johnson TO, Facemire PR et al.: Feline peripheral chemical study of 30 cases of canine meningioma. J Comp Pathol. nerve sheath tumors: histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinico- 2006; 135: 200–207 pathologic correlation (59 tumors in 53 cats). Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: [96] Morgan LW, Toal R, Siemering G et al.: Imaging diagnosis–infiltra- 1166–1180 tive lipoma causing spinal cord compression in a dog. Vet Radiol [118] Schultz RM, Puchalski SM, Kent M et al.: Skeletal lesions of histio- Ultrasound. 2007; 48: 35–37 cytic sarcoma in nineteen dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: [97] Nakaichi M, Taura Y, Nakama S et al.: Primary brain tumors in 539–543 two dogs treated by surgical resection in combination with post- [119] Sessums K, Mariani C: Intracranial meningioma in dogs and cats: a operative radiation therapy. J Vet Med Sci. 1996; 58: 773–775 comparative review. Compend Contin Educ Vet. 2009; 31: 330–339 [98] Negrin A, Schatzberg S, Platt SR: The paralyzed cat. Neuroanato- [120] Shores A: Intracranial surgery. In: Slatter DD (Hrsg.): Textbook of mic diagnosis and specific spinal cord diseases. J Feline Med Surg. Small Animal Surgery. 2. Aufl., WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia 1993; 2009; 11: 361–372 1122–1135 [99] Niebauer GW, Habil MV, Dayrell BL et al.: Evaluation of cranio- [121] Siegel S, Kornegay JN, Thrall DE: Postoperative irradiation of spinal tomy in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 89–95 cord tumors in 9 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1996; 37: 150–153 [100] Obermaier G: Beitrag zur Klassifizierung und zum „Grading“ der [122] Singh M, Foster DJ, Child G et al.: Inflammatory cerebrospinal Gliome des Boxerhundes nach neurohistologischen und immunhis- fluid analysis in cats: clinical diagnosis and outcome. J Feline Med tologischen Kriterien. Diss med vet., München 1991 Surg. 2005; 7: 77–93 [101] OʼDriscoll JL, McDonnell JJ: What is your neurologic diagnosis? [123] Snyder JM, Shofer FS, Van Winkle TJ et al.: Canine intracranial pri- Infiltrative lipoma of the thoracic spinal cord. J Am Vet Med Assoc. mary neoplasia: 173 cases (1986–2003). J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 2006; 229: 933–935 20: 669–675 [102] Palmer AC, Malinowski W, Barnett KC: Clinical signs including [124] Snyder JM, Lipitz L, Skorupski KA et al.: Secondary intracranial papilloedema associated with brain tumors in twenty-one dogs. J neoplasia in the dog: 177 cases (1986–2003). J Vet Intern Med. Small Anim Pract. 1974; 15: 359–386 2008; 22: 172–177 [103] Pastorello A, Constantino-Casas F, Archer J: Choroid plexus carci- [125] Spodnick GJ, Berg J, Moore FM et al.: Spinal lymphoma in cats: 21 noma cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of a Staffordshire Bull Terrier. cases (1976–1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 373–376 Vet Clin Pathol. 2010; 39: 505–510 [126] Spugnini EP, Thrall DE, Price GS et al.: Primary irradiation of [104] Pearson GR, Gregory SP, Charles AK: Immunohistochemical canine intracranial masses. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2000; 41: 377– demonstration of Wilms tumour gene product WT1 in a canine 380 “neuroepithelioma” providing evidence for its classification as an [127] Stigen O, Ytrehus B, Eggertsdottir AV: Spinal cord astrocytoma in extrarenal nephroblastoma. J Comp Pathol. 1997; 116: 321–327 a cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; 42: 306–310 [105] Peters M, Gaßner G, Zander S et al.: Zerebelläre Ataxie durch ein [128] Stoica G, Levine J, Wolff J et al.: Canine astrocytic tumors: a com- Medulloblastom bei einem jungen Rottweiler. Tierärztl Prax. 1999; parative review. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 266–275 27 (K): 172–176 [129] Stoica G, Kim HT, Hall DG et al.: Morphology, immunohistochem- [106] Petersen SA, Sturges BK, Dickinson PJ et al.: Canine intraspinal istry, and genetic alterations in dog astrocytomas. Vet Pathol. 2004; meningiomas: imaging features, histopathologic classification, and 41: 10–19 long-term outcome in 34 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 946–953 [130] Stoica G, Tasca SI, Kim HT: Point mutation of neu oncogene in ani- [107] Platt SR, Alleman AR, Lanz OL et al.: Comparison of fine-needle mal peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Vet Pathol. 2001; 38: 679–688 aspiration and surgical-tissue biopsy in the diagnosis of canine brain [131] Strain GM: Indicators of brain mass-induced herniation. Vet J. 2006; tumors.Vet Surg. 2002; 31: 65–69 172: 198–199 [108] Polizopoulou ZS, Koutinas AF, Souftas VD et al.: Diagnostic corre- [132] Sturges BK, Dickinson PJ, Bollen AW et al.: Magnetic resonance lation of CT-MRI and histopathology in 10 dogs with brain neo- imaging and histological classification of intracranial meningiomas plasms. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2004; 51: 226–231 in 112 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 586–595 [109] Ródenas S, Pumarola M, Añor S: Imaging diagnosis–cervical spine [133] Sumner JP, Simpson DJ: Surgical management of a recurrent spinal chondroma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2008; 49: 464–466 meningioma in a cat. Aust Vet J. 2007; 85: 276–280 [110] Ródenas S, Pumarola M, Gaitero L et al.: Magnetic resonance ima- [134] Suzuki M, Uchida K, Morozumi M et al.: A comparative pathologi- ging findings in 40 dogs with histologically confirmed intracranial cal study on granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis and central tumours. Vet J. 2011; 187: 85–91 malignant histiocytosis in dogs. J Vet Med Sci. 2003; 65: 1319– [111] Rodenas S, Valin I, Devauchelle P et al.: Combined use of surgery 1324 and radiation in the treatment of an intradural myxoid liposarcoma [135] Tamura S, Tamura Y, Ohoka A et al.: A canine case of skull base in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2006; 42: 386–391 meningioma treated with hydroxyurea. J Vet Med Sci. 2007; 69: [112] Rossmeisl JH Jr, Lanz OI, Waldron DR et al.: Surgical cytoreduction 1313–1315 for the treatment of non-lymphoid vertebral and spinal cord neo- [136] Taylor SS, Goodfellow MR, Browne WJ et al.: Feline extranodal plasms in cats: retrospective evaluation of 26 cases (1990–2005). lymphoma: response to chemotherapy and survival in 110 cats. J Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 41–50 Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 584–592 [113] Rudich SR, Feeney DA, Anderson KL et al.: Computed tomogra- [137] Thio T, Hilbe M, Grest P et al.: Malignant histiocytosis of the brain phy of masses of the brachial plexus and contributing nerve roots in in three dogs. J Comp Pathol. 2006; 134: 241–244 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004; 45: 46–50

aus: Kessler, Kleintieronkologie (ISBN 9783830411376) © 2013 Enke Verlag Literaturverzeichnis 127 [138] Thomas WB, Wheeler SJ, Kramer R et al.: Magnetic resonance 30 Tumoren der Augen und Augenadnexen imaging features of primary brain tumors in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultra- sound. 1996; 37: 20–27 [1] Aleksanderson M, Bjerkås E, Heiene R et al.: Malignant teratoid [139] Tomek A, Cizinauskas S, Doherr M et al.: Intracranial neoplasia in medulloepithelioma with brain and kidney involvement in a dog. 61 cats: localisation, tumour types and seizure patterns. J Feline Vet Ophthalmol. 2004; 7: 407–411 Med Surg. 2006; 8: 243–253 [2] Allgoewer I, Frieling E, Fritzsche J et al.: Das chorioidale Melanom [140] Troxel MT, Vite CH, Massicotte C et al.: Magnetic resonance ima- beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 2000; 45: 361–369 ging features of feline intracranial neoplasia: retrospective analysis [3] Allgoewer I, Stockhaus C, Schäffer EH: Malignes Lymphom mit of 46 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: 176–189 okularer Manifestation bei einem Hund. Tierärztl Prax. 2003; 31: [141] Troxel MT, Vite CH, Van Winkle TJ et al.: Feline intracranial neo- 124–125 plasia: retrospective review of 160 cases (1985–2001). J Vet Intern [4] Andrew SE: Orbital neurofibrosarcoma in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. Med. 2003; 17: 850–859 1999; 2: 141–145 [142] Turrel JM, Fike JR, LeCouteur RA et al.: Radiotherapy of brain [5] Aquino SM: Management of eyelid neoplasms in the dog and cat. tumors in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 82–86 Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 2007; 2: 46–54

[143] Ueno H, Morimoto M, Kobayashi Y et al.: Surgical and radiothe- [6] Attali-Soussay K, Jegou JP, Clerc B: Retrobulbar tumors in dogs Literaturverzeichnis rapy treatment of a spinal cord ependymoma in a dog. Aust Vet J. and cats: 25 cases. Vet Ophthalmol. 2001; 4: 19–27 – 2006; 84: 36 39 [7] Barnett KC, Crispin SM: Feline ophthalmology – An Atlas & Text. [144] Vandevelde M: Brain tumors in domestic animals: an overview. W.B. Saunders Co., London 1998; S. 38–43, 52–54, 58–60, 67–68, Proc. Conference on Brain Tumors in Man and Animals: Research 79–82, 125–126, 131, 140–142, 166–167 Triangle Park, North Carolina 1984 [8] Barsotti G, Marchetti V, Abramo F: Primary conjunctival mast cell [145] Vandevelde M, Fatzer R, Fankhauser R: Immunohistological stu- tumor in a Labrador Retriever. Vet Ophthalmol. 2007; 10: 60–64 dies on primary reticulosis of canine brain. Vet Pathol. 1981; 18, [9] Bauer GA, Spiess BM, Lutz H: Exfoliative cytology of conjunctiva – 577 588 and cornea in domestic animals: a comparison of four collecting [146] Vandevelde M, Richard A, Fankhauser R: Examination of cerebro- techniques. Vet Comp Ophthalmol. 1996; 6: 181–186 spinal fluid in neurologically ill dogs and cats. Schweiz Arch Tier- [10] Beltran WA, Colle MA, Boulouha L, et al.: A case of orbital heman- – heilkd. 1987; 129: 443 456 giopericytoma in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2001; 4: 255–259 [147] Veraa S, Dijkman R, Meij BP et al.: Comparative imaging of spinal [11] Bernays ME, Flemming D, Peiffer RL Jr: Primary corneal papilloma – extradural lymphoma in a Bordeaux dog. Can Vet J. 2010; 51: 519 and squamous cell carcinoma associated with pigmentary keratitis 521 in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 215–217 [148] Vural SA, Besalti O, Ilhan F et al.: Ventricular ependymoma in a [12] Bertoy RW, Brightman AH, Regan K: Intraocular melanoma with – German Shepherd dog. Vet J. 2006; 172: 185 187 multiple metastases in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 192: 87– [149] Wall M, Platt S, Selcer B et al.: Multifocal spinal papillary menin- 89 – gioma in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005; 46: 309 312 [13] Billson FM, Mould JRB, Lee WR: Myxoid leiomyoma of the iris in a [150] Walmsley GL, Herrtage ME, Dennis R et al.: The relationship be- dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003; 6: 173–176 tween clinical signs and brain herniation associated with rostroten- [14] Bonney CH, Koch SA, Dice PF et al.: Papillomatosis of conjunctiva – torial mass lesions in the dog. Vet J. 2006; 172: 258 264 and adnexa in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 176: 48–51 [151] Watrous BJ, Lipscomb TP, Heidel JR et al.: Malignant peripheral [15] Boscos CM, Ververidis HN: Ocular involvement of transmissible – nerve sheath tumor in a cat. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 1999; 40: 638 venereal tumor in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 1998; 1: 167–170 640 [16] Buchholz J, Walt H, Fidel J: Photodynamische Therapie beim feli- [152] Wessmann A, Volk HA, Chandler K et al.: Significance of surface nen Plattenepithelkarzinom sowie bei verschiedenen kaninen epithelial cells in canine cerebrospinal fluid and relationship to cent- Tumoren. Kleintierprax. 2003; 48: 405–418 ral nervous system disease. Vet Clin Pathol. 2010; 39: 358–364 [17] Buxbaum A, Kirtz G, Leidinger E: Multizentrisches malignes Lym- [153] Westworth DR, Dickinson PJ, Vernau W et al.: Choroid plexus phom mit konjunktivaler Manifestation bei einer Katze. Kleintier- – – tumors in 56 dogs (1985 2007). J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 1157 prax. 2000; 45: 699–705 1165 [18] Cantaloube B, Raymond-Letron I, Regnier A: Multiple eyelid apoc- [154] Wisner ER, Dickinson PJ, Higgins RJ: Magnetic resonance imaging rine hidrocystomas in two Persian cats. Vet Ophthalmol. 2004; 7: features of canine intracranial neoplasia. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 121–125 2011; 52 (Suppl 1): S52–61 [19] Cassotis NJ, Dubielzig RR, Gilger BC et al.: Angioinvasive pulmo- [155] Woo GH, Bak EJ, Lee YW et al.: Cervical chondroid chordoma in a nary carcinoma with posterior segment metastasis in four cats. Vet – Shetland sheep dog. J Comp Pathol. 2008; 138: 218 223 Ophthalmol. 1999; 2: 125–131 [156] Yamauchi A, Ohta T, Okada T et al.: Secondary erythrocytosis [20] Clerc B: Surgery and chemotherapy for the treatment of adenocar- associated with schwannoma in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. 2004; 66: cinoma of the iris and ciliary body in five dogs. Vet Comp Ophthal- – 1605 1608 mol. 1996; 6: 265–270 [157] Young BD, Levine JM, Porter BF et al.: Magnetic resonance ima- [21] Clerc B, Krähenmann A: Augenheilkunde Hund und Katze. Paul ging features of intracranial astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas Parey, Berlin-Hamburg 1990 in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2011; 52: 132–141 [22] Collins BK, Collier LL, Miller MA et al.: Biologic behavior and histo- [158] Zaki FA, Hurvitz AI: Spontaneous neoplasms of the central nervous logic characteristics of canine conjunctival melanoma. Prog Vet – system of the cat. J Small Anim Pract. 1976; 17: 773 782 Comp Ophthalmol. 1993; 3: 135–140 [159] Zaki FA: Spontaneous central nervous system tumors in the dog. [23] Cook CS: Diode laser treatment of canine iris melanoma. Proc. 27th – Vet Clin North Am. 1977; 7: 153 163 Ann Meet. ACVO 1996; 27 [160] Zimmerman K, Almy F, Carter L et al.: Cerebrospinal fluid from a [24] Cook CS, Rosenkrantz W, Peiffer RL et al.: Malignant melanoma – 10 year-old dog with a single seizure episode. Vet Clin Pathol. of the conjunctiva in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 186: 505– – 2006; 35: 127 131 506

