@qualcomm_tech December 2019
5G – Christmas Update 2019 Dr. Thomas Stockhammer Director Technical Standards Qualcomm Technologies Agenda
5G vision and 5G NR and 5G evolution and Media and status System design expansion Broadcast in 5G A unified, more capable and technologies Rel-16 and beyond What is happening in the air interface for the next Based on the 3GPP media context? decade and beyond Release-15 global standard
2 5G Vision and Status 3GPP Release-15
3 Leading mobile innovation for over 30 years
Digitized mobile Redefined Transforming communications computing industries Analog to digital Desktop to smartphones Connecting virtually everything at the wireless edge
Transforming how the world connects, computes and communicates
4 Mobile has made a leap every ~10 years
Mobile voice Efficient voice to Focus shifts Mobile broadband and A unified future-proof communication reach billions to mobile data emerging expansion platform
1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s Analog voice Digital voice Wireless Internet Mobile broadband Wireless Edge AMPS, NMT, D-AMPS, GSM, CDMA2000/EV-DO LTE, LTE Advanced, 5G New Radio TACS IS-95 (CDMA) WCDMA/HSPA+, Gigabit LTE (NR)
5 A unifying connectivity fabric for society Scalable to Like electricity, you will just extreme simplicity expect it everywhere
6 Delivering on the 5G vision Where virtually everyone and everything is intelligently connected
7 A new kind of network to drive innovation and growth
Significant Smartphone Consumers want connectivity tech extending 5G smartphones upgrade into many industries
8 5G will address the insatiable demand for mobile broadband Over 60x growth in mobile data traffic from 2013 to 2024
~131B Gigabytes Monthly global mobile data traffic in 2024
In 2024, ~75% of mobile data traffic from multi-media creation & consumption
In 2024, 25% of mobile data traffic will be carried by 5G networks — 1.3x more than 4G/3G/2G traffic today
Source: Ericsson Mobility Report June 2019 9 Mobilizing media Rich user-generated Congested High-speed and entertainment content environments mobility
Connected cloud Immersive Connected Augmented computing experiences vehicle reality
• Fiber-like data speeds 5G is essential for next • Low latency for real-time interactivity • More consistent performance generation mobile experiences • Massive capacity for unlimited data 10 5G NR is a unified, more capable air interface
Enhanced mobile broadband High-bands Above 24 GHz (mmWave)
Mid-bands 5G 1 GHz to 6 GHz NR
Mission-critical Massive Internet Low-bands services of Things Below 1 GHz
Licensed/shared/unlicensed
Diverse services Diverse spectrum Diverse deployments
10x 10x 3x 100x 100x 10x Decrease in Experienced Spectrum Traffic Network Connection end-to-end latency throughput efficiency capacity efficiency density
Based on ITU vision for IMT-2020 compared to IMT-advanced; URLLC: Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications; IAB: Integrated Access & Backhaul 11 Driving the 5G expansion
Continue expansion to new verticals, Delivering on deployments, use cases, spectrum Future-proof the 5G vision platform Rel-18+ evolution Rel-171 Rel-161 Rel-15
Rel-15 commercialization Rel-16 commercialization Rel-17 commercialization NR LTE essential part of the 5G platform 2019 eMBB 2020 eMBB expansion Longer term expansion • Global smartphone • Beyond smartphone (PC, FWA, …) • Industrial IoT, enterprise, automotive network launches • New markets/regions • Private networks • Fixed wireless access • Nationwide coverage & SA migration • Unlicensed spectrum
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023+
1. 3GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item->work item->specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and ASN.1 Germany Finland United Kingdom China Ireland Russia (soon) Japan (soon) Switzerland Romania Spain
North America Monaco South Korea Italy Bahrain
Kuwait Qatar Philippines Sub-6 United Arab Emirates South Africa Saudi Arabia Sub-6 + mmWave Australia
Comparison of Year 1 4 Operators launched 40+ Operators launching announcements 3 OEMs launched 40+ OEMs launching 13 5G smartphones
Lenovo LG Motorola Nubia OnePlus OPPO Samsung Samsung Z6 Pro 5G V50 ThinQ moto z4/z3 Mini 5G 7 Pro 5G Reno 5G Galaxy Galaxy Fold 5G + 5G moto mod S10 5G 230+
Samsung Samsung Vivo Vivo Xiaomi Xiaomi Xiaomi ZTE 5G devices launched Galaxy A90 5G iQOO NEX 3 5G Mi MIX 5G Mi MIX Alpha Mi 9 Pro 5G Axon 10 Pro Note10+ 5G 5G Edition 5G or in development
Hotspots Askey HTC Netgear WNC and CPEs Inseego Netcomm Nokia ZTE
