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Moroccan Herpetofauna: Area of 446,550 Km 2 (Excluding the Western Distribution Updates Sahara Region)

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Moroccan Herpetofauna: Area of 446,550 Km 2 (Excluding the Western Distribution Updates Sahara Region) 96 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 27 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2014 SHORT NOTE Moroccan herpetofauna: area of 446,550 km 2 (excluding the Western distribution updates Sahara region). It is a unique area of Africa, given the conjunction of the influences of both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Geographical exploration is crucial to Ocean. Its particular location associated fully catalog the extent of biodiversity. It is with the heterogeneity of the landscape cre - an indispensable tool for achieving a more ates an exceptional combination of climac - complete sampling of species and to cor - tic and biological features, which lead to rectly quantify species richness, while also high levels of richness and endemism in the aiding a better understanding on how this herpetofauna. The distribution of the Mo - connects with the ecological requirements roccan amphibians and reptiles is well doc - of the different species and their interactions umented by BONS & G ENIEZ (1996). Since in an ecosystem. Without this knowledge, then, researchers have tried to enhance the conservation efforts are likely to be ineffec - sampling coverage particularly in less tive. Many conservationists focus their explored regions ( HARRIS et al. 2008, 2010; attention in the preservation of areas with BARNESTEIN et al. 2010; BARATA et al. 2011). high levels of biodiversity. The Mediterra - A recent review has greatly improved nean Basin is considered one of the Global knowledge concerning the distribution of Biodiversity Hotspots ( MyERS et al. 2000; amphibians ( BEukEMA et al. 2013). New MITTERMEIER et al. 2004), with the south species location records are constantly European Peninsulas and the western being added to the known species’ ranges, Maghreb comprising most of the species indicating that the full distribution of many richness ( MédAIl & QuéZEl 1999). of them is still unknown. Morocco is a country located in the In the present study, the authors com - western part of the Maghreb region, with an pile the records of an expedition carried out Fig. 1: Map of Morocco, including the sampled localities. For more details, see Table1. SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 27 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2014 SHORT NOTE 97 A B C d E F Fig. 2: distribution maps of the species with the more relevant new records. White circles represent the new localities; black or colored circles represent previously published records ( BONS & G ENIEZ 1996; HARRIS et al. 2008, 2010; BARNESTEIN et al. 2010; BARATA et al. 2011). In the map of Eumeces algeriensis , the different color circles stand for distinct forms, red circles: “ algeriensis form”, blue circles: “ meridionalis form”, and yellow circles: “intermediate form”. All photographs by d. SAlvI . over three weeks during May 2012 that cov - and a detailed listing of species per location ered an extensive area of northern and cen - are given in Table 1. Photographs of most tral Morocco (Fig. 1), crossing very differ - animals are available on request from the ent types of habitat. In total, specimens of authors. Species distributions were com - four amphibian and 37 reptile species were pared with previous literature (see refer - found from 81 localities. GPS coordinates ences above ) and, for species whose new 98 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 27 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2014 SHORT NOTE records hold particular interest, additional and 81. The authors recorded two individu - information is provided in the text that fol - als, tentatively assigned to the subspecies S. lows. More recent taxonomic changes are p. chabanaudi (W ERNER , 1931) (spotted addressed to facilitate comparison with pre - morphotype: localities 26, 29, 81), and S. p. ceding publications. Some reptile species pellegrini (WERNER , 1929) (striped morpho - were found in new locations often linking type: localities 18, 21). However, this spe - previously known populations, especially in cies needs a taxonomic revision due to the the eastern part of northern Morocco. These incongruence between morphological and results highlight the need for further explo - genetic patterns ( HARRIS et al. 2003; PERE- ration of this area, despite several recent RA et al. 2007). herpetological expeditions. Phyllodactylidae – Ptyodactylus Ranidae – Pelophylax saharicus oudrii lATASTE , 1880. localities 57, 68, 69, (BOulENGER , 1913). localities 4, 5, 7, 9, and 73. This taxon encompasses almost cer - 15, 17, 31, 33, 55, 64, 65, 69, 71, 72, and 81. tainly a species complex ( PERERA & H ARRIS Previously named Rana saharica , this 2010) with multiple distinct genetic lineag - species is now assigned