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IoT Activities and Opportunities for Collaboration Joel S. Marciano, Jr. Professor and Director Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute University of the Philippines - Diliman Outline Introduction The University of the Philippines The UP Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute RFID activities in UP The Philippines as a testbed for IoT in the Environment Senslope ANOD • Established in 1908 • 12 campuses in the archipelago • 50,000 students The UP EEE Institute • Bachelor of Science – Computer Engineering – Electrical Engineering – Electronics and Communications Engineering • Master of Engineering in EE • Master of Science in EE – Power, Computer and Communications, Instrumentation and Control, Microelectronics • PhD in Electrical and Electronics Engineering • Doctor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics Engineering • 1,200 students The UP EEE Institute 45 faculty members 35 full-time: 29 on active duty; 6 on PhD study leave abroad 12 PhD; 23 MS;10 teaching associates Solar and Ambient Radio Power Modules for WISP Applications Dexter Alvaro S. Andino, Jerome R. Rodriguez, and Jennifer S. Uy Wireless Communications Engineering Laboratory (WCEL) Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines {dexteralvaroandino, jeromerrodriguez}@gmail.com, [email protected] Abstract—As technology now allows the production of low-power integrated circuit and a demodulator at the least, both of which electronic components, it becomes viable to run electronic are operated using the small amount of energy harvested from circuits purely on the minute amount of energy harvestable from an interrogating RFID reader. The Wireless Identification and sources such as the sun and ambient radio waves. By devising a Sensing Platform (WISP) developed in [1] is a sensor module method to harvest energy from the mentioned sources, this whose operation is very similar to that of an RFID tag, and is project aims to present power capacity improvements to the also capableIoT of performing siActivitiesmple computing tasks. WISP, a wireless sensing module rooted on RFID principles. The project involved the design and fabrication of two separate By introducing a secondary energy harvester to the WISP power harvesting modules. Each resulting harvester functions as module, the load on the WISP’s main harvester is greatly a secondary power source, supporting a humidity sensor wired to decreased. This allows it to operate autonomously for longer a WISP which is programmed to function as a data-logger. The periods of time. Reserving the harvester for exclusive sensor secondary harvesters were able to harvest enough energy to use also allows thein WISP t o bUPe interfaced -witEEEh sensors which theoretically sustain a sampling rate of one humidity reading for require higher power ratings. every 15 minutes using a 660 uW humidity sensor. The actual time required is yet to be tested in future tests. The WISP’s primary harvester supposedly runs out of power Figure 1. Project diagram. RFIDAnother Researchformap porfox iemnatereglyy 24 t hhoatur iwithss frgoamr ntheer ifin rgIntels t irnetaedriengs,t aifte nWISP rt hweh ich the Energy flow DZUP Data flow energy research WIcoSmP mmusnt itbye eisx poasmedb iteo natn raRdFiIoD rpeoawdeer r si(AgnaRl Pto). r esume 1602 The project involved the design, fabrication, and testing of ARP comes frohymg rsoimgnetaerls o pebrroataiodn.ca Nsto abcyti vete polevwiesri oinputn asn adr er raedquiior ed for two separate harvesters. The first harvester, referred to as the the secondary harvesters as long as their respective sources are stations, as wellavai as labcellel. sites and wireless access points. It is solar harvester, employs solar energy as a primary energy usually very small in magnitude compared to the amount of This paper highlights the concepts and methods used in ARP Solar power source while the second harvester, referred to as the ARP solar energy harcovenststarubctlein gu sithne gh asorvestlarers, pa anse wlsel, l baus texp ofectfeedr a resu vialtbs lfero m the harvester, employs radio power. The ARP harvester gathers way to “recycle”pe bndiroangd cWIasStP e dneemrgonys tirnatoio na s tfuodrym. that can be used energy from DZUP 1602 kHz whose AM transmission tower is to power electronic gadgets. The authors of [2] were able to ARP sensor sensor ARP roughly 740 m away from the project’s test site. Each harvester demonstrate the use of ARP to pI.o we IrNT aRnODUC LCTDION a nd several harvester harvester is connected to each of two humidity sensors interfaced to sensors using eneAsrg yt odfaryo’ms soac ietnye alerabnys totrwaanrsmds iassi moonr e teonwvierorn ment- separate WISPs. The performance of each harvester was broadcasting telefrviiesnidolny sliigfenstayllse., it becomes crucial to identify new ways WISP RF uC uC WISP RF gauged by the sampling rate at which it is able to provide through which energy can be obtained and used efficiently. harvester harvester One way this can be achieved is through the use of energy sufficient power for the sensor. The WISP’s microcontroller B. Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform gathers data from the sensor and performs switching tasks harvesters. The idea behind such devices is that in a typical WISP/Reader environment, there exists a significant amount of ambient communication necessary for power management. energy which can be skimmed out and used to power various gadgets. It presents an energy source that is free and efficient in RF Power The success of this project will open opportunities for new the sense that it uses up energy that is otherwise left unused in RF Power WISP applications, as well as contribute to the spread of ARP space. as a viable power source for low-power electronics. One of the main reasons energy harvesters were not popular decades ago lies in the fact that back then, technology was not Hyperterminal yet advanced enough to allow us to make electronic and II. BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK postprocessin components that run on very little power. With the availability g of this technology came the feasibility of using energy A. Energy Harvesting harvesting methods as a primary power source for electronics. Alien ALR-9800 RFID reader Energy harvesting typically refers to the gathering and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a good example storing of energy from ambient sources such as the sun, wind, of a new technology that employs power harvesting as a primary power source. A typical RFID tag contains an mechanical vibrations, and heat. Although the energy humidity readings generated through such methods is generally much lower than Figure 3. The WISP. that obtained by burning fossil fuels and such, it is a very attractive method of generating energy due to its non- The Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform (WISP) is destructive nature. a wireless sensor module developed by Intel whose method of operation is very similar to that of RFID tags. It has a built-in Solar energy is among the most common forms of energy microcontroller which changes transmitted tag value depending harvested for electronic devices. It is technologically mature on data gathered by sensors connected to the module. The and is being employed in large-scale energy harvesting. WISP runs completely on power harvested from a charging Likewise, it is commonly used to power smaller electronics RFID reader. such as calculators and mobile phone chargers. One of the major drawbacks of harvesting this kind of energy is that the Most of the energy harvested by the WISP is expended on solar panels used in gathering energy are quite expensive. sensor operation. Furthermore, the WISP cannot interface with common sensors which have power requirements that are significantly higher than its built-in sensors. This leads to issues regarding sensor interfacing and the length of time that the module is able to operate autonomously. A very good solution to this issue is presented by the authors of the SolarWISP [3]. By providing the WISP with a new energy source using solar panels, it is able to operate for a much longer period of time. The SolarWISP is similar to this project’s proposed methods for the solar harvester leg. Several design tweaks were made, and emphasis was placed on maintaining compatibility between the harvester-sensor module and standard WISP hardware (i.e. being able to operate the harvester with the WISP without altering the original WISP circuit itself). III. METHODOLOGY A. WISP Hardware and Software The WISP boards used for the project were fabricated in Hong Kong by OurPCB. Most of the components were Figure 2. The WARP experimental set-up [2]. soldered by the fabrication house, while the remaining parts RFID Activities RFID Activities ! 1 AB@1 %0>+>%' ! 3( %% *#%1"#B75+%*7$ 74E%/ *% >1++5>%E"+/ *+"%*- / 4% _J J %L1- % ! [ d%$ #*#">1#"*%+B+4*>%?#"% ! 1 AB@1 (0>+>%7I4J4_#_B%%/ *7B+% - 7E- G>1++5!%A ;P!#%*#"%' / , 74E%&B+4*>2% 5+*+, *7#4% ! f / $ / - / %^ <%g+E%H4+%U%g04+*/ % ! . #47, T##$ %' #/ 5%' / , +%I % ! ; ( <<S%3' %@01%' #045%I % ! . #47, T##$ %' #/ 5%' / , +%[ % ! f / $ / - / %^ <%g+E%) - "++%U%( / B/ #% ! f / $ / - / %^ <%! 74/ 9%g+E%G%g04+*/ % % ! ' +, +7B+5%10", - / >+%74R07"7+>% / >%?/ "%/ >%*- +%@/ "7TT+/ 4% 3>9/ 45>% Wireless sensors for preventive conservation of artwork Electrical and Electronics Engineering Institute College of Engineering University of the Philippines, Diliman Temperature and relative humidity (RH) are major factors in the deterioration of artwork. Non-ideal temperature and RH conditions cause paint to flake, wooden frames to warp, and may even encourage the growth of mold. We have developed a wireless sensor system that allows museum managers to monitor the current values of temperature and RH in art spaces. This allows them to identify “hotspots” wherein the microclimate is not ideal for storing or displaying artwork. Applications • Preventive conservation of artwork Other potential uses of our system are in the fields in museums of thermal comfort engineering and automated • Thermal comfort engineering • Sensing component for automatic HVAC system control.