[25] Cook CS, Wilkie DA: Treatment of presumed iris melanoma in [48] Hagard GM: Eyelid reconstruction using a split eyelid flap after exci- dogs by diode laser photocoagulation: 23 cases. Vet Ophthalmol. sion of a palpebral tumor in a Persian cat. J Small Anim Pract. 2005; 1999; 2: 217–225 8: 389–392 [26] Corcoran KA, Peiffer RL, Koch SA: Histopathologic features of [49] Hargis AM, Lee AC, Thomassen RW: Tumor and tumorlike lesions feline ocular lymphosarcoma: 49 cases (1978–1992). Vet Comp of perilimbal conjunctiva in laboratory dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. Ophthalmol. 1995; 5: 35–41 1978; 173: 1185–1190 [27] Day MJ, Lucke VM: Melanocytic neoplasia in the cat. J Small Anim [50] Harris BP, Dubielzig RR: Atypical primary ocular melanoma in cats. Pract. 1995; 36: 207–213 Vet Ophthalmol. 1999; 2: 121–124 [28] Donaldson D, Sansom J, Scase T et al.: Canine limbal melanoma: [51] Headrick JF, Bentley E, Dubielzig RR: Canine lobular orbital ade- 30 cases (1992–2004). Part 1. Signalment, clinical and histological noma: a report of 15 cases with distinctive features. Vet Ophthal- features and pedigree analysis. Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 115–119 mol. 2004; 7: 47–51 [29] Donaldson D, Sansom J, Adams V: Canine limbal melanoma: 30 [52] Heath S, Rankin AJ, Dubielzig RR: Primary ocular osteosarcoma in cases (1992–2004). Part 2. Treatment with lamellar resection and a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003; 6: 85–87 adjunctive strontium-90β plesiotherapy – efficacy and morbidity. [53] Hoffman A, Blocker T, Dubielzig R et al.: Feline periocular peri- Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 179–185 pheral nerve sheath tumor: a case series. Vet Ophthalmol. 2005; 8: [30] Dubielzig RR: Ocular neoplasia in small animals. Vet Clin North Am 153–158 Small Anim Pract. 1990; 20: 837–848 [54] Hoffmann I, Köstlin R: Die sonographische Untersuchung des vor- [31] Dubielzig RR: Ocular sarcoma following trauma in three cats. J Am deren Augenabschnittes beim Kleintier. Teil 1: Untersuchungstech- Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 578–581 nik und echographische Normalbefunde. Tierärztl Prax. 2004; 32: [32] Dubielzig RR, Aguirre GD, Gross SL, et al.: Choroidal melanomas 175–179 in dogs. Vet Pathol. 1985; 22: 582–585 [55] Hoffmann I, Schäffer E, Reese S et al.: Die sonographische Unter- [33] Dubielzig RR, Chappell RJ, Kalishman JB et al.: Survival in cats suchung des vorderen Augenabschnittes beim Kleintier. Teil 2: with diffuse iris melanoma: a matched observational study. Proc. Pathologische Befunde. Tierärztl Prax. 2004; 32: 238–246 28th Ann Meet ACVO 1997; 5–8 [56] Hogan RN, Albert DM: Does retinoblastoma occur in animals? Prog [34] Dubielzig RR, Everitt J, Shadduck JA et al.: Clinical and morpholo- Vet Comp Ophthalmol. 1991; 1: 73–82 gic features of post-traumatic ocular sarcomas in cats. Vet Pathol. [57] Holt E, Goldschmidt MH, Skorupski K: Extranodal conjunctival 1990; 27: 62–65 Hodgkin’s-like lymphoma in a cat. Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 141– [35] Dubielzig RR, Hawkins KL, Toy KA et al.: Morphologic features of 144 feline ocular sarcomas in 10 cats: Light microscopy, ultrastructure, [58] Jensen OA, Kaarsholm S, Prause JU et al.: Neuroepithelial tumor and immunohistochemistry. Vet Comp Ophthalmol. 1994; 4: 7–12 of the retina in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003; 6: 57–60 [36] Eberle N, Simon D, Höinghaus R et al.: Konjunktivaler Mastzell- [59] Kalishman JB, Chappell R, Flood LA et al.: A matched observatio- tumor bei einem Golden Retriever – Ein Fallbericht. Tierärztl Prax. nal study of survival in cats with enucleation due to diffuse iris mela- 2006; 34: 245–252 noma. Vet Ophthalmol. 1998; 1: 25–29 [37] Featherstone HJ, Renwick P, Heinrich CL, et al.: Efficacy of lamel- [60] Kanei K, Kanemaki N, Matsuo S et al.: Excision of a feline limbal lar resection, cryotherapy, and adjunctive grafting for the treatment melanoma and use of nictitans cartilage to repair the resulting cor- of canine limbal melanoma. Vet Ophthalmol. 2009; 12 Suppl 1: 65– neoscleral defect. Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 255–258 72 [61] Kern TJ: Orbital neoplasia in 23 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; [38] Funke K: Zur vergleichenden Ophthalmopathologie des primär-int- 186: 489–491 raokulären malignen Melanoms beim Haustier. Diss med vet, Mün- [62] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Intraokuläre Tumoren bei Katzen (n = chen-Neuherberg, 1984 57). unveröffentlicht, 1997 [39] Gelatt, KN (Hrsg): Veterinary Ophthalmology. 2. Aufl. Lea & [63] Kirschner SE, Niyo Y, Hill BL et al.: Blindness in a dog with IgA- Febiger, Philadelphia-London 1991 forming myeloma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 349–350 [40] Gelatt KN (Hrsg.): Veterinary Ophthalmology. 4. Aufl. Ames: Black- [64] Klosterman E, Colitz CMH, Chandler HL et al.: Immunohistoche- well Publishing; 2007 mical properties of ocular adenomas, adenocarcinomas and medul- [41] Gelatt KN, Gelatt JP: Handbook of small animal surgery. Band 1. loepitheliomas. Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 387–394 Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford 1994 [65] Labelle P, Holmberg BJ: Ocular myxoid leiomyosarcoma in a cat. [42] Gelatt KN, Gelatt JP: Handbook of small animal surgery. Band 2. Vet Ophthalmol. 2010; 1: 58–62 Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford 1995 [66] Larocca RD: Eosinophilic conjunctivitis, herpes virus and mast cell [43] Gelatt KN, Gelatt JP: Small Animal Ophthalmic Surgery. Oxford: tumor of the third eyelid in a cat. Vet Ophthalmol. 2000; 3: 221– Butterworth-Heinemann; 200 225 [44] Gilger BC, McLaughlin SA, Whitley RD et al.: Orbital neoplasms in [67] Lassaline ME, Gelatt KN, Brooks DE et al.: Orbitotomie for retro- cats: 21 cases (1974–1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: bulbar malignant fibrous histiocytoma in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 1083–1086 2005; 8: 1–6 [45] Gilger BC, Whitley RD, McLaughlin SA: Modified lateral orbito- [68] Latimer KS, Kaswan RL, Sundberg JP: Corneal squamous cell carci- tomy for removal of orbital neoplasms in two dogs. Vet Surg. 1994; noma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 1430–1432 23: 53–58 [69] Lewin G: Eyelid reconstruction in seven dogs using a split eyelid [46] Giuliano EA, Chappell R, Fischer B et al.: A matched observational flap. J Small Anim Pract. 2003; 8: 346–351 study of canine survival with primary intraocular melanocytic neo- [70] Liapis IK, Genovese L: Hemangiosarcoma of the third eyelid in a plasia. Vet Ophthalmol. 1999; 2: 185–190 dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2004; 7: 279–282 [47] Grahn BH, Peiffer RL, Cullen CL et al.: Classification of feline int- [71] Liman I, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Eberle N et al.: Diagnostik und The- raocular neoplasms based on morphology, histochemical staining, rapieverlauf eines kaninen malignen multizentrischen Lymphoms and immunhistochemical labelling. Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 395– mit Augenbeteiligung – Ein Fallbericht. Tierärztl Prax. 2006; 34: 403 341–346

