2015-10-30

Język angielski w laboratorium

Elements and inorganic compounds

29.10.2015

Compounds

czasownik

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Compounds

przymiotnik

Compounds

rzeczownik

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Inorganic compounds

• oxide • cation • acid • anion • base • radical • salt

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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/nomenclature-and-terminology.html

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Chemical nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature

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Simple compounds

Cations and anions

chlorine (Cl) chloride (Cl -)

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Acids (binary)

• HCl – hydrogen chloride (gas) – hydrochloric acid (solution)

Acids (ternary)

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Acids

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Bases

• hydroxide • calcium hydroxide

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Salts

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Technetium

Shiny-gray transition metal, with atomic number 43, it`s the lowest atomic number in the periodic table with no stable isotopes, every form of it is radioactive; nearly all of Technetium is produced synthetically. Naturally occurring technetium occurs as a spontaneous fission product in uranium ore or by neutron capture in molybdenum ores. Mendelew predicted it and named it Ekamanganese. Used in medical tests (Tc-99), for example, as the radioactive part of a radioactive tracer, that can be detected (Graves` disease). It`s a beta-particle source. No technetium isotope has a lajf-life longer than 4.2 million yrs, so it`s detection in Red Giants was a proof to the theory that stars may produce heavier elements.

name property compound name property compound 1 sód 20 wodór

2 potas 21 gal

3 wapń 22 technet

4 żelazo 23 platyna

5 cyna 24 fluor

6 cynk 25 rtęć

7 chlor 26 chrom

8 brom 27 wanad

9 jod 28 węgiel

10 fosfor 29 nikiel

11 azot 30 krzem

12 tlen 31 ołów

13 wolfram 32 arsen

14 miedź 33 antymon

15 srebro 34 siarka

16 złoto 35 hel

17 magnez 36 mangan

18 bor 37 kadm

19 bar 38 kobalt

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Compounds

• Calcium chlorate – Ca(ClO 3)2

• Calcium chloride – CaCl 2

• Calcium chromate – CaCrO 4

• Calcium fluoride – CaF 2

• Calcium hydride – CaH 2

• Calcium hydroxide – Ca(OH) 2

• Calcium oxalate – Ca(C 2O4)

• Calcium oxychloride – CaOCl 2

• Calcium perchlorate-Ca(ClO 4)2

• Calcium sulfate (Gypsum) – CaSO 4

• Sodium borate – Na 2B4O7 • – NaOCl

• Sodium borohydride – NaBH 4 • – NaI

• Sodium bromate – NaBrO 3 • Sodium manganate – Na 2MnO 4

• – NaBr • Sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) – Na 2PFO 3

• Sodium bromite – NaBrO 2 • Sodium nitrate – NaNO 3

• Sodium carbide – Na 2C2 • Sodium nitrite – NaNO 2

• Sodium carbonate – Na 2CO 3 • Sodium oxide – Na 2O

• Sodium chlorate – NaClO 3 • Sodium perchlorate – NaClO 4

• – NaCl • Sodium periodate – NaIO 4

• Sodium chlorite – NaClO 2 • – NaMnO 4

• – NaCN • Sodium peroxide – Na 2O2

• Sodium dichromate - Na 2Cr 2O7.2H 2O • Sodium phosphate; Trisodium phosphate – Na PO • Sodium ferrocyanide – Na 4Fe(CN) 6 3 4 • – NaH • Sodium sulfate – Na 2SO 4 • Sodium hydrogen carbonate (Sodium • Sodium sulfide – Na 2S

bicarbonate) – NaHCO 3 • Sodium sulfite – Na 2SO 3 • – NaOH

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Physical and chemical properties Appearance Physical Chemical solid diamagnetic pure glossy magnetic passive colourless ferromagnetic reactive dark plastic inert red conductivity conductive nonmetallic reddish brown ductile trivalent metallic luster malleable lustrous hard silvery fusible (low fusible) shiny durable Biological purple-black brittle antibacterial blackish-gray fragile poisonous crystalline soft silvery-white flammable; inflammable steel-gray dense bright yellow volatile golden tingle hygroscopic pale blue odourless tasteless

Homework

• Organic chemistry – quick look at carbon compounds

• read the text Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Ate There • find answers assigned to you (in writing) • list names of organic compound classes mentioned in the text • list interesting words found in the text

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The following collective names for groups of atoms are IUPAC-approved: alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr), alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra), pnictogens (N, P, As, Sb, Bi), chalcogens (O, S, Se, Te, Po), halogens (F, Cl, Br, I, At), noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn), lanthanoids (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu), rare earth metals (Sc, Y and the lanthanoids) actinoids (Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr).

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