5G Compal Longsung Sierra SIMcom modules Fibocom Quectel Wireless Telit
Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries 14 5G NR design and technologies 3GPP Release-15
15 Expanding 5G with the flexible slot-based framework Efficiently multiplex envisioned and future 5G services on the same frequency
Scalable slot duration Broadcast/ Cellular V2X — network Integrated access & Unknown service Forward compatibility Massive IoT Efficient multiplexing of diverse enTV (Rel-16+) side (Rel-16+) backhaul (Rel-16+) not yet defined Transmissions well-confined in freq/time (Rel-16+) latency and QoS requirements to simplify adding new future features
C-V2X Blank subcarriers
5G NR Broadcast BroadcastLTE NB-IoT 5G NR eMBB ? LTE eMBB eMTC 5G NR eMBB in Sidelink LTE spectrum NR-Light
Enhanced mobile Sidelink (Rel-17+), Dynamic spectrum Wide-area mission- NR-Light broadband (Rel-15+) e.g., for offloading sharing (Rel-15+) critical (Rel-15/16+) (Rel-17+)
Self-contained slot structure UL Ctrl Nominal traffic puncturing Ability to independently decode slots and avoid eMBB transmission URLLC To enable URLCC transmissions
static timing relationships across slots Ctrl DL to occur at any time using mini-slots 16 Scalable 5G NR slot duration for diverse latency/QoS
1ms subframe aligned with LTE CP-OFDM Symbol Subframe
15 kHz SCS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
500 µs 30 kHz SCS Slot Mini-Slot
250 µs 60 kHz SCS Slot
125 µs 120 kHz SCS Slot
14 OFDM symbols per slot with Supports slot Efficient multiplexing of mini-slot (2, 4, or 7 symbols) aggregation for data- long and short for shorter transmissions1 heavy transmissions transmissions2
17 1. As low as two symbols per mini-slot; 2. Symbols across numerologies align at symbol boundaries and transmissions span an integer # of OFDM symbols 5G NR optimized design for massive MIMO Key enabler for using higher spectrum bands, e.g. 4 GHz, with existing LTE sites
Exploit 3D beamforming with up to 256 antenna elements Accurate and timely channel knowledge essential to Mitigate UL coverage realizing full benefits with 5G NR massive MIMO + HPUE3
UL SRS
5G NR co-located with CSI-RS existing LTE macro sites
Enabled through an advanced 5G NR end-to-end Massive MIMO design (network and device) Optimized design for TDD Enhanced CSI-RS2 Advanced, high-spatial New features, such as reciprocity procedures design and reporting resolution codebook supporting distributed MIMO utilizing UL SRS1 mechanism up to 256 antennas
C1. Sounding Reference Signal. 2. Channel State Information Reference Signal; 3. High-Power User Equipment (HPUE) Tx power gains 18 New frontier of mobile broadband — mobilizing mmWave
Vast amount of bandwidth that is ~25x more than what’s being used for 3G/4G today
Sub-6 GHz Millimeter wave (mmWave) (e.g., 3.5 GHz) (e.g., 24.25-27.5 GHz, 27.5-29.5 GHz)
6 GHz 24 GHz 100 GHz
Multi-Gbps data rates Much more capacity Lower latency With large bandwidths (100s of MHz) With dense spatial reuse Bringing new opportunities
19 Rich media and entertainment for More indoor capacity as outdoor outdoor — augmenting lower bands mmWave offloads outdoor lower bands 5G NR mmWave will support new and enhanced mobile experiences
• Fiber-like data speeds Massive bandwidth for Virtually lag-less experiences Dense indoor & outdoor cloud computing — e.g., multiplayer gaming connectivity for venues • Low latency for real-time interactivity • Massive capacity for unlimited data plans • Lower cost per bit
New indoor opportunities — Fiber-like broadband to the Beyond smartphones e.g., connected enterprises home — fixed mmWave — e.g., smart manufacturing 20 Showcasing enhanced Advanced Network Simulations Deploying 28 GHz 5G NR mobile mmWave at mobile mmWave user Mobile World Congress venue experiences
Ubiquitous Virtually Multi-Gbps More coverage via unlimited speed & low uniform user co-siting capacity latency experience
For a wide range of mobile devices: Simulation assumes 5G NR mmWave co-siting at actual LTE DAS locations in Fira Gran Via Hall 3, uses 800 MHz spectrum in 28 GHz, and is based on Qualcomm engineering simulation tools 21 5G System design and technologies 3GPP Release-15
22 Non-Standalone (NSA) Standalone (SA) for stepping stone to new core new core benefits
4G Evolved New 5G Next Packet Core Gen Core
4G Radio 5G mmWave NR 5G mmWave Network and/or sub-6GHz 5G sub-6GHz
Data + control Data only Data and control over 4G LTE link over 5G NR link over 5G NR link Dual connectivity Carrier Aggregation
