DOCSLIB.ORG

First Record of Fossil Procyonid (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Uruguay T ∗ Leopoldo H

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
First Record of Fossil Procyonid (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Uruguay T ∗ Leopoldo H Journal of South American Earth Sciences 92 (2019) 368–373 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames First record of fossil procyonid (Mammalia, Carnivora) from Uruguay T ∗ Leopoldo H. Soibelzona, , Andrés Rinderknechtb, Juliana Tarquinic, Raúl Ugalded,e a CONICET, Laboratorio de Morfología Evolutiva y Desarrollo (MORPHOS), División Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA, La Plata, Argentina b Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, 25 de Mayo 582, CC 399, Montevideo, 11000, Uruguay c Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción (CICYTTP-CONICET, Gob. de Entre Ríos, UADER), Materi y España s/n, E3105BWA, Diamante, Argentina d PEDECIBA Geociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, Uruguay e Escuela de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Manuel Montt 367, Santiago, Chile ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Procyonids were the first carnivorans that arrived from North America to South America during the late Camacho formation Miocene, before the full emergence of the Panama Isthmus. In South America, this family comprises five living Cyonasua genera (Bassaricyon, Nasua, Nasuella, Potos and Procyon) and two extinct genera (Cyonasua and Chapalmalania) Procyonidae that are recorded from the late Miocene to early Pleistocene. In this contribution, we report and describe spe- Late Miocene cimen MNHN 2965 assigned to Cyonasua sp., which represents the first record of Procyonidae from Uruguay. South America This specimen was collected at the coastal cliffs of Río de La Plata on the San José Department, in stratigraphic Uruguay levels that belong to the Camacho Formation (late Miocene). In addition, the presence of Cyonasua sp. in Camacho Fm. is in agreement with the substrate use and locomotor mode inferred for the genus (terrestrial and generalized, with some degree of climbing habits), and with what is known about the paleoenvironment of other formations were Cyonasua was found. 1. Introduction called “Cyonasua group”, then Forasiepi et al. (2014) demonstrated that they are a monophyletic group sharing a common ancestor with living Procyonids were the first eutherian carnivorans that arrived from procyonids. North America to South America during the late Miocene (Soibelzon There are ten formally named species of Cyonasua: C. argentina and Prevosti, 2007, 2012; Prevosti and Soibelzon, 2012), before the Ameghino (1885), C. brevirostris (Moreno and Mercerat, 1891), C. marine barrier, that separates North and South America, vanished circa longirostris (Rovereto, 1914), C. pascuali Linares (1981), C. groeberi 2.8 Ma (O'Dea et al., 2016). It is important to note that recent South Kraglievich and Reig (1954), C. lutaria (Cabrera, 1936), C. clausa American procyonids (Potos Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier, 1795; (Ameghino, 1904), C. robusta (Rovereto, 1914), C. argentinus Procyon Storr, 1780; Nasua Storr, 1780; Bassaricyon Allen, 1876; and (Burmeister, 1891) and C. meranii (Ameghino and Kraglievich, 1925), Nasuella Hollister, 1915) represent a second invasion from North or and a comprehensive taxonomic revision of these taxa is in progress. Central America during the latest Pleistocene-Holocene (Prevosti and One of the major problems is related to the nature of the holotypes, Soibelzon, 2012). since several of them are represented only by fragments of mandible or Five fossil procyonid genera were named in the past in South maxilla with very worn teeth and/or represented only by first to third America: Cyonasua Ameghino, 1885, Oligobunis, Burmeister (1891), premolars (P/p 1–3) without any systematic value (e.g., Cyonasua Pachynasua, Ameghino (1904), Brachynasua, Ameghino and Kraglievich clausa, C. robusta, C. argentinus). Additionally, most specimens in col- (1925), and Chapalmalania, Ameghino (1908). Of these only two are lections are catalogued as Cyonasua sp. or were assigned to species considered valid today (Cyonasua and Chapalmalania, Patterson and without explicit criteria (e.g., lower teeth assigned to a species which Pascual, 1972; Berman, 1994; Soibelzon and Prevosti, 2007; Soibelzon, holotype is a fragment of skull with some molars). Most specimens are 2011; Soibelzon and Prevosti, 2012; Forasiepi et al., 2014). Patterson classified based on where they were collected, at the same (or near) the and Pascual (1972) considered that both genera constitute a clade locality where the holotype of the referred species was collected. ∗ Corresponding author. Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/nº, B1900FWA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (L.H. Soibelzon), [email protected] (A. Rinderknecht), [email protected] (J. Tarquini), [email protected] (R. Ugalde). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2019.03.024 Received 11 January 2019; Received in revised form 21 March 2019; Accepted 22 March 2019 Available online 27 March 2019 0895-9811/ © 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd. L.H. Soibelzon, et al. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 92 (2019) 368–373 On the other hand, Chapalmalania includes two species: Ch. ortog- natha and Ch. altaefrontis whose holotypes are very well preserved. These two genera could be easily distinguished by their size and pre- dicted body mass, with Chapalmalania (88 kg; Prevosti and Forasiepi, 2018) much more robust than Cyonasua (range between 12.63 and 28.45 kg; Tarquini et al., 2018). The fossil record of Cyonasua is late Miocene to early Pleistocene (Huayquerian to Ensenadan Ages) while Chapalmalania is only recorded at the late Pliocene (Chapadmalalan to Marplatan Ages) Soibelzon and Prevosti (2012). Until now, the “Cyonasua group” was recorded in three countries: Argentina (late Miocene-early Pleistocene), Colombia (late Pliocene) and Venezuela (late Pliocene) (Soibelzon and Prevosti, 2012; Forasiepi et al., 2014). In this paper we describe the first record of Cyonasua sp. for the late Miocene (Camacho Formation) of Uruguay as a contribution to un- derstanding the natural history of these carnivorans in South America. Also we include some considerations on the paleoecology of Cyonasua. 2. Geological setting 2.1. Locality, age and geology The fossil-bearing strata are located in southwestern Uruguay (San José Department; 34° 34′ 38″S, 56° 58′ 32″W), in exposures of the coastal cliffs which are part of the Río de La Plata littoral platform (Fig. 1). Fig. 2. Stratigraphic section of the Puerto Arazatí exposures, with Cyonasua remains from the basal greenish claystone level. It also has two distinctive Crassostrea levels, at the base and at the upper portion. The right colored columns show different stratigraphic proposals for the units outcropping at the locality, with contrast on the upper contact of the Camacho Formation. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is re- ferred to the Web version of this article.) The lithostratigraphic units recognized from base to top are the Camacho (late Miocene), Raigón (Pliocene and Pleistocene) and Libertad (Pleistocene) formations (Bossi and Navarro, 1991; McDonald and Perea, 2002; Bossi et al., 2009; Tófalo et al., 2009; Perea et al., 2013). The first two units yield many vertebrate fossils, including a variety of cingulates, ground sloths, rodents and notoungulates (Vizcaíno et al., 2003; Rinderknecht et al., 2011, 2018; Perea et al., 2013). The remains described here were found in levels of the Camacho Formation (Fig. 2). This unit in Uruguay represents an extended late Miocene highstand eustatic event regionally known as the Paranean transgression or Paranean Sea (Sprechmann et al., 2000). In the San José Department, this includes facies related to a regressive phase, characterizing a shallow marine environment on a siliciclastic shelf. Terrestrial and marine vertebrates, in association with marine in- vertebrates and ichnofossils, comprise the main fossil assemblage Fig. 1. Study location and main places mentioned in the text. a) Broad and (Ubilla et al., 1990; Perea et al., 1996, 2013; Sprechmann et al., 2000; simplified map of the Uruguayan southwestern margin, showing yellow areas as Perea, 2005). The sediments of the Camacho Formation are formed by reference for Neogene sedimentary outcrops, the bigger coastal cities and the 87 86 greenish-grey friable claystones and mudstones that become greenish- Cantera Geymonat locality, where the Sr/ Sr ages were taken. b) Detail of the eastern San José Departament coast and the two principal localities for the brownish and slightly coarser toward the top. The lower boundary is Camacho Formation, Puerto Arazatí and Kiyú. (For interpretation of the re- not exposed. Former stratigraphic proposal (McDonald and Perea, ferences to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version 2002; Tófalo et al., 2006; Bossi et al., 2009; Perea et al., 2013) sug- of this article.) gested different positions for the upper contact of the Camacho 369 L.H. Soibelzon, et al. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 92 (2019) 368–373 Fig. 3. Field attributes of the Puerto Arazatí outcrops of the Camacho Formation. a) Panoramic composite looking north of the coastal cliffs at the locality, showing the characteristic erosion patter in the upper levels, belonging to the Raigón Formation. The thin whitish, planar levels
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mammalia: Carnivora) in the Americas: Past to Present