[72] Lohmann B, Hertslet S, Hetzel U et al.: Malignes Hornhautmela- [96] Pirie CG, Knollinger AM, Thomas CB et al.: Canine conjunctival nom bei einem Europäischen Kurzhaarkater. Kleintierprax. 2000; hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma: a retrospective evaluation of 45: 543–549 108 cases (1989–2004). Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 215–226 [73] Martin CL: Ophthalmic Disease in Veterinary Medicine. London: [97] Radi ZA, Miller DL, Nines II ME: B-cell conjunctival lymphoma in a Manson Publishing Ltd; 2005 cat. Vet Ophthalmol. 2004; 7: 413–415 [74] Martin CL: Augenkrankheiten bei Hund und Katze (Pferd, Wieder- [98] Rapp E: Histopathologische Befunde zur Augenmanifestation der käuer). Deutsche Bearbeitung: Rosenhagen CU, Schaper, Alfeld- Katzenleukose. Wien Tierärztl Mschr. 1991; 79: 197–201 Hannover 1995 [99] Render JA, Ramsey DT, Ramsey CC: Contralateral uveal metastasis [75] Martin CL: Canine epibulbar melanomas and their management. J of malignant anterior uveal melanoma in a dog. Vet Comp Ophthal- Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 83–90 mol. 1997; 7: 263–266 [76] Mauldin EA, Deehr AJ, Hertzke D et al.: Canine orbital meningio- [100] Richter M, Stankeova S, Hauser B: Myxosarcoma in the eye and mas: a review of 22 cases. Vet Ophthalmol. 2000; 3: 11–16 brain in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003; 6: 183–189 [77] McCalla TL, Moore CP: Exophthalmos in dogs and cats. Part I. ana- [101] Roperto F, Restucci B, Crovace A: Bilateral ciliary body melanomas tomics and diagnostic considerations. In: The Compendium collec- in a dog. Prog Vet Comp Ophthalmol. 1993; 3: 149–151

tion-ophthalmology in small animal practice. Veterinary Learning [102] Rovesti GL, Guandalini A, Peiffer R: Suspected latent vertebral Literaturverzeichnis Systems, Trenton, New Jersey 1996; 5: 122–140 metastasis of uveal melanoma in a dog: a case report. Vet Ophthal- [78] McLaughlin SA, Ramsey DT, Lindley DM et al.: Intraocular silicone mol. 2001; 4: 75–77 prosthesis implantation in eyes of dogs and a cat with intraocular [103] Rühli MB, Spiess BM: Retrobulbäre Raumforderungen bei Hund neoplasia: nine cases (1983–1994). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; und Katze: Symptome und Diagnostik. Tierärztl Prax. 1995; 23: 207: 1441–1443 306–312 [79] Michau TM, Proulx DR, Rushton SD et al.: Intraocular extramedul- [104] Ryan AM, Diters RW: Clinical and pathologic features of canine lary plasmozytoma in a cat. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003; 6: 177–181 ocular melanomas. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 60–67 [80] Minami T, Patnaik AK: Malignant anterior uveal melanoma with [105] Sansom J, Barnett KC, Blunden AS et al.: Canine conjunctival pa- diffuse metastasis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: 1894– pilloma: A review of five cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1996; 37: 84–86 1896 [106] Sato T, Yamamoto A, Shibuya H et al.: Intraocular peripheral [81] Minamide S, Suzuki K: Corneal choristoma in a beagle dog. Aust nerve sheath tumor in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2005; 8: 283–286 Vet J. 1997; 75: 93–94 [107] Schäffer EH, Funke K: Das primär-intraokuläre maligne Melanom [82] Morgan RV, Ring RD, Ward DA et al.: Magnetic-resonance-ima- bei Hund und Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 1985; 13: 343–359 ging of ocular and orbital disease in 5 dogs and a cat. Vet Radiol Ult- [108] Schäffer EH, Gordon S: Das feline okuläre Melanom. Tierärztl Prax. rasound. 1996; 37: 185–192 1993; 21: 255–264 [83] Multari D, Vascellari M, Mutinelli F: Hemangiosarcoma of the [109] Schäffer EH, Josten M: Sekundär-intraokulare (metastatische) third eyelid in a cat. Vet Ophthalmol. 2002; 5: 273–276 Tumoren der Uvea. Klinische und ophthalmopathologische Befunde [84] Munger RJ, Gourley IM: Cross lid flap for repair of large upper eye- von 17 Fällen bei Hund, Katze und Kaninchen. Tierärztl Prax. 1999; lid defects. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981; 178: 45–48 27 (K): 39–46 [85] Naranjo C., Dubielzig RR, Friedrichs KR: Canine ocular histiocytic [110] Schäffer EH, Pfleghaar S, Gordon S et al.: Maligne Nickhauttumo- sarcoma. Vet Ophthalmol. 2007; 10: 179–185 ren bei Hund und Katze. Tierärztl Prax. 1994; 22: 382–391 [86] Nasisse MP, Davidson MG, Olivero DK et al.: Neodymium: YAG [111] Schäffer EH, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Marquart KH: Okulare Mani- laser treatment of primary canine intraocular tumors. Prog Vet festation der malignen Histiozytose beim Berner Sennenhund. Tier- Comp Ophthalmol. 1994; 4: 152–157 ärztl Prax. 2003; 31: 211–217 [87] Nell B, Suchy A: ‘D-shaped’ and ‘reverse-D-shaped’ pupil in a cat [112] Schäffer EH, Thyssen C: Adenom und Adenokarzinom des Iris- with lymphosarcoma. Vet Ophthalmol. 1998; 1: 53–56 Ziliarkörperepithels beim Hund. Tierärztl Prax. 1987; 15: 73–76 [88] Neumann W, Juchem R: Epibulbäres Melanom bei einer Katze. [113] Schäffer EH, Weber K, Pfleghaar S et al.: Das feline primär-intra- Tierärztl Prax. 1988; 16: 65–68 okuläre Sarkom. Tierärztl Prax. 1997; 25: 498–505 [89] Norman JC, Urbanz JL, Calvarese ST: Penetrating keratosclero- [114] Schiller I, Spiess BM, Pospischil A: Malignes Melanom bei zwei plasty and bimodal grafting for treatment of limbal melanocytoma Katzen. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1995; 137: 50–53 in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. 2008; 5: 340–345 [115] Schmidt V: Augenkrankheiten der Haustiere. 2. Aufl. Fischer, Jena [90] OʼBrien MG, Withrow SJ, Straw RC et al.: Total and partial orbitec- 1988; 66–69 tomy for the treatment of periorbital tumors in 24 dogs and 6 cats: [116] Schobert CS, Labelle P, Dubielzig RR: Feline conjunctival mela- a retrospective study. Vet Surg. 1996; 25: 471–479 noma: histopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes. Vet [91] Peiffer RL, Terrell T: Episcleral hemangioma in a dog. J Am Vet Ophthalmol. 2010; 1: 43–46 Med Assoc. 1978; 173: 1338–1314 [117] Spiess BM, Rühli MB, Bauer GA: Zur Therapie von retrobulbären [92] Pellicane CP, Meek LA, Brooks DE et al.: Eyelid reconstruction in 5 Neoplasien beim Kleintier. Tierärztl Prax. 1995; 23: 509–514. dogs by the semicircular flap technique. Vet Comp Ophthalmol. [118] Spiess BM, Wilcock BP: Glioma of the optic nerve with intraocular 1994; 4: 93–103 and intracranial involvement in a dog. J Comp Pathol. 1987; 97: 79– [93] Pereira JS, Silva ABF, Martins ALB et al.: Immunohistochemical 83 characterization of intraocular metastasis of a canine transmissible [119] Stades FC, Neumann W, Boevé MH et al. : Praktische Augenheil- venereal tumor. Vet Ophthalmol. 2000; 3: 43–47 kunde für den Tierarzt. 3. Aufl. Hannover: Schlütersche Verlagsge- [94] Peterhans E, Keller M: Plastische Chirurgie der Lider beim Kleintier. sellschaft; 2006: 27–29, 50–57, 70, 99–102, 122, 155, 169, 177, Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1986; 3: 141–150 184–186, 207, 231–232 [95] Pirie CG, Dubielzig RR: Feline conjunctival hemangioma and [120] Stades FC, Neumann W, Boeve MH et al.: Praktische Augenheil- hemangiosarcoma: a retrospective evaluation of eight cases (1993– kunde für den Tierarzt. Schlütersche, 1. Aufl. Hannover 1996; 2004). Vet Ophthalmol. 2006; 9: 227–231 S. 47–53, 85–88, 102–103, 126, 152–153, 169, 188

[121] Sullivan TC, Nasisse MP, Davidson MG et al.: Photocoagulation of [13] Faulkner JE, Budsberg SC: Results of ventral bulla osteotomy for limbal melanoma in dogs and cats: 15 cases (1989–1993). J Am Vet treatment of middle ear polyps in cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 891–894 1990; 26: 496–499 [122] Szymansky C, Boyce R, Wyman M: Transitional cell carcinoma of [14] Franc M, Guaguere E, Magnol JP et al.: Tumeurs du conduit auditif the urethra metastatic to the eyes in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. externe des carnivores. Rev Méd Vét. 1981; 132: 733–739 1984; 185: 1003–1004 [15] Gaag van der I: The pathology of the external ear canal in dogs and [123] Vascellari M, Multari D, Mutinelli F: Unicentric extranodal lym- cats. Vet Quart. 1986; 8: 307–317 phoma of the upper eylid conjunctiva in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol. [16] Garosi LS, Dennis R, Penderis J et al.: Results of magnetic reso- 2005; 8: 67–70 nance imaging in dogs with vestibular disorders: 85 cases (1996– [124] Virchow C: Zur Inzidenz, Differentialdiagnose und Prognose des iri- 1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2001; 218: 385–391 doziliaren Adenoms und Adenokarzinoms bei Hund, Katze und [17] Gotthelf LN: Entzündliche Polypen. In: Gotthelf LN (Hrsg.) Ohren- Kaninchen. Diss med vet, München 1996 erkrankungen der Kleintiere. Elsevier, Urban und Fischer, München, [125] Walde I, Rapp E: Das Glaukom der Katze – Klinische und morpholo- 2008; 342–343 gische Aspekte (retrospektive Studie an 38 Fällen). Wien Tierärztl [18] Hardie EM, Linder KE, Pease AP: Aural cholesteatoma in twenty Mschr. 1992; 79: 309–328 dogs. Vet Surg. 2008; 37: 763–770 [126] Ward DA, Latimer KS, Askren RM: Squamous cell carcinoma of [19] Harvey CE, Goldschmidt MH: Inflammatory polypoid growths in the corneoscleral limbus in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: the ear canal of cats. J Small Anim Pract. 1978; 19: 669–677 1503–1506 [20] Kessler M, von Bomhard D: Gehörkanaltumoren bei 73 Hunden [127] Weisse I, Stötzer H: Intraokuläres Melanom bei einem jungen Bea- und 124 Katzen (unveröffentlicht), 1998 gle. Berl Münch Tierärztl Wschr. 1971; 84: 328–330 [21] Kirpensteijn J: Aural Neoplasms. Sem Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). [128] Wilcock BP, Peiffer RL: Morphology and behavior of primary ocular 1993; 8: 17–23 melanomas in 91 dogs. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 418–424 [22] Klose TC, MacPhail CM, Schultheiss PC et al.: Prevalence of select [129] Wilcock BP, Peiffer RL: Adenocarcinoma of the gland of the third infectious agents in inflammatory aural and nasopharyngeal polyps eyelid in seven dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1988; 193: 1549–1550 from client-owned cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: 769–774 [130] Wilkie DA, Wolf ED: Treatment of epibulbar melanocytoma in a [23] Kudnig ST: Nasopharyngeal polyps in cats. Clin Tech Small Anim dog, using full-thickness eyewall resection and synthetic graft. J Am Pract. 2002; 17: 174–177 Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 1019–1022 [24] Lane IF, Hall DG: Adenocarcinoma of the middle ear with osteolysis [131] Wolfer J, Grahn B: Diagnostic ophthalmology. Amelanotic mela- of the tympanic bulla in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 201: noma in an 8-year-old cat. Can Vet J. 1995; 36: 518–519 463–465 [25] Lanz OI, Wood BC: Surgery of the ear and pinna. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2004; 34: 567–599, viii 31 Tumoren des Gehörkanals und Mittelohrs [26] Legendre AM, Krahwinkel DJ: Feline ear tumors. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 1035–1037 [1] Anders BB, Hoelzler MG, Scavelli TD et al.: Analysis of auditory [27] Little CJ, Lane JG, Gibbs C et al.: Inflammatory middle ear disease and neurologic effects associated with ventral bulla osteotomy for of the dog: the clinical and pathological features of cholesteatoma, removal of inflammatory polyps or nasopharyngeal masses in cats. J a complication of otitis media. Vet Rec. 1991; 128: 319–322 Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 233: 580–585 [28] Little CJL, Pearson GR, Lane JG: Neoplasia involving the middle ear [2] Anderson DM, Robinson RK, White RA: Management of inflam- cavity of dogs. Vet Rec. 1989; 124: 54–57 matory polyps in 37 cats. Vet Rec. 2000; 147: 684–687 [29] London CA, Dubielzig RR, Vail DM et al.: Evaluation of dogs and [3] Bacon NJ, Gilbert RL, Bostock DE et al.: Total ear canal ablation in cats with tumors of the ear canal: 145 cases (1978–1992). J Am Vet the cat: indications, morbidity and long-term survival. J Small Anim Med Assoc. 1996; 208: 1413–1418 Pract. 2003; 44: 430–434 [30] Lucroy MD, Vernau KM, Samii VF et al.: Middle ear tumours with [4] Baker G: Nasopharyngeal polyps in cats. Vet Rec. 1982; 111: 43 brainstem extension treated by ventral bulla osteotomy and crani- [5] Bischoff MG, Kneller SK: Diagnostic imaging of the canine and ectomy in two cats. Vet Comp Oncol. 2004; 2: 234–242 feline ear. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2004; 34: 437–458 [31] Marino DJ, MacDonald JM, Matthiesen DT et al.: Results of sur- [6] Colcuc M, Degasperi B, Alton K: Ohrpolypen der Katze: zwei Fall- gery and long-term follow-up in dogs with ceruminous gland ade- berichte und ein pathogenetisches Modell – die chronische, sekre- nocarcinomas. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1993; 29: 560–563 torische Otitis media. Wien Tierärztl Mschr. 2010; 97: 37–45 [32] Marino DJ, MacDonald JM, Matthiesen DT et al.: Results of sur- [7] De Lorenzi D, Bonfanti U, Masserdotti C et al.: Fine-needle biopsy gery in cats with ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. J Am Anim of external ear canal masses in the cat: cytologic results and histolo- Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 54–58 gic correlations in 27 cases. Vet Clin Pathol. 2005; 34: 100–105 [33] Matousek JL: Diseases of the ear pinna. Vet Clin North Am Small [8] De Lorimier LP, Alexander SD, Fan TM: T-cell lymphoma of the Anim Pract. 2004; 34: 511–540 tympanic bulla in a feline leukemia virus-negative cat. Can Vet J. [34] Matthiesen D, Scavelli T: Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla 2003; 44: 987–989 osteotomy in 38 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1990; 26: 257–267 [9] Devitt CM, Seim HB, Willer R et al.: Passive drainage versus pri- [35] Miller WH, Shynley KJ: Bilateral pinnal squamous cell carcinoma in mary closure after total ear canal ablation-lateral bulla osteotomy in a dog with chronic otitis externa. Vet Dermatol. 1991; 2: 37–39 dogs: 59 dogs (1985–1995). Vet Surg. 1997; 26: 210–216 [36] Moisan PG, Watson GL: Cermunious gland tumors in dogs and [10] Diel JM: Entfernung eines Ohrpolypen bei zwei Katzen mittels PTTE cats: a review of 124 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1996; 32: 448– (Perendoscopic Transtympanic Excision). Prakt Tierarzt. 2008; 89: 452 94–98 [37] Mortellaro CM, Alfieri C, De Francesco I et al.: Perendoscopic [11] Doust R, King A, Hammond G et al.: Assessment of middle ear trans-tympanic excision (PTTE) of ear canal polyps in cats: 10 case disease in the dog: a comparison of diagnostic imaging modalities. J reports. Proc. WSAVA 2001 Small Anim Pract. 2007; 48: 188–192 [38] Muilenburg RK, Fry TR: Feline nasopharyngeal polyps. Vet Clin [12] Fan TM, de Lorimier LP: Inflammatory polyps and aural neoplasia. North Am Small Anim Pract. 2002; 32: 839–849 Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2004; 34: 489–509