Fast-to-launch | VoLTE & CS voice NFV and SDN | VoNR & fallback to VoLTE
23 5G next Gen Core (NGC) also part of 3GPP Rel-15 Increased flexibility through NFV and SDN — essential to 5G NR expansion
Configurable end-to-end Mobile broadband connectivity per vertical Modular, specialized network functions per service Mission-critical control 5G Flexible subscription models Internet of Things Dynamic control and user planes with more functionality at the edge
NFV: Network Functions Virtualization; SDN: Software Defined Networking
Better cost/energy Optimized Flexible biz models Dynamic creation efficiency performance and deployments of services
24 Traditional RAN Virtual RAN (VRAN) The more you distribute The more you centralize
Lower front-haul Simplifies support for applications Ease of software Lower More requirements such as IoT and mmWave upgradability investments scalable
5G opens door for new Radio Area network (RAN) architecture
25 Central Unit Distributed Unit Control and user plane separation
user plane (multiple) option 1 option 3 option 5 option 7 F1-U
High Low High Low High Low RRC PDCP RF Core RLC RLC MAC MAC PHY PHY Network E1 Active antenna systems option 2 option 4 option 6 option 8 F1-C
control plane Remote radio head w/ centralized baseband Self contained access points (physical layer only)
PHY, L2, L3 solution; allows for interworking with third party core
5G Network based on vRAN Designed for extremely flexible and cost-effective network deployments 26 5G NR mobility enhancements in 3GPP Release 16+ Delivering higher bandwidth, lower latency, and improved reliability during mobility 5G NR SA or dual Supporting URLLC/MEC services with Extending to multiple DUs & faster connected with LTE less interruption & improved reliability switching across cell groups CU - Central Unit DU – Distributed Unit MEC MEC 5G NR LTE/5G NR 5G NR LTE/5G NR 5G NR LTE/5G NR CU CU CU CU CU CU
5G NR LTE/5G NR 5G NR LTE/5G NR DU DU DU DU 5G NR LTE/5G NR DUs DUs
5G NR Rel-15 5G NR Rel-16 5G NR Rel-17+ device device device
Release 15 baseline Enhancements proposed for Rel-16 Further enhancements Intra and inter RAT1 handover that enables Faster DC/CA access2, reduced mobility Enabling independent UL/DL operation, high-bandwidth, low-latency, and reliable interruption to 0ms3, faster recovery in failover4, device-centric mobility, extending DC beyond connectivity during mobility improved coverage and power consumption 2 DUs, and further power savings
1 Radio Access Technology; 2 Early measurement reporting; 3 With conditional handover; 4 Dual-connectivity role switch and split SRBs; 27 Qualcomm® Snapdragon™
5G Modem family
World’s first announced 5G NR multimode modems
5G NR standards compliant
Sub-6 + mmWave
Premium-tier smartphones in 2019
Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 28 5G mmWave fixed wireless access Wireless backhaul for high-rise buildings deployment
5G mmWave site
Beam 1 Beam 3
CPE 1 Beam 2 CPE 3
CPE 2
A feasible use case for mmWave that provides expedited and low-cost deployment to replace fiber
29 5G mmWave Fixed Wireless Access Urban and dense urban deployment
5G mmWave site
Coverage of up to 1.1 Km distance from base station in urban area with minimum 50 Mbps data rate
Based on CPE height at 6m above ground, 400MHz on 28 GHz, 7:1 TDD Config, light foliage. 30 5G mmWave Fixed Wireless Access Rural / suburban deployment
5G mmWave site
Coverage of up to 1.7 Km distance from base station in rural area with minimum 50 Mbps data rate Based on CPE height at 6m above ground, 400MHz bandwidth on 28 GHz, 7:1 TDD Config, light foliage. 31 Content Protection 5G system brings enhanced security and privacy (Laurent Piron, Building on the proven, solid security foundation of 4G LTE Nagra)
Flexible framework Tighter security Enhanced privacy To support new devices, use To expand protection and To eliminate communication of cases, and deployments increase flexibility unprotected device-specific information
5G security core network
Non-3GPP 3GPP device device
Unified authentication for 3GPP & Added user plane integrity protection; lower User permanent identity (e.g., IMSI1) and non-3GPP access (e.g., Wi-Fi), security trust in serving networks to allow for flexible device-specific information are ciphered anchor function, and network slicing deployment; subscription credentials can be before being exchanged over the air stored in secure hardware element
1. International Mobile Subscriber Identity 32 5G evolution and expansion 3GPP Release-16 and beyond
33 Mobile broadband evolution