    Journal of Mammalian Evolution https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-020-09496-8 ORIGINAL PAPER Environmental Drivers and Distribution Patterns of Carnivoran Assemblages (Mammalia: Carnivora) in the Americas: Past to Present Andrés Arias-Alzate1,2 & José F. González-Maya3 & Joaquín Arroyo-Cabrales4 & Rodrigo A. Medellín5 & Enrique Martínez-Meyer2 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Understanding species distributions and the variation of assemblage structure in time and space are fundamental goals of biogeography and ecology. Here, we use an ecological niche modeling and macroecological approach in order to assess whether constraints patterns in carnivoran richness and composition structures in replicated assemblages through time and space should reflect environmental filtering through ecological niche constraints from the Last Inter-glacial (LIG), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present (C) time. Our results suggest a diverse distribution of carnivoran co-occurrence patterns at the continental scale as a result of spatial climatic variation as an important driver constrained by the ecological niches of the species. This influence was an important factor restructuring assemblages (more directly on richness than composition patterns) not only at the continental level, but also from regional and local scales and this influence was geographically different throughout the space in the continent. These climatic restrictions and disruption of the niche during the environmental changes at the LIG-LGM-C transition show a considerable shift in assemblage richness and composition across the Americas, which suggests an environ- mental filtering mainly during the LGM, explaining between 30 and 75% of these variations through space and time, with more accentuated changes in North than South America.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammals and Stratigraphy : Geochronology of the Continental Mammal·Bearing Quaternary of South America
    MAMMALS AND STRATIGRAPHY : GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE CONTINENTAL MAMMAL·BEARING QUATERNARY OF SOUTH AMERICA by Larry G. MARSHALLI, Annallsa BERTA'; Robert HOFFSTETTER', Rosendo PASCUAL', Osvaldo A. REIG', Miguel BOMBIN', Alvaro MONES' CONTENTS p.go Abstract, Resume, Resumen ................................................... 2, 3 Introduction .................................................................. 4 Acknowledgments ............................................................. 6 South American Pleistocene Land Mammal Ages ....... .. 6 Time, rock, and faunal units ...................... .. 6 Faunas....................................................................... 9 Zoological character and history ................... .. 9 Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary ................................................ 12 Argentina .................................................................... 13 Pampean .................................................................. 13 Uquian (Uquiense and Puelchense) .......................................... 23 Ensenadan (Ensenadense or Pampeano Inferior) ............................... 28 Lujanian (LuJanense or Pampeano lacus/re) .................................. 29 Post Pampean (Holocene) ........... :....................................... 30 Bolivia ................ '...................................................... ~. 31 Brazil ........................................................................ 37 Chile ........................................................................ 44 Colombia
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of the Procyonidae (Mammalia: Carnivora): Molecules, Morphology and the Great American Interchange
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43 (2007) 1076–1095 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny of the Procyonidae (Mammalia: Carnivora): Molecules, morphology and the Great American Interchange a, b c a Klaus-Peter KoepXi ¤, Matthew E. Gompper , Eduardo Eizirik , Cheuk-Chung Ho , Leif Linden a, Jesus E. Maldonado d, Robert K. Wayne a a Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA b Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, University of Missouri, Colombia, MO 65211, USA c Faculdade de Biociencias, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Predio 12, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil d Smithsonian Institution, NMNH/NZP—Genetic Program, 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA Received 10 June 2006; revised 22 September 2006; accepted 2 October 2006 Available online 11 October 2006 Abstract The Procyonidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) have played a central role in resolving the controversial systematics of the giant and red pandas, but phylogenetic relationships of species within the family itself have received much less attention. Cladistic analyses of morpho- logical characters conducted during the last two decades have resulted in topologies that group ecologically and morphologically similar taxa together. SpeciWcally, the highly arboreal and frugivorous kinkajou (Potos Xavus) and olingos (Bassaricyon) deWne one clade, whereas the more terrestrial and omnivorous coatis (Nasua), raccoons (Procyon), and ringtails (Bassariscus) deWne another clade, with the similar-sized Nasua and Procyon joined as sister taxa in this latter group. These relationships, however, have not been tested with molecu- lar sequence data. We examined procyonid phylogenetics based on combined data from nine nuclear and two mitochondrial gene seg- ments totaling 6534 bp.
