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Desafios Do Cuidado WWW.REVISTAPESQUISA.FAPESP.BR JANEIRO DE 2021 JANEIRO DE 2021 | ANO 22, N. 299 PESQUISA FAPESP DESAFIOS DO CUIDADO Aumenta o número de pessoas que demandam serviços de assistência, obrigando os países a repensar seus sistemas de atenção; no Brasil, protagonismo continua familiar Covid-19: a complexidade Apenas 15% Rede de Pterossauros Cresce o número dos filmes estradas podem ter de brasileiros n. 299 da distribuição das vacinas; nacionais foram conectava se originado entre os 22 as startups que criaram os dirigidos por aldeias e culturas de pequenos pesquisadores Ano primeiros imunizantes aprovados; mulheres entre pré-colombianas répteis mais citados o impacto das mutações do vírus 2001 e 2010 na Amazônia terrestres em 2020 revistapesquisa.fapesp.br FOLHEIE A PESQUISA FAPESP ONDE ESTIVER Leia a revista na plataforma ISSUU Faça o download de edições PARA RECEBER OS AVISOS, É SÓ SE CADASTRAR ISSUU.COM/PESQUISAFAPESP APROVEITE ! FOTOLAB O CONHECIMENTO EM IMAGENS Sua pesquisa rende fotos bonitas? Mande para [email protected] Seu trabalho poderá ser publicado na revista. Estrelas submarinas Quando perturbados – seja por um cutucão ou um facho de luz –, os tunicados Pirosoma atlanticum emitem luz azul-esverdeada. Pirosoma significa “corpo de fogo”, e esses tunicados são colônias de minúsculos organismos marinhos que flutuam nas profundezas escuras, formando agregados esponjosos que chegam a 15 metros de comprimento. Ainda não se sabe qual o benefício do brilho, mas o mecanismo bioquímico acaba de ser desvendado (Scientific Reports, 20 de outubro). Eles produzem a bioluminescência a partir de uma enzima luciferase, batizada como PyroLuc. Imagem enviada pelo químico Anderson Garbuglio de Oliveira, professor do Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP) DAVID GRUBER / CITY UNIVERSITY YORK DAVID DE NOVA FOTO PESQUISA FAPESP 299 | 3 299 1 3 FOTOLAB COVID-19 CAPA PALEONTOLOGIA 6 COMENTÁRIOS 18 Em meio a incertezas, 32 Aumento na expectativa 56 Grupo de pequenos 7 CARTA DA EDITORA São Paulo anuncia o plano de vida e novos arranjos vertebrados terrestres estadual de vacinação familiares ampliam foram os parentes 8 BOAS PRÁTICAS a demanda por cuidadores mais próximos Software aponta 20 Os desafios de dos pterossauros conflitos de interesse distribuir a vacina 38 Na América Latina, entre revisores e imunizar a população 47 milhões de pessoas ARQUEOLOGIA e autores de artigos trabalham na área 60 Redes de estradas 24 Vacinas das empresas conectavam aldeias distantes 11 DADOS BioNTech/Pfizer e Moderna ENTREVISTA até 10 quilômetros na Queda nos números resultam de investimentos 40 O cientista da Amazônia pré-colombiana de ingressantes prévios na tecnologia computação Silvio Meira e de concluintes de RNA mensageiro fala sobre as oportunidades BOTÂNICA em engenharia da era digital no país 64 Árvores de clima 28 Mutações do Sars-Cov-2, tropical crescem ARQUIVO PESSOAL ADELIA SAMPAIO / 12 NOTAS como as verificadas BIBLIOMETRIA mais rápido, mas vivem 16 NOTAS DA PANDEMIA no Reino Unido, 46 Lista de menos que espécies de preocupam cientistas pesquisadores altamente áreas frias citados tem mais PAULO CESAR MAURO PAULO brasileiros em 2020 ENTREVISTA 66 Formado no Brasil, FOTO PUBLICAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA psiquiatra argentino 52 Plano de acesso Gustavo Turecki investiga aberto entra em vigor as causas do suicídio com ambições ALEXANDRE AFFONSO ALEXANDRE AFFONSO e alcance reduzidos JANEIRO 2021 ILUSTRAÇÃO ONCOLOGIA AUDIOVISUAL WWW.REVISTAPESQUISA.FAPESP.BR 70 Risco de câncer de 82 Estudos investigam reto voltar é menos de 5% o papel das mulheres Leia no site a edição da revista em português, inglês se paciente foi tratado em produções e espanhol, além de conteúdo exclusivo apenas com rádio cinematográficas e quimioterapia e se manteve livre de tumores ARQUIVOLOGIA por três anos 86 Cadernos de pesquisa registram VÍDEO YOUTUBE.COM/USER/PESQUISAFAPESP ASTROFÍSICA experiências e podem 72 Estrela e planeta se servir como fonte de formam simultaneamente informações no futuro em sistema alimentado por nuvem de gás 91 MEMÓRIA AGRONOMIA No final do século XIX, 74 Mapeamento mineral médicos começaram do solo pode elevar a desenvolver a pediatria produtividade da no Brasil agricultura e reduzir seu Na construção de arcos de violino, impacto ambiental 95 CARREIRAS cada madeira é única Cientista de dados O biólogo Eduardo Longui e o arqueteiro ENGENHARIA AERONÁUTICA é profissional Daniel Lombardi explicam que o uso 79 Primeiro drone em alta no mercado, para fins musicais depende das propriedades militar de grande porte com múltiplas de cada espécie feito no Brasil alça voo possibilidades de atuação bit.ly/igVArcos Como a arquitetura pode auxiliar no combate a epidemias? Criar ambientes mais saudáveis, a fim de reduzir o