Mobile mmWave Unlicensed/ evolution shared spectrum
5G NR Massive IoT C-V2X
3GPP Rel-16
Industrial IoT Broadcast with URLLC
5G NR is expanding to new use cases and verticals 34 Ongoing innovation through 5G releases Enhancing broadband and enabling new verticals
Smartphones and beyond Automotive
High-precision Direct positioning communication Fixed Wireless and enterprise Advanced power Mission-critical Industrial IoT saving and mobility design
New deployment Unlicensed 4G spectrum models foundations
Continuing pipeline of high value, foundational IP
35 Continued evolution to deliver on the 5G vision
Initial focus: eMBB — enhanced 5G core 5G NR IIoT 5G NR 5G NR in Enhancements Expand sidelink e.g., Unlicensed mobile broadband services network with eURLLC Cellular V2X unlicensed to 5G NR IIoT V2X reliability, spectrum across spectrum P2V, IoT relay all uses cases
Advanced Sub-6 GHz with LTE 5G 5G Positioning New spectrum NR-Light e.g., Centimeter channel coding massive MIMO integration broadcast1 massive IoT2 across use cases above 52.6 GHz wearables, accuracy e.g., industrial sensors IIoT with mmWave
Mobile Scalable OFDM- Flexible eMBB IAB — integrated Continuation Continued eMBB More capable, Rel-15 deployment mmWave based air interface framework evolution3 access/backhaul of Rel-15 enhancements5 flexible IAB learning, XR, projects, others4 drones, others6
Rel -15 Rel -16 Rel -17: Likely candidates Established 5G NR technology foundation Expanding to new use cases and industries Continued expansion and enhancements
Source sample text 36 5G is a connectivity fabric for virtually everything
Fixed Mobile XR IoT Networks Automotive Wireless Compute Access
37 Text recognition Face Voice detection activation
Voice Object recognition classification On-device
Computational Anomaly AI use-cases photography detection today But we can do more with 5G Landmark Fingerprint detection
Contextual On-device awareness security Gesture/ hand tracking
38 New experiences Privacy/security
New verticals Immediacy
Processing over 5G The intelligent Efficiency Edge cloud wireless edge On-device Customized/ local value On-device AI Reliability Augmented by edge cloud Private/public networks Personalization
39 Process data at the source to scale and make sense of a digitized world
Past Today Cloud-centric AI Partially-distributed AI AI training and AI inference Power efficient in the central cloud on-device AI inference
On-device
Future Fully-distributed AI With lifelong on-device learning
40 On-premise control for Enriched user experiences, ultra-low latency new use case, new verticals
On-device intelligence assisted by cloud Distributed functionality
Distributed processing, like boundless XR
New services
Cloud computing, storage, On-device instant access
Longer latency 5G low latency Compute, vision, sensing Low-latency gaming Big data/aggregated value Customized/local value AI powered use cases Content/storage/AI/processing Content/storage/AI/processing Internal AI optimizations
Real time assisted services like voice UI
41 5G Core Technologies
Orchestration and Virtualization (NFV) – de-couple logical function from hardware Slicing – logical end-2-end networks tailored to customer needs Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) – resources where they are needed (especially for URLLC) API Exposure – 3rd party access to 5G services Service Based Architecture (SBA) – stateless, open, flexible Harmonized Protocols & Access Agnostic – generic solutions with integrated support for fixed networking , 5G satellite access, … 5G Media Streaming New Media (Virtual Reality, Extended Reality, …) Specific ‘vertical industry support’: Broadcasting, Mission Critical Communications, Vehicle to Everything, Industrial Automation, Future Railway Mobile Communication System, …
© 3GPP 2019 September 2019 InterSDO IBC 2019 42 Media and Broadcast in 5G Rel-16 Work and beyond
43 5GMSA 5G Media Streaming Architecture
44 Content-Aware 5GMSA (5G Media streaming architecture) Encoding (Yuriy • Summary Reznik, Brightcove) ◦ Defines a significantly more modular set of enablers (compared to PSS) for downlink and uplink streaming services ◦ MNO and 3rd party Media Downlink Streaming Services with relevant functions and interfaces ◦ MNO and 3rd party Media Uplink Streaming Services based on the non-IMS FLUS architecture ◦ Procedures in include: Progressive Download, DASH-based Streaming and Uplink Streaming • Other ◦ Enables different deployments with various degrees of integration between 5G MNOs and Content Providers ◦ Usage of 5G specific features such as network slicing and edge computing envisioned • Interested companies ◦ Ericsson, Qualcomm, Enensys, Samsung, KPN, Sony, AT&T, Orange, BBC, others • Status Ad Insertion (Iraj ◦ WI was nominally completed in June ´19, but significant corrections happening until Dec ´19 Sodagar, Tencent)