    [Show full text]
  • New Radiometric 40Ar–39Ar Dates and Faunistic Analyses Refine
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refne evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America Francisco J. Prevosti1,2*, Cristo O. Romano2,3, Analía M. Forasiepi2,3, Sidney Hemming4, Ricardo Bonini2,5, Adriana M. Candela2,6, Esperanza Cerdeño2,3, M. Carolina Madozzo Jaén2,7,8, Pablo E. Ortiz2,7, François Pujos2,3, Luciano Rasia2,6, Gabriela I. Schmidt2,9, Matias Taglioretti10,11,12, Ross D. E. MacPhee13 & Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas2,14,15 The vertebrate fossil record of the Pampean Region of Argentina occupies an important place in South American vertebrate paleontology. An abundance of localities has long been the main basis for constructing the chronostratigraphical/geochronological scale for the late Neogene–Quaternary of South America, as well as for understanding major patterns of vertebrate evolution, including the Great American Biotic Interchange. However, few independently-derived dates are available for constraining this record. In this contribution, we present new 40Ar/39Ar dates on escorias (likely the product of meteoric impacts) from the Argentinean Atlantic coast and statistically-based biochronological analyses that help to calibrate Late Miocene–Pliocene Pampean faunal successions. For the type areas of the Montehermosan and Chapadmalalan Ages/Stages, our results delimit their age ranges to 4.7–3.7 Ma and ca. 3.74–3.04 Ma, respectively. Additionally, from Buenos Aires Province, dates of 5.17 Ma and 4.33 Ma were recovered for “Huayquerian” and Montehermosan faunas. This information helps to better calibrate important frst appearances of allochthonous taxa in South America, including one of the oldest records for procyonids (7.24–5.95 Ma), cricetids (6.95– 5.46 Ma), and tayassuids (> 3.74 Ma, oldest high-confdence record).
    [Show full text]
  • Revisión Taxonómica De Parahyaenodon Argentinus Ameghino Y Sus Implicancias En El Conocimiento De Los Grandes Mamíferos Carnívoros Del Mio-Plioceno De América De Sur
    AMEGHINIANA (Rev. Asoc. Paleontol. Argent.) - 44 (1): 143-159. Buenos Aires, 30-3-2007 ISSN 0002-7014 Revisión taxonómica de Parahyaenodon argentinus Ameghino y sus implicancias en el conocimiento de los grandes mamíferos carnívoros del Mio-Plioceno de América de Sur Analía M. FORASIEPI1-2, Agustín G. MARTINELLI2 y Francisco J. GOIN3 Abstract. TAXONOMIC REVISION OF PARAHYAENODON ARGENTINUS AMEGHINO AND ITS IMPLICANCES FOR THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE MIO-PLIOCENE LARGE CARNIVOROUS MAMMALS OF SOUTH AMERICA. Parahyaenodon argenti- nus, from the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene of Monte Hermoso (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), was recognized by Ameghino in 1904, who regarded it as Hyaenodontidae (Eutheria, Creodonta). Based on its dental features, later authors assigned P. argentinus to Borhyaeninae (Metatheria, Sparassodonta, Borhyaenidae). Thus, this taxon would have represented the last known borhyaenid. A new analysis of the type and only known specimen led us to reassign P. argentinus to Procyonidae (Eutheria, Carnivora). In this context, the biochron of Borhyaeninae extends up just to Late Miocene (Huayquerian Age), being cf. Borhyaena and possibly Eutemnodus the last known representatives of this subfamily. Based on these re- sults and in the first records of carnivorous placental immigrants in South America, it is evident that there was no “competitive displacement” between metatherian and eutherian carnivores: there is a gap of no less than four Ma between the extinction of the last Borhyaeninae and the arrival of their alleged ecologi- cal counterparts, the Carnivora. Resumen. Parahyaenodon argentinus, del Mioceno Tardío-Plioceno Temprano de Monte Hermoso (provin- cia de Buenos Aires, Argentina) fue dado a conocer por Ameghino en 1904 como un Hyaenodontidae (Eutheria, Creodonta).