risco de contaminações, tornou-se uma preocupação de arquitetos e urbanistas no século XIX bit.ly/igVArquiPandemia 2 PODCAST 1. Representação gráfica da espícula do vírus Sars-CoV-2, Os impactos na biodiversidade sujeita a mutação (COVID-19, P. 28) do Pantanal de uma temporada de 2. Adélia Sampaio, apontada Ilustração de capa como a primeira cineasta negra incêndios sem precedentes LINOCA SOUZA no Brasil (AUDIOVISUAL, P. 82) bit.ly/igPBR20nov20 COMENTÁRIOS [email protected] CONTATOS revistapesquisa.fapesp.br [email protected] provável que os doutorandos sem bolsa sejam profissionais liberais. Certamente eles são PesquisaFapesp mais numerosos (na condição “sem bolsa”) PesquisaFapesp que astrônomos, físicos teóricos ou cientis- tas políticos. Por extensão, parece-me que pesquisa_fapesp estar na carreira universitária, buscar seu PesquisaFAPESP caminho para a progressão no magistério são fatores que favorecem a obtenção da bolsa. pesquisafapesp Gerson Ferreira Filho [email protected] Vídeo R. Joaquim Antunes, 727 Um exemplo fantástico mostrando que, na 10º andar vida, todos os conhecimentos são comple- Cana transgênica CEP 05415-012 mentares (“Arcos de violino”). Cana-de-açúcar resistente a glifosato só serve São Paulo, SP Camila de Lima Braga à indústria agrícola que planeja o alto mono- cultivo da planta com uso de herbicida. In- Que delícia a pesquisa desse vídeo. sustentável no longo prazo e para o ambiente ASSINATURAS, Giovanna Cortese (“Nova cana transgênica”, edição 298). RENOVAÇÃO E MUDANÇA Cesar Coelho DE ENDEREÇO Envie um e-mail para [email protected] Bolsistas e não bolsistas Não me parecem justas as ponderações de Pesquisa na quarentena Sérgio Salles-Filho sobre o desempenho in- Frutos da ciência bem planejada (“Foi uma PARA ANUNCIAR ferior de doutores “não bolsistas” quando honra sermos os primeiros usuários externos Contate: Paula Iliadis comparados aos bolsistas, em especial os da do Sirius”, depoimento de Aline Nakamura e E-mail: FAPESP (“Impactos da pesquisa na socie- Andre Godoy). [email protected] dade”, edição 297). Há pontos que não fo- Olavo Motta ram considerados. Muitos profissionais que buscam o doutorado fazem-no às próprias EDIÇÕES ANTERIORES Preço atual de capa custas, simplesmente porque não precisam Yvonne Maggie acrescido do custo da bolsa: não estão focados na carreira do- Interessantíssima a entrevista com Yvonne de postagem. cente universitária, querem principalmente Maggie (“Antropóloga das religiões afro-bra- Peça pelo e-mail: aprofundar conhecimentos. Publicam menos sileiras”, edição 295). Ela fala sobre carreira, [email protected] do que os bolsistas porque, para eles, importa ciência, fé e, claro, a polêmica das cotas. menos do que para os que estão buscando a Grazi Silotto LICENCIAMENTO progressão na carreira do magistério, e es- DE CONTEÚDO crever em alto nível requer tempo que deve Sua opinião é bem-vinda. As mensagens poderão ser resumidas Adquira os direitos de ser subtraído de suas atividades normais. É por motivo de espaço e clareza. reprodução de textos e imagens de Pesquisa FAPESP. E-mail: [email protected] Notícias que você lê no site de Pesquisa FAPESP bit.ly/igSertaoSaara Mudanças no clima e na insolação nos últimos 10 mil anos devem ter moldado as atuais paisagens na América do Sul e África Caverna do Trapiá (RN), onde pesquisadores coletaram estalagmites para reconstituir o clima do semiárido SOLON ALMEIDA NETTO ALMEIDA SOLON 6 | JANEIRO DE 2021 CARTA DA EDITORA FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO PRESIDENTE Marco Antonio Zago VICE-PRESIDENTE Ronaldo Aloise Pilli CONSELHO SUPERIOR Cuidados necessários Carmino Antonio de Souza, Helena Bonciani Nader, Ignácio Maria Poveda Velasco, João Fernando Gomes de Oliveira, Liedi Legi Bariani Bernucci, Mayana Zatz, Mozart Neves Ramos, Pedro Luiz Barreiros Passos, Pedro Wongtschowski, Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani Alexandra Ozorio de Almeida | DIRETORA DE REDAÇÃO CONSELHO TÉCNICO-ADMINISTRATIVO DIRETOR-PRESIDENTE Carlos Américo Pacheco DIRETOR CIENTÍFICO cirurgiã Angelita Habr-Gama se ineficazes os imunizantes que começam Luiz Eugênio Mello dedica a desenvolver estratégias a ser aplicados. Reportagem à página 28 DIRETOR ADMINISTRATIVO de tratamento que poupem pa- mostra que as alterações genéticas nes- Fernando Menezes de Almeida A cientes com câncer de reto das operações ses patógenos são bastante comuns e para amputação do órgão. Resultados não necessariamente afetam a estratégia ISSN 1519-8774 da pesquisa que seu grupo desenvolve imunológica, mas demandam atenção CONSELHO EDITORIAL desde os anos 1990 foram publicados e acompanhamento. A cobertura sobre Caio Túlio Costa, Eugênio Bucci, Fernando Reinach, José Eduardo Krieger, Luiz Davidovich, Marcelo Knobel, Maria Hermínia Tavares no mês passado, mostrando que
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