Source sample text 45 5GMSA (5G Media streaming architecture) Ingest technologies
M8d Imed Bouazizi, 5GMS Aware Application Qualcomm) • Key functional scenarios for downlink streaming are NEF N33 M6d ◦ Progressive Download PCF N5 Media M7d Media AF M1d ◦ Live and On-Demand DASH-based Streaming Session M5d 5GMS Handler Application Provider ◦ Consumption Reporting M7d M3d ◦ Network Assistance Media Player M4d Media AS M2d ◦ QoE Reporting Exposed API 5GMS Scope 5GMS Client 5GS Scope 5GMS 5GS External ◦ Dynamic Policies based on AppFilters and UE Out of scope DN Slicing • Interfaces of relevance 5GMS Aware Application M8d NEF N33 ◦ M1d (5GMSd Provisioning API) PCF N5 ◦ M2d (5GMSd Ingest API) M7d M6d ◦ M3d (Internal and NOT SPECIFIED) Core Functions Media M5d M1d ◦ M4d (Media Streaming APIs) AF 5GMS Metrics Reporting Application ◦ M5d (Media Session Handling API) Provider Consumption Reporting
◦ M6d (UE Media Session Handling APIs) M7d Associated Delivery Procedures Media M3d ◦ M7d (UE Media Player APIs) Player Network Assistance and QoS Low-Latency streaming Media Session Handler ◦ M8d: (EXTERNAL and NOT SPECIFIED): unspecified application challengesMedia AS M2d and interface, which is used for information exchange between the M4d 5GMS Aware application 5GMS Client opportunities (Nicolas UE Weil, AWSDN Elemental) UE 5G Media Streaming Functions (Control-Centric) 46 5GMS3 5G Media Streaming Stage 3
47 5GMS3 (5G Media Streaming stage 3) • Summary ◦ Based on the 5GMS Architecture specified in TS 26.501, creates new 5G Media Streaming (5GMS) stage 3 specifications and update existing ones to come up with a modular but consistent set of specifications enabling deployment of multimedia streaming services. ◦ New specifications for: • 26.511: 5G Media Streaming (5GMS); Profiles, Codecs and formats Impact of new • 26.117: 5G Media Streaming (5GMS); speech and audio profiles protocols • 26.512: 5G Media Streaming (5GMS); Protocols (Ali Begen) ◦ Potentially update specification for DASH and video profiles. • Other ◦ Work considers existing work from external specifications and industry organizations such as DASH- IF, MPEG and CTA WAVE as well as input from key industry players on their requirements and usage scenarios for media streaming over 5G. ◦ The work also considers aligning with existing industry efforts on testing, conformance and reference tools. • Status ◦ WI scheduled for completion Mar ´20, but expected to use an extension until Jun ´20
Source sample text 48 New codecs 5GMS3 (5G Media Streaming stage 3) (Thierry Fautier, • Selected Key Issues Harmonic) ◦ Network Assistance: radio or core network based ◦ Video codec status: make HEVC mandatory? ◦ Audio codecs: AAC, EVS – enough? EVS how? M8d ◦ Playback requirements: CTA WAVE Device 5GMSd Aware Application Playback? NEF N33 M6d ◦ Streaming Ingest: Provisioning and Ingest based on PCF N5 5GMSd M1d DASH-IF Ingest Specification M5d AF
M7d M3d 5GMSd ◦ Media Player APIs: dash.js based Application Media Media Presentation Provider ◦ Media Session Handler APIs: TRAPI-based Session M7d and Rendering Handler ◦ Streaming Format: DASH & CMAF Media Decoders M6d ◦ Low-Latency Streaming: LL-DASH & chunked CMAF Media Decapsulation and 5GMSd Decryption M4d M2d AS ◦ Encryption and DRM: CMAF and anything else? DRM Client • Can only serve as baseline for future work Media Access Client (e.g. Manifest Processor) Media Player ◦ Unicast 5GMSd Client ◦ Multicast UE DN ◦ XR integration
Source sample text 49 Network Slicing in 5G
• Network Slicing: ◦ Allows MNOs to completely isolate traffic for a particular service ◦ Customized traffic routing and handling, QoS treatment, and charging policies • Network Slicing as a Service ◦ Content and service providers may opt for a network slice for their traffic ◦ This can be setup through SLAs with the MNO or directly using the offered Nmf interface by the NSMF • Example Use Cases: ◦ Binge On: fixed QoS, sponsored traffic ◦ Game and AR Streaming: edge processing
50 Network Slicing for Media Distribution