to the genus es within Morocco. Although P. oudrii Pelophylax after FROST et al. (2006). Along presents a scattered distribution pattern with with other less notable locations, a new one a relatively low number of records, four (locality 55) is added to the eastern part of more occurrence points were identified dur - its Moroccan range, showing a probable ing this trip. One of these expands the dis - connectivity with the populations around tribution of this species 20 km to the east Figuig, near the Algerian border. (locality 57). Agamidae – Trapelus boehmei Tarentola deserti BOulENGER , 1891. WAGNER et al., 2011. localities 58, 62, and localities 52, and 68 (Fig. 2A). This spe - 63. Trapelus mutabilis (MERREM , 1820) was cies has a distribution restricted to the recently identified as a complex of species south of the Oriental and Meknes-Tafilalet with all populations from Morocco assigned pro vinces. Apart from one prior observa - to T. boehmei (WAGNER et al. 2011). This tion, location 68 is separated more than 50 desert species is widely dispersed south of km from other previous records. There - the Atlas Mountains. The three new records fore, it might be expected that future are in the Oriental province and locality 58 prospecting in this area should result in is more than 45 km from previous records. new findings for this species. Also, the sec - Gekkonidae – Tropiocolotes alge - ond locality (52) represents a geographic ricus lOvERIdGE , 1947. localities 51 and link between two distant populations, sug - 66. Previously considered as a subspecies of gesting T. deserti may have a more contin - T. tripolitanus PETERS , 1880 , BAHA El dIN uous distribution along the Algerian border (2001) classified it as a full species. This in this zone. gecko is found in rocky habitats across the Scincidae – Eumeces algeriensis south half of Morocco. locality 51 is situat - PETERS , 1864. locality 50 (Fig. 2C). A com - ed near Bouarfa and is an additional record in monly found skink in the Mediterranean and an area with fewer observation points. temperate habitats of north and west Moreover, it corresponds to the northernmost Morocco. In the southern portion of eastern know location for this species. Morocco there are far fewer records, gener - lacertidae – Ophisops occidentalis ally assigned to the form “ meridionalis “, BOulENGER , 1887. locality 36. Only one which is variously considered a subspecies specimen was found within this poorly pro - of E. algeriensis , a subspecies of E. schnei - spected region of Morocco. It represents deri (dAudIN , 1802), or a full species (see the northernmost Ophisops record for the EISElT 1940; BONS & GENIEZ 1996; and country, suggesting that the Moroccan pop - SCHlEICH et al. 1996). The individual re - ulations may not be as isolated from the Al - corded in locality 50, near the town of Bou - gerian populations as seems in the map by arfa, was morphologically intermediate be - BONS & GENIEZ (1996). tween E. algeriensis and the “ meridionalis “ Scelarcis perspicillata (duMéRIl & form, but genetically similar ( SAlvI et al., BIBRON , 1839). localities 18, 21, 26, 29, unpublished mtdNA data) to the southern SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 27 (1/2) Wien, 30. Juli 2014 SHORT NOTE 99 Table 1: list of the sampled localities (numbers in column l correspond to numbers in Figure 1) along with the correspondent species records. Coordinates are given in the WGS84 coordinate system. l latitude longitude Sampled species 1 35.87981 -5.46898 Tarentola mauritanica 2 35.84769 -5.56204 Tarentola mauritanica 3 35.66590 -5.63411 Amietophrynus mauritanicus , Tarentola mauritanica , Timon tangitanus 4 35.66320 -5.62317 Blanus tingitanus , Hyla meridionalis , Pelophylax saharicus , Podarcis vaucheri , Natrix maura 5 35.64439 -5.65377 Pelophylax saharicus 6 35.56917 -5.62423 Agama impalearis 7 35.56669 -5.55873 Blanus tingitanus , Pelophylax saharicus , Podarcis vaucheri 8 35.37960 -4.99471 Psammodromus algirus 9 35.26684 -4.84243 Pelophylax saharicus , Podarcis vaucheri , Natrix maura 10 35.06430 -5.09989 Podarcis vaucheri , Psammodromus algirus , Tarentola mauritanica 11 35.05962 -5.19378 Podarcis vaucheri 12 34.95202 -5.05846 Psammodromus algirus 13 34.90027 -5.06451 Amietophrynus mauritanicus 14 34.74982 -5.08356 Amietophrynus mauritanicus , Blanus tingitanus 15 34.63909 -4.92240 Amietophrynus mauritanicus , Pelophylax saharicus 16 34.57196 -4.95671 Amietophrynus mauritanicus 17 34.25108 -4.76486 Pelophylax saharicus 18 34.14850 -4.82867 Saurodactylus fasciatus , Scelarcis perspicillata , Tarentola mauritanica 19 33.92488 -4.69164 Agama impalearis 20 33.65217 -5.02266 Psammodromus algirus 21 33.64656 -4.97959 Amietophrynus mauritanicus , Bufotes boulengeri , Podarcis vaucheri , Scelarcis perspicillata , Timon tangitanus 22 33.59543 -4.96836 Psammodromus algirus 23 33.51809 -4.85335 Podarcis vaucheri , Trogonophis wiegmanni 24 33.40851 -5.10825 Acanthodactylus erythrurus , Timon tangitanus 25 33.40556 -5.10297 Bufotes boulengeri
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