[39] Ogawa K, Nakamura K, Hatano K et al.: Treatment and prognosis [8] Antognoni MT, Mangili V, Spaterna A et al.: Acute myeloid leu- of squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal and mid- kaemia in five dogs: clinical findings and cytochemical characteriza- dle ear: A multi-institutional retrospective review of 87 patients. Int tion. Vet Res Commun. 2003; 27 (Suppl 1): 367–371 J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007; 68: 1326–1334 [9] Appelbaum FR, Deeg HJ, Storb R et al.: Cure of malignant lym- [40] Pope ER: Feline inflammatory polyps. Sem Vet Med Surg (Small phoma in dogs with peripheral blood stern cell transplantation. Anim). 1995; 10: 87–93 Transplantation. 1986; 42: 19–22 [41] Pratschke KM: Inflammatory polyps of the middle ear in 5 dogs. [10] Avery A: Molecular diagnostics of hematologic malignancies. Top Vet Surg. 2003; 32: 292–296 Companion Anim Med. 2009; 24: 144–150 [42] Rogers KS: Tumors of the ear canal. Vet Clin North Am (Sm Anim [11] Baker RJ, Valli VE: Dysmyelopoiesis in the cat: a haematological dis- Pract). 1988; 18: 859–868 order resembling refractory anemia with excess blasts in man. Can J [43] Roth L: Rhabdomyoma of the ear pinna in four cats. J Comp Pathol. Vet Res. 1986; 50: 3–6 1990; 103: 237–240 [12] Beaver LM, Strottner G, Klein MK: Response rate after administra- [44] Schmidt JF, Kaptkin A: Nasopharyngeal and ear canal polyps in the tion of a single dose of doxorubicin in dogs with B-cell or T-cell lym- cat. Feline Pract. 1990: 18: 16–19 phoma: 41 cases (2006–2008). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010; 237: –

1052 1055 Literaturverzeichnis [45] Seitz SE, Losonsky JM, Marretta SM: Computed tomographic appearance of inflammatory polyps in three cats. Vet Radiol Ultra- [13] Bell R, Cotter SM, Lillquist A et al.: Characterization of glucocorti- sound. 1996; 37; 99–104 coid receptors in animal lymphoblastic disease: correlation with response to single agent glucocorticoid treatment. Blood. 1984; 63: [46] Stone EA, Goldschmidt MH, Littman MP: Squamous cell carcinoma 380–383 of the middle ear in a cat. J Small Anim Pract. 1983; 24: 647–651 [14] Bertone ER, Snyder LA, Moore AS: Environmental tobacco smoke [47] ter Haar G: Inner ear dysfunction related to ear disease in dogs and and risk of malignant lymphoma in pet cats. Am J Epidemiol. 2002; cats. Europ J Comp Anim Pract. 2006; 16: 127–135 156: 268–273 [48] Théon AP, Barthez PY, Madewell BR et al.: Radiation therapy of [15] Blue JT: Myelodysplasia: differentiating neoplastic from nonneoplas- ceruminous gland carcinomas in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med tic syndromes of ineffective hematopoiesis in dogs. Toxicol Pathol. Assoc. 1994; 205: 566–569 2003; 31(Suppl): 44–48 [49] Travetti O, Giudice C, Greci V et al.: Computed tomography featu- [16] Blue JT, French TW, Kranz JS: Non-lymphoid hematopoietic neo- res of middle ear cholesteatoma in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. plasia in cats: a retrospective study of 60 cases. Cornell Vet. 1988; 2010; 51: 374–379 78: 21–42 [50] Trevor PB, Martin RA: Tympanic bulla osteotomy for treatment of [17] Blue JT: Myelofibrosis in cats with myelodysplastic syndrome and middle-ear disease in cats: 19 cases (1984–1991). J Am Vet Med acute myelogenous leukemia. Vet Pathol. 1988; 25: 154–160 Assoc. 1993; 202: 123–128 [18] Boyle TE, Holowaychuk MK, Adams AK et al.: Treatment of three [51] Veir JK, Lappin MR, Foley JE et al.: Feline inflammatory polyps: his- cats with hyperviscosity syndrome and congestive heart failure torical, clinical, and PCR findings for feline calici virus and feline her- using plasmapheresis. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2011; 47: 50–55 pes virus-1 in 28 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2002; 4: 195–199 [19] Breen M, Modiano JF: Evolutionarily conserved cytogenetic chan- [52] Venker-van Haagen AJ, van der Gaag I: The ear. In: Golston RT, ges in haematological malignancies of dogs and humans—man and Hoskins JD (Hrsg.): Geriatrics and gerontology of the dog and cat. his best friend share more than companionship. Chromosome Res. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, 1995; 209–221 2008; 16: 145–154 [53] Yoshikawa H, Mayer MN, Linn KA et al.: A dog with squamous [20] Breuer W, Hermanns W, Thiele J: Myelodysplastic syndrome cell carcinoma in the middle ear. Can Vet J. 2008; 49: 877–879 (MDS), acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and chronic myeloprolifera- [54] Zur G: Bilateral ear canal neoplasia in three dogs. Vet Dermatol. tive disorder (CMPD) in cats. J Comp Pathol. 1999; 121: 203–216 2005;16: 276–280 [21] Brooks MB, Matus RE, Leifer CE et al.: Use of splenectomy in the management of lymphoma in dogs: 16 cases (1976—1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 191: 1008–1010 32 Hämatopoietische Tumoren [22] Brown DE, Thrall MA, Getzy DM et al.: Cytology of canine malignant histiocytosis. Vet Clin Pathol. 1996; 23: 118–122 [1] Abadie J, Hédan B, Cadieu E et al.: Epidemiology, pathology, and genetics of histiocytic sarcoma in the Bernese mountain dog breed. [23] Burnett RC, Vernau W, Modiano JF et al.: Diagnosis of canine lym- J Hered. 2009; 100 (Suppl 1): S19–27 phoid neoplasia using clonal rearrangements of antigen receptor genes. Vet Pathol. 2003; 40: 32–41 [2] Adam F, Villiers E, Watson S et al.: Clinical pathological and epidemiological assessment of morphologically and immunologically [24] Busch MD, Reilly CM, Luff JA et al.: Feline pulmonary Langerhans confirmed canine leukaemia. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 181–195 cell histiocytosis with multiorgan involvement. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: 816–824 [3] Affolter VK, Moore PF: Feline progressive histiocytosis. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 646–655 [25] Callanan JJ, Jones BA, Irvine J et al.: Histologic classification and immunophenotype of lymphosarcomas in cats with naturally and [4] Affolter VK, Moore PF: Localized and disseminated histiocytic sar- experimentally acquired feline immunodeficiency virus infections. coma of dendritic cell origin in dogs. Vet Pathol. 2002; 39: 74–83 Vet Pathol. 1996; 33: 264–272 [5] Ahmad S, Levy LS: The frequency of occurrence and nature of [26] Campbell KL, Latimer KS: Polysystemic manifestations of plasma recombinant feline leukemia viruses in the induction of multicentric cell myeloma in the dog: a case report and review. J Am Anim Hosp lymphoma by infection of the domestic cat with FeLV-945. Virology. Assoc. 1985; 21: 59–66 2010; 403: 103–110 [27] Canfield PJ, Church DB, Russ IG: Myeloproliferative disorder invol- [6] Alvarez FJ, Kisseberth WC, Gallant SL et al.: Dexamethasone, mel- ving the megakaryocytic line. J Small Anim Pract. 1993; 34: 296– phalan, actinomycin D, cytosine arabinoside (DMAC) protocol for 301 dogs with relapsed lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1178– 1183 [28] Cangul IT, Wijnen M, Van Garderen E et al.: Clinico-pathological aspects of canine cutaneous and mucocutaneous plasmacytomas. J [7] Ameri M, Wilkerson MJ, Stockham SL et al.: Acute megakaryob- Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2002; 49: 307–312 lastic leukemia in a German Shepherd dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2010; 39: 39–45