• UE requesting Network Slice ◦ UE uses traffic filters information from the session to identify which slice to use for the traffic ◦ Filters may include FQDN, IP addresses, or 5GMSd Media Player Media Session UE Policy AMF Media AF AS Application Provider Application Identifier Application Handler Management ◦ UE establishes or modifies the PDU 1: Service and Content Discovery session that will be used for the traffic 2: start media playback ◦ Alternatively, Network may also trigger the 3: Request Manifest establishment or modification of the PDU 4: Notify about new Media Session session 5: Network Assistance with Route Selection 6: Route • QoS and Charging rules Selection ◦ PCF uses pre-stored rules for the network 7: Establish/Modify PDU slice to determine the QoS Profile and the 8: Stream content
charging policy http://msc-generator.sourceforge.net v6.3.8 ◦ Dynamic variations can be handled by a Media AF
Source sample text 51 Cloud computing, edge Edge Processing in 5G Network Slice computing, and media on cloud (Imed • Traffic Routing: Bouazizi, Qualcomm) ◦ Through appropriate Filtering rules, traffic is routed to an edge network (e.g. LADN) ◦ Through appropriate DNS resolution, an Application Server is selected in the LADN ◦ If no AS instance is running, AF together with Orchestrator launch a new instance of the AS • Slice Configuration: ◦ AS criteria and requirements ◦ DNS resolution rules ◦ AF configuration to manage AS
Kubernetes / OpenStack / ETSI MANO
UE Infrastructure Information Networking Security Storage Content Automation Content Providers
Tailor- Operator made Cloud / Edge Other Cloud Platforms Media
52 Broadcast/multicast and hybrid delivery (Thomas Stockhammer, Qualcomm)
enTV and MBMS Terrestrial broadcast for next-gen digital TV delivery
53 MBMS/LTE eMBMS/enTV History Building upon a strong 3GPP technology foundation
3GPP Rel-14 (completed) 3GPP Rel-16 (on the way)
Further enhancements5 LTE LTE-A to fully satisfy 5G 5G LTE eMBMS/enTV broadcast requirements in 3GPP Rel-14
eMBMS defined for LTE starting eMBMS enhancements in Enabling terrestrial broadcast and Enabling terrestrial broadcast and in Rel-8/Rel-91, improving Rel-12 include MOOD2 and expanding to new services; Meeting 7/10 expanding to new services; Meeting all 5G coverage and efficiency expansion to MCPTT3 5G Broadcast requirements4 in Rel-14 Broadcast requirements4 in Rel-16
Target market Target market focused on expanded to Cellular operators Broadcasters
Broadthinking 2019 54 Terrestrial broadcast for next-gen digital TV delivery enTV1 — part of 3GPP Rel-16 — meets terrestrial TV broadcast requirements
Radio access enhancements System layer enhancements
Longer range Receive only mode New 1-symbol numerology with longer Delivery of free-to-air content to devices 200us CP2 to support 15 km ISD3 without SIM/service subscription
More broadcast capacity Transport only service Supports dedicated broadcast network TV broadcasters can deliver content with 100% eMBMS carrier allocation RelRel--1414 in native format without transcoding More deployment flexibility 1 Standardized interface Content provider xMB Single network for mobile and fixed devices enTVenTV Content providers can deliver media with enhanced support for rooftop reception over LTE with a unified framework
Unicast control Better efficiency Broadcast Shared broadcast New subframe design reduces overhead Multiple operators can serve users in dedicated broadcast transmissions Broadcast on a common broadcast carrier Rel-16 adds in addition • ~15km ISD (optimized for higher speeds, e.g. audio) • 50km ISD+ (rooftop reception, limited outdoor depending on Tx power)
Broadthinking 2019 • 250km ISD (TBC) 55 Target: Broadcasters and ETSI JTC Broadcast Regulators – Get Broadcast Stamp ETSI TS 103 720: 5G Broadcast System for linear TV and radio services
TV/Radio TV/Radio • A single overview and system specification Application Service Content Service Application that profiles and restricts existing 3GPP Provider specifications in the context of 5G in order MBMS-API xMB to enable the deployment of linear TV and
radio services. MBMS User MBMS User Client Service Service • The work item is aligned with ongoing Access 3GPP standardization work, in particular E-UTRAN E-UTRAN M1 MBMS-GW SGmb MBMS Bearer Stratum Service the "LTE-based 5G terrestrial broadcast Uu UE Sm BM-SC M3 • Main features MME ◦ radio network comprising only MBMS-dedicated cells as transmitters; ◦ Receive-Only-Mode (ROM) devices and UEs supporting FeMBMS [x23.246] as receivers; ◦ A down-stripped EPS dedicated to TV and Radio Services with E-UTRAN; ◦ A down-stripped MBMS User Service [x26.346] dedicated to TV and Radio Services; ◦ A set of MBMS-APIs [x26.347] that permits to use third-party service layers.
