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Enclosed Is a Copy of Part I and Part II of the Environmental Resource Inventory for Jersey City

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Enclosed Is a Copy of Part I and Part II of the Environmental Resource Inventory for Jersey City Stevens Institute of Technology Castle Point on Hudson Institute of Technology Hohoken, NJ 07030 201.216.8233 Fax: 201216.5352 Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering May 27,1998 Maria Baratta NJ DEP Information Resource Center P.O. Box 409 Trenton, NJ 088625-0409 Dear Maria: Enclosed is a copy of Part I and Part II of the Environmental Resource Inventory for Jersey City. You may copy it for your needs. Sincerely, b * Gv- David A. Vaccari, Ph.D., P.E. Associate Professor Ph: 20 l/2 16-5570; Fax: 20 l/2 16-5352; Email: [email protected] URL: http://attila.stevens-tech.edu/-dvaccari/ DAVww Document2 May 27,1998 1 t . PART1 - PEIYSICAL. sYsm David A. Vaccari, Ph.D. Eirosystems, Co. - January, 1988 i PREFACE . In the courde of developing this report, the author experienced the pleasure of discovery - the . discovery of a City, and discovery of the interesting facts describing that. City. Although it may seem that this report often details the environmental problems in Jersey City, it should be viewed as a frank portrait, showing both its proud features and its blemishes. Certainly, the author has found the positives to outweigh the negatives. It is hoped that readers who are %already familiar with Jersey City will find this report will bring their perceptions into focus with specific data. Then, perhaps, the steps towards improvement-will also become easier to see. Acknowledgment is due to Betty Kearns and Paul Blumenthal of the Jersey City Department of Housing and Urban Development for motivating this report and for providing the data which went into it. They are a good example of the kind of people Jersey City needs to improve its quality of life. The author of this report is Principle Consultant for Envirosystems, Co., and is an Assistant Professor of Environmental Engineering at Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ. INTRODUC%ION o*eo8*e*em*e*eee**eoee*eeeeoe****oo*e*e****e4*eeeoee'*oo* 1 Metbds and Sources 0f~Information l *o**oeee~oeeeeo8eeeoooo~ofoo*e 2. Conclusions and Recommendations l oee*e*ooe*ooeeeo*eeo*e*oeo***88 2 OVEZRVIEWOFJEERSEYCITY l eo*ooe*oooeeoeoeoeeeoeo*eeoeooeeeooooooe*~e 4 Demographics ooeoeoooeoeeoeoeeee*eoo*eee4eeoe**eeeeo*eeoe8eee888*4 Location eeemeeooeoooooeo*oeeo0eeeOoe*aeoeeoo*eoo*ee*eeeoeoooooo*4 Physical Description and Land Use of Jersey City l eeeoooeo*ooooo* 5 CLIMATE OF JERSEY CITY l oeooeeeoee*e*ooeeoee**ee4eeeoeo**ee***oeoeooe 8 GEOLOGY OF JERSEY CITY l o*eeooo*eo*aeeeee*oo**eooee*eeeoe8eeoeeoeo~eo 12 Natural History i l e~e*eoe~eoe*em*o~oeoee~eo~eeeeoeoeoeoeoee~o0OO 12 Soil oeoeo**ee**eooe*eoo*ooeeeeooe*eeeo*eoe**eeeoeoe*eeoeeoe*o*o*14 Marine sediments l o4ooee**eeo*e*eeeeooeeeoeo*eoe*eeeeoo4*ooooooo* 20 THEWTERS OFJERSEYCITY l e*oe*oeee*oeooeooee***e*eeeeooeoe4ooeeeoe 24 Water as a Resource l o*ooeeoe*oe*ee*ooeeee*eeooe*oooeoeo4*eeoo*o24 Surface Water 4*o4*ee**eeeeeoeoee*ee*ee*eeaeeoee*oeeeeoaeoeeeoeo 24 Hydrology eoe*eeeeee*e*oo*e*eeeee*oeeeeeee*oeeoee*e*eeee**ee 24 Quality e*o**oeeeee*eeo*oemeoo**eooeeee*eee*eeeeeeeoee*e*o~~ 27 Physical Pollution l oee**eeoe*oooeeee4eo*eeoeoe*4ee8*oe 29 Salinity l e*oo*ee*eoeeeooeeeeeee*oeeooee*e*e****eoa*eeo 31 Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand 0000084e 32 Bacteriological l ooeeooeooeeeoeeoeeeeeoeoeo0e0*eoeeooe35 Nutrients l eeooe*eee**eoeo*ee*eao*e*ee*ooo**eeeeoeemo* 35 Toxics l ee*eeo*ooeoeeeee*e*eee*e***o*eeoeoooo*e*o*oeeoo 36 . Groundwater e*eee**ee**eo**e*eeee*eee*eeeeeeee**oeeeeooeooeeeeeoo6 37 Hydrology oe*oeeo**eeeeeeeeeeeee*e*oee*4eee**eoeeoo*e**eeoe* 37. Quality eoeeeee****oeeeee***eeo**e**eoeo*eeeoeeooeoooeoo*o*o 38 AIR QUALITY e~*eeee*eeeeeeeeee~ee*ee*eeeeee~eoeee*ee~*o*eeooee*eo~oe 39 Jersey City Air Quality l eee**o**oeeeeee*e*eoee*eoeoooeoee*ee*eo 42 Carbon Monoxide l ee*eee*eeeee**eeoooe*eee*ee***eee*e**ooeoo* 42 Ozone, Photochemical oxidants, and Hydrocarbons l eee**o**o*e 45 Particulates 4e4ooe*e**o*eeee*o*o*e*eee*ee*e**eooee*oee0*00 46 Nitrogen Oxides l eeeeeee*eeeeee*eeooee~oee~oe~**eeoo~eee**** 47 Sulfur Dioxide l oeeeeeeo*e**eeoeeee*ee*eoaoee*ooeoeoo*eoeee 47 Acid ,Precipitation 8*e*ee**eoe6o*eeoe*eeo*e*eeeoee~*oeo*e0e 48 Heavy metals l e*ee**eeeoeee*eee**oooeeeoeee*e4ooooeooeeeoee 49 NOISE oo*ooo**ee~*e~~*eeeooe*ee*eooeee**e**e~o*ooOe*eooe~ee~oe~oee** 50 APPEmIX I - REFERENCES l e*e**e*eeeeeoe*eoee*eeoeeeeeeo*e**oeo*oeoeo 54. AEwmDIX II - LIST OF TABLES l *eeoee4eoe*eooo***ee*e**4oooo*eo*ooee 58 APPE3JDIX III - LIST OF MAPSl *e*e**ee*e**e***oeeeeoeeoeaee*oooeooo*o 60 APPENDIXIV-MAPS l e*e*eeeoeoeeeeeee*eeoe**e l *ee*e*eeoeeee*ooooooo 61 David A. Vaccari, Ph.D. Envirosystems, Co. January, 1988 The purpose of this inventory of natural resources in