[29] Carter RF, Valli VEO, Lumsden JH: The cytology, histology and pre- [52] Daters AT, Mauldin GE, Mauldin GN et al.: Evaluation of a multi- valence of cell types in canine lymphoma classified according to the drug chemotherapy protocol with mitoxantrone based mainte- National Cancer Institute Working Formulation. Can J Vet Res. 1986; nance (CHOP-MA) for the treatment of canine lymphoma. Vet 50: 154–164 Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 11–22 [30] Carter RF, Harris CK, Withrow SJ et al.: Chemotherapy of canine [53] Day MJ: Immunophenotypic characterization of cutaneous lym- lymphoma with histopathological correlation: doxorubicin alone phoid neoplasia in the dog and cat. J Comp Pathol. 1995; 112: 79– compared to COP as first treatment regimen. J Am Anim Hosp 96 Assoc. 1987; 23: 587–596 [54] Deeg HJ, Apelbaum FR, Weiden L et al.: Autologous marrow [31] Chun R: Lymphoma: which chemotherapy protocol and why? Top transplantation as consilidation therapy for canine lymphoma: effi- Companion Anim Med. 2009; 24: 157–162 cacy and toxicity of various regimens of total body irradiation. Am J [32] Chun R, Garrett LD, Vail DM: Evaluation of a high-dose chemothe- Vet Res. 1985; 46: 2016–2018 rapy protocol with no maintenance therapy for dogs with lym- [55] Dobson JM, Blackwood LB, McInnes EF et al: Prognostic variables phoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2000; 14: 120–124 in canine multicentric lymphosarcoma. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; [33] Clark GN, Berg J, Engler SJ et al.: Extramedullary plasmacytomas 42: 377–384 in dogs: results of surgical excision in 131 cases. J Am Anim Hosp [56] Dobson J, Hoather T, McKinley TJ et al.: Mortality in a cohort of Assoc. 1992; 28: 105–111 flat-coated retrievers in the UK. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 115–121 [34] Cobaltzky F, Hermanns W: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in [57] Drazner FH: Multiple myeloma in the cat. Comp Contin Educ Pract one cat and two dogs. Vet Pathol. 1993; 30: 186–194 Vet. 1982; 4: 206–214 [35] Comazzi S, Gelain ME: Use of flow cytometric immunophenoty- [58] Elmslie RE, Ogilvie GK, Gilette EL et al.: Radiotherapy with and ping to refine the cytological diagnosis of canine lymphoma. Vet J. without chemotherapy for localized lymphoma in 10 cats. Vet 2010; 188: 149–155 Radiol. 1991; 32: 277–280 [36] Comazzi S, Gelain ME, Bonfanti U et al.: Acute megakaryoblastic [59] Engelman RW, Tyler RD, Good RA et al.: Hypercalcemia in cats leukemia in dogs: a report of three cases and review of the litera- with feline-leukemia-virus-associated leukemia-lymphoma. Cancer. ture. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2010; 46: 327–335 1985; 56: 777–781 [37] Comazzi S, Gelain ME, Martini V et al.: Immunophenotype pre- [60] Essex ME: Feline leukemia: a naturally occurring cancer of infec- dicts survival time in dogs with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Vet tious origin. Epidemiol Rev. 1982; 4: 189–203 Intern Med. 2011; 25: 100–106 [61] Ettinger SN: Principles of treatment for feline lymphoma. Clin Tech [38] Comazzi S, Gelain ME, Spagnolo V et al.: Flow cytometric patterns Small Anim Pract. 2003; 18: 98–102 in blood from dogs with non-neoplastic and neoplastic hematologic [62] Evans RJ, Jones DRE, Gruffydd-Jones TJ: Essential thrombocythe- diseases using double labeling for CD18 and CD45. Vet Clin Pathol. mia in the dog and cat: a report of four cases. J Small Anim Pract. 2006; 35: 47–54 1982; 23: 457–467 [39] Constantino-Casas F, Mayhew D, Hoather TM et al.: The clinical [63] Evans RJ, Gorman NT: Myeloproliferative disease in the dog and presentation and histopathologic-immunohistochemical classifica- cat: definition, etiology and classification. Vet Rec. 1987; 121: 437– tion of histiocytic sarcomas in the Flat Coated Retriever. Vet Pathol. 443 2011; 48: 764–771 [64] Facklam NR, Kociba GJ: Cytochemical characterization of feline leu- [40] Coomer AR, Liptak JM: Canine histiocytic diseases. Compend Con- kemic cells. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 155–161 tin Educ Vet. 2008; 30: 202–204, 208–216 [65] Favier RP, van Leeuwen M, Teske E: Essential Thombocythaemia [41] Cotter SM: Treatment of lymphoma and leukemia with cyclopho- in two dogs. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2004; 129: 360–364 sphamide, vincristine, and prednisone: I. Treatment of dogs. J Am [66] Fidel J, Schiller I, Hauser B et al.: Histiocytic sarcomas in flat-coa- Anim Hosp Assoc 1983; 19: 159–165 ted retrievers: a summary of 37 cases (November 1998–March [42] Cotter SM: Treatment of lymphoma and leukemia with cyclophos- 2005). Vet Comp Oncol. 2006; 4: 63–74 phamide, vincristine, and prednisone: II treatment of cats. J Am [67] Fine DM, Tvedten HW: Chronic granulocytic leukemia in a dog. J Anim Hosp Assoc. 1983; 19: 166–172 Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999; 214: 1809–1812 [43] Court EA, Earnest-Koons KA, Barr SC et al.: Malignant histiocyto- [68] Flory AB, Rassnick KM, Al-Sarraf R et al.: Combination of CCNU sis in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993; 203: 1300–1302 and DTIC chemotherapy for treatment of resistant lymphoma in [44] Court EA, Watson AD, Peaston AE: Retrospective study of 60 dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 164–171 cases of feline lymphosarcoma. Aust Vet J. 1997; 75: 424–427 [69] Friedrichs KR, Young KM: Histiocytic sarcoma of macrophage ori- [45] Couto CG, Ruehl W, Muir S: Plasma cell leukemia and monoclonal gin in a cat: case report with a literature review of feline histiocytic (IgG) gammopathy in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 90– malignancies and comparison with canine hemophagocytic histio- 92 cytic sarcoma. Vet Clin Pathol. 2008; 37: 121–128 [46] Couto CG, Cullen J, Pedroia V et al.: Central nervous system lym- [70] Forrester SD, Fossum TW, Rogers KS: Diagnosis and treatment of phosarcoma in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 809–813 chylothorax associated with lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma in four [47] Couto CG: Clinicopathologic aspects of acute leukemias in the dog. cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991; 198: 291–294 J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 186: 681–685 [71] Forrester SD, Greco DS, Relford RL: Serum hyperviscosity synd- [48] Coyle KA, Steinberg H: Characterization of lymphocytes in canine rome associated with multiple myeloma in two cats. J Am Vet Med gastrointestinal lymphoma. Vet Pathol. 2004; 41: 141–146 Assoc. 1992; 200: 79–82 [49] Crabtree AC, Spangler E, Beard D et al.: Diagnostic accuracy of [72] Fujino Y, Tezuka K, Hisasue M et al.: Clinicopathological features gray-scale ultrasonography for the detection of hepatic and splenic and therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes in two dogs. Vet Rec. lymphoma in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 661–664 2003; 153: 25–27 [50] Cruz-Arámbulo R, Wrigley R, Powers B: Sonographic features of [73] Fulmer AK, Mauldin GE: Canine histiocytic neoplasia: an overview. histiocytic neoplasms in the canine abdomen. Vet Radiol Ultra- Can Vet J. 2007; 48: 1041–1043, 1046–1050 sound. 2004; 45: 554–558 [74] Gabor LJ, Canfield PJ, Malik R: Immunophenotypic and histological [51] Cruz Cardona JA, Milner R, Alleman AR et al.: BCR-ABL transloca- characterisation of 109 cases of feline lymphosarcoma. Aust Vet J. tion in a dog with chronic monocytic leukemia. Vet Clin Pathol. 1999; 77: 436–441 2011; 40: 40–47

[75] Gabor LJ, Jackson ML, Trask B et al.: Feline leukaemia virus status [97] Hart S, Wurm S, Mischke R et al.: Lymphknotendiagnostik mittels of Australian cats with lymphosarcoma. Aust Vet J. 2001; 79: 476– Feinnadelaspirationszytologie beim Hund. Kleintierprax. 1995; 40: 481 869–876 [76] Gafner F, Bestetti GE: Feline malignant histiocytosis and the lyso- [98] Harvey JW, Terrel TG, Hyde DM et al.: Well-differentiated Lym- zyme immunoenzyme technique. Schweiz Arch Tierheilk. 1988; phocytic leukemia in a dog: Long-term survival without therapy. 130: 349–356 Vet Pathol. 1981; 18: 37–47 [77] Garrett LD, Thamm DH, Chun R et al.: Evaluation of a 6–month [99] Hawkins EC, Feldman BF: Immunoglobulin A myeloma in a cat chemotherapy protocol with no maintenance therapy for dogs with with pleural effusion and serum hyperviscosity. J Am Vet Med lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 704–709 Assoc. 1986; 188: 876–878 [78] Gelain ME, Antoniazzi E, Bertazzolo W et al.: Chronic eosinophilic [100] Hayashi A, Tanaka H, Kitamura M et al.: Acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a cat: cytochemical and immunophenotypical features. leukemia (AML-M4) in a dog with the extradural lesion. J Vet Med Vet Clin Pathol. 2006; 35: 454–459 Sci. 2011; 73: 419–422 [79] Geyer NE, Reichle JK, Valdés-Martínez A et al.: Radiographic [101] Hayes HM, Tarone RE, Cantor KP: On the association between appearance of confirmed pulmonary lymphoma in cats and dogs. canine malignant lymphoma and opportunity for exposure to 2,4– – –

Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2010; 51: 386 390 dichlorphenoxyacetic acid. Environ. Res. 1995; 70: 119 125 Literaturverzeichnis [80] Giraudel JM, Pagès JP, Guelfi JF: Monoclonal gammopathies in the [102] Heller DA, Clifford CA, Goldschmidt MH et al.: Assessment of cyc- dog: a retrospective study of 18 cases (1986–1999) and literature looxygenase-2 expression in canine hemangiosarcoma, histiocytic review. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002; 38: 135–147 sarcoma, and mast cell tumor. Vet Pathol. 2005; 42: 350–353 [81] Gorman NT, Evans RJ: Myeloproliferative disease in the dog and [103] Hiraoka H, Hisasue M, Nagashima N et al.: A dog with myelo- cat: Clinical presentations, diagnosis and treatment. Vet Rec. 1987; dysplastic syndrome: chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. J Vet Med 121: 490–496 Sci. 2007; 69: 665–668 [82] Greenberg CB, Boria PA, Raskin RE et al.: Effect of chemotherapy [104] Hisasue M, Nishimura T, Neo S et al.: A dog with acute myelomo- schedule on response in Waldenströmʼs macroglobulinemia in a nocytic leukemia. J Vet Med Sci. 2008; 70: 619–621 dog. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 223–226 [105] Hisasue M, Okayama H, Okayama T et al.: Hematologic abnorma- [83] Greenlee PG, Filippa DA, Quimby FW et al.: Lymphomas in dogs. lities and outcome of 16 cats with myelodysplastic syndromes. J Vet A morphologic, immunologic, and clinical study. Cancer. 1990; 66: Intern Med. 2001;15: 471–477 480–490 [106] Hodgkins EM, Zinkl JG, Madewell BR: Chronic lymphocytic leuke- [84] Grindem CB, Stevens JB, Perman V: Morphological classification mia in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 177: 704–707 and clinical and pathological characteristics of spontaneous leuke- [107] Hopper PE, Mandell CP, Turrel JM et al.: Probable essential throm- mia in 17 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1985; 21: 219–226 bocythemia in a dog. J Vet Intern Med. 1989; 3: 79–85 [85] Grindem CB, Stevens JB, Perman V: Cytochemical reactions in [108] Hosoya K, Kisseberth WC, Lord LK et al.: Comparison of COAP cells from leukemic dogs. Vet Pathol. 1986; 23: 103–109 and UW-19 protocols for dogs with multicentric lymphoma. J Vet [86] Grindem CB, Buoen LC: Cytogenetic analysis of leukemic cells in Intern Med. 2007; 21: 1355–1363 the dog: a report of 10 cases and a review of the literature. J Comp [109] Huibregtse BA, Turner JL: Hypereosinophilic syndrome and eosino- Pathol. 1986; 96: 623–635 philic leukemia: a comparison of 22 hypereosinophilic cats. J Am [87] Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Gaskell CJ: Clinical and radiographical features Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 591–599 of anterior mediastinal lymphosarcoma in the cat: A review of 30 [110] Hurvitz AI, MacEwen EG, Niddaugh CR et al.: Monoclonal cryoglo- cases. Vet Rec. 1979; 104: 304–307 bulinemia with macroglobulinemia in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. [88] Guija de Arespacochaga A, Schwendenwein I, Weissenböck H: 1977, 170: 511–513 Retrospective study of 82 cases of canine lymphoma in Austria [111] Ide K, Setoguchi-Mukai A, Nakagawa T et al.: Disseminated his- based on the Working Formulation and immunophenotyping. J tiocytic sarcoma with excessive hemophagocytosis in a cat. J Vet Comp Pathol. 2007; 136: 186–192 Med Sci. 2009; 71: 817–820 [89] Hadden AG, Cotter SM, Rand W et al.: Efficacy and toxicosis of [112] Impellizeri JA, Howell K, McKeever KP et al.: The role of rituximab VELCAP-C treatment of lymphoma in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; in the treatment of canine lymphoma: an ex vivo evaluation. Vet J. 22: 153–157 2006;171: 556–558 [90] Hafeman S, London C, Elmslie R et al.: Evaluation of liposomal [113] Ishizuka M, Nagai S, Sakamoto KQ et al.: Plasma pharmacokine- clodronate for treatment of malignant histiocytosis in dogs. Cancer tics and CYP3A12–dependent metabolism of c-kit inhibitor imatinib Immunol Immunother. 2010; 59: 441–552 in dogs. Xenobiotica. 2007 ; 37: 503–513 [91] Hahn KA, Richardson AC, Teclaw RF et al.: Is maintenance chemo- [114] Jadersten M, Hellstrom-Lindberg E: New clues to the molecular therapy appropriate for the management of canine malignant lym- pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes. Exp Cell Res. 2010; phoma? J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 3–10 316: 1390–1396 [92] Hahn KA, Richardson AC, Hahn EA et al.: Diagnostic and prognos- [115] Jaffe E, Harris NL, Stein H et al.: (Hrsg.): WHO Classification of tic importance of chromosomal aberrations identified in 61 dogs Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Pathology and with lymphosarcoma. Vet Pathol. 1994; 31: 528–540 Genetics of Tumours of Haemopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. IARC [93] Hamilton TA, Morrison WE, DeNicola DB: Cytosine arabinoside Press, Lyon 2001 chemotherapy for acute megakaryocytic leukemia in a cat. J Am Vet [116] Jaillardon L, Fournel-Fleury C: Waldenströmʼs macroglobulinemia Med Assoc. 1991; 199: 359–361 in a dog with a bleeding diathesis. Vet Clin Pathol. 2011; 40: 351– [94] Hammer AS, Couto CG: Complications of multiple myeloma. J Am 355 Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994; 30: 9–14 [117] Jain NC: Classification of myeloproliferative disorders using criteria [95] Hanna FJ: Multiple myelomas in cats. Feline Med Surg. 2005; 7: proposed by the Animal Leukaemia Study Group: a retrospective 275–287 study of 181 cases (1969–1992). Comp Haematol Int. 1993; 3: [96] Hardy WD Jr.: Hematopoietic tumors of cats. J Am Anim Hosp 125–134 Assoc. 1981; 17: 921–940 [118] Jain NC, Blue JT, Grindem CB et al.: A report of the Animal Leuke- mia Study Group. Proposed criteria for classification of acute myeloid leukemia in dogs and cats. Vet Clin Pathol. 1991; 20: 63–82

[119] Jeffreys AB, Knapp DW, Carlton WW et al.: Influence of asparagi- [142] Leifer CE, Matus RE: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the dog: 22 nase on a combination chemotherapy protocol for canine multi- cases (1974–1984). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 189: 214–217 centric lymphoma. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2005; 41: 221–226 [143] Lori JC, Stein TJ, DH Thamm: Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide [120] Jeglum KA, Whereat A, Young KM: Chemotherapy of lymphoma for the treatment of canine lymphoma: a randomized, placebo-con- in 75 cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 174–178 trolled study. Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 188–195 [121] Jeglum KA, Young KM, Barnsley K et al.: Chemotherapy versus [144] Louwerens M, London CA, Pedersen NC et al.: Feline lymphoma chemotherapy with intralymphatic tumor cell vaccine in canine lym- in the post-feline leukemia virus era. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: phoma. Cancer. 1988; 61: 2042–2050 329–335 [122] Jeglum KA, Steplewski Z: Canine lymphoma: a model for clinical [145] Lurie DM, Gordon IK, Théon AP et al.: Sequential low-dose rate trials of cytotoxic murine monoclonal antibodies. Proc. AACR. 29, half-body irradiation and chemotherapy for the treatment of canine 1988: 421 multicentric lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2009; 23: 1064–1070 [123] Johnson RE, OʼConnor GT, Titus W et al.: Comparative clinical, his- [146] MacEwen EG, Hurvitz AI: Diagnosis and management of monoclo- tologic, and radiotherapeutic aspects of canine and human malig- nal gammopathies. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1977; 7: nant lymphoma. Radiology. 1969; 93: 395–399 119–132 [124] Juopperi TA, Bienzle D, Bernreuter DC et al.: Prognostic markers [147] MacEwen EG, Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI et al.: Nonsecretory multiple for myeloid neoplasms: a comparative review of the literature and myeloma in two dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1984; 184: 1283–1286 goals for future investigation. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 182–197 [148] MacEwen EG, Hayes AA, Matus RE et al.: Evaluation of some prog- [125] Keller ET: Immunemediated disease as a risk factor for canine lym- nostic factors for advanced multicentric lymphosarcoma in the dog. phoma. Cancer. 1992; 70: 2334–2337 147 cases (1978—1981). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 564–568 [126] Keller RL, Avery AC, Burnett RC et al.: Detection of neoplastic lym- [149] MacEwen EG, Rosenthal RC, Fox LE et al.: Evaluation of L-asparagi- phocytes in peripheral blood of dogs with lymphoma by polymerase nase: polyethylene glycol conjugate versus native L-asparaginase chain reaction for antigen receptor gene rearrangement. Vet Clin combined with chemotherapy. A randomized double-blind study in Pathol. 2004; 33: 145–149 canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1992; 6: 230–234 [127] Keller ET, MacEwen EG, Rosenthal RC et al.: Evaluation of prog- [150] MacDonald VS, Thamm DH, Kurzman ID et al.: Does L-asparagi- nostic factors and sequential combination chemotherapy with nase influence efficacy or toxicity when added to a standard CHOP doxorubicin for canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1993; 7: 289– protocol for dogs with lymphoma? J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 295 732–736 [128] Kessler M, Kandel B: Chemotherapie des malignen Lymphoms [151] Madewell BR, Jain NC, Weller RE: Hematologic abnormalities pre- beim Hund: Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen mit dem „Hofheimer Pro- ceding myeloid leukemia in three cats. Vet Pathol. 1979; 16: 510– tokoll“ bei 57 Patienten. Kleintierprax. 2004; 49: 349–358 519 [129] Kessler M, von Bomhard W: Diagnostik und Therapie einer chroni- [152] Madewell BR, Feldman BF: Characterization of anemias associated schen myeloischen Leukämie (CML) bei einem Dackel. Kleintierprax. with neoplasia in small animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1980; 176: 2008; 53: 73–80 419–425 [130] Kiupel M, Teske E, Bostock D: Prognostic factors for treated [153] Madewell BR: Hematological and bone marrow cytological abnor- canine malignant lymphoma. Vet Pathol. 1999; 36: 292–300 malities in 75 dogs with malignant lymphomas. J Am Anim Hosp [131] Kiselow MA, Rassnick KM, McDonough SP et al.: Outcome of Assoc. 1986; 22: 235–240 cats with low-grade lymphocytic lymphoma: 41 cases (1995– [154] Madewell BR, Theilen GH: Hematopoietic neoplasms, sarcomas 2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008; 232: 405–410 and related conditions. Part IV: Canine. In: Theilen GH, Madewell BR [132] Kohn B, Arnold P, Kaser-Hotz B et al.: Maligne Histiozytose beim (Hrsg.): Veterinary Cancer Medicine, 2. Aufl. Lea & Febiger, Philadel- Hund: 26 Fälle (1989–1992). Kleintierprax. 1993; 38: 409–424 phia 1987: 392–407 [133] Kraje AC, Patton CS, Edwards DF: Malignant histiocytosis in 3 cats. [155] Mahaffey EA, Brown TP, Duncan JR et al.: Basophilic leukemia in a J Vet Intern Med. 2001; 15: 252–256 dog. J Comp Pathol. 1987; 97: 393–399 [134] Krick EL, Little L, Patel R et al.: Description of clinical and patholo- [156] Mahony OM, Moore AS, Cotter SM et al.: Alimentary lymphoma gical findings, treatment and outcome of feline large granular lym- in cats: 28 cases (1988—1993). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 207: phocyte lymphoma (1996–2004). Vet Comp Oncol. 2008; 6: 102– 1593–1598 110 [157] Mashita T, Shimoda T, Yoshioka H et al.: A cat with acute myelob- [135] Kyle KN, Wright Z: Apparent feline leukemia virus-induced chronic lastic leukemia without maturation (M1) treated with combination lymphocytic leukemia and response to treatment. J Feline Med chemotherapy. J Vet Med Sci. 2006; 68: 97–101 Surg. 2010; 12: 341–344 [158] Matus RE, Leifer CE, Gordon BR et al.: Plasmapheresis and chemo- [136] Laing EJ, Fitzpatrick PJ, Bennington AG et al.: Halfbody radiothe- therapy of hyperviscosity syndrome associated with monoclonal rapy in the treatment of canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1989; gammopathy in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 183: 215–218 3: 102–108 [159] Matus RE, Leifer CE, MacEwen GE: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia [137] Lana S, Plaza S, Hampe K et al.: Diagnosis of mediastinal masses in in the dog: a review of 30 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 183: dogs by flow cytometry. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1161–1165 859–862 [138] Lane SB, Kornegay JN, Duncan DR et al.: Feline spinal lymphosar- [160] Matus RE, Leifer CE: Immunoglobulin-producing tumors. Vet Clin coma: a retrospective evaluation of 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 1994; North Am Sm Anim Pract. 1985; 15: 741–753 8: 99–104 [161] Matus RE, Leifer CE, MacEwen EG et al.: Prognostic factors for [139] LeBlanc AK, Cox SK, Kirk CA et al.: Effects of L-asparaginase on multiple myeloma in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: plasma amino acid profiles and tumor burden in cats with lym- 1288–1292 phoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: 760–763 [162] McManus PM: Classification of myeloid neoplasms: a comparative [140] Ledieu D, Palazzi X, Marchal T et al. : Acute megakaryoblastic leu- review. Vet Clin Pathol. 2005; 34: 189–212 kemia with erythrophagocytosis and thrombosis in a dog. Vet Clin [163] McManus PM, Hess RS: Myelodysplastic changes in a dog with Pathol. 2005; 34: 52–56 subsequent acute myeloid leukemia. Vet Clin Pathol. 1998; 27: [141] Leifer CE, Matus RE, Patnaik K et al.: Chronic myelogenous leuke- 112–115 mia in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1983; 183: 686–689