56 Rel-17 Multicast Broadcast Considerations LTE MBMS 5G Mixed Mode Initial Service Targeted Multiple Services Targeted • Video Content and Streaming • C2VX, public safety, I-IoT, IP Multicast Focus on one type of service Multiple Services with different characteristics • Joint Transport/Service Layer • Common Transport/Separate Service Layer Service independent of unicast Service have unicast and broadcast components • Separate core network • Transport integrated with 5GS unicast Service oriented architecture Enable high reliability + low latency • Functionality at the core network • Functionality provided at the transport • Reliability, unicast/Broadcast decision • RAN Reliability, unicast/Broadcast decision • Security also on application layer • Security: encryption at either RAN or UPF Service oriented architecture Transport oriented architecture • Flow identified by TMGI (service) • Flow identified by MB-QoS flow ID • Maps to MBMS bearer • Maps to Radio Bearer in RAN
Source sample text 57 Device platform diversity and hybrid DASH/HLS (Cedric Thienot, Enesys tbc and Thomas Stockhammer, Qualcomm)
DAHOE Support of hybrid DASH/HLS over MBMS
58 DAHOE (support of hybrid DASH/HLS over MBMS) • Summary ◦ CMAF (Common Media Application Format), uses fragmented MP4 (a.k.a. fMP4) as segment format based on the ISO base media file format, supported both by DASH and HLS. This way the same segments can be referenced both by DASH MPDs and HLS playlists. Such content is referred to as hybrid DASH/HLS service. ◦ Distribution of HLS-based CMAF and hybrid services over MBMS is expected to be supported ◦ Based on Rel-12 AppService concept already introduced by QC ◦ Two approaches possible: DASH-distribution and HLS conversion in MBMS client, 2 manifests distributed • Other ◦ hybrid DASH/HLS service is an important concept and should be well defined • UE impact ◦ Updates to MBMS client necessary to support one or both modes • Interested companies ◦ Apple, ENENSYS, Ericsson, Samsung, Qualcomm • Status ◦ WI will be completed in Mar ´20
Source sample text 59 DAHOE (support of hybrid DASH/HLS over MBMS) • DASH Amd.1 CMAF work and CTA WAVE ◦ This allows to generate content once using an MPD as manifest and do a conversion to other streaming formats such as HLS in the network, for example in a proxy of edge cache or also for example in an end device that includes a streaming client, for example and HLS player. • Conversion tools based on this MBMS format are available and will updated according to this specification: ◦ JavaScript based conversion in the client here: http://vm1.dashif.org/DASHtoHLS/ ◦ server-side conversion using a PHP script. Source code at: https://github.com/waqarz/DASH-to-HLS- Playback
60 AR/VR/MR and other interactive applications (Thierry Fautier, Harmonic)
FS_5GXR eXtended Reality (XR) in 5G
61 FS_XR5G (eXtended Reality (XR) in 5G) • Summary ◦ Define Extended Reality and Terms in 3GPP, including quality-of-experience with XR services ◦ Collects the technologies in the context of XR and their potential relation to 5G System ◦ Collects 23 use cases in the context of XR and 5G that are analyzed in terms of potential specification needs ◦ Breaks down the use cases in architectures, functions and interfaces ◦ Create specific conclusions on normative work in Rel-17 ◦ Support other 3GPP groups on the definition of system and radio specifications for XR • Other ◦ The study is supported by a workshop, for a summary please refer to S4-191019 • UE impact ◦ Nothing immediately, but defines device types for XR, including VR and AR • Interested companies ◦ Qualcomm, Ericsson, Orange, KPN, LG Electronics, Fraunhofer HHI, Intel, Fraunhofer IIS, Samsung, Facebook, Xiaomi, Nokia, Tencent, Oppo, AT&T • Status ◦ SI expected to be completed in Mar ´20 ◦ Normative work in Rel-17
Source sample text 62 Terms and Definitions
Presence
Time Warp Tracking
SLAM Meshes
Point Cloud
63 No Use Case Type Experience Delivery Device 1 3D Image Messaging AR 3DoF+, 6DoF Upload and Download Phone 2 AR Sharing AR, MR 6DoF Local, Messaging Download and Phone Upload 3 Streaming of Immersive 6DoF VR 3DoF+, 6DoF Streaming, Interactive, Split HMD with a controller 4 Emotional Streaming 2D, AR and VR 2D, 3DoF+, 6DoF Streaming Phone and HMD Interactive, Split 5 Untethered Immersive Online Gaming VR 6DoF Streaming, Interactive, Split HMD with a Gaming controller 6 Video Game Live Streaming VR 6DoF Streaming, Split 2D screen or HMD with a controller 7 Real-time 3D Communication 3D, AR 3DoF+ Conversational Phone 8 AR guided assistant at remote location 2D video + AR 6DoF (2D + AR) Local, Streaming, Interactive, 5G AR Glasses, 5G touchscreen computer or tablet (industrial services) Conversational 9 Police Critical Mission with AR AR, VR 3DoF to 6DoF Local, Streaming, Interactive, 5G AR Glasses/Helmet, VR camera/microphone, Audio stereo Conversational, Group headset, 5G accurate positioning Communication 10 Online shopping from a catalogue – AR 6DoF Download AR Glasses, Rendering system, Tablet (or smartphone), downloading Capture device 11 Real-time communication with the shop AR 6DoF Interactive, Conversational AR Glasses, Rendering system, Tablet (or smartphone), assistant Capture device 12 360-degree conference meeting AR, MR, VR 