Jersey City, New Jersey is to develop a catalog which can be used in planning development efforts to ensure compatibility with preservation and restoration goals. These data cm be used for Master Plans and other land use decisions. , Municipal authorities will find the information contained herein useful for .reviewing site plans, although it does not have site- specific information. It can also be used for special purposes such as Green Acres proposals. Developers will find the information useful for obtaining a regional perspective for their project, and for identifying considerations which may need to be addressed in their proposal. The public will also find the report informative, as it puts in jl JEEISEY CITY ERI -mcN p-2 one place a wealth of information on the natural history of Jersey City and the quality of its environment. Previously, this information could only be obtained by sifting through numerous scattered reports. N&lx3ds armd Sources of Information This work represents a compilation of existing data obtained from a variety of reports, each of which for the most part concern a . particular site in or near Jersey City. These reports represent Environmental Assessments or other planning studies performed for a 1 development project. ’As the most intensive activity is located in industrial areas, mostly along ‘the Hudson waterfront, these areas are best represented. Relatively little specific infont&ion is available concerning residential sections of the City. A complete.list of the references used is contained in the appendix, and are cited where used in the text. This report, the first of two parts, concerns itself exclusively with non-biological resources. Part II of this work deals with this remaining aspect of” Jersey City’s environment. Conclusions and Recomendations In developing this report, the areas where more information is needed became, apparent. &tailed surveys of soil and. groundwater in the residential and business sections are not available. Some information on this may be available from studies done for construction, such as for office buildings. To a, large degree, this report has become an inventory of environmental quality. In this it is incomplete. ‘For example, the true extent of the chromium contamination problem is still in the process of discovery at this writing. Water quality data on the few surface water features within the City are not available. The development of this report revealed the following as some of - the major items which should be given priority in preservation or restoration efforts: . open space and public access to the waterfront and scenic views: .This is a readily apparent problem in such a heavily developed city as Jersey City. At this juncture a. number of &p&xtuniti& exist to improve, this situation. Tracts of unused or inaccessible land exist which could fill-this need. Examples include reservoir no. 2 in the Heights section and Lincoln Park West. Some abandoned industrial sites may be used. This is already being done in Liberty Park. f. 1 Soil quality: This relates to the open space problem since the presence of chromium contaminated soil at some sites limits their l usefulness. At this writing a remedial investigation, which would identify the extent of the problem, has not been made public. Surface water quality: Although the waters surrounding the City are not classified as being for contact recreation, it is inevitable that some members of the public will contact it. As a result, the waters constitute a health risk to the public. Although Jersey City contributes to the situation due to its combined sewers, this is a regional problem. It must be recognized that it would be very expensive to eliminate this source of pollution. Air quality: Air quality violations for Jersey City or its area have been found for ozone, carbon monoxide, and total suspended / particulates. The last of these has been reduced below standards in recent years. The first two are largely due to vehicular pollution. Carbon monoxide is emitted directly by vehicles, and is a serious’ problem near major intersections and highways. Ozone is produced in the atmosphere from exhaust constituents. It is a regional problem which will only respond to-regional solutions. Noise: Violations of noise standards have been measured on Jersey City streets. .This is related to the type and volume of traffic on City streets; industrial activity is less significant. PA[LE 4 . avEiffv1[Ew OF JERSEY CITY The population of Jersey City was measured in the 1980 census to . be 223,532 [ll, This is a 14% decline from 1970. The population for the year 2000 has been projected to be 271,500 [2]. The size of the City is 16 square miles, thus the population density is 1,42O/sq mi. Location Jersey City is in northeastern New Jersey. The state is divided into four physiographic provinces arranged in bands which run from northeast to southwest.
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