[164] McMillan FD: Hypercalcemia associated with lymphoid neoplasia in [185] Naranjo C, Dubielzig RR, Friedrichs KR: Canine ocular histiocytic two cats. Feline Pract. 1985; 15: 31–35 sarcoma. Vet Ophthalmol. 2007; 10: 179–185 [165] Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Murphy S et al.: Myeloma-related disorders [186] Ndikuwera J, Smith DA, Obwolo MJ et al.: Chronic granulocytic in cats commonly present as extramedullary neoplasms in contrast leukemia/eosinophylic leukemia in a dog? J Small Anim Pract. 1992; to myeloma in human patients: 24 cases with clinical follow-up. J 33: 553–557 Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 1376–1383 [187] Nielsen L, Andreasen SN, Andersen SD et al.: Malignant histiocy- [166] Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Smith KC et al.: Histopathologic, immuno- tosis and other causes of death in Bernese mountain dogs in Den- histochemical, and cytologic analysis of feline myeloma-related mark. Vet Rec. 2010; 166: 199–202 disorders: further evidence for primary extramedullary develop- [188] Oberthaler KT, Mauldin E, McManus PM et al.: Rescue therapy ment in the cat. Vet Pathol. 2008; 45: 159–173 with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy for relapsing or refractory [167] Meyer HP, Slappendel RJ, Greydanus-van der Putten SWM: Poly- feline lymphoma: a retrospective study of 23 cases. J Feline Med cythemia vera in a dog treated by repeated phlebotomies. Vet Surg. 2009; 11: 259–265 Quart. 1993; 15: 108–111 [189] Onions DE: A prospective survey of familial canine lymphosarcoma. [168] Miyamoto T, Horie T, Shimada T et al.: Longterm case study of J Natl Cancer Inst. 1984; 72: 909–912

myelodysplastic syndrome in a dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1999; [190] Owen LN, Bostock DE, Halliwell REW: Cell-mediated and humoral Literaturverzeichnis 35: 475–481 immunity in dogs with spontaneous lymphosarcoma. Eur J Cancer. [169] Miller C, Fish MB, Danelski TF: IgA multiple myeloma with multi- 1975; 11: 187–191 system manifestations in the dog: a case report. J Am Anim Hosp [191] Padgett GA, Madewell BR, Keller ET et al.: Inheritance of histiocy- Assoc. 1982; 18: 53–56 tosis in Bernese mountain dogs. J Small Anim Pract. 1995; 36: 93– [170] Mischke R, Schulze U, Schuberth H-J: Multiples Myelom vom IgA- 98 Typ mit biklonaler Gammopathie und Störung der primären Hämos- [192] Park HM, Doster AR, Tashbaeva RE et al.: Clinical, histopathologi- tase bei einem Deutschen Schäferhund. Prakt Tierarzt. 2000; 81: cal and immunohistochemical findings in a case of megakaryoblas- 188–195 tic leukemia in a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2006; 18: 287–291 [171] Mischke R, Freund M, Leinemann-Fink T et al.: Changes in he- [193] Patel RT, Caceres A, French AF et al.: Multiple myeloma in 16 cats: mostasis of dogs with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Berl Munch a retrospective study. Vet Clin Pathol. 2005; 34: 341–352 Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1998; 111: 53–59 [194] Peterson ME, Randolph JF: Diagnosis of canine primary polycythe- [172] Modiano JF, Breen M, Burnett RC et al.: Distinct B-cell and T-cell mia and management with hydroxyurea. J Am Vet Med Assoc. lymphoproliferative disease prevalence among dog breeds indicates 1982; 180: 415–418 heritable risk. Cancer Res. 2005; 65: 5654–5661 [195] Piek CJ, Rutteman GR, Teske E: Evaluation of the results of a L- [173] Mooney SC, Hayes AA: Lymphoma in the cat: an approach to diag- asparaginase-based continuous chemotherapy protocol versus a nosis and management. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 1986; short doxorubicin-based induction chemotherapy protocol in dogs 1: 51–57 with malignant lymphoma. Vet Q. 1999; 21: 44–49 [174] Mooney SC, Patnaik AK, Hayes AA et al.: Generalized lymphaden- [196] Platz SJ, Breuer W, Geisel O et al.: Identification of lambda light opathy resembling lymphoma in cats: six cases (1972—1976). J Am chain amyloid in eight canine and two feline extramedullary plas- Vet Med Assoc. 1987; 190: 897–900 macytomas. J Comp Pathol. 1997; 116: 45–54 [175] Mooney SC, Hayes AA, MacEwen EG et al.: Treatment and prog- [197] Pohlman LM, Higginbotham ML, Welles EG et al.: Immunophe- nostic factors in lymphoma in cats: 103 cases (1977—1981). J Am notypic and histologic classification of 50 cases of feline gastroin- Vet Med Assoc. 1989; 194: 696–699 testinal lymphoma. Vet Pathol. 2009; 46: 259–268 [176] Moore PF, Affolter VK, Vernau W: Canine hemophagocytic histio- [198] Ponce F, Magnol JP, Ledieu D et al.: Prognostic significance of cytic sarcoma: a proliferative disorder of CD11d+ macrophages. Vet morphological subtypes in canine malignant lymphomas during Pathol. 2006; 43: 632–645 chemotherapy. Vet J. 2004; 167: 158–166 [177] Moore AS, Cotter SM, Frimberger AE et al.: A comparison of [199] Postorino NC, Susaneck SJ, Withrow SJ et al.: Single agent the- doxorubicin and COP for maintenance of remission in cats with lym- rapy with Adriamycin for canine lymphosarcoma. J Am Anim Hosp phoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 372–375 Assoc. 1989; 25: 221–225 [178] Moore AS, Cotter SM, Rand WM et al.: Evaluation of a disconti- [200] Reagan WJ: A review of myelofibrosis in dogs. Toxic Pathol. 1993; nuous treatment protocol (VELCAP-S) for canine lymphoma. J Vet 21: 164–169 Intern Med. 2001; 15: 348–354 [201] Ramaiah SK, Seguin MA, Carwile HF et al.: Biclonal gammopathy [179] Moore AS, London CA, Wood CA et al.: Lomustine (CCNU) for the associated with immunoglobulin A in a dog with multiple myeloma. treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med. 1999; Vet Clin Pathol. 2002; 31: 83–89 13:395–398 [202] Ramirez S, Douglass JP, Robertson ID: Ultrasonographic features [180] Moore AS, Ogilvie GK, Ruslander D et al.: Evaluation of mitoxant- of canine abdominal malignant histiocytosis. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. rone for the treatment of lymphoma in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002; 43: 167–170 1994; 205: 1903–1905 [203] Rao S, Lana S, Eickhoff J et al.: Class II Major Histocompatibility [181] Moore AS, Ruslander D, Cotter SM et al.: Efficacy of, and toxicosis Complex expression and cell size independently predict survival in associated with oral idarubicin administration in cats with neoplasia. canine B-cell lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2011; 25: 1097–1105 J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1995; 206: 1550–1554 [204] Raskin RE, Krehbiel JD: Prevalence of leukemic blood and bone [182] Morris JS, Dunn LK, Dobson JM: Canine lymphoid leukemia and marrow in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. lymphoma with bone marrow involvement: a review of 24 cases. J 1989; 194: 1427–1429 Small Anim Pract. 1993; 34: 72–79 [205] Rassnick KM, Mauldin GE, Al-Sarraf R et al.: MOPP chemotherapy [183] Mylonakis ME, Petanides TA, Valli VE et al.: Acute myelomonocy- for treatment of resistant lymphoma in dogs: a retrospective study tic leukaemia with short-term spontaneous remission in a cat. Aust of 117 cases (1989–2000). J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 576–580 Vet J. 2008; 86: 224–228 [206] Rassnick KM, Moore AS, Russell DS et al.: Phase II, open-label trial [184] Nagashima N, Kano R, Hirai A et al.: Acute monocytic leukaemia of single-agent CCNU in dogs with previously untreated histiocytic in a cat. Vet Rec. 2005; 157: 347–349 sarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2010; 24: 1528–1531

[207] Reed N, Begara-McGorum IM, Else RW et al.: Unusual histiocytic [229] Simon D, Nolte I, Eberle N et al.: Treatment of dogs with lym- disease in a Somali cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2006; 8: 129–134 phoma using a 12–week, maintenance-free combination chemo- [208] Richter KP: Feline gastrointestinal lymphoma. Vet Clin North Am therapy protocol. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 948–954 Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 1083–1098, vii [230] Simon D: Effektivität und Verträglichkeit von Chemotherapien bei [209] Rissetto K, Villamil JA, Selting KA et al.: Recent trends in feline Tumorerkrankungen von Hund und Katze und Untersuchungen zu intestinal neoplasia: an epidemiologic study of 1,129 cases in the Zytostatikarückständen in Serum und Urin des Hundes. Habilita- veterinary medical database from 1964 to 2004. J Am Anim Hosp tionsschrift, TiHo Hannover, 2010 Assoc. 2011; 47: 28–36 [231] Simpson JW, Else RW, Honeyman P: Successful treatment of [210] Roccabianca P, Vernau W, Caniatti M et al.: Feline large granular suspected essential thrombocythaemia in the dog. J Small Anim lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma with secondary leukemia: primary Pract. 1990; 31: 345–348 intestinal origin with predominance of a CD3/CD8(alpha)(alpha) [232] Skorupski KA, Clifford CA, Paoloni MC et al.: CCNU for the treat- phenotype. Vet Pathol. 2006; 43: 15–28 ment of dogs with histiocytic sarcoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21: [211] Rosin A, Moore PF, Dubielzig R: Malignant histiocytosis in Bernese 121–126 mountain dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 188: 1041–1045 [233] Skorupski KA, Rodriguez CO, Krick EL et al.: Long-term survival in [212] Rossi S, Gelain ME, Comazzi S: Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma dogs with localized histiocytic sarcoma treated with CCNU as an with peripheral blood involvement in a Bernese Mountain dog. Vet adjuvant to local therapy. Vet Comp Oncol. 2009; 7: 139–144 Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 126–130 [234] Smith M, Turrel JM: Radiophosphorus (32P) treatment of bone [213] Ruiz de Gopegui R, Espada Y, Vilafranca M et al.: Paraprotein- marrow disorders in dogs: 11 cases (1970—1987). J Am Vet Med induced defective hemostatis in a dog with IgA (Kappa-light chain) Assoc. 1989; 194: 98–102 forming myeloma. Vet Clin Pathol. 1996; 23: 70–71 [235] Sözmen M, Tasca S, Carli E: Use of fine needle aspirates and flow [214] Saar C: Erythro-Megakaryozythämie bei einer Katze. Berl Münch cytometry for the diagnosis, classification, and immunophenoty- Tierärztl Wschr. 1970; 83: 7070–7073 ping of canine lymphomas. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2005; 17: 323–330 [215] Saba CF, Thamm DH, Vail DM: Combination chemotherapy with [236] Sorenmo KU, Krick E, Coughlin CM et al.: CD40–activated B cell L-asparaginase, lomustine, and prednisone for relapsed or refractory cancer vaccine improves second clinical remission and survival in canine lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 127–132 privately owned dogs with non-Hodgkinʼs lymphoma. PLoS One. 2011; 6(8):e24167 [216] Safran N, Perk K, Eyal O: Isolation and preliminary characterisation of a novel retrovirus isolated from a leukemic dog. Res Vet Scie. [237] Spodnick GJ, Berg J, Moore FM et al.: Spinal lymphoma in cats: 21 1992; 52: 250–255 cases (1976—1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1992; 200: 373–376 [217] Santoro D, Marsella R, Hernandez J: Investigation on the associa- [238] Squire RA, Bush M, Melby EC et al.: Clinical and pathologic study tion between atopic dermatitis and the development of mycosis of canine lymphoma: clinical staging, cell classification, and therapy. fungoides in dogs: a retrospective case-control study. Vet Dermatol. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1973; 51: 565–574 2007; 18: 101–106 [239] Stockham SL, Keeton KS, Szladovits B: Clinical assessment of leu- [218] Sauerbrey ML, Mullins MN, Bannink EO et al.: Lomustine and kocytosis: distinguishing leukocytoses caused by inflammatory, glu- prednisone as a first-line treatment for dogs with multicentric lym- cocorticoid, physiologic, and leukemic disorders or conditions. Vet phoma: 17 cases (2004–2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007; 230: Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 1335–1357 1866–1869 [240] Strandstrom HV, Higgins JR, Mossie K et al.: Studies with canine [219] Schmidt ML, Rutteman GR, van Niel MHF et al.: Clinical and radio- sera that contain antibodies which recognize human immunodefi- graphic manifestations of canine malignant histiocytosis. Vet Quart. ciency virus structural proteins. Cancer Res. 1990; 50[Suppl.]: 1993; 14: 117–120 5628s–5630s [220] Schneider R: Comparison of age- and sex-specific incidence rate [241] Stützer B, Simon K, Lutz H et al.: Incidence of persistent viraemia patterns of the leukemia complex in the cat and the dog. J Natl Can- and latent feline leukaemia virus infection in cats with lymphoma. J cer Inst. 1983; 70: 971–977 Feline Med Surg. 2011; 13: 81–87 [221] Schultz RM, Puchalski SM, Kent M et al.: Skeletal lesions of histio- [242] Suter SE, Vernau W, Fry MM et al.: CD34+, CD41+ acute mega- cytic sarcoma in nineteen dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2007; 48: karyoblastic leukemia in a dog. Vet Clin Pathol. 2007; 36: 288–292 539–543 [243] Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL et al. (Hrsg.): WHO Classifica- [222] Shaiken LC, Evans SM, Goldschmidt MH: Radiographic findings in tion of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4. Auf- canine malignant histiocytosis. Vet Radiol. 1991; 32: 237–242 lage, IARC Press, Lyon, 2008 [223] Sharifi H, Nassiri SM, Esmaelli H: Eosinophilic leukaemia in a cat. J [244] Swinney G, Jones BR, Kissling K: A review of polycythemia vera in Feline Med Surg. 2007; 9: 514–517 the cat. Aust Vet Pract. 1992; 22: 60–66 [224] Sheafor SE, Gamblin RM, Couto CG: Hypercalcemia in two cats [245] Takahashi K, Katami K, Nakamura K et al.: IgG type myeloma in a with multiple myeloma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996; 32: 503–508 dog. Jpn J Vet Sci. 1980; 42: 271–275 [225] Shelton GH, Grant CK, Cotter SM et al.: Feline immunodeficiency [246] Takahashi T, Otani I, Okuda M et al.: Malignant transformation of virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections and their rela- T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia in a dog. J Vet Med Sci. tionship to lymphoid malignancies in cats: a retrospective study 2007; 69: 677–681 (1968—1988). J Acquir Immuno Def Synd. 1990; 1623–1630 [247] Takeuchi Y, Iizuka H, Kanemitsu H et al.: Myeloma-related disor- [226] Shimoda T, Shiranaga N, Mashita T et al.: A hematological study der with leukaemic progression in a cat. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; on thirteen cats with myelodysplastic syndrome. J Vet Med Sci. 12: 982–987 2000: 62: 59–64 [248] Tarrant JM, Stokol T, Blue JT et al.: Diagnosis of chronic myeloge- [227] Shirani D, Nassiri SM, Aldavood SJ et al.: Acute erythroid leukemia nous leukemia in a dog using morphologic, cytochemical, and flow with multilineage dysplasia in a cat. Can Vet J. 2011; 52: 389–393 cytometric techniques. Vet Clin Pathol. 2001; 30: 19–24 [228] Simon D, Eberle N, Laacke-Singer L et al.: Combination chemo- [249] Tasca S, Carli E, Caldin M et al.: Hematologic abnormalities and therapy in feline lymphoma: treatment outcome, tolerability, and flow cytometric immunophenotyping results in dogs with hemato- duration in 23 cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2008; 22: 394–400 poietic neoplasia: 210 cases (2002–2006). Vet Clin Pathol. 2009; 38: 2–12

[250] Taylor SS, Goodfellow MR, Browne WJ et al.: Feline extranodal [269] Valli VE, Jacobs RM, Norris A et al.: The histologic classification of lymphoma: response to chemotherapy and survival in 110 cats. J 602 cases of feline lymphoproliferative disease using the National Small Anim Pract. 2009; 50: 584–592 Cancer Institute working formulation. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2000; 12: [251] Tebb AJ, Cave T, Barron R et al.: Diagnosis and management of B 295–306 cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in a cat. Vet Rec. 2004; 154: [270] Valli VE, Jacobs RM, Parodi AL et al.: Histological classification of 430–433 hematopoietic tumors of domestic animals. Armed Forces Institute [252] Teske E, Besselink CMLT, Blankenstein MA et al.: The occurrence of Pathology, Washington DC, 2002, 2nd Series Vol VIII of estrogen and progestin receptors and antiestrogen binding sites [271] Valli VE, San Myint M, Barthel A et al.: Classification of canine (AEBS) in canine non-Hodgkinʼs lymphomas. Anticancer Res. 1987; malignant lymphomas according to the World Health Organization 7: 857–860 criteria. Vet Pathol. 2011; 48: 198–211 [253] Teske E, Rutteman GR, Van Heerde P et al.: Polyethylene glycol-L- [272] Van Vechten M, Helfland SC, Jeglum KA: Treatment of relapsed asparaginase in canine non-Hodgkinʼs lymphoma. Eur J Cancer. canine lymphoma with doxorubicin and dacarbazine. J Vet Intern 1990; 26: 891–895 Med. 1990; 4: 187–191 [254] Teske E: Canine malignant lymphoma: a review and comparison [273] Vernau W, Moore PF: An immunophenotypic study of canine leu- ʼ –

with human non-Hodgkin s lymphoma. Vet Quart. 1994; 16: 209 kemias and preliminary assessment of clonality by polymerase Literaturverzeichnis 219 chain reaction. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1999; 69: 145–164 [255] Teske E, De Vos JP, Egberink HF et al.: Clustering in canine malig- [274] Vezzali E, Parodi AL, Marcato PS et al.: Histopathologic classifica- nant lymphoma. Vet Quart. 1994; 16: 134–136 tion of 171 cases of canine and feline non-Hodgkin lymphoma [256] Teske E, van Heerde P, Rutteman GR et al.: Prognostic factors in according to the WHO. Vet Comp Oncol. 2010; 8: 38–49 canine non-Hodgkinʼs lymphomas. A prospective study in 138 [275] Villiers E, Baines S, Law AM et al.: Identification of acute myeloid dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994; 205: 1722–1728 leukemia in dogs using flow cytometry with myeloperoxidase, [257] Teske E, van Heerde P: Diagnostic value and reproducibility of MAC387, and a canine neutrophil-specific antibody. Vet Clin Pathol. fine-needle aspiration cytology in canine malignant lymphoma. Vet 2006; 35: 55–71 Quart. 1996; 18: 112–115 [276] Visonneau S, Cesano A, Tran T et al.: Successful treatment of [258] Teske E, van Straten G, van Noort R et al.: Chemotherapy with canine malignant histiocytosis with the human major histocompati- cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (COP) in cats with bility complex nonrestricted cytotoxic T-cell line TALL-104. Clin Can- malignant lymphoma: new results with an old protocol. J Vet Intern cer Res. 1997; 3: 1789–1797 Med. 2002; 16: 179–186 [277] Voegeli E, Welle M, Hauser B et al.: Das histiozytäre Sarkom beim [259] Teske E, Wisman P, Moore PF et al.: Histological classification and Berner Sennenhund in der Schweiz: Eine retrospektive Studie über immunophenotyping of canine non-Hodgkinʼs lymphomas. Unex- seine genetische Prädisposition. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2006; pected high frequency of T-cell lymphomas with B-cell morphology. 148: 281–288 Exp Hematol. 1994; 22: 1179–1187 [278] von Euler H, Einarsson R, Olsson U et al.: Serum thymidine kinase [260] Terry A, Callanan JJ, Fulton R et al.: Molecular analysis of tumours activity in dogs with malignant lymphoma: a potent marker for from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats: An indirect prognosis and monitoring the disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2004; 18: role for FIV? Intern J Cancer. 1995; 61: 227–232 696–702 [261] Thomas R, Smith KC, Ostrander EA et al.: Chromosome aberra- [279] Wagter HW, Vos AJ, van den Ingh T: [A localised histocytic sar- tions in canine multicentric lymphomas detected with comparative coma in the stomach of a dog]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 2009; 134: genomic hybridisation and a panel of single locus probes. Br J Can- 526–528 cer. 2003; 89: 1530–1537 [280] Walton RM, Modiano JM, Thrall MA et al.: Bone marrow cytologi- [262] Tomiyasu H, Fujino Y, Takahashi M et al.: Spontaneous acute cal findings in 4 dogs and a cat with hemophagocytic syndrome. J erythroblastic leukaemia (AML-M6Er) in a dog. J Small Anim Pract. Vet Intern Med. 1996; 10: 7–14 2011; 52: 445–447 [281] Watson ADJ, Moore AS, Helfand SC: Primary erythrocytosis in the [263] Tomley FM, Armstrong SJ, Mahy BWJ et al.: Reverse transcriptase cat: treatment with hydroxyurea. J Small Anim Pract. 1994; 35: activity and particles of retroviral density in cultured canine lym- 320–325 phosarcoma supernatants. Br J Cancer. 1983; 47: 277–284 [282] Weiss AT, Klopfleisch R, Gruber AD: Prevalence of feline leukae- [264] Tsai S, Sutherland-Smith J, Burgess K et al.: Imaging characteris- mia provirus DNA in feline lymphomas. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12: tics of intrathoracic histiocytic sarcoma in dogs. Vet Radiol Ultra- 929–935 sound. 2012; 53: 21–27 [283] Weiss DJ: A retrospective study of the incidence and the classifica- [265] Tzannes S, Hammond MF, Murphy S et al.: Ownersʼ perception of tion of bone marrow disorders in the dog at a veterinary teaching their catsʼ quality of life during COP chemotherapy for lymphoma. J hospital (1996–2004). J Vet Intern Med. 2006; 20: 955–961 Feline Med Surg. 2008; 10: 73–81 [284] Weiss DJ: Evaluation of dysmyelopoiesis in cats: 34 cases (1996– [266] Usher SG, Radford AD, Villiers EJ et al.: RAS, FLT3, and C-KIT 2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006; 228: 893–897 mutations in immunophenotyped canine leukemias. Exp Hematol. [285] Weiss DJ: Flow cytometric and immunophenotypic evaluation of 2009; 37: 65–77 acute lymphocytic leukemia in dog bone marrow. J Vet Intern Med. [267] Vail DM, Kisseberth WC, Obradovich JE et al.: Assessment of 2001; 15: 589–594 potential doubling time (Tpot), argyrophilic nucleolar organizer [286] Weiss DJ: Recognition and classification of dysmyelopoiesis in the regions (AgNOR), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as dog: a review. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19: 147–154 predictors of therapy response in canine malignant lymphoma. Exp [287] Weiss DJ, Raskin R, Zerbe C: Myelodysplastic syndrome in two Hematol. 1996; 24: 807–815 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985; 187: 1038–1040 [268] Valerius KD, Ogilvie GK, Mallinckrodt CH et al.: Doxorubicin [288] Weiss DJ, Smith SA: A retrospective study of 19 cases of canine alone or in combination with asparaginase, followed by cyclopho- myelofibrosis. J Vet Intern Med. 2002; 16: 174–178 sphamide, vincristine, and prednisone for treatment of multicentric [289] Weller RE, Holmberg CA, Theilen GH et al.: Canine lymphosar- lymphoma in dogs: 121 cases (1987–1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc. coma and hypercalcemia: clinical, laboratory and pathologic evalua- 1997; 210: 512–516#+ tion of twenty-four cases. J Small Anim Pract. 1982; 23: 649–658

[290] Weller RE, Theilen GH, Madewell BR et al.: Chemoimmunothe- rapy for canine lymphosarcoma: a prospective evaluation of specific and nonspecific immunomodulation. Am J Vet Res. 1980; 41: 516– 521 [291] Wilkerson MJ, Dolce K, Koopman T et al.: Lineage differentiation of canine lymphoma/leukemias and aberrant expression of CD molecules. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2005; 106: 179–196 [292] Willmann M, Müllauer L, Schwendenwein I et al.: Chemotherapy in canine acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: a case report and review of the literature. In Vivo. 2009; 23: 911–918 [293] Workman HC, Vernau W: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in dogs and cats: the veterinary perspective. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33: 1379–1399 [294] Zavodovskaya R, Liao AT, Jones CL et al.: Evaluation of dysregula- tion of the receptor tyrosine kinases Kit, Flt3, and Met in histiocytic sarcomas of dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2006; 67: 633–641 [295] Zemann BI, Moore AS, Rand WM et al.: A combination chemotherapy protocol (VELCAP-L) for dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med. 1998; 12: 465–470