    [Show full text]
  • Del Mioceno Superior De La Formacion Cerro Azul (Provincia De La Pampa, Argentina) F
    Estudios Geol., 56: 101-126 (2000) LOS MARSUPIALES (MAMMALIA) DEL MIOCENO SUPERIOR DE LA FORMACION CERRO AZUL (PROVINCIA DE LA PAMPA, ARGENTINA) F. J. Güin *, C. 1. Müntalvü ** y G. Viscünti ** RESUMEN Se describe la asociación de marsupiales sudamericanos fósiles de edad Huayquerien­ se (Mioceno tardío) más completa hasta ahora conocida. Los ejemplares fueron exhuma­ dos de varias localidades fosilíferas nuevas del centro y norte de la provincia de La Pampa (Argentina central), en sedimentos asignables a la Formación Cerro Azul: Bajo Giuliani, Quehué, Telén, El Guanaco y Laguna Chillhué. El conjunto de las sedimentitas loessoides analizadas en los diferentes afloramientos de esta formación indica la existen­ cia de depósitos lacustres en la base, a los que suprayacen niveles eólicos, ambos con evidencias pedogenéticas. El análisis de estas sedimentitas en cada una de las localidades estudiadas, permitió correlacionarlas en un perfil integrado de la Formación Cerro Azul. Esta formación es correlacionable con la «Formación Epecuén», al menos en la localidad Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo y, probablemente, con los términos superiores de la Forma­ ción Arroyo Chasicó. Los marsupiales fósiles exhumados representan la casi totalidad de los grandes linajes (órdenes) de este grupo existentes en América del Sur durante el Neó• geno. El didélfido marmosino Zygolestes tatei sp. nov. se distingue de la especie tipo del género por su tamaño algo mayor, el tercer premolar inferior no reducido y por la menor reducción del metacónido en el último molar inferior. Otro marmosino, Thylamys pinei sp. nov., se diferencia del resto de los Marmosini conocidos por la gran proximidad entre el paracónido y el metacónido en los molares inferiores y la gran anchura del talónido en el m4.
    [Show full text]
  • Exceptional Skull of Huayqueriana (Mammalia, Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) from the Late Miocene of Argentina: Anatomy, Systematics, and Paleobiological Implications
    EXCEPTIONAL SKULL OF HUAYQUERIANA (M AMMALIA, LITOPTERNA, M ACRAUCHENIIDAE) FROM THE L ATE MIOCENE OF ARGENTINA: ANATOMY, SYSTEMATICS, AND PALEOBIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS ANALÍA M. FORASIEPI, ROSS D.E. MacPHEE, SANTIAGO HERNÁNDEZ DEL PINO, GABRIELA I. SCHMIDT, ELI AMSON, AND CAMILLE GROHÉ BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY EXCEPTIONAL SKULL OF HUAYQUERIANA (MAMMALIA, LITOPTERNA, MACRAUCHENIIDAE) FROM THE LATE MIOCENE OF ARGENTINA: ANATOMY, SYSTEMATICS, AND PALEOBIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS ANALÍA M. FORASIEPI IANIGLA, CCT- Mendoza, CONICET ROSS D. E. MacPHEE Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History SANTIAGO HERNÁNDEZ DEL PINO IANIGLA, CCT- Mendoza, CONICET GABRIELA I. SCHMIDT Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados (CICYTTP-CONICET) ELI AMSON Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich CAMILLE GROHÉ Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Number 404, 76 pp., 30 figures, 5 tables Issued June 22, 2016 Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2016 ISSN 0003-0090 CONTENTS Abstract.............................................................................. 3 Introduction.......................................................................... 3 Geographical and geological contexts................................................... 5 Material and methods ................................................................ 7 Abbreviations ......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth and Environmental Science
    Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth and Environmental Science Volume 106 2016 Part 4 2016 EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Form, Function volume 106 part 4 2016 and T Palaeobiology RANSACTIONS OF THE Special Issue R OYAL Transactions available on-line: S Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh is available on subscription as both OCIETY OF Form, Function print plus online and online only. (Online ISSN: 1755-6929). See inside front cover for ordering details. and As from 2007 (volume 98), this journal has been hosted by the Cambridge Core service (formerly Cambridge CJO https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and- E