3DoF Conversational Mobile / Laptop 13 3D shared experience AR, MR, VR 3DoF+, 6DoF Conversational Mobile / Laptop 14 6DOF VR conferencing VR 6DoF Interactive, Conversational VR gear with binaural playback and HMD video playback, Call server 15 XR Meeting AR, VR, XR 6DoF Interactive Conversational Phone, HMD, Glasses, headphones 16 Convention / Poster Session AR, VR, MR 6DoF Interactive, Conversational Phone, HMD, AR Glasses, VR controller/pointing device, headphones 17 AR animated avatar calls AR 2D, 3DoF Conversational Phone, HMD, Glasses, headphones 18 Online shopping from a catalogue – AR 6DoF Download AR Glasses, Rendering system, Tablet (or smartphone), downloading Capture device 19 Front-facing camera video multi-party AR 3DoF Conversational Smartphone with front-facing camera, headset calls 20 AR Streaming with Localization Registry AR, Social AR 6DoF Streaming, Interactive, Conversational AR glasses with binaural audio playback support
21 Immersive 6DoF Streaming with Social VR and Social VR 3DoF+, 6DoF Streaming, Interactive, HMD with a controller Interaction Conversational, Split 22 5G Online Gaming Party VR 6DoF Streaming, Interactive, Split, D2D HMD with a Gaming controller 23 Spatial Shared Data AR 6DoF Streaming, Interactive, HMD, AR Glasses Conversational, Split Broadthinking 2019 64 Device Types and Power Considerations
XR Type XR Device Type Tethering 5G Uu Modem XR Engine Power Typical Max Number Name Examples Localization Supply Avail Power XR5G-P1 Phone n/a XR device XR device or split Internal 3-5 W XR5G-V1 Simple VR Viewer wired USB-C External External External 2-5 W tethering XR5G-V2 Simple VR Viewer wireless 802.11ad/y, 5G External External Internal 2-3 W tethering sidelink, etc. XR5G-V3 Smart VR Viewer wireless 802.11ad/y, 5G External XR device or Split Internal 2-3 W tethering sidelink, etc. XR5G-V4 VR HMD Standalone n/a XR device XR device or Split Internal 3-7 W XR5G-A1 AR Wearable standalone n/a XR device XR device or Split Internal 2 - 4 W XR5G-A2 Simple AR Wearable wired USB-C External External External 1-3 W tethering XR5G-A3 Simple AR Wearable 802.11ad/y, 5G External External Internal 0.5 – 2 W wireless tethering sidelink. etc. XR5G-A4 Smart AR Wearable 802.11ad/y, 5G External XR device or Split Internal 0.5 – 2 W wireless tethering sidelink. etc. 65 Architecture Examples Identifying interfaces, APIs, formats, protocols
Viewport-Dependent Streaming Split Rendering with Time Warp
XR Server XR Server
Display XR Media XR Device Display XR Media Generation XR Device Generation Tracking and Sensor 3DOF/6DOF Information 5GS 5GS Delivery XR Viewport XR Viewport 5GS Delivery 3DOF/6DOF XR Viewport Tracking and XR Media Rendering Pre-Rendering Tracking and Rendering Download or Stream XR Sensors Encoding Viewport-adapted XR XR Sensors (ATW only) Media
2D Media 5GS Delivery5GS
Encoding Delivery5GS XR Media XR Media 2D Media for pre- XR Media XR Media rendered viewport 2D Media Content Content Content Adaptive media Decoders Decoders Delivery Delivery XR Media Delivery request Content Delivery
• Rendering-centric architecures • Other architectures look at AR localization or network-based rendering • Identified an initial set of latency, bandwidth and reliability requirements
66 A new era in distributed processing
Thermally efficient for Compute intensive sleek and ultra-light
Complex concurrencies Complex Challenging XR workloads XR form factor Long battery life Real-time for all-day use
Always-on
Storage/memory Latency sensitive bandwidth
Essential on-device processing Split rendering Augment by edge cloud processing
Optimized under strict power, Significant higher power thermal, size constraints envelope—beyond PC class
Premium experiences today that Augment on-device rendering with continuously improve edge cloud rendering Low latency High capacity Reliable link 67 Wrap Up
68 5G enabled capabilities not possible when 4G was defined
Efficient TDD spatial design Scalable numerology Hardware enablers Flexibility, lower latency, reciprocity-based massive Low, to mid, to high mmWave bands, Such as faster baseband processing MIMO, new feedback/pilot/measurements deployment types
DL Guard DL Data UL Ctrl Ctrl Mobile mmWave
DL ACK Ctrl DL Data Guard SRS Overcoming an “impossible challenge”
Technology leap for Continuous research, technology breakthroughs, new capabilities and new architectures, distribution of processing/AI/content,… reduced cost
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
69 5G is the innovation platform for the next decade
A unified future- Delivering on the New deployments, new spectrum, Some future requirements only proof platform 5G vision new use cases, new verticals,… possible on a new platform
Market needs: enhanced/emerging/unknown services to 5G Historically 10 years between generations Vision forming
Next technology leap for new capabilities and reduced cost
Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel-17 Rel-18 Rel-19 Rel-20 Rel-21 and beyond Continued evolution Initially eMBB Expansion to new industries
Research: for 5G enhancements and for next generation leap Technology breakthroughs, hardware progress, new architectures, distribution of processing/AI/content,…
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