Journals Online - ), which can be found at DINBURGH VOL. 106, 207–349 Palaeobiology environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh This page on the Cambridge Core site also includes, under ‘All issues’, the complete digitised archive of the journal under its former titles of Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences (volumes 71–97, 1980–2006) and Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (volumes 1–70, 1785–1979). Feedback: All comments are welcome – either regarding the quality and usability of the electronic product or the process of registration online. Please send comments to: [email protected] (Issue date 9 February 2017) ISSN 1755-6910; TREASO 106, 207–349 (2016); ISBN 978 0 902198 82 1 Published on behalf of the RSE by the RSE Scotland Foundation, 22–26 George Street, Edinburgh EH2 2PQ Typeset and printed* in the UK by Henry Ling Limited, at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, DT1 1HD Distributed and Marketed by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK The RSE Scotland Foundation, a charitable body connected to The Royal Society of Edinburgh, is Scottish Charity No.
    [Show full text]
  • Intra- and Interspecific Variation in Tooth Morphology of Procyon
    Published by Associazione Teriologica Italiana Volume 27 (2): 188–193, 2016 Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy Available online at: http://www.italian-journal-of-mammalogy.it doi:10.4404/hystrix–11647 Research Article Intra- and interspecific variation in tooth morphology of Procyon cancrivorus and P. lotor (Carnivora, Procyonidae), and its bearing on the taxonomy of fossil South American procyonids Sergio G. Rodriguez1,∗, Cecilia C. Morgan2, Leopoldo H. Soibelzon3, Eric Lynch4 1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 122 y 60, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Sección Mastozoología, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas 3División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas 4Department of Geosciences and Don Sundquist Center of Excellence in Paleontology, Box 70357, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614, USA Keywords: Abstract Procyonidae Procyon cancrivorus The family Procyonidae (raccoons, coatis, olingos, ringtails, kinkajous, and their extinct relatives) Procyon lotor consists of six extant genera and is restricted to North and South America. Currently recognized interspecific dental variation fossil species suggest that procyonid diversity was previously much greater, including six extinct intraspecific dental variation genera throughout South America. However, it is unusual that so many confamilial taxa are rep- resented in a relatively brief span of time and restricted geographic region, and, considering that Article history: six of ten are based on badly preserved specimens, often fragments of bone with worn teeth, the Received: 13 December 2015 validity of many of these taxa is suspect.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammalia, Glyptodontidae) from the Pliocene of the Pampean Region (Argentina): Taphonomic and Paleoecological Remarks
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org First evidence of scavenging of a Glyptodont (Mammalia, Glyptodontidae) from the Pliocene of the Pampean region (Argentina): taphonomic and paleoecological remarks Martín de los Reyes, Daniel Poiré, Leopoldo Soibelzon, Alfredo E. Zurita, and M.J. Arrouy ABSTRACT The Cingulata Glyptodontidae (Xenarthra) are one of the most conspicuous Ceno- zoic herbivore clades in South America reaching North America during the Great American Biotic Interchange. The evidence of predation on these large armoured mammals is very scarce and limited to a Pliocene skull (Glyptotherium) in North Amer- ica and some latest Pleistocene-early Holocene specimens in South America, with sig- nals of human consumption. In this contribution, we present the first case of scavenging on a glyptodont belonging to cf. Eosclerocalyptus lineatus (Hoplophorini) from the Pliocene of the Pampean region (Argentina). In addition, we analyze the potential scavengers and the paleoenvironmental context in which this occurred. The evidence suggests that: a) the carcass was covered by a shallow water body, probably an abandoned channel; b) the carcass was completely covered during a brief lapse of time, probably less than a year; c) the morphology of the bite marks clearly coincide with the dentition of the procyonid Chapalmalania (Mammalia, Procyonidae), thus cor- roborating some presumptions about the paleoautoecological trends of this taxon. Martín de los Reyes. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La Plata. Paseo del Bosque s/n (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina [email protected] Daniel Poiré. CIG de Investigaciones Geológicas, UNLP-CONICET, Calle 1 Nº 644, 1900 La Plata, Argentina [email protected] Leopoldo Soibelzon.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammals from the Salicas Formation (Late Miocene), La Rioja Province, Northwestern Argentina: Paleobiogeography, Age, and Paleoenvironment
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Naturalis AMEGHINIANA - 2012 - Tomo 49 (1): xxx - xxx ISSN 0002-7014 MAMMALS FROM THE SALICAS FORMATION (LATE MIOCENE), LA RIOJA PROVINCE, NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA: PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY, AGE, AND PALEOENVIRONMENT DIEGO BRANDONI1, GABRIELA I. SCHMIDT1, ADRIANA M.CANDELA2, JORGE I. NORIEGA1, ERNESTO BRUNETTO1, AND LUCAS E FIORELLI3. 1Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción (CICYTTP-CONICET), Diamante 3105, Argentina. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina. [email protected] 3Departamento de Geociencias, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica (CRILAR-CONICET), 5301 Anillaco, Argentina. lfiorelli@ crilar-conicet.com.ar Abstract. This study analyzes a collection of fossil mammals from the Salicas Formation in the El Degolladito area, La Rioja Province, Ar- gentina. The materials reported herein were recovered from two sites (site 1 and site 2) and are: Macrochorobates Scillato-Yané, Chasicotatus Scillato-Yané, and Hoplophorini indet. (Xenarthra, Cingulata); Paedotherium minor Cabrera, cf Pseudotypotherium Ameghino (Notoun- gulata, Typotheria); Neobrachytherium Soria (Litopterna, Lopholipterna); Orthomyctera Ameghino, cf. Cardiomys Ameghino, Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis) Kraglievich, and Octodontidae indet. (Rodentia, Caviomorpha). This new mammalian assemblage, together with one previ- ously recorded, has several taxa in common with mammalian associations from Central Argentina (i.e., La Pampa Province). Among those coming from Northwestern Argentina, the major affinity is with the El Jarillal Member (Chiquimil Formation) and then the Andalhuala Formation (both in Catamarca Province).
    [Show full text]
  • The Great American Biotic Interchange in Florida
    Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist. (2005) 45(4): 271-311 271 THE GREAT AMERICAN BIOTIC INTERCHANGE IN FLORIDA Gary S. Morgan1 Late Neogene vertebrate faunas from Florida provide the most complete record of South American mammals and birds that arrived in temperate North America during the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). The first major pulse of the GABI began in the early Hemphillian (late Miocene, ~9 Ma), defined in part on the first appearance of two sloths of South American origin, the megalonychid Pliometanastes and the mylodontid Thinobadistes. The type localities of Pliometanastes protistus (McGehee Farm) and Thinobadistes segnis (Mixson’s Bone Bed) are both earliest Hemphillian (8-9 Ma) sites from northern Florida. Pliometanastes evidently gave rise to Megalonyx in the late Hemphillian. The latest Hemphillian (~5 Ma) Palmetto Fauna documents the earliest occurrence of Megalonyx in Florida. The second major pulse of the GABI occurred during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene, from 2.7 to1.5 Ma. The late Blancan is defined by the first appearance in temperate North America of a diverse assemblage of vertebrates from South America, including ten genera, all of which occur in Florida during the late Blancan: the giant flightless bird Titanis, the glyptodont Glyptotherium, the armadillos Dasypus and Pachyarmatherium, the pampathere Holmesina, the mylodontid Glossotherium, the megatheriid Eremotherium, the porcupine Erethizon, and the capy- baras Hydrochaeris and Neochoerus. During the late Blancan, Titanis, Dasypus, Pachyarmatherium, Holmesina, Eremotherium, and Hydrochaeris are primarily restricted to Florida, whereas Glyptotherium, Glossotherium, Erethizon, and Neochoerus are more widespread, occurring in Florida as well as the western